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Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:14:49 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000426
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00426
Metabolite Identification
Common NameCitramalic acid
DescriptionCitramalic acid, also known as 2-Methylmalic acid, is an analog of malic acid. The structure of citramalic acid is similar to the structure of malic acid except it has an extra CH3 group on position 2. It is also classified as a 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid. Citramalic acid exists in two isomers, L-citramalic acid and D-citramalic acid. The L-isomer is more biologically relevant isomer. Citramalic acid is found in almost all living organisms from microbes to plants to humans although citramalate is primarily produced from bacteria. L-citramalic acid was first isolated from the peel of apples in 1954 (PMID: 13160011 ). It has also been isolated in wine and other ripening fruit (PMID: 13807713 ). Citramalic acid can inhibit the production of malic acid. Citramalic acid is also an important microbial metabolite and has been found to be a byproduct of Saccharomyces yeast species, as well as Propionibacterium acnes and Aspergillus niger (PMID: 31827810 ) (http://drweyrich.weyrich.com/labs/oat.html) (PMID: 7628083 ). Citramalic acid is a component of the C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism pathway. It can be broken down by the enzyme citramalate lyase, which converts citramalate to acetate and pyruvate. Citramalate synthase is an enzyme found in bacteria that synthesizes citramalic acid from acetyl-CoA, pyruvate and water. Citramalic acid may have a useful role in medical diagnoses. It has been found in the urine of two brothers with autistic features (PMID: 7628083 ). Citramalic acid can also be used as a urinary marker for gut dysbiosis (PMID: 31669633 ). Dysbiosis is a disorder of the bacterial flora of the human digestive tract. It is usually diagnosed clinically by direct detection of an abnormal pattern of the intestinal microbiota.
Structure
Data?1676999689
Synonyms
ValueSource
(+-)-2-Hydroxy-2-methylsuccinic acidChEBI
2-Hydroxy-2-methylbutanedioic acidChEBI
2-Hydroxy-2-methylsuccinic acidChEBI
2-Methylmalic acidChEBI
alpha-Hydroxypyrotartaric acidChEBI
Citramalic acidsChEBI
(+-)-2-Hydroxy-2-methylsuccinateGenerator
2-Hydroxy-2-methylbutanedioateGenerator
2-Hydroxy-2-methylsuccinateGenerator
2-MethylmalateGenerator
a-HydroxypyrotartarateGenerator
a-Hydroxypyrotartaric acidGenerator
alpha-HydroxypyrotartarateGenerator
Α-hydroxypyrotartarateGenerator
Α-hydroxypyrotartaric acidGenerator
CitramalateGenerator
(b)-2-MethylmalateHMDB
(b)-2-Methylmalic acidHMDB
(b)-CitramalateHMDB
(b)-Citramalic acidHMDB
(R,S)-(b)-CitramalateHMDB
(R,S)-(b)-Citramalic acidHMDB
(R,S)-b-MethylmalateHMDB
(R,S)-b-Methylmalic acidHMDB
(R,S)-beta-MethylmalateHMDB
(R,S)-beta-Methylmalic acidHMDB
2-Deoxy-3-C-methyltetrarateHMDB
2-Deoxy-3-C-methyltetraric acidHMDB
2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-(b)-butanedioateHMDB
2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-(b)-butanedioic acidHMDB
2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-butanedioateHMDB
2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-butanedioic acidHMDB
2-Methyl-(b)-malateHMDB
2-Methyl-(b)-malic acidHMDB
DL-CitramalateHMDB
DL-Citramalic acidHMDB
Citramalate, (+-)-isomerHMDB
Citramalate, (R)-isomerHMDB
Citramalate, (S)-isomerHMDB
alpha-MethylmalateHMDB
(R)-2-Hydroxy-2-methylbutanedioateHMDB
Citramalic acidKEGG
Chemical FormulaC5H8O5
Average Molecular Weight148.114
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight148.037173366
IUPAC Name2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanedioic acid
Traditional Namecitramalate, (+-)-
CAS Registry Number597-44-4
SMILES
CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C5H8O5/c1-5(10,4(8)9)2-3(6)7/h10H,2H2,1H3,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)
InChI KeyXFTRTWQBIOMVPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxy fatty acids. These are fatty acids in which the chain bears a hydroxyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acids and conjugates
Direct ParentHydroxy fatty acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Branched fatty acid
  • Methyl-branched fatty acid
  • Short-chain hydroxy acid
  • Hydroxy fatty acid
  • Alpha-hydroxy acid
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Hydroxy acid
  • Tertiary alcohol
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Alcohol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point107 - 111 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility1000000 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-Baker124.86730932474
[M-H]-Not Available123.2http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00001898
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility297 g/LALOGPS
logP-0.91ALOGPS
logP-0.68ChemAxon
logS0.3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.35ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area94.83 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity29.59 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability12.69 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+132.17231661259
DarkChem[M-H]-125.77831661259
AllCCS[M+H]+133.65732859911
AllCCS[M-H]-126.5132859911
DeepCCS[M+H]+123.23530932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-119.57930932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-156.89830932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+131.98130932474
AllCCS[M+H]+133.732859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+129.732859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+137.432859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+138.532859911
AllCCS[M-H]-126.532859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-128.832859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-131.332859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Citramalic acidCC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O2305.4Standard polar33892256
Citramalic acidCC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O970.8Standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acidCC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O1331.9Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Citramalic acid,1TMS,isomer #1CC(CC(=O)O)(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O1382.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,1TMS,isomer #2CC(O)(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O1322.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,1TMS,isomer #3CC(O)(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1302.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,2TMS,isomer #1CC(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O1444.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,2TMS,isomer #2CC(CC(=O)O)(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1416.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,2TMS,isomer #3CC(O)(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1368.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,3TMS,isomer #1CC(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1482.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(CC(=O)O)(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O1613.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(O)(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O1587.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #3CC(O)(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1594.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O1881.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(CC(=O)O)(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1867.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #3CC(O)(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1833.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Citramalic acid,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2137.2Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-000l-9200000000-d88cf81bb63b8badd74d2016-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (3 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00gs-8492000000-d1c8fb9235f1de536d152017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_3_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-000j-7900000000-efbe2adf2c82decc64a62012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-052u-9000000000-3754186783f820cbff7c2012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, Negative-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-052o-9000000000-0656e8e194378442727f2012-07-24HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid LC-ESI-ITFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-0002-2900000000-be1cc6b0ea685f5d7ac22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid LC-ESI-IT , negative-QTOFsplash10-002r-8900000000-7dd192ed79cd2d306ea52017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid , negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-9500000000-c96a62314140c10f12452017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 50V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0002-2900000000-716fb4163867531131372021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4l-9000000000-20ae5f1dfa6847e56e0d2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-9000000000-4bc688d98054e464cf072021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 30V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4r-9000000000-61294657ce4e2d5d6d052021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-9400000000-d027e4da9369388ea3c22021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4l-9000000000-e7930822f64c0c43d7c02021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 35V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-9500000000-2e922f07663d3c3992402021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-9400000000-b372db83cd99e22fb0ac2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-9000000000-093483f4bf2d387fa4052021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-001a-5900000000-437d36fe16a8d6f79c682016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-9200000000-6aed3a8e654948bbd5e82016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-9000000000-31c6a41b79f5b68fa4312016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0uds-4900000000-0d782e5134753ac75aeb2016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0zg0-9800000000-79154974b5c30f915ea52016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9100000000-16648250719da0016f962016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0f79-7900000000-7ad97a16a3c93f065dc02021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0pbi-9200000000-5a2fa29950e165d19eee2021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-6e51c64fc7bc0e0253732021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Citramalic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0019-7900000000-8d007c21807d42c8e41b2021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental)2012-12-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Experimental 2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 400 MHz, H2O, experimental)2012-12-05Wishart LabView Spectrum

IR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot Available
Normal
      Not Available
details
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedInfant (0-1 year old)Both
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
UrineDetected and Quantified0-100 umol/mmol creatinineNewborn (0-30 days old)Both
Normal
details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified2.5-4.5 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified2.4 (1.0-4.8) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
UrineDetected and Quantified2.5-3.4 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)MaleNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified3.1 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified14.0 (5.5-24.6) umol/mmol creatinineNewborn (0-30 days old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified11.8 (5.5-21.0) umol/mmol creatinineInfant (0-1 year old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified5.5 (4.2-8.9) umol/mmol creatinineChildren (1-13 years old)BothNormal details
UrineDetected and Quantified4.7 (1.3-11.2) umol/mmol creatinineAdolescent (13-18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer
details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Colorectal cancer
  1. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB002815
KNApSAcK IDC00001181
Chemspider ID1051
KEGG Compound IDC00815
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN ID5415
PubChem Compound1081
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID15584
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDCITMAL
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1390651
References
Synthesis ReferenceBarker, H. A. Chemical synthesis and resolution of (±)-citramalic acid. Biochemical Preparations (1962), 9 25-9.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Shaw W, Kassen E, Chaves E: Increased urinary excretion of analogs of Krebs cycle metabolites and arabinose in two brothers with autistic features. Clin Chem. 1995 Aug;41(8 Pt 1):1094-104. [PubMed:7628083 ]
  2. HULME AC: The oxidation of citramalic acid and beta-hydroxyglutaric acid to acetoacetic acid and the possible significance of citramalic acid in plant metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1954 May;14(1):44-51. [PubMed:13160012 ]
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