You are using an unsupported browser. Please upgrade your browser to a newer version to get the best experience on Human Metabolome Database.

Showing metabocard for N,N-Dimethylformamide (HMDB0001888)

IdentificationTaxonomyOntologyPhysical propertiesSpectraBiological propertiesConcentrationsLinksReferencesenzymes (2) Show 2 proteinsXML
enzymes (2) Show 2 proteins
Record Information
Version4.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2006-02-28 12:00:41 UTC
Update Date2019-01-11 19:16:18 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001888
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB01888
Metabolite Identification
Common NameN,N-Dimethylformamide
DescriptionN,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is a clear liquid that has been widely used in industries as a solvent, an additive, or an intermediate because of its extensive miscibility with water and most common organic solvents. Its health effects include hepatotoxicity and male reproductoxicity, possibly linked with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations including mtDNA common deletion (delta-mtDNA4977) and mtDNA copy number; during the biotransformation of DMF in the body, free radicals are formed, including hydroxyl radicals. The world-wide consumption of DMF in 2001 was approximately 285,000 metric tonnes and most of that was used as an industrial solvent. Overexposure to DMF could result in hepatotoxicity, alcohol intolerance, possible embryotoxicity and teratogenicity in humans and animals, and decline of human sperm motility. Based on its wide application and a wide range of toxic effects, DMF has been selected as one of the four priority compounds for human field studies by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) of the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). The current permissible exposure limit for DMF in the working environment is 10 ppm in both USA and Taiwan. The concentrations of two major DMF metabolites in urine, N-methylformamide (U-NMF) of 15 mg/L and N-acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl) cysteine (U-AMCC) of 40 mg/L, were recommended as the biological exposure indices (BEIs) by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists for DMF exposure in workplace. (PMID: 17254560 ).
Structure
Data?1547234178
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
ValueSource
DimethylformamideChEBI
DMFChEBI
N,N-DimethylmethanamideChEBI
N-FormyldimethylamineChEBI
Dimethyl formamideHMDB
Dimethyl-formamideHMDB
Dimethylamid kyseliny mravenciHMDB
DimethylforamideHMDB
DimethylformamidHMDB
DimetilformamideHMDB
DimetylformamiduHMDB
DwumetyloformamidHMDB
FormyldimethylamineHMDB
N,N- Dimethyl formamideHMDB
N,N- DimethylformamideHMDB
N,N-Dimethyl-formamideHMDB
N,N DimethylformamideHMDB
Chemical FormulaC3H7NO
Average Molecular Weight73.0938
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight73.052763851
IUPAC NameN,N-dimethylformamide
Traditional Namedimethylformamide
CAS Registry Number68-12-2
SMILES
CN(C)C=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C3H7NO/c1-4(2)3-5/h3H,1-2H3
InChI KeyZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tertiary carboxylic acid amides. Tertiary carboxylic acid amides are compounds containing an amide derivative of carboxylic acid, with the general structure RN(R1)C(R2)=O (R1-R2 any atom but H).
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassCarboxylic acid derivatives
Direct ParentTertiary carboxylic acid amides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect

Health effect:

Disposition

Source:

Route of exposure:

Biological location:

Role

Indirect biological role:

Environmental role:

Industrial application:

Physical Properties
StateLiquid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point-60.4 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility1000000 mg/L at 25 °CNot Available
LogP-1.01HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility725 g/LALOGPS
logP-0.77ALOGPS
logP-0.63ChemAxon
logS1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)-0.65ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area20.31 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity19.77 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability7.69 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-006x-9000000000-34e0d5dce52ab7332a48JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-00di-9000000000-2fc3e0f8da9a647359faJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-001l-9000000000-f4fe42c25bc21b32c720JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-000x-9000000000-c16bd85f59063ed223cdJSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-cc68a0ecc7c49de9adf0JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) 30V, Positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-9f91c0e4ecf9323c5268JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-cc68a0ecc7c49de9adf0JSpectraViewer | MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-9f91c0e4ecf9323c5268JSpectraViewer | MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-7021cfe3ddcd7eead969JSpectraViewer | MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-ceda884adf62fcbbade6JSpectraViewer | MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-dfa16f4b703eedcce213JSpectraViewer | MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-00di-9000000000-20383304fc1b3341c39dJSpectraViewer | MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-00di-9000000000-4add65e7ea3604d5d1fcJSpectraViewer | MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-05fr-9000000000-a05f660af113d947481eJSpectraViewer | MoNA
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-006x-9000000000-039511887fde37138176JSpectraViewer | MoNA
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableJSpectraViewer
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not Quantified Not AvailableNot Available
Normal
    		 details
    SalivaDetected but not Quantified Adult (>18 years old)Not SpecifiedNormal details
    UrineDetected and Quantified0.17 (0.06-0.77) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
    Abnormal Concentrations
    BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
    UrineDetected and Quantified1.27 (0.18-2.24) umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothSmoking details
    Associated Disorders and Diseases
    Disease References
    Smoking
    1. Schettgen T, Musiol A, Kraus T: Simultaneous determination of mercapturic acids derived from ethylene oxide (HEMA), propylene oxide (2-HPMA), acrolein (3-HPMA), acrylamide (AAMA) and N,N-dimethylformamide (AMCC) in human urine using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2008 Sep;22(17):2629-38. doi: 10.1002/rcm.3659. [PubMed:18666198 ]
    Associated OMIM IDsNone
    DrugBank IDDB01844
    Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
    FoodDB IDFDB004724
    KNApSAcK IDNot Available
    Chemspider ID5993
    KEGG Compound IDC03134
    BioCyc IDCPD-581
    BiGG IDNot Available
    Wikipedia LinkDimethylformamide
    METLIN IDNot Available
    PubChem Compound6228
    PDB IDNot Available
    ChEBI ID17741
    References
    Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
    Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
    General References
    1. Shieh DB, Chen CC, Shih TS, Tai HM, Wei YH, Chang HY: Mitochondrial DNA alterations in blood of the humans exposed to N,N-dimethylformamide. Chem Biol Interact. 2007 Feb 20;165(3):211-9. Epub 2006 Dec 20. [PubMed:17254560 ]
    2. Redlich CA, Beckett WS, Sparer J, Barwick KW, Riely CA, Miller H, Sigal SL, Shalat SL, Cullen MR: Liver disease associated with occupational exposure to the solvent dimethylformamide. Ann Intern Med. 1988 May;108(5):680-6. [PubMed:3358569 ]

    Enzymes

    Enzyme Details
    1. Renin
    General function:
    Involved in aspartic-type endopeptidase activity
    Specific function:
    Renin is a highly specific endopeptidase, whose only known function is to generate angiotensin I from angiotensinogen in the plasma, initiating a cascade of reactions that produce an elevation of blood pressure and increased sodium retention by the kidney
    Gene Name:
    REN
    Uniprot ID:
    P00797
    Molecular weight:
    45057.1
    References
    1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
    2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
    3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [PubMed:10592235 ]
    Enzyme Details
    2. Chymotrypsin-like elastase family member 1
    General function:
    Involved in serine-type endopeptidase activity
    Specific function:
    Acts upon elastin
    Gene Name:
    CELA1
    Uniprot ID:
    Q9UNI1
    Molecular weight:
    27798.0
    References
    1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
    2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
    3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [PubMed:10592235 ]