1. Beta-Alanyl-L-histidine
2. Carnosine
3. Ignotine
4. Karnozin
5. Karnozzn
6. L-Carnosine
7. N-(3-Aminopropanoyl)histidine
8. N-(b-Alanyl)-L-histidine
9. N-b-alanyl-L-Histidine
10. N-beta-alanyl-L-Histidine
11. b-Alanyl-L-histidine
12. b-Alanylhistidine
13. beta-Alanylhistidine
14. Sevitin

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• Cytoplasm

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Urine

• 104300 (Alzheimer's disease)
• 212200 (Carnosinuria)

1. Park YJ, Volpe SL, Decker EA: Quantitation of carnosine in humans plasma after dietary consumption of beef. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Jun 15;53(12):4736-9. [PubMed ]
2. Guiotto A, Calderan A, Ruzza P, Borin G: Carnosine and carnosine-related antioxidants: a review. Curr Med Chem. 2005;12(20):2293-315. [PubMed ]
3. Hipkiss AR, Preston JE, Himsworth DT, Worthington VC, Keown M, Michaelis J, Lawrence J, Mateen A, Allende L, Eagles PA, Abbott NJ: Pluripotent protective effects of carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998 Nov 20;854:37-53. [PubMed ]
4. Guiotto A, Calderan A, Ruzza P, Osler A, Rubini C, Jo DG, Mattson MP, Borin G: Synthesis and evaluation of neuroprotective alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde scavenger histidyl-containing analogues of carnosine. J Med Chem. 2005 Sep 22;48(19):6156-61. [PubMed ]
5. Hipkiss AR, Brownson C: Carnosine reacts with protein carbonyl groups: another possible role for the anti-ageing peptide? Biogerontology. 2000;1(3):217-23. [PubMed ]
6. Furst P: Amino acid metabolism in uremia. J Am Coll Nutr. 1989 Aug;8(4):310-23. [PubMed ]
7. Lee YT, Hsu CC, Lin MH, Liu KS, Yin MC: Histidine and carnosine delay diabetic deterioration in mice and protect human low density lipoprotein against oxidation and glycation. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 Apr 18;513(1-2):145-50. Epub 2005 Apr 2. [PubMed ]
8. Hipkiss AR, Brownson C, Bertani MF, Ruiz E, Ferro A: Reaction of carnosine with aged proteins: another protective process? Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Apr;959:285-94. [PubMed ]
9. Mannion AF, Jakeman PM, Dunnett M, Harris RC, Willan PL: Carnosine and anserine concentrations in the quadriceps femoris muscle of healthy humans. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1992;64(1):47-50. [PubMed ]
10. Hipkiss AR, Brownson C, Carrier MJ: Carnosine, the anti-ageing, anti-oxidant dipeptide, may react with protein carbonyl groups. Mech Ageing Dev. 2001 Sep 15;122(13):1431-45. [PubMed ]
11. Suzuki Y, Ito O, Mukai N, Takahashi H, Takamatsu K: High level of skeletal muscle carnosine contributes to the latter half of exercise performance during 30-s maximal cycle ergometer sprinting. Jpn J Physiol. 2002 Apr;52(2):199-205. [PubMed ]
12. Kang JH, Kim KS, Choi SY, Kwon HY, Won MH, Kang TC: Protection by carnosine-related dipeptides against hydrogen peroxide-mediated ceruloplasmin modification. Mol Cells. 2002 Feb 28;13(1):107-12. [PubMed ]
13. Willi SM, Zhang Y, Hill JB, Phelan MC, Michaelis RC, Holden KR: A deletion in the long arm of chromosome 18 in a child with serum carnosinase deficiency. Pediatr Res. 1997 Feb;41(2):210-3. [PubMed ]
14. Tallon MJ, Harris RC, Boobis LH, Fallowfield JL, Wise JA: The carnosine content of vastus lateralis is elevated in resistance-trained bodybuilders. J Strength Cond Res. 2005 Nov;19(4):725-9. [PubMed ]
15. Mozdzan M, Szemraj J, Rysz J, Nowak D: Antioxidant properties of carnosine re-evaluated with oxidizing systems involving iron and copper ions. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005 May;96(5):352-60. [PubMed ]
16. Jackson MC, Lenney JF: The distribution of carnosine and related dipeptides in rat and human tissues. Inflamm Res. 1996 Mar;45(3):132-5. [PubMed ]
17. Wikipedia

1. Myeloperoxidase
2. Beta-Ala-His dipeptidase
3. Histidine decarboxylase
4. Vimentin
5. Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A/1B
6. Solute carrier family 15 member 2

1. MPO
2. 89 kDa myeloperoxidase
3. 84 kDa myeloperoxidase
4. Myeloperoxidase light chain
5. Myeloperoxidase heavy chain

MGVPFFSSLRCMVDLGPCWAGGLTAEMKLLLALAGLLAILATPQPSEGAAPAVLGEVDTS
LVLSSMEEAKQLVDKAYKERRESIKQRLRSGSASPMELLSYFKQPVAATRTAVRAADYLH
VALDLLERKLRSLWRRPFNVTDVLTPAQLNVLSKSSGCAYQDVGVTCPEQDKYRTITGMC
NNRRSPTLGASNRAFVRWLPAEYEDGFSLPYGWTPGVKRNGFPVALARAVSNEIVRFPTD
QLTPDQERSLMFMQWGQLLDHDLDFTPEPAARASFVTGVNCETSCVQQPPCFPLKIPPND
PRIKNQADCIPFFRSCPACPGSNITIRNQINALTSFVDASMVYGSEEPLARNLRNMSNQL
GLLAVNQRFQDNGRALLPFDNLHDDPCLLTNRSARIPCFLAGDTRSSEMPELTSMHTLLL
REHNRLATELKSLNPRWDGERLYQEARKIVGAMVQIITYRDYLPLVLGPTAMRKYLPTYR
SYNDSVDPRIANVFTNAFRYGHTLIQPFMFRLDNRYQPMEPNPRVPLSRVFFASWRVVLE
GGIDPILRGLMATPAKLNRQNQIAVDEIRERLFEQVMRIGLDLPALNMQRSRDHGLPGYN
AWRRFCGLPQPETVGQLGTVLRNLKLARKLMEQYGTPNNIDIWMGGVSEPLKRKGRVGPL
LACIIGTQFRKLRDGDRFWWENEGVFSMQQRQALAQISLPRIICDNTGITTVSKNNIFMS
NSYPRDFVNCSTLPALNLASWREAS

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Methane metabolism (map00680 )
• Phenylalanine Metabolism (map00360 )
• Stilbene, coumarine and lignin biosynthesis (map00940 )

• donor + H2O2 = oxidized donor + 2 H2O [RN:R03532]

• An_peroxidase (PF03098 )

• 1-48

• None

ATGGGGGTTCCCTTCTTCTCTTCTCTCAGATGCATGGTGGACTTAGGACCTTGCTGGGCT
GGGGGTCTCACTGCAGAGATGAAGCTGCTTCTGGCCCTAGCAGGGCTCCTGGCCATTCTG
GCCACGCCCCAGCCCTCTGAAGGTGCTGCTCCAGCTGTCCTGGGGGAGGTGGACACCTCG
TTGGTGCTGAGCTCCATGGAGGAGGCCAAGCAGCTGGTGGACAAGGCCTACAAGGAGCGG
CGGGAAAGCATCAAGCAGCGGCTTCGCAGCGGCTCAGCCAGCCCCATGGAACTCCTATCC
TACTTCAAGCAGCCGGTGGCAGCCACCAGGACGGCGGTGAGGGCCGCTGACTACCTGCAC
GTGGCTCTAGACCTGCTGGAGAGGAAGCTGCGGTCCCTGTGGCGAAGGCCATTCAATGTC
ACTGATGTGCTGACGCCCGCCCAGCTGAATGTGTTGTCCAAGTCAAGCGGCTGCGCCTAC
CAGGACGTGGGGGTGACTTGCCCGGAGCAGGACAAATACCGCACCATCACCGGGATGTGC
AACAACAGACGCAGCCCCACGCTGGGGGCCTCCAACCGTGCCTTTGTGCGCTGGCTGCCG
GCGGAGTATGAGGACGGCTTCTCTCTTCCCTACGGCTGGACGCCCGGGGTCAAGCGCAAC
GGCTTCCCGGTGGCTCTGGCTCGCGCGGTCTCCAACGAGATCGTGCGCTTCCCCACTGAT
CAGCTGACTCCGGACCAGGAGCGCTCACTCATGTTCATGCAATGGGGCCAGCTGTTGGAC
CACGACCTCGACTTCACCCCTGAGCCGGCCGCCCGGGCCTCCTTCGTCACTGGCGTCAAC
TGCGAGACCAGCTGCGTTCAGCAGCCGCCCTGCTTCCCGCTCAAGATCCCGCCCAATGAC
CCCCGCATCAAGAACCAAGCCGACTGCATCCCGTTCTTCCGCTCCTGCCCGGCTTGCCCC
GGGAGCAACATCACCATCCGCAACCAGATCAACGCGCTCACTTCCTTCGTGGACGCCAGC
ATGGTGTACGGCAGCGAGGAGCCCCTGGCCAGGAACCTGCGCAACATGTCCAACCAGCTG
GGGCTGCTGGCCGTCAACCAGCGCTTCCAAGACAACGGCCGGGCCCTGCTGCCCTTTGAC
AACCTGCACGATGACCCCTGTCTCCTCACCAACCGCTCAGCGCGCATCCCCTGCTTCCTG
GCAGGGGACACCCGTTCCAGTGAGATGCCCGAGCTCACCTCCATGCACACCCTCTTACTT
CGGGAGCACAACCGGCTGGCCACAGAGCTCAAGAGCCTGAACCCTAGGTGGGATGGGGAG
AGGCTCTACCAGGAAGCCCGGAAGATCGTGGGGGCCATGGTCCAGATCATCACTTACCGG
GACTACCTGCCCCTGGTGCTGGGGCCAACGGCCATGAGGAAGTACCTGCCCACGTACCGT
TCCTACAATGACTCAGTGGACCCACGCATCGCCAACGTCTTCACCAATGCCTTCCGCTAC
GGCCACACCCTCATCCAACCCTTCATGTTCCGCCTGGACAATCGGTACCAGCCCATGGAA
CCCAACCCCCGTGTCCCCCTCAGCAGGGTCTTTTTTGCCTCCTGGAGGGTCGTGCTGGAA
GGTGGCATTGACCCCATCCTCCGGGGCCTCATGGCCACCCCTGCCAAGCTGAATCGTCAG
AACCAAATTGCAGTGGATGAGATCCGGGAGCGATTGTTTGAGCAGGTCATGAGGATTGGG
CTGGACCTGCCTGCTCTGAACATGCAGCGCAGCAGGGACCACGGCCTCCCAGGATACAAT
GCCTGGAGGCGCTTCTGTGGGCTCCCGCAGCCTGAAACTGTGGGCCAGCTGGGCACGGTG
CTGAGGAACCTGAAATTGGCGAGGAAACTGATGGAGCAGTATGGCACGCCCAACAACATC
GACATCTGGATGGGCGGCGTGTCCGAGCCTCTGAAGCGCAAAGGCCGCGTGGGCCCACTC
CTCGCCTGCATCATCGGTACCCAGTTCAGGAAGCTCCGGGATGGTGATCGGTTTTGGTGG
GAGAACGAGGGTGTGTTCAGCATGCAGCAGCGACAGGCCCTGGCCCAGATCTCATTGCCC
CGGATCATCTGCGACAACACAGGCATCACCACCGTGTCTAAGAACAACATCTTCATGTCC
AACTCATATCCCCGGGACTTTGTCAACTGCAGTACACTTCCTGCATTGAACCTGGCTTCC
TGGAGGGAAGCCTCCTAG

1. Morishita K, Kubota N, Asano S, Kaziro Y, Nagata S: Molecular cloning and characterization of cDNA for human myeloperoxidase. J Biol Chem. 1987 Mar 15;262(8):3844-51. [PubMed ]
2. Morishita K, Tsuchiya M, Asano S, Kaziro Y, Nagata S: Chromosomal gene structure of human myeloperoxidase and regulation of its expression by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. J Biol Chem. 1987 Nov 5;262(31):15208-13. [PubMed ]
3. Seto P, Hirayu H, Magnusson RP, Gestautas J, Portmann L, DeGroot LJ, Rapoport B: Isolation of a complementary DNA clone for thyroid microsomal antigen. Homology with the gene for thyroid peroxidase. J Clin Invest. 1987 Oct;80(4):1205-8. [PubMed ]
4. Johnson KR, Nauseef WM, Care A, Wheelock MJ, Shane S, Hudson S, Koeffler HP, Selsted M, Miller C, Rovera G: Characterization of cDNA clones for human myeloperoxidase: predicted amino acid sequence and evidence for multiple mRNA species. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Mar 11;15(5):2013-28. [PubMed ]
5. Hashinaka K, Nishio C, Hur SJ, Sakiyama F, Tsunasawa S, Yamada M: Multiple species of myeloperoxidase messenger RNAs produced by alternative splicing and differential polyadenylation. Biochemistry. 1988 Aug 9;27(16):5906-14. [PubMed ]
6. Johnson K, Gemperlein I, Hudson S, Shane S, Rovera G: Complete nucleotide sequence of the human myeloperoxidase gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Oct 11;17(19):7985-6. [PubMed ]
7. Hosokawa Y, Kawaguchi R, Hikiji K, Yamada M, Suzuki K, Nakagawa T, Yoshihara T, Yamaguchi K: Cloning and characterization of four types of cDNA encoding myeloperoxidase from human monocytic leukemia cell line, SKM-1. Leukemia. 1993 Mar;7(3):441-5. [PubMed ]
8. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
9. Yamada M, Hur SJ, Toda H: Isolation and characterization of extracellular myeloperoxidase precursor in HL-60 cell cultures. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Jan 30;166(2):852-9. [PubMed ]
10. Taylor KL, Pohl J, Kinkade JM Jr: Unique autolytic cleavage of human myeloperoxidase. Implications for the involvement of active site MET409. J Biol Chem. 1992 Dec 15;267(35):25282-8. [PubMed ]
11. Yamada M, Yoshida M, Hashinaka K: Identification of transcriptional cis-elements in introns 7 and 9 of the myeloperoxidase gene. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jun 25;268(18):13479-85. [PubMed ]
12. Yamada M, Hur SJ, Hashinaka K, Tsuneoka K, Saeki T, Nishio C, Sakiyama F, Tsunasawa S: Isolation and characterization of a cDNA coding for human myeloperoxidase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 May 15;255(1):147-55. [PubMed ]
13. Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG 2nd, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;4(6):2070-80. [PubMed ]
14. Ramachandran P, Boontheung P, Xie Y, Sondej M, Wong DT, Loo JA: Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2006 Jun;5(6):1493-503. [PubMed ]
15. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. [PubMed ]
16. Fiedler TJ, Davey CA, Fenna RE: X-ray crystal structure and characterization of halide-binding sites of human myeloperoxidase at 1.8 A resolution. J Biol Chem. 2000 Apr 21;275(16):11964-71. [PubMed ]
17. Fenna R, Zeng J, Davey C: Structure of the green heme in myeloperoxidase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Jan 10;316(1):653-6. [PubMed ]
18. Blair-Johnson M, Fiedler T, Fenna R: Human myeloperoxidase: structure of a cyanide complex and its interaction with bromide and thiocyanate substrates at 1.9 A resolution. Biochemistry. 2001 Nov 20;40(46):13990-7. [PubMed ]
19. Kizaki M, Miller CW, Selsted ME, Koeffler HP: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) gene mutation in hereditary MPO deficiency. Blood. 1994 Apr 1;83(7):1935-40. [PubMed ]
20. Nauseef WM, Brigham S, Cogley M: Hereditary myeloperoxidase deficiency due to a missense mutation of arginine 569 to tryptophan. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jan 14;269(2):1212-6. [PubMed ]
21. Nauseef WM, Cogley M, McCormick S: Effect of the R569W missense mutation on the biosynthesis of myeloperoxidase. J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 19;271(16):9546-9. [PubMed ]
22. DeLeo FR, Goedken M, McCormick SJ, Nauseef WM: A novel form of hereditary myeloperoxidase deficiency linked to endoplasmic reticulum/proteasome degradation. J Clin Invest. 1998 Jun 15;101(12):2900-9. [PubMed ]
23. Romano M, Dri P, Dadalt L, Patriarca P, Baralle FE: Biochemical and molecular characterization of hereditary myeloperoxidase deficiency. Blood. 1997 Nov 15;90(10):4126-34. [PubMed ]
24. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. Boldyrev A, Abe H, Stvolinsky S, Tyulina O: Effects of carnosine and related compounds on generation of free oxygen species: a comparative study. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 1995 Nov;112(3):481-5. [PubMed ]

1. CNDP dipeptidase 1
2. Carnosine dipeptidase 1
3. Glutamate carboxypeptidase-like protein 2
4. Serum carnosinase

MDPKLGRMAASLLAVLLLLLERGMFSSPSPPPALLEKVFQYIDLHQDEFVQTLKEWVAIE
SDSVQPVPRFRQELFRMMAVAADTLQRLGARVASVDMGPQQLPDGQSLPIPPVILAELGS
DPTKGTVCFYGHLDVQPADRGDGWLTDPYVLTEVDGKLYGRGATDNKGPVLAWINAVSAF
RALEQDLPVNIKFIIEGMEEAGSVALEELVEKEKDRFFSGVDYIVISDNLWISQRKPAIT
YGTRGNSYFMVEVKCRDQDFHSGTFGGILHEPMADLVALLGSLVDSSGHILVPGIYDEVV
PLTEEEINTYKAIHLDLEEYRNSSRVEKFLFDTKEEILMHLWRYPSLSIHGIEGAFDEPG
TKTVIPGRVIGKFSIRLVPHMNVSAVEKQVTRHLEDVFSKRNSSNKMVVSMTLGLHPWIA
NIDDTQYLAAKRAIRTVFGTEPDMIRDGSTIPIAKMFQEIVHKSVVLIPLGAVDDGEHSQ
NEKINRWNYIEGTKLFAAFFLEMAQLH

• Beta Alanine Metabolism (map00410 )
• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )

• Preferential hydrolysis of the beta-Ala!His dipeptide (carnosine), and also anserine, Xaa!His dipeptides and other dipeptides including homocarnosine [RN:R01166 R03288] ALL_REAC R01166 R03288 COFACTOR Citrate [CPD:C00158]
• Cadmium [CPD:C01413]

• M20_dimer (PF07687 )
• Peptidase_M20 (PF01546 )

• 1-26

• None

ATGGATCCCAAACTCGGGAGAATGGCTGCGTCCCTGCTGGCTGTGCTGCTGCTGCTGCTG
GAGCGCGGCATGTTCTCCTCACCCTCCCCGCCCCCGGCGCTGTTAGAGAAAGTCTTCCAG
TACATTGACCTCCATCAGGATGAATTTGTGCAGACGCTGAAGGAGTGGGTGGCCATCGAG
AGCGACTCTGTCCAGCCTGTGCCTCGCTTCAGACAAGAGCTCTTCAGAATGATGGCCGTG
GCTGCGGACACGCTGCAGCGCCTGGGGGCCCGTGTGGCCTCGGTGGACATGGGTCCTCAG
CAGCTGCCCGATGGTCAGAGTCTTCCAATACCTCCCGTCATCCTGGCCGAACTGGGGAGC
GATCCCACGAAAGGCACCGTGTGCTTCTACGGCCACTTGGACGTGCAGCCTGCTGACCGG
GGCGATGGGTGGCTCACGGACCCCTATGTGCTGACGGAGGTAGACGGGAAACTTTATGGA
CGAGGAGCGACCGACAACAAAGGCCCTGTCTTGGCTTGGATCAATGCTGTGAGCGCCTTC
AGAGCCCTGGAGCAAGATCTTCCTGTGAATATCAAATTCATCATTGAGGGGATGGAAGAG
GCTGGCTCTGTTGCCCTGGAGGAACTTGTGGAAAAAGAAAAGGACCGATTCTTCTCTGGT
GTGGACTACATTGTAATTTCAGATAACCTGTGGATCAGCCAAAGGAAGCCAGCAATCACT
TACGGAACCCGGGGGAACAGCTACTTCATGGTGGAGGTGAAATGCAGAGACCAGGATTTT
CACTCAGGAACCTTTGGTGGCATCCTTCATGAACCAATGGCTGATCTGGTTGCTCTTCTC
GGTAGCCTGGTAGACTCGTCTGGTCATATCCTGGTCCCTGGAATCTATGATGAAGTGGTT
CCTCTTACAGAAGAGGAAATAAATACATACAAAGCCATCCATCTAGACCTAGAAGAATAC
CGGAATAGCAGCCGGGTTGAGAAATTTCTGTTCGATACTAAGGAGGAGATTCTAATGCAC
CTCTGGAGGTACCCATCTCTTTCTATTCATGGGATCGAGGGCGCGTTTGATGAGCCTGGA
ACTAAAACAGTCATACCTGGCCGAGTTATAGGAAAATTTTCAATCCGTCTAGTCCCTCAC
ATGAATGTGTCTGCGGTGGAAAAACAGGTGACACGACATCTTGAAGATGTGTTCTCCAAA
AGAAATAGTTCCAACAAGATGGTTGTTTCCATGACTCTAGGACTACACCCGTGGATTGCA
AATATTGATGACACCCAGTATCTCGCAGCAAAAAGAGCGATCAGAACAGTGTTTGGAACA
GAACCAGATATGATCCGGGATGGATCCACCATTCCAATTGCCAAAATGTTCCAGGAGATC
GTCCACAAGAGCGTGGTGCTAATTCCGCTGGGAGCTGTTGATGATGGAGAACATTCGCAG
AATGAGAAAATCAACAGGTGGAACTACATAGAGGGAACCAAATTATTTGCTGCCTTTTTC
TTAGAGATGGCCCAGCTCCATTAA

1. Janssen B, Hohenadel D, Brinkkoetter P, Peters V, Rind N, Fischer C, Rychlik I, Cerna M, Romzova M, de Heer E, Baelde H, Bakker SJ, Zirie M, Rondeau E, Mathieson P, Saleem MA, Meyer J, Koppel H, Sauerhoefer S, Bartram CR, Nawroth P, Hammes HP, Yard BA, Zschocke J, van der Woude FJ: Carnosine as a protective factor in diabetic nephropathy: association with a leucine repeat of the carnosinase gene CNDP1. Diabetes. 2005 Aug;54(8):2320-7. [PubMed ]
2. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Lenney JF, George RP, Weiss AM, Kucera CM, Chan PW, Rinzler GS: Human serum carnosinase: characterization, distinction from cellular carnosinase, and activation by cadmium. Clin Chim Acta. 1982 Aug 18;123(3):221-31. [PubMed ]
5. Lenney JF, Peppers SC, Kucera CM, Sjaastad O: Homocarnosinosis: lack of serum carnosinase is the defect probably responsible for elevated brain and CSF homocarnosine. Clin Chim Acta. 1983 Aug 15;132(2):157-65. [PubMed ]
6. Teufel M, Saudek V, Ledig JP, Bernhardt A, Boularand S, Carreau A, Cairns NJ, Carter C, Cowley DJ, Duverger D, Ganzhorn AJ, Guenet C, Heintzelmann B, Laucher V, Sauvage C, Smirnova T: Sequence identification and characterization of human carnosinase and a closely related non-specific dipeptidase. J Biol Chem. 2003 Feb 21;278(8):6521-31. Epub 2002 Dec 6. [PubMed ]
7. Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG 2nd, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;4(6):2070-80. [PubMed ]

1. HDC

MMEPEEYRERGREMVDYICQYLSTVRERRVTPDVQPGYLRAQLPESAPEDPDSWDSIFGD
IERIIMPGVVHWQSPHMHAYYPALTSWPSLLGDMLADAINCLGFTWASSPACTELEMNVM
DWLAKMLGLPEHFLHHHPSSQGGGVLQSTVSESTLIALLAARKNKILEMKTSEPDADESC
LNARLVAYASDQAHSSVEKAGLISLVKMKFLPVDDNFSLRGEALQKAIEEDKQRGLVPVF
VCATLGTTGVCAFDCLSELGPICAREGLWLHIDAAYAGTAFLCPEFRGFLKGIEYADSFT
FNPSKWMMVHFDCTGFWVKDKYKLQQTFSVNPIYLRHANSGVATDFMHWQIPLSRRFRSV
KLWFVIRSFGVKNLQAHVRHGTEMAKYFESLVRNDPSFEIPAKRHLGLVVFRLKGPNCLT
ENVLKEIAKAGRLFLIPATIQDKLIIRFTVTSQFTTRDDILRDWNLIRDAATLILSQHCT
SQPSPRVGNLISQIRGARAWACGTSLQSVSGAGDDPVQARKIIKQPQRVGAGPMKRENGL
HLETLLDPVDDCFSEEAPDATKHKLSSFLFSYLSVQTKKKTVRSLSCNSVPVSAQKPLPT
EASVKNGGSSRVRIFSRFPEDMMMLKKSAFKKLIKFYSVPSFPECSSQCGLQLPCCPLQA
MV

• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )

• L-histidine = histamine + CO2 [RN:R01167]

• Pyridoxal_deC (PF00282 )

• None

• None

ATGATGGAGCCTGAGGAGTACAGAGAGAGAGGGAGAGAGATGGTGGATTACATCTGCCAG
TACCTGAGCACTGTGCGGGAGAGACGTGTGACGCCAGACGTGCAGCCTGGCTACCTGCGA
GCCCAGCTGCCTGAGAGTGCTCCTGAGGACCCCGACAGCTGGGACAGCATCTTTGGGGAC
ATTGAACGAATCATCATGCCTGGGGTGGTACATTGGCAGAGCCCCCATATGCACGCCTAC
TACCCAGCCCTCACCTCTTGGCCCTCCCTGCTAGGAGACATGCTGGCTGATGCCATCAAC
TGCTTGGGATTCACCTGGGCATCCAGCCCTGCGTGTACAGAGCTGGAGATGAACGTCATG
GACTGGTTGGCAAAAATGCTGGGACTTCCAGAGCACTTCTTGCACCACCACCCCAGCAGC
CAGGGCGGAGGCGTCCTGCAGCAGACGGTCAGTGAATCCACTTTGATTGCCCTGCTGGCA
GCAAGGAAGAACAAAATCCTGGAAATGAAAACGTCTGAGCCCGATGCTGATGAGTCCTGC
CTAAATGCCCGACTCGTGGCCTATGCCTCTGACCAGGCTCACTCCTCTGTGGAAAAGGCT
GGTTTGATTTCCCTTGTGAAGATGAAATTTCTGCCTGTGGATGACAACTTCTCACTCCGA
GGGGAAGCTCTTCAGAAGGCCATCGAGGAAGACAAGCAGCGGGGCTTGGTGCCCGTCTTT
GTCTGTGCAACACTAGGGACCACTGGGGTCTGTGCATTTGACTGCCTGTCAGAGCTGGGC
CCCATCTGTGCCCGTGAGGGGCTGTGGCTCCACATCGATGCTGCTTATGCAGGCACTGCC
TTCCTGTGCCCCGAGTTCCGGGGGTTTCTGAAGGGGATTGAGTATGCCGACTCCTTCACC
TTTAATCCTTCCAAGTGGATGATGGTGCATTTTGACTGTACTGGGTTCTGGGTCAAGGAC
AAGTACAAGCTGCAGCAGACCTTCAGTGTGAATCCCATCTACCTCAGGCATGCCAACTCA
GGCGTGGCCACCGACTTCATGCACTGGCAGATCCCCCTGAGCCGACGGTTTCGCTCTGTT
AAACTCTGGTTCGTGATTCGGTCCTTCGGGGTGAAGAATCTTCAAGCACATGTCAGACAT
GGTACTGAAATGGCTAAATATTTTGAATCTCTGGTCAGAAACGACCCTTCCTTTGAAATT
CCTGCCAAGAGGCACCTTGGCCTGGTGGTTTTTCGTCTAAAGGGTCCTAATTGTCTCACA
GAAAATGTGTTAAAGGAAATAGCTAAAGCTGGCCGTCTCTTCCTCATCCCGGCCACTATC
CAGGACAAGTTAATCATCCGTTTCACTGTGACATCCCAGTTTACCACTAGGGATGACATC
CTGAGAGACTGGAATCTCATTCGAGATGCTGCCACTCTCATCCTGAGTCAGCACTGTACT
TCCCAACCCAGCCCTCGGGTTGGGAACCTCATCTCCCAAATCAGGGGTGCCAGAGCCTGG
GCCTGTGGAACGTCCCTTCAGTCTGTCAGTGGGGCAGGAGATGATCCAGTCCAGGCCAGG
AAGATCATCAAGCAGCCTCAGCGTGTGGGAGCCGGTCCCATGAAAAGGGAAAATGGCCTC
CATCTTGAAACCCTGCTGGACCCAGTTGATGACTGCTTTTCAGAAGAGGCCCCAGATGCC
ACCAAGCACAAGCTGTCCTCCTTCCTGTTCAGTTACTTGTCTGTGCAGACTAAGAAGAAG
ACGGTGCGCTCCCTCAGTTGCAACAGTGTGCCAGTGAGTGCTCAGAAGCCACTGCCCACA
GAGGCCTCTGTGAAGAATGGGGGCTCCTCCAGGGTCAGAATCTTTTCCAGGTTTCCAGAA
GACATGATGATGCTGAAGAAAAGTGCCTTCAAAAAACTCATCAAATTCTACAGCGTCCCC
AGCTTTCCTGAATGCAGCTCTCAATGTGGACTCCAGCTGCCCTGTTGCCCTCTGCAGGCC
ATGGTTTAG

1. Yamauchi K, Sato R, Tanno Y, Ohkawara Y, Maeyama K, Watanabe T, Satoh K, Yoshizawa M, Shibahara S, Takishima T: Nucleotide sequence of the cDNA encoding L-histidine decarboxylase derived from human basophilic leukemia cell line, KU-812-F. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Oct 11;18(19):5891. [PubMed ]
2. Zahnow CA, Yi HF, McBride OW, Joseph DR: Cloning of the cDNA encoding human histidine decarboxylase from an erythroleukemia cell line and mapping of the gene locus to chromosome 15. DNA Seq. 1991;1(6):395-400. [PubMed ]
3. Mamune-Sato R, Yamauchi K, Tanno Y, Ohkawara Y, Ohtsu H, Katayose D, Maeyama K, Watanabe T, Shibahara S, Takishima T: Functional analysis of alternatively spliced transcripts of the human histidine decarboxylase gene and its expression in human tissues and basophilic leukemia cells. Eur J Biochem. 1992 Oct 15;209(2):533-9. [PubMed ]
4. Yatsunami K, Ohtsu H, Tsuchikawa M, Higuchi T, Ishibashi K, Shida A, Shima Y, Nakagawa S, Yamauchi K, Yamamoto M, et al.: Structure of the L-histidine decarboxylase gene. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jan 14;269(2):1554-9. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. Nagai K, Suda T, Kawasaki K, Mathuura S: Action of carnosine and beta-alanine on wound healing. Surgery. 1986 Nov;100(5):815-21. [PubMed ]

MSTRSVSSSSYRRMFGGPGTASRPSSSRSYVTTSTRTYSLGSALRPSTSRSLYASSPGGV
YATRSSAVRLRSSVPGVRLLQDSVDFSLADAINTEFKNTRTNEKVELQELNDRFANYIDK
VRFLEQQNKILLAELEQLKGQGKSRLGDLYEEEMRELRRQVDQLTNDKARVEVERDNLAE
DIMRLREKLQEEMLQREEAENTLQSFRQDVDNASLARLDLERKVESLQEEIAFLKKLHEE
EIQELQAQIQEQHVQIDVDVSKPDLTAALRDVRQQYESVAAKNLQEAEEWYKSKFADLSE
AANRNNDALRQAKQESTEYRRQVQSLTCEVDALKGTNESLERQMREMEENFAVEAANYQD
TIGRLQDEIQNMKEEMARHLREYQDLLNVKMALDIEIATYRKLLEGEESRISLPLPNFSS
LNLRETNLDSLPLVDTHSKRTLLIKTVETRDGQVINETSQHHDDLE

• Filament (PF00038 )
• Filament_head (PF04732 )

• None

• None

ATGTCCACCAGGTCCGTGTCCTCGTCCTCCTACCGCAGGATGTTCGGCGGCCCGGGCACC
GCGAGCCGGCCGAGCTCCAGCCGGAGCTACGTGACTACGTCCACCCGCACCTACAGCCTG
GGCAGCGCGCTGCGCCCCAGCACCAGCCGCAGCCTCTACGCCTCGTCCCCGGGCGGCGTG
TATGCCACGCGCTCCTCTGCCGTGCGCCTGCGGAGCAGCGTGCCCGGGGTGCGGCTCCTG
CAGGACTCGGTGGACTTCTCGCTGGCCGACGCCATCAACACCGAGTTCAAGAACACCCGC
ACCAACGAGAAGGTGGAGCTGCAGGAGCTGAATGACCGCTTCGCCAACTACATCGACAAG
GTGCGCTTCCTGGAGCAGCAGAATAAGATCCTGCTGGCCGAGCTCGAGCAGCTCAAGGGC
CAAGGCAAGTCGCGCCTGGGGGACCTCTACGAGGAGGAGATGCGGGAGCTGCGCCGGCAG
GTGGACCAGCTAACCAACGACAAAGCCCGCGTCGAGGTGGAGCGCGACAACCTGGCCGAG
GACATCATGCGCCTCCGGGAGAAATTGCAGGAGGAGATGCTTCAGAGAGAGGAAGCCGAA
AACACCCTGCAATCTTTCAGACAGGATGTTGACAATGCGTCTCTGGCACGTCTTGACCTT
GAACGCAAAGTGGAATCTTTGCAAGAAGAGATTGCCTTTTTGAAGAAACTCCACGAAGAG
GAAATCCAGGAGCTGCAGGCTCAGATTCAGGAACAGCATGTCCAAATCGATGTGGATGTT
TCCAAGCCTGACCTCACGGCTGCCCTGCGTGACGTACGTCAGCAATATGAAAGTGTGGCT
GCCAAGAACCTGCAGGAGGCAGAAGAATGGTACAAATCCAAGTTTGCTGACCTCTCTGAG
GCTGCCAACCGGAACAATGACGCCCTGCGCCAGGCAAAGCAGGAGTCCACTGAGTACCGG
AGACAGGTGCAGTCCCTCACCTGTGAAGTGGATGCCCTTAAAGGAACCAATGAGTCCCTG
GAACGCCAGATGCGTGAAATGGAAGAGAACTTTGCCGTTGAAGCTGCTAACTACCAAGAC
ACTATTGGCCGCCTGCAGGATGAGATTCAGAATATGAAGGAGGAAATGGCTCGTCACCTT
CGTGAATACCAAGACCTGCTCAATGTTAAGATGGCCCTTGACATTGAGATTGCCACCTAC
AGGAAGCTGCTGGAAGGCGAGGAGAGCAGGATTTCTCTGCCTCTTCCAAACTTTTCCTCC
CTGAACCTGAGGGAAACTAATCTGGATTCACTCCCTCTGGTTGATACCCACTCAAAAAGG
ACACTTCTGATTAAGACGGTTGAAACTAGAGATGGACAGGTTATCAACGAAACTTCTCAG
CATCACGATGACCTTGAATAA

1. Ferrari S, Battini R, Kaczmarek L, Rittling S, Calabretta B, de Riel JK, Philiponis V, Wei JF, Baserga R: Coding sequence and growth regulation of the human vimentin gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Nov;6(11):3614-20. [PubMed ]
2. Honore B, Madsen P, Basse B, Andersen A, Walbum E, Celis JE, Leffers H: Nucleotide sequence of cDNA covering the complete coding part of the human vimentin gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Nov 25;18(22):6692. [PubMed ]
3. Hartmann TB, Thiel D, Dummer R, Schadendorf D, Eichmuller S: SEREX identification of new tumour-associated antigens in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Br J Dermatol. 2004 Feb;150(2):252-8. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Sommers CL, Walker-Jones D, Heckford SE, Worland P, Valverius E, Clark R, McCormick F, Stampfer M, Abularach S, Gelmann EP: Vimentin rather than keratin expression in some hormone-independent breast cancer cell lines and in oncogene-transformed mammary epithelial cells. Cancer Res. 1989 Aug 1;49(15):4258-63. [PubMed ]
8. Rasmussen RK, Ji H, Eddes JS, Moritz RL, Reid GE, Simpson RJ, Dorow DS: Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of human breast carcinoma proteins: mapping of proteins that bind to the SH3 domain of mixed lineage kinase MLK2. Electrophoresis. 1997 Mar-Apr;18(3-4):588-98. [PubMed ]
9. Perreau J, Lilienbaum A, Vasseur M, Paulin D: Nucleotide sequence of the human vimentin gene and regulation of its transcription in tissues and cultured cells. Gene. 1988;62(1):7-16. [PubMed ]
10. Gupta AK, Aubin JE, Waye MM: Isolation of a human vimentin cDNA with a long 3'-noncoding region from a human osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63). Gene. 1990 Feb 14;86(2):303-4. [PubMed ]
11. Matsuzawa K, Kosako H, Inagaki N, Shibata H, Mukai H, Ono Y, Amano M, Kaibuchi K, Matsuura Y, Azuma I, Inagaki M: Domain-specific phosphorylation of vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein by PKN. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 May 29;234(3):621-5. [PubMed ]
12. Eriksson JE, He T, Trejo-Skalli AV, Harmala-Brasken AS, Hellman J, Chou YH, Goldman RD: Specific in vivo phosphorylation sites determine the assembly dynamics of vimentin intermediate filaments. J Cell Sci. 2004 Feb 29;117(Pt 6):919-32. Epub 2004 Feb 3. [PubMed ]
13. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed ]
14. Kang SM, Shin MJ, Kim JH, Oh JW: Proteomic profiling of cellular proteins interacting with the hepatitis C virus core protein. Proteomics. 2005 May;5(8):2227-37. [PubMed ]
15. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
16. Beausoleil SA, Villen J, Gerber SA, Rush J, Gygi SP: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Oct;24(10):1285-92. Epub 2006 Sep 10. [PubMed ]
17. Nousiainen M, Sillje HH, Sauer G, Nigg EA, Korner R: Phosphoproteome analysis of the human mitotic spindle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 4;103(14):5391-6. Epub 2006 Mar 24. [PubMed ]
18. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed ]
19. Yu LR, Zhu Z, Chan KC, Issaq HJ, Dimitrov DS, Veenstra TD: Improved titanium dioxide enrichment of phosphopeptides from HeLa cells and high confident phosphopeptide identification by cross-validation of MS/MS and MS/MS/MS spectra. J Proteome Res. 2007 Nov;6(11):4150-62. Epub 2007 Oct 9. [PubMed ]
20. Molina H, Horn DM, Tang N, Mathivanan S, Pandey A: Global proteomic profiling of phosphopeptides using electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2199-204. Epub 2007 Feb 7. [PubMed ]
21. Wang B, Malik R, Nigg EA, Korner R: Evaluation of the low-specificity protease elastase for large-scale phosphoproteome analysis. Anal Chem. 2008 Dec 15;80(24):9526-33. [PubMed ]
22. Cantin GT, Yi W, Lu B, Park SK, Xu T, Lee JD, Yates JR 3rd: Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis. J Proteome Res. 2008 Mar;7(3):1346-51. Epub 2008 Jan 26. [PubMed ]
23. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed ]
24. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
25. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
26. Oppermann FS, Gnad F, Olsen JV, Hornberger R, Greff Z, Keri G, Mann M, Daub H: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009 Jul;8(7):1751-64. Epub 2009 Apr 15. [PubMed ]
27. Ahmed BA, Bukhari IA, Jeffus BC, Harney JT, Thyparambil S, Ziu E, Fraer M, Rusch NJ, Zimniak P, Lupashin V, Tang D, Kilic F: The cellular distribution of serotonin transporter is impeded on serotonin-altered vimentin network. PLoS One. 2009;4(3):e4730. Epub 2009 Mar 9. [PubMed ]
28. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
29. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
30. Strelkov SV, Herrmann H, Geisler N, Lustig A, Ivaninskii S, Zimbelmann R, Burkhard P, Aebi U: Divide-and-conquer crystallographic approach towards an atomic structure of intermediate filaments. J Mol Biol. 2001 Mar 2;306(4):773-81. [PubMed ]
31. Strelkov SV, Herrmann H, Geisler N, Wedig T, Zimbelmann R, Aebi U, Burkhard P: Conserved segments 1A and 2B of the intermediate filament dimer: their atomic structures and role in filament assembly. EMBO J. 2002 Mar 15;21(6):1255-66. [PubMed ]

1. Hipkiss AR: Could carnosine or related structures suppress Alzheimer's disease? J Alzheimers Dis. 2007 May;11(2):229-40. [PubMed ]

1. Heat shock 70 kDa protein 1/2
2. HSP70-1/HSP70-2
3. HSP70.1/HSP70.2

MAKAAAIGIDLGTTYSCVGVFQHGKVEIIANDQGNRTTPSYVAFTDTERLIGDAAKNQVA
LNPQNTVFDAKRLIGRKFGDPVVQSDMKHWPFQVINDGDKPKVQVSYKGETKAFYPEEIS
SMVLTKMKEIAEAYLGYPVTNAVITVPAYFNDSQRQATKDAGVIAGLNVLRIINEPTAAA
IAYGLDRTGKGERNVLIFDLGGGTFDVSILTIDDGIFEVKATAGDTHLGGEDFDNRLVNH
FVEEFKRKHKKDISQNKRAVRRLRTACERAKRTLSSSTQASLEIDSLFEGIDFYTSITRA
RFEELCSDLFRSTLEPVEKALRDAKLDKAQIHDLVLVGGSTRIPKVQKLLQDFFNGRDLN
KSINPDEAVAYGAAVQAAILMGDKSENVQDLLLLDVAPLSLGLETAGGVMTALIKRNSTI
PTKQTQIFTTYSDNQPGVLIQVYEGERAMTKDNNLLGRFELSGIPPAPRGVPQIEVTFDI
DANGILNVTATDKSTGKANKITITNDKGRLSKEEIERMVQEAEKYKAEDEVQRERVSAKN
ALESYAFNMKSAVEDEGLKGKISEADKKKVLDKCQEVISWLDANTLAEKDEFEHKRKELE
QVCNPIISGLYQGAGGPGPGGFGAQGPKGGSGSGPTIEEVD

• HSP70 (PF00012 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCAAAGCCGCGGCGATCGGCATCGACCTGGGCACCACCTACTCCTGCGTGGGGGTG
TTCCAACACGGCAAGGTGGAGATCATCGCCAACGACCAGGGCAACCGCACCACCCCCAGC
TACGTGGCCTTCACGGACACCGAGCGGCTCATCGGGGATGCGGCCAAGAACCAGGTGGCG
CTGAACCCGCAGAACACCGTGTTTGACGCGAAGCGGCTGATCGGCCGCAAGTTCGGCGAC
CCGGTGGTGCAGTCGGACATGAAGCACTGGCCTTTCCAGGTGATCAACGACGGAGACAAG
CCCAAGGTGCAGGTGAGCTACAAGGGGGAGACCAAGGCATTCTACCCCGAGGAGATCTCG
TCCATGGTGCTGACCAAGATGAAGGAGATCGCCGAGGCGTACCTGGGCTACCCGGTGACC
AACGCGGTGATCACCGTGCCGGCCTACTTCAACGACTCGCAGCGCCAGGCCACCAAGGAT
GCGGGTGTGATCGCGGGGCTCAACGTGCTGCGGATCATCAACGAGCCCACGGCCGCCGCC
ATCGCCTACGGCCTGGACAGAACGGGCAAGGGGGAGCGCAACGTGCTCATCTTTGACCTG
GGCGGGGGCACCTTCGACGTGTCCATCCTGACGATCGACGACGGCATCTTCGAGGTGAAG
GCCACGGCCGGGGACACCCACCTGGGTGGGGAGGACTTTGACAACAGGCTGGTGAACCAC
TTCGTGGAGGAGTTCAAGAGAAAACACAAGAAGGACATCAGCCAGAACAAGCGAGCCGTG
AGGCGGCTGCGCACCGCCTGCGAGAGGGCCAAGAGGACCCTGTCGTCCAGCACCCAGGCC
AGCCTGGAGATCGACTCCCTGTTTGAGGGCATCGACTTCTACACGTCCATCACCAGGGCG
AGGTTCGAGGAGCTGTGCTCCGACCTGTTCCGAAGCACCCTGGAGCCCGTGGAGAAGGCT
CTGCGCGACGCCAAGCTGGACAAGGCCCAGATTCACGACCTGGTCCTGGTCGGGGGCTCC
ACCCGCATCCCCAAGGTGCAGAAGCTGCTGCAGGACTTCTTCAACGGGCGCGACCTGAAC
AAGAGCATCAACCCCGACGAGGCTGTGGCCTACGGGGCGGCGGTGCAGGCGGCCATCCTG
ATGGGGGACAAGTCCGAGAACGTGCAGGACCTGCTGCTGCTGGACGTGGCTCCCCTGTCG
CTGGGGCTGGAGACGGCCGGAGGCGTGATGACTGCCCTGATCAAGCGCAACTCCACCATC
CCCACCAAGCAGACGCAGATCTTCACCACCTACTCCGACAACCAACCCGGGGTGCTGATC
CAGGTGTACGAGGGCGAGAGGGCCATGACGAAAGACAACAATCTGTTGGGGCGCTTCGAG
CTGAGCGGCATCCCTCCGGCCCCCAGGGGCGTGCCCCAGATCGAGGTGACCTTCGACATC
GATGCCAACGGCATCCTGAACGTCACGGCCACGGACAAGAGCACCGGCAAGGCCAACAAG
ATCACCATCACCAACGACAAGGGCCGCCTGAGCAAGGAGGAGATCGAGCGCATGGTGCAG
GAGGCGGAGAAGTACAAAGCGGAGGACGAGGTGCAGCGCGAGAGGGTGTCAGCCAAGAAC
GCCCTGGAGTCCTACGCCTTCAACATGAAGAGCGCCGTGGAGGATGAGGGGCTCAAGGGC
AAGATCAGCGAGGCGGACAAGAAGAAGGTTCTGGACAAGTGTCAAGAGGTCATCTCGTGG
CTGGACGCCAACACCTTGGCCGAGAAGGACGAGTTTGAGCACAAGAGGAAGGAGCTGGAG
CAGGTGTGTAACCCCATCATCAGCGGACTGTACCAGGGTGCCGGTGGTCCCGGGCCTGGG
GGCTTCGGGGCTCAGGGTCCCAAGGGAGGGTCTGGGTCAGGCCCCACCATTGAGGAGGTG
GATTAG

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5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Sargent CA, Dunham I, Trowsdale J, Campbell RD: Human major histocompatibility complex contains genes for the major heat shock protein HSP70. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Mar;86(6):1968-72. [PubMed ]
7. Drabent B, Genthe A, Benecke BJ: In vitro transcription of a human hsp 70 heat shock gene by extracts prepared from heat-shocked and non-heat-shocked human cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Nov 25;14(22):8933-48. [PubMed ]
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9. Brychzy A, Rein T, Winklhofer KF, Hartl FU, Young JC, Obermann WM: Cofactor Tpr2 combines two TPR domains and a J domain to regulate the Hsp70/Hsp90 chaperone system. EMBO J. 2003 Jul 15;22(14):3613-23. [PubMed ]
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1. Wada I, Otaka M, Jin M, Odashima M, Komatsu K, Konishi N, Matsuhashi T, Horikawa Y, Ohba R, Itoh H, Watanabe S: Expression of HSP72 in the gastric mucosa is regulated by gastric acid in rats-correlation of HSP72 expression with mucosal protection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Oct 20;349(2):611-8. Epub 2006 Aug 23. [PubMed ]

1. Kidney H(+)/peptide cotransporter
2. Oligopeptide transporter, kidney isoform
3. Peptide transporter 2

MNPFQKNESKETLFSPVSIEEVPPRPPSPPKKPSPTICGSNYPLSIAFIVVNEFCERFSY
YGMKAVLILYFLYFLHWNEDTSTSIYHAFSSLCYFTPILGAAIADSWLGKFKTIIYLSLV
YVLGHVIKSLGALPILGGQVVHTVLSLIGLSLIALGTGGIKPCVAAFGGDQFEEKHAEER
TRYFSVFYLSINAGSLISTFITPMLRGDVQCFGEDCYALAFGVPGLLMVIALVVFAMGSK
IYNKPPPEGNIVAQVFKCIWFAISNRFKNRSGDIPKRQHWLDWAAEKYPKQLIMDVKALT
RVLFLYIPLPMFWALLDQQGSRWTLQAIRMNRNLGFFVLQPDQMQVLNPLLVLIFIPLFD
FVIYRLVSKCGINFSSLRKMAVGMILACLAFAVAAAVEIKINEMAPAQPGPQEVFLQVLN
LADDEVKVTVVGNENNSLLIESIKSFQKTPHYSKLHLKTKSQDFHFHLKYHNLSLYTEHS
VQEKNWYSLVIREDGNSISSMMVKDTESRTTNGMTTVRFVNTLHKDVNISLSTDTSLNVG
EDYGVSAYRTVQRGEYPAVHCRTEDKNFSLNLGLLDFGAAYLFVITNNTNQGLQAWKIED
IPANKMSIAWQLPQYALVTAGEVMFSVTGLEFSYSQAPSSMKSVLQAAWLLTIAVGNIIV
LVVAQFSGLVQWAEFILFSCLLLVICLIFSIMGYYYVPVKTEDMRGPADKHIPHIQGNMI
KLETKKTKL

• PTR2 (PF00854 )

• None

• 58-78 88-108 115-135 140-160 184-204 218-238 296-316 344-364 381-401 568-588 612-632 644-664 675-695

ATGAATCCTTTCCAGAAAAATGAGTCCAAGGAAACTCTTTTTTCACCTGTCTCCATTGAA
GAGGTACCACCTCGACCACCTAGCCCTCCAAAGAAGCCATCTCCGACAATCTGTGGCTCC
AACTATCCACTGAGCATTGCCTTCATTGTGGTGAATGAATTCTGCGAGCGCTTTTCCTAT
TATGGAATGAAAGCTGTGCTGATCCTGTATTTCCTGTATTTCCTGCACTGGAATGAAGAT
ACCTCCACATCTATATACCATGCCTTCAGCAGCCTCTGTTATTTTACTCCCATCCTGGGA
GCAGCCATTGCTGACTCGTGGTTGGGAAAATTCAAGACAATCATCTATCTCTCCTTGGTG
TATGTGCTTGGCCATGTGATCAAGTCCTTGGGTGCCTTACCAATACTGGGAGGACAAGTG
GTACACACAGTCCTATCATTGATCGGCCTGAGTCTAATAGCTTTGGGGACAGGAGGCATC
AAACCCTGTGTGGCAGCTTTTGGTGGAGACCAGTTTGAAGAAAAACATGCAGAGGAACGG
ACTAGATACTTCTCAGTCTTCTACCTGTCCATCAATGCAGGGAGCTTGATTTCTACATTT
ATCACACCCATGCTGAGAGGAGATGTGCAATGTTTTGGAGAAGACTGCTATGCATTGGCT
TTTGGAGTTCCAGGACTGCTCATGGTAATTGCACTTGTTGTGTTTGCAATGGGAAGCAAA
ATATACAATAAACCACCCCCTGAAGGAAACATAGTGGCTCAAGTTTTCAAATGTATCTGG
TTTGCTATTTCCAATCGTTTCAAGAACCGTTCTGGAGACATTCCAAAGCGACAGCACTGG
CTAGACTGGGCGGCTGAGAAATATCCAAAGCAGCTCATTATGGATGTAAAGGCACTGACC
AGGGTACTATTCCTTTATATCCCATTGCCCATGTTCTGGGCTCTTTTGGATCAGCAGGGT
TCACGATGGACTTTGCAAGCCATCAGGATGAATAGGAATTTGGGGTTTTTTGTGCTTCAG
CCGGACCAGATGCAGGTTCTAAATCCCCTTCTGGTTCTTATCTTCATCCCGTTGTTTGAC
TTTGTCATTTATCGTCTGGTCTCCAAGTGTGGAATTAACTTCTCATCACTTAGGAAAATG
GCTGTTGGTATGATCCTAGCATGCCTGGCATTTGCAGTTGCGGCAGCTGTAGAGATAAAA
ATAAATGAAATGGCCCCAGCCCAGCCAGGTCCCCAGGAGGTTTTCCTACAAGTCTTGAAT
CTGGCAGATGATGAGGTGAAGGTGACAGTGGTGGGAAATGAAAACAATTCTCTGTTGATA
GAGTCCATCAAATCCTTTCAGAAAACACCACACTATTCCAAACTGCACCTGAAAACAAAA
AGCCAGGATTTTCACTTCCACCTGAAATATCACAATTTGTCTCTCTACACTGAGCATTCT
GTGCAGGAGAAGAACTGGTACAGTCTTGTCATTCGTGAAGATGGGAACAGTATCTCCAGC
ATGATGGTAAAGGATACAGAAAGCAGAACAACCAATGGGATGACAACCGTGAGGTTTGTT
AACACTTTGCATAAAGATGTCAACATCTCCCTGAGTACAGATACCTCTCTCAATGTTGGT
GAAGACTATGGTGTGTCTGCTTATAGAACTGTGCAAAGAGGAGAATACCCTGCAGTGCAC
TGTAGAACAGAAGATAAGAACTTTTCTCTGAATTTGGGTCTTCTAGACTTTGGTGCAGCA
TATCTGTTTGTTATTACTAATAACACCAATCAGGGTCTTCAGGCCTGGAAGATTGAAGAC
ATTCCAGCCAACAAAATGTCCATTGCGTGGCAGCTACCACAATATGCCCTGGTTACAGCT
GGGGAGGTCATGTTCTCTGTCACAGGTCTTGAGTTTTCTTATTCTCAGGCTCCCTCTAGC
ATGAAATCTGTGCTCCAGGCAGCTTGGCTATTGACAATTGCAGTTGGGAATATCATCGTG
CTTGTTGTGGCACAGTTCAGTGGCCTGGTACAGTGGGCCGAATTCATTTTGTTTTCCTGC
CTCCTGCTGGTGATCTGCCTGATCTTCTCCATCATGGGCTACTACTATGTTCCTGTAAAG
ACAGAGGATATGCGGGGTCCAGCAGATAAGCACATTCCTCACATCCAGGGGAACATGATC
AAACTAGAGACCAAGAAGACAAAACTCTGA

1. Liu W, Liang R, Ramamoorthy S, Fei YJ, Ganapathy ME, Hediger MA, Ganapathy V, Leibach FH: Molecular cloning of PEPT 2, a new member of the H+/peptide cotransporter family, from human kidney. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 May 4;1235(2):461-6. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]

1. Teuscher NS, Keep RF, Smith DE: PEPT2-mediated uptake of neuropeptides in rat choroid plexus. Pharm Res. 2001 Jun;18(6):807-13. [PubMed ]