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Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2007-04-12 16:23:06 UTC
Update Date2021-10-13 04:47:40 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0005869
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB05869
Metabolite Identification
Common Name3,3'-Diiodothyronine
Description3,3'-Diiodothyronine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylalanine and derivatives. Phenylalanine and derivatives are compounds containing phenylalanine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of phenylalanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. 3,3'-Diiodothyronine has been detected, but not quantified in, a few different foods, such as anatidaes (Anatidae), chickens (Gallus gallus), and domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica). This could make 3,3'-diiodothyronine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on 3,3'-Diiodothyronine.
Structure
Data?1582752368
Synonyms
ValueSource
3,3'-diiodo-L-ThyronineHMDB
3,3'-T2HMDB
3-[4-(4-Hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3-iodophenyl]-L-alanineHMDB
L-3-[4-(4-Hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3-iodophenyl]-alanineHMDB
L-beta-[4-(4-Hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3-iodophenyl]-alanineHMDB
O-(4-Hydroxy-3-iodophenyl)-3-iodo-L-tyrosineHMDB
O-(4-Hydroxy-3-iodophenyl)-3-iodo-tyrosineHMDB
O-(4-Hydroxy-3-iodophenyl)-3-iodotyrosineHMDB
3,3'-Diiodothyronine, (L)-isomerMeSH, HMDB
3,3'-Diiodothyronine, (L)-isomer, 125I-labeledMeSH, HMDB
3,3'-Diiodothyronine, (DL)-isomerMeSH, HMDB
(2R)-2-Amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3-iodophenyl]propanoateGenerator, HMDB
3,3'-DiiodothyronineMeSH
Chemical FormulaC15H13I2NO4
Average Molecular Weight525.077
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight524.893394749
IUPAC Name(2R)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3-iodophenyl]propanoic acid
Traditional Name3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine
CAS Registry Number70-40-6
SMILES
N[C@H](CC1=CC(I)=C(OC2=CC(I)=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C15H13I2NO4/c16-10-7-9(2-3-13(10)19)22-14-4-1-8(5-11(14)17)6-12(18)15(20)21/h1-5,7,12,19H,6,18H2,(H,20,21)/t12-/m1/s1
InChI KeyCPCJBZABTUOGNM-GFCCVEGCSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylalanine and derivatives. Phenylalanine and derivatives are compounds containing phenylalanine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of phenylalanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentPhenylalanine and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Phenylalanine or derivatives
  • Diphenylether
  • Diaryl ether
  • 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
  • Alpha-amino acid
  • Amphetamine or derivatives
  • D-alpha-amino acid
  • Phenoxy compound
  • 2-iodophenol
  • 2-halophenol
  • Phenol ether
  • Iodobenzene
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Halobenzene
  • Phenol
  • Aralkylamine
  • Aryl iodide
  • Aryl halide
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Amino acid
  • Ether
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Organoiodide
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Amine
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling Point256.00 to 258.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm HgThe Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility0.072 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
LogP6.053 (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.058 g/LALOGPS
logP0.46ALOGPS
logP1.87ChemAxon
logS-4ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)0.75ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.5ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area92.78 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity100.06 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability38.43 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+194.96530932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-191.83130932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-227.3930932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+203.6830932474
AllCCS[M+H]+195.832859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+193.732859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+197.732859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+198.232859911
AllCCS[M-H]-182.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-183.232859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-184.432859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
3,3'-DiiodothyronineN[C@H](CC1=CC(I)=C(OC2=CC(I)=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(O)=O4409.9Standard polar33892256
3,3'-DiiodothyronineN[C@H](CC1=CC(I)=C(OC2=CC(I)=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(O)=O3270.5Standard non polar33892256
3,3'-DiiodothyronineN[C@H](CC1=CC(I)=C(OC2=CC(I)=C(O)C=C2)C=C1)C(O)=O3380.5Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@@H](N)C(=O)O)C=C2I)C=C1I3271.2Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](N)CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C13208.0Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,1TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O3226.4Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](N)CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C13234.6Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O3224.3Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,2TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C3174.8Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,2TMS,isomer #4C[Si](C)(C)N([C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C3320.3Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C3209.7Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C2998.6Standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C3058.5Standard polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2I)C=C1I3328.9Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2I)C=C1I3152.1Standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C2I)C=C1I3210.9Standard polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C3287.9Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C3104.8Standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C3211.1Standard polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C3375.8Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C3124.4Standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C2955.5Standard polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@@H](N)C(=O)O)C=C2I)C=C1I3554.1Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](N)CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C13498.2Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,1TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O3527.5Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](N)CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C13773.1Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O3812.2Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,2TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3740.2Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,2TBDMS,isomer #4CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N([C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3837.2Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3989.4Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3642.8Standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3350.0Standard polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2I)C=C1I4094.1Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2I)C=C1I3719.5Standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(C[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C2I)C=C1I3410.5Standard polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4051.1Semi standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3696.5Standard non polar33892256
3,3'-Diiodothyronine,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3405.3Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-004i-6031920000-71c3f9fd5d3525d323242017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0udr-9220062000-622a98eee44fd2a653d52017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0000980000-858065ad3e75dc6659f22017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0000910000-a2dcc5e08cee0881ad4e2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0fr6-0090400000-a070e8cbcc117f994f6c2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00di-0000090000-65d3cc7d62473f25536e2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-05gi-0041490000-5c480959f3bd3dc4837a2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0pir-8394100000-89e4e80d17cbdfd7d9e42017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0000970000-81a694fc24040341b7242021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0001900000-ad927620975a1b7603822021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0005-0092100000-8085fd591d50843db9fa2021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00di-0000290000-d0a979f9285e9d348d712021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0229-2101950000-c313cc0aa358b2f363742021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 3,3'-Diiodothyronine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004i-0912000000-9f2ef8ddde02d9a68c1a2021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular LocationsNot Available
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB023783
KNApSAcK IDC00037453
Chemspider IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia Link3,3'-Diiodothyronine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound53477796
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID35430
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1344191
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Jaedig S, Faber J: The effect of starvation and refeeding with oral versus intravenous glucose on serum 3,5-,3,3'-and 3'-5'-diiodothyronine and 3'-monoiodothyronine. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1982 Jul;100(3):388-92. [PubMed:7113605 ]
  2. Corcoran JM, Eastman CJ: Measurement of 3'-monoiodothyronine in human serum. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1981 Jul;15(1):11-8. [PubMed:7307281 ]
  3. Gavin LA, Bui F, McMahon F, Cavalieri RR: Sequential deiodination of thyroxine to 3,3'-diiodothyronine via 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine in rat liver homogenate. The effects of fasting versus glucose feeding. J Biol Chem. 1980 Jan 10;255(1):49-54. [PubMed:7350162 ]
  4. Sorimachi K, Niwa A, Yasumura Y: Metabolism of 3,3'-Diiodothyronine and 3'-monoiodothyronine, and effect of potassium cyanide and dinitrophenol and glucuronidation of thyroxine in cultured rat hepatoma cells. Endocrinol Jpn. 1980 Oct;27(5):631-6. [PubMed:7238420 ]
  5. Campos-Barros A, Meinhold H, Stula M, Muller F, Kohler R, Eravci M, Putzien O, Baumgartner A: The influence of desipramine on thyroid hormone metabolism in rat brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1994 Mar;268(3):1143-52. [PubMed:8138928 ]
  6. Burman KD, Strum D, Dimond RC, Djuh YY, Wright FD, Earll JM, Wartofsky L: A radioimmunoassay for 3,3'-L-diiodothyronine (3,3'T2). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1977 Aug;45(2):339-52. [PubMed:407243 ]
  7. Dickstein Y, Schwartz H, Gross J, Gordon A: The metabolism of T4 and T3 in cultured chick-embryo heart cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1980 Oct;20(1):45-57. [PubMed:7439522 ]
  8. Burman KD, Dimond RC, Djuh YY, Bruton J, Washburn TB, Wright FD, Wartofsky L: Failure of 3,3'-diiodothyronine administration to alter TSH and prolactin responses to TRH stimulation. Metabolism. 1978 Jun;27(6):677-83. [PubMed:418309 ]
  9. Esfandiari A, Gavaret JM, Lennon AM, Pierre M, Courtin F: Sulfation after deiodination of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in rat cultured astrocytes. Endocrinology. 1994 Nov;135(5):2086-92. [PubMed:7956931 ]
  10. Baumgartner A, Campos-Barros A, Gaio U, Hessenius C, Flechner A, Meinhold H: Carbamazepine affects triiodothyronine production and metabolization in rat hippocampus. Life Sci. 1994;54(23):PL401-7. [PubMed:8196483 ]
  11. Burman KD: Recent developments in thyroid hormone metabolism: interpretation and significance of measurements of reverse T3, 3,3'T2, and thyroglobulin. Metabolism. 1978 May;27(5):615-30. [PubMed:642830 ]
  12. Nishikawa M, Inada M, Naito K, Ishii H, Tanaka K, Mashio Y, Imura H: Age-related changes of serum 3,3'-diiodothyronine, 3',5'-diiodothyronine, and 3,5-diiodothyronine concentrations in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1981 Mar;52(3):517-22. [PubMed:7462404 ]
  13. Burman KD, Read J, Dimond RC, Strum D, Wright FD, Patow W, Earll JM, Wartofsky L: Measurement of 3,3',5'-Triiodothyroinine (reverse T3), 3,3'-L-diiodothyronine, T3 and T4 in human amniotic fluid and in cord and maternal serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1976 Dec;43(6):1351-9. [PubMed:826545 ]
  14. Langer P, Foldes O, Straussova K, Gschwendtova K: Preliminary observations on the absorption of biliary iodothyronines from the intestine in vivo in rats. Endocrinol Exp. 1982 Jun;16(2):117-27. [PubMed:6980784 ]
  15. Smallridge RC, Wartofsky L, Chopra IJ, Marinelli PV, Broughton RE, Dimond RC, Burman KD: Neonatal thyrotoxicosis: alterations in serum concentrations of LATS-protector, T4, T3, reverse T3, and 3,3'T2. J Pediatr. 1978 Jul;93(1):118-20. [PubMed:650321 ]