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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for cis-Aconitic acid (HMDB00072)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2009-05-28 13:51:25
Accession Number HMDB00072
Secondary Accession Numbers HMDB00461
Common Name cis-Aconitic acid
Description An intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle produced by the dehydration of citric acid. The enzyme aconitase (aconitate hydratase; EC 4.2.1.3) catalyses the stereo-specific isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle
Synonyms
  1. (1Z)-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
  2. (1Z)-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
  3. (Z)-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
  4. (Z)-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
  5. (Z)-Aconitate
  6. (Z)-Aconitic acid
  7. 1-cis-2,3-Propenetricarboxylate
  8. 1-cis-2,3-Propenetricarboxylic acid
  9. 1-propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
  10. 1-propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
  11. cis-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
  12. cis-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
  13. cis-Aconate
  14. cis-Aconic acid
  15. cis-Aconitate
  16. cis-Aconitic acid
  17. cis-Oxaloacetate
  18. cis-Oxaloacetic acid
Chemical IUPAC Name (1Z)-1-Propene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
Chemical Formula C6H6O6
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Organic acids
Class
  • Tricarboxylic Acids
Sub Class
  • Short chain tricarboxylic acids
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • carboxylic acid
  • alkene
Biofunction
  • Component of Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
Application
—
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 174.108
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 174.016434
Isomeric SMILES OC(=O)CC(=CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
Canonical SMILES OC(=O)CC(=CC(O)=O)C(O)=O
KEGG Compound ID C00417 Link Image
BioCyc ID CIS-ACONITATE Link Image
BiGG ID Not Available
Wikipedia Link Not Available
NuGOwiki Link HMDB00072 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB00072 Link Image
METLIN ID 5130 Link Image
PubChem Compound 309 Link Image
PubChem Substance 3707 Link Image
ChEBI ID 32805 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 585-84-2
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C6H6O6/c7-4(8)1-3(6(11)12)2-5(9)10/h1H,2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12)/b3-1-
Synthesis Reference Gutierrez, Eddie N.; Lamberti, Vincent. cis and trans Aconitic acids and their salts. U.S. (1978), 16 pp.
Melting Point (Experimental) 125 oC
Experimental Water Solubility 400.0 mg/mL [BEILSTEIN] Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 6.72 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge -3
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity -0.41 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; -1.1 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP]; -0.14 [MEYLAN,WM & HOWARD,PH (1995)] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show
SDF File Show
PDB File Show
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Varian)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum
Low Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Medium Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
High Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Not Available
BMRB Spectrum Not Available
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm
Biofluid Location
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Urine
Tissue Location Not Available
Concentrations (Normal)
Biofluid CSF
Value 20.0 (13.0-27.0) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Redjems-Bennani N, Jeandel C, Lefebvre E, Blain H, Vidailhet M, Gueant JL: Abnormal substrate levels that depend upon mitochondrial function in cerebrospinal fluid from Alzheimer patients. Gerontology. 1998;44(5):300-4. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 54.5 (32.4-76.6) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Children:1-13 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Boulat O, Gradwohl M, Matos V, Guignard JP, Bachmann C: Organic acids in the second morning urine in a healthy Swiss paediatric population. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003 Dec;41(12):1642-58. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 67.9 (14.3-100.7) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Newborn:0-30 days old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Guneral F, Bachmann C: Age-related reference values for urinary organic acids in a healthy Turkish pediatric population. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):862-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 73.8 (64.0-130.3) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Infant:0-1 yr old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Guneral F, Bachmann C: Age-related reference values for urinary organic acids in a healthy Turkish pediatric population. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):862-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 37.9 (17.3-63.3) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Children:1-13 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Guneral F, Bachmann C: Age-related reference values for urinary organic acids in a healthy Turkish pediatric population. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):862-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 29.8 (14.7-93.1) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adolescent:13-18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Guneral F, Bachmann C: Age-related reference values for urinary organic acids in a healthy Turkish pediatric population. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):862-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Urine
Value 499 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Male
Patient information Normal
Comments Based on one measurement
References
  • Shaykhutdinov RA, MacInnis GD, Dowlatabadi R, Weljie AM, Vogel HJ. Quantitative analysis of metabolite concentrations in human urine samples using 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy. Metabolomics. 2009
Concentrations (Abnormal)
Biofluid Urine
Value 32.0 (0.0-70.0) umol/mmol creatinine
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Lung Cancer
Comments Not Available
References
  • HMP experimental
Associated Disorders
Condition References
Lung Cancer
  • HMP experimental
OMIM ID
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Citric Acid Cycle SMP00057 Link Image map00020 Link Image
General References
  1. Swart PJ, Kuipers EM, Smit C, Van Der Strate BW, Harmsen MC, Meijer DK: Lactoferrin. Antiviral activity of lactoferrin. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1998;443:205-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Stromme JH, Borud O, Moe PJ: Fatal lactic acidosis in a newborn attributable to a congenital defect of pyruvate dehydrogenase. Pediatr Res. 1976 Jan;10(1):62-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Boulat O, Gradwohl M, Matos V, Guignard JP, Bachmann C: Organic acids in the second morning urine in a healthy Swiss paediatric population. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003 Dec;41(12):1642-58. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Guneral F, Bachmann C: Age-related reference values for urinary organic acids in a healthy Turkish pediatric population. Clin Chem. 1994 Jun;40(6):862-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Redjems-Bennani N, Jeandel C, Lefebvre E, Blain H, Vidailhet M, Gueant JL: Abnormal substrate levels that depend upon mitochondrial function in cerebrospinal fluid from Alzheimer patients. Gerontology. 1998;44(5):300-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Swart PJ, Kuipers ME, Smit C, Pauwels R, deBethune MP, de Clercq E, Meijer DK, Huisman JG: Antiviral effects of milk proteins: acylation results in polyanionic compounds with potent activity against human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 in vitro. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1996 Jun 10;12(9):769-75. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Matsuishi T, Urabe F, Percy AK, Komori H, Yamashita Y, Schultz RS, Ohtani Y, Kuriya N, Kato H: Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism in cerebrospinal fluid in Rett syndrome. J Child Neurol. 1994 Jan;9(1):26-30. [PubMed Link Image]
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor
  2. Iron-responsive element-binding protein 1
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 6000
Enzyme 1 Name Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 1 Synonyms
  1. Citrate hydro-lyase
  2. Aconitase
Enzyme 1 Gene Name ACO2
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor 
MAPYSLLVTRLQKALGVRQYHVASVLCQRAKVAMSHFEPNEYIHYDLLEKNINIVRKRLN
RPLTLSEKIVYGHLDDPASQEIERGKSYLRLRPDRVAMQDATAQMAMLQFISSGLSKVAV
PSTIHCDHLIEAQVGGEKDLRRAKDINQEVYNFLATAGAKYGVGFWKPGSGIIHQIILEN
YAYPGVLLIGTDSHTPNGGGLGGICIGVGGADAVDVMAGIPWELKCPKVIGVKLTGSLSG
WSSPKDVILKVAGILTVKGGTGAIVEYHGPGVDSISCTGMATICNMGAEIGATTSVFPYN
HRMKKYLSKTGREDIANLADEFKDHLVPDPGCHYDQLIEINLSELKPHINGPFTPDLAHP
VAEVGKVAEKEGWPLDIRVGLIGSCTNSSYEDMGRSAAVAKQALAHGLKCKSQFTITPGS
EQIRATIERDGYAQILRDLGGIVLANACGPCIGQWDRKDIKKGEKNTIVTSYNRNFTGRN
DANPETHAFVTSPEIVTALAIAGTLKFNPETDYLTGTDGKKFRLEAPDADELPKGEFDPG
QDTYQHPPKDSSGQHVDVSPTSQRLQLLEPFDKWDGKDLEDLQILIKVKGKCTTDHISAA
GPWLKFRGHLDNISNNLLIGAINIENGKANSVRNAVTQEFGPVPDTARYYKKHGIRWVVI
GDENYGEGSSREHAALEPRHLGGRAIITKSFARIHETNLKKQGLLPLTFADPADYNKIHP
VDKLTIQGLKDFTPGKPLKCIIKHPNGTQETILLNHTFNETQIEWFRAGSALNRMKELQQ
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 780
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 85426
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 7.65
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • aconitate hydratase activity
  • binding
  • carbon-oxygen lyase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydro-lyase activity
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • lyase activity
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds
  • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
  • main pathways of carbohydrate metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • tricarboxylic acid cycle
Component
  • intracellular membrane-bound organelle
  • membrane-bound organelle
  • mitochondrion
  • organelle
Enzyme 1 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Citrate = cis-aconitate + H(2)O
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • citrate = cis-aconitate + H2O
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 1718502 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q99798 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACON_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID 1B0J Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB File Show
Enzyme 1 3D Structure
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >2343 bp 
ATGGCGCCCTACAGCCTACTGGTGACTCGGCTGCAGAAAGCTCTGGGTGTGCGGCAGTAC
CATGTGGCCTCAGTCCTGTGCCAACGGGCCAAGGTGGCGATGACGCATTTTGAGCCCAAC
GAGTACATCCATTATGACCTGCTAGAGAAGAACATTAACATTGTTCGCAAACGACTGAAC
CGGCCGCTGACACTCTCGGAGAAGATTGTGTATGGACACCTGGATGACCCCGCCAGCCAG
GAAATTGAGCGAGGCAAGTCGTACCTGCGGCTGCGGCCCGACCGTGTGGCCATGCAGGAT
GCGACGGCCCAGATGGCCATGCTCCAGTTCATCAGCAGCGGGCTGTCCAAGGTGGCTGTG
CCATCCACCATCCACTGTGACCATCTGATTGAAGCCCAGGTTGGGGACGAGAAAGACCTG
CGCCGGGCCAAGGACATCAACCAGGAAGTTTATAATTTCCTGGCAACTGCAGGTGACAAG
TATGGCGTGGGCTTCTGGAGCCCTGGATCTGGAATCATTCACCAGATTATTCTCGAAAAC
TATGCGTACCCTGGAGTTCTTCTGATTGGAACTGACTCCCACACCCCCAATGGTGGTGGC
CTAGGAGGCATCTGCATTGGAGTAGGGGGTGCAGATGCTGTGGATGTCATGGCTGGGATC
CCCTGGGAGCTGAAGTGCCCCAAGGTGATTGGCGTGAAGCTGACGGGCTCTCTCTCCGGT
TGGACCTCACCCAAAGATGTGATCCTGAAGGTGGCAGGCATCCTCACGGTGAAAGGTGGC
ACAGGTGCAATCGTGGAATACCACGGGCCTGGTGTAGACTCCATGTCCTGCACTGGCATG
GCGACAATCTGCAACATGGGTGCAGAAATTGGGGCCACCACTTCCGTGTTCCCTTACAAC
CACAGGATGAAGAAGTACCTGAGCAAGACCGGCCGGGAAGACATTGCCAATCTAGCTGAT
GAATTCAAGGATCACTTGGTGCCTGACCCTGGCTGCCATTATGACCAACTAATTGAAATT
AACCTCAGTGAGCTGAAGCCACACATCAATGGGCCCTTCACCCCTGACCTGGCTCACCCT
GTGGCAGAAGTGGGCAAGGTGGCAGAGAAGGAAGGATGGCCTCTGGACATCCGAGTGGGT
CTAATTGGTAGCTGCACCAATTCAAGCTATGAAGATATGGGGCGCTCAGCAGCTGTGGCC
AAGCAGGCACTGGCCCATGGACTCAAGTGCAAGTCCCAGTTCACCATCACTCCAGGTTCC
GAGCAGATCCGCGCCACCATTGAGCGGGACGGCTATGCACAGATCCTGAGGGATCTGGGT
GGCATTGTCCTGGCCAATGCCTGCGGGCCCTGCATTGGCCAGTGGGACAGAAAGGACATC
AAGAAGGGGGAGAAGAACACAATCGTCACCTCCTACAACAGGAACTTCACGGGCCGCAAC
GACGCAAACCCCGAGACCCATGCCTTTGTCACGTCCCCAGAGATTGTCACAGCCCTGGCC
ATTGCAGGAACCCTCAAGTTCAACCCAGAGACCGACTACCTGACAGGCAAGGATGGCAAG
AAGTTCAGGCTGGAAGCTCCGGATGCAGATGAGCTTCCCAAAGGGGAGTTTGACCCAGGG
CAGGACACCTACCAGCACCCCCCAAAGGACAGCAGCAGGCAGCATGTGGACGTGAGCCCC
ACCAGCCAGCGCCTGCAGCTCCTGGAGCCTTTTGACAAGTGGGATGGCAAGGACCTGGAG
GACCTGCAGATCCTCATCAAGGTCAAAGGGAAGTGTACCACTGACCACATCTCAGCTGCT
GGCCCCTGGCTCAAGTTCCGTGGGCACTTGGATAACATCTCCAACAACCTGCTCATTGGT
GCCATCAACATTGAAAACGGCAAGGCCAACTCCGTGCGCAATGCCGTCACTCAGGAGTTT
GGCCCCGTCCCTGACACTGCCCGCTACTACAAGAAACATGGCATCAGGTGGGTGGTGATC
GGAGACGAGAACTACGGCGAGGGCTCGAGCCGGGAGCATGCAGCTCTGGAGCCTCGCCAC
CTTGGGGGCCGGGCCATCATCACCAAGAGCTTTGCCAGGATCCACGAGACCAACCTGAAG
AAACAGGGCCTGCTGCCTCTGACCTTCGCTGACCCGGCTGACTACAACAAGATTCACCCT
GTGGACAAGCTGACCATTCAGGGCCTGAAGGACTTCACCCCTGGCAAGCCCCTGAAGTGC
ATCATCAAGCACCCCAACGGGACCCAGGAGACCATCCTCCTGAACCACACCTTCAACGAG
ACGCAGATTGAGTGGTTCCGCGCTGGCAGTGCCCTCAACAGAATGAAGGAACTGCAACAG
TGA
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID U80040 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID ACO2 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID ACO2 Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:118 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 22
Enzyme 1 Locus 22q11.2-q13.31|22q13.2-q13.31
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Mirel DB, Marder K, Graziano J, Freyer G, Zhao Q, Mayeux R, Wilhelmsen KC: Characterization of the human mitochondrial aconitase gene (ACO2). Gene. 1998 Jun 15;213(1-2):205-18. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 6001
Enzyme 2 Name Iron-responsive element-binding protein 1
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. IRE-BP 1
  2. Iron regulatory protein 1
  3. IRP1
  4. Ferritin repressor protein
  5. Aconitate hydratase
  6. Citrate hydro-lyase
  7. Aconitase
Enzyme 2 Gene Name ACO1
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Iron-responsive element-binding protein 1 
MSNPFAHLAEPLDPVQPGKKFFNLNKLEDSRYGRLPFSIRVLLEAAIRNCDEFLVKKQDI
ENILHWNVTQHKNIEVPFKPARVILQDFTGVPAVVDFAAMRDAVKKLGGDPEKINPVCPA
DLVIDHSIQVDFNRRADSLQKNQDLEFERNRERFEFLKWGSQAFHNMRIIPPGSGIIHQV
NLEYLARVVFDQDGYYYPDSLVGTDSHTTMIDGLGILGWGVGGIEAEAVMLGQPISMVLP
QVIGYRLMGKPHPLVTSTDIVLTITKHLRQVGVVGKFVEFFGPGVAQLSIADRATIANMC
PEYGATAAFFPVDEVSITYLVQTGRDEEKLKYIKKYLQAVGMFRDFNDPSQDPDFTQVVE
LDLKTVVPCCSGPKRPQDKVAVSDMKKDFESCLGAKQGFKGFQVAPEHHNDHKTFIYDNT
EFTLAHGSVVIAAITSCTNTSNPSVMLGAGLLAKKAVDAGLNVMPYIKTSLSPGSGVVTY
YLQESGVMPYLSQLGFDVVGYGCMTCIGNSGPLPEPVVEAITQGDLVAVGVLSGNRNFEG
RVHPNTRANYLASPPLVIAYAIAGTIRIDFEKEPLGVNAKGQQVFLKDIWPTRDEIQAVE
RQYVIPGMFKEVYQKIETVNESWNALATPSDKLFFWNSKSTYIKSPPFFENLTLDLQPPK
SIVDAYVLLNLGDSVTTDHISPAGNIARNSPAARYLTNRGLTPREFNSYGSRRGNDAVMA
RGTFANIRLLNRFLNKQAPQTIHLPSGEILDVFDAAERYQQAGLPLIVLAGKEYGAGSSR
DWAAKGPFLLGIKAVLAESYERIHRSNLVGMGVIPLEYLPGENADALGLTGQERYTIIIP
ENLKPQMKVQVKLDTGKTFQAVMRFDTDVELTYFLNGGILNYMIRKMAK
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 889
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 98400
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 6.66
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • RNA binding
  • aconitate hydratase activity
  • binding
  • carbon-oxygen lyase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydro-lyase activity
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • lyase activity
  • nucleic acid binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 2 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 2 Specific Function This protein also expresses aconitase activity
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • citrate = cis-aconitate + H2O
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 33963 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P21399 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name IREB1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >2670 bp 
ATGAGCAACCCATTCGCACACCTTGCTGAGCCATTGGATCCTGTACAACCAGGAAAGAAA
TTCTTCAATTTGAATAAATTGGAGGATTCAAGATATGGGCGCTTACCATTTTCGATCAGA
GTTCTTCTGGAAGCAGCCATTCGGAATTGTGATGAGTTTTTGGTGAAGAAACAGGATATT
GAAAATATTCTACATTGGAATGTCACTCAGCACAAGAACATAGAAGTGCCATTTAAGCCT
GCTCGTGTCATCCTGCAGGACTTTACGGGTGTGCCCGCTGTGGTTGACTTTGCTGCAATG
CGTGATGCTGTGAAAAAGTTAGGAGGAGATCCAGAGAAAATAAACCCTGTCTGCCCTGCT
GATCTTGTAATAGATCATTCCATCCAGGTTGATTTCAACAGAAGGGCAGACAGTTTACAG
AAGAATCAAGACCTGGAATTTGAAAGAAATAGAGAGCGATTTGAATTTTTAAAGTGGGGT
TCCCAGGCTTTTCACAACATGCGGATTATTCCCCCTGGCTCAGGAATCATCCACCAGGTG
AATTTGGAATATTTGGCAAGAGTGGTATTTGATCAGGATGGATATTATTACCCAGACAGC
CTCGTGGGCACAGACTCGCACACTACCATGATTGATGGCTTGGGCATTCTTGGTTGGGGT
GTCGGTGGTATTGAAGCAGAAGCTGTCATGCTGGGTCAGCCAATCAGTATGGTGCTTCCT
CAGGTGATTGGCTACAGGCTGATGGGGAAGCCCCACCCTCTGGTAACATCCACTGACATC
GTGCTCACCATTACCAAGCACCTCCGCCAGGTTGGGGTAGTGGGCAAATTTGTCGAGTTC
TTCGGGCCTGGAGTAGCCCAGTTGTCCATTGCTGACCGAGCTACGATTGCTAACATGTGT
CCAGAGTACGGAGCAACTGCTGCCTTTTTCCCAGTTGATGAAGTTAGTATCACGTACCTG
GTGCAAACAGGTCGTGATGAAGAAAAATTAAAGTATATTAAAAAATATCTTCAGGCTGTA
GGAATGTTTCGAGATTTCAATGACCCTTCTCAAGACCCAGACTTCACCCAGGTTGTGGAA
TTAGATTTGAAAACAGTAGTGCCTTGCTGTAGTGGACCCAAAAGGCCTCAGGACAAAGTT
GCTGTGTCCGACATGAAAAAGGACTTTGAGAGCTGCCTTGGAGCCAAGCAAGGATTTAAA
GGATTCCAAGTTGCTCCTGAACATCATAATGACCATAAGACCTTTATCTATGATAACACT
GAATTCACCCTTGCTCATGGTTCTGTGGTCATTGCTGCCATTACTAGCTGCACAAACACC
AGTAATCCGTCTGTGATGTTAGGGGCAGGATTGTTAGCAAAGAAAGCTGTGGATGCTGGC
CTGAACGTGATGCCTTACATCAAAACTAGCCTGTCTCCTGGGAGTGGCGTGGTCACCTAC
TACCTACAAGAAAGCGGAGTCATGCCTTATCTGTCTCAGCTTGGGTTTGACGTGGTGGGC
TATGGCTGCATGACCTGCATTGGCAACAGTGGGCCTTTACCTGAACCTGTGGTAGAAGCC
ATCACACAGGGAGACCTTGTAGCTGTTGGAGTACTATCTGGAAACAGGAATTTTGAAGGT
CGAGTTCACCCCAACACCCGGGCCAACTATTTAGCCTCTCCCCCCTTAGTAATAGCATAT
GCAATTGCTGGAACCATCAGAATCGACTTTGAGAAAGAGCCATTGGGAGTAAATGCAAAG
GGACAGCAGGTATTTCTGAAAGATATCTGGCCGACTAGAGACGAGATCCAGGCAGTGGAG
CGTCAGTATGTCATCCCGGGGATGTTTAAGGAAGTCTATCAGAAAATAGAGACTGTGAAT
GAAAGCTGGAATGCCTTAGCAACCCCATCAGATAAGCTGTTTTTCTGGAATTCCAAATCT
ACGTATATCAAATCACCACCATTCTTTGAAAACCTGACTTTGGATCTTCAGCCCCCTAAA
TCTATAGTGGATGCCTATGTGCTGCTAAATTTGGGAGATTCGGTAACAACTGACCACATC
TCCCCAGCTGGAAATATTGCAAGAAACAGTCCTGCTGCTCGCTACTTAACTAACAGAGGC
CTAACTCCACGAGAATTCAACTCCTATGGCTCCCGCCGAGGTAATGACGCCGTCATGGCA
CGGGGAACATTTGCCAACATTCGCTTGTTAAACAGATTTTTGAACAAGCAGGCACCACAG
ACTATCCATCTGCCTTCTGGGGAAATCCTTGATGTGTTTGATGCTGCTGAGCGGTACCAG
CAGGCAGGCCTTCCCCTGATCGTTCTGGCTGGCAAAGAGTACGGTGCAGGCAGCTCCCGA
GACTGGGCAGCTAAGGGCCCTTTCCTGCTGGGAATCAAAGCCGTCCTGGCCGAGAGCTAC
GAGCGCATTCACCGCAGTAACCTGGTTGGGATGGGTGTGATCCCACTTGAATATCTCCCT
GGTGAGAATGCAGATGCCCTGGGGCTCACAGGGCAAGAACGATACACTATCATTATTCCA
GAAAACCTCAAACCACAAATGAAAGTCCAGGTCAAGCTGGATACTGGCAAGACCTTCCAG
GCTGTCATGAGGTTTGACACTGATGTGGAGCTCACTTATTTCCTCAACGGGGGCATCCTC
AACTACATGATCCGCAAGATGGCCAAGTAG
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID Z11559 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID ACO1 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID ACO1 Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:117 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 2 Locus 9p22-q32|9p22-p13
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Hirling H, Emery-Goodman A, Thompson N, Neupert B, Seiser C, Kuhn LC: Expression of active iron regulatory factor from a full-length human cDNA by in vitro transcription/translation. Nucleic Acids Res. 1992 Jan 11;20(1):33-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Rouault TA, Tang CK, Kaptain S, Burgess WH, Haile DJ, Samaniego F, McBride OW, Harford JB, Klausner RD: Cloning of the cDNA encoding an RNA regulatory protein--the human iron-responsive element-binding protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(20):7958-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hentze MW, Argos P: Homology between IRE-BP, a regulatory RNA-binding protein, aconitase, and isopropylmalate isomerase. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Apr 25;19(8):1739-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Kaptain S, Downey WE, Tang C, Philpott C, Haile D, Orloff DG, Harford JB, Rouault TA, Klausner RD: A regulated RNA binding protein also possesses aconitase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 15;88(22):10109-13. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available