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Showing metabocard for Enalapril (HMDB0014722)

IdentificationTaxonomyOntologyPhysical propertiesSpectraBiological propertiesConcentrationsLinksReferencesenzymes (2)transporters (5) Show 7 proteinsXML
enzymes (2)transporters (5) Show 7 proteins
Record Information
Version4.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:50 UTC
Update Date2018-05-20 20:09:53 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0014722
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB14722
Metabolite Identification
Common NameEnalapril
DescriptionEnalapril is a prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly metabolized in the liver to enalaprilat following oral administration. Enalaprilat is a potent, competitive inhibitor of ACE, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I (ATI) to angiotensin II (ATII). ATII regulates blood pressure and is a key component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Enalapril may be used to treat essential or renovascular hypertension and symptomatic congestive heart failure.
Structure
Thumb
MOLSDF3D-SDFPDBSMILESInChI View 3D Structure
Synonyms
ValueSource
(S)-1-(N-(1-(Ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenylpropyl)-L-alanyl)-L-prolineChEBI
(S)-1-{(S)-2-[1-((S)-ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenyl-propylamino]-propionyl}-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acidChEBI
1-(N-((S)-1-Carboxy-3-phenylpropyl)-L-alanyl)-L-proline 1'-ethyl esterChEBI
AnalaprilChEBI
EnalaprilaChEBI
EnalaprilumChEBI
(S)-1-{(S)-2-[1-((S)-ethoxycarbonyl)-3-phenyl-propylamino]-propionyl}-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylateGenerator
Enalapril maleateHMDB
EnalaprilatHMDB
RenitekMeSH
Maleate, enalaprilMeSH
RenitecMeSH
Chemical FormulaC20H28N2O5
Average Molecular Weight376.4467
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight376.199822016
IUPAC Name(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Traditional Nameenalapril
CAS Registry Number75847-73-3
SMILES
CCOC(=O)[C@H](CCC1=CC=CC=C1)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C20H28N2O5/c1-3-27-20(26)16(12-11-15-8-5-4-6-9-15)21-14(2)18(23)22-13-7-10-17(22)19(24)25/h4-6,8-9,14,16-17,21H,3,7,10-13H2,1-2H3,(H,24,25)/t14-,16-,17-/m0/s1
InChI KeyGBXSMTUPTTWBMN-XIRDDKMYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
DescriptionThis compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dipeptides. These are organic compounds containing a sequence of exactly two alpha-amino acids joined by a peptide bond.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentDipeptides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Alpha-dipeptide
  • N-acyl-alpha amino acid or derivatives
  • N-acyl-alpha-amino acid
  • N-acyl-l-alpha-amino acid
  • Proline or derivatives
  • Alpha-amino acid ester
  • Alpha-amino acid amide
  • Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
  • Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid
  • N-acylpyrrolidine
  • Fatty acid ester
  • Aralkylamine
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Fatty acyl
  • Benzenoid
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Pyrrolidine
  • Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Carboxamide group
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Amino acid
  • Azacycle
  • Secondary aliphatic amine
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Secondary amine
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Amine
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Disposition

Biological location:

Process

Naturally occurring process:

Role

Industrial application:

Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point143 - 144.5 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.21 g/LNot Available
LogP2.1Not Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.21 g/LALOGPS
logP0.19ALOGPS
logP0.59ChemAxon
logS-3.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.67ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)5.2ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area95.94 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count10ChemAxon
Refractivity99.57 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability40.41 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0udi-4329000000-0ccc991d6f82c8023381View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-004i-4139100000-e739549506767919633fView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativesplash10-004i-0809000000-0e192d1573028e60641cView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positivesplash10-003r-1859000000-8b202071e8860792a59fView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0059-0239000000-feb01e2c02b331eea247View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-001i-5893000000-141cda4f7233f214c8dcView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0296-6910000000-189f3dddcaf5004e885fView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-004i-1019000000-ae65ecb00dc3ab6e3701View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-03gs-5559000000-d8643ca2f50322b85449View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-01ot-8921000000-5383f963d934648ca615View in MoNA
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not Quantified Not AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00584 details
UrineExpected but not Quantified Not AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00584 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00584
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID4534998
KEGG Compound IDC06977
BioCyc IDCPD0-2065
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkEnalapril
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound40466924
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID4784
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. (). D.P. Ip and G.S. Brenner, in K. Florey (Editor), Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances, Vol. 16, Aca- demic Press, London, 1987, pp. 207-243.. .

Enzymes

Enzyme Details
1. Cytochrome P450 3A4
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
Enzyme Details
2. Angiotensin-converting enzyme
General function:
Involved in metallopeptidase activity
Specific function:
Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II by release of the terminal His-Leu, this results in an increase of the vasoconstrictor activity of angiotensin. Also able to inactivate bradykinin, a potent vasodilator. Has also a glycosidase activity which releases GPI-anchored proteins from the membrane by cleaving the mannose linkage in the GPI moiety
Gene Name:
ACE
Uniprot ID:
P12821
Molecular weight:
149713.7
References
  1. Andujar-Sanchez M, Jara-Perez V, Camara-Artigas A: Thermodynamic determination of the binding constants of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors by a displacement method. FEBS Lett. 2007 Jul 24;581(18):3449-54. Epub 2007 Jun 27. [PubMed:17618628 ]
  2. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
  3. Liu YH, Liu LY, Wu JX, Chen SX, Sun YX: Comparison of captopril and enalapril to study the role of the sulfhydryl-group in improvement of endothelial dysfunction with ACE inhibitors in high dieted methionine mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2006 Jan;47(1):82-8. [PubMed:16424790 ]
  4. Natesh R, Schwager SL, Evans HR, Sturrock ED, Acharya KR: Structural details on the binding of antihypertensive drugs captopril and enalaprilat to human testicular angiotensin I-converting enzyme. Biochemistry. 2004 Jul 13;43(27):8718-24. [PubMed:15236580 ]

Transporters

Enzyme Details
1. Multidrug resistance protein 1
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells
Gene Name:
ABCB1
Uniprot ID:
P08183
Molecular weight:
141477.3
References
  1. Takara K, Kakumoto M, Tanigawara Y, Funakoshi J, Sakaeda T, Okumura K: Interaction of digoxin with antihypertensive drugs via MDR1. Life Sci. 2002 Feb 15;70(13):1491-500. [PubMed:11895100 ]
Enzyme Details
2. Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids
Gene Name:
SLCO1A2
Uniprot ID:
P46721
Molecular weight:
74144.1
References
  1. Abu-Zahra TN, Wolkoff AW, Kim RB, Pang KS: Uptake of enalapril and expression of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1 in zonal, isolated rat hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Jul;28(7):801-6. [PubMed:10859154 ]
  2. Pang KS, Wang PJ, Chung AY, Wolkoff AW: The modified dipeptide, enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, is transported by the rat liver organic anion transport protein. Hepatology. 1998 Nov;28(5):1341-6. [PubMed:9794920 ]
Enzyme Details
3. Solute carrier family 15 member 1
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Proton-coupled intake of oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides. May constitute a major route for the absorption of protein digestion end-products
Gene Name:
SLC15A1
Uniprot ID:
P46059
Molecular weight:
78805.3
References
  1. Han H, de Vrueh RL, Rhie JK, Covitz KM, Smith PL, Lee CP, Oh DM, Sadee W, Amidon GL: 5'-Amino acid esters of antiviral nucleosides, acyclovir, and AZT are absorbed by the intestinal PEPT1 peptide transporter. Pharm Res. 1998 Aug;15(8):1154-9. [PubMed:9706043 ]
  2. Han HK, Rhie JK, Oh DM, Saito G, Hsu CP, Stewart BH, Amidon GL: CHO/hPEPT1 cells overexpressing the human peptide transporter (hPEPT1) as an alternative in vitro model for peptidomimetic drugs. J Pharm Sci. 1999 Mar;88(3):347-50. [PubMed:10052994 ]
  3. Temple CS, Boyd CA: Proton-coupled oligopeptide transport by rat renal cortical brush border membrane vesicles: a functional analysis using ACE inhibitors to determine the isoform of the transporter. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Aug 14;1373(1):277-81. [PubMed:9733984 ]
  4. Tsuji A: Transporter-mediated Drug Interactions. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2002;17(4):253-74. [PubMed:15618677 ]
Enzyme Details
4. Solute carrier family 22 member 6
General function:
Involved in ion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one molecule of endogenous dicarboxylic acid (glutarate, ketoglutarate, etc). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of p- aminohippurate (PAH), ochratoxin (OTA), acyclovir (ACV), 3'-azido- 3-'deoxythymidine (AZT), cimetidine (CMD), 2,4-dichloro- phenoxyacetate (2,4-D), hippurate (HA), indoleacetate (IA), indoxyl sulfate (IS) and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2- furanpropionate (CMPF), cidofovir, adefovir, 9-(2- phosphonylmethoxyethyl) guanine (PMEG), 9-(2- phosphonylmethoxyethyl) diaminopurine (PMEDAP) and edaravone sulfate. PAH uptake is inhibited by p- chloromercuribenzenesulphonate (PCMBS), diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC), sulindac, diclofenac, carprofen, glutarate and okadaic acid. PAH uptake is inhibited by benzothiazolylcysteine (BTC), S-chlorotrifluoroethylcysteine (CTFC), cysteine S-conjugates S-dichlorovinylcysteine (DCVC), furosemide, steviol, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), calcium ionophore A23187, benzylpenicillin, furosemide, indomethacin, bumetamide, losartan, probenecid, phenol red, urate, and alpha-ketoglutarate
Gene Name:
SLC22A6
Uniprot ID:
Q4U2R8
Molecular weight:
61815.8
References
  1. Kuze K, Graves P, Leahy A, Wilson P, Stuhlmann H, You G: Heterologous expression and functional characterization of a mouse renal organic anion transporter in mammalian cells. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jan 15;274(3):1519-24. [PubMed:9880528 ]
Enzyme Details
5. Solute carrier family 22 member 7
General function:
Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:
Mediates sodium-independent multispecific organic anion transport. Transport of prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2, tetracycline, bumetanide, estrone sulfate, glutarate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, allopurinol, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel, L-ascorbic acid, salicylate, ethotrexate, and alpha- ketoglutarate
Gene Name:
SLC22A7
Uniprot ID:
Q9Y694
Molecular weight:
60025.0
References
  1. Kobayashi Y, Ohshiro N, Shibusawa A, Sasaki T, Tokuyama S, Sekine T, Endou H, Yamamoto T: Isolation, characterization and differential gene expression of multispecific organic anion transporter 2 in mice. Mol Pharmacol. 2002 Jul;62(1):7-14. [PubMed:12065749 ]
  2. Sekine T, Cha SH, Tsuda M, Apiwattanakul N, Nakajima N, Kanai Y, Endou H: Identification of multispecific organic anion transporter 2 expressed predominantly in the liver. FEBS Lett. 1998 Jun 12;429(2):179-82. [PubMed:9650585 ]