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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:50 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:18:16 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0014731
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB14731
Metabolite Identification
Common NameEthosuximide
DescriptionEthosuximide is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures. [PubChem]Binds to T-type voltage sensitive calcium channels. Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1G gives rise to T-type calcium currents. T-type calcium channels belong to the "low-voltage activated (LVA)" group and are strongly blocked by mibefradil. A particularity of this type of channels is an opening at quite negative potentials and a voltage-dependent inactivation. T-type channels serve pacemaking functions in both central neurons and cardiac nodal cells and support calcium signaling in secretory cells and vascular smooth muscle. They may also be involved in the modulation of firing patterns of neurons which is important for information processing as well as in cell growth processes.
Structure
Data?1676999896
Synonyms
ValueSource
(+-)-2-Ethyl-2-methylsuccinimideChEBI
2-Ethyl-2-methylsuccinimideChEBI
2-Methyl-2-ethylsuccinimideChEBI
3-Ethyl-3-methyl-2,5-pyrrolidinedioneChEBI
3-Ethyl-3-methylsuccinimideChEBI
3-Methyl-3-ethylpyrrolidine-2,5-dioneChEBI
3-Methyl-3-ethylsuccinimideChEBI
AethosuximideChEBI
alpha-Ethyl-alpha-methylsuccinimideChEBI
alpha-Methyl-alpha-ethylsuccinimideChEBI
EthosuximidumChEBI
EtosuximidaChEBI
gamma-Ethyl-gamma-methyl-succinimideChEBI
gamma-Methyl-gamma-ethyl-succinimideChEBI
ZarontinKegg
a-Ethyl-a-methylsuccinimideGenerator
Α-ethyl-α-methylsuccinimideGenerator
a-Methyl-a-ethylsuccinimideGenerator
Α-methyl-α-ethylsuccinimideGenerator
g-Ethyl-g-methyl-succinimideGenerator
Γ-ethyl-γ-methyl-succinimideGenerator
g-Methyl-g-ethyl-succinimideGenerator
Γ-methyl-γ-ethyl-succinimideGenerator
EthosuccimideHMDB
EthosuccinimideHMDB
EthosuxideHMDB
Desitin brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
EthylmethylsuccimideHMDB
LAB brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
Parke davis brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
PyknolepsinumHMDB
SuxilepHMDB
EmesideHMDB
Faes brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
Katwijk brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
Pfizer brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
Warner lambert brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
Warner-lambert brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
Fortbenton brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
Jenapharm brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
SuksilepHMDB
EthosuccimidHMDB
EthymalHMDB
Etosuximida faesHMDB
Faes, etosuximidaHMDB
PetnidanHMDB
United drug brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
Wernigerode brand OF ethosuximideHMDB
Chemical FormulaC7H11NO2
Average Molecular Weight141.1677
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight141.078978601
IUPAC Name3-ethyl-3-methylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione
Traditional Nameethosuximide
CAS Registry Number77-67-8
SMILES
CCC1(C)CC(=O)NC1=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C7H11NO2/c1-3-7(2)4-5(9)8-6(7)10/h3-4H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9,10)
InChI KeyHAPOVYFOVVWLRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrrolidine-2-ones. These are pyrrolidines which bear a C=O group at position 2 of the pyrrolidine ring.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassPyrrolidines
Sub ClassPyrrolidones
Direct ParentPyrrolidine-2-ones
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 2-pyrrolidone
  • Carboxylic acid imide
  • Dicarboximide
  • Carboxylic acid imide, n-unsubstituted
  • Lactam
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Azacycle
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point64.5 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility101 g/LNot Available
LogP0.1Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility101 g/LALOGPS
logP0.1ALOGPS
logP0.55ChemAxon
logS-0.15ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)10.73ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-6.6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area46.17 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity35.96 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability14.45 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+133.0431661259
DarkChem[M-H]-127.74231661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+127.130932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-123.26530932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-160.09930932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+135.65830932474
AllCCS[M+H]+129.732859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+125.232859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+133.932859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+135.132859911
AllCCS[M-H]-129.932859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-131.732859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-133.832859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
EthosuximideCCC1(C)CC(=O)NC1=O2241.9Standard polar33892256
EthosuximideCCC1(C)CC(=O)NC1=O1164.8Standard non polar33892256
EthosuximideCCC1(C)CC(=O)NC1=O1270.0Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Ethosuximide,1TMS,isomer #1CCC1(C)CC(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=O1361.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Ethosuximide,1TMS,isomer #1CCC1(C)CC(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=O1333.2Standard non polar33892256
Ethosuximide,1TMS,isomer #1CCC1(C)CC(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C)C1=O1582.7Standard polar33892256
Ethosuximide,1TBDMS,isomer #1CCC1(C)CC(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=O1596.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Ethosuximide,1TBDMS,isomer #1CCC1(C)CC(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=O1581.5Standard non polar33892256
Ethosuximide,1TBDMS,isomer #1CCC1(C)CC(=O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=O1688.8Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-08mi-9400000000-44583cdc88d3203a4e842017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-1900000000-1c27ada66f7846f9d1552017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-2900000000-19e57defe9ded4ed42b42017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-08mi-9400000000-44583cdc88d3203a4e842018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-1900000000-1c27ada66f7846f9d1552018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-2900000000-19e57defe9ded4ed42b42018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-056r-9300000000-85b98f89652d40beec082017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-08mi-9300000000-3d87944377ee1f85803d2014-09-20Not AvailableView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00dl-9600000000-7681bb12358063b471972021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-738207dee9e4bed4ffad2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-0900000000-22316b2cb39a75c7039e2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-006x-9000000000-ba19e15796e8748859162021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-0cff0bfc43f7a5c1e3ca2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9700000000-d743eaeb251198f5e9d12021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0900000000-86a82d1f0e8a43f11ab52016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-006x-3900000000-e43cf4042ca22cb5d6a82016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0q29-9000000000-0593295be197f643992c2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-1900000000-7b6a825d9781021fd1662016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-3900000000-a161e0f30f683c6571292016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0f6x-9000000000-25a91a77a1c19188305e2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-2900000000-72f0fd5251d48467db7e2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9100000000-da7f95077b262c97a9032021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0ldu-9000000000-34cc07c564fa5f405c002021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-1900000000-065b0eea8247fbe1ddad2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9200000000-d7e92d2e488ef0dab2f52021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Ethosuximide 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-f9bf9d86cdc9d7fe76fb2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum

IR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00593 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00593 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Predicted Concentrations
BiospecimenValueOriginal ageOriginal sexOriginal conditionComments
Blood0.000 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Blood0.000 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00593
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID3175
KEGG Compound IDC07505
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkEthosuximide
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound3291
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID4887
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Coulter DA, Huguenard JR, Prince DA: Characterization of ethosuximide reduction of low-threshold calcium current in thalamic neurons. Ann Neurol. 1989 Jun;25(6):582-93. [PubMed:2545161 ]
  2. Kostyuk PG, Molokanova EA, Pronchuk NF, Savchenko AN, Verkhratsky AN: Different action of ethosuximide on low- and high-threshold calcium currents in rat sensory neurons. Neuroscience. 1992 Dec;51(4):755-8. [PubMed:1336826 ]
  3. Coulter DA, Huguenard JR, Prince DA: Differential effects of petit mal anticonvulsants and convulsants on thalamic neurones: calcium current reduction. Br J Pharmacol. 1990 Aug;100(4):800-6. [PubMed:2169941 ]
  4. Coulter DA, Huguenard JR, Prince DA: Specific petit mal anticonvulsants reduce calcium currents in thalamic neurons. Neurosci Lett. 1989 Mar 13;98(1):74-8. [PubMed:2710401 ]
  5. Patsalos PN: Properties of antiepileptic drugs in the treatment of idiopathic generalized epilepsies. Epilepsia. 2005;46 Suppl 9:140-8. [PubMed:16302888 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Metabolizes several precarcinogens, drugs, and solvents to reactive metabolites. Inactivates a number of drugs and xenobiotics and also bioactivates many xenobiotic substrates to their hepatotoxic or carcinogenic forms.
Gene Name:
CYP2E1
Uniprot ID:
P05181
Molecular weight:
56848.42
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Exhibits low testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activity.
Gene Name:
CYP3A43
Uniprot ID:
Q9HB55
Molecular weight:
57756.285
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
Gene Name:
CYP3A5
Uniprot ID:
P20815
Molecular weight:
57108.065
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
Gene Name:
CYP3A7
Uniprot ID:
P24462
Molecular weight:
57525.03
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in ion channel activity
Specific function:
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1G gives rise to T-type calcium currents. T-type calcium channels belong to the "low-voltage activated (LVA)" group and are strongly blocked by mibefradil. A particularity of this type of channels is an opening at quite negative potentials and a voltage-dependent inactivation. T-type channels serve pacemaking functions in both central neurons and cardiac nodal cells and support calcium signaling in secretory cells and vascular smooth muscle. They may also be involved in the modulation of firing patterns of neurons which is important for information processing as well as in cell growth processes
Gene Name:
CACNA1G
Uniprot ID:
O43497
Molecular weight:
262468.6
References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
  2. Gomora JC, Daud AN, Weiergraber M, Perez-Reyes E: Block of cloned human T-type calcium channels by succinimide antiepileptic drugs. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Nov;60(5):1121-32. [PubMed:11641441 ]
  3. Wang G, Thompson SM: Maladaptive homeostatic plasticity in a rodent model of central pain syndrome: thalamic hyperexcitability after spinothalamic tract lesions. J Neurosci. 2008 Nov 12;28(46):11959-69. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3296-08.2008. [PubMed:19005061 ]
  4. Matthews EA, Dickenson AH: Effects of ethosuximide, a T-type Ca(2+) channel blocker, on dorsal horn neuronal responses in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 Mar;415(2-3):141-9. [PubMed:11274992 ]