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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:50 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:44 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0014763
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB14763
Metabolite Identification
Common NameEfavirenz
DescriptionEfavirenz, also known as sustiva or EFV, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoxazines. These are organic compounds containing a benzene fused to an oxazine ring (a six-membered aliphatic ring with four carbon atoms, one oxygen atom, and one nitrogen atom). Efavirenz is also used in combination with other antiretroviral agents as part of an expanded postexposure prophylaxis regimen to prevent HIV transmission for those exposed to materials associated with a high risk for HIV transmission. Efavirenz is a drug which is used for use in combination treatment of hiv infection (aids). Efavirenz is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). The rate of efavirenz phosphorylation varies, depending on cell type. Efavirenz (brand names Efavirenz and Stocrin) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and is used as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1. In humans, efavirenz is involved in efavirenz action pathway. Similar to zidovudine, efavirenz inhibits the activity of viral RNA-directed DNA polymerase (i.e., reverse transcriptase). Efavirenz (dideoxyinosine, ddI) is an oral non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). Intracellular enzymes subsequently eliminate the HIV particle that previously had been uncoated, and left unprotected, during entry into the host cell. Currently, the CDC recommends that Efavirenz be given as part of a three-drug regimen that includes another nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (e.g., lamivudine, stavudine, zidovudine) and a protease inhibitor or efavirenz when treating HIV infection. Efavirenz is principally metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system to hydroxylated metabolites with subsequent glucuronidation of these hydroxylated metabolites.
Structure
Data?1582753218
Synonyms
ValueSource
(-)-6-CHLORO-4-cyclopropylethynyl-4-trifluoromethyl-1,4-dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-oneChEBI
(S)-6-Chloro-4-(cyclopropylethynyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-oneChEBI
(S)-6-Chloro-4-cyclopropylethynyl-4-trifluoromethyl-1,4-dihydro-benzo[D][1,3]oxazin-2-oneChEBI
6-Chloro-4-(2-cyclopropyl-1-ethynyl)-4-trifluoromethyl-(4S)-1,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[D][1,3]oxazin-2-oneChEBI
SustivaKegg
EFVHMDB
(S)-6-Chloro-4-cyclopropylethynyl-4-trifluoromethyl-1,4-dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-oneHMDB
DMP-266HMDB
Du pont brand OF efavirenzHMDB
Merck sharp and dohme brand OF efavirenzHMDB
Efavirenz, (R)-isomerHMDB
Efavirenz, (S)-isomerHMDB
StocrinHMDB
United drug brand OF efavirenzHMDB
DMP 266HMDB
Bristol-myers squibb brand OF efavirenzHMDB
Chemical FormulaC14H9ClF3NO2
Average Molecular Weight315.675
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight315.027390859
IUPAC Name(4S)-6-chloro-4-(2-cyclopropylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2,4-dihydro-1H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one
Traditional Nameefavirenz
CAS Registry Number154598-52-4
SMILES
FC(F)(F)[C@]1(OC(=O)NC2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C2)C#CC1CC1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C14H9ClF3NO2/c15-9-3-4-11-10(7-9)13(14(16,17)18,21-12(20)19-11)6-5-8-1-2-8/h3-4,7-8H,1-2H2,(H,19,20)/t13-/m0/s1
InChI KeyXPOQHMRABVBWPR-ZDUSSCGKSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoxazines. These are organic compounds containing a benzene fused to an oxazine ring (a six-membered aliphatic ring with four carbon atoms, one oxygen atom, and one nitrogen atom).
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassBenzoxazines
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentBenzoxazines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Benzoxazine
  • Aryl chloride
  • Aryl halide
  • Ynone
  • Benzenoid
  • Oxacycle
  • Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
  • Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
  • Azacycle
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organofluoride
  • Organochloride
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Alkyl fluoride
  • Alkyl halide
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point139 - 141 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.0086 g/LNot Available
LogP4.6Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0086 g/LALOGPS
logP3.89ALOGPS
logP4.46ChemAxon
logS-4.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)12.52ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.5ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area38.33 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity71.34 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability26.81 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+160.82530932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-158.46730932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-192.76430932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+167.82330932474
AllCCS[M+H]+166.132859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+162.632859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+169.432859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+170.332859911
AllCCS[M-H]-161.832859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-160.932859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-160.132859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
EfavirenzFC(F)(F)[C@]1(OC(=O)NC2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C2)C#CC1CC13138.6Standard polar33892256
EfavirenzFC(F)(F)[C@]1(OC(=O)NC2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C2)C#CC1CC12100.6Standard non polar33892256
EfavirenzFC(F)(F)[C@]1(OC(=O)NC2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C2)C#CC1CC12169.9Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Efavirenz,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N1C(=O)O[C@](C#CC2CC2)(C(F)(F)F)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C212035.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Efavirenz,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N1C(=O)O[C@](C#CC2CC2)(C(F)(F)F)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C212111.2Standard non polar33892256
Efavirenz,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N1C(=O)O[C@](C#CC2CC2)(C(F)(F)F)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C212212.4Standard polar33892256
Efavirenz,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1C(=O)O[C@](C#CC2CC2)(C(F)(F)F)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C212262.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Efavirenz,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1C(=O)O[C@](C#CC2CC2)(C(F)(F)F)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C212328.0Standard non polar33892256
Efavirenz,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1C(=O)O[C@](C#CC2CC2)(C(F)(F)F)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C212300.2Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efavirenz GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0002-5290000000-0868877bc452f2c49eca2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efavirenz GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Efavirenz GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-1059000000-f599b397bafd1974176e2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-014l-5090000000-b807e6fcee57f8b27cb62017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-9040000000-260d9ba8c55987cd2b0e2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-9010000000-459e48522e8275e941f82017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-9000000000-531ef8f962aff78378632017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-9000000000-9574533b450f3724a6452017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-03dl-0098000000-f0d050ef36094b37e62d2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz 35V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-0091000000-cbe97f1cb442fbe79f632021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz 75V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-9000000000-b423df8149eadd941fea2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz 90V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-9000000000-4cf0f020e0bbdd0773bf2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz 15V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-1059000000-91fd5749a85c9f63da832021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz 35V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03dl-0098000000-2fab581d3e853468fd1a2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz 60V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-9000000000-a97b9e54b0d95065c4162021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz 30V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014l-6090000000-bc5270450628f5a4704a2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz 45V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-9030000000-61a28f676930a76edf5f2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-qTof , Positive-QTOFsplash10-016r-1900000000-f04127a0f39b9e0b001f2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0fxx-0091000000-8ab690a60877e84766402017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0frx-0190000000-deeefb25f97b767955b22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0giu-0390000000-7a682b484377bc11de1b2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-01b9-0790000000-a789e578dcf6568d7eb92017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0930000000-a1dae29a53e6be48d87f2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-014r-0910000000-70a86e64f2e50ce28b182017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz , positive-QTOFsplash10-00xu-0390000000-d7561e61b30a86d9a4802017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0giu-1290000000-c402be3d2864520be5fb2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Efavirenz 35V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0gbi-0490000000-0dccaf0bee7073b1ebb92021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00625 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00625 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00625
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID57715
KEGG Compound IDC08088
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkEfavirenz
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound64139
PDB IDEFZ
ChEBI ID119486
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Ren J, Bird LE, Chamberlain PP, Stewart-Jones GB, Stuart DI, Stammers DK: Structure of HIV-2 reverse transcriptase at 2.35-A resolution and the mechanism of resistance to non-nucleoside inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 29;99(22):14410-5. Epub 2002 Oct 17. [PubMed:12386343 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan.
Gene Name:
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID:
P11712
Molecular weight:
55627.365
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
Gene Name:
CYP2C19
Uniprot ID:
P33261
Molecular weight:
55944.565
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants.
Gene Name:
CYP2D6
Uniprot ID:
P10635
Molecular weight:
55768.94
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase.
Gene Name:
CYP2B6
Uniprot ID:
P20813
Molecular weight:
56277.81
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
  2. Hesse LM, von Moltke LL, Shader RI, Greenblatt DJ: Ritonavir, efavirenz, and nelfinavir inhibit CYP2B6 activity in vitro: potential drug interactions with bupropion. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Feb;29(2):100-2. [PubMed:11159797 ]
  3. Walsky RL, Astuccio AV, Obach RS: Evaluation of 227 drugs for in vitro inhibition of cytochrome P450 2B6. J Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Dec;46(12):1426-38. [PubMed:17101742 ]
  4. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.
Gene Name:
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID:
P05177
Molecular weight:
58406.915
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]