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Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:52 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:52:03 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0015604
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB15604
Metabolite Identification
Common NamePermethrin
DescriptionPermethrin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a pyrethroid insecticide commonly used in the treatment of lice infestations and scabies. It is a yellow to light orange-brown, low melt-ing solid or viscous liquid.Permethrin acts on the nerve cell membrane to disrupt the sodium channel current by which the polarization of the membrane is regulated. Delayed repolarization and paralysis of the pests are the consequences of this disturbance.
Structure
Data?1582753315
Synonyms
ValueSource
(3-Phenoxyphenyl)methyl (+-)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylateChEBI
3-(2,2-Dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid, (3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl esterChEBI
ElimiteKegg
(3-Phenoxyphenyl)methyl (+-)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acidGenerator
3-(2,2-Dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate, (3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl esterGenerator
(m-Phenoxybenzyl)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylateMeSH
3-Phenoxybenzyl-(+-)-cis,trans-2,2-dichlorovinyl-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropylcarboxylic acid, esterMeSH
3-Phenoxybenzyl-cis,trans-(1Rs)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylateMeSH
AmbushMeSH
Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl esterMeSH
NRDC 143MeSH
NRDC 147MeSH
NRDC-143MeSH
NRDC-147MeSH
NRDC143MeSH
NRDC147MeSH
NittiforMeSH
Permethrin, (1R-cis)-isomerMeSH
Permethrin, (1R-trans)-isomerMeSH
Permethrin, (1S-cis)-isomerMeSH
Permethrin, (1S-trans)-isomerMeSH
Permethrin, (cis)-isomerMeSH
Permethrin, (cis-(+-))-isomerMeSH
Permethrin, (trans)-isomerMeSH
Permethrin, (trans-(+-))-isomerMeSH
Permethrin, trans-(1Rs)-isomerMeSH
cis PermethrinMeSH
cis-(1Rs)-PermethrinMeSH
cis-PermethrinMeSH
Permethrin, cis-(1Rs)-isomerMeSH
trans PermethrinMeSH
trans-(1Rs)-PermethrinMeSH
trans-PermethrinMeSH
Chemical FormulaC21H20Cl2O3
Average Molecular Weight391.288
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight390.07894992
IUPAC Name(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate
Traditional Namepermethrin
CAS Registry Number52645-53-1
SMILES
CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OCC1=CC(OC2=CC=CC=C2)=CC=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C21H20Cl2O3/c1-21(2)17(12-18(22)23)19(21)20(24)25-13-14-7-6-10-16(11-14)26-15-8-4-3-5-9-15/h3-12,17,19H,13H2,1-2H3
InChI KeyRLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrethroids. These are organic compounds similar to the pyrethrins. Some pyrethroids containing a chrysanthemic acid esterified with a cyclopentenone (pyrethrins), or with a phenoxybenzyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acid esters
Direct ParentPyrethroids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Pyrethroid skeleton
  • Diphenylether
  • Diaryl ether
  • Benzyloxycarbonyl
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Phenol ether
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Benzenoid
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Ketene acetal or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Chloroalkene
  • Haloalkene
  • Ether
  • Vinyl halide
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Vinyl chloride
  • Organic oxide
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Organochloride
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point34 °CNot Available
Boiling Point465.90 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)The Good Scents Company Information System
Water Solubility6.9e-05 g/LNot Available
LogP6.50HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility6.9e-05 g/LALOGPS
logP6.24ALOGPS
logP5.7ChemAxon
logS-6.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.7ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area35.53 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count7ChemAxon
Refractivity114.28 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability39.43 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+186.2530932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-183.89230932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-218.13930932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+193.98530932474
AllCCS[M+H]+189.132859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+186.532859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+191.532859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+192.232859911
AllCCS[M-H]-184.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-184.032859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-183.432859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
PermethrinCC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OCC1=CC(OC2=CC=CC=C2)=CC=C13814.6Standard polar33892256
PermethrinCC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OCC1=CC(OC2=CC=CC=C2)=CC=C12655.5Standard non polar33892256
PermethrinCC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OCC1=CC(OC2=CC=CC=C2)=CC=C12650.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Permethrin GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-001i-3900000000-469dc103f8f391a6bb7f2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Permethrin GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Permethrin GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Permethrin GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Permethrin GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-1900000000-956860faa94e3dea2ee22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-1900000000-ce2901f0a3049806d95f2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-1900000000-b5846ca870454df7f44f2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-0900000000-474995c2ccb155f0975c2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-1900000000-261c3708f1e50c4a84182017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-006t-2900000000-4915b2e2cee108c117a22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 60V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-0900000000-a73154cdccdc124955c02021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 75V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-1900000000-2f9800db80661116530a2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 45V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-1900000000-bf65bfc29edf7e8f72d62021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 30V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-1900000000-91cb4c87ae286d88f2032021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 15V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-1900000000-2546d86434c241ad989e2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0519000000-0f6eb9a687fe3c0d66c42016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-1923000000-a400c6833ac566d7a6222016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-052e-2900000000-7758be41aece58f5d5d12016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0109000000-fdac422c546f05b83ceb2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-1709000000-f755eb7d0bee859d0bb82016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9500000000-97e9860533a91746241d2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0536-0429000000-98939aa3532b9312d6ac2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-2923000000-0cd57653df5af5d7ac422021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-001l-8911000000-9f85adb3775c89af21a52021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0119000000-eda907ff628cd2b358442021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03ki-1902000000-84bc834f9310543ce7d72021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Permethrin 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-9211000000-bcaffb823cfb3efededa2021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB04930 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB04930 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Predicted Concentrations
BiospecimenValueOriginal ageOriginal sexOriginal conditionComments
Blood0.000 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Blood0.000 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB04930
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID36845
KEGG Compound IDC14388
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkPermethrin
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound40326
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID34911
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1338011
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Abedin S, Narang M, Gandhi V, Narang S: Efficacy of permethrin cream and oral ivermectin in treatment of scabies. Indian J Pediatr. 2007 Oct;74(10):915-6. [PubMed:17978449 ]
  2. Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
  3. Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
  4. Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
  5. Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
  6. Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase.
Gene Name:
CYP2B6
Uniprot ID:
P20813
Molecular weight:
56277.81
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in ion channel activity
Specific function:
Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient
Gene Name:
SCN1A
Uniprot ID:
P35498
Molecular weight:
228969.5
References
  1. Cao Z, Shafer TJ, Murray TF: Mechanisms of pyrethroid insecticide-induced stimulation of calcium influx in neocortical neurons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Jan;336(1):197-205. doi: 10.1124/jpet.110.171850. Epub 2010 Sep 29. [PubMed:20881019 ]
  2. Liu N, Xu Q, Li T, He L, Zhang L: Permethrin resistance and target site insensitivity in the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. J Med Entomol. 2009 Nov;46(6):1424-9. [PubMed:19960691 ]
  3. Breckenridge CB, Holden L, Sturgess N, Weiner M, Sheets L, Sargent D, Soderlund DM, Choi JS, Symington S, Clark JM, Burr S, Ray D: Evidence for a separate mechanism of toxicity for the Type I and the Type II pyrethroid insecticides. Neurotoxicology. 2009 Nov;30 Suppl 1:S17-31. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2009.09.002. Epub 2009 Sep 18. [PubMed:19766671 ]
  4. Chang C, Shen WK, Wang TT, Lin YH, Hsu EL, Dai SM: A novel amino acid substitution in a voltage-gated sodium channel is associated with knockdown resistance to permethrin in Aedes aegypti. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2009 Apr;39(4):272-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2009.01.001. Epub 2009 Jan 10. [PubMed:19171193 ]
  5. McMahon C, Krober T, Guerin PM: In vitro assays for repellents and deterrents for ticks: differing effects of products when tested with attractant or arrestment stimuli. Med Vet Entomol. 2003 Dec;17(4):370-8. [PubMed:14651650 ]