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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:52 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:52:03 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0015641
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB15641
Metabolite Identification
Common NameDabigatran etexilate
DescriptionDabigatran etexilate is an oral prodrug that is metabolized by a serum esterase to dabigatran. It is a synthetic, competitive and reversible direct thrombin inhibitor. Inhibition of thrombin disrupts the coagulation cascade and inhibits the formation of clots. Dabigatran etexilate may be used to decrease the risk of venous thromboembolic events in patients who have undergone total hip or knee replacement surgery, or to prevent stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation, in whom anticoagulation therapy is indicated.
Structure
Data?1582753319
Synonyms
ValueSource
PradaxaKegg
Dabigatran etexilic acidGenerator
DabigatranHMDB
Ethyl 3-[[[4-[[[(hexyloxyl)carbonyl]amino]iminomethyl]phenyl]amino]methyl]-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl]carbonyl](pyridin-2-yl)amino] propanoateHMDB
Etexilate mesylate, dabigatranHMDB
Etexilate, dabigatranHMDB
BIBR 1048HMDB
Mesylate, dabigatran etexilateHMDB
N-((2-(((4-(Aminoiminomethyl)phenyl)amino)methyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)carbonyl)-N-2-pyridinyl-beta-alanineHMDB
Dabigatran etexilate mesylateHMDB
Chemical FormulaC34H41N7O5
Average Molecular Weight627.7332
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight627.316917457
IUPAC Nameethyl 3-(1-{2-[({4-[amino({[(hexyloxy)carbonyl]imino})methyl]phenyl}amino)methyl]-1-methyl-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-5-yl}-N-(pyridin-2-yl)formamido)propanoate
Traditional Namedabigatran etexilate
CAS Registry Number211915-06-9
SMILES
CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N)C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=C(C=CC(=C3)C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C3=CC=CC=N3)N2C)C=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C34H41N7O5/c1-4-6-7-10-21-46-34(44)39-32(35)24-12-15-26(16-13-24)37-23-30-38-27-22-25(14-17-28(27)40(30)3)33(43)41(20-18-31(42)45-5-2)29-11-8-9-19-36-29/h8-9,11-17,19,22,37H,4-7,10,18,20-21,23H2,1-3H3,(H2,35,39,44)
InChI KeyKSGXQBZTULBEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzimidazoles. These are organic compounds containing a benzene ring fused to an imidazole ring (five member ring containing a nitrogen atom, 4 carbon atoms, and two double bonds).
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassBenzimidazoles
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentBenzimidazoles
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Benzimidazole
  • Aniline or substituted anilines
  • Phenylalkylamine
  • Secondary aliphatic/aromatic amine
  • Aralkylamine
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Pyridine
  • Benzenoid
  • Imidolactam
  • Azole
  • Imidazole
  • Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Carboxamide group
  • Carbonic acid derivative
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Amidine
  • Carboxylic acid amidine
  • Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Azacycle
  • Secondary amine
  • Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
  • Carboximidamide
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Amine
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point180 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogP3.8Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0047 g/LALOGPS
logP5.17ALOGPS
logP4.59ChemAxon
logS-5.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)17.89ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)3.87ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count8ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area154.03 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count17ChemAxon
Refractivity176.43 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability71.11 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+251.44431661259
DarkChem[M-H]-245.26931661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+246.60830932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-244.78330932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-278.02630932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+252.21430932474
AllCCS[M+H]+246.032859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+245.332859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+246.732859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+246.832859911
AllCCS[M-H]-224.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-227.832859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-231.532859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Dabigatran etexilateCCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N)C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=C(C=CC(=C3)C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C3=CC=CC=N3)N2C)C=C15929.8Standard polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilateCCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N)C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=C(C=CC(=C3)C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C3=CC=CC=N3)N2C)C=C15027.4Standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilateCCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N)C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=C(C=CC(=C3)C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C3=CC=CC=N3)N2C)C=C15413.1Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Dabigatran etexilate,1TMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C15514.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C14497.6Standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C17254.9Standard polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C15258.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C14362.4Standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C17466.8Standard polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C5385.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C4403.1Standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C6925.3Standard polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C15322.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C14320.0Standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C16732.6Standard polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,3TMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C5218.7Semi standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,3TMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C4204.1Standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,3TMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C6435.7Standard polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TBDMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C15670.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TBDMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C14617.3Standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TBDMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C17162.7Standard polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TBDMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C15450.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TBDMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C14444.6Standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,1TBDMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C17435.3Standard polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TBDMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C5667.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TBDMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C4645.0Standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TBDMS,isomer #1CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(C1=CC=C(NCC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C6793.9Standard polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TBDMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C15590.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TBDMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C14528.5Standard non polar33892256
Dabigatran etexilate,2TBDMS,isomer #2CCCCCCOC(=O)N=C(N[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(CC2=NC3=CC(C(=O)N(CCC(=O)OCC)C4=CC=CC=N4)=CC=C3N2C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C16683.4Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-001v-3234390000-c2177c303cbef52afbdf2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate LC-ESI-qTof , Positive-QTOFsplash10-004r-0292116000-55b368cbe92da888e6812017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate , positive-QTOFsplash10-00kk-0981100000-78856b63936cf67ebce22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate , positive-QTOFsplash10-004r-0292116000-55b368cbe92da888e6812017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0ufs-4720194000-b25f304a4eefb48ffb142016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0uds-9634660000-7ac6e0cd9b01e5cd84302016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0fba-4942200000-823214c2258288f41cbb2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00e9-2200592000-91bb2cde7f5a1c074cff2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-008d-3500940000-5f6725f159c9fa1d9ac12016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0007-4504930000-e756884bbf82c6cfced22016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0000019000-b01a3a5bf142faf276992021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004l-0001960000-f016ad334f1f10cd95612021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-005i-3913404000-8193e59d4a4ff6967cd92021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004i-0000259000-c2af6ee3f89a87dfae642021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004i-1000921000-06293e9a87d6536045652021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Dabigatran etexilate 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0fk9-1001900000-49277b2224b211f8de102021-10-11Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB06695 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB06695 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB06695
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID4948999
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkDabigatran
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound213023
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID70746
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Di Nisio M, Middeldorp S, Buller HR: Direct thrombin inhibitors. N Engl J Med. 2005 Sep 8;353(10):1028-40. [PubMed:16148288 ]
  2. Eriksson BI, Dahl OE, Buller HR, Hettiarachchi R, Rosencher N, Bravo ML, Ahnfelt L, Piovella F, Stangier J, Kalebo P, Reilly P: A new oral direct thrombin inhibitor, dabigatran etexilate, compared with enoxaparin for prevention of thromboembolic events following total hip or knee replacement: the BISTRO II randomized trial. J Thromb Haemost. 2005 Jan;3(1):103-11. [PubMed:15634273 ]
  3. Stangier J, Eriksson BI, Dahl OE, Ahnfelt L, Nehmiz G, Stahle H, Rathgen K, Svard R: Pharmacokinetic profile of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate in healthy volunteers and patients undergoing total hip replacement. J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 May;45(5):555-63. [PubMed:15831779 ]
  4. Eriksson BI, Dahl OE, Rosencher N, Kurth AA, van Dijk CN, Frostick SP, Kalebo P, Christiansen AV, Hantel S, Hettiarachchi R, Schnee J, Buller HR: Oral dabigatran etexilate vs. subcutaneous enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement: the RE-MODEL randomized trial. J Thromb Haemost. 2007 Nov;5(11):2178-85. [PubMed:17764540 ]
  5. Eriksson BI, Dahl OE, Rosencher N, Kurth AA, van Dijk CN, Frostick SP, Prins MH, Hettiarachchi R, Hantel S, Schnee J, Buller HR: Dabigatran etexilate versus enoxaparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism after total hip replacement: a randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2007 Sep 15;370(9591):949-56. [PubMed:17869635 ]
  6. Ezekowitz MD, Reilly PA, Nehmiz G, Simmers TA, Nagarakanti R, Parcham-Azad K, Pedersen KE, Lionetti DA, Stangier J, Wallentin L: Dabigatran with or without concomitant aspirin compared with warfarin alone in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (PETRO Study). Am J Cardiol. 2007 Nov 1;100(9):1419-26. Epub 2007 Aug 17. [PubMed:17950801 ]
  7. Ginsberg JS, Davidson BL, Comp PC, Francis CW, Friedman RJ, Huo MH, Lieberman JR, Muntz JE, Raskob GE, Clements ML, Hantel S, Schnee JM, Caprini JA: Oral thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate vs North American enoxaparin regimen for prevention of venous thromboembolism after knee arthroplasty surgery. J Arthroplasty. 2009 Jan;24(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2008.01.132. Epub 2008 Apr 14. [PubMed:18534438 ]
  8. Wolowacz SE, Roskell NS, Plumb JM, Caprini JA, Eriksson BI: Efficacy and safety of dabigatran etexilate for the prevention of venous thromboembolism following total hip or knee arthroplasty. A meta-analysis. Thromb Haemost. 2009 Jan;101(1):77-85. [PubMed:19132192 ]
  9. Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, Eikelboom J, Oldgren J, Parekh A, Pogue J, Reilly PA, Themeles E, Varrone J, Wang S, Alings M, Xavier D, Zhu J, Diaz R, Lewis BS, Darius H, Diener HC, Joyner CD, Wallentin L: Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009 Sep 17;361(12):1139-51. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0905561. Epub 2009 Aug 30. [PubMed:19717844 ]
  10. Bauer KA: New oral anticoagulants in development: potential for improved safety profiles. Rev Neurol Dis. 2010;7(1):1-8. [PubMed:20410856 ]
  11. Scaglione F: New oral anticoagulants: comparative pharmacology with vitamin K antagonists. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2013 Feb;52(2):69-82. doi: 10.1007/s40262-012-0030-9. [PubMed:23292752 ]
  12. European Medicines Agency [Link]
  13. Abrams P and Marzella N: Dabigatran (Rendix): A Promising New Oral Direct Thrombin Inhibitor. Drug Forecast. 2007;32(5):271-5. [Link]

Transporters

General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells
Gene Name:
ABCB1
Uniprot ID:
P08183
Molecular weight:
141477.3
References
  1. Galanis T, Thomson L, Palladino M, Merli GJ: New oral anticoagulants. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2011 Apr;31(3):310-20. doi: 10.1007/s11239-011-0559-8. [PubMed:21327511 ]