1. inosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate)
2. Inosine 5-triphopshate
3. Inosine tripolyphosphate
4. 2'-inosine-5'-triphosphate
5. Inosine 5(tetrahydrogen triphosphate)
6. ITT
7. 5'-ITP
8. 5-ITP
9. ITP
10. Inosine 5
11. Inosine 5'-triphosphate
12. Inosine triphosphate
13. Inosine triphosphic acid

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• Cytoplasm
• mitochondria
• nucleus

1. Lin S, McLennan AG, Ying K, Wang Z, Gu S, Jin H, Wu C, Liu W, Yuan Y, Tang R, Xie Y, Mao Y: Cloning, expression, and characterization of a human inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase encoded by the itpa gene. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jun 1;276(22):18695-701. Epub 2001 Mar 13. [PubMed ]
2. Zachara B, Kopff M: Activity of inosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase in fresh and stored human erythrocytes. Haematologia (Budap). 1981;14(3):277-83. [PubMed ]
3. Vormittag W, Brannath W: As to the clastogenic-, sister-chromatid exchange inducing-and cytotoxic activity of inosine triphosphate in cultures of human peripheral lymphocytes. Mutat Res. 2001 May 9;476(1-2):71-81. [PubMed ]
4. Dutta TK, Goel A, Ghotekar LH, Hamide A, Badhe BA, Basu D: Dapsone in treatment of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults. J Assoc Physicians India. 2001 Apr;49:421-5. [PubMed ]
5. Soder C, Henderson JF, Zombor G, McCoy EE, Verhoef V, Morris AJ: Relationships between nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase activity and inosine triphosphate accumulation in human erythrocytes. Can J Biochem. 1976 Oct;54(10):843-7. [PubMed ]
6. Henderson JF, Zombor G, Fraser JH, McCoy EE, Verhoef V, Morris AJ: Factors affecting inosinate synthesis and inosine triphosphate accumulation in human erythrocytes. Can J Biochem. 1977 Apr;55(4):359-64. [PubMed ]
7. Sumi S, Marinaki AM, Arenas M, Fairbanks L, Shobowale-Bakre M, Rees DC, Thein SL, Ansari A, Sanderson J, De Abreu RA, Simmonds HA, Duley JA: Genetic basis of inosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase deficiency. Hum Genet. 2002 Oct;111(4-5):360-7. Epub 2002 Aug 15. [PubMed ]
8. Klinker JF, Seifert R: Functionally nonequivalent interactions of guanosine 5'-triphosphate, inosine 5'-triphosphate, and xanthosine 5'-triphosphate with the retinal G-protein, transducin, and with Gi-proteins in HL-60 leukemia cell membranes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Sep 1;54(5):551-62. [PubMed ]
9. Zachara B, Lewandowski J: Isolation and identification of inosine triphosphate from human erythrocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1974 Jun 27;353(2):253-9. [PubMed ]
10. Mikami T, Yoshino Y, Ito A: Does a relationship exist between the urate pool in the body and lipid peroxidation during exercise? Free Radic Res. 2000 Jan;32(1):31-9. [PubMed ]
11. Kopff M, Zachara B, Klem J, Zakrzewska I: [Accumulation of inosine triphosphate in human erythrocytes as a function of ITP-pyrophosphohydrolase activity] Acta Haematol Pol. 1983 Jul-Dec;14(3-4):165-71. [PubMed ]
12. Fraser JH, Meyers H, Henderson JF, Brox LW, McCoy EE: Individual variation in inosine triphosphate accumulation in human erythrocytes. Clin Biochem. 1975 Dec;8(6):353-64. [PubMed ]
13. Wikipedia

1. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1
2. Soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase 1
3. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3
4. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondrial
5. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A
6. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B
7. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase 6
8. Glucokinase
9. Hexokinase-3
10. Hexokinase-2
11. Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase
12. 6-phosphofructokinase type C
13. 6-phosphofructokinase, liver type
14. 6-phosphofructokinase, muscle type
15. Pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2
16. Pyruvate kinase isozymes R/L
17. Succinyl-CoA ligase [GDP-forming] subunit alpha, mitochondrial
18. Succinyl-CoA ligase [GDP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrial
19. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP]
20. Succinyl-CoA ligase [ADP-forming] subunit beta, mitochondrial
21. Uridine-cytidine kinase 2
22. Succinate-CoA ligase, ADP-forming, beta subunit
23. Uridine-cytidine kinase-like 1
24. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8
25. cDNA FLJ76131, highly similar to Homo sapiens non-metastatic cells 7, protein expressed in (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) (NME7), transcript variant 1, mRNA (Non-metastatic cells 7, protein expressed in (Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase), isoform CRA_a)
26. Uridine kinase
27. cDNA FLJ78173, highly similar to Homo sapiens hexokinase 1 (HK1) mRNA
28. cDNA, FLJ93839, highly similar to Homo sapiens ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3 (ENTPD3), mRNA (Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3, isoform CRA_b)
29. cDNA, FLJ92548, highly similar to Homo sapiens pyruvate kinase, muscle (PKM2), mRNA (Pyruvate kinase, muscle, isoform CRA_e)

1. NTPDase 1
2. Ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase 1
3. Ecto-ATPDase 1
4. Ecto-ATPase 1
5. Ecto-apyrase
6. Lymphoid cell activation antigen
7. CD39 antigen

MEDTKESNVKTFCSKNILAILGFSSIIAVIALLAVGLTQNKALPENVKYGIVLDAGSSHT
SLYIYKWPAEKENDTGVVHQVEECRVKGPGISKFVQKVNEIGIYLTDCMERAREVIPRSQ
HQETPVYLGATAGMRLLRMESEELADRVLDVVERSLSNYPFDFQGARIITGQEEGAYGWI
TINYLLGKFSQKTRWFSIVPYETNNQETFGALDLGGASTQVTFVPQNQTIESPDNALQFR
LYGKDYNVYTHSFLCYGKDQALWQKLAKDIQVASNEILRDPCFHPGYKKVVNVSDLYKTP
CTKRFEMTLPFQQFEIQGIGNYQQCHQSILELFNTSYCPYSQCAFNGIFLPPLQGDFGAF
SAFYFVMKFLNLTSEKVSQEKVTEMMKKFCAQPWEEIKTSYAGVKEKYLSEYCFSGTYIL
SLLLQGYHFTADSWEHIHFIGKIQGSDAGWTLGYMLNLTNMIPAEQPLSTPLSHSTYVFL
MVLFSLVLFTVAIIGLLIFHKPSYFWKDMV

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• ATP + 2 H2O = AMP + 2 phosphate [RN:R00085]

• GDA1_CD39 (PF01150 )

• None

• 17-37 479-499

ATGGAAGATACAAAGGAGTCTAACGTGAAGACATTTTGCTCCAAGAATATCCTAGCCATC
CTTGGCTTCTCCTCTATCATAGCTGTGATAGCTTTGCTTGCTGTGGGGTTGACCCAGAAC
AAAGCATTGCCAGAAAACGTTAAGTATGGGATTGTGCTGGATGCGGGTTCTTCTCACACA
AGTTTATACATCTATAAGTGGCCAGCAGAAAAGGAGAATGACACAGGCGTGGTGCATCAA
GTAGAAGAATGCAGGGTTAAAGGTCCTGGAATCTCAAAATTTGTTCAGAAAGTAAATGAA
ATAGGCATTTACCTGACTGATTGCATGGAAAGAGCTAGGGAAGTGATTCCAAGGTCCCAG
CACCAAGAGACACCCGTTTACCTGGGAGCCACGGCAGGCATGCGGTTGCTCAGGATGGAA
AGTGAAGAGTTGGCAGACAGGGTTCTGGATGTGGTGGAGAGGAGCCTCAGCAACTACCCC
TTTGACTTCCAGGGTGCCAGGATCATTACTGGCCAAGAGGAAGGTGCCTATGGCTGGATT
ACTATCAACTATCTGCTGGGCAAATTCAGTCAGAAAACAAGGTGGTTCAGCATAGTCCCA
TATGAAACCAATAATCAGGAAACCTTTGGAGCTTTGGACCTTGGGGGAGCCTCTACACAA
GTCACTTTTGTACCCCAAAACCAGACTATCGAGTCCCCAGATAATGCTCTGCAATTTCGC
CTCTATGGCAAGGACTACAATGTCTACACACATAGCTTCTTGTGCTATGGGAAGGATCAG
GCACTCTGGCAGAAACTGGCCAAGGACATTCAGGTTGCAAGTAATGAAATTCTCAGGGAC
CCATGCTTTCATCCTGGATATAAGAAGGTAGTGAACGTAAGTGACCTTTACAAGACCCCC
TGCACCAAGAGATTTGAGATGACTCTTCCATTCCAGCAGTTTGAAATCCAGGGTATTGGA
AACTATCAACAATGCCATCAAAGCATCCTGGAGCTCTTCAACACCAGTTACTGCCCTTAC
TCCCAGTGTGCCTTCAATGGGATTTTCTTGCCACCACTCCAGGGGGATTTTGGGGCATTT
TCAGCTTTTTACTTTGTGATGAAGTTTTTAAACTTGACATCAGAGAAAGTCTCTCAGGAA
AAGGTGACTGAGATGATGAAAAAGTTCTGTGCTCAGCCTTGGGAGGAGATAAAAACATCT
TACGCTGGAGTAAAGGAGAAGTACCTGAGTGAATACTGCTTTTCTGGTACCTACATTCTC
TCCCTCCTTCTGCAAGGCTATCATTTCACAGCTGATTCCTGGGAGCACATCCATTTCATT
GGCAAGATCCAGGGCAGCGACGCCGGCTGGACTTTGGGCTACATGCTGAACCTGACCAAC
ATGATCCCAGCTGAGCAACCATTGTCCACACCTCTCTCCCACTCCACCTATGTCTTCCTC
ATGGTTCTATTCTCCCTGGTCCTTTTCACAGTGGCCATCATAGGCTTGCTTATCTTTCAC
AAGCCTTCATATTTCTGGAAAGATATGGTATAG

1. Maliszewski CR, Delespesse GJ, Schoenborn MA, Armitage RJ, Fanslow WC, Nakajima T, Baker E, Sutherland GR, Poindexter K, Birks C, et al.: The CD39 lymphoid cell activation antigen. Molecular cloning and structural characterization. J Immunol. 1994 Oct 15;153(8):3574-83. [PubMed ]
2. Robson SC, Kaczmarek E, Siegel JB, Candinas D, Koziak K, Millan M, Hancock WW, Bach FH: Loss of ATP diphosphohydrolase activity with endothelial cell activation. J Exp Med. 1997 Jan 6;185(1):153-63. [PubMed ]
3. Matsumoto M, Sakurai Y, Kokubo T, Yagi H, Makita K, Matsui T, Titani K, Fujimura Y, Narita N: The cDNA cloning of human placental ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolases I and II. FEBS Lett. 1999 Jun 25;453(3):335-40. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [PubMed ]
6. Christoforidis S, Papamarcaki T, Galaris D, Kellner R, Tsolas O: Purification and properties of human placental ATP diphosphohydrolase. Eur J Biochem. 1995 Nov 15;234(1):66-74. [PubMed ]
7. Makita K, Shimoyama T, Sakurai Y, Yagi H, Matsumoto M, Narita N, Sakamoto Y, Saito S, Ikeda Y, Suzuki M, Titani K, Fujimura Y: Placental ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase: its structural feature distinct from CD39, localization and inhibition on shear-induced platelet aggregation. Int J Hematol. 1998 Oct;68(3):297-310. [PubMed ]
8. Kaczmarek E, Koziak K, Sevigny J, Siegel JB, Anrather J, Beaudoin AR, Bach FH, Robson SC: Identification and characterization of CD39/vascular ATP diphosphohydrolase. J Biol Chem. 1996 Dec 20;271(51):33116-22. [PubMed ]
9. Wang TF, Guidotti G: CD39 is an ecto-(Ca2+,Mg2+)-apyrase. J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 26;271(17):9898-901. [PubMed ]
10. Koziak K, Kaczmarek E, Kittel A, Sevigny J, Blusztajn JK, Schulte Am Esch J 2nd, Imai M, Guckelberger O, Goepfert C, Qawi I, Robson SC: Palmitoylation targets CD39/endothelial ATP diphosphohydrolase to caveolae. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jan 21;275(3):2057-62. [PubMed ]
11. Wang Y, Du D, Fang L, Yang G, Zhang C, Zeng R, Ullrich A, Lottspeich F, Chen Z: Tyrosine phosphorylated Par3 regulates epithelial tight junction assembly promoted by EGFR signaling. EMBO J. 2006 Nov 1;25(21):5058-70. Epub 2006 Oct 19. [PubMed ]
12. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. [PubMed ]

1. SCAN-1
2. Apyrase homolog
3. Putative MAPK-activating protein PM09
4. Putative NF-kappa-B-activating protein 107

MPVQLSEHPEWNESMHSLRISVGGLPVLASMTKAADPRFRPRWKVILTFFVGAAILWLLC
SHRPAPGRPPTHNAHNWRLGQAPANWYNDTYPLSPPQRTPAGIRYRIAVIADLDTESRAQ
EENTWFSYLKKGYLTLSDSGDKVAVEWDKDHGVLESHLAEKGRGMELSDLIVFNGKLYSV
DDRTGVVYQIEGSKAVPWVILSDGDGTVEKGFKAEWLAVKDERLYVGGLGKEWTTTTGDV
VNENPEWVKVVGYKGSVDHENWVSNYNALRAAAGIQPPGYLIHESACWSDTLQRWFFLPR
RASQERYSEKDDERKGANLLLSASPDFGDIAVSHVGAVVPTHGFSSFKFIPNTDDQIIVA
LKSEEDSGRVASYIMAFTLDGRFLLPETKIGSVKYEGIEFI

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• a nucleoside diphosphate + H2O = a nucleotide + phosphate [RN:R00329]

• Apyrase (PF06079 )

• None

• 45-62

ATGCCCGTGCAGCTGTCTGAGCACCCGGAATGGAATGAGTCTATGCACTCCCTCCGGATC
AGTGTGGGGGGCCTTCCTGTGCTGGCGTCCATGACCAAGGCCGCGGACCCCCGCTTCCGC
CCCCGCTGGAAGGTGATCCTGACGTTCTTTGTGGGTGCTGCCATCCTCTGGCTGCTCTGC
TCCCACCGCCCGGCCCCCGGCAGGCCCCCCACCCACAATGCACACAACTGGAGGCTCGGC
CAGGCGCCCGCCAACTGGTACAATGACACCTACCCCCTGTCTCCCCCACAAAGGACACCG
GCTGGGATTCGGTATCGAATCGCAGTTATCGCAGACCTGGACACAGAGTCAAGGGCCCAA
GAGGAAAACACCTGGTTCAGTTACCTGAAAAAGGGCTACCTGACCCTGTCAGACAGTGGG
GACAAGGTGGCCGTGGAATGGGACAAAGACCATGGGGTCCTGGAGTCCCACCTGGCGGAG
AAGGGGAGAGGCATGGAGCTATCCGACCTGATTGTTTTCAATGGGAAACTCTACTCCGTG
GATGACCGGACGGGGGTCGTCTACCAGATCGAAGGCAGCAAAGCCGTGCCCTGGGTGATT
CTGTCCGACGGCGACGGCACCGTGGAGAAAGGCTTCAAGGCCGAATGGCTGGCAGTGAAG
GACGAGCGTCTGTACGTGGGCGGCCTGGGCAAGGAGTGGACGACCACTACGGGTGATGTG
GTGAACGAGAACCCGGAGTGGGTGAAGGTGGTGGGCTACAAGGGCAGCGTGGACCACGAG
AACTGGGTGTCCAACTACAACGCCCTGCGGGCTGCTGCCGGCATCCAGCCGCCAGGCTAC
CTCATCCATGAGTCTGCCTGCTGGAGTGACACGCTGCAGCGCTGGTTCTTCCTGCCGCGC
CGCGCCAGCCAGGAGCGCTACAGCGAGAAGGACGACGAGCGCAAGGGCGCCAACCTGCTG
CTGAGCGCCTCCCCTGACTTCGGCGACATCGCTGTGAGCCACGTCGGGGCGGTGGTCCCC
ACTCACGGCTTCTCGTCCTTCAAGTTCATCCCCAACACCGACGACCAGATCATTGTGGCC
CTCAAATCCGAGGAGGACAGCGGCAGAGTCGCCTCCTACATCATGGCCTTCACGCTGGAC
GGGCGCTTCCTGTTGCCGGAGACCAAGATCGGAAGCGTGAAATACGAAGGCATCGAGTTC
ATTTAA

1. Smith TM, Hicks-Berger CA, Kim S, Kirley TL: Cloning, expression, and characterization of a soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase, a human enzyme belonging to a new family of extracellular nucleotidases. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2002 Oct 1;406(1):105-15. [PubMed ]
2. Matsuda A, Suzuki Y, Honda G, Muramatsu S, Matsuzaki O, Nagano Y, Doi T, Shimotohno K, Harada T, Nishida E, Hayashi H, Sugano S: Large-scale identification and characterization of human genes that activate NF-kappaB and MAPK signaling pathways. Oncogene. 2003 May 22;22(21):3307-18. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Failer BU, Braun N, Zimmermann H: Cloning, expression, and functional characterization of a Ca(2+)-dependent endoplasmic reticulum nucleoside diphosphatase. J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 4;277(40):36978-86. Epub 2002 Aug 6. [PubMed ]
6. Yang M, Kirley TL: Site-directed mutagenesis of human soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase 1 (hSCAN-1): identification of residues essential for enzyme activity and the Ca(2+)-induced conformational change. Biochemistry. 2004 Jul 20;43(28):9185-94. [PubMed ]
7. Dai J, Liu J, Deng Y, Smith TM, Lu M: Structure and protein design of a human platelet function inhibitor. Cell. 2004 Mar 5;116(5):649-59. [PubMed ]
8. Huber C, Oules B, Bertoli M, Chami M, Fradin M, Alanay Y, Al-Gazali LI, Ausems MG, Bitoun P, Cavalcanti DP, Krebs A, Le Merrer M, Mortier G, Shafeghati Y, Superti-Furga A, Robertson SP, Le Goff C, Muda AO, Paterlini-Brechot P, Munnich A, Cormier-Daire V: Identification of CANT1 mutations in Desbuquois dysplasia. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Nov;85(5):706-10. Epub 2009 Oct 22. [PubMed ]

1. NTPDase 3
2. CD39 antigen-like 3
3. Ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase 3
4. Ecto-ATPDase 3
5. Ecto-ATPase 3
6. Ecto-apyrase 3
7. HB6

MFTVLTRQPCEQAGLKALYRTPTIIALVVLLVSIVVLVSITVIQIHKQEVLPPGLKYGIV
LDAGSSRTTVYVYQWPAEKENNTGVVSQTFKCSVKGSGISSYGNNPQDVPRAFEECMQKV
KGQVPSHLHGSTPIHLGATAGMRLLRLQNETAANEVLESIQSYFKSQPFDFRGAQIISGQ
EEGVYGWITANYLMGNFLEKNLWHMWVHPHGVETTGALDLGGASTQISFVAGEKMDLNTS
DIMQVSLYGYVYTLYTHSFQCYGRNEAEKKFLAMLLQNSPTKNHLTNPCYPRDYSISFTM
GHVFDSLCTVDQRPESYNPNDVITFEGTGDPSLCKEKVASIFDFKACHDQETCSFDGVYQ
PKIKGPFVAFAGFYYTASALNLSGSFSLDTFNSSTWNFCSQNWSQLPLLLPKFDEVYARS
YCFSANYIYHLFVNGYKFTEETWPQIHFEKEVGNSSIAWSLGYMLSLTNQIPAESPLIRL
PIEPPVFVGTLAFFTAAALLCLAFLAYLCSATRRKRHSEHAFDHAVDSD

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• ATP + 2 H2O = AMP + 2 phosphate [RN:R00085]

• GDA1_CD39 (PF01150 )

• None

• 23-43 486-506

ATGTTCACTGTGCTGACCCGCCAACCATGTGAGCAAGCAGGCCTCAAGGCCCTCTACCGA
ACTCCAACCATCATTGCCTTGGTGGTCTTGCTTGTGAGTATTGTGGTACTTGTGAGTATC
ACTGTCATCCAGATCCACAAGCAAGAGGTCCTCCCTCCAGGACTGAAGTATGGTATTGTG
CTGGATGCCGGGTCTTCAAGAACCACAGTCTACGTGTATCAATGGCCAGCAGAAAAAGAG
AATAATACCGGAGTGGTCAGTCAAACCTTCAAATGTAGTGTGAAAGGCTCTGGAATCTCC
AGCTATGGAAATAACCCCCAAGATGTCCCCAGAGCCTTTGAGGAGTGTATGCAAAAAGTC
AAGGGGCAGGTTCCATCCCACCTCCACGGATCCACCCCCATTCACCTGGGAGCCACGGCT
GGGATGCGCTTGCTGAGGTTGCAAAATGAAACAGCAGCTAATGAAGTCCTTGAAAGCATC
CAAAGCTACTTCAAGTCCCAGCCCTTTGACTTTAGGGGTGCTCAAATCATTTCTGGGCAA
GAAGAAGGGGTATATGGATGGATTACAGCCAACTATTTAATGGGAAATTTCCTGGAGAAG
AACCTGTGGCACATGTGGGTGCACCCGCATGGAGTGGAAACCACGGGTGCCCTGGACTTA
GGTGGTGCCTCCACCCAAATATCCTTCGTGGCAGGAGAGAAGATGGATCTGAACACCAGC
GACATCATGCAGGTGTCCCTGTATGGCTACGTATACACGCTCTACACACACAGCTTCCAG
TGCTATGGCCGGAATGAGGCTGAGAAGAAGTTTCTGGCAATGCTCCTGCAGAATTCTCCT
ACCAAAAACCATCTCACCAATCCCTGTTACCCTCGGGATTATAGCATCAGCTTCACCATG
GGCCATGTATTTGATAGCCTGTGCACTGTGGACCAGAGGCCAGAAAGTTATAACCCCAAT
GATGTCATCACTTTTGAAGGAACTGGGGACCCATCTCTGTGTAAGGAGAAGGTGGCTTCC
ATATTTGACTTCAAAGCTTGCCATGATCAAGAAACCTGTTCTTTTGATGGGGTTTATCAG
CCAAAGATTAAAGGGCCATTTGTGGCTTTTGCAGGATTCTACTACACAGCCAGTGCTTTA
AATCTTTCAGGTAGCTTTTCCCTGGACACCTTCAACTCCAGCACCTGGAATTTCTGCTCA
CAGAATTGGAGTCAGCTCCCACTGCTGCTCCCCAAATTTGATGAGGTATATGCCCGCTCT
TACTGCTTCTCAGCCAACTACATCTACCACTTGTTTGTGAACGGTTACAAATTCACAGAG
GAGACTTGGCCCCAAATACACTTTGAAAAAGAAGTGGGGAATAGCAGCATAGCCTGGTCT
CTTGGCTACATGCTCAGCCTGACCAACCAGATCCCAGCTGAAAGCCCTCTGATCCGTCTG
CCCATAGAACCACCTGTCTTTGTGGGCACCCTCGCTTTCTTCACAGCGGCAGCCTTGCTG
TGTCTGGCATTTCTTGCATACCTGTGTTCAGCAACCAGAAGAAAGAGGCACTCCGAGCAT
GCCTTTGACCATGCAGTGGATTCTGACTGA

1. Chadwick BP, Frischauf AM: The CD39-like gene family: identification of three new human members (CD39L2, CD39L3, and CD39L4), their murine homologues, and a member of the gene family from Drosophila melanogaster. Genomics. 1998 Jun 15;50(3):357-67. [PubMed ]
2. Smith TM, Kirley TL: Cloning, sequencing, and expression of a human brain ecto-apyrase related to both the ecto-ATPases and CD39 ecto-apyrases1. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Jul 28;1386(1):65-78. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Smith TM, Lewis Carl SA, Kirley TL: Mutagenesis of two conserved tryptophan residues of the E-type ATPases: inactivation and conversion of an ecto-apyrase to an ecto-NTPase. Biochemistry. 1999 May 4;38(18):5849-57. [PubMed ]
5. Yang F, Hicks-Berger CA, Smith TM, Kirley TL: Site-directed mutagenesis of human nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3: the importance of residues in the apyrase conserved regions. Biochemistry. 2001 Apr 3;40(13):3943-50. [PubMed ]

1. NDK
2. NDP kinase, mitochondrial
3. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase D
4. NDPKD
5. nm23-H4

MGGLFWRSALRGLRCGPRAPGPSLLVRHGSGGPSWTRERTLVAVKPDGVQRRLVGDVIQR
FERRGFTLVGMKMLQAPESVLAEHYQDLRRKPFYPALIRYMSSGPVVAMVWEGYNVVRAS
RAMIGHTDSAEAAPGTIRGDFSVHISRNVIHASDSVEGAQREIQLWFQSSELVSWADGGQ
HSSIHPA

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate [RN:R00331]

• NDK (PF00334 )

• None

• None

ATGGGCGGCCTCTTCTGGCGCTCCGCGCTGCGGGGGCTGCGCTGCGGCCCGCGGGCCCCG
GGCCCGAGCCTGCTAGTGCGCCACGGCTCGGGAGGGCCCTCCTGGACCCGGGAGCGGACC
CTGGTGGCGGTGAAGCCCGATGGCGTGCAACGGCGGCTCGTTGGGGACGTGATCCAGCGC
TTTGAGAGGCGGGGCTTCACGCTGGTGGGGATGAAGATGCTGCAGGCACCAGAGAGCGTC
CTTGCCGAGCACTACCAGGACCTGCGGAGGAAGCCCTTCTACCCTGCCCTCATCCGCTAC
ATGAGCTCTGGGCCTGTGGTGGCCATGGTCTGGGAAGGGTACAATGTCGTCCGCGCCTCG
AGGGCCATGATTGGACACACCGACTCGGCTGAGGCTGCCCCAGGAACCATAAGGGGTGAC
TTCAGCGTCCACATCAGCAGGAATGTCATCCACGCCAGCGACTCCGTGGAGGGGGCCCAG
CGGGAGATCCAGCTGTGGTTCCAGAGCAGTGAGCTGGTGAGCTGGGCAGACGGGGGCCAG
CACAGCAGCATCCACCCAGCCTGA

1. Milon L, Rousseau-Merck MF, Munier A, Erent M, Lascu I, Capeau J, Lacombe ML: nm23-H4, a new member of the family of human nm23/nucleoside diphosphate kinase genes localised on chromosome 16p13. Hum Genet. 1997 Apr;99(4):550-7. [PubMed ]
2. Daniels RJ, Peden JF, Lloyd C, Horsley SW, Clark K, Tufarelli C, Kearney L, Buckle VJ, Doggett NA, Flint J, Higgs DR: Sequence, structure and pathology of the fully annotated terminal 2 Mb of the short arm of human chromosome 16. Hum Mol Genet. 2001 Feb 15;10(4):339-52. [PubMed ]
3. Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, Xie G, Hellsten U, Chan YM, Altherr M, Couronne O, Aerts A, Bajorek E, Black S, Blumer H, Branscomb E, Brown NC, Bruno WJ, Buckingham JM, Callen DF, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Campbell EW, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chasteen LA, Chertkov O, Chi HC, Christensen M, Clark LM, Cohn JD, Denys M, Detter JC, Dickson M, Dimitrijevic-Bussod M, Escobar J, Fawcett JJ, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Goodwin LA, Grady DL, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Hildebrand CE, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Jewett PB, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Krawczyk MC, Leyba T, Longmire JL, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Ludeman T, Manohar CF, Mark GA, McMurray KL, Meincke LJ, Morgan J, Moyzis RK, Mundt MO, Munk AC, Nandkeshwar RD, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Parson-Quintana B, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Ricke DO, Robinson DL, Rodriguez A, Salamov A, Saunders EH, Scott D, Shough T, Stallings RL, Stalvey M, Sutherland RD, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Torney DC, Tran-Gyamfi M, Tsai M, Ulanovsky LE, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, White PS, Williams AL, Wills PL, Wu JR, Wu K, Yang J, Dejong P, Bruce D, Doggett NA, Deaven L, Schmutz J, Grimwood J, Richardson P, Rokhsar DS, Eichler EE, Gilna P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Pennacchio LA: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16. Nature. 2004 Dec 23;432(7020):988-94. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Milon L, Meyer P, Chiadmi M, Munier A, Johansson M, Karlsson A, Lascu I, Capeau J, Janin J, Lacombe ML: The human nm23-H4 gene product is a mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase. J Biol Chem. 2000 May 12;275(19):14264-72. [PubMed ]
6. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. NDK A
2. NDP kinase A
3. Granzyme A-activated DNase
4. GAAD
5. Metastasis inhibition factor nm23
6. Tumor metastatic process-associated protein
7. nm23-H1

MANCERTFIAIKPDGVQRGLVGEIIKRFEQKGFRLVGLKFMQASEDLLKEHYVDLKDRPF
FAGLVKYMHSGPVVAMVWEGLNVVKTGRVMLGETNPADSKPGTIRGDFCIQVGRNIIHGS
DSVESAEKEIGLWFHPEELVDYTSCAQNWIYE

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate [RN:R00331]

• NDK (PF00334 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCAACTGTGAGCGTACCTTCATTGCGATCAAACCAGATGGGGTCCAGCGGGGTCTT
GTGGGAGAGATTATCAAGCGTTTTGAGCAGAAAGGATTCCGCCTTGTTGGTCTGAAATTC
ATGCAAGCTTCCGAAGATCTTCTCAAGGAACACTACGTTGACCTGAAGGACCGTCCATTC
TTTGCCGGCCTGGTGAAATACATGCACTCAGGGCCGGTAGTTGCCATGGTCTGGGAGGGG
CTGAATGTGGTGAAGACGGGCCGAGTCATGCTCGGGGAGACCAACCCTGCAGACTCCAAG
CCTGGGACCATCCGTGGAGACTTCTGCATACAAGTTGGCAGGAACATTATACATGGCAGT
GATTCTGTGGAGAGTGCAGAGAAGGAGATCGGCTTGTGGTTTCACCCTGAGGAACTGGTA
GATTACACGAGCTGTGCTCAGAACTGGATCTATGAATGA

1. Rosengard AM, Krutzsch HC, Shearn A, Biggs JR, Barker E, Margulies IM, King CR, Liotta LA, Steeg PS: Reduced Nm23/Awd protein in tumour metastasis and aberrant Drosophila development. Nature. 1989 Nov 9;342(6246):177-80. [PubMed ]
2. Gilles AM, Presecan E, Vonica A, Lascu I: Nucleoside diphosphate kinase from human erythrocytes. Structural characterization of the two polypeptide chains responsible for heterogeneity of the hexameric enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1991 May 15;266(14):8784-9. [PubMed ]
3. Wang L, Patel U, Ghosh L, Chen HC, Banerjee S: Mutation in the nm23 gene is associated with metastasis in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res. 1993 Feb 15;53(4):717-20. [PubMed ]
4. Dooley S, Seib T, Engel M, Theisinger B, Janz H, Piontek K, Zang KD, Welter C: Isolation and characterization of the human genomic locus coding for the putative metastasis control gene nm23-H1. Hum Genet. 1994 Jan;93(1):63-6. [PubMed ]
5. Ni X, Gu S, Dai J, Cheng H, Guo L, Li L, Ji C, Xie Y, Ying K, Mao Y: Isolation and characterization of a novel human NM23-H1B gene, a different transcript of NM23-H1. J Hum Genet. 2003;48(2):96-100. [PubMed ]
6. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
7. Zody MC, Garber M, Adams DJ, Sharpe T, Harrow J, Lupski JR, Nicholson C, Searle SM, Wilming L, Young SK, Abouelleil A, Allen NR, Bi W, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Bugalter BE, Butler J, Chang JL, Chen CK, Cook A, Corum B, Cuomo CA, de Jong PJ, DeCaprio D, Dewar K, FitzGerald M, Gilbert J, Gibson R, Gnerre S, Goldstein S, Grafham DV, Grocock R, Hafez N, Hagopian DS, Hart E, Norman CH, Humphray S, Jaffe DB, Jones M, Kamal M, Khodiyar VK, LaButti K, Laird G, Lehoczky J, Liu X, Lokyitsang T, Loveland J, Lui A, Macdonald P, Major JE, Matthews L, Mauceli E, McCarroll SA, Mihalev AH, Mudge J, Nguyen C, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Osoegawa K, Schwartz DC, Shaw-Smith C, Stankiewicz P, Steward C, Swarbreck D, Venkataraman V, Whittaker CA, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Bradley A, Hubbard T, Birren BW, Rogers J, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage. Nature. 2006 Apr 20;440(7087):1045-9. [PubMed ]
8. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
9. Hailat N, Keim DR, Melhem RF, Zhu XX, Eckerskorn C, Brodeur GM, Reynolds CP, Seeger RC, Lottspeich F, Strahler JR, et al.: High levels of p19/nm23 protein in neuroblastoma are associated with advanced stage disease and with N-myc gene amplification. J Clin Invest. 1991 Jul;88(1):341-5. [PubMed ]
10. MacDonald NJ, Freije JM, Stracke ML, Manrow RE, Steeg PS: Site-directed mutagenesis of nm23-H1. Mutation of proline 96 or serine 120 abrogates its motility inhibitory activity upon transfection into human breast carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem. 1996 Oct 11;271(41):25107-16. [PubMed ]
11. Manda R, Kohno T, Matsuno Y, Takenoshita S, Kuwano H, Yokota J: Identification of genes (SPON2 and C20orf2) differentially expressed between cancerous and noncancerous lung cells by mRNA differential display. Genomics. 1999 Oct 1;61(1):5-14. [PubMed ]
12. Fan Z, Beresford PJ, Oh DY, Zhang D, Lieberman J: Tumor suppressor NM23-H1 is a granzyme A-activated DNase during CTL-mediated apoptosis, and the nucleosome assembly protein SET is its inhibitor. Cell. 2003 Mar 7;112(5):659-72. [PubMed ]
13. Valentijn LJ, Koster J, Versteeg R: Read-through transcript from NM23-H1 into the neighboring NM23-H2 gene encodes a novel protein, NM23-LV. Genomics. 2006 Apr;87(4):483-9. Epub 2006 Jan 25. [PubMed ]
14. Meierhofer D, Wang X, Huang L, Kaiser P: Quantitative analysis of global ubiquitination in HeLa cells by mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2008 Oct;7(10):4566-76. Epub 2008 Sep 10. [PubMed ]
15. Garzia L, D'Angelo A, Amoresano A, Knauer SK, Cirulli C, Campanella C, Stauber RH, Steegborn C, Iolascon A, Zollo M: Phosphorylation of nm23-H1 by CKI induces its complex formation with h-prune and promotes cell motility. Oncogene. 2008 Mar 20;27(13):1853-64. Epub 2007 Oct 1. [PubMed ]
16. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
17. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
18. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
19. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
20. Min K, Song HK, Chang C, Kim SY, Lee KJ, Suh SW: Crystal structure of human nucleoside diphosphate kinase A, a metastasis suppressor. Proteins. 2002 Feb 15;46(3):340-2. [PubMed ]
21. Chen Y, Gallois-Montbrun S, Schneider B, Veron M, Morera S, Deville-Bonne D, Janin J: Nucleotide binding to nucleoside diphosphate kinases: X-ray structure of human NDPK-A in complex with ADP and comparison to protein kinases. J Mol Biol. 2003 Sep 26;332(4):915-26. [PubMed ]
22. Chang CL, Zhu XX, Thoraval DH, Ungar D, Rawwas J, Hora N, Strahler JR, Hanash SM, Radany E: Nm23-H1 mutation in neuroblastoma. Nature. 1994 Aug 4;370(6488):335-6. [PubMed ]

1. NDK B
2. NDP kinase B
3. C-myc purine-binding transcription factor PUF
4. nm23-H2

MANLERTFIAIKPDGVQRGLVGEIIKRFEQKGFRLVAMKFLRASEEHLKQHYIDLKDRPF
FPGLVKYMNSGPVVAMVWEGLNVVKTGRVMLGETNPADSKPGTIRGDFCIQVGRNIIHGS
DSVKSAEKEISLWFKPEELVDYKSCAHDWVYE

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate [RN:R00331]

• NDK (PF00334 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCAACCTGGAGCGCACCTTCATCGCCATCAAGCCGGACGGCGTGCAGCGCGGCCTG
GTGGGCGAGATCATCAAGCGCTTCGAGCAGAAGGGATTCCGCCTCGTGGCCATGAAGTTC
CTCCGGGCCTCTGAAGAACACCTGAAGCAGCACTACATTGACCTGAAAGACCGACCATTC
TTCCCTGGGCTGGTGAAGTACATGAACTCAGGGCCGGTTGTGGCCATGGTCTGGGAGGGG
CTGAACGTGGTGAAGACAGGCCGAGTGATGCTTGGGGAGACCAATCCAGCAGATTCAAAG
CCAGGCACCATTCGTGGGGACTTCTGCATTCAGGTTGGCAGGAACATCATTCATGGCAGT
GATTCAGTAAAAAGTGCTGAAAAAGAAATCAGCCTATGGTTTAAGCCTGAAGAACTGGTT
GACTACAAGTCTTGTGCTCATGACTGGGTCTATGAATAA

1. Stahl JA, Leone A, Rosengard AM, Porter L, King CR, Steeg PS: Identification of a second human nm23 gene, nm23-H2. Cancer Res. 1991 Jan 1;51(1):445-9. [PubMed ]
2. Gilles AM, Presecan E, Vonica A, Lascu I: Nucleoside diphosphate kinase from human erythrocytes. Structural characterization of the two polypeptide chains responsible for heterogeneity of the hexameric enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1991 May 15;266(14):8784-9. [PubMed ]
3. Postel EH, Berberich SJ, Flint SJ, Ferrone CA: Human c-myc transcription factor PuF identified as nm23-H2 nucleoside diphosphate kinase, a candidate suppressor of tumor metastasis. Science. 1993 Jul 23;261(5120):478-80. [PubMed ]
4. Valentijn LJ, Koster J, Versteeg R: Read-through transcript from NM23-H1 into the neighboring NM23-H2 gene encodes a novel protein, NM23-LV. Genomics. 2006 Apr;87(4):483-9. Epub 2006 Jan 25. [PubMed ]
5. Zody MC, Garber M, Adams DJ, Sharpe T, Harrow J, Lupski JR, Nicholson C, Searle SM, Wilming L, Young SK, Abouelleil A, Allen NR, Bi W, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Bugalter BE, Butler J, Chang JL, Chen CK, Cook A, Corum B, Cuomo CA, de Jong PJ, DeCaprio D, Dewar K, FitzGerald M, Gilbert J, Gibson R, Gnerre S, Goldstein S, Grafham DV, Grocock R, Hafez N, Hagopian DS, Hart E, Norman CH, Humphray S, Jaffe DB, Jones M, Kamal M, Khodiyar VK, LaButti K, Laird G, Lehoczky J, Liu X, Lokyitsang T, Loveland J, Lui A, Macdonald P, Major JE, Matthews L, Mauceli E, McCarroll SA, Mihalev AH, Mudge J, Nguyen C, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Osoegawa K, Schwartz DC, Shaw-Smith C, Stankiewicz P, Steward C, Swarbreck D, Venkataraman V, Whittaker CA, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Bradley A, Hubbard T, Birren BW, Rogers J, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage. Nature. 2006 Apr 20;440(7087):1045-9. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Seifert M, Seib T, Engel M, Dooley S, Welter C: Characterization of the human nm23-H2 promoter region and localization of the microsatellite D17S396. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Oct 24;215(3):910-4. [PubMed ]
8. Iwashita S, Fujii M, Mukai H, Ono Y, Miyamoto M: Lbc proto-oncogene product binds to and could be negatively regulated by metastasis suppressor nm23-H2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Aug 6;320(4):1063-8. [PubMed ]
9. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
10. Heibeck TH, Ding SJ, Opresko LK, Zhao R, Schepmoes AA, Yang F, Tolmachev AV, Monroe ME, Camp DG 2nd, Smith RD, Wiley HS, Qian WJ: An extensive survey of tyrosine phosphorylation revealing new sites in human mammary epithelial cells. J Proteome Res. 2009 Aug;8(8):3852-61. [PubMed ]
11. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
12. Webb PA, Perisic O, Mendola CE, Backer JM, Williams RL: The crystal structure of a human nucleoside diphosphate kinase, NM23-H2. J Mol Biol. 1995 Aug 25;251(4):574-87. [PubMed ]
13. Morera S, Lacombe ML, Xu Y, LeBras G, Janin J: X-ray structure of human nucleoside diphosphate kinase B complexed with GDP at 2 A resolution. Structure. 1995 Dec 15;3(12):1307-14. [PubMed ]

1. NDK 6
2. NDP kinase 6
3. Inhibitor of p53-induced apoptosis-alpha
4. IPIA-alpha
5. nm23-H6

MASILRSPQALQLTLALIKPDAVAHPLILEAVHQQILSNKFLIVRMRELLWRKEDCQRFY
REHEGRFFYQRLVEFMASGPIRAYILAHKDAIQLWRTLMGPTRVFRARHVAPDSIRGSFG
LTDTRNTTHGSDSVVSASREIAAFFPDFSEQRWYEEEEPQLRCGPVCYSPEGGVHYVAGT
GGLGPA

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate [RN:R00331]

• NDK (PF00334 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCTCAATCTTGCGAAGCCCTCAGGCTCTCCAGCTCACTCTAGCCCTGATCAAGCCT
GACGCAGTCGCCCATCCACTGATTCTGGAGGCTGTTCATCAGCAGATTCTAAGCAACAAG
TTCCTGATTGTACGAATGAGAGAACTACTGTGGAGAAAGGAAGATTGCCAGAGGTTTTAC
CGAGAGCATGAAGGGCGTTTTTTCTATCAGAGGCTGGTGGAGTTCATGGCCAGCGGGCCA
ATCCGAGCCTACATCCTTGCCCACAAGGATGCCATCCAGCTCTGGAGGACGCTCATGGGA
CCCACCAGAGTGTTCCGAGCACGCCATGTGGCCCCAGATTCTATCCGTGGGAGTTTCGGC
CTCACTGACACCCGCAACACCACCCATGGTTCGGACTCTGTGGTTTCAGCCAGCAGAGAG
ATTGCAGCCTTCTTCCCTGACTTCAGTGAACAGCGCTGGTATGAGGAGGAAGAGCCCCAG
TTGCGCTGTGGCCCTGTGTGCTATAGCCCAGAGGGAGGTGTCCACTATGTAGCTGGAACA
GGAGGCCTAGGACCAGCCTGA

1. Mehus JG, Deloukas P, Lambeth DO: NME6: a new member of the nm23/nucleoside diphosphate kinase gene family located on human chromosome 3p21.3. Hum Genet. 1999 Jun;104(6):454-9. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Muzny DM, Scherer SE, Kaul R, Wang J, Yu J, Sudbrak R, Buhay CJ, Chen R, Cree A, Ding Y, Dugan-Rocha S, Gill R, Gunaratne P, Harris RA, Hawes AC, Hernandez J, Hodgson AV, Hume J, Jackson A, Khan ZM, Kovar-Smith C, Lewis LR, Lozado RJ, Metzker ML, Milosavljevic A, Miner GR, Morgan MB, Nazareth LV, Scott G, Sodergren E, Song XZ, Steffen D, Wei S, Wheeler DA, Wright MW, Worley KC, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Adams CQ, Ansari-Lari MA, Ayele M, Brown MJ, Chen G, Chen Z, Clendenning J, Clerc-Blankenburg KP, Chen R, Chen Z, Davis C, Delgado O, Dinh HH, Dong W, Draper H, Ernst S, Fu G, Gonzalez-Garay ML, Garcia DK, Gillett W, Gu J, Hao B, Haugen E, Havlak P, He X, Hennig S, Hu S, Huang W, Jackson LR, Jacob LS, Kelly SH, Kube M, Levy R, Li Z, Liu B, Liu J, Liu W, Lu J, Maheshwari M, Nguyen BV, Okwuonu GO, Palmeiri A, Pasternak S, Perez LM, Phelps KA, Plopper FJ, Qiang B, Raymond C, Rodriguez R, Saenphimmachak C, Santibanez J, Shen H, Shen Y, Subramanian S, Tabor PE, Verduzco D, Waldron L, Wang J, Wang J, Wang Q, Williams GA, Wong GK, Yao Z, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhao G, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Nelson D, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Naylor SL, Yang H, Olson M, Weinstock G, Gibbs RA: The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3. Nature. 2006 Apr 27;440(7088):1194-8. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]

1. Hexokinase type IV
2. HK IV
3. Hexokinase-4
4. HK4
5. Hexokinase-D

MLDDRARMEAAKKEKVEQILAEFQLQEEDLKKVMRRMQKEMDRGLRLETHEEASVKMLPT
YVRSTPEGSEVGDFLSLDLGGTNFRVMLVKVGEGEEGQWSVKTKHQMYSIPEDAMTGTAE
MLFDYISECISDFLDKHQMKHKKLPLGFTFSFPVRHEDIDKGILLNWTKGFKASGAEGNN
VVGLLRDAIKRRGDFEMDVVAMVNDTVATMISCYYEDHQCEVGMIVGTGCNACYMEEMQN
VELVEGDEGRMCVNTEWGAFGDSGELDEFLLEYDRLVDESSANPGQQLYEKLIGGKYMGE
LVRLVLLRLVDENLLFHGEASEQLRTRGAFETRFVSQVESDTGDRKQIYNILSTLGLRPS
TTDCDIVRRACESVSTRAAHMCSAGLAGVINRMRESRSEDVMRITVGVDGSVYKLHPSFK
ERFHASVRRLTPSCEITFIESEEGSGRGAALVSAVACKKACMLGQ

• Galactose Metabolism (map00052 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Starch and Sucrose Metabolism (map00500 )
• Streptomycin biosynthesis (map00521 )

• ATP + D-glucose = ADP + D-glucose 6-phosphate [RN:R00299]

• Hexokinase_1 (PF00349 )
• Hexokinase_2 (PF03727 )

• None

• None

ATGCTGGACGACAGAGCCAGGATGGAGGCCGCCAAGAAGGAGAAGGTAGAGCAGATCCTG
GCAGAGTTCCAGCTGCAGGAGGAGGACCTGAAGAAGGTGATGAGACGGATGCAGAAGGAG
ATGGACCGCGGCCTGAGGCTGGAGACCCATGAAGAGGCCAGTGTGAAGATGCTGCCCACC
TACGTGCGCTCCACCCCAGAAGGCTCAGAAGTCGGGGACTTCCTCTCCCTGGACCTGGGT
GGCACTAACTTCAGGGTGATGCTGGTGAAGGTGGGAGAAGGTGAGGAGGGGCAGTGGAGC
GTGAAGACCAAACACCAGATGTACTCCATCCCCGAGGACGCCATGACCGGCACTGCTGAG
ATGCTCTTCGACTACATCTCTGAGTGCATCTCCGACTTCCTGGACAAGCATCAGATGAAA
CACAAGAAGCTGCCCCTGGGCTTCACCTTCTCCTTTCCTGTGAGGCACGAAGACATCGAT
AAGGGCATCCTTCTCAACTGGACCAAGGGCTTCAAGGCCTCAGGAGCAGAAGGGAACAAT
GTCGTGGGGCTTCTGCGAGACGCTATCAAACGGAGAGGGGACTTTGAAATGGATGTGGTG
GCAATGGTGAATGACACGGTGGCCACGATGATCTCCTGCTACTACGAAGACCATCAGTGC
GAGGTCGGCATGATCGTGGGCACGGGCTGCAATGCCTGCTACATGGAGGAGATGCAGAAT
GTGGAGCTGGTGGAGGGGGACGAGGGCCGCATGTGCGTCAATACCGAGTGGGGCGCCTTC
GGGGACTCCGGCGAGCTGGACGAGTTCCTGCTGGAGTATGACCGCCTGGTGGACGAGAGC
TCTGCAAACCCCGGTCAGCAGCTGTATGAGAAGCTCATAGGTGGCAAGTACATGGGCGAG
CTGGTGCGGCTTGTGCTGCTCAGGCTCGTGGACGAAAACCTGCTCTTCCACGGGGAGGCC
TCCGAGCAGCTGCGCACACGCGGAGCCTTCGAGACGCGCTTCGTGTCGCAGGTGGAGAGC
GACACGGGCGACCGCAAGCAGATCTACAACATCCTGAGCACGCTGGGGCTGCGACCCTCG
ACCACCGACTGCGACATCGTGCGCCGCGCCTGCGAGAGCGTGTCTACGCGCGCTGCGCAC
ATGTGCTCGGCGGGGCTGGCGGGCGTCATCAACCGCATGCGCGAGAGCCGCAGCGAGGAC
GTAATGCGCATCACTGTGGGCGTGGATGGCTCCGTGTACAAGCTGCACCCCAGCTTCAAG
GAGCGGTTCCATGCCAGCGTGCGCAGGCTGACGCCCAGCTGCGAGATCACCTTCATCGAG
TCGGAGGAGGGCAGTGGCCGGGGCGCGGCCCTGGTCTCGGCGGTGGCCTGTAAGAAGGCC
TGTATGCTGGGCCAGTGA

1. Tanizawa Y, Matsutani A, Chiu KC, Permutt MA: Human glucokinase gene: isolation, structural characterization, and identification of a microsatellite repeat polymorphism. Mol Endocrinol. 1992 Jul;6(7):1070-81. [PubMed ]
2. Tanizawa Y, Koranyi LI, Welling CM, Permutt MA: Human liver glucokinase gene: cloning and sequence determination of two alternatively spliced cDNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Aug 15;88(16):7294-7. [PubMed ]
3. Nishi S, Stoffel M, Xiang K, Shows TB, Bell GI, Takeda J: Human pancreatic beta-cell glucokinase: cDNA sequence and localization of the polymorphic gene to chromosome 7, band p 13. Diabetologia. 1992 Aug;35(8):743-7. [PubMed ]
4. Koranyi LI, Tanizawa Y, Welling CM, Rabin DU, Permutt MA: Human islet glucokinase gene. Isolation and sequence analysis of full-length cDNA. Diabetes. 1992 Jul;41(7):807-11. [PubMed ]
5. Stoffel M, Froguel P, Takeda J, Zouali H, Vionnet N, Nishi S, Weber IT, Harrison RW, Pilkis SJ, Lesage S, et al.: Human glucokinase gene: isolation, characterization, and identification of two missense mutations linked to early-onset non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 15;89(16):7698-702. [PubMed ]
6. Sakura H, Eto K, Kadowaki H, Simokawa K, Ueno H, Koda N, Fukushima Y, Akanuma Y, Yazaki Y, Kadowaki T: Structure of the human glucokinase gene and identification of a missense mutation in a Japanese patient with early-onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992 Dec;75(6):1571-3. [PubMed ]
7. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
8. Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, Osborne LR, Nakabayashi K, Herbrick JA, Carson AR, Parker-Katiraee L, Skaug J, Khaja R, Zhang J, Hudek AK, Li M, Haddad M, Duggan GE, Fernandez BA, Kanematsu E, Gentles S, Christopoulos CC, Choufani S, Kwasnicka D, Zheng XH, Lai Z, Nusskern D, Zhang Q, Gu Z, Lu F, Zeesman S, Nowaczyk MJ, Teshima I, Chitayat D, Shuman C, Weksberg R, Zackai EH, Grebe TA, Cox SR, Kirkpatrick SJ, Rahman N, Friedman JM, Heng HH, Pelicci PG, Lo-Coco F, Belloni E, Shaffer LG, Pober B, Morton CC, Gusella JF, Bruns GA, Korf BR, Quade BJ, Ligon AH, Ferguson H, Higgins AW, Leach NT, Herrick SR, Lemyre E, Farra CG, Kim HG, Summers AM, Gripp KW, Roberts W, Szatmari P, Winsor EJ, Grzeschik KH, Teebi A, Minassian BA, Kere J, Armengol L, Pujana MA, Estivill X, Wilson MD, Koop BF, Tosi S, Moore GE, Boright AP, Zlotorynski E, Kerem B, Kroisel PM, Petek E, Oscier DG, Mould SJ, Dohner H, Dohner K, Rommens JM, Vincent JB, Venter JC, Li PW, Mural RJ, Adams MD, Tsui LC: Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology. Science. 2003 May 2;300(5620):767-72. Epub 2003 Apr 10. [PubMed ]
9. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
10. St Charles R, Harrison RW, Bell GI, Pilkis SJ, Weber IT: Molecular model of human beta-cell glucokinase built by analogy to the crystal structure of yeast hexokinase B. Diabetes. 1994 Jun;43(6):784-91. [PubMed ]
11. Kamata K, Mitsuya M, Nishimura T, Eiki J, Nagata Y: Structural basis for allosteric regulation of the monomeric allosteric enzyme human glucokinase. Structure. 2004 Mar;12(3):429-38. [PubMed ]
12. Mitsuya M, Kamata K, Bamba M, Watanabe H, Sasaki Y, Sasaki K, Ohyama S, Hosaka H, Nagata Y, Eiki J, Nishimura T: Discovery of novel 3,6-disubstituted 2-pyridinecarboxamide derivatives as GK activators. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 May 15;19(10):2718-21. Epub 2009 Mar 29. [PubMed ]
13. Stoffel M, Patel P, Lo YM, Hattersley AT, Lucassen AM, Page R, Bell JI, Bell GI, Turner RC, Wainscoat JS: Missense glucokinase mutation in maturity-onset diabetes of the young and mutation screening in late-onset diabetes. Nat Genet. 1992 Oct;2(2):153-6. [PubMed ]
14. Chiu KC, Tanizawa Y, Permutt MA: Glucokinase gene variants in the common form of NIDDM. Diabetes. 1993 Apr;42(4):579-82. [PubMed ]
15. Stoffel M, Bell KL, Blackburn CL, Powell KL, Seo TS, Takeda J, Vionnet N, Xiang KS, Gidh-Jain M, Pilkis SJ, et al.: Identification of glucokinase mutations in subjects with gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 1993 Jun;42(6):937-40. [PubMed ]
16. Takeda J, Gidh-Jain M, Xu LZ, Froguel P, Velho G, Vaxillaire M, Cohen D, Shimada F, Makino H, Nishi S, et al.: Structure/function studies of human beta-cell glucokinase. Enzymatic properties of a sequence polymorphism, mutations associated with diabetes, and other site-directed mutants. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jul 15;268(20):15200-4. [PubMed ]
17. Gidh-Jain M, Takeda J, Xu LZ, Lange AJ, Vionnet N, Stoffel M, Froguel P, Velho G, Sun F, Cohen D, et al.: Glucokinase mutations associated with non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus have decreased enzymatic activity: implications for structure/function relationships. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Mar 1;90(5):1932-6. [PubMed ]
18. Hager J, Blanche H, Sun F, Vaxillaire NV, Poller W, Cohen D, Czernichow P, Velho G, Robert JJ, Cohen N, et al.: Six mutations in the glucokinase gene identified in MODY by using a nonradioactive sensitive screening technique. Diabetes. 1994 May;43(5):730-3. [PubMed ]
19. Velho G, Blanche H, Vaxillaire M, Bellanne-Chantelot C, Pardini VC, Timsit J, Passa P, Deschamps I, Robert JJ, Weber IT, Marotta D, Pilkis SJ, Lipkind GM, Bell GI, Froguel P: Identification of 14 new glucokinase mutations and description of the clinical profile of 42 MODY-2 families. Diabetologia. 1997 Feb;40(2):217-24. [PubMed ]
20. Guazzini B, Gaffi D, Mainieri D, Multari G, Cordera R, Bertolini S, Pozza G, Meschi F, Barbetti F: Three novel missense mutations in the glucokinase gene (G80S; E221K; G227C) in Italian subjects with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). Mutations in brief no. 162. Online. Hum Mutat. 1998;12(2):136. [PubMed ]
21. Hattersley AT, Beards F, Ballantyne E, Appleton M, Harvey R, Ellard S: Mutations in the glucokinase gene of the fetus result in reduced birth weight. Nat Genet. 1998 Jul;19(3):268-70. [PubMed ]
22. Glaser B, Kesavan P, Heyman M, Davis E, Cuesta A, Buchs A, Stanley CA, Thornton PS, Permutt MA, Matschinsky FM, Herold KC: Familial hyperinsulinism caused by an activating glucokinase mutation. N Engl J Med. 1998 Jan 22;338(4):226-30. [PubMed ]
23. Ng MC, Cockburn BN, Lindner TH, Yeung VT, Chow CC, So WY, Li JK, Lo YM, Lee ZS, Cockram CS, Critchley JA, Bell GI, Chan JC: Molecular genetics of diabetes mellitus in Chinese subjects: identification of mutations in glucokinase and hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha genes in patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus/MODY. Diabet Med. 1999 Nov;16(11):956-63. [PubMed ]
24. Nam JH, Lee HC, Kim YH, Cha BS, Song YD, Lim SK, Kim KR, Huh KB: Identification of glucokinase mutation in subjects with post-renal transplantation diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2000 Dec;50(3):169-76. [PubMed ]
25. Njolstad PR, Sovik O, Cuesta-Munoz A, Bjorkhaug L, Massa O, Barbetti F, Undlien DE, Shiota C, Magnuson MA, Molven A, Matschinsky FM, Bell GI: Neonatal diabetes mellitus due to complete glucokinase deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2001 May 24;344(21):1588-92. [PubMed ]

1. Hexokinase type III
2. HK III

MDSIGSSGLRQGEETLSCSEEGLPGPSDSSELVQECLQQFKVTRAQLQQIQASLLGSMEQ
ALRGQASPAPAVRMLPTYVGSTPHGTEQGDFVVLELGATGASLRVLWVTLTGIEGHRVEP
RSQEFVIPQEVMLGAGQQLFDFAAHCLSEFLDAQPVNKQGLQLGFSFSFPCHQTGLDRST
LISWTKGFRCSGVEGQDVVQLLRDAIRRQGAYNIDVVAVVNDTVGTMMGCEPGVRPCEVG
LVVDTGTNACYMEEARHVAVLDEDRGRVCVSVEWGSFSDDGALGPVLTTFDHTLDHESLN
PGAQRFEKMIGGLYLGELVRLVLAHLARCGVLFGGCTSPALLSQGSILLEHVAEMEDPST
GAARVHAILQDLGLSPGASDVELVQHVCAAVCTRAAQLCAAALAAVLSCLQHSREQQTLQ
VAVATGGRVCERHPRFCSVLQGTVMLLAPECDVSLIPSVDGGGRGVAMVTAVAARLAAHR
RLLEETLAPFRLNHDQLAAVQAQMRKAMAKGLRGEASSLRMLPTFVRATPDGSERGDFLA
LDLGGTNFRVLLVRVTTGVQITSEIYSIPETVAQGSGQQLFDHIVDCIVDFQQKQGLSGQ
SLPLGFTFSFPCRQLGLDQGILLNWTKGFKASDCEGQDVVSLLREAITRRQAVELNVVAI
VNDTVGTMMSCGYEDPRCEIGLIVGTGTNACYMEELRNVAGVPGDSGRMCINMEWGAFGD
DGSLAMLSTRFDASVDQASINPGKQRFEKMISGMYLGEIVRHILLHLTSLGVLFRGQQIQ
RLQTRDIFKTKFLSEIESDSLALRQVRAILEDLGLPLTSDDALMVLEVCQAVSQRAAQLC
GAGVAAVVEKIRENRGLEELAVSVGVDGTLYKLHPRFSSLVAATVRELAPRCVVTFLQSE
DGSGKGAALVTAVACRLAQLTRV

• Aminosugars metabolism (map00530 )
• Fructose and Mannose Metabolism (map00051 )
• Galactose Metabolism (map00052 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Starch and Sucrose Metabolism (map00500 )
• Streptomycin biosynthesis (map00521 )

• ATP + D-hexose = ADP + D-hexose 6-phosphate [RN:R02848]

• Hexokinase_1 (PF00349 )
• Hexokinase_2 (PF03727 )

• None

• None

ATGGACTCCATTGGGTCTTCAGGGTTGCGGCAGGGGGAAGAAACCCTGAGTTGCTCTGAG
GAGGGCTTGCCCGGGCCCTCAGACAGCTCAGAGCTGGTGCAGGAGTGCCTGCAGCAGTTC
AAGGTGACAAGGGCACAGCTACAGCAGATCCAAGCCAGCCTCTTGGGTTCCATGGAGCAG
GCGCTGAGGGGACAGGCCAGCCCTGCCCCTGCGGTCCGGATGCTGCCTACATACGTGGGG
TCCACCCCACATGGCACTGAGCAAGGAGACTTCGTGGTGCTGGAGCTGGGGGCCACAGGG
GCCTCACTGCGTGTTTTGTGGGTGACTCTAACTGGCATTGAGGGGCATAGGGTGGAGCCC
AGAAGCCAGGAGTTTGTGATCCCCCAAGAGGTGATGCTGGGTGCTGGCCAGCAGCTCTTT
GACTTTGCTGCCCACTGCCTGTCTGAGTTCCTGGATGCGCAGCCTGTGAACAAACAGGGT
CTGCAGCTTGGCTTCAGCTTCTCTTTCCCTTGTCACCAGACGGGCTTGGACAGGAGCACC
CTCATTTCCTGGACCAAAGGTTTTAGGTGCAGTGGTGTGGAAGGCCAGGATGTGGTCCAG
CTGCTGAGAGATGCCATTCGGAGGCAGGGGGCCTACAACATCGACGTGGTTGCTGTGGTG
AACGACACAGTGGGCACCATGATGGGCTGTGAGCCGGGGGTCAGGCCGTGTGAGGTTGGG
CTAGTTGTAGACACGGGCACCAACGCGTGTTACATGGAGGAGGCACGGCATGTGGCAGTG
CTGGACGAAGACCGGGGCCGCGTCTGCGTCAGCGTCGAGTGGGGCTCCTTCAGCGATGAT
GGGGCGCTGGGACCAGTGCTGACCACCTTCGACCATACCCTGGACCATGAGTCCCTGAAT
CCTGGTGCTCAGAGGTTTGAGAAGATGATCGGAGGCCTGTACCTGGGTGAGCTGGTGCGG
CTGGTGCTGGCTCACTTGGCCCGGTGTGGGGTCCTCTTTGGTGGCTGCACCTCCCCTGCC
CTGCTGAGCCAAGGCAGCATCCTCCTGGAACACGTGGCTGAGATGGAGGACCCCTCTACT
GGGGCAGCCCGTGTCCATGCTATCCTGCAGGACTTGGGCCTGAGCCCTGGGGCTTCGGAT
GTTGAGCTTGTGCAGCACGTCTGTGCGGCCGTGTGCACGCGGGCTGCCCAGCTCTGTGCT
GCCGCCCTGGCCGCTGTTCTCTCCTGCCTCCAGCACAGCCGGGAGCAACAAACACTCCAG
GTTGCTGTGGCCACCGGAGGCCGAGTGTGTGAGCGGCACCCCAGGTTCTGCAGCGTCCTG
CAGGGGACAGTGATGCTCCTGGCCCCGGAATGCGATGTCTCCTTAATCCCCTCTGTGGAT
GGTGGTGGCCGGGGAGTGGCGATGGTGACTGCTGTGGCTGCCCGTCTGGCTGCCCACCGG
CGCCTGCTGGAGGAGACCCTGGCCCCATTCCGGTTGAACCATGATCAACTGGCTGCGGTT
CAGGCACAGATGCGGAAGGCCATGGCCAAGGGGCTCCGAGGGGAGGCCTCCTCCCTTCGC
ATGCTGCCCACTTTCGTCCGGGCCACCCCTGATGGCAGCGAGCGAGGGGATTTCCTGGCC
CTGGACCTCGGGGGCACGAACTTCCGTGTCCTCCTGGTACGTGTGACCACAGGCGTGCAG
ATCACCAGCGAGATCTACTCCATTCCCGAGACTGTGGCCCAGGGTTCTGGGCAGCAGCTC
TTTGACCACATCGTGGACTGCATCGTGGACTTCCAGCAGAAGCAGGGCCTGAGCGGGCAG
AGCCTCCCACTGGGTTTTACCTTCTCCTTCCCATGTAGGCAGCTTGGCCTAGACCAGGGC
ATCCTCCTGAACTGGACCAAGGGTTTCAAGGCATCAGACTGCGAGGGCCAAGATGTCGTG
AGTCTGTTGCGGGAAGCCATCACTCGCAGACAGGCAGTGGAGCTGAATGTGGTTGCCATT
GTCAATGACACGGTGGGGACCATGATGTCCTGTGGCTATGAGGACCCCCGTTGCGAGATA
GGCCTCATTGTCGGAACCGGCACCAATGCCTGCTACATGGAGGAGCTCCGGAATGTGGCG
GGCGTGCCTGGGGACTCAGGCCGCATGTGCATCAACATGGAGTGGGGCGCCTTTGGGGAC
GATGGCTCTCTGGCCATGCTCAGCACCCGCTTTGATGCAAGTGTGGACCAGGCGTCCATC
AACCCCGGCAAGCAGAGGTTTGAAAAGATGATCAGCGGCATGTACCTGGGGGAGATCGTC
CGCCACATCCTTTTACATTTAACCAGCCTTGGCGTTCTCTTCCGGGGCCAGCAGATCCAG
CGCCTTCAGACCAGGGACATCTTCAAGACCAAGTTCCTCTCTGAGATCGAAAGTGACAGC
CTGGCCCTGCGGCAGGTCCGAGCCATCCTAGAGGATCTGGGGCTACCCCTGACCTCAGAT
GACGCCCTGATGGTGCTAGAGGTGTGCCAGGCTGTGTCCCAGAGGGCTGCCCAGCTCTGT
GGGGCGGGTGTAGCTGCCGTGGTGGAGAAGATCCGGGAGAACCGGGGCCTGGAAGAGCTG
GCAGTGTCTGTGGGGGTGGATGGAACGCTCTACAAGCTGCACCCGCGCTTCTCCAGCCTG
GTGGCGGCCACAGTGCGGGAGCTGGCCCCTCGCTGTGTGGTCACGTTCCTGCAGTCAGAG
GATGGGTCCGGCAAAGGTGCGGCCCTGGTCACCGCTGTTGCCTGCCGCCTTGCGCAGTTG
ACTCGTGTCTGA

1. Furuta H, Nishi S, Le Beau MM, Fernald AA, Yano H, Bell GI: Sequence of human hexokinase III cDNA and assignment of the human hexokinase III gene (HK3) to chromosome band 5q35.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genomics. 1996 Aug 15;36(1):206-9. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
3. Palma F, Agostini D, Mason P, Dacha M, Piccoli G, Biagiarelli B, Fiorani M, Stocchi V: Purification and characterization of the carboxyl-domain of human hexokinase type III expressed as fusion protein. Mol Cell Biochem. 1996 Feb 9;155(1):23-9. [PubMed ]
4. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. Hexokinase type II
2. HK II
3. Muscle form hexokinase

MIASHLLAYFFTELNHDQVQKVDQYLYHMRLSDETLLEISKRFRKEMEKGLGATTHPTAA
VKMLPTFVRSTPDGTEHGEFLALDLGGTNFRVLWVKVTDNGLQKVEMENQIYAIPEDIMR
GSGTQLFDHIAECLANFMDKLQIKDKKLPLGFTFSFPCHQTKLDESFLVSWTKGFKSSGV
EGRDVVALIRKAIQRRGDFDIDIVAVVNDTVGTMMTCGYDDHNCEIGLIVGTGSNACYME
EMRHIDMVEGDEGRMCINMEWGAFGDDGSLNDIRTEFDQEIDMGSLNPGKQLFEKMISGM
YMGELVRLILVKMAKEELLFGGKLSPELLNTGRFETKDISDIEGEKDGIRKAREVLMRLG
LDPTQEDCVATHRICQIVSTRSASLCAATLAAVLQRIKENKGEERLRSTIGVDGSVYKKH
PHFAKRLHKTVRRLVPGCDVRFLRSEDGSGKGAAMVTAVAYRLADQHRARQKTLEHLQLS
HDQLLEVKRRMKVEMERGLSKETHASAPVKMLPTYVCATPDGTEKGDFLALDLGGTNFRV
LLVRVRNGKWGGVEMHNKIYAIPQEVMHGTGDELFDHIVQCIADFLEYMGMKGVSLPLGF
TFSFPCQQNSLDESILLKWTKGFKASGCEGEDVVTLLKEAIHRREEFDLDVVAVVNDTVG
TMMTCGFEDPHCEVGLIVGTGSNACYMEEMRNVELVEGEEGRMCVNMEWGAFGDNGCLDD
FRTEFDVAVDELSLNPGKQRFEKMISGMYLGEIVRNILIDFTKRGLLFRGRISERLKTRG
IFETKFLSQIESDCLALLQVRAILQHLGLESTCDDSIIVKEVCTVVARRAAQLCGAGMAA
VVDRIRENRGLDALKVTVGVDGTLYKLHPHFAKVMHETVKDLAPKCDVSFLQSEDGSGKG
AALITAVACRIREAGQR

• Aminosugars metabolism (map00530 )
• Fructose and Mannose Metabolism (map00051 )
• Galactose Metabolism (map00052 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Starch and Sucrose Metabolism (map00500 )
• Streptomycin biosynthesis (map00521 )

• ATP + D-hexose = ADP + D-hexose 6-phosphate [RN:R02848]

• Hexokinase_1 (PF00349 )
• Hexokinase_2 (PF03727 )

• None

• None

ATGATTGCCTCGCATCTGCTTGCCTACTTCTTCACGGAGCTCAACCATGACCAAGTGCAG
AAGGTTGACCAGTATCTCTACCACATGCGCCTCTCTGATGAGACCCTCTTGGAGATCTCT
AAGCGGTTCCGCAAGGAGATGGAGAAAGGGCTTGGAGCCACCACTCACCCTACTGCAGCA
GTGAAGATGCTGCCCACCTTTGTGAGGTCCACTCCAGATGGGACAGAACACGGAGAGTTC
CTGGCTCTGGATCTTGGAGGGACCAACTTCCGTGTGCTTTGGGTGAAAGTAACGGACAAT
GGGCTCCAGAAGGTGGAGATGGAGAATCAGATCTATGCCATCCCTGAGGACATCATGCGA
GGCAGTGGCACCCAGCTGTTTGACCACATTGCCGAATGCCTGGCTAACTTCATGGATAAG
CTACAAATCAAAGACAAGAAGCTCCCACTGGGTTTTACCTTCTCGTTCCCCTGCCACCAG
ACTAAACTAGACGAGAGTTTCCTGGTCTCATGGACCAAGGGATTCAAGTCCAGTGGAGTG
GAAGGCAGAGACGTTGTGGCTCTGATCCGGAAGGCCATCCAGAGGAGAGGGGACTTTGAT
ATCGACATTGTGGCTGTGGTGAATGACACAGTTGGGACCATGATGACCTGTGGTTATGAT
GACCACAACTGTGAGATTGGTCTCATTGTGGGCACGGGCAGCAACGCCTGCTACATGGAA
GAGATGCGCCACATCGACATGGTGGAAGGCGATGAGGGGCGGATGTGTATCAATATGGAG
TGGGGGGCCTTCGGGGACGATGGCTCGCTCAACGACATTCGCACTGAGTTTGACCAGGAG
ATTGACATGGGCTCACTGAACCCGGGAAAGCAACTGTTTGAGAAGATGATCAGTGGGATG
TACATGGGGGAGCTGGTGAGGCTTATCCTGGTGAAGATGGCCAAGGAGGAGCTGCTCTTT
GGGGGGAAGCTCAGCCCAGAGCTTCTCAACACCGGTCGCTTTGAGACCAAAGACATCTCA
GACATTGAAGGGGAGAAGGATGGCATCCGGAAGGCCCGTGAGGTCCTGATGCGGTTGGGC
CTGGACCCGACTCAGGAGGACTGCGTGGCCACTCACCGGATCTGCCAGATCGTGTCCACA
CGCTCCGCCAGCCTGTGCGCAGCCACCCTGGCCGCCGTGCTGCAGCGCATCAAGGAGAAC
AAAGGCGAGGAGCGGCTGCGCTCTACTATTGGGGTCGACGGTTCCGTCTACAAGAAACAC
CCCCATTTTGCCAAGCGTCTACATAAGACCGTGCGGCGGCTGGTGCCCGGCTGCGATGTC
CGCTTCCTCCGCTCCGAGGATGGCAGTGGCAAAGGTGCAGCCATGGTGACAGCAGTGGCT
TACCGGCTGGCCGATCAACACCGTGCCCGCCAGAAGACATTAGAGCATCTGCAGCTGAGC
CATGACCAGCTGCTGGAGGTCAAGAGGAGGATGAAGGTAGAAATGGAGCGAGGTCTGAGC
AAGGAGACTCATGCCAGTGCCCCCGTCAAGATGCTGCCCACCTACGTGTGTGCTACCCCG
GACGGCACAGAGAAAGGGGACTTCTTGGCCTTGGACCTTGGAGGAACAAATTTCCGGGTC
CTGCTGGTCCGTGTTCGGAATGGGAAGTGGGGTGGAGTGGAGATGCACAACAAGATCTAC
GCCATCCCGCAGGAGGTCATGCACGGCACCGGGGACGAGCTCTTTGACCACATTGTCCAG
TGCATCGCGGACTTCCTCGAGTACATGGGCATGAAGGGCGTGTCCCTGCCTCTGGGTTTT
ACCTTCTCCTTCCCCTGCCAGCAGAACAGCCTGGACGAGAGCATCCTCCTCAAGTGGACA
AAAGGCTTCAAGGCATCTGGCTGCGAGGGCGAGGACGTGGTGACCCTGCTGAAGGAAGCG
ATCCACCGGCGAGAGGAGTTTGACCTGGATGTGGTTGCTGTGGTGAACGACACAGTCGGA
ACTATGATGACCTGTGGCTTTGAAGACCCTCACTGTGAAGTTGGCCTCATTGTTGGCACG
GGCAGCAATGCCTGCTACATGGAGGAGATGCGCAACGTGGAACTGGTGGAAGGAGAAGAG
GGGCGGATGTGTGTGAACATGGAATGGGGGGCATTCGGGGACAATGGATGCCTAGATGAC
TTCCGCACAGAATTTGATGTGGCTGTGGATGAGCTTTCACTCAACCCCGGCAAGCAGAGG
TTCGAGAAAATGATCAGTGGAATGTACCTGGGTGAGATTGTCCGTAACATTCTCATCGAT
TTCACCAAGCGTGGACTGCTCTTCCGAGGCCGCATCTCAGAGCGGCTCAAGACAAGGGGC
ATCTTTGAAACCAAGTTCTTGTCTCAGATTGAGAGTGACTGCCTGGCCCTGCTGCAAGTC
CGAGCCATCCTGCAACACTTAGGGCTTGAGAGCACCTGTGACGACAGCATCATTGTTAAG
GAGGTGTGCACTGTGGTGGCCCGGCGGGCAGCCCAGCTCTGTGGCGCAGGCATGGCCGCT
GTGGTGGACAGGATACGAGAAAACCGTGGGCTGGACGCTCTCAAAGTGACAGTGGGTGTG
GATGGGACCCTCTACAAGCTACATCCTCACTTTGCCAAAGTCATGCATGAGACAGTGAAG
GACCTGGCTCCGAAATGTGATGTGTCTTTCCTGCAGTCAGAGGATGGCAGCGGGAAGGGG
GCGGCGCTCATCACTGCTGTGGCCTGCCGCATCCGTGAGGCTGGACAGCGATAG

1. Deeb SS, Malkki M, Laakso M: Human hexokinase II: sequence and homology to other hexokinases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Nov 30;197(1):68-74. [PubMed ]
2. Lehto M, Huang X, Davis EM, Le Beau MM, Laurila E, Eriksson KF, Bell GI, Groop L: Human hexokinase II gene: exon-intron organization, mutation screening in NIDDM, and its relationship to muscle hexokinase activity. Diabetologia. 1995 Dec;38(12):1466-74. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Shinohara Y, Yamamoto K, Kogure K, Ichihara J, Terada H: Steady state transcript levels of the type II hexokinase and type 1 glucose transporter in human tumor cell lines. Cancer Lett. 1994 Jul 15;82(1):27-32. [PubMed ]
5. Laakso M, Malkki M, Deeb SS: Amino acid substitutions in hexokinase II among patients with NIDDM. Diabetes. 1995 Mar;44(3):330-4. [PubMed ]
6. Vidal-Puig A, Printz RL, Stratton IM, Granner DK, Moller DE: Analysis of the hexokinase II gene in subjects with insulin resistance and NIDDM and detection of a Gln142-->His substitution. Diabetes. 1995 Mar;44(3):340-6. [PubMed ]
7. Echwald SM, Bjorbaek C, Hansen T, Clausen JO, Vestergaard H, Zierath JR, Printz RL, Granner DK, Pedersen O: Identification of four amino acid substitutions in hexokinase II and studies of relationships to NIDDM, glucose effectiveness, and insulin sensitivity. Diabetes. 1995 Mar;44(3):347-53. [PubMed ]

1. ITPase
2. Inosine triphosphatase
3. Putative oncogene protein hlc14-06-p

MAASLVGKKIVFVTGNAKKLEEVVQILGDKFPCTLVAQKIDLPEYQGEPDEISIQKCQEA
VRQVQGPVLVEDTCLCFNALGGLPGPYIKWFLEKLKPEGLHQLLAGFEDKSAYALCTFAL
STGDPSQPVRLFRGRTSGRIVAPRGCQDFGWDPCFQPDGYEQTYAEMPKAEKNAVSHRFR
ALLELQEYFGSLAA

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = a nucleotide + diphosphate [RN:R01532]

• Ham1p_like (PF01725 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGGCCTCATTGGTGGGGAAGAAGATCGTGTTTGTAACGGGGAACGCCAAGAAGCTG
GAGGAGGTCGTTCAGATTCTAGGAGATAAGTTTCCATGCACTTTGGTGGCACAGAAAATT
GACCTGCCGGAGTACCAAGGGGAGCCGGATGAGATTTCCATACAGAAATGTCAGGAGGCA
GTTCGCCAGGTACAGGGGCCCGTGCTGGTTGAGGACACTTGTCTGTGCTTCAATGCCCTT
GGAGGGCTCCCCGGCCCCTACATAAAGTGGTTTCTGGAGAAGTTAAAGCCTGAAGGTCTC
CACCAGCTCCTGGCCGGGTTCGAGGACAAGTCAGCCTATGCGCTCTGCACGTTTGCACTC
AGCACCGGGGACCCAAGCCAGCCCGTGCGCCTGTTCAGGGGCCGGACCTCGGGCCGGATC
GTGGCACCCAGAGGCTGCCAGGACTTTGGCTGGGACCCCTGCTTTCAGCCTGATGGATAT
GAGCAGACGTACGCAGAGATGCCTAAGGCGGAGAAGAACGCTGTCTCCCATCGCTTCCGG
GCCCTGCTGGAGCTGCAGGAATACTTTGGCAGTTTGGCAGCTTGA

1. Lin S, McLennan AG, Ying K, Wang Z, Gu S, Jin H, Wu C, Liu W, Yuan Y, Tang R, Xie Y, Mao Y: Cloning, expression, and characterization of a human inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase encoded by the itpa gene. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jun 1;276(22):18695-701. Epub 2001 Mar 13. [PubMed ]
2. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Stenmark P, Kursula P, Flodin S, Graslund S, Landry R, Nordlund P, Schuler H: Crystal structure of human inosine triphosphatase. Substrate binding and implication of the inosine triphosphatase deficiency mutation P32T. J Biol Chem. 2007 Feb 2;282(5):3182-7. Epub 2006 Nov 29. [PubMed ]
5. Sumi S, Marinaki AM, Arenas M, Fairbanks L, Shobowale-Bakre M, Rees DC, Thein SL, Ansari A, Sanderson J, De Abreu RA, Simmonds HA, Duley JA: Genetic basis of inosine triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase deficiency. Hum Genet. 2002 Oct;111(4-5):360-7. Epub 2002 Aug 15. [PubMed ]
6. Cao H, Hegele RA: DNA polymorphisms in ITPA including basis of inosine triphosphatase deficiency. J Hum Genet. 2002;47(11):620-2. [PubMed ]

1. 6-phosphofructokinase, platelet type
2. Phosphofructo-1-kinase isozyme C
3. PFK-C
4. Phosphofructokinase 1
5. Phosphohexokinase

MDADDSRAPKGSLRKFLEHLSGAGKAIGVLTSGGDAQGMNAAVRAVVRMGIYVGAKVYFI
YEGYQGMVDGGSNIAEADWESVSSILQVGGTIIGSARCQAFRTREGRLKAACNLLQRGIT
NLCVIGGDGSLTGANLFRKEWSGLLEELARNGQIDKEAVQKYAYLNVVGMVGSIDNDFCG
TDMTIGTDSALHRIIEVVDAIMTTAQSHQRTFVLEVMGRHCGYLALVSALACGADWVFLP
ESPPEEGWEEQMCVKLSENRARKKRLNIIIVAEGAIDTQNKPITSEKIKELVVTQLGYDT
RVTILGHVQRGGTPSAFDRILASRMGVEAVIALLEATPDTPACVVSLNGNHAVRLPLMEC
VQMTQDVQKAMDERRFQDAVRLRGRSFAGNLNTYKRLAIKLPDDQIPKTNCNVAVINVGA
PAAGMNAAVRSAVRVGIADGHRMLAIYDGFDGFAKGQIKEIGWTDVGGWTGQGGSILGTK
RVLPGKYLEEIATQMRTHSINALLIIGGFEAYLGLLELSAAREKHEEFCVPMVMVPATVS
NNVPGSDFSIGADTALNTITDTCDRIKQSASGTKRRVFIIETMGGYCGYLANMGGLAAGA
DAAYIFEEPFDIRDLQSNVEHLTEKMKTTIQRGLVLRNESCSENYTTDFIYQLYSEEGKG
VFDCRKNVLGHMQQGGAPSPFDRNFGTKISARAMEWITAKLKEARGRGKKFTTDDSICVL
GISKRNVIFQPVAELKKQTDFEHRIPKEQWWLKLRPLMKILAKYKASYDVSDSGQLEHVQ
PWSV

• Fructose and Mannose Metabolism (map00051 )
• Galactose Metabolism (map00052 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Pentose Pathway (map00030 )

• ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate = ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate [RN:R00756]

• PFK (PF00365 )

• None

• None

ATGGACGCGGACGACTCCCGGGCCCCCAAGGGCTCCTTGCGGAAGTTCCTGGAGCACCTC
TCCGGGGCCGGCAAGGCCATCGGCGTGCTGACCAGCGGCGGGGATGCTCAAGGTATGAAC
GCTGCCGTCCGTGCCGTGGTGCGCATGGGTATCTACGTGGGGGCCAAGGTGTACTTCATC
TACGAGGGCTACCAGGGCATGGTGGACGGAGGCTCAAACATCGCAGAGGCCGACTGGGAG
AGTGTCTCCAGCATCCTGCAAGTGGGCGGGACGATCATTGGCAGTGCGCGGTGCCAGGCC
TTCCGCACGCGGGAAGGCCGCCTGAAGGCTGCTTGCAACCTGCTGCAGCGCGGCATCACC
AACCTGTGTGTGATCGGCGGGGACGGGAGCCTCACCGGGGCCAACCTCTTCCGGAAGGAG
TGGAGTGGGCTGCTGGAGGAGCTGGCCAGGAACGGCCAGATCGATAAGGAGGCCGTGCAG
AAGTACGCCTACCTCAACGTGGTGGGCATGGTGGGCTCCATCGACAATGATTTCTGCGGC
ACCGACATGACCATCGGCACGGACTCCGCCCTGCACAGGATCATCGAGGTCGTCGACGCC
ATCATGACCACGGCCCAGAGCCACCAGAGGACCTTCGTTCTGGAGGTGATGGGACGACAC
TGTGGGTACCTGGCCCTGGTGAGTGCCTTGGCCTGCGGTGCGGACTGGGTGTTCCTTCCA
GAATCTCCACCAGAGGAAGGCTGGGAGGAGCAGATGTGTGTCAAACTCTCGGAGAACCGT
GCCCGGAAAAAAAGGCTGAATATTATTATTGTGGCTGAAGGAGCAATTGATACCCAAAAT
AAACCCATCACCTCTGAGAAAATCAAAGAGCTTGTCGTCACGCAGCTGGGCTATGACACA
CGTGTGACCATCCTCGGGCACGTGCAGAGAGGAGGGACCCCTTCGGCATTCGACAGGATC
TTGGCCAGCCGCATGGGAGTGGAGGCAGTCATCGCCTTGCTAGAGGCCACCCCGGACACC
CCAGCTTGCGTCGTGTCACTGAACGGGAACCACGCCGTGCGCCTGCCGCTGATGGAGTGC
GTGCAGATGACTCAGGATGTGCAGAAGGCGATGGACGAGAGGAGATTTCAAGATGCGGTT
CGACTCCGAGGGAGGAGCTTTGCGGGCAACCTGAACACCTACAAGCGACTTGCCATCAAG
CTGCCGGATGATCAGATCCCAAAGACCAATTGCAACGTAGCTGTCATCAACGTGGGGGCA
CCCGCGGCTGGGATGAACGCGGCCGTACGCTCAGCTGTGCGCGTGGGCATTGCCGACGGC
CACAGGATGCTCGCCATCTATGATGGCTTTGACGGCTTCGCCAAGGGCCAGATCAAAGAA
ATCGGCTGGACAGATGTCGGGGGCTGGACCGGCCAAGGAGGCTCCATTCTTGGGACAAAA
CGCGTTCTCCCGGGGAAGTACTTGGAAGAGATCGCCACACAGATGCGCACGCACAGCATC
AACGCGCTGCTGATCATCGGTGGATTCGAGGCCTACCTGGGACTCCTGGAGCTGTCAGCC
GCCCGGGAGAAGCACGAGGAGTTCTGTGTCCCCATGGTCATGGTTCCCGCTACTGTGTCC
AACAATGTGCCGGGTTCCGATTTCAGCATCGGGGCAGACACCGCCCTGAACACTATCACC
GACACCTGCGACCGCATCAAGCAGTCCGCCAGCGGAACCAAGCGGCGCGTGTTCATCATC
GAGACCATGGGCGGCTACTGTGGCTACCTGGCCAACATGGGGGGGCTCGCGGCCGGAGCT
GATGCCGCATACATTTTCGAAGAGCCCTTCGACATCAGGGATCTGCAGTCCAACGTGGAG
CACCTGACGGAGAAAATGAAGACCACCATCCAGAGAGGCCTTGTGCTCAGAAATGAGAGC
TGCAGTGAAAACTACACCACCGACTTCATTTACCAGCTGTATTCAGAAGAGGGCAAAGGC
GTGTTTGACTGCAGGAAGAACGTGCTGGGTCACATGCAGCAGGGTGGGGCACCCTCTCCA
TTTGATAGAAACTTTGGAACCAAAATCTCTGCCAGAGCTATGGAGTGGATCACTGCAAAA
CTCAAGGAGGCCCGGGGCAGAGGAAAAAAATTTACCACCGATGATTCCATTTGTGTGCTG
GGAATAAGCAAAAGAAACGTTATTTTTCAACCTGTGGCAGAGCTGAAGAAGCAAACGGAT
TTTGAGCACAGGATTCCCAAAGAACAGTGGTGGCTCAAGCTACGGCCCCTCATGAAAATC
CTGGCCAAGTACAAGGCCAGCTATGACGTGTCGGACTCAGGCCAGCTGGAACATGTGCAG
CCCTGGAGTGTCTGA

1. Eto K, Sakura H, Yasuda K, Hayakawa T, Kawasaki E, Moriuchi R, Nagataki S, Yazaki Y, Kadowaki T: Cloning of a complete protein-coding sequence of human platelet-type phosphofructokinase isozyme from pancreatic islet. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Feb 15;198(3):990-8. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Simpson CJ, Fothergill-Gilmore LA: Isolation and sequence of a cDNA encoding human platelet phosphofructokinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Oct 15;180(1):197-203. [PubMed ]
6. Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villen J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP: Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 17;101(33):12130-5. Epub 2004 Aug 9. [PubMed ]
7. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed ]
8. Beausoleil SA, Villen J, Gerber SA, Rush J, Gygi SP: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Oct;24(10):1285-92. Epub 2006 Sep 10. [PubMed ]
9. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed ]
10. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
11. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
12. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
13. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. Phosphofructo-1-kinase isozyme B
2. PFK-B
3. Phosphofructokinase 1
4. Phosphohexokinase

MAAVDLEKLRASGAGKAIGVLTSGGDAQGMNAAVRAVTRMGIYVGAKVFLIYEGYEGLVE
GGENIKQANWLSVSNIIQLGGTIIGSARCKAFTTREGRRAAAYNLVQHGITNLCVIGGDG
SLTGANIFRSEWGSLLEELVAEGKISETTARTYSHLNIAGLVGSIDNDFCGTDMTIGTDS
ALHRIMEVIDAITTTAQSHQRTFVLEVMGRHCGYLALVSALASGADWLFIPEAPPEDGWE
NFMCERLGETRSRGSRLNIIIIAEGAIDRNGKPISSSYVKDLVVQRLGFDTRVTVLGHVQ
RGGTPSAFDRILSSKMGMEAVMALLEATPDTPACVVTLSGNQSVRLPLMECVQMTKEVQK
AMDDKRFDEATQLRGGSFENNWNIYKLLAHQKPPKEKSNFSLAILNVGAPAAGMNAAVRS
AVRTGISHGHTVYVVHDGFEGLAKGQVQEVGWHDVAGWLGRGGSMLGTKRTLPKGQLESI
VENIRIYGIHALLVVGGFEAYEGVLQLVEARGRYEELCIVMCVIPATISNNVPGTDFSLG
SDTAVNAAMESCDRIKQSASGTKRRVFIVETMGGYCGYLATVTGIAVGADAAYVFEDPFN
IHDLKVNVEHMTEKMKTDIQRGLVLRNEKCHDYYTTEFLYNLYSSEGKGVFDCRTNVLGH
LQQGGAPTPFDRNYGTKLGVKAMLWLSEKLREVYRKGRVFANAPDSACVIGLKKKAVAFS
PVTELKKDTDFEHRMPREQWWLSLRLMLKMLAQYRISMAAYVSGELEHVTRRTLSMDKGF

• Fructose and Mannose Metabolism (map00051 )
• Galactose Metabolism (map00052 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Pentose Pathway (map00030 )

• ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate = ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate [RN:R00756]

• PFK (PF00365 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCGCGGTGGACCTGGAGAAGCTGCGGGCGTCGGGCGCGGGCAAGGCCATCGGCGTC
CTGACCAGCGGCGGCGACCGGCAAGGCATGAACGCTGCTGTCCGGGCTGTGACGCGCATG
GGCATTTATGTGGGTGCCAAAGTCTTCCTCATCTACGAGGGCTATGAGGGCCTCGTGGAG
GGAGGTGAGAACATCAAGCAGGCCAACTGGCTGAGCGTCTCCAACATCATCCAGCTGGGC
GGCACTATCATTGGCAGCGCTCGCTCGAAGGCCTTTACCACCAGGGAGGGGCGCCGGGCA
GCGGCCTACAACCTGGTCCAGCACGGCATCACCAACCTGTGCGTCATCGGCGGGGATGGC
AGCCTCACAGGTGCCAACATCTTCCGCAGCGAGTGGGGCAGCCTGCTGGAGGAGCTGGTG
GCGGAAGGTAAGATCTCAGAGACTACAGCCTGGACCTACTCGCACCTGAACATCGCGGGC
CTAGTGGGCTCCATCGATAACGACTTCTGCGGCACCGACATGACCATCGGCACGGACTCG
GCCCTCCACCGCATCATGGAGGTCATCGATGCCATCACCACCACTGCCCAGAGCCACCAG
AGGACCTTCGTGCTGGAAGTGATGGGCCGGCACTGCGGGTACCTGGCGCTGGTATCTGCA
CTGGCCTCAGGGGCCGACTGGCTGTTCATCCCCGAGGCTCCACCCGAGGACGGCTGGGAG
AACTTCATGTGTGAGAGGCTGGGTGAGACTCGGAGCCGTGGGTCCCGACTGAACATCATC
ATCATCGCTGAGGGTGCCATTGACCGCAACGGGAAGCCCATCTCGTCCAGCTACGTGAAG
GACCTGGTGGTTCAGAGGCTGGGCTTCGACACCCGTGTAACTGTGCTGGGCCACGTGCAG
CGGGGAGGGACGCCCTCTGCCTTCGACCGGATCCTGAGCAGCAAGATGGGCATGGAGGCG
GTGATGGCGCTGCTGGAAGCCACGCCTGACACGCCGGCCTGCGTGGTCACCCTCTCGGGG
AACCAGTCAGTGCGGCTGCCCCTCATGGAGTGCGTGCAGATGACCAAGGAAGTGCAGAAA
GCCATGGATGACAAGAGGTTTGACGAGGCCACCCAGCTCCGTGGTGGGAGCTTCGAGAAC
AACTGGAACATTTACAAGCTCCTCACCCACCAGAAGCCCCCCAAGGAGAAGTCTAACTTC
TCCCTGGCCATCCTGAATGTGGGGGCCCCGGCGGCTGGCATGAATGCGGCCGTGCGCTCG
GCGGTGCGGACCGGCATCTCCCATGGACACACAGTATACGTGGTGCACGATGGCTTCGAA
GGCCTAGCCAAGGGTCAGGTGCAAGAAGTAGGCTGGCACGACGTGGCCGGCTGGTTGGGG
CGTGGTGGCTCCATGCTGGGGACCAAGAGGACCCTGCCCAAGGGCCAGCTGGAGTCCATT
GTGGAGAACATCCGCATCTATGGTATTCACGCCCTGCTGGTGGTCGGTGGGTTTGAGGCC
TATGAAGGGGTGCTGCAGCTGGTGGAGGCTCGCGGGCGCTACGAGGAGCTCTGCATCGTC
ATGTGTGTCATCCCAGCCACCATCAGCAACAACGTCCCTGGCACCGACTTCAGCCTGGGC
TCCGACACTGCTGTAAATGCCGCCATGGAGAGCTGTGACCGCATCAAACAGTCTGCCTCG
GGGACCAAGCGCCGTGTGTTCATCGTGGAGACCATGGGGGGTTACTGTGGCTACCTGGCC
ACCGTGACTGGCATTGCTGTGGGGGCCGACGCCGCCTACGTCTTCGAGGACCCTTTCAAC
ATCCACGACTTAAAGGTCAACGTGGAGCACATGACGGAGAAGATGAAGACAGACATTCAG
AGGGGCCTGGTGCTGCGGAACGAGAAGTGCCATGACTACTACACCACGGAGTTCCTGTAC
AACCTGTACTCATCAGAGGGCAAGGGCGTCTTCGACTGCAGGACCAATGTCCTGGGCCAC
CTGCAGCAGGGTGGCGCTCCAACCCCCTTTGACCGGAACTATGGGACCAAGCTGGGGGTG
AAGGCCATGCTGTGGTTGTCGGAGAAGCTGCGCGAGGTTTACCGCAAGGGACGGGTGTTC
GCCAATGCCCCAGACTCGGCCTGCGTGATCGGCCTGAAGAAGAAGGCGGTGGCCTTCAGC
CCCGTCACTGAGCTCAAGAAAGACACTGATTTCGAGCACCGCATGCCACGGGAGCAGTGG
TGGCTGAGCCTGCGGCTCATGCTGAAGATGCTGGCACAATACCGCATCAGTATGGCCGCC
TACGTGTCAGGGGAGCTGGAGCACGTGACCCGCCGCACCCTGAGCATGGACAAGGGCTTC
TGA

1. Levanon D, Danciger E, Dafni N, Bernstein Y, Elson A, Moens W, Brandeis M, Groner Y: The primary structure of human liver type phosphofructokinase and its comparison with other types of PFK. DNA. 1989 Dec;8(10):733-43. [PubMed ]
2. Elson A, Levanon D, Brandeis M, Dafni N, Bernstein Y, Danciger E, Groner Y: The structure of the human liver-type phosphofructokinase gene. Genomics. 1990 May;7(1):47-56. [PubMed ]
3. Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, Watanabe H, Yada T, Park HS, Toyoda A, Ishii K, Totoki Y, Choi DK, Groner Y, Soeda E, Ohki M, Takagi T, Sakaki Y, Taudien S, Blechschmidt K, Polley A, Menzel U, Delabar J, Kumpf K, Lehmann R, Patterson D, Reichwald K, Rump A, Schillhabel M, Schudy A, Zimmermann W, Rosenthal A, Kudoh J, Schibuya K, Kawasaki K, Asakawa S, Shintani A, Sasaki T, Nagamine K, Mitsuyama S, Antonarakis SE, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Nordsiek G, Hornischer K, Brant P, Scharfe M, Schon O, Desario A, Reichelt J, Kauer G, Blocker H, Ramser J, Beck A, Klages S, Hennig S, Riesselmann L, Dagand E, Haaf T, Wehrmeyer S, Borzym K, Gardiner K, Nizetic D, Francis F, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Yaspo ML: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21. Nature. 2000 May 18;405(6784):311-9. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed ]
6. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed ]
7. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed ]
8. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]

1. Phosphofructo-1-kinase isozyme A
2. PFK-A
3. Phosphofructokinase-M
4. Phosphofructokinase 1
5. Phosphohexokinase

MTHEEHHAAKTLGIGKAIAVLTSGGDAQGMNAAVRAVVRVGIFTGARVFFVHEGYQGLVD
GGDHIKEATWESVSMMLQLGGTVIGSARCKDFREREGRLRAAYNLVKRGITNLCVIGGDG
SLTGADTFRSEWSDLLSDLQKAGKITDEEATKSSYLNIVGLVGSIDNDFCGTDMTIGTDS
ALHRIMEIVDAITTTAQSHQRTFVLEVMGRHCGYLALVTSLSCGADWVFIPECPPDDDWE
EHLCRRLSETRTRGSRLNIIIVAEGAIDKNGKPITSEDIKNLVVKRLGYDTRVTVLGHVQ
RGGTPSAFDRILGSRMGVEAVMALLEGTPDTPACVVSLSGNQAVRLPLMECVQVTKDVTK
AMDEKKFDEALKLRGRSFMNNWEVYKLLAHVRPPVSKSGSHTVAVMNVGAPAAGMNAAVR
STVRIGLIQGNRVLVVHDGFEGLAKGQIEEAGWSYVGGWTGQGGSKLGTKRTLPKKSFEQ
ISANITKFNIQGLVIIGGFEAYTGGLELMEGRKQFDELCIPFVVIPATVSNNVPGSDFSV
GADTALNTICTTCDRIKQSAAGTKRRVFIIETMGGYCGYLATMAGLAAGADAAYIFEEPF
TIRDLQANVEHLVQKMKTTVKRGLVLRNEKCNENYTTDFIFNLYSEEGKGIFDSRKNVLG
HMQQGGSPTPFDRNFATKMGAKAMNWMSGKIKESYRNGRIFANTPDSGCVLGMRKRALVF
QPVAELKDQTDFEHRIPKEQWWLKLRPILKILAKYEIDLDTSDHAHLEHITRKRSGEAAV

• Fructose and Mannose Metabolism (map00051 )
• Galactose Metabolism (map00052 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Pentose Pathway (map00030 )

• ATP + D-fructose 6-phosphate = ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate [RN:R00756]

• PFK (PF00365 )

• None

• None

ATGACCCATGAAGAGCACCATGCAGCCAAAACCCTGGGGATTGGCAAAGCCATTGCTGTC
TTAACCTCTGGTGGAGATGCCCAAGGTATGAATGCTGCTGTCAGGGCTGTGGTTCGAGTT
GGTATCTTCACCGGTGCCCGTGTCTTCTTTGTCCATGAGGGTTATCAAGGCCTGGTGGAT
GGTGGAGATCACATCAAGGAAGCCACCTGGGAGAGCGTTTCGATGATGCTTCAGCTGGGA
GGCACGGTGATTGGAAGTGCCCGGTGCAAGGACTTTCGGGAACGAGAAGGACGACTCCGA
GCTGCCTACAACCTGGTGAAGCGTGGGATCACCAATCTCTGTGTCATTGGGGGTGATGGC
AGCCTCACTGGGGCTGACACCTTCCGTTCTGAGTGGAGTGACTTGTTGAGTGACCTCCAG
AAAGCAGGTAAGATCACAGATGAGGAGGCTACGAAGTCCAGCTACCTGAACATTGTGGGC
CTGGTTGGGTCAATTGACAATGACTTCTGTGGCACCGATATGACCATTGGCACTGACTCT
GCCCTGCATCGGATCATGGAAATTGTAGATGCCATCACTACCACTGCCCAGAGCCACCAG
AGGACATTTGTGTTAGAAGTAATGGGCCGCCACTGTGGATACCTGGCCCTTGTCACCTCT
CTGTCCTGTGGGGCCGACTGGGTTTTTATTCCTGAATGTCCACCAGATGACGACTGGGAG
GAACACCTTTGTCGCCGACTCAGCGAGACAAGGACCCGTGGTTCTCGTCTCAACATCATC
ATTGTGGCTGAGGGTGCAATTGACAAGAATGGAAAACCAATCACCTCAGAAGACATCAAG
AATCTGGTGGTTAAGCGTCTGGGATATGACACCCGGGTTACTGTCTTGGGGCATGTGCAG
AGGGGTGGGACGCCATCAGCCTTTGACAGAATTCTGGGCAGCAGGATGGGTGTGGAAGCA
GTGATGGCACTTTTGGAGGGGACCCCAGATACCCCAGCCTGTGTAGTGAGCCTCTCTGGT
AACCAGGCTGTGCGCCTGCCCCTCATGGAATGTGTCCAGGTGACCAAAGATGTGACCAAG
GCCATGGATGAGAAGAAATTTGACGAAGCCCTGAAGCTGAGAGGCCGGAGCTTCATGAAC
AACTGGGAGGTGTACAAGCTTCTAGCTCATGTCAGACCCCCGGTATCTAAGAGTGGTTCG
CACACAGTGGCTGTGATGAACGTGGGGGCTCCGGCTGCAGGCATGAATGCTGCTGTTCGC
TCCACTGTGAGGATTGGCCTTATCCAGGGCAACCGAGTGCTCGTTGTCCATGATGGTTTC
GAGGGCCTGGCCAAGGGGCAGATAGAGGAAGCTGGCTGGAGCTATGTTGGGGGCTGGACT
GGCCAAGGTGGCTCTAAACTTGGGACTAAAAGGACTCTACCCAAGAAGAGCTTTGAACAG
ATCAGTGCCAATATAACTAAGTTTAACATTCAGGGCCTTGTCATCATTGGGGGCTTTGAG
GCTTACACAGGGGGCCTGGAACTGATGGAGGGCAGGAAGCAGTTTGATGAGCTCTGCATC
CCATTTGTGGTCATTCCTGCTACAGTCTCCAACAATGTCCCTGGCTCAGACTTCAGCGTT
GGGGCTGACACAGCACTCAATACTATCTGCACAACCTGTGACCGCATCAAGCAGTCAGCA
GCTGGCACCAAGCGTCGGGTGTTTATCATTGAGACTATGGGTGGCTACTGTGGCTACCTG
GCTACCATGGCTGGACTGGCAGCTGGGGCCGATGCTGCCTACATTTTTGAGGAGCCCTTC
ACCATTCGAGACCTGCAGGCAAATGTTGAACATCTGGTGCAAAAGATGAAAACAACTGTG
AAAAGGGGCTTGGTGTTAAGGAATGAAAAGTGCAATGAGAACTATACCACTGACTTCATT
TTCAACCTGTACTCTGAGGAGGGGAAGGGCATCTTCGACAGCAGGAAGAATGTGCTTGGT
CACATGCAGCAGGGTGGGAGCCCAACCCCATTTGATAGGAATTTTGCCACTAAGATGGGC
GCCAAGGCTATGAACTGGATGTCTGGGAAAATCAAAGAGAGTTACCGTAATGGGCGGATC
TTTGCCAATACTCCAGATTCGGGCTGTGTTCTGGGGATGCGTAAGAGGGCTCTGGTCTTC
CAACCAGTGGCTGAGCTGAAGGACCAGACAGATTTTGAGCATCGAATCCCCAAGGAACAG
TGGTGGCTGAAACTGAGGCCCATCCTCAAAATCCTAGCCAAGTACGAGATTGACTTGGAC
ACTTCAGACCATGCCCACCTGGAGCACATCACCCGGAAGCGGTCCGGGGAAGCTGCCGTC
TAA

1. Yamasaki T, Nakajima H, Kono N, Hotta K, Yamada K, Imai E, Kuwajima M, Noguchi T, Tanaka T, Tarui S: Structure of the entire human muscle phosphofructokinase-encoding gene: a two-promoter system. Gene. 1991 Aug 15;104(2):277-82. [PubMed ]
2. Sharma PM, Reddy GR, Vora S, Babior BM, McLachlan A: Cloning and expression of a human muscle phosphofructokinase cDNA. Gene. 1989 Apr 15;77(1):177-83. [PubMed ]
3. Nakajima H, Noguchi T, Yamasaki T, Kono N, Tanaka T, Tarui S: Cloning of human muscle phosphofructokinase cDNA. FEBS Lett. 1987 Oct 19;223(1):113-6. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Sharma PM, Reddy GR, Babior BM, McLachlan A: Alternative splicing of the transcript encoding the human muscle isoenzyme of phosphofructokinase. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jun 5;265(16):9006-10. [PubMed ]
6. Valdez BC, Chen Z, Sosa MG, Younathan ES, Chang SH: Human 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase gene has an additional intron upstream of start codon. Gene. 1989 Mar 15;76(1):167-9. [PubMed ]
7. Raben N, Sherman JB: Mutations in muscle phosphofructokinase gene. Hum Mutat. 1995;6(1):1-6. [PubMed ]
8. Molina H, Horn DM, Tang N, Mathivanan S, Pandey A: Global proteomic profiling of phosphopeptides using electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2199-204. Epub 2007 Feb 7. [PubMed ]
9. Tsujino S, Servidei S, Tonin P, Shanske S, Azan G, DiMauro S: Identification of three novel mutations in non-Ashkenazi Italian patients with muscle phosphofructokinase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 May;54(5):812-9. [PubMed ]
10. Raben N, Exelbert R, Spiegel R, Sherman JB, Nakajima H, Plotz P, Heinisch J: Functional expression of human mutant phosphofructokinase in yeast: genetic defects in French Canadian and Swiss patients with phosphofructokinase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Jan;56(1):131-41. [PubMed ]
11. Hamaguchi T, Nakajima H, Noguchi T, Nakagawa C, Kuwajima M, Kono N, Tarui S, Matsuzawa Y: Novel missense mutation (W686C) of the phosphofructokinase-M gene in a Japanese patient with a mild form of glycogenosis VII. Hum Mutat. 1996;8(3):273-5. [PubMed ]

1. Cytosolic thyroid hormone-binding protein
2. CTHBP
3. Opa-interacting protein 3
4. OIP-3
5. Pyruvate kinase 2/3
6. Pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme
7. Thyroid hormone-binding protein 1
8. THBP1
9. Tumor M2-PK
10. p58

MSKPHSEAGTAFIQTQQLHAAMADTFLEHMCRLDIDSPPITARNTGIICTIGPASRSVET
LKEMIKSGMNVARLNFSHGTHEYHAETIKNVRTATESFASDPILYRPVAVALDTKGPEIR
TGLIKGSGTAEVELKKGATLKITLDNAYMEKCDENILWLDYKNICKVVEVGSKIYVDDGL
ISLQVKQKGADFLVTEVENGGSLGSKKGVNLPGAAVDLPAVSEKDIQDLKFGVEQDVDMV
FASFIRKASDVHEVRKVLGEKGKNIKIISKIENHEGVRRFDEILEASDGIMVARGDLGIE
IPAEKVFLAQKMMIGRCNRAGKPVICATQMLESMIKKPRPTRAEGSDVANAVLDGADCIM
LSGETAKGDYPLEAVRMQHLIAREAEAAIYHLQLFEELRRLAPITSDPTEATAVGAVEAS
FKCCSGAIIVLTKSGRSAHQVARYRPRAPIIAVTRNPQTARQAHLYRGIFPVLCKDPVQE
AWAEDVDLRVNFAMNVGKARGFFKKGDVVIVLTGWRPGSGFTNTMRVVPVP

• Carbon fixation (map00710 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyruvate Metabolism (map00620 )

• ATP + pyruvate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate [RN:R00200]

• PK (PF00224 )
• PK_C (PF02887 )

• None

• None

ATGTCGAAGCCCCATAGTGAAGCCGGGACTGCCTTCATTCAGACCCAGCAGCTGCACGCA
GCCATGGCTGACACATTCCTGGAGCACATGTGCCGCCTGGACATTGATTCACCACCCATC
ACAGCCCGGAACACTGGCATCATCTGTACCATTGGCCCAGCTTCCCGATCAGTGGAGACG
TTGAAGGAGATGATTAAGTCTGGAATGAATGTGGCTCGTCTGAACTTCTCTCATGGAACT
CATGAGTACCATGCGGAGACCATCAAGAATGTGCGCACAGCCACGGAAAGCTTTGCTTCT
GACCCCATCCTCTACCGGCCCGTTGCTGTGGCTCTAGACACTAAAGGACCTGAGATCCGA
ACTGGGCTCATCAAGGGCAGCGGCACTGCAGAGGTGGAGCTGAAGAAGGGAGCCACTCTC
AAAATCACGCTGGATAACGCCTACATGGAAAAGTGTGACGAGAACATCCTGTGGCTGGAC
TACAAGAACATCTGCAAGGTGGTGGAAGTGGGCAGCAAGATCTACGTGGATGATGGGCTT
ATTTCTCTCCAGGTGAAGCAGAAAGGTGCCGACTTCCTGGTGACGGAGGTGGAAAATGGT
GGCTCCTTGGGCAGCAAGAAGGGTGTGAACCTTCCTGGGGCTGCTGTGGACTTGCCTGCT
GTGTCGGAGAAGGACATCCAGGATCTGAAGTTTGGGGTCGAGCAGGATGTTGATATGGTG
TTTGCGTCATTCATCCGCAAGGCATCTGATGTCCATGAAGTTAGGAAGGTCCTGGGAGAG
AAGGGAAAGAACATCAAGATTATCAGCAAAATCGAGAATCATGAGGGGGTTCGGAGGTTT
GATGAAATCCTGGAGGCCAGTGATGGGATCATGGTGGCTCGTGGTGATCTAGGCATTGAG
ATTCCTGCAGAGAAGGTCTTCCTTGCTCAGAAGATGATGATTGGACGGTGCAACCGAGCT
GGGAAGCCTGTCATCTGTGCTACTCAGATGCTGGAGAGCATGATCAAGAAGCCCCGCCCC
ACTCGGGCTGAAGGCAGTGATGTGGCCAATGCAGTCCTGGATGGAGCCGACTGCATCATG
CTGTCTGGAGAAACAGCCAAAGGGGACTATCCTCTGGAGGCTGTGCGCATGCAGCACCTG
ATTGCCCGTGAGGCAGAGGCTGCCATCTACCACTTGCAATTATTTGAGGAACTCCGCCGC
CTGGCGCCCATTACCAGCGACCCCACAGAAGCCACCGCCGTGGGTGCCGTGGAGGCCTCC
TTCAAGTGCTGCAGTGGGGCCATAATCGTCCTCACCAAGTCTGGCAGGTCTGCTCACCAG
GTGGCCAGATACCGCCCACGTGCCCCCATCATTGCTGTGACCCGGAATCCCCAGACAGCT
CGTCAGGCCCACCTGTACCGTGGCATCTTCCCTGTGCTGTGCAAGGACCCAGTCCAGGAG
GCCTGGGCTGAGGACGTGGACCTCCGGGTGAACTTTGCCATGAATGTTGGCAAGGCCCGA
GGCTTCTTCAAGAAGGGAGATGTGGTCATTGTGCTGACCGGATGGCGCCCTGGCTCCGGC
TTCACCAACACCATGCGTGTTGTTCCTGTGCCGTGA

1. Tani K, Yoshida MC, Satoh H, Mitamura K, Noguchi T, Tanaka T, Fujii H, Miwa S: Human M2-type pyruvate kinase: cDNA cloning, chromosomal assignment and expression in hepatoma. Gene. 1988 Dec 20;73(2):509-16. [PubMed ]
2. Kato H, Fukuda T, Parkison C, McPhie P, Cheng SY: Cytosolic thyroid hormone-binding protein is a monomer of pyruvate kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Oct;86(20):7861-5. [PubMed ]
3. Takenaka M, Noguchi T, Sadahiro S, Hirai H, Yamada K, Matsuda T, Imai E, Tanaka T: Isolation and characterization of the human pyruvate kinase M gene. Eur J Biochem. 1991 May 23;198(1):101-6. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Zody MC, Garber M, Sharpe T, Young SK, Rowen L, O'Neill K, Whittaker CA, Kamal M, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Dewar K, FitzGerald MG, Kodira CD, Madan A, Qin S, Yang X, Abbasi N, Abouelleil A, Arachchi HM, Baradarani L, Birditt B, Bloom S, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Burke J, Butler J, Cook A, DeArellano K, DeCaprio D, Dorris L 3rd, Dors M, Eichler EE, Engels R, Fahey J, Fleetwood P, Friedman C, Gearin G, Hall JL, Hensley G, Johnson E, Jones C, Kamat A, Kaur A, Locke DP, Madan A, Munson G, Jaffe DB, Lui A, Macdonald P, Mauceli E, Naylor JW, Nesbitt R, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Ratcliffe A, Rounsley S, She X, Sneddon KM, Stewart S, Sougnez C, Stone SM, Topham K, Vincent D, Wang S, Zimmer AR, Birren BW, Hood L, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: Analysis of the DNA sequence and duplication history of human chromosome 15. Nature. 2006 Mar 30;440(7084):671-5. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Ashizawa K, McPhie P, Lin KH, Cheng SY: An in vitro novel mechanism of regulating the activity of pyruvate kinase M2 by thyroid hormone and fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate. Biochemistry. 1991 Jul 23;30(29):7105-11. [PubMed ]
8. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed ]
9. Williams JM, Chen GC, Zhu L, Rest RF: Using the yeast two-hybrid system to identify human epithelial cell proteins that bind gonococcal Opa proteins: intracellular gonococci bind pyruvate kinase via their Opa proteins and require host pyruvate for growth. Mol Microbiol. 1998 Jan;27(1):171-86. [PubMed ]
10. Garcia-Gonzalo FR, Cruz C, Munoz P, Mazurek S, Eigenbrodt E, Ventura F, Bartrons R, Rosa JL: Interaction between HERC1 and M2-type pyruvate kinase. FEBS Lett. 2003 Mar 27;539(1-3):78-84. [PubMed ]
11. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed ]
12. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
13. Beausoleil SA, Villen J, Gerber SA, Rush J, Gygi SP: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Oct;24(10):1285-92. Epub 2006 Sep 10. [PubMed ]
14. Stetak A, Veress R, Ovadi J, Csermely P, Keri G, Ullrich A: Nuclear translocation of the tumor marker pyruvate kinase M2 induces programmed cell death. Cancer Res. 2007 Feb 15;67(4):1602-8. [PubMed ]
15. Molina H, Horn DM, Tang N, Mathivanan S, Pandey A: Global proteomic profiling of phosphopeptides using electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2199-204. Epub 2007 Feb 7. [PubMed ]
16. Matsuoka S, Ballif BA, Smogorzewska A, McDonald ER 3rd, Hurov KE, Luo J, Bakalarski CE, Zhao Z, Solimini N, Lerenthal Y, Shiloh Y, Gygi SP, Elledge SJ: ATM and ATR substrate analysis reveals extensive protein networks responsive to DNA damage. Science. 2007 May 25;316(5828):1160-6. [PubMed ]
17. Imami K, Sugiyama N, Kyono Y, Tomita M, Ishihama Y: Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column. Anal Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):161-6. [PubMed ]
18. Shimada N, Shinagawa T, Ishii S: Modulation of M2-type pyruvate kinase activity by the cytoplasmic PML tumor suppressor protein. Genes Cells. 2008 Mar;13(3):245-54. [PubMed ]
19. Lee J, Kim HK, Han YM, Kim J: Pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2) interacts and cooperates with Oct-4 in regulating transcription. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2008;40(5):1043-54. Epub 2007 Nov 29. [PubMed ]
20. Zahedi RP, Lewandrowski U, Wiesner J, Wortelkamp S, Moebius J, Schutz C, Walter U, Gambaryan S, Sickmann A: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets. J Proteome Res. 2008 Feb;7(2):526-34. Epub 2007 Dec 19. [PubMed ]
21. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed ]
22. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
23. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
24. Heibeck TH, Ding SJ, Opresko LK, Zhao R, Schepmoes AA, Yang F, Tolmachev AV, Monroe ME, Camp DG 2nd, Smith RD, Wiley HS, Qian WJ: An extensive survey of tyrosine phosphorylation revealing new sites in human mammary epithelial cells. J Proteome Res. 2009 Aug;8(8):3852-61. [PubMed ]
25. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
26. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
27. Dombrauckas JD, Santarsiero BD, Mesecar AD: Structural basis for tumor pyruvate kinase M2 allosteric regulation and catalysis. Biochemistry. 2005 Jul 12;44(27):9417-29. [PubMed ]

1. Pyruvate kinase 1
2. R-type/L-type pyruvate kinase
3. Red cell/liver pyruvate kinase

MSIQENISSLQLRSWVSKSQRDLAKSILIGAPGGPAGYLRRASVAQLTQELGTAFFQQQQ
LPAAMADTFLEHLCLLDIDSEPVAARSTSIIATIGPASRSVERLKEMIKAGMNIARLNFS
HGSHEYHAESIANVREAVESFAGSPLSYRPVAIALDTKGPEIRTGILQGGPESEVELVKG
SQVLVTVDPAFRTRGNANTVWVDYPNIVRVVPVGGRIYIDDGLISLVVQKIGPEGLVTQV
ENGGVLGSRKGVNLPGAQVDLPGLSEQDVRDLRFGVEHGVDIVFASFVRKASDVAAVRAA
LGPEGHGIKIISKIENHEGVKRFDEILEVSDGIMVARGDLGIEIPAEKVFLAQKMMIGRC
NLAGKPVVCATQMLESMITKPRPTRAETSDVANAVLDGADCIMLSGETAKGNFPVEAVKM
QHAIAREAEAAVYHRQLFEELRRAAPLSRDPTEVTAIGAVEAAFKCCAAAIIVLTTTGRS
AQLLSRYRPRAAVIAVTRSAQAARQVHLCRGVFPLLYREPPEAIWADDVDRRVQFGIESG
KLRGFLRVGDLVIVVTGWRPGSGYTNIMRVLSIS

• Carbon fixation (map00710 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyruvate Metabolism (map00620 )

• ATP + pyruvate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate [RN:R00200]

• PK (PF00224 )
• PK_C (PF02887 )

• None

• None

ATGTCGATCCAGGAGAACATATCATCCCTGCAGCTTCGGTCATGGGTCTCTAAGTCCCAA
AGAGACTTAGCAAAGTCCATCCTGATTGGGGCTCCAGGAGGGCCAGCGGGGTATCTGCGG
CGGGCCAGTGTGGCCCAACTGACCCAGGAGCTGGGCACTGCCTTCTTCCAGCAGCAGCAG
CTGCCAGCTGCTATGGCAGACACCTTCCTGGAACACCTCTGCCTACTGGACATTGACTCC
GAGCCCGTGGCTGCTCGCAGTACCAGCATCATTGCCACCATCGGGCCAGCATCTCGCTCC
GTGGAGCGCCTCAAGGAGATGATCAAGGCCGGGATGAACATTGCGCGACTCAACTTCTCC
CACGGCTCCCACGAGTACCATGCTGAGTCCATCGCCAACGTCCGGGAGGCGGTGGAGAGC
TTTGCAGGTTCCCCACTCAGCTACCGGCCCGTGGCCATCGCCCTGGACACCAAGGGACCG
GAGATCCGCACTGGGATCCTGCAGGGGGGTCCAGAGTCGGAAGTGGAGCTGGTGAAGGGC
TCCCAGGTGCTGGTGACTGTGGACCCCGCGTTCCGGACGCGGGGGAACGCGAACACCGTG
TGGGTGGACTACCCCAATATTGTCCGGGTCGTGCCGGTGGGGGGCCGCATCTACATTGAC
GACGGGCTCATCTCCCTAGTGGTCCAGAAAATCGGCCCAGAGGGACTGGTGACCCAAGTG
GAGAACGGCGGCGTCCTGGGCAGCCGGAAGGGCGTGAACTTGCCAGGGGCCCAGGTGGAC
TTGCCCGGGCTGTCCGAGCAGGACGTCCGAGACCTGCGCTTCGGGGTGGAGCATGGGGTG
GACATCGTCTTTGCCTCCTTTGTGCGGAAAGCCAGCGACGTGGCTGCCGTCAGGGCTGCT
CTGGGTCCGGAAGGACACGGCATCAAGATCATCAGCAAAATTGAGAACCACGAAGGCGTG
AAGAGGTTTGATGAAATCCTGGAGGTGAGCGACGGCATCATGGTGGCACGGGGGGACCTA
GGCATCGAGATCCCAGCAGAGAAGGTTTTCCTGGCTCAGAAGATGATGATTGGGCGCTGC
AACTTGGCGGGCAAGCCTGTTGTCTGTGCCACACAGATGCTGGAGAGCATGATTACCAAG
CCCCGGCCAACGAGGGCAGAGACAAGCGATGTCGCCAATGCTGTGCTGGATGGGGCTGAC
TGCATCATGCTGTCAGGGGAGACTGCCAAGGGCAACTTCCCTGTGGAAGCGGTGAAGATG
CAGCATGCGATTGCCCGGGAGGCAGAGGCCGCAGTGTACCACCGGCAGCTGTTTGAGGAG
CTACGTCGGGCAGCGCCACTAAGCCGTGATCCCACTGAGGTCACCGCCATTGGTGCTGTG
GAGGCTGCCTTCAAGTGCTGTGCTGCTGCCATCATTGTGCTGACCACAACTGGCCGCTCA
GCCCAGCTTCTGTCTCGGTACCGACCTCGGGCAGCAGTCATTGCTGTCACCCGCTCTGCC
CAGGCTGCCCGCCAGGTCCACTTATGCCGAGGAGTCTTCCCCTTGCTTTACCGTGAACCT
CCAGAAGCCATCTGGGCAGATGATGTAGATCGCCGGGTGCAATTTGGCATTGAAAGTGGA
AAGCTCCGTGGCTTCCTCCGTGTTGGAGACCTGGTGATTGTGGTGACAGGCTGGCGACCT
GGCTCCGGCTACACCAACATCATGAGGGTGCTAAGCATATCCTGA

1. Kanno H, Fujii H, Hirono A, Miwa S: cDNA cloning of human R-type pyruvate kinase and identification of a single amino acid substitution (Thr384----Met) affecting enzymatic stability in a pyruvate kinase variant (PK Tokyo) associated with hereditary hemolytic anemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Sep 15;88(18):8218-21. [PubMed ]
2. Tani K, Fujii H, Nagata S, Miwa S: Human liver type pyruvate kinase: complete amino acid sequence and the expression in mammalian cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(6):1792-5. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Tani K, Fujii H, Tsutsumi H, Sukegawa J, Toyoshima K, Yoshida MC, Noguchi T, Tanaka T, Miwa S: Human liver type pyruvate kinase: cDNA cloning and chromosomal assignment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1987 Mar 13;143(2):431-8. [PubMed ]
5. Kanno H, Fujii H, Tsujino G, Miwa S: Molecular basis of impaired pyruvate kinase isozyme conversion in erythroid cells: a single amino acid substitution near the active site and decreased mRNA content of the R-type PK. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Apr 15;192(1):46-52. [PubMed ]
6. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
7. Beutler E, Baronciani L: Mutations in pyruvate kinase. Hum Mutat. 1996;7(1):1-6. [PubMed ]
8. Baronciani L, Bianchi P, Zanella A: Hematologically important mutations: red cell pyruvate kinase. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 1996;22(1):85-9. [PubMed ]
9. Baronciani L, Bianchi P, Zanella A: Hematologically important mutations: red cell pyruvate kinase (1st update). Blood Cells Mol Dis. 1996;22(3):259-64. [PubMed ]
10. Baronciani L, Bianchi P, Zanella A: Hematologically important mutations: red cell pyruvate kinase (2nd update). Blood Cells Mol Dis. 1998 Sep;24(3):273-9. [PubMed ]
11. Bianchi P, Zanella A: Hematologically important mutations: red cell pyruvate kinase (Third update). Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2000 Feb;26(1):47-53. [PubMed ]
12. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
13. Valentini G, Chiarelli LR, Fortin R, Dolzan M, Galizzi A, Abraham DJ, Wang C, Bianchi P, Zanella A, Mattevi A: Structure and function of human erythrocyte pyruvate kinase. Molecular basis of nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jun 28;277(26):23807-14. Epub 2002 Apr 17. [PubMed ]
14. Neubauer B, Lakomek M, Winkler H, Parke M, Hofferbert S, Schroter W: Point mutations in the L-type pyruvate kinase gene of two children with hemolytic anemia caused by pyruvate kinase deficiency. Blood. 1991 May 1;77(9):1871-5. [PubMed ]
15. Kanno H, Fujii H, Hirono A, Omine M, Miwa S: Identical point mutations of the R-type pyruvate kinase (PK) cDNA found in unrelated PK variants associated with hereditary hemolytic anemia. Blood. 1992 Mar 1;79(5):1347-50. [PubMed ]
16. Kanno H, Fujii H, Miwa S: Low substrate affinity of pyruvate kinase variant (PK Sapporo) caused by a single amino acid substitution (426 Arg-->Gln) associated with hereditary hemolytic anemia. Blood. 1993 May 1;81(9):2439-41. [PubMed ]
17. Baronciani L, Beutler E: Analysis of pyruvate kinase-deficiency mutations that produce nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 May 1;90(9):4324-7. [PubMed ]
18. Kanno H, Ballas SK, Miwa S, Fujii H, Bowman HS: Molecular abnormality of erythrocyte pyruvate kinase deficiency in the Amish. Blood. 1994 Apr 15;83(8):2311-6. [PubMed ]
19. Lenzner C, Nurnberg P, Thiele BJ, Reis A, Brabec V, Sakalova A, Jacobasch G: Mutations in the pyruvate kinase L gene in patients with hereditary hemolytic anemia. Blood. 1994 May 15;83(10):2817-22. [PubMed ]
20. Baronciani L, Beutler E: Molecular study of pyruvate kinase deficient patients with hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. J Clin Invest. 1995 Apr;95(4):1702-9. [PubMed ]
21. Beutler E, Westwood B, van Zwieten R, Roos D: G-->T transition at cDNA nt 110 (K37Q) in the PKLR (pyruvate kinase) gene is the molecular basis of a case of hereditary increase of red blood cell ATP. Hum Mutat. 1997;9(3):282-5. [PubMed ]
22. Zarza R, Alvarez R, Pujades A, Nomdedeu B, Carrera A, Estella J, Remacha A, Sanchez JM, Morey M, Cortes T, Perez Lungmus G, Bureo E, Vives Corrons JL: Molecular characterization of the PK-LR gene in pyruvate kinase deficient Spanish patients. Red Cell Pathology Group of the Spanish Society of Haematology (AEHH). Br J Haematol. 1998 Nov;103(2):377-82. [PubMed ]
23. Cohen-Solal M, Prehu C, Wajcman H, Poyart C, Bardakdjian-Michau J, Kister J, Prome D, Valentin C, Bachir D, Galacteros F: A new sickle cell disease phenotype associating Hb S trait, severe pyruvate kinase deficiency (PK Conakry), and an alpha2 globin gene variant (Hb Conakry). Br J Haematol. 1998 Dec;103(4):950-6. [PubMed ]
24. Pastore L, Della Morte R, Frisso G, Alfinito F, Vitale D, Calise RM, Ferraro F, Zagari A, Rotoli B, Salvatore F: Novel mutations and structural implications in R-type pyruvate kinase-deficient patients from Southern Italy. Hum Mutat. 1998;11(2):127-34. [PubMed ]
25. Zanella A, Bianchi P, Fermo E, Iurlo A, Zappa M, Vercellati C, Boschetti C, Baronciani L, Cotton F: Molecular characterization of the PK-LR gene in sixteen pyruvate kinase-deficient patients. Br J Haematol. 2001 Apr;113(1):43-8. [PubMed ]
26. van Wijk R, Huizinga EG, van Wesel AC, van Oirschot BA, Hadders MA, van Solinge WW: Fifteen novel mutations in PKLR associated with pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency: structural implications of amino acid substitutions in PK. Hum Mutat. 2009 Mar;30(3):446-53. [PubMed ]

1. Succinyl-CoA synthetase subunit alpha
2. SCS-alpha

MTATLAAAADIATMVSGSSGLAAARLLSRSFLLPQNGIRHCSYTASRQHLYVDKNTKIIC
QGFTGKQGTFHSQQALEYGTKLVGGTTPGKGGQTHLGLPVFNTVKEAKEQTGATASVIYV
PPPFAAAAINEAIEAEIPLVVCITEGIPQQDMVRVKHKLLRQEKTRLIGPNCPGVINPGE
CKIGIMPGHIHKKGRIGIVSRSGTLTYEAVHQTTQVGLGQSLCVGIGGDPFNGTDFIDCL
EIFLNDSATEGIILIGEIGGNAEENAAEFLKQHNSGPNSKPVVSFIAGLTAPPGRRMGHA
GAIIAGGKGGAKEKISALQSAGVVVSMSPAQLGTTIYKEFEKRKML

• Citrate Cycle (map00020 )
• Propanoate Metabolism (map00640 )

• GTP + succinate + CoA = GDP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA [RN:R00432]

• CoA_binding (PF02629 )
• Ligase_CoA (PF00549 )

• None

• None

ATGACCGCAACCCTTGCCGCTGCCGCTGACATCGCTACCATGGTCTCCGGCAGCAGCGGC
CTCGCCGCCGCCCGTCTCCTGTCGCGCAGCTTCCTCCTGCCGCAGAATGGAATTCGGCAT
TGTTCCTACACAGCTTCTCGGCAACATCTCTATGTTGATAAAAATACAAAGATTATTTGC
CAGGGTTTCACTGGCAAACAGGGCACCTTTCACAGCCAGCAGGCATTGGAATATGGCACC
AAACTCGTTGGAGGAACCACTCCAGGGAAAGGAGGCCAGACACATCTGGGCTTACCTGTC
TTTAATACTGTGAAGGAGGCCAAAGAACAGACAGGAGCAACGGCTTCTGTCATTTATGTT
CCTCCGCCTTTTGCTGCTGCTGCCATTAATGAAGCTATTGAGGCAGAAATTCCCTTGGTT
GTGTGTATCACTGAAGGAATTCCCCAGCAGGACATGGTACGAGTCAAGCACAAACTGCTG
CGCCAGGAAAAGACAAGGCTAATTGGGCCCAACTGCCCTGGAGTCATCAATCCTGGAGAA
TGTAAAATTGGCATCATGCCTGGCCATATTCACAAAAAAGGAAGGATTGGCATTGTGTCC
AGATCTGGCACCCTGACTTATGAAGCAGTTCACCAAACAACGCAAGTTGGATTGGGGCAG
TCTTTGTGCGTTGGCATTGGAGGTGATCCTTTTAATGGAACAGATTTTATTGACTGCCTC
GAAATCTTTTTGAACGATTCTGCCACAGAAGGCATCATATTGATTGGTGAAATTGGTGGT
AATGCAGAAGAGAATGCTGCAGAATTTTTGAAGCAACATAATTCAGGTCCAAATTCCAAG
CCTGTAGTGTCCTTCATTGCTGGTTTAACTGCTCCTCCTGGGAGAAGAATGGGTCATGCC
GGGGCAATTATTGCTGGAGGAAAAGGTGGAGCTAAAGAGAAGATCTCTGCCCTTCAGAGT
GCAGGAGTTGTGGTCAGTATGTCTCCTGCACAGCTGGGAACCACGATCTACAAGGAATTT
GAAAAGAGGAAGATGCTATGA

1. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
3. James M, Man NT, Edwards YH, Morris GE: The molecular basis for cross-reaction of an anti-dystrophin antibody with alpha-actinin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Apr 12;1360(2):169-76. [PubMed ]
4. Ostergaard E, Christensen E, Kristensen E, Mogensen B, Duno M, Shoubridge EA, Wibrand F: Deficiency of the alpha subunit of succinate-coenzyme A ligase causes fatal infantile lactic acidosis with mitochondrial DNA depletion. Am J Hum Genet. 2007 Aug;81(2):383-7. Epub 2007 Jun 4. [PubMed ]
5. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. GTP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetase subunit beta
2. Succinyl-CoA synthetase beta-G chain
3. SCS-betaG

MASPVAAQAGKLLRALALRPRFLAAGSQAVQLTSRRWLNLQEYQSKKLMSDNGVRVQRFF
VADTANEALEAAKRLNAKEIVLKAQILAGGRGKGVFNSGLKGGVHLTKDPNVVGQLAKQM
IGYNLATKQTPKEGVKVNKVMVAEALDISRETYLAILMDRSCNGPVLVGSPQGGVDIEEV
AASNPELIFKEQIDIFEGIKDSQAQRMAENLGFVGPLKSQAADQITKLYNLFLKIDATQV
EVNPFGETPEGQVVCFDAKINFDDNAEFRQKDIFAMDDKSENEPIENEAAKYDLKYIGLD
GNIACFVNGAGLAMATCDIIFLNGGKPANFLDLGGGVKEAQVYQAFKLLTADPKVEAILV
NIFGGIVNCAIIANGITKACRELELKVPLVVRLEGTNVQEAQKILNNSGLPITSAIDLED
AAKKAVASVAKK

• Citrate Cycle (map00020 )
• Propanoate Metabolism (map00640 )

• GTP + succinate + CoA = GDP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA [RN:R00432]

• ATP-grasp_2 (PF08442 )
• Ligase_CoA (PF00549 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGTCCCCCGTAGCAGCGCAGGCCGGGAAGCTTCTGCGAGCCCTAGCGCTGCGGCCC
CGCTTCCTGGCGGCCGGGTCCCAGGCAGTTCAATTAACCTCCAGAAGATGGCTGAACCTG
CAGGAATACCAGAGCAAGAAACTGATGTCTGACAACGGAGTGAGAGTTCAAAGATTCTTT
GTAGCAGACACTGCAAATGAAGCTCTCGAGGCTGCTAAGAGACTAAATGCAAAAGAAATT
GTTTTAAAAGCCCAGATCTTAGCTGGAGGAAGAGGAAAAGGTGTCTTCAATAGTGGTTTG
AAAGGAGGTGTTCATTTAACAAAAGACCCTAATGTTGTGGGACAGCTGGCTAAACAGATG
ATTGGGTACAATCTAGCGACAAAACAAACTCCAAAAGAAGGTGTGAAAGTTAACAAGGTG
ATGGTTGCTGAAGCCTTGGATATTTCCAGAGAAACCTACCTGGCAATTCTGATGGACCGG
TCCTGCAATGGCCCCGTGCTGGTGGGCAGCCCCCAGGGGGGCGTCGACATTGAAGAGGTG
GCTGCTTCAAACCCGGAGCTCATTTTTAAGGAGCAAATTGACATTTTTGAAGGAATAAAG
GACAGCCAAGCTCAGCGGATGGCCGAAAATCTAGGCTTCGTTGGGCCTTTGAAAAGCCAG
GCTGCAGATCAAATTACGAAGCTGTATAATCTCTTCCTGAAAATTGATGCTACTCAGGTG
GAAGTGAATCCCTTTGGTGAAACTCCAGAAGGACAAGTTGTCTGTTTTGATGCCAAGATA
AACTTTGATGACAACGCAGAATTCCGACAAAAAGACATATTTGCTATGGACGACAAATCA
GAGAATGAGCCCATTGAAAATGAAGCTGCCAAATATGATCTAAAATACATAGGACTAGAT
GGGAACATTGCCTGCTTTGTGAATGGTGCTGGGCTCGCCATGGCTACTTGTGATATCATT
TTCCTTAATGGTGGGAAGCCAGCCAACTTCTTGGATCTTGGAGGTGGTGTAAAGGAAGCT
CAAGTATATCAAGCATTCAAATTGCTCACAGCTGATCCTAAGGTTGAAGCCATCCTTGTC
AATATATTTGGTGGTATCGTCAACTGTGCCATCATTGCCAATGGGATCACCAAAGCCTGC
CGGGAGCTAGAACTCAAGGTGCCCCTGGTGGTCCGGCTTGAAGGAACCAACGTCCAAGAG
GCCCAGAAGATACTCAACAACAGCGGACTCCCCATTACTTCAGCCATTGACCTGGAGGAT
GCAGCCAAGAAGGCTGTGGCCAGTGTGGCCAAGAAGTGA

1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
2. Johnson JD, Mehus JG, Tews K, Milavetz BI, Lambeth DO: Genetic evidence for the expression of ATP- and GTP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetases in multicellular eucaryotes. J Biol Chem. 1998 Oct 16;273(42):27580-6. [PubMed ]
3. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. PEPCK-C
2. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase

MPPQLQNGLNLSAKVVQGSLDSLPQAVREFLENNAELCQPDHIHICDGSEEENGRLLGQM
EEEGILRRLKKYDNCWLALTDPRDVARIESKTVIVTQEQRDTVPIPKTGLSQLGRWMSEE
DFEKAFNARFPGCMKGRTMYVIPFSMGPLGSPLSKIGIELTDSPYVVASMRIMTRMGTPV
LEAVGDGEFVKCLHSVGCPLPLQKPLVNNWPCNPELTLIAHLPDRREIISFGSGYGGNSL
LGKKCFALRMASRLAKEEGWLAEHMLILGITNPEGEKKYLAAAFPSACGKTNLAMMNPSL
PGWKVECVGDDIAWMKFDAQGHLRAINPENGFFGVAPGTSVKTNPNAIKTIQKNTIFTNV
AETSDGGVYWEGIDEPLASGVTITSWKNKEWSSEDGEPCAHPNSRFCTPASQCPIIDAAW
ESPEGVPIEGIIFGGRRPAGVPLVYEALSWQHGVFVGAAMRSEATAAAEHKGKIIMHDPF
AMRPFFGYNFGKYLAHWLSMAQHPAAKLPKIFHVNWFRKDKEGKFLWPGFGENSRVLEWM
FNRIDGKASTKLTPIGYIPKEDALNLKGLGHINMMELFSISKEFWEKEVEDIEKYLEDQV
NADLPCEIEREILALKQRISQM

• Citrate Cycle (map00020 )
• Pyruvate Metabolism (map00620 )

• GTP + oxaloacetate = GDP + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2 [RN:R00431]

• PEPCK (PF00821 )

• None

• None

ATGCCTCCTCAGCTGCAAAACGGCCTGAACCTCTCGGCCAAAGTTGTCCAGGGAAGCCTG
GACAGCCTGCCCCAGGCAGTGAGGGAGTTTCTCGAGAATAACGCTGAGCTGTGTCAGCCT
GATCACATCCACATCTGTGACGGCTCTGAGGAGGAGAATGGGCGGCTTCTGGGCCAGATG
GAGGAAGAGGGCATCCTCAGGCGGCTGAAGAAGTATGACAACTGCTGGTTGGCTCTCACT
GACCCCAGGGATGTGGCCAGGATCGAAAGCAAGACGGTTATCGTCACCCAAGAGCAAAGA
GACACAGTGCCCATCCCCAAAACAGGCCTCAGCCAGCTCGGTCGCTGGATGTCAGAGGAG
GATTTTGAGAAAGCGTTCAATGCCAGGTTCCCAGGGTGCATGAAAGGTCGCACCATGTAC
GTCATCCCATTCAGCATGGGGCCGCTGGGCTCACCTCTGTCGAAGATCGGCATCGAGCTG
ACGGATTCGCCCTACGTGGTGGCCAGCATGCGGATCATGACGCGGATGGGCACGCCCGTC
CTGGAAGCACTGGGCGATGGGGAGTTTGTCAAATGCCTCCATTCTGTGGGGTGCCCTCTG
CCTTTACAAAAGCCTTTGGTCAACAACTGGCCCTGCAACCCGGAGCTGACGCTCATCGCC
CACCTGCCTGACCGCAGAGAGATCATCTCCTTTGGCAGTGGGTACGGCGGGAACTCGCTG
CTCGGGAAGAAGTGCTTTGCTCTCAGGATGGCCAGCCGGCTGGCAGAGGAGGAAGGGTGG
CTGGCAGAGCACATGCTGATTCTGGGTATAACCAACCCTGAGGGTGAGAAGAAGTACCTG
GCGGCCGCATTTCCCAGCGCCTGCGGGAAGACCAACCTGGCCATGATGAACCCCAGCCTC
CCCGGGTGGAAGGTTGAGTGCGTCGGGGATGACATTGCCTGGATGAAGTTTGACGCACAA
GGTCATTTAAGGGCCATCAACCCAGAAAATGGCTTTTTCGGTGTCGCTCCTGGGACTTCA
GTGAAGACCAACCCCAATGCCATCAAGACCATCCAGAAGAACACAATCTTTACCAATGTG
GCCGAGACCAGCGACGGGGGCGTTTACTGGGAAGGCATTGATGAGCCGCTAGCTTCAGGC
GTCACCATCACGTCCTGGAAGAATAAGGAGTGGAGCTCAGAGGATGGGGAACCTTGTGCC
CACCCCAACTCGAGGTTCTGCACCCCTGCCAGCCAGTGCCCCATCATTGATGCTGCCTGG
GAGTCTCCGGAAGGTGTTCCCATTGAAGGCATTATCTTTGGAGGCCGTAGACCTGCTGGT
GTCCCTCTAGTCTATGAAGCTCTCAGCTGGCAACATGGAGTCTTTGTGGGGGCGGCCATG
AGATCAGAGGCCACAGCGGCTGCAGAACATAAAGGCAAAATCATCATGCATGACCCCTTT
GCCATGCGGCCCTTCTTTGGCTACAACTTCGGCAAATACCTGGCCCACTGGCTTAGCATG
GCCCAGCACCCAGCAGCCAAACTGCCCAAGATCTTCCATGTCAACTGGTTCCGGAAGGAC
AAGGAAGGCAAATTCCTCTGGCCAGGCTTTGGAGAGAACTCCAGGGTGCTGGAGTGGATG
TTCAACCGGATCGATGGAAAAGCCAGCACCAACGTCACGCCCATAGGCTACATCCCCAAG
GAGGATGCCCTGAACCTGAAAGGCCTGGGGCACATCAACATGATGGAGCTTTTCAGCATC
TCCAAGGAATTCTGGGACAAGGAGGTGGAAGACATCGAGAAGTATCTGGTGGATCAAGTC
AATGCCGACCTCCCCTGTGAAATCGAGAGAGAGATCCTTGCCTTGAAGCAAAGAATAAGC
CAGATGTAA

1. Stoffel M, Xiang KS, Espinosa R 3rd, Cox NJ, Le Beau MM, Bell GI: cDNA sequence and localization of polymorphic human cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene (PCK1) to chromosome 20, band q13.31: PCK1 is not tightly linked to maturity-onset diabetes of the young. Hum Mol Genet. 1993 Jan;2(1):1-4. [PubMed ]
2. Ting CN, Burgess DL, Chamberlain JS, Keith TP, Falls K, Meisler MH: Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP): characterization of the human PCK1 gene and localization distal to MODY on chromosome 20. Genomics. 1993 Jun;16(3):698-706. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. O'Brien RM, Printz RL, Halmi N, Tiesinga JJ, Granner DK: Structural and functional analysis of the human phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene promoter. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Dec 27;1264(3):284-8. [PubMed ]
7. Liu J, Hanson RW: Regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) gene transcription. Mol Cell Biochem. 1991 May 29-Jun 12;104(1-2):89-100. [PubMed ]
8. Zhao S, Xu W, Jiang W, Yu W, Lin Y, Zhang T, Yao J, Zhou L, Zeng Y, Li H, Li Y, Shi J, An W, Hancock SM, He F, Qin L, Chin J, Yang P, Chen X, Lei Q, Xiong Y, Guan KL: Regulation of cellular metabolism by protein lysine acetylation. Science. 2010 Feb 19;327(5968):1000-4. [PubMed ]
9. Dunten P, Belunis C, Crowther R, Hollfelder K, Kammlott U, Levin W, Michel H, Ramsey GB, Swain A, Weber D, Wertheimer SJ: Crystal structure of human cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase reveals a new GTP-binding site. J Mol Biol. 2002 Feb 15;316(2):257-64. [PubMed ]

1. ATP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetase subunit beta
2. Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-39
3. Succinyl-CoA synthetase beta-A chain
4. SCS-betaA

MAASMFYGRLVAVATLRNHRPRTAQRAAAQVLGSSGLFNNHGLQVQQQQQRNLSLHEYMS
MELLQEAGVSVPKGYVAKSPDEAYAIAKKLGSKDVVIKAQVLAGGRGKGTFESGLKGGVK
IVFSPEEAKAVSSQMIGKKLFTKQTGEKGRICNQVLVCERKYPRREYYFAITMERSFQGP
VLIGSSHGGVNIEDVAAESPEAIIKEPIDIEEGIKKEQALQLAQKMGFPPNIVESAAENM
VKLYSLFLKYDATMIEINPMVEDSDGAVLCMDAKINFDSNSAYRQKKIFDLQDWTQEDER
DKDAAKANLNYIGLDGNIGCLVNGAGLAMATMDIIKLHGGTPANFLDVGGGATVHQVTEA
FKLITSDKKVLAILVNIFGGIMRCDVIAQGIVMAVKDLEIKIPVVVRLQGTRVDDAKALI
ADSGLKILACDDLDEAARMVVKLSEIVTLAKQAHVDVKFQLPI

• C5-Branched Dibasic Acid Metabolism (map00660 )
• Citrate Cycle (map00020 )
• Propanoate Metabolism (map00640 )

• ATP + succinate + CoA = ADP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA [RN:R00405]

• ATP-grasp_2 (PF08442 )
• Ligase_CoA (PF00549 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGGCCTCCATGTTCTACGGCAGGCTAGTGGCCGTGGCCACCCTTCGGAACCACCGG
CCTCGGACGGCCCAGCGGGCTGCTGCTCAGGTTCTGGGAAGTTCTGGATTGTTTAATAAC
CATGGACTCCAAGTACAGCAGCAACAGCAAAGGAATCTCTCACTACATGAATACATGAGT
ATGGAATTATTGCAAGAAGCTGGTGTCTCCGTTCCCAAAGGATATGTGGCAAAGTCACCA
GATGAAGCTTATGCAATTGCCAAAAAATTAGGTTCAAAAGATGTCGTGATAAAGGCACAG
GTTTTAGCTGGTGGTAGAGGAAAAGGAACATTTGAAAGTGGCCTCAAAGGAGGAGTGAAG
ATAGTTTTCTCTCCAGAAGAAGCAAAAGCTGTTTCTTCACAAATGATTGGGAAAAAATTG
TTTACCAAGCAAACGGGAGAAAAGGGCAGAATATGCAATCAAGTATTGGTCTGTGAGCGA
AAATATCCCAGGAGAGAATACTACTTTGCAATAACAATGGAAAGGTCATTTCAAGGTCCT
GTATTAATAGGAAGTTCACATGGTGGTGTCAACATTGAAGATGTTGCTGCTGAGTCTCCT
GAAGCAATAATTAAAGAACCTATTGATATTGAAGAAGGCATCAAAAAGGAACAAGCTCTC
CAGCTTGCACAGAAGATGGGATTTCCACCTAATATTGTGGAATCAGCAGCAGAAAACATG
GTCAAGCTTTACAGCCTTTTTCTGAAATACGATGCAACCATGATAGAAATAAATCCAATG
GTGGAAGATTCAGATGGAGCTGTATTGTGTATGGATGCAAAGATCAATTTTGACTCTAAT
TCAGCCTATCGCCAAAAGAAAATCTTTGATCTACAGGACTGGACCCAGGAAGATGAAAGG
GACAAAGATGCTGCTAAGGCAAATCTCAACTACATTGGCCTCGATGGAAATATAGGCTGC
CTAGTAAATGGTGCTGGTTTGGCTATGGCCACAATGGATATAATAAAACTTCATGGAGGG
ACTCCAGCCAACTTCCTTGATGTTGGTGGTGGTGCTACAGTCCATCAAGTAACAGAAGCA
TTTAAGCTTATCACTTCAGATAAAAAGGTACTGGCTATTCTGGTCAACATTTTTGGAGGA
ATCATGCGCTGTGATGTTATTGCACAGGGTATAGTCATGGCAGTAAAAGACTTGGAAATT
AAAATACCTGTTGTGGTACGGTTACAAGGTACACGAGTCGATGATGCTAAGGCACTGATA
GCGGACAGTGGACTTAAAATACTTGCTTGTGATGACTTGGATGAAGCTGCTAGAATGGTT
GTAAAGCTCTCTGAAATAGTGACCTTAGCGAAGCAAGCACATGTGGATGTGAAATTTCAG
TTGCCAATATGA

1. Furuyama K, Sassa S: Interaction between succinyl CoA synthetase and the heme-biosynthetic enzyme ALAS-E is disrupted in sideroblastic anemia. J Clin Invest. 2000 Mar;105(6):757-64. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Dunham A, Matthews LH, Burton J, Ashurst JL, Howe KL, Ashcroft KJ, Beare DM, Burford DC, Hunt SE, Griffiths-Jones S, Jones MC, Keenan SJ, Oliver K, Scott CE, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews DT, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Bannerjee R, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burrill W, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp ME, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg SC, Cobley V, Collins JE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Deloukas P, Dhami P, Dunham I, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AG, Faulkner L, Frankish AG, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gilbert JG, Gilson CJ, Ghori J, Grafham DV, Gribble SM, Griffiths C, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Howden PJ, Huckle EJ, Hunt PJ, Hunt AR, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kay M, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford CJ, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Lloyd C, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, McLaren SJ, McMurray A, Milne S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter KM, Rice CM, Searle S, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thomas DW, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wright MW, Young L, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Beck S, Bentley DR, Rogers J, Ross MT: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13. Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):522-8. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Johnson JD, Mehus JG, Tews K, Milavetz BI, Lambeth DO: Genetic evidence for the expression of ATP- and GTP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetases in multicellular eucaryotes. J Biol Chem. 1998 Oct 16;273(42):27580-6. [PubMed ]
6. Scanlan MJ, Gordan JD, Williamson B, Stockert E, Bander NH, Jongeneel V, Gure AO, Jager D, Jager E, Knuth A, Chen YT, Old LJ: Antigens recognized by autologous antibody in patients with renal-cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 1999 Nov 12;83(4):456-64. [PubMed ]
7. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed ]
8. Elpeleg O, Miller C, Hershkovitz E, Bitner-Glindzicz M, Bondi-Rubinstein G, Rahman S, Pagnamenta A, Eshhar S, Saada A: Deficiency of the ADP-forming succinyl-CoA synthase activity is associated with encephalomyopathy and mitochondrial DNA depletion. Am J Hum Genet. 2005 Jun;76(6):1081-6. Epub 2005 Apr 22. [PubMed ]
9. Ostergaard E, Hansen FJ, Sorensen N, Duno M, Vissing J, Larsen PL, Faeroe O, Thorgrimsson S, Wibrand F, Christensen E, Schwartz M: Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with elevated methylmalonic acid is caused by SUCLA2 mutations. Brain. 2007 Mar;130(Pt 3):853-61. Epub 2007 Feb 7. [PubMed ]
10. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
11. Carrozzo R, Dionisi-Vici C, Steuerwald U, Lucioli S, Deodato F, Di Giandomenico S, Bertini E, Franke B, Kluijtmans LA, Meschini MC, Rizzo C, Piemonte F, Rodenburg R, Santer R, Santorelli FM, van Rooij A, Vermunt-de Koning D, Morava E, Wevers RA: SUCLA2 mutations are associated with mild methylmalonic aciduria, Leigh-like encephalomyopathy, dystonia and deafness. Brain. 2007 Mar;130(Pt 3):862-74. Epub 2007 Feb 14. [PubMed ]

1. UCK 2
2. Cytidine monophosphokinase 2
3. Testis-specific protein TSA903
4. Uridine monophosphokinase 2

MAGDSEQTLQNHQQPNGGEPFLIGVSGGTASGKSSVCAKIVQLLGQNEVDYRQKQVVILS
QDSFYRVLTSEQKAKALKGQFNFDHPDAFDNELILKTLKEITEGKTVQIPVYDFVSHSRK
EETVTVYPADVVLFEGILAFYSQEVRDLFQMKLFVDTDADTRLSRRVLRDISERGRDLEQ
ILSQYITFVKPAFEEFCLPTKKYADVIIPRGADNLVAINLIVQHIQDILNGGPSKRQTNG
CLNGYTPSRKRQASESSSRPH

• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• ATP + uridine = ADP + UMP [RN:R00964]

• PRK (PF00485 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCGGGGACAGCGAGCAGACCCTGCAGAACCACCAGCAGCCCAACGGCGGCGAGCCC
TTCCTTATAGGCGTCAGCGGGGGAACAGCTAGCGGCAAGTCTTCCGTGTGTGCTAAGATC
GTGCAGCTCCTGGGGCAGAATGAGGTGGACTATCGCCAGAAGCAGGTGGTCATCCTGAGC
CAGGATAGCTTCTACCGTGTCCTTACCTCGGAGCAGAAGGCCAAAGCCCTGAAGGGCCAG
TTCAACTTTGACCACCCGGATGCCTTTGACAATGAACTCATTCTCAAAACACTCAAAGAA
ATCACTGAAGGGAAAACAGTCCAGATCCCCGTGTATGACTTTGTCTCCCATTCCCGGAAG
GAGGAGACAGTTACTGTCTATCCCGCAGACGTGGTGCTCTTTGAAGGGATCCTGGCCTTC
TACTCCCAGGAGGTACGAGACCTGTTCCAGATGAAGCTTTTTGTGGATACAGATGCGGAC
ACCCGGCTCTCACGCAGAGTATTAAGGGACATCAGCGAGAGAGGCAGGGATCTTGAGCAG
ATTTTATCTCAGTACATTACGTTCGTCAAGCCTGCCTTTGAGGAATTCTGCTTGCCAACA
AAGAAGTATGCTGATGTGATCATCCCTAGAGGTGCAGATAATCTGGTGGCCATCAACCTC
ATCGTGCAGCACATCCAGGACATCCTGAATGGAGGGCCCTCCAAACGGCAGACCAATGGC
TGTCTCAACGGCTACACCCCTTCACGCAAGAGGCAGGCATCGGAGTCCAGCAGCAGGCCG
CATTGA

1. Ozaki K, Kuroki T, Hayashi S, Nakamura Y: Isolation of three testis-specific genes (TSA303, TSA806, TSA903) by a differential mRNA display method. Genomics. 1996 Sep 1;36(2):316-9. [PubMed ]
2. Van Rompay AR, Norda A, Linden K, Johansson M, Karlsson A: Phosphorylation of uridine and cytidine nucleoside analogs by two human uridine-cytidine kinases. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 May;59(5):1181-6. [PubMed ]
3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Koizumi K, Shimamoto Y, Azuma A, Wataya Y, Matsuda A, Sasaki T, Fukushima M: Cloning and expression of uridine/cytidine kinase cDNA from human fibrosarcoma cells. Int J Mol Med. 2001 Sep;8(3):273-8. [PubMed ]
6. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed ]
7. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
8. Suzuki NN, Koizumi K, Fukushima M, Matsuda A, Inagaki F: Structural basis for the specificity, catalysis, and regulation of human uridine-cytidine kinase. Structure. 2004 May;12(5):751-64. [PubMed ]
9. Appleby TC, Larson G, Cheney IW, Walker H, Wu JZ, Zhong W, Hong Z, Yao N: Structure of human uridine-cytidine kinase 2 determined by SIRAS using a rotating-anode X-ray generator and a single samarium derivative. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2005 Mar;61(Pt 3):278-84. Epub 2005 Feb 24. [PubMed ]

MAASMFYGRLVAVATLRNHRPRTAQRAAAQVLGSSGLFNNHGLQVQQQQQRNLSLHEYMS
MELLQEAGVSVPKGYVAKSPDEAYAIAKKLGSKDVVIKAQVLAGGRGKGTFESGLKGGVK
IVFSPEEAKAVSSQMIGKKLFTKQTGEKGRICNQVLVCERKYPRREYYFAITMERSFQGP
VLIGSSHGGVNIEDVAAESPEAIIKEPIDIEEGIKKEQALQLAQKMGFPPNIVESAAENM
VKLYSLFLKYDATMIEINPMVEDSDGAVLCMDAKINFDSNSAYRQKKIFDLQDWTQEDER
DKDAAKANLNYIGLDGNIGCLVNGAGLAMATMDIIKLHGGTPANFLDVGGGATVHQVTEA
FKLITSDKKVLAILVNIFGGIMRCDVIAQGIVMAVKDLEIKIPVVVRLQGTRVDDAKALI
ADSGLKILACDDLDEAARMVVKLSEIVTLAKQAHVDVKFQLPI

• ATP-grasp_2 (PF08442 )
• Ligase_CoA (PF00549 )

ATGGCGGCCTCCATGTTCTACGGCAGGCTAGTGGCCGTGGCCACCCTTCGGAACCACCGG
CCTCGGACGGCCCAGCAACAGCAAAGGAATCTCTCACTACATGAATACATGAGTATGGAA
TTATTGCAAGAAGCTGGTGTCTCCGTTCCCAAAGGATATGTGGCAAAGTCACCAGATGAA
GCTTATGCAATTGCCAAAAAATTAGGTTCAAAAGATGTCGTGATAAAGGCACAGGTTTTA
GCTGGTGGTAGAGGAAAAGGAACATTTGAAAGTGGCCTCAAAGGAGGAGTGAAGATAGTT
TTCTCTCCAGAAGAAGCAAAAGCTGTTTCTTCACAAATGATTGGGAAAAAATTGTTTACC
AAGCAAACGGGAGAAAAGGGCAGAATATGCAATCAAGTATTGGTCTGTGAGCGAAAATAT
CCCAGGAGAGAATACTACTTTGCAATAACAATGGAAAGGTCATTTCAAGGTCCTGTATTA
ATAGGAAGTTCACATGGTGGTGTCAACATTGAAGATGTTGCTGCTGAGTCTCCTGAAGCA
ATAATTAAAGAACCTATTGATATTGAAGAAGGCATCAAAAAGGAACAAGCTCTCCAGCTT
GCACAGAAGATGGGATTTCCACCTAATATTGTGGAATCAGCAGCAGAAAACATGGTCAAG
CTTTACAGCCTTTTTCTGAAATACGATGCAACCATGATAGAAATAAATCCAATGGTGGAA
GATTCAGATGGAGCTGTATTGTGTATGGATGCAAAGATCAATTTTGACTCTAATTCAGCC
TATCGCCAAAAGAAAATCTTTGATCTACAGGACTGGACCCAGGAAGATGAAAGGGACAAA
GATGCTGCTAAGGCAAATCTCAACTACATTGGCCTCGATGGAAATATAGGCTGCCTAGTA
AATGGTGCTGGTTTGGCTATGGCCACAATGGATATAATAAAACTTCATGGAGGGACTCCA
GCCAACTTCCTTGATGTTGGTGGTGGTGCTACAGTCCATCAAGTAACAGAAGCATTTAAG
CTTATCACTTCAGATAAAAAGGTACTGGCTATTCTGGTCAACATTTTTGGAGGAATCATG
CGCTGTGATGTTATTGCACAGGGTATAGTCATGGCAGTAAAAGACTTGGAAATTAAAATA
CCTGTTGTGGTACGGTTACAAGGTACACGAGTCGATGATGCTAAGGCACTGATAGCGGAC
AGTGGACTTAAAATACTTGCTTGTGATGACTTGGATGAAGCTGCTAGAATGGTTGTAAAG
CTCTCTGAAATAGTGACCTTAGCGAAGCAAGCACATGTGGATGTGAAATTTCAGTTGCCA
ATATGA

MAAPPARADADPSPTSPPTARDTPGRQAEKSETACEDRSNAESLDRLLPPVGTGRSPRKR
TTSQCKSEPPLLRTSKRTIYTAGRPPWYNEHGTQSKEAFAIGLGGGSASGKTTVARMIIE
ALDVPWVVLLSMDSFYKVLTEQQQEQAAHNNFNFDHPDAFDFDLIISTLKKLKQGKSVKV
PIYDFTTHSRKKDWKTLYGANVIIFEGIMAFADKTLLELLDMKIFVDTDSDIRLVRRLRR
DISERGRDIEGVIKQYNKFVKPSFDQYIQPTMRLADIVVPRGSGNTVAIDLIVQHVHSQL
EERELSVRAALASAHQCHPLPRTLSVLKSTPQVRGMHTIIRDKETSRDEFIFYSKRLMRL
LIEHALSFLPFQDCVVQTPQGQDYAGKCYAGKQITGVSILRAGETMEPALRAVCKDVRIG
TILIQTNQLTGEPELHYLRLPKDISDDHVILMDCTVSTGAAAMMAVRVLLDHDVPEDKIF
LLSLLMAEMGVHSVAYAFPRVRIITTAVDKRVNDLFRIIPGIGNFGDRYFGTDAVPDGSD
EEEVAYTG

• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• ATP + uridine = ADP + UMP [RN:R00964]

• PRK (PF00485 )

• None

• None

ATGGCTGCGCCCCCGGCCCGCGCGGACGCTGATCCTTCGCCCACGTCGCCACCTACGGCC
CGAGACACACCAGGCCGGCAGGCTGAGAAAAGCGAGACCGCGTGCGAGGACCGCAGCAAT
GCAGAGTCCCTGGACAGGCTCCTGCCACCTGTGGGCACTGGGCGCTCTCCCCGGAAGCGG
ACCACCAGCCAGTGCAAGTCAGAGCCTCCCCTGCTGCGTACAAGCAAGCGTACCATCTAC
ACCGCCGGGCGGCCGCCCTGGTACAATGAACACGGCACGCAATCCAAAGAGGCCTTCGCC
ATCGGCTTGGGAGGCGGCAGTGCCTCTGGGAAGACCACTGTGGCCAGAATGATCATCGAG
GCCCTGGATGTGCCCTGGGTGGTCTTGCTGTCCATGGACTCCTTCTACAAGGTGCTGACT
GAGCAGCAGCAGGAACAGGCCGCACACAACAACTTCAACTTCGACCACCCAGATGCCTTT
GACTTCGACCTCATCATTTCCACCCTCAAGAAGCTGAAGCAGGGGAAGAGTGTCAAGGTG
CCCATTTATGACTTCACCACGCACAGCCGGAAGAAGGACTGGAAAACACTGTATGGTGCA
AACGTCATCATCTTTGAGGGCATCATGGCCTTTGCTGACAAGACACTGTTGGAGCTCCTG
GACATGAAGATCTTTGTGGACACAGACTCCGACATCCGCCTGGTACGGCGGCTGCGCCGG
GACATCAGTGAGCGCGGCCGGGACATCGAGGGTGTCATCAAGCAGTACAACAAGTTTGTC
AAGCCCTCCTTCGACCAGTACATCCAGCCCACCATGCGCCTGGCAGACATCGTGGTCCCC
AGAGGGAGCGGCAACACGGTGGCCATCGACCTGATTGTGCAGCACGTGCACAGCCAGCTG
GAGGAGCGTGAACTCAGCGTCAGGGCTGCGCTGGCCTCGGCACACCAGTGCCACCCGCTG
CCCCGGACGCTGAGCGTCCTGAAGAGCACGCCGCAGGTACGGGGCATGCACACCATCATC
AGGGACAAGGAGACCAGTCGCGACGAGTTCATCTTCTACTCCAAGAGACTGATGCGGCTG
CTCATCGAGCACGCGCTCTCCTTCCTGCCCTTTCAGGACTGCGTCGTACAGACCCCGCAG
GGGCAGGACTATGCGGGCAAGTGCTATGCGGGGAAGCAGATCACCGGTGTGTCCATTCTG
CGCGCCGGTGAAACCATGGAGCCCGCGCTGCGCGCTGTGTGCAAAGACGTGCGCATCGGC
ACCATCCTCATCCAGACCAACCAGCTTACCGGGGAGCCCGAGCTCCACTACCTGAGGCTG
CCCAAGGACATCAGCGATGACCACGTGATCCTCATGGACTGCACCGTGTCCACGGGCGCG
GCGGCCATGATGGCAGTGCGCGTGCTCCTGGACCACGACGTGCCTGAGGACAAGATCTTT
TTGCTGTCGCTGCTCATGGCAGAGATGGGCGTGCACTCAGTGGCCTATGCATTTCCGCGA
GTGAGAATCATCACCACGGCGGTGGACAAGCGGGTCAATGACCTTTTCCGCATCATCCCA
GGCATTGGGAACTTTGGCGACCGCTACTTTGGGACAGACGCGGTCCCCGATGGCAGTGAC
GAGGAGGAAGTGGCCTACACGGGTTAG

1. Kashuba E, Kashuba V, Sandalova T, Klein G, Szekely L: Epstein-Barr virus encoded nuclear protein EBNA-3 binds a novel human uridine kinase/uracil phosphoribosyltransferase. BMC Cell Biol. 2002 Aug 29;3:23. Epub 2002 Aug 29. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Fortier JM, Kornbluth J: NK lytic-associated molecule, involved in NK cytotoxic function, is an E3 ligase. J Immunol. 2006 Jun 1;176(11):6454-63. [PubMed ]
6. Beausoleil SA, Villen J, Gerber SA, Rush J, Gygi SP: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Oct;24(10):1285-92. Epub 2006 Sep 10. [PubMed ]
7. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed ]
8. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]

1. E-NTPDase 8
2. NTPDase 8
3. NTPDase8

MGLSRKEQVFLALLGASGVSGLTALILLLVEATSVLLPTDIKFGIVFDAGSSHTSLFLYQ
WLANKENGTGVVSQALACQVEGPGISSYTSNAAQAGESLQGCLEEALVLIPEAQHRKTPT
FLGATAGMRLLSRKNSSQARDIFAAVTQVLGRSPVDFWGAELLAGQAEGAFGWITVNYGL
GTLVKYSFTGEWIQPPEEMLVGALDMGGASTQITFVPGGPILDKSTQADFRLYGSDYSVY
THSYLCFGRDQMLSRLLVGLVQSRPAALLRHPCYLSGYQTTLALGPLYESPCVHATPPLS
LPQNLTVEGTGNPGACVSAIRELFNFSSCQGQEDCAFDGVYQPPLRGQFYAFSNFYYTFH
FLNLTSRQPLSTVNATIWEFCQRPWKLVEASYPGQDRWLRDYCASGLYILTLLHEGYGFS
EETWPSLEFRKQAGGVDIGWTLGYMLNLTGMIPADAPAQWRAESYGVWVAKVVFMVLALV
AVVGAALVQLFWLQD

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• ATP + 2 H2O = AMP + 2 phosphate [RN:R00085]

• GDA1_CD39 (PF01150 )

• None

• 9-29 472-492

ATGGGGCTGTCCCGGAAGGAGCAGGTCTTCTTGGCCCTGCTGGGGGCCTCGGGGGTCTCA
GGCCTCACGGCACTCATTCTCCTCCTGGTGGAGGCCACCAGCGTGCTCCTGCCCACAGAC
ATCAAGTTTGGGATCGTGTTTGATGCGGGCTCCTCCCACACGTCCCTCTTCCTGTATCAG
TGGCTGGCGAACAAGGAGAATGGCACGGGTGTGGTCAGCCAGGCCCTGGCCTGCCAGGTG
GAAGGGCCTGGAATCTCCTCCTACACTTCTAATGCTGCACAGGCTGGTGAGAGCCTGCAG
GGCTGCTTGGAGGAGGCGCTGGTGCTGATCCCAGAGGCCCAGCATCGGAAAACACCCACG
TTCCTGGGGGCCACGGCTGGCATGAGGTTGCTCAGCCGGAAGAACAGCTCTCAGGCCAGG
GACATCTTTGCAGCAGTCACCCAGGTCCTGGGCCGGTCTCCCGTGGACTTTTGGGGTGCC
GAGCTCCTGGCCGGGCAGGCCGAAGGTGCCTTTGGTTGGATCACTGTCAACTACGGCTTG
GGGACGCTGGTCAAGTACTCCTTCACTGGAGAATGGATCCAGCCTCCGGAGGAGATGCTG
GTGGGTGCCCTGGACATGGGAGGGGCCTCCACCCAGATCACGTTCGTGCCTGGGGGCCCC
ATCTTGGACAAGAGCACCCAGGCCGATTTTCGCCTCTACGGCTCCGACTACAGCGTCTAC
ACTCACAGCTACCTGTGCTTTGGACGGGACCAGATGCTGAGCAGGCTCCTCGTGGGGCTG
GTACAGAGCCGCCCGGCTGCCCTGCTCCGTCACCCGTGCTACCTCAGCGGCTACCAGACC
ACACTGGCCCTGGGCCCGCTGTATGAGTCACCCTGTGTCCACGCCACGCCCCCGCTGAGC
CTCCCCCAGAACCTCACAGTTGAAGGGACAGGCAACCCTGGAGCCTGCGTCTCAGCCATC
CGGGAACTTTTCAACTTCTCCAGCTGCCAGGGCCAGGAGGACTGCGCCTTTGACGGGGTC
TACCAGCCCCCGCTGCGGGGCCAGTTCTATGCCTTCTCCAACTTCTACTACACCTTCCAC
TTCCTGAACCTCACCTCCAGGCAGCCCCTGAGCACGGTCAACGCCACCATCTGGGAGTTT
TGCCAGAGGCCCTGGAAACTGGTGGAGGCCAGCTACCCTGGGCAGGACCGCTGGCTGCGG
GACTACTGTGCCTCAGGCCTGTACATCCTCACCCTCCTGCACGAGGGCTACGGGTTCAGC
GAGGAGACCTGGCCCAGCCTCGAGTTCCGAAAGCAGGCGGGCGGTGTGGACATTGGCTGG
ACACTGGGCTACATGCTGAACCTGACCGGGATGATCCCGGCCGATGCGCCGGCTCAGTGG
CGGGCAGAGAGCTACGGCGTCTGGGTGGCCAAAGTGGTGTTCATGGTGCTGGCCCTGGTG
GCGGTGGTGGGGGCTGCCTTGGTCCAGCTCTTCTGGTTGCAGGACTAG

1. Knowles AF, Li C: Molecular cloning and characterization of expressed human ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8 (E-NTPDase 8) and its soluble extracellular domain. Biochemistry. 2006 Jun 13;45(23):7323-33. [PubMed ]
2. Fausther M, Lecka J, Kukulski F, Levesque SA, Pelletier J, Zimmermann H, Dranoff JA, Sevigny J: Cloning, purification, and identification of the liver canalicular ecto-ATPase as NTPDase8. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007 Mar;292(3):G785-95. Epub 2006 Nov 9. [PubMed ]
3. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed ]
4. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Levesque SA, Lavoie EG, Lecka J, Bigonnesse F, Sevigny J: Specificity of the ecto-ATPase inhibitor ARL 67156 on human and mouse ectonucleotidases. Br J Pharmacol. 2007 Sep;152(1):141-50. Epub 2007 Jul 2. [PubMed ]

MNHSERFVFIAEWYDPNASLLRRYELLFYPGDGSVEMHDVKNHRTFLKRTKYDNLHLEDL
FIGNKVNVFSRQLVLIDYGDQYTARQLGSRKEKTLALIKPDAISKAGEIIEIINKAGFTI
TKLKMMMLSRKEALDFHVDHQSRPFFNELIQFITTGPIIAMEILRDDAICEWKRLLGPAN
SGVARTDASESIRALFGTDGIRNAAHGPDSFASAAREMELFFPSSGGCGPANTAKFTNCT
CCIVKPHAVSEGLLGKILMAIRDAGFEISAMQMFNMDRVNVEEFYEVYKGVVTEYHDMVT
EMYSGPCVAMEIQQNNATKTFREFCGPADPEIARHLRPGTLRAIFGKTKIQNAVHCTDLP
EDGLLEVQYFFKILDN

• None

• None

ATGAATCATAGTGAAAGATTTGTTTTCATTGCAGAGTGGTATGATCCAAATGCTTCACTT
CTTCGACGTTATGAGCTTTTATTTTACCCAGGGGATGGATCTGTTGAAATGCATGATGTA
AAGAATCATCGCACCTTTTTAAAGCGGACCAAATATGATAACCTGCACTTGGAAGATTTA
TTTATAGGCAACAAAGTGAATGTCTTTTCTCGACAACTGGTATTAATTGACTATGGGGAT
CAATATACAGCTCGCCAGCTGGGCAGTAGGAAAGAAAAAACGCTAGCCCTAATTAAACCA
GATGCAATATCAAAGGCTGGAGAAATAATTGAAATAATAAACAAAGCTGGATTTACTATA
ACCAAACTCAAAATGATGATGCTTTCAAGGAAAGAAGCATTGGATTTTCATGTAGATCAC
CAGTCAAGACCCTTTTTCAATGAGCTGATCCAGTTTATTACAACTGGTCCTATTATTGCC
ATGGAGATTTTAAGAGATGATGCTATATGTGAATGGAAAAGACTGCTGGGACCTGCAAAC
TCTGGAGTGGCACGCACAGATGCTTCTGAAAGCATTAGAGCCCTCTTTGGAACAGATGGC
ATAAGAAATGCAGCGCATGGCCCTGATTCTTTTGCTTCTGCGGCCAGAGAAATGGAGTTG
TTTTTTCCTTCAAGTGGAGGTTGTGGGCCGGCAAACACTGCTAAATTTACTAATTGTACC
TGTTGCATTGTTAAACCCCATGCTGTCAGTGAAGGACTGTTGGGAAAGATCCTGATGGCT
ATCCGAGATGCAGGTTTTGAAATCTCAGCTATGCAGATGTTCAATATGGATCGGGTTAAT
GTTGAGGAATTCTATGAAGTTTATAAAGGAGTAGTGACCGAATATCATGACATGGTGACA
GAAATGTATTCTGGCCCTTGTGTAGCAATGGAGATTCAACAGAATAATGCTACAAAGACA
TTTCGAGAATTTTGTGGACCTGCTGATCCTGAAATTGCCCGGCATTTACGCCCTGGAACT
CTCAGAGCAATCTTTGGTAAAACTAAGATCCAGAATGCTGTTCACTGTACTGATCTGCCA
GAGGATGGCCTATTAGAGGTTCAATACTTCTTCAAGATCTTGGATAATTAG

MASAGGEDCESPAPEADRPHQRPFLIGVSGGTASGKSTVCEKIMELLGQNEVEQRQRKVV
ILSQDRFYKVLTAEQKAKALKGQYNFDHPDAFDNDLMHRTLKNIVEGKTVEVPTYDFVTH
SRLPETTVVYPADVVLFEGILVFYSQEIRDMFHLRLFVDTDSDVRLSRRDKEVCRCDHPA
RSGQYGCHQPDRAAHPGHSEW

• ATP + uridine = ADP + UMP [RN:R00964]

• PRK (PF00485 )

• None

• None

ATGGCTTCGGCGGGAGGCGAAGACTGCGAGAGCCCCGCGCCGGAGGCCGACCGTCCGCAC
CAGCGGCCCTTCCTGATAGGGGTGAGCGGCGGCACTGCCAGCGGGAAGTCGACCGTGTGT
GAGAAGATCATGGAGTTGCTGGGACAGAACGAGGTGGAACAGCGGCAGCGGAAGGTGGTC
ATCCTGAGCCAGGACAGGTTCTACAAGGTCCTGACGGCAGAGCAGAAGGCCAAGGCCTTG
AAAGGACAGTACAATTTTGACCATCCAGATGCCTTTGATAATGATTTGATGCACAGGACT
CTGAAGAACATCGTGGAGGGCAAAACGGTGGAGGTGCCGACCTATGATTTTGTGACACAC
TCAAGGTTACCAGAGACCACGGTGGTCTACCCTGCGGACGTGGTTCTGTTTGAGGGCATC
TTGGTGTTCTACAGCCAGGAGATCCGGGACATGTTCCACCTGCGCCTCTTCGTGGACACC
GACTCCGACGTCAGGCTGTCTCGAAGAGACAAAGAAGTATGCCGATGTGATCATCCCGCG
AGGAGTGGACAATATGGTTGCCATCAACCTGATCGTGCAGCACATCCAGGACATTCTGAA
TGGTGA

MIAAQLLAYYFTELKDDQVKKIDKYLYAMRLSDETLIDIMTRFRKEMKNGLSRDFNPTAT
VKMLPTFVRSIPDGSEKGDFIALDLGGSSFRILRVQVNHEKNQNVHMESEVYDTPENIVH
GSGSQLFDHVAECLGDFMEKRKIKDKKLPVGFTFSFPCQQSKIDEAILITWTKRFKASGV
EGADVVKLLNKAIKKRGDYDANIVAVVNDTVGTMMTCGYDDQHCEVGLIIGTGTNACYME
ELRHIDLVEGDEGRMCINTEWGAFGDDGSLEDIRTEFDREIDRGSLNPGKQLFEKMVSGM
YLGELVRLILVKMAKEGLLFEGRITPELLTRGKFNTSDVSAIEKNKEGLHNAKEILTRLG
VEPSDDDCVSVQHVCTIVSFRSANLVAATLGAILNRLRDNKGTPRLRTTVGVDGSLYKTH
PQYSRRFHKTLRRLVPDSDVRFLLSESGSGKGAAMVTAVAYRLAEQHRQIEETLAHFHLT
KDMLLEVKKRMRAEMELGLRKQTHNNAVVKMLPSFVRRTPDGTENGDFLALDLGGTNFRV
LLVKIRSGKKRTVEMHNKIYAIPIEIMQGTGEELFDHIVSCISDFLDYMGIKGPRMPLGF
TFSFPCQQTSLDAGILITWTKGFKATDCVGHDVVTLLRDAIKRREEFDLDVVAVVNDTVG
TMMTCAYEEPTCEVGLIVGTGSNACYMEEMKNVEMVEGDQGQMCINMEWGAFGDNGCLDD
IRTHYDRLVDEYSLNAGKQGYEKMISGMYLGEIVRNILIDFTKKGFLFRGQISETLKTRG
IFETKFLSQIESDRLALLQVRAILQQLGLNSTCDDSILVKTVCGVVSRRAAQLCGAGMAA
VVDKIRENRGLDRLNVTVGVDGTLYKLHPHFSRIMHQTVKELSPKCNVSFLLSEDGSGKG
AALITAVGVRLRTEASS

• Hexokinase_1 (PF00349 )
• Hexokinase_2 (PF03727 )

• None

• None

ATGATCGCCGCGCAGCTCCTGGCCTATTACTTCACGGAGCTGAAGGATGACCAGGTCAAA
AAGATTGACAAGTATCTGTATGCCATGCGGCTCTCCGATGAAACTCTCATAGATATCATG
ACTCGCTTCAGGAAGGAGATGAAGAATGGCCTCTCCCGGGATTTTAATCCAACAGCCACA
GTCAAGATGTTGCCAACATTCGTAAGGTCCATTCCTGATGGCTCTGAAAAGGGAGATTTC
ATTGCCCTGGATCTTGGTGGGTCTTCCTTTCGAATTCTGCGGGTGCAAGTGAATCATGAG
AAAAACCAGAATGTTCACATGGAGTCCGAGGTTTATGACACCCCAGAGAACATCGTGCAC
GGCAGTGGAAGCCAGCTTTTTGATCATGTTGCTGAGTGCCTGGGAGATTTCATGGAGAAA
AGGAAGATCAAGGACAAGAAGTTACCTGTGGGATTCACGTTTTCTTTTCCTTGCCAACAA
TCCAAAATAGATGAGGCCATCCTGATCACCTGGACAAAGCGATTTAAAGCGAGCGGAGTG
GAAGGAGCAGATGTGGTCAAACTGCTTAACAAAGCCATCAAAAAGCGAGGGGACTATGAT
GCCAACATCGTAGCTGTGGTGAATGACACAGTGGGCACCATGATGACCTGTGGCTATGAC
GACCAGCACTGTGAAGTCGGCCTGATCATCGGCACTGGCACCAATGCTTGCTACATGGAG
GAACTGAGGCACATTGATCTGGTGGAAGGAGACGAGGGGAGGATGTGTATCAATACAGAA
TGGGGAGCCTTTGGAGACGATGGATCATTAGAAGACATCCGGACAGAGTTTGACAGGGAG
ATAGACCGGGGATCCCTCAACCCTGGAAAACAGCTGTTTGAGAAGATGGTCAGTGGCATG
TACTTGGGAGAGCTGGTTCGACTGATCCTAGTCAAGATGGCCAAGGAGGGCCTCTTATTT
GAAGGGCGGATCACCCCGGAGCTGCTCACCCGAGGGAAGTTTAACACCAGTGATGTGTCA
GCCATCGAAAAGAATAAGGAAGGCCTCCACAATGCCAAAGAAATCCTGACCCGCCTGGGA
GTGGAGCCGTCCGATGATGACTGTGTCTCAGTCCAGCACGTTTGCACCATTGTCTCATTT
CGCTCAGCCAACTTGGTGGCTGCCACACTGGGCGCCATCTTGAACCGCCTGCGTGATAAC
AAGGGCACACCCAGGCTGCGGACCACGGTTGGTGTCGACGGATCTCTTTACAAGACGCAC
CCACAGTATTCCCGGCGTTTCCACAAGACTCTAAGGCGCTTGGTGCCAGACTCCGATGTG
CGCTTCCTCCTCTCGGAGAGTGGCAGCGGCAAGGGGGCTGCCATGGTGACGGCGGTGGCC
TACCGCTTGGCCGAGCAGCACCGGCAGATAGAGGAGACCCTGGCTCATTTCCACCTCACC
AAAGACATGCTGCTGGAGGTGAAGAAGAGGATGCGGGCCGAGATGGAGCTGGGGCTGAGG
AAGCAGACGCACAACAATGCCGTGGTTAAGATGCTGCCCTCCTTCGTCCGGAGAACTCCC
GACGGGACCGAGAATGGTGACTTCTTGGCCCTGGATCTTGGAGGAACCAATTTCCGTGTG
CTGCTGGTGAAAATCCGTAGTGGGAAAAAGAGAACGGTGGAAATGCACAACAAGATCTAC
GCCATTCCTATTGAAATCATGCAGGGCACTGGGGAAGAGCTGTTTGATCACATTGTCTCC
TGCATCTCTGACTTCTTGGACTACATGGGGATCAAAGGCCCCAGGATGCCTCTGGGCTTC
ACGTTCTCATTTCCCTGCCAGCAGACGAGTCTGGACGCGGGAATCTTGATCACGTGGACA
AAGGGTTTTAAGGCAACAGACTGCGTGGGCCACGATGTAGTCACCTTACTAAGGGATGCG
ATAAAAAGGAGAGAGGAATTTGACCTGGACGTGGTGGCTGTGGTCAACGACACAGTGGGC
ACCATGATGACCTGTGCTTATGAGGAGCCCACCTGTGAGGTTGGACTCATTGTTGGGACC
GGCAGCAATGCCTGCTACATGGAGGAGATGAAGAACGTGGAGATGGTGGAGGGGGACCAG
GGGCAGATGTGCATCAACATGGAGTGGGGGGCCTTTGGGGACAACGGGTGTCTGGATGAT
ATCAGGACACACTACGACAGACTGGTGGACGAATATTCCCTAAATGCTGGGAAACAAGGG
TATGAGAAGATGATCAGTGGTATGTACCTGGGTGAAATCGTCCGCAACATCTTAATCGAC
TTCACCAAGAAGGGATTCCTCTTCCGAGGGCAGATCTCTGAGACGCTGAAGACCCGGGGC
ATCTTTGAGACCAAGTTTCTCTCTCAGATCGAGAGTGACCGATTAGCACTGCTCCAGGTC
CGGGCTATCCTCCAGCAGCTAGGTCTGAATAGCACCTGCGATGACAGTATCCTCGTCAAG
ACAGTGTGCGGGGTGGTGTCCAGGAGGGCCGCACAGCTGTGTGGCGCAGGCATGGCTGCG
GTTGTGGATAAGATCCGCGAGAACAGAGGACTGGACCGTCTGAATGTGACTGTGGGAGTG
GACGGGACACTCTACAAGCTTCATCCACACTTCTCCAGAATCATGCACCAGACGGTGAAG
GAACTGTCACCAAAATGTAACGTGTCCTTCCTCCTGTCTGAGGATGGCAGCGGCAAGGGG
GCCGCCCTCATCACGGCCGTGGGCGTGCGGTTACGCACAGAGGCAAGCAGCTAA

MFTVLTRQPCEQAGLKALYRTPTIIALVVLLVSIVVLVSITVIQIHKQEVLPPGLKYGIV
LDAGSSRTTVYVYQWPAEKENNTGVVSQTFKCSVKGSGISSYGNNPQDVPRAFEECMQKV
KGQVPSHLHGSTPIHLGATAGMRLLRLQNETAANEVLESIQSYFKSQPFDFRGAQIISGQ
EEGVYGWITANYLMGNFLEKNLWHMWVHPHGVETTGALDLGGASTQISFVAGEKMDLNTS
DIMQVSLYGYVYTLYTHSFQCYGRNEAEKKFLAMLLQNSPTKNHLTNPCYPRDYSISFTM
GHVFDSLCTVDQRPESYNPNDVITFEGTGDPSLCKEKVASIFDFKACHDQETCSFDGVYQ
PKIKGPFVAFAGFYYTASALNLSGSFSLDTFNSSTWNFCSQNWSQLPLLLPKFDEVYARS
YCFSANYIYHLFVNGYKFTEETWPQIHFEKEVGNSSIAWSLGYMLSLTNQIPAESPLIRL
PIEPPVFVGTLAFFTAAALLCLAFLAYLCSATRRKRHSEHAFDHAVDSD

• GDA1_CD39 (PF01150 )

• None

• None

MSKPHSEAGTAFIQTQQLHAAMADTFLEHMCRLDIDSPPITARNTGIICTIGPASRSVET
LKEMIKSGMNVARLNFSHGTHEYHAETIKNVRTATESFASDPILYRPVAVALDTKGPEIR
TGLIKGSGTAEVELKKGATLKITLDNAYMEKCDENILWLDYKNICKVVEVGSKIYVDDGL
ISLQVKQKGADFLVTEVENGGSLGSKKGVNLPGAAVDLPAVSEKDIQDLKFGVEQDVDMV
FASFIRKASDVHEVRKVLGEKGKNIKIISKIENHEGVRRFDEILEASDGIMVARGDLGIE
IPAEKVFLAQKMMIGRCNRAGKPVICATQMLESMIKKPRPTRAEGSDVANAVLDGADCIM
LSGETAKGDYPLEAVRMQHLIAREAEAAIYHLQLFEELRRLAPITSDPTEATAVGAVEAS
FKCCSGAIIVLTKSGRSAHQVARYRPRAPIIAVTRNPQTARQAHLYRGIFPVLCKDPVQE
AWAEDVDLRVNFAMNVGKARGFFKKGDVVIVLTGWRPGSGFTNTMRVVPVP

• PK (PF00224 )
• PK_C (PF02887 )

• None

• None