1. 2,4-Dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine
2. 4-Hydroxy-5-methylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one
3. 5-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2,4-dione
4. 5-Methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione
5. 5-Methyl-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine
6. 5-Methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione
7. 5-Methyluracil
8. Thymine

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• Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)
• Extracellular

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Urine

• 613161 (Beta-ureidopropionase deficiency)
• 274270 (Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency)

1. Goukassian D, Gad F, Yaar M, Eller MS, Nehal US, Gilchrest BA: Mechanisms and implications of the age-associated decrease in DNA repair capacity. FASEB J. 2000 Jul;14(10):1325-34. [PubMed ]
2. Wassberg C, Backvall H, Diffey B, Ponten F, Berne B: Enhanced epidermal ultraviolet responses in chronically sun-exposed skin are dependent on previous sun exposure. Acta Derm Venereol. 2003;83(4):254-61. [PubMed ]
3. Schilsky RL, O'Laughlin K, Ratain MJ: Phase I clinical and pharmacological study of thymidine (NSC 21548) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Res. 1986 Aug;46(8):4184-8. [PubMed ]
4. Maskell R, Okubadejo OA, Payne RH, Pead L: Human infections with thymine-requiring bacteria. J Med Microbiol. 1978 Feb;11(1):33-45. [PubMed ]
5. Hofmann U, Schwab M, Seefried S, Marx C, Zanger UM, Eichelbaum M, Murdter TE: Sensitive method for the quantification of urinary pyrimidine metabolites in healthy adults by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Jul 5;791(1-2):371-80. [PubMed ]
6. Ling G, Chadwick CA, Berne B, Potten CS, Ponten J, Ponten F: Epidermal p53 response and repair of thymine dimers in human skin after a single dose of ultraviolet radiation: effects of photoprotection. Acta Derm Venereol. 2001 May;81(2):81-6. [PubMed ]
7. Young AR, Sheehan JM, Chadwick CA, Potten CS: Protection by ultraviolet A and B sunscreens against in situ dipyrimidine photolesions in human epidermis is comparable to protection against sunburn. J Invest Dermatol. 2000 Jul;115(1):37-41. [PubMed ]
8. Maskell R, Okubadejo OA, Payne RH: Thymine-requiring bacteria associated with co-trimoxazole therapy. Lancet. 1976 Apr 17;1(7964):834-5. [PubMed ]
9. Courdavault S, Baudouin C, Sauvaigo S, Mouret S, Candeias S, Charveron M, Favier A, Cadet J, Douki T: Unrepaired cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers do not prevent proliferation of UV-B-irradiated cultured human fibroblasts. Photochem Photobiol. 2004 Feb;79(2):145-51. [PubMed ]
10. Alsarra IA, Alarifi MN: Validated liquid chromatographic determination of 5-fluorouracil in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2004 May 25;804(2):435-9. [PubMed ]
11. van Lenthe H, van Kuilenburg AB, Ito T, Bootsma AH, van Cruchten A, Wada Y, van Gennip AH: Defects in pyrimidine degradation identified by HPLC-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry of urine specimens or urine-soaked filter paper strips. Clin Chem. 2000 Dec;46(12):1916-22. [PubMed ]
12. Castro-Gago M, Camina F, Lojo S, Rodriguez-Segade S, Rodriguez-Nunez A: Concentrations of purine nucleotides and purine and pyrimidine bases in cerebrospinal fluid of neurologically healthy children. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1992 Nov;30(11):761-5. [PubMed ]
13. Placzek M, Gaube S, Kerkmann U, Gilbertz KP, Herzinger T, Haen E, Przybilla B: Ultraviolet B-induced DNA damage in human epidermis is modified by the antioxidants ascorbic acid and D-alpha-tocopherol. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Feb;124(2):304-7. [PubMed ]
14. Eells JT, Spector R: Purine and pyrimidine base and nucleoside concentrations in human cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. Neurochem Res. 1983 Nov;8(11):1451-7. [PubMed ]
15. Thienpont LM, Van Landuyt KG, Stockl D, Saeyens W, De Keukeleire D, De Leenheer AP: Evaluation of 2-iminoimidazolidin-4-one and thymine as respective internal standards for normal-phase and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of creatinine in human serum. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1995 Mar 10;665(1):63-9. [PubMed ]
16. Allgayer H, Kolb M, Stuber V, Kruis W: Effects of bile acids on base hydroxylation in a model of human colonic mucosal DNA. Cancer Detect Prev. 2002;26(1):85-9. [PubMed ]
17. Rodriguez Ortner E, Hayes RB, Weissfeld J, Gelmann EP: Effect of homeodomain protein NKX3.1 R52C polymorphism on prostate gland size. Urology. 2006 Feb;67(2):311-5. Epub 2006 Jan 25. [PubMed ]
18. Antille C, Tran C, Sorg O, Carraux P, Didierjean L, Saurat JH: Vitamin A exerts a photoprotective action in skin by absorbing ultraviolet B radiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2003 Nov;121(5):1163-7. [PubMed ]
19. Wikipedia

1. Thymidine phosphorylase
2. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [NADP+]
3. cDNA, FLJ95575, highly similar to Homo sapiens endothelial cell growth factor 1 (platelet-derived) (ECGF1), mRNA

1. TP
2. Gliostatin
3. Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor
4. PD-ECGF
5. TdRPase

MAALMTPGTGAPPAPGDFSGEGSQGLPDPSPEPKQLPELIRMKRDGGRLSEADIRGFVAA
VVNGSAQGAQIGAMLMAIRLRGMDLEETSVLTQALAQSGQQLEWPEAWRQQLVDKHSTGG
VGDKVSLVLAPALAACGCKVPMISGRGLGHTGGTLDKLESIPGFNVIQSPEQMQVLLDQA
GCCIVGQSEQLVPADGILYAARDVTATVDSLPLITASILSKKLVEGLSALVVDVKFGGAA
VFPNQEQARELAKTLVGVGASLGLRVAAALTAMDKPLGRCVGHALEVEEALLCMDGAGPP
DLRDLVTTLGGALLWLSGHAGTQAQGAARVAAALDDGSALGRFERMLAAQGVDPGLARAL
CSGSPAERRQLLPRAREQEELLAPADGTVELVRALPLALVLHELGAGRSRAGEPLRLGVG
AELLVDVGQRLRRGTPWLRVHRDGPALSGPQSRALQEALVLSDRAPFAAPSPFAELVLPP
QQ

• Purine Metabolism (map00230 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• thymidine + phosphate = thymine + 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate [RN:R01570]

• Glycos_trans_3N (PF02885 )
• Glycos_transf_3 (PF00591 )
• PYNP_C (PF07831 )

• None

• None

ATGGCAGCCTTGATGACCCCGGGAACCGGGGCCCCACCCGCGCCTGGTGACTTCTCCGGG
GAAGGGAGCCAGGGACTTCCCGACCCTTCGCCAGAGCCCAAGCAGCTCCCGGAGCTGATC
CGCATGAAGCGAGACGGAGGCCGCCTGAGCGAAGCGGACATCAGGGGCTTCGTGGCCGCT
GTGGTGAATGGGAGCGCGCAGGGCGCACAGATCGGGGCCATGCTGATGGCCATCCGACTT
CGGGGCATGGATCTGGAGGAGACCTCGGTGCTGACCCAGGCCCTGGCTCAGTCGGGACAG
CAGCTGGAGTGGCCAGAGGCCTGGCGCCAGCAGCTTGTGGACAAGCATTCCACAGGGGGT
GTGGGTGACAAGGTCAGCCTGGTCCTCGCACCTGCCCTGGCGGCATGTGGCTGCAAGGTG
CCAATGATCAGCGGACGTGGTCTGGGGCACACAGGAGGCACCTTGGATAAGCTGGAGTCT
ATTCCTGGATTCAATGTCATCCAGAGCCCAGAGCAGATGCAAGTGCTGCTGGACCAGGCG
GGCTGCTGTATCGTGGGTCAGAGTGAGCAGCTGGTTCCTGCGGACGGAATCCTATATGCA
GCCAGAGATGTGACAGCCACCGTGGACAGCCTGCCACTCATCACAGCCTCCATTCTCAGT
AAGAAACTCGTGGAGGGGCTGTCCGCTCTGGTGGTGGACGTTAAGTTCGGAGGGGCCGCC
GTCTTCCCCAACCAGGAGCAGGCCCGGGAGCTGGCAAAGACGCTGGTTGGCGTGGGAGCC
AGCCTAGGGCTTCGGGTCGCGGCAGCGCTGACCGCCATGGACAAGCCCCTGGGTCGCTGC
GTGGGCCACGCCCTGGAGGTGGAGGAGGCGCTGCTCTGCATGGACGGCGCAGGCCCGCCA
GACTTAAGGGACCTGGTCACCACGCTCGGGGGCGCCCTGCTCTGGCTCAGCGGACACGCG
GGGACTCAGGCTCAGGGCGCTGCCCGGGTGGCCGCGGCGCTGGACGACGGCTCGGCCCTT
GGCCGCTTCGAGCGGATGCTGGCGGCGCAGGGCGTGGATCCCGGTCTGGCCCGAGCCCTG
TGCTCGGGAAGTCCCGCAGAACGCCGGCAGCTGCTGCCTCGCGCCCGGGAGCAGGAGGAG
CTGCTGGCGCCCGCAGATGGCACCGTGGAGCTGGTCCGGGCGCTGCCGCTGGCGCTGGTG
CTGCACGAGCTCGGGGCCGGGCGCAGCCGCGCTGGGGAGCCGCTCCGCCTGGGGGTGGGC
GCAGAGCTGCTGGTCGACGTGGGTCAGAGGCTGCGCCGTGGGACCCCCTGGCTCCGCGTG
CACCGGGACGGCCCCGCGCTCAGCGGCCCGCAGAGCCGCGCCCTGCAGGAGGCGCTCGTA
CTCTCCGACCGCGCGCCATTCGCCGCCCCCTCGCCCTTCGCAGAGCTCGTTCTGCCGCCG
CAGCAATAA

1. Ishikawa F, Miyazono K, Hellman U, Drexler H, Wernstedt C, Hagiwara K, Usuki K, Takaku F, Risau W, Heldin CH: Identification of angiogenic activity and the cloning and expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor. Nature. 1989 Apr 13;338(6216):557-62. [PubMed ]
2. Finnis C, Goodey A, Courtney M, Sleep D: Expression of recombinant platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast. 1992 Jan;8(1):57-60. [PubMed ]
3. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Furukawa T, Yoshimura A, Sumizawa T, Haraguchi M, Akiyama S, Fukui K, Ishizawa M, Yamada Y: Angiogenic factor. Nature. 1992 Apr 23;356(6371):668. [PubMed ]
6. Asai K, Nakanishi K, Isobe I, Eksioglu YZ, Hirano A, Hama K, Miyamoto T, Kato T: Neurotrophic action of gliostatin on cortical neurons. Identity of gliostatin and platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor. J Biol Chem. 1992 Oct 5;267(28):20311-6. [PubMed ]
7. Usuki K, Saras J, Waltenberger J, Miyazono K, Pierce G, Thomason A, Heldin CH: Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor has thymidine phosphorylase activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 May 15;184(3):1311-6. [PubMed ]
8. Nishino I, Spinazzola A, Hirano M: Thymidine phosphorylase gene mutations in MNGIE, a human mitochondrial disorder. Science. 1999 Jan 29;283(5402):689-92. [PubMed ]
9. Gamez J, Ferreiro C, Accarino ML, Guarner L, Tadesse S, Marti RA, Andreu AL, Raguer N, Cervera C, Hirano M: Phenotypic variability in a Spanish family with MNGIE. Neurology. 2002 Aug 13;59(3):455-7. [PubMed ]

1. DHPDHase
2. DPD
3. Dihydrothymine dehydrogenase
4. Dihydrouracil dehydrogenase

MAPVLSKDSADIESILALNPRTQTHATLCSTSAKKLDKKHWKRNPDKNCFNCEKLENNFD
DIKHTTLGERGALREAMRCLKCADAPCQKSCPTNLDIKSFITSIANKNYYGAAKMIFSDN
PLGLTCGMVCPTSDLCVGGCNLYATEEGPINIGGLQQFATEVFKAMSIPQIRNPSLPPPE
KMSEAYSAKIALFGAGPASISCASFLARLGYSDITIFEKQEYVGGLSTSEIPQFRLPYDV
VNFEIELMKDLGVKIICGKSLSVNEMTLSTLKEKGYKAAFIGIGLPEPNKDAIFQGLTQD
QGFYTSKDFLPLVAKGSKAGMCACHSPLPSIRGVVIVLGAGDTAFDCATSALRCGARRVF
IVFRKGFVNIRAVPEEMELAKEEKCEFLPFLSPRKVIVKGGRIVAMQFVRTEQDETGKWN
EDEDQMVHLKADVVISAFGSVLSDPKVKEALSPIKFNRWGLPEVDPETMQTSEAWVFAGG
DVVGLANTTVESVNDGKQASWYIHKYVQSQYGASVSAKPELPLFYTPIDLVDISVEMAGL
KFINPFGLASATPATSTSMIRRAFEAGWGFALTKTFSLDKDIVTNVSPRIIRGTTSGPMY
GPGQSSFLNIELISEKTAAYWCQSVTELKADFPDNIVIASIMCSYNKNDWTELAKKSEDS
GADALELNLSCPHGMGERGMGLACGQDPELVRNICRWVRQAVQIPFFAKLTPNVTDIVSI
ARAAKEGGANGVTATNTVSGLMGLKSDGTPWPAVGIAKRTTYGGVSGTAIRPIALRAVTS
IARALPGFPILATGGIDSAESGLQFLHSGASVLQVCSAIQNQDFTVIEDYCTGLKALLYL
KSIEELQDWDGQSPATVSHQKGKPVPRIAELMDKKLPSFGPYLEQRKKIIAENKIRLKEQ
NVAFSPLKRNCFIPKRPIPTIKDVIGKALQYLGTFGELSNVEQVVAMIDEEMCINCGKCY
MTCNDSGYQAIQFDPETHLPTITDTCTGCTLCLSVCPIVDCIKMVSRTTPYEPKRGVPLS
VNPVC

• Beta Alanine Metabolism (map00410 )
• Pantothenate and CoA Biosynthesis (map00770 )
• Pyrimidine Metabolism (map00240 )

• 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+ [RN:R00978]

• DHO_dh (PF01180 )
• Pyr_redox_2 (PF07992 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCCCTGTGCTCAGTAAGGACTCGGCGGACATCGAGAGTATCCTGGCTTTAAATCCT
CGAACACAAACTCATGCAACTCTGTGTTCCACTTCGGCCAAGAAATTAGACAAGAAACAT
TGGAAAAGAAATCCTGATAAGAACTGCTTTAATTGTGAGAAGCTGGAGAATAATTTTGAT
GACATCAAGCACACGACTCTTGGTGAGCGAGGAGCTCTCCGAGAAGCAATGAGATGCCTG
AAATGTGCAGATGCCCCGTGTCAGAAGAGCTGTCCAACTAATCTTGATATTAAATCATTC
ATCACAAGTATTGCAAACAAGAACTATTATGGAGCTGCTAAGATGATATTTTCTGACAAC
CCACTTGGTCTGACTTGTGGAATGGTATGTCCAACCTCTGATCTTTGTGTAGGTGGATGC
AATTTATATGCCACTGAAGAGGGACCCATTAATATTGGTGGATTGCAGCAATTTGCTACT
GAGGTATTCAAAGCAATGAGTATCCCACAGATCAGAAATCCTTCGCTGCCTCCCCCAGAA
AAAATGTCTGAAGCCTATTCTGCAAAGATTGCTCTTTTTGGTGCTGGGCCTGCAAGTATA
AGTTGTGCTTCCTTTTTGGCTCGATTGGGGTACTCTGACATCACTATATTTGAAAAACAA
GAATATGTTGGTGGTTTAAGTACTTCTGAAATTCCTCAGTTCCGGCTGCCGTATGATGTA
GTGAATTTTGAGATTGAGCTAATGAAGGACCTTGGTGTAAAGATAATTTGCGGTAAAAGC
CTTTCAGTGAATGAAATGACTCTTAGCACTTTGAAAGAAAAAGGCTACAAAGCTGCTTTC
ATTGGAATAGGTTTGCCAGAACCCAATAAAGATGCCATCTTCCAAGGCCTGACGCAGGAC
CAGGGGTTTTATACATCCAAAGACTTTTTGCCACTTGTAGCCAAAGGCAGTAAAGCAGGA
ATGTGCGCCTGTCACTCTCCATTGCCATCGATACGGGGAGTCGTGATCGTACTTGGAGCT
GGAGACACTGCCTTTGACTGTGCAACATCTGCTCTACGTTGTGGAGCTCGCCGTGTGTTC
ATCGTCTTCAGAAAAGGCTTTGTTAATATAAGAGCTGTCCCTGAGGAGATGGAACTTGCT
AAGGAAGAAAAGTGTGAATTTCTGCCATTCCTGTCCCCACGGAAGGTTATAGTAAAAGGT
GGGAGAATTGTTGCTATGCAGTTTGTTCGGACAGAGCAAGATGAAACTGGAAAATGGAAT
GAAGATGAAGATCAGATGGTCCATCTGAAAGCCGATGTGGTCATCAGTGCCTTTGGTTCA
GTTCTGAGTGATCCTAAAGTAAAAGAAGCCTTGAGCCCTATAAAATTTAACAGATGGGGT
CTCCCAGAAGTAGATCCAGAAACTATGCAAACTAGTGAAGCATGGGTATTTGCAGGTGGT
GATGTCGTTGGTTTGGCTAACACTACAGTGGAATCGGTGAATGATGGAAAGCAAGCTTCT
TGGTACATTCACAAATACGTACAGTCACAATATGGAGCTTCCGTTTCTGCCAAGCCTGAA
CTACCCCTCTTTTACACTCCTATTGATCTGGTGGACATTAGTGTAGAAATGGCCGGATTG
AAGTTTATAAATCCTTTTGGTCTTGCTAGCGCAACTCCAGCCACCAGCACATCAATGATT
CGAAGAGCTTTTGAAGCTGGATGGGGTTTTGCCCTCACCAAAACTTTCTCTCTTGATAAG
GACATTGTGACAAATGTTTCCCCCAGAATCATCCGGGGAACCACCTCTGGCCCCATGTAT
GGCCCTGGACAAAGCTCCTTTCTGAATATTGAGCTCATCAGTGAGAAAACGGCTGCATAT
TGGTGTCAAAGTGTCACTGAACTAAAGGCTGACTTTCCAGACAACATTGTGATTGCTAGC
ATTATGTGCAGTTACAATAAAAATGACTGGACGGAACTTGCCAAGAAGTCTGAGGATTCT
GGAGCAGATGCCCTGGAGTTAAATTTATCATGTCCACATGGCATGGGAGAAAGAGGAATG
GGCCTGGCCTGTGGGCAGGATCCAGAGCTGGTGCGGAACATCTGCCGCTGGGTTAGGCAA
GCTGTTCAGATTCCTTTTTTTGCCAAGCTGACCCCAAATGTCACTGATATTGTGAGCATC
GCAAGAGCTGCAAAGGAAGGTGGTGCCAATGGCGTTACAGCCACCAACACTGTCTCAGGT
CTGATGGGATTAAAATCTGATGGCACACCTTGGCCAGCAGTGGGGATTGCAAAGCGAACT
ACATATGGAGGAGTGTCTGGGACAGCAATCAGACCTATTGCTTTGAGAGCTGTGACCTCC
ATTGCTCGTGCTCTGCCTGGATTTCCCATTTTGGCTACTGGTGGAATTGACTCTGCTGAA
AGTGGTCTTCAGTTTCTCCATAGTGGTGCTTCCGTCCTCCAGGTATGCAGTGCCATTCAG
AATCAGGATTTCACTGTGATCGAAGACTACTGCACTGGCCTCAAAGCCCTGCTTTATCTG
AAAAGCATTGAAGAACTACAAGACTGGGATGGACAGAGTCCAGCTACTGTGAGTCACCAG
AAAGGGAAACCAGTTCCACGTATAGCTGAACTCATGGACAAGAAACTGCCAAGTTTTGGA
CCTTATCTGGAACAGCGCAAGAAAATCATAGCAGAAAACAAGATTAGACTGAAAGAACAA
AATGTAGCTTTTTCACCACTTAAGAGAAACTGTTTTATCCCCAAAAGGCCTATTCCTACC
ATCAAGGATGTAATAGGAAAAGCACTGCAGTACCTTGGAACATTTGGTGAATTGAGCAAC
GTAGAGCAAGTTGTGGCTATGATTGATGAAGAAATGTGTATCAACTGTGGTAAATGCTAC
ATGACCTGTAATGATTCTGGCTACCAGGCTATACAGTTTGATCCAGAAACCCACCTGCCC
ACCATAACCGACACTTGTACAGGCTGTACTCTGTGTCTCAGTGTTTGCCCTATTGTCGAC
TGCATCAAAATGGTTTCCAGGACAACACCTTATGAACCAAAGAGAGGCGTACCCTTATCT
GTGAATCCGGTGTGTTAA

1. Yokota H, Fernandez-Salguero P, Furuya H, Lin K, McBride OW, Podschun B, Schnackerz KD, Gonzalez FJ: cDNA cloning and chromosome mapping of human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, an enzyme associated with 5-fluorouracil toxicity and congenital thymine uraciluria. J Biol Chem. 1994 Sep 16;269(37):23192-6. [PubMed ]
2. Johnson MR, Wang K, Tillmanns S, Albin N, Diasio RB: Structural organization of the human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene. Cancer Res. 1997 May 1;57(9):1660-3. [PubMed ]
3. Ogura K, Nishiyama T, Takubo H, Kato A, Okuda H, Arakawa K, Fukushima M, Nagayama S, Kawaguchi Y, Watabe T: Suicidal inactivation of human dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase by (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil derived from the antiviral, sorivudine. Cancer Lett. 1998 Jan 9;122(1-2):107-13. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
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MAALMTPGTGAPPAPGDFSGEGSQGLPDPSPEPKQLPELIRMKRDGGRLSEADIRGFVAA
VVNGSAQGAQIGAMLMAIRLRGMDLEETSVLTQALAQSGQQLEWPEAWRQQLVDKHSTGG
VGDKVSLVLAPALAACGCKVPVISGRGLGHTGGTLDKLESIPGFNVIQSPEQMQVLLDQA
GCCIVGQSEQLVPADGILYAARDVTATVDSLPLITASILSKKLVEGLSALVVDVKFGGAA
VFPNQEQARELAKTLVGVGASLGLRVAAALTAMDKPLGRCVGHALEVEEALLCMDGAGPP
DLRDLVTTLGGALLWLSGHAGTQAQGAARVAAALDDGSALGRFERMLAAQGVDPGLARAL
CSGSPAERRQLLPRAREQEELLAPADGTVELVRALPLALVLHELGAGRSRAGEPLRLGVG
AELLVDVGQRLRRGTPWLRVHRDGPALSGPQSRALQEALVLSDRAPFAAPSPFAELVLPP
QQ

• Glycos_trans_3N (PF02885 )
• Glycos_transf_3 (PF00591 )
• PYNP_C (PF07831 )

• None

• None

ATGGCAGCCTTGATGACCCCGGGAACCGGGGCCCCACCCGCGCCTGGTGACTTCTCCGGG
GAAGGGAGCCAGGGACTTCCCGACCCTTCGCCAGAGCCCAAGCAGCTCCCGGAGCTGATC
CGCATGAAGCGAGACGGAGGCCGCCTGAGCGAAGCGGACATCAGGGGCTTCGTGGCCGCT
GTGGTGAATGGGAGCGCGCAGGGCGCACAGATCGGGGCCATGCTGATGGCCATCCGACTT
CGGGGCATGGATCTGGAGGAGACCTCGGTGCTGACCCAGGCCCTGGCTCAGTCGGGACAG
CAGCTGGAGTGGCCAGAGGCCTGGCGCCAGCAGCTTGTGGACAAGCATTCCACAGGGGGT
GTGGGTGACAAGGTCAGCCTGGTCCTCGCACCTGCCCTGGCGGCATGTGGCTGCAAGGTG
CCAGTGATCAGCGGACGTGGTCTGGGGCACACAGGAGGCACCTTGGATAAGCTGGAGTCT
ATTCCTGGATTCAATGTCATCCAGAGCCCAGAGCAGATGCAAGTGCTGCTGGACCAGGCG
GGCTGCTGTATCGTGGGTCAGAGTGAGCAGCTGGTTCCTGCGGACGGAATCCTATATGCA
GCCAGAGATGTGACAGCCACCGTGGACAGCCTGCCACTCATCACAGCCTCCATTCTCAGT
AAGAAACTCGTGGAGGGGCTGTCCGCTCTGGTGGTGGACGTTAAGTTCGGAGGGGCCGCC
GTCTTCCCCAACCAGGAGCAGGCCCGGGAGCTGGCAAAGACGCTGGTTGGCGTGGGAGCC
AGCCTAGGGCTTCGGGTCGCGGCAGCGCTGACCGCCATGGACAAGCCCCTGGGTCGCTGC
GTGGGCCACGCCCTGGAGGTGGAGGAGGCGCTGCTCTGCATGGACGGCGCAGGCCCGCCA
GACTTAAGGGACCTGGTCACCACGCTCGGGGGCGCCCTGCTCTGGCTCAGCGGACACGCG
GGGACTCAGGCTCAGGGCGCTGCCCGGGTGGCCGCGGCGCTGGACGACGGCTCGGCCCTT
GGCCGCTTCGAGCGGATGCTGGCGGCGCAGGGCGTGGATCCCGGTCTGGCCCGAGCCCTG
TGCTCGGGAAGTCCCGCAGAACGCCGGCAGCTGCTGCCTCGCGCCCGGGAGCAGGAGGAG
CTGCTGGCGCCCGCAGATGGCACCGTGGAGCTGGTCCGGGCGCTGCCGCTGGCGCTGGTG
CTGCACGAGCTCGGGGCCGGGCGCAGCCGCGCTGGGGAGCCGCTCCGCCTGGGGGTGGGC
GCAGAGCTGCTGGTCGACGTGGGTCAGAGGCTGCGCCGTGGGACCCCCTGGCTCCGCGTG
CACCGGGACGGCCCCGCGCTCAGCGGCCCGCAGAGCCGCGCCCTGCAGGAGGCGCTCGTA
CTCTCCGACCGCGCGCCATTCGCCGCCCCCTCGCCCTTCGCAGAGCTCGTTCTGCCGCCG
CAGCAATAA