1. (S)-2-Amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]pentanoate
2. (S)-2-Amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]pentanoic acid
3. 2-amino-5-guanidinovalerate
4. 2-amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid
5. 5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-L-Norvaline
6. Arginine
7. L-(+)-Arginine
8. L-a-Amino-d-guanidinovalerate
9. L-a-Amino-d-guanidinovaleric acid
10. N5-(aminoiminomethyl)-L-Ornithine
11. L-alpha-Amino-delta-guanidinovalerate
12. L-alpha-Amino-delta-guanidinovaleric acid
13. (S)-2-amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-Pentanoic acid
14. (S)-2-amino-5-[(aminoiminomethyl)amino]-Pentanoate

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• Cytoplasm
• Extracellular
• mitochondria

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Urine

• 104300 (Alzheimer's disease)
• 207800 (Argininemia)
• 220100 (Cystinuria)
• 207800 (Hyperargininemia)
• 222690 (Hyperdibasic aminoaciduria I)
• 222700 (Lysinuric protein intolerance)

1. Mori A, Watanabe Y, Fujimoto N: Fluorometrical analysis of guanidino compounds in human cerebrospinal fluid. J Neurochem. 1982 Feb;38(2):448-50. [PubMed ]
2. Peng CT, Wu KH, Lan SJ, Tsai JJ, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH: Amino acid concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer. 2005 May;41(8):1158-63. Epub 2005 Apr 14. [PubMed ]
3. Haas W, Grabe K, Geis C, Pach T, Stoll K, Fuchs M, Haberl B, Loy C: Recognition and invasion of human skin by Schistosoma mansoni cercariae: the key-role of L-arginine. Parasitology. 2002 Feb;124(Pt 2):153-67. [PubMed ]
4. Cynober LA: Plasma amino acid levels with a note on membrane transport: characteristics, regulation, and metabolic significance. Nutrition. 2002 Sep;18(9):761-6. [PubMed ]
5. Martens-Lobenhoffer J, Bode-Boger SM: Measurement of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in human plasma: from liquid chromatography estimation to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quantification. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Feb;62(Supplement 13):61-68. [PubMed ]
6. Stothers L, Laher I, Christ GT: A review of the L-arginine - nitric oxide - guanylate cyclase pathway as a mediator of lower urinary tract physiology and symptoms. Can J Urol. 2003 Oct;10(5):1971-80. [PubMed ]
7. Avogaro A, Toffolo G, Kiwanuka E, de Kreutzenberg SV, Tessari P, Cobelli C: L-arginine-nitric oxide kinetics in normal and type 2 diabetic subjects: a stable-labelled 15N arginine approach. Diabetes. 2003 Mar;52(3):795-802. [PubMed ]
8. Kotikoski H, Moilanen E, Vapaatalo H, Aine E: Biochemical markers of the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in the aqueous humour in glaucoma patients. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2002 Apr;80(2):191-5. [PubMed ]
9. Noris M, Todeschini M, Cassis P, Pasta F, Cappellini A, Bonazzola S, Macconi D, Maucci R, Porrati F, Benigni A, Picciolo C, Remuzzi G: L-arginine depletion in preeclampsia orients nitric oxide synthase toward oxidant species. Hypertension. 2004 Mar;43(3):614-22. Epub 2004 Jan 26. [PubMed ]
10. Kirkeby HJ, Svane D, Poulsen J, Tottrup A, Forman A, Andersson KE: Role of the L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway in relaxation of isolated human penile cavernous tissue and circumflex veins. Acta Physiol Scand. 1993 Nov;149(3):385-92. [PubMed ]
11. Mizutani N, Hayakawa C, Ohya Y, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Mori A: Guanidino compounds in hyperargininemia. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1987 Nov;153(3):197-205. [PubMed ]
12. Engelborghs S, Marescau B, De Deyn PP: Amino acids and biogenic amines in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Res. 2003 Aug;28(8):1145-50. [PubMed ]
13. Crenn P, Coudray-Lucas C, Thuillier F, Cynober L, Messing B: Postabsorptive plasma citrulline concentration is a marker of absorptive enterocyte mass and intestinal failure in humans. Gastroenterology. 2000 Dec;119(6):1496-505. [PubMed ]
14. Hagenfeldt L, Bjerkenstedt L, Edman G, Sedvall G, Wiesel FA: Amino acids in plasma and CSF and monoamine metabolites in CSF: interrelationship in healthy subjects. J Neurochem. 1984 Mar;42(3):833-7. [PubMed ]
15. Wikipedia

1. Arginase-1
2. Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial
3. Arginyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic
4. Argininosuccinate synthase
5. Protein-arginine deiminase type-4
6. Protein-arginine deiminase type-3
7. Argininosuccinate lyase
8. NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-6
9. Ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferase 3
10. GPI-linked NAD(P)(+)--arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase 1
11. Ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferase 4
12. Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
13. Nitric oxide synthase, brain
14. Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial
15. Arginase-2, mitochondrial
16. Arginine decarboxylase
17. Y+L amino acid transporter 1
18. 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain
19. High affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1
20. Probable arginyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrial
21. cDNA, FLJ96771, Homo sapiens ornithine decarboxylase-like protein (ODC-p), mRNA (Arginine decarboxylase, isoform CRA_d)
22. Y+L amino acid transporter 2
23. Nitric oxide synthase 2A (Inducible, hepatocytes)
24. ART5 protein precursor (ADP-ribosyltransferase 5, isoform CRA_b)
25. Arginyl-tRNA synthetase-like, isoform CRA_a
26. cDNA, FLJ92843, Homo sapiens arginase, type II (ARG2), nuclear gene encodingmitochondrial protein, mRNA (Arginase, type II, isoform CRA_a)
27. NOS1 mutant
28. cDNA, FLJ93898, Homo sapiens ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase (ADPRH), mRNA (ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase, isoform CRA_b)
29. [Protein ADP-ribosylarginine] hydrolase

1. Liver-type arginase
2. Type I arginase

MSAKSRTIGIIGAPFSKGQPRGGVEEGPTVLRKAGLLEKLKEQECDVKDYGDLPFADIPN
DSPFQIVKNPRSVGKASEQLAGKVAEVKKNGRISLVLGGDHSLAIGSISGHARVHPDLGV
IWVDAHTDINTPLTTTSGNLHGQPVSFLLKELKGKIPDVPGFSWVTPCISAKDIVYIGLR
DVDPGEHYILKTLGIKYFSMTEVDRLGIGKVMEETLSYLLGRKKRPIHLSFDVDGLDPSF
TPATGTPVVGGLTYREGLYITEEIYKTGLLSGLDIMEVNPSLGKTPEEVTRTVNTAVAIT
LACFGLAREGNHKPIDYLNPPK

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )

• L-arginine + H2O = L-ornithine + urea [RN:R00551]

• Arginase (PF00491 )

• None

• None

ATGAGCGCCAAGTCCAGAACCATAGGGATTATTGGAGCTCCTTTCTCAAAGGGACAGCCA
CGAGGAGGGGTGGAAGAAGGCCCTACAGTATTGAGAAAGGCTGGTCTGCTTGAGAAACTT
AAAGAACAAGAGTGTGATGTGAAGGATTATGGGGACCTGCCCTTTGCTGACATCCCTAAT
GACAGTCCCTTTCAAATTGTGAAGAATCCAAGGTCTGTGGGAAAAGCAAGCGAGCAGCTG
GCTGGCAAGGTGGCACAAGTCAAGAAGAACGGAAGAATCAGCCTGGTGCTGGGCGGAGAC
CACAGTTTGGCAATTGGAAGCATCTCTGGCCATGCCAGGGTCCACCCTGATCTTGGAGTC
ATCTGGGTGGATGCTCACACTGATATCAACACTCCACTGACAACCACAAGTGGAAACTTG
CATGGACAACCTGTATCTTTCCTCCTGAAGGAACTAAAAGGAAAGATTCCCGATGTGCCA
GGATTCTCCTGGGTGACTCCCTGTATATCTGCCAAGGATATTGTGTATATTGGCTTGAGA
GACGTGGACCCTGGGGAACACTACATTTTGAAAACTCTAGGCATTAAATACTTTTCAATG
ACTGAAGTGGACAGACTAGGAATTGGCAAGGTGATGGAAGAAACACTCAGCTATCTACTA
GGAAGAAAGAAAAGGCCAATTCATCTAAGTTTTGATGTTGACGGACTGGACCCATCTTTC
ACACCAGCTACTGGCACACCAGTCGTGGGAGGTCTGACATACAGAGAAGGTCTCTACATC
ACAGAAGAAATCTACAAAACAGGGCTACTCTCAGGATTAGATATAATGGAAGTGAACCCA
TCCCTGGGGAAGACACCAGAAGAAGTAACTCGAACAGTGAACACAGCAGTTGCAATAACC
TTGGCTTGTTTCGGACTTGCTCGGGAGGGTAATCACAAGCCTATTGACTACCTTAACCCA
CCTAAGTAA

1. Haraguchi Y, Takiguchi M, Amaya Y, Kawamoto S, Matsuda I, Mori M: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNA for human liver arginase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jan;84(2):412-5. [PubMed ]
2. Takiguchi M, Haraguchi Y, Mori M: Human liver-type arginase gene: structure of the gene and analysis of the promoter region. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Sep 26;16(18):8789-802. [PubMed ]
3. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Ikemoto M, Tabata M, Miyake T, Kono T, Mori M, Totani M, Murachi T: Expression of human liver arginase in Escherichia coli. Purification and properties of the product. Biochem J. 1990 Sep 15;270(3):697-703. [PubMed ]
6. Di Costanzo L, Sabio G, Mora A, Rodriguez PC, Ochoa AC, Centeno F, Christianson DW: Crystal structure of human arginase I at 1.29-A resolution and exploration of inhibition in the immune response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Sep 13;102(37):13058-63. Epub 2005 Sep 2. [PubMed ]
7. Di Costanzo L, Moulin M, Haertlein M, Meilleur F, Christianson DW: Expression, purification, assay, and crystal structure of perdeuterated human arginase I. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2007 Sep 1;465(1):82-9. Epub 2007 May 21. [PubMed ]
8. Di Costanzo L, Pique ME, Christianson DW: Crystal structure of human arginase I complexed with thiosemicarbazide reveals an unusual thiocarbonyl mu-sulfide ligand in the binuclear manganese cluster. J Am Chem Soc. 2007 May 23;129(20):6388-9. Epub 2007 May 1. [PubMed ]
9. Zakharian TY, Di Costanzo L, Christianson DW: Synthesis of (2S)-2-amino-7,8-epoxyoctanoic acid and structure of its metal-bridging complex with human arginase I. Org Biomol Chem. 2008 Sep 21;6(18):3240-3. Epub 2008 Aug 6. [PubMed ]
10. Uchino T, Haraguchi Y, Aparicio JM, Mizutani N, Higashikawa M, Naitoh H, Mori M, Matsuda I: Three novel mutations in the liver-type arginase gene in three unrelated Japanese patients with argininemia. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Dec;51(6):1406-12. [PubMed ]
11. Grody WW, Klein D, Dodson AE, Kern RM, Wissmann PB, Goodman BK, Bassand P, Marescau B, Kang SS, Leonard JV, et al.: Molecular genetic study of human arginase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Jun;50(6):1281-90. [PubMed ]
12. Uchino T, Snyderman SE, Lambert M, Qureshi IA, Shapira SK, Sansaricq C, Smit LM, Jakobs C, Matsuda I: Molecular basis of phenotypic variation in patients with argininemia. Hum Genet. 1995 Sep;96(3):255-60. [PubMed ]

1. L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
2. Transamidinase

MLRVRCLRGGSRGAEAVHYIGSRLGRTLTGWVQRTFQSTQAATASSRNSCAADDKATEPL
PKDCPVSSYNEWDPLEEVIVGRAENACVPPFTIEVKANTYEKYWPFYQKQGGHYFPKDHL
KKAVAEIEEMCNILKTEGVTVRRPDPIDWSLKYKTPDFESTGLYSAMPRDILIVVGNEII
EAPMAWRSRFFEYRAYRSIIKDYFHRGAKWTTAPKPTMADELYNQDYPIHSVEDRHKLAA
QGKFVTTEFEPCFDAADFIRAGRDIFAQRSQVTNYLGIEWMRRHLAPDYRVHIISFKDPN
PMHIDATFNIIGPGIVLSNPDRPCHQIDLFKKAGWTIITPPTPIIPDDHPLWMSSKWLSM
NVLMLDEKRVMVDANEVPIQKMFEKLGITTIKVNIRNANSLGGGFHCWTCDVRRRGTLQS
YLD

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 )

• L-arginine + glycine = L-ornithine + guanidinoacetate [RN:R00565]

• None

• None

ATGCTGCGGGTGCGGTGTCTGCGCGGCGGGAGCCGCGGCGCCGAGGCGGTGCACTACATC
GGATCTCGGCTTGGACGAACCTTGACAGGATGGGTGCAGCGAACTTTCCAGAGCACCCAG
GCAGCTACGGCTTCCTCCCGGAACTCCTGTGCAGCTGACGACAAAGCCACTGAGCCTCTG
CCCAAGGACTGCCCTGTCTCTTCTTACAACGAATGGGACCCCTTAGAGGAAGTGATAGTG
GGCAGAGCAGAAAACGCCTGTGTTCCACCGTTCACCATCGAGGTGAAGGCCAACACATAT
GAAAAGTACTGGCCATTTTACCAGAAGCAAGGAGGGCATTATTTTCCCAAAGATCATTTG
AAAAAGGCTGTTGCTGAAATTGAAGAAATGTGCAATATTTTAAAAACGGAAGGAGTGACA
GTAAGGAGGCCTGACCCCATTGACTGGTCATTGAAGTATAAAACTCCTGATTTTGAGTCT
ACGGGTTTATACAGTGCAATGCCTCGAGACATCCTGATAGTTGTGGGCAATGAGATTATC
GAGGCTCCCATGGCATGGCGTTCACGCTTCTTTGAGTACCGAGCGTACAGGTCAATTATC
AAAGACTACTTCCACCGTGGCGCCAAGTGGACAACAGCTCCTAAGCCCACAATGGCTGAT
GAGCTTTATAACCAGGATTATCCCATCCACTCTGTAGAAGACAGACACAAATTGGCTGCT
CAGGGAAAATTTGTGACAACTGAGTTTGAGCCATGCTTTGATGCTGCTGACTTCATTCGA
GCTGGAAGAGATATTTTTGCACAGAGAAGCCAGGTTACAAACTACCTAGGCATTGAATGG
ATGCGTAGGCATCTTGCTCCAGACTACAGAGTGCATATCATCTCCTTTAAAGATCCCAAT
CCCATGCATATTGATGCTACCTTCAACATCATTGGACCTGGTATTGTGCTTTCCAACCCT
GACCGACCATGTCACCAGATTGATCTTTTCAAGAAAGCAGGATGGACTATCATTACTCCT
CCAACACCAATCATCCCAGACGATCATCCACTCTGGATGTCATCCAAATGGCTTTCCATG
AATGTCTTAATGCTAGATGAAAAACGTGTTATGGTGGATGCCAATGAAGTTCCAATTCAA
AAGATGTTTGAAAAGCTGGGTATCACTACCATTAAAGTTAACATTCGTAATGCCAATTCC
CTGGGAGGAGGCTTCCATTGCTGGACCTGCGATGTCCGGCGCCGAGGCACCCTACAGTCC
TACTTGGACTGA

1. Humm A, Huber R, Mann K: The amino acid sequences of human and pig L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase. FEBS Lett. 1994 Feb 14;339(1-2):101-7. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Zody MC, Garber M, Sharpe T, Young SK, Rowen L, O'Neill K, Whittaker CA, Kamal M, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Dewar K, FitzGerald MG, Kodira CD, Madan A, Qin S, Yang X, Abbasi N, Abouelleil A, Arachchi HM, Baradarani L, Birditt B, Bloom S, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Burke J, Butler J, Cook A, DeArellano K, DeCaprio D, Dorris L 3rd, Dors M, Eichler EE, Engels R, Fahey J, Fleetwood P, Friedman C, Gearin G, Hall JL, Hensley G, Johnson E, Jones C, Kamat A, Kaur A, Locke DP, Madan A, Munson G, Jaffe DB, Lui A, Macdonald P, Mauceli E, Naylor JW, Nesbitt R, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Ratcliffe A, Rounsley S, She X, Sneddon KM, Stewart S, Sougnez C, Stone SM, Topham K, Vincent D, Wang S, Zimmer AR, Birren BW, Hood L, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: Analysis of the DNA sequence and duplication history of human chromosome 15. Nature. 2006 Mar 30;440(7084):671-5. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Gross MD, Eggen MA, Simon AM, Van Pilsum JF: The purification and characterization of human kidney L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1986 Dec;251(2):747-55. [PubMed ]
6. Humm A, Fritsche E, Mann K, Gohl M, Huber R: Recombinant expression and isolation of human L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase and identification of its active-site cysteine residue. Biochem J. 1997 Mar 15;322 ( Pt 3):771-6. [PubMed ]
7. Humm A, Fritsche E, Steinbacher S: Structure and reaction mechanism of L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase. Biol Chem. 1997 Mar-Apr;378(3-4):193-7. [PubMed ]
8. Cullen ME, Yuen AH, Felkin LE, Smolenski RT, Hall JL, Grindle S, Miller LW, Birks EJ, Yacoub MH, Barton PJ: Myocardial expression of the arginine:glycine amidinotransferase gene is elevated in heart failure and normalized after recovery: potential implications for local creatine synthesis. Circulation. 2006 Jul 4;114(1 Suppl):I16-20. [PubMed ]
9. McMinn J, Wei M, Schupf N, Cusmai J, Johnson EB, Smith AC, Weksberg R, Thaker HM, Tycko B: Unbalanced placental expression of imprinted genes in human intrauterine growth restriction. Placenta. 2006 Jun-Jul;27(6-7):540-9. Epub 2005 Aug 24. [PubMed ]
10. Monk D, Arnaud P, Apostolidou S, Hills FA, Kelsey G, Stanier P, Feil R, Moore GE: Limited evolutionary conservation of imprinting in the human placenta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Apr 25;103(17):6623-8. Epub 2006 Apr 13. [PubMed ]
11. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
12. Humm A, Fritsche E, Steinbacher S, Huber R: Crystal structure and mechanism of human L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase: a mitochondrial enzyme involved in creatine biosynthesis. EMBO J. 1997 Jun 16;16(12):3373-85. [PubMed ]
13. Fritsche E, Humm A, Huber R: Substrate binding and catalysis by L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase--a mutagenesis and crystallographic study. Eur J Biochem. 1997 Jul 15;247(2):483-90. [PubMed ]
14. Fritsche E, Humm A, Huber R: The ligand-induced structural changes of human L-Arginine:Glycine amidinotransferase. A mutational and crystallographic study. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jan 29;274(5):3026-32. [PubMed ]
15. Item CB, Stockler-Ipsiroglu S, Stromberger C, Muhl A, Alessandri MG, Bianchi MC, Tosetti M, Fornai F, Cioni G: Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase deficiency: the third inborn error of creatine metabolism in humans. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Nov;69(5):1127-33. Epub 2001 Sep 10. [PubMed ]

1. Arginine--tRNA ligase
2. ArgRS

MDVLVSECSARLLQQEEEIKSLTAEIDRLKNCGCLGASPNLEQLQEENLKLKYRLNILRK
SLQAERNKPTKNMINIISRLQEVFGHAIKAAYPDLENPPLLVTPSQQAKFGDYQCNSAMG
ISQMLKTKEQKVNPREIAENITKHLPDNECIEKVEIAGPGFINVHLRKDFVSEQLTSLLV
NGVQLPALGENKKVIVDFSSPNIAKEMHVGHLRSTIIGESISRLFEFAGYDVLRLNHVGD
WGTQFGMLIAHLQDKFPDYLTVSPPIGDLQVFYKESKKRFDTEEEFKKRAYQCVVLLQGK
NPDITKAWKLICDVSRQELNKIYDALDVSLIERGESFYQDRMNDIVKEFEDRGFVQVDDG
RKIVFVPGCSIPLTIVKSDGGYTYDTSDLAAIKQRLFEEKADMIIYVVDNGQSVHFQTIF
AAAQMIGWYDPKVTRVFHAGFGVVLGEDKKKFKTRSGETVRLMDLLGEGLKRSMDKLKEK
ERDKVLTAEELNAAQTSVAYGCIKYADLSHNRLNDYIFSFDKMLDDRGNTAAYLLYAFTR
IRSIARLANIDEEMLQKAARETKILLDHEKEWKLGRCILRFPEILQKILDDLFLHTLCDY
IYELATAFTEFYDSCYCVEKDRQTGKILKVNMWRMLLCEAVAAVMAKGFDILGIKPVQRM

• Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (map00970 )
• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )

• ATP + L-arginine + tRNAArg = AMP + diphosphate + L-arginyl-tRNAArg [RN:R03646]

• Arg_tRNA_synt_N (PF03485 )
• DALR_1 (PF05746 )
• tRNA-synt_1d (PF00750 )

• None

• None

ATGGACGTACTGGTGTCTGAGTGCTCCGCGCGGCTGCTGCAGCAGGAAGAAGAGATTAAA
TCTCTGACTGCTGAAATTGACCGGTTGAAAAACTGTGGCTGTTTAGGAGCTTCTCCAAAT
TTGGAGCAGTTACAAGAAGAAAATTTAAAATTAAAGTATCGACTGAATATTCTTCGAAAG
AGTCTTCAGGCAGAAAGGAACAAACCAACTAAAAATATGATTAACATTATTAGCCGCCTA
CAAGAGGTCTTTGGTCATGCAATTAAGGCTGCATATCCAGATTTGGAAAATCCTCCTCTG
CTAGTGACACCAAGTCAGCAGGCCAAGTTTGGGGACTATCAGTGTAATAGTGCTATGGGT
ATTTCTCAGATGCTCAAAACCAAGGAACAGAAAGTTAATCCAAGAGAAATTGCTGAAAAC
ATTACCAAACACCTCCCAGACAATGAATGTATTGAAAAAGTTGAAATTGCTGGTCCTGGT
TTTATTAATGTCCACTTAAGAAAGGATTTTGTATCAGAACAATTGACCAGTCTTCTAGTG
AATGGAGTTCAACTACCTGCTCTGGGAGAGAATAAAAAGGTTATAGTTGACTTTTCCTCC
CCTAATATAGCTAAAGAGATGCATGTAGGCCACCTGAGGTCAACTATCATAGGAGAGAGT
ATAAGCCGCCTCTTTGAATTTGCAGGGTATGACGTGCTCAGGTTAAATCATGTAGGAGAC
TGGGGGACCCAGTTTGGCATGCTCATCGCTCACCTGCAAGACAAATTTCCAGATTATCTA
ACAGTTTCACCTCCTATTGGGGATCTTCAGGTCTTTTATAAGGAATCTAAGAAGAGGTTT
GATACTGAGGAGGAATTTAAGAAGCGAGCATATCAGTGTGTAGTTCTGCTCCAGGGTAAA
AACCCAGATATTACAAAAGCTTGGAAGCTTATCTGTGATGTCTCCCGCCAAGAGTTAAAT
AAAATCTATGATGCATTGGACGTCTCTTTAATAGAGAGAGGGGAATCCTTCTATCAAGAT
GGGATGAATGATATTGTAAAGGAATTTGAAGATAGAGGATTTGTGCAGGTGGATGATGGC
AGAAAGATTGTATTTGTCCCAGGGTGTTCCATACCATTAACCATAGTAAAATCAGATGGA
GGTTATACCTATGATACATCTGACCTGGCTGCTATTAAACAAAGACTATTTGAGGAAAAA
GCAGATATGATTATCTATGTTGTGGACAATGGACAATCTGTGCACTTCCAGACAATATTT
GCTGCTGCTCAAATGATTGGTTGGTATGACCCTAAAGTAACTCGAGTCTTCCATGCTGGA
TTTGGTGTGGTGCTAGGGGAAGACAAGAAAAAGTTTAAAACACGTTCGGGTGAAACAGTG
CGCCTCATGGATCTTCTGGGAGAAGGACTAAAACGATCCATGGACAAGTTGAAGGAAAAA
GAAAGAGACAAGGTCTTAGCTGCAGAGGAATTGAATGCTGCTCAGACATCCGTTGCGTAT
GGCTGCATCAAATATGCTGACCTTTCCCATAACCGGTTGAATGACTACATCTTCTCCTTT
GACAAAATGCTAGATGACAGAGGAAATACAGCTGCTTACTTGTTGTATGCCTTCACTAGA
ATCAGGTCTATTGCACGTCTGGCCAATATTGATGAAGAAATGCTCCAAAAAGCTGCTCGA
GAAACCAAGATTCTTTTGGATCATGAGAAGGAATGGAAACTAGGCCGGTGCATTTTACGG
TTCCCTGAGATTCTGCAAAAGATTTTAGATGACTTATTTCTCCACACTCTCTGTGATTAT
ATATATGAGCTGGCAACTGCTTTCACAGAGTTCTATGATAGCTGCTACTGTGTGGAGAAA
GATAGACAGACTGGAAAAATATTGAAGGTGAACATGTGGCGTATGCTGCTATGTGAAGCA
GTAGCTGCTGTCATGGCCAAGGGGTTTGATATCCTGGGAATAAAACCTGTCCAAAGGATG
TAA

1. Girjes AA, Hobson K, Chen P, Lavin MF: Cloning and characterization of cDNA encoding a human arginyl-tRNA synthetase. Gene. 1995 Oct 27;164(2):347-50. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed ]
5. Park SG, Jung KH, Lee JS, Jo YJ, Motegi H, Kim S, Shiba K: Precursor of pro-apoptotic cytokine modulates aminoacylation activity of tRNA synthetase. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 11;274(24):16673-6. [PubMed ]
6. Ling C, Yao YN, Zheng YG, Wei H, Wang L, Wu XF, Wang ED: The C-terminal appended domain of human cytosolic leucyl-tRNA synthetase is indispensable in its interaction with arginyl-tRNA synthetase in the multi-tRNA synthetase complex. J Biol Chem. 2005 Oct 14;280(41):34755-63. Epub 2005 Jul 29. [PubMed ]
7. Zheng YG, Wei H, Ling C, Xu MG, Wang ED: Two forms of human cytoplasmic arginyl-tRNA synthetase produced from two translation initiations by a single mRNA. Biochemistry. 2006 Jan 31;45(4):1338-44. [PubMed ]
8. Bottoni A, Vignali C, Piccin D, Tagliati F, Luchin A, Zatelli MC, Uberti EC: Proteasomes and RARS modulate AIMP1/EMAP II secretion in human cancer cell lines. J Cell Physiol. 2007 Aug;212(2):293-7. [PubMed ]
9. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
10. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. Citrulline--aspartate ligase

MSSKGSVVLAYSGGLDTSCILVWLKEQGYDVIAYLANIGQKEDFEEARKKALKLGAKKVF
IEDVSREFVEEFIWPAIQSSALYEDRYLLGTSLARPCIARKQVEIAQREGAKYVSHGATG
KGNDQVRFELSCYSLAPQIKVIAPWRMPEFYNRFKGRNDLMEYAKQHGIPIPVTPKNPWS
MDENLMHISYEAGILENPKNQAPPGLYTKTQDPAKAPNTPDILEIEFKKGVPVKVTNVKD
GTTHQTSLELFMYLNEVAGKHGVGRIDIVENRFIGMKSRGIYETPAGTILYHAHLDIEAF
TMDREVRKIKQGLGLKFAELVYTGFWHSPECEFVRHCIAKSQERVEGKVQVSVLKGQVYI
LGRESPLSLYNEELVSMNVQGDYEPTDATGFININSLRLKEYHRLQSKVTAK

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )

• ATP + L-citrulline + L-aspartate = AMP + diphosphate + 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate [RN:R01954]

• Arginosuc_synth (PF00764 )

• None

• None

ATGTCCAGCAAAGGCTCCGTGGTTCTGGCCTACAGTGGCGGCCTGGACACCTCGTGCATC
CTCGTGTGGCTGAAGGAACAAGGCTATGACGTCATTGCCTATCTGGCCAACATTGGCCAG
AAGGAAGACTTCGAGGAAGCCAGGAAGAAGGCACTGAAGCTTGGGGCCAAAAAGGTGTTC
ATTGAGGATGTCAGCAGGGAGTTTGTGGAGGAGTTCATCTGGCCGGCCATCCAGTCCAGC
GCACTGTATGAGGACCGCTACCTCCTGGGCACCTCTCTTGCCAGGCCCTGCATCGCCCGC
AAACAAGTGGAAATCGCCCAGCGGGAGGGGGCCAAGTATGTGTCCCACGGCGCCACAGGA
AAGGGGAACGATCAGGTCCGGTTTGAGCTCAGCTGCTACTCACTGGCCCCCCAGATAAAG
GTCATTGCTCCCTGGAGGATGCCTGAATTCTACAACCGGTTCAAGGGCCGCAATGACCTG
ATGGAGTACGCAAAGCAACACGGGATTCCCATCCCGGTCACTCCCAAGAACCCGTGGAGC
ATGGATGAGAACCTCATGCACATCAGCTACGAGGCTGGAATCCTGGAGAACCCCAAGAAC
CAAGCGCCTCCAGGTCTCTACACGAAGACCCAGGACCCAGCCAAAGCCCCCAACACCCCT
GACATTCTCGAGATCGAGTTCAAAAAAGGGGTCCCTGTGAAGGTGACCAACGTCAAGGAT
GGCACCACCCACCAGACCTCCTTGGAGCTCTTCATGTACCTGAACGAAGTCGCGGGCAAG
CATGGCGTGGGCCGTATTGACATCGTGGAGAACCGCTTCATTGGAATGAAGTCCCGAGGT
ATCTACGAGACCCCAGCAGGCACCATCCTTTACCATGCTCATTTAGACATCGAGGCCTTC
ACCATGGACCGGGAAGTGCGCAAAATCAAACAAGGCCTGGGCTTGAAATTTGCTGAGCTG
GTGTATACCGGTTTACGGCCTAGCCCTGAGTGTGAATTTGTCCGCCACTGCATCGCCAAG
TCCCAGGAGCGAGTGGAAGGGAAAGTGCAGGTGTCCGTCCTCAAGGGCCAGGTGTACATC
CTCGGCCGGGAGTCCCCACTGTCTCTCTACAATGAGGAGCTGGTGAGCATGAACGTGCAG
GGTGATTATGAGCCAACTGATGCCACCGGGTTCATCAACATCAATTCCCTCAGGCTGAAG
GAATATCATCGTCTCCAGAGCAAGGTCACTGCCAAATAG

1. Bock HG, Su TS, O'Brien WE, Beaudet AL: Sequence for human argininosuccinate synthetase cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Sep 24;11(18):6505-12. [PubMed ]
2. Freytag SO, Bock HG, Beaudet AL, O'Brien WE: Molecular structures of human argininosuccinate synthetase pseudogenes. Evolutionary and mechanistic implications. J Biol Chem. 1984 Mar 10;259(5):3160-6. [PubMed ]
3. Haberle J, Pauli S, Linnebank M, Kleijer WJ, Bakker HD, Wanders RJ, Harms E, Koch HG: Structure of the human argininosuccinate synthetase gene and an improved system for molecular diagnostics in patients with classical and mild citrullinemia. Hum Genet. 2002 Apr;110(4):327-33. Epub 2002 Mar 1. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Jinno Y, Nomiyama H, Matuo S, Shimada K, Matsuda I, Saheki T: Structure of the 5' end region of the human argininosuccinate synthetase gene. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1985;8(3):157-9. [PubMed ]
7. Isashiki Y, Noda T, Kobayashi K, Sase M, Saheki T, Titani K: Identification of essential arginine residue(s) for Mg-ATP binding of human argininosuccinate synthetase. Protein Seq Data Anal. 1989 Jul;2(4):283-7. [PubMed ]
8. Ji H, Reid GE, Moritz RL, Eddes JS, Burgess AW, Simpson RJ: A two-dimensional gel database of human colon carcinoma proteins. Electrophoresis. 1997 Mar-Apr;18(3-4):605-13. [PubMed ]
9. Zheng X, Dai X, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Lu F, Yao D, Yu Q, Liu X, Zhang C, Gu X, Luo M: Restructuring of the dinucleotide-binding fold in an NADP(H) sensor protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 May 22;104(21):8809-14. Epub 2007 May 11. [PubMed ]
10. Imami K, Sugiyama N, Kyono Y, Tomita M, Ishihama Y: Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column. Anal Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):161-6. [PubMed ]
11. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
12. Engel K, Hohne W, Haberle J: Mutations and polymorphisms in the human argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1) gene. Hum Mutat. 2009 Mar;30(3):300-7. [PubMed ]
13. Kobayashi K, Jackson MJ, Tick DB, O'Brien WE, Beaudet AL: Heterogeneity of mutations in argininosuccinate synthetase causing human citrullinemia. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jul 5;265(19):11361-7. [PubMed ]
14. Kobayashi K, Rosenbloom C, Beaudet AL, O'Brien WE: Additional mutations in argininosuccinate synthetase causing citrullinemia. Mol Biol Med. 1991 Feb;8(1):95-100. [PubMed ]
15. Kobayashi K, Shaheen N, Terazono H, Saheki T: Mutations in argininosuccinate synthetase mRNA of Japanese patients, causing classical citrullinemia. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Dec;55(6):1103-12. [PubMed ]
16. Shaheen N, Kobayashi K, Terazono H, Fukushige T, Horiuchi M, Saheki T: Characterization of human wild-type and mutant argininosuccinate synthetase proteins expressed in bacterial cells. Enzyme Protein. 1994-1995;48(5-6):251-64. [PubMed ]
17. Vilaseca MA, Kobayashi K, Briones P, Lambruschini N, Campistol J, Tabata A, Alomar A, Rodes M, Lluch M, Saheki T: Phenotype and genotype heterogeneity in Mediterranean citrullinemia. Mol Genet Metab. 2001 Nov;74(3):396-8. [PubMed ]
18. Gao HZ, Kobayashi K, Tabata A, Tsuge H, Iijima M, Yasuda T, Kalkanoglu HS, Dursun A, Tokatli A, Coskun T, Trefz FK, Skladal D, Mandel H, Seidel J, Kodama S, Shirane S, Ichida T, Makino S, Yoshino M, Kang JH, Mizuguchi M, Barshop BA, Fuchinoue S, Seneca S, Zeesman S, Knerr I, Rodes M, Wasant P, Yoshida I, De Meirleir L, Abdul Jalil M, Begum L, Horiuchi M, Katunuma N, Nakagawa S, Saheki T: Identification of 16 novel mutations in the argininosuccinate synthetase gene and genotype-phenotype correlation in 38 classical citrullinemia patients. Hum Mutat. 2003 Jul;22(1):24-34. [PubMed ]
19. Haberle J, Pauli S, Schmidt E, Schulze-Eilfing B, Berning C, Koch HG: Mild citrullinemia in Caucasians is an allelic variant of argininosuccinate synthetase deficiency (citrullinemia type 1). Mol Genet Metab. 2003 Nov;80(3):302-6. [PubMed ]
20. Kleijer WJ, Garritsen VH, van der Sterre ML, Berning C, Haberle J, Huijmans JG: Prenatal diagnosis of citrullinemia and argininosuccinic aciduria: evidence for a transmission ratio distortion in citrullinemia. Prenat Diagn. 2006 Mar;26(3):242-7. [PubMed ]

1. HL-60 PAD
2. Peptidylarginine deiminase IV
3. Protein-arginine deiminase type IV

MAQGTLIRVTPEQPTHAVCVLGTLTQLDICSSAPEDCTSFSINASPGVVVDIAHGPPAKK
KSTGSSTWPLDPGVEVTLTMKVASGSTGDQKVQISYYGPKTPPVKALLYLTGVEISLCAD
ITRTGKVKPTRAVKDQRTWTWGPCGQGAILLVNCDRDNLESSAMDCEDDEVLDSEDLQDM
SLMTLSTKTPKDFFTNHTLVLHVARSEMDKVRVFQATRGKLSSKCSVVLGPKWPSHYLMV
PGGKHNMDFYVEALAFPDTDFPGLITLTISLLDTSNLELPEAVVFQDSVVFRVAPWIMTP
NTQPPQEVYACSIFENEDFLKSVTTLAMKAKCKLTICPEEENMDDQWMQDEMEIGYIQAP
HKTLPVVFDSPRNRGLKEFPIKRVMGPDFGYVTRGPQTGGISGLDSFGNLEVSPPVTVRG
KEYPLGRILFGDSCYPSNDSRQMHQALQDFLSAQQVQAPVKLYSDWLSVGHVDEFLSFVP
APDRKGFRLLLASPRSCYKLFQEQQNEGHGEALLFEGIKKKKQQKIKNILSNKTLREHNS
FVERCIDWNRELLKRELGLAESDIIDIPQLFKLKEFSKAEAFFPNMVNMLVLGKHLGIPK
PFGPVINGRCCLEEKVCSLLEPLGLQCTFINDFFTYHIRHGEVHCGTNVRRKPFSFKWWN
MVP

• protein L-arginine + H2O = protein L-citrulline + NH3 [RN:R02621]

• PAD (PF03068 )
• PAD_M (PF08527 )
• PAD_N (PF08526 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCCAGGGGACATTGATCCGTGTGACCCCAGAGCAGCCCACCCATGCCGTGTGTGTG
CTGGGCACCTTGACTCAGCTTGACATCTGCAGCTCTGCCCCTGAGGACTGCACGTCCTTC
AGCATCAACGCCTCCCCAGGGGTGGTCGTGGATATTGCCCACAGCCCTCCAGCCAAGAAG
AAATCCACAGGTTCCTCCACATGGCCCCTGGACCCTGGGGTAGAGGTGACCCTGACGATG
AAAGCGGCCAGTGGTAGCACAGGCGACCAGAAGGTTCAGATTTCATACTACGGACCCAAG
ACTCCACCAGTCAAAGCTCTACTCTACCTCACCGCGGTGGAAATCTCCCTGTGCGCAGAC
ATCACCCGCACCGGCAAAGTGAAGCCAACCAGAGCTGTGAAAGATCAGAGGACCTGGACC
TGGGGCCCTTGTGGACAGGGTGCCATCCTGCTGGTGAACTGTGACAGAGACAATCTCGAA
TCTTCTGCCATGGACTGCGAGGATGATGAAGTGCTTGACAGCGAAGACCTGCAGGACATG
TCGCTGATGACCCTGAGCACGAAGACCCCCAAGGACTTCTTCACAAACCATACACTGGTG
CTCCACGTGGCCAGGTCTGAGATGGACAAAGTGAGGGTGTTTCAGGCCACACGGGGCAAA
CTGTCCTCCAAGTGCAGCGTAGTCTTGGGTCCCAAGTGGCCCTCTCACTACCTGATGGTC
CCCGGTGGAAAGCACAACATGGACTTCTACGTGGAGGCCCTCGCTTTCCCGGACACCGAC
TTCCCGGGGCTCATTACCCTCACCATCTCCCTGCTGGACACGTCCAACCTGGAGCTCCCC
GAGGCTGTGGTGTTCCAAGACAGCGTGGTCTTCCGCGTGGCGCCCTGGATCATGACCCCC
AACACCCAGCCCCCGCAGGAGGTGTACGCGTGCAGTATTTTTGAAAATGAGGACTTCCTG
AAGTCAGTGACTACTCTGGCCATGAAAGCCAAGTGCAAGCTGACCATCTGCCCTGAGGAG
GAGAACATGGATGACCAGTGGATGCAGGATGAAATGGAGATCGGCTACATCCAAGCCCCA
CACAAAACGCTGCCCGTGGTCTTCGACTCTCCAAGGAACAGAGGCCTGAAGGAGTTTCCC
ATCAAACGAGTGATGGGTCCAGATTTTGGCTATGTAACTCGAGGGCCCCAAACAGGGGGT
ATCAGTGGACTGGACTCCTTTGGGAACCTGGAAGTGAGCCCCCCAGTCACAGTCAGGGGC
AAGGAATACCCGCTGGGCAGGATTCTCTTCGGGGACAGCTGTTATCCCAGCAATGACAGC
CGGCAGATGCACCAGGCCCTGCAGGACTTCCTCAGTGCCCAGCAGGTGCAGGCCCCTGTG
AAGCTCTATTCTGACTGGCTGTCCGTGGGCCACGTGGACGAGTTCCTGAGCTTTGTGCCA
GCACCCGACAGGAAGGGCTTCCGGCTGCTCCTGGCCAGCCCCAGGTCCTGCTACAAACTG
TTCCAGGAGCAGCAGAATGAGGGCCACGGGGAGGCCCTGCTGTTCGAAGGGATCAAGAAA
AAAAAACAGCAGAAAATAAAGAACATTCTGTCAAACAAGACATTGAGAGAACATAATTCA
TTTGTGGAGAGATGCATCGACTGGAACCGCGAGCTGCTGAAGCGGGAGCTGGGCCTGGCC
GAGAGTGACATCATTGACATCCCGCAGCTCTTCAAGCTCAAAGAGTTCTCTAAGGCGGAA
GCTTTTTTCCCCAACATGGTGAACATGCTGGTGCTAGGGAAGCACCTGGGCATCCCCAAG
CCCTTCGGGCCCGTCATCAACGGCCGCTGCTGCCTGGAGGAGAAGGTGTGTTCCCTGCTG
GAGCCACTGGGCCTCCAGTGCACCTTCATCAACGACTTCTTCACCTACCACATCAGGCAT
GGGGAGGTGCACTGCGGCACCAACGTGCGCAGAAAGCCCTTCTCCTTCAAGTGGTGGAAC
ATGGTGCCCTGA

1. Nakashima K, Hagiwara T, Ishigami A, Nagata S, Asaga H, Kuramoto M, Senshu T, Yamada M: Molecular characterization of peptidylarginine deiminase in HL-60 cells induced by retinoic acid and 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). J Biol Chem. 1999 Sep 24;274(39):27786-92. [PubMed ]
2. Chavanas S, Mechin MC, Takahara H, Kawada A, Nachat R, Serre G, Simon M: Comparative analysis of the mouse and human peptidylarginine deiminase gene clusters reveals highly conserved non-coding segments and a new human gene, PADI6. Gene. 2004 Apr 14;330:19-27. [PubMed ]
3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Asaga H, Nakashima K, Senshu T, Ishigami A, Yamada M: Immunocytochemical localization of peptidylarginine deiminase in human eosinophils and neutrophils. J Leukoc Biol. 2001 Jul;70(1):46-51. [PubMed ]
6. Suzuki A, Yamada R, Chang X, Tokuhiro S, Sawada T, Suzuki M, Nagasaki M, Nakayama-Hamada M, Kawaida R, Ono M, Ohtsuki M, Furukawa H, Yoshino S, Yukioka M, Tohma S, Matsubara T, Wakitani S, Teshima R, Nishioka Y, Sekine A, Iida A, Takahashi A, Tsunoda T, Nakamura Y, Yamamoto K: Functional haplotypes of PADI4, encoding citrullinating enzyme peptidylarginine deiminase 4, are associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Genet. 2003 Aug;34(4):395-402. [PubMed ]
7. Cuthbert GL, Daujat S, Snowden AW, Erdjument-Bromage H, Hagiwara T, Yamada M, Schneider R, Gregory PD, Tempst P, Bannister AJ, Kouzarides T: Histone deimination antagonizes arginine methylation. Cell. 2004 Sep 3;118(5):545-53. [PubMed ]
8. Wang Y, Wysocka J, Sayegh J, Lee YH, Perlin JR, Leonelli L, Sonbuchner LS, McDonald CH, Cook RG, Dou Y, Roeder RG, Clarke S, Stallcup MR, Allis CD, Coonrod SA: Human PAD4 regulates histone arginine methylation levels via demethylimination. Science. 2004 Oct 8;306(5694):279-83. Epub 2004 Sep 2. [PubMed ]
9. Nakayama-Hamada M, Suzuki A, Kubota K, Takazawa T, Ohsaka M, Kawaida R, Ono M, Kasuya A, Furukawa H, Yamada R, Yamamoto K: Comparison of enzymatic properties between hPADI2 and hPADI4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Feb 4;327(1):192-200. [PubMed ]
10. Lee YH, Coonrod SA, Kraus WL, Jelinek MA, Stallcup MR: Regulation of coactivator complex assembly and function by protein arginine methylation and demethylimination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Mar 8;102(10):3611-6. Epub 2005 Feb 24. [PubMed ]
11. Arita K, Hashimoto H, Shimizu T, Nakashima K, Yamada M, Sato M: Structural basis for Ca(2+)-induced activation of human PAD4. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2004 Aug;11(8):777-83. Epub 2004 Jul 11. [PubMed ]
12. Hoppe B, Heymann GA, Tolou F, Kiesewetter H, Doerner T, Salama A: High variability of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) in a healthy white population: characterization of six new variants of PADI4 exons 2-4 by a novel haplotype-specific sequencing-based approach. J Mol Med. 2004 Nov;82(11):762-7. Epub 2004 Aug 25. [PubMed ]

1. Peptidylarginine deiminase III
2. Protein-arginine deiminase type III

MSLQRIVRVSLEHPTSAVCVAGVETLVDIYGSVPEGTEMFEVYGTPGVDIYISPNMERGR
ERADTRRWRFDATLEIIVVMNSPSNDLNDSHVQISYHSSHEPLPLAYAVLYLTCVDISLD
CDLNCEGRQDRNFVDKRQWVWGPSGYGGILLVNCDRDDPSCDVQDNCDQHVHCLQDLEDM
SVMVLRTQGPAALFDDHKLVLHTSSYDAKRAQVFHICGPEDVCEAYRHVLGQDKVSYEVP
RLHGDEERFFVEGLSFPDAGFTGLISFHVTLLDDSNEDFSASPIFTDTVVFRVAPWIMTP
STLPPLEVYVCRVRNNTCFVDAVAELARKAGCKLTICPQAENRNDRWIQDEMELGYVQAP
HKTLPVVFDSPRNGELQDFPYKRILGPDFGYVTREPRDRSVSGLDSFGNLEVSPPVVANG
KEYPLGRILIGGNLPGSSGRRVTQVVRDFLHAQKVQPPVELFVDWLAVGHVDEFLSFVPA
PDGKGFRMLLASPGACFKLFQEKQKCGHGRALLFQGVVDDEQVKTISINQVLSNKDLINY
NKFVQSCIDWNREVLKRELGLAECDIIDIPQLFKTERKKATAFFPDLVNMLVLGKHLGIP
KPFGPIINGCCCLEEKVRSLLEPLGLHCTFIDDFTPYHMLHGEVHCGTNVCRKPFSFKWW
NMVP

• protein L-arginine + H2O = protein L-citrulline + NH3 [RN:R02621]

• PAD (PF03068 )
• PAD_M (PF08527 )
• PAD_N (PF08526 )

• None

• None

ATGTCGCTGCAGAGAATCGTGCGTGTGTCCCTGGAGCATCCCACCAGCGCGGTGTGTGTG
GCTGGCGTGGAGACCCTCGTGGACATTTATGGGTCAGTGCCTGAGGGCACAGAAATGTTT
GAGGTCTATGGGACGCCTGGCGTGGACATCTACATCTCTCCCAACATGGAGAGGGGCCGG
GAGCGTGCAGACACCAGGCGGTGGCGCTTTGACGCGACTTTGGAGATCATCGTGGTCATG
AACTCCCCCAGCAATGACCTCAACGACAGCCATGTTCAGATTTCCTACCACTCCAGCCAT
GAGCCTCTGCCCCTAGCCTATGCGGTGCTCTACCTCACCTGTGTTGACATCTCTCTGGAT
TGCGACCTGAACTGTGAGGGAAGGCAGGACAGGAACTTTGTAGACAAGCGGCAGTGGGTC
TGGGGGCCCAGTGGGTATGGCGGCATCTTGCTGGTGAACTGTGACCGTGATGATCCGAGC
TGTGATGTCCAGGACAATTGTGACCAGCACGTGCACTGCCTGCAAGACCTGGAAGACATG
TCTGTCATGGTCCTGCGGACGCAGGGCCCTGCAGCCCTCTTTGATGACCACAAACTTGTC
CTCCATACCTCCAGCTATGATGCCAAACGGGCACAGGTCTTCCACATCTGCGGTCCTGAG
GATGTGTGTGAGGCCTATAGGCATGTGCTGGGCCAAGATAAGGTGTCCTATGAGGTACCC
CGCTTGCATGGGGATGAGGAGCGCTTCTTCGTGGAAGGCCTGTCCTTCCCTGATGCCGGC
TTCACAGGACTCATCTCCTTCCATGTCACTCTGCTGGACGACTCCAACGAGGATTTCTCG
GCATCCCCTATCTTCACTGACACTGTGGTGTTCCGAGTGGCACCCTGGATCATGACGCCC
AGCACTCTGCCACCCCTAGAGGTGTATGTGTGCCGTGTGAGGAACAACACGTGTTTTGTG
GATGCGGTGGCAGAGCTGGCCAGGAAGGCCGGCTGCAAGCTGACCATCTGCCCACAGGCC
GAGAACCGCAACGACCGCTGGATCCAGGATGAGATGGAGCTGGGCTACGTTCAGGCGCCG
CACAAGACCCTCCCGGTGGTCTTTGACTCCCCAAGGAATGGGGAACTGCAGGATTTCCCT
TACAAAAGAATCCTGGGTCCAGATTTTGGTTACGTGACTCGGGAACCACGCGACAGGTCT
GTGAGTGGCCTGGACTCCTTTGGGAACCTGGAGGTCAGCCCTCCAGTGGTGGCCAATGGG
AAAGAGTACCCCCTGGGGAGGATCCTCATTGGGGGCAACCTGCCTGGGTCAAGTGGCCGC
AGGGTCACCCAGGTGGTGCGGGACTTCCTCCATGCCCAGAAGGTGCAGCCCCCCGTGGAG
CTCTTTGTGGACTGGTTGGCCGTGGGCCATGTGGATGAGTTTCTGAGCTTTGTCCCTGTC
CCCGATGGGAAGGGCTTCCGGATGCTCCTGGCCAGCCCTGGGGCCTGCTTCAAGCTCTTC
CAGGAAAAGCAGAAGTGTGGCCACGGGAGGGCCCTCCTGTTCCAGGGGGTTGTTGATGAT
GAGCAGGTCAAGACCATCTCCATCAACCAGGTGCTCTCCAATAAAGACCTCATCAACTAC
AATAAGTTTGTGCAGAGCTGCATCGACTGGAACCGTGAGGTGCTGAAGCGGGAGCTGGGC
CTGGCAGAGTGTGACATCATTGACATCCCACAGCTCTTCAAGACCGAGAGGAAAAAAGCA
ACGGCCTTCTTCCCTGACTTGGTGAACATGCTGGTGCTGGGGAAGCACCTGGGCATCCCC
AAGCCCTTTGGGCCCATCATCAATGGCTGCTGCTGCCTGGAGGAGAAGGTGCGGTCCCTG
CTGGAGCCTCTGGGCCTCCACTGCACCTTCATTGATGACTTCACTCCATACCACATGCTG
CATGGGGAGGTGCACTGTGGCACCAATGTGTGCAGAAAGCCCTTCTCTTTCAAGTGGTGG
AACATGGTGCCCTGA

1. Kanno T, Kawada A, Yamanouchi J, Yosida-Noro C, Yoshiki A, Shiraiwa M, Kusakabe M, Manabe M, Tezuka T, Takahara H: Human peptidylarginine deiminase type III: molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the cDNA, properties of the recombinant enzyme, and immunohistochemical localization in human skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2000 Nov;115(5):813-23. [PubMed ]
2. Chavanas S, Mechin MC, Takahara H, Kawada A, Nachat R, Serre G, Simon M: Comparative analysis of the mouse and human peptidylarginine deiminase gene clusters reveals highly conserved non-coding segments and a new human gene, PADI6. Gene. 2004 Apr 14;330:19-27. [PubMed ]
3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. ASAL
2. Arginosuccinase

MASESGKLWGGRFVGAVDPIMEKFNASIAYDRHLWEVDVQGSKAYSRGLEKAGLLTKAEM
DQILHGLDKVAEEWAQGTFKLNSNDEDIHTANERRLKELIGATAGKLHTGRSRNDQVVTD
LRLWMRQTCSTLSGLLWELIRTMVDRAEAERDVLFPGYTHLQRAQPIRWSHWILSHAVAL
TRDSERLLEVRKRINVLPLGSGAIAGNPLGVDRELLRAELNFGAITLNSMDATSERDFVA
EFLFWASLCMTHLSRMAEDLILYCTKEFSFVQLSDAYSTGSSLMPQKKNPDSLELIRSKA
GRVFGRCAGLLMTLKGLPSTYNKDLQEDKEAVFEVSDTMSAVLQVATGVISTLQIHQENM
GQALSPDMLATDLAYYLVRKGMPFRQAHEASGKAVFMAETKGVALNQLSLQELQTISPLF
SGDVICVWDYGHSVEQYGALGGTARSSVDWQIRQVRALLQAQQA

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )

• 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate = fumarate + L-arginine [RN:R01086]

• Lyase_1 (PF00206 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCTCGGAGAGTGGGAAGCTTTGGGGTGGCCGGTTTGTGGGTGCAGTGGACCCCATC
ATGGAGAAGTTCAACGCGTCCATTGCCTACGACCGGCACCTTTGGGAGGTGGATGTTCAA
GGCAGCAAAGCCTACAGCAGGGGCCTGGAGAAGGCAGGGCTCCTCACCAAGGCCGAGATG
GACCAGATACTCCATGGCCTAGACAAGGTGGCTGAGGAGTGGGCCCAGGGCACCTTCAAA
CTGAACTCCAATGATGAGGACATCCACACAGCCAATGAGCGCCGCCTGAAGGAGCTCATT
GGTGCAACGGCAGGGAAGCTGCACACGGGACGGAGCCGGAATGACCAGGTGGTCACAGAC
CTCAGGCTGTGGATGCGGCAGACCTGCTCCACGCTCTCGGGCCTCCTCTGGGAGCTCATT
AGGACCATGGTGGATCGGGCAGAGGCGGAACGTGATGTTCTCTTCCCGGGGTACACCCAT
TTGCAGAGGGCCCAGCCCATCCGCTGGAGCCACTGGATTCTGAGCCACGCCGTGGCACTG
ACCCGAGACTCTGAGCGGCTGCTGGAGGTGCGGAAGCGGATCAATGTCCTGCCCCTGGGG
AGTGGGGCCATTGCAGGCAATCCCCTGGGTGTGGACCGAGAGCTGCTCCGAGCAGAACTC
AACTTTGGGGCCATCACTCTCAACAGCATGGATGCCACTAGTGAGCGGGACTTTGTGGCC
GAGTTCCTGTTCTGGCGTTCGCTGTGCATGACCCATCTCAGCAGGATGGCCGAGGACCTC
ATCCTCTACTGCACCAAGGAATTCAGCTTCGTGCAGCTCTCAGATGCCTACAGCACGGGA
AGCAGCCTGATGCCCCAGAAGAAAAACCCCGACAGTTTGGAGCTGATCCGGAGCAAGGCT
GGGCGTGTGTTTGGGCGGTGTGCCGGGCTCCTGATGACCCTCAAGGGACTTCCCAGCACC
TACAACAAAGACTTACAGGAGGACAAGGAAGCTGTGTTTGAAGTGTCAGACACTATGAGT
GCCGTGCTCCAGGTGGCCACTGGCGTCATCTCTACGCTGCAGATTCACCAAGAGAACATG
GGACAGGCTCTCAGCCCCGACATGCTGGCCACTGACCTTGCCTATTACCTGGTCCGCAAA
GGGATGCCATTCCGCCAGGCCCATGAGGCCTCCGGGAAAGCTGTGTTCATGGCCGAGACC
AAGGGGGTCGCCCTCAACCAGCTGTCACTGCAGGAGCTGCAGACCATCAGCCCCCTGTTC
TCGGGCGACGTGATCTGCGTGTGGGACTACCGGCACAGTGTGGAGCAGTATGGTGCCCTG
GGCGGCACTGCGCGCTCCAGCGTCGACTGGCAAATCCGCCAGGTGCGGGCGCTACTGCAG
GCACAGCAGGCCTAG

1. Matuo S, Tatsuno M, Kobayashi K, Saheki T, Miyata T, Iwanaga S, Amaya Y, Mori M: Isolation of cDNA clones of human argininosuccinate lyase and corrected amino acid sequence. FEBS Lett. 1988 Jul 18;234(2):395-9. [PubMed ]
2. O'Brien WE, McInnes R, Kalumuck K, Adcock M: Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for human argininosuccinate lyase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Oct;83(19):7211-5. [PubMed ]
3. Todd S, McGill JR, McCombs JL, Moore CM, Weider I, Naylor SL: cDNA sequence, interspecies comparison, and gene mapping analysis of argininosuccinate lyase. Genomics. 1989 Jan;4(1):53-9. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Piatigorsky J, O'Brien WE, Norman BL, Kalumuck K, Wistow GJ, Borras T, Nickerson JM, Wawrousek EF: Gene sharing by delta-crystallin and argininosuccinate lyase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(10):3479-83. [PubMed ]
6. Zhao S, Xu W, Jiang W, Yu W, Lin Y, Zhang T, Yao J, Zhou L, Zeng Y, Li H, Li Y, Shi J, An W, Hancock SM, He F, Qin L, Chin J, Yang P, Chen X, Lei Q, Xiong Y, Guan KL: Regulation of cellular metabolism by protein lysine acetylation. Science. 2010 Feb 19;327(5968):1000-4. [PubMed ]
7. Turner MA, Simpson A, McInnes RR, Howell PL: Human argininosuccinate lyase: a structural basis for intragenic complementation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Aug 19;94(17):9063-8. [PubMed ]
8. Sampaleanu LM, Vallee F, Thompson GD, Howell PL: Three-dimensional structure of the argininosuccinate lyase frequently complementing allele Q286R. Biochemistry. 2001 Dec 25;40(51):15570-80. [PubMed ]
9. Barbosa P, Cialkowski M, O'Brien WE: Analysis of naturally occurring and site-directed mutations in the argininosuccinate lyase gene. J Biol Chem. 1991 Mar 15;266(8):5286-90. [PubMed ]
10. Walker DC, McCloskey DA, Simard LR, McInnes RR: Molecular analysis of human argininosuccinate lyase: mutant characterization and alternative splicing of the coding region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(24):9625-9. [PubMed ]
11. Kleijer WJ, Garritsen VH, Linnebank M, Mooyer P, Huijmans JG, Mustonen A, Simola KO, Arslan-Kirchner M, Battini R, Briones P, Cardo E, Mandel H, Tschiedel E, Wanders RJ, Koch HG: Clinical, enzymatic, and molecular genetic characterization of a biochemical variant type of argininosuccinic aciduria: prenatal and postnatal diagnosis in five unrelated families. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2002 Sep;25(5):399-410. [PubMed ]
12. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]
13. Trevisson E, Salviati L, Baldoin MC, Toldo I, Casarin A, Sacconi S, Cesaro L, Basso G, Burlina AB: Argininosuccinate lyase deficiency: mutational spectrum in Italian patients and identification of a novel ASL pseudogene. Hum Mutat. 2007 Jul;28(7):694-702. [PubMed ]

1. SIR2-like protein 6

MSVNYAAGLSPYADKGKCGLPEIFDPPEELERKVWELARLVWQSSSVVFHTGAGISTASG
IPDFRGPHGVWTMEERGLAPKFDTTFESARPTQTHMALVQLERVGLLRFLVSQNVDGLHV
RSGFPRDKLAELHGNMFVEECAKCKTQYVRDTVVGTMGLKATGRLCTVAKARGLRACRGE
LRDTILDWEDSLPDRDLALADEASRNADLSITLGTSLQIRPSGNLPLATKRRGGRLVIVN
LQPTKHDRHADLRIHGYVDEVMTRLMKHLGLEIPAWDGPRVLERALPPLPRPPTPKLEPK
EESPTRINGSIPAGPKQEPCAQHNGSEPASPKRERPTSPAPHRPPKRVKAKAVPS

• SIR2 (PF02146 )

• None

• None

ATGTCGGTGAATTACGCGGCGGGGCTGTCGCCGTACGCGGACAAGGGCAAGTGCGGCCTC
CCGGAGATCTTCGACCCCCCGGAGGAGCTGGAGCGGAAGGTGTGGGAACTGGCGAGGCTG
GTCTGGCAGTCTTCCAGTGTGGTGTTCCACACGGGTGCCGGCATCAGCACTGCCTCTGGC
ATCCCCGACTTCAGGGGTCCCCACGGAGTCTGGACCATGGAGGAGCGAGGTCTGGCCCCC
AAGTTCGACACCACCTTTGAGAGCGCGCGGCCCACGCAGACCCACATGGCGCTGGTGCAG
CTGGAGCGCGTGGGCCTCCTCCGCTTCCTGGTCAGCCAGAACGTGGACGGGCTCCATGTG
CGCTCAGGCTTCCCCAGGGACAAACTGGCAGAGCTCCACGGGAACATGTTTGTGGAAGAA
TGTGCCAAGTGTAAGACGCAGTACGTCCGAGACACAGTCGTGGGCACCATGGGCCTGAAG
GCCACGGGCCGGCTCTGCACCGTGGCTAAGGCAAGGGGGCTGCGAGCCTGCAGGGGAGAG
CTGAGGGACACCATCCTAGACTGGGAGGACTCCCTGCCCGACCGGGACCTGGCACTCGCC
GATGAGGCCAGCAGGAACGCCGACCTGTCCATCACGCTGGGTACATCGCTGCAGATCCGG
CCCAGCGGGAACCTGCCGCTGGCTACCAAGCGCCGGGGAGGCCGCCTGGTCATCGTCAAC
CTGCAGCCCACCAAGCACGACCGCCATGCTGACCTCCGCATCCATGGCTACGTTGACGAG
GTCATGACCCGGCTCATGGAGCACCTGGGGCTGGAGATCCCCGCCTGGGACGGCCCCCGT
GTGCTGGAGAGGGCGCTGCCACCCCTGCCCCGCCCGCCCACCCCCAAGCTGGAGCCCAAG
GAGGAATCTCCCACCCGGATCAACGGCTCTATCCCCGCCGGCCCCAAGCAGGAGCCCTGC
GCCCAGCACAACGGCTCAGAGCCCGCCAGCCCCAAACGGGAGCGGCCCACCAGCCCTGCC
CCCCACAGACCCCCCAAAAGGGTGAAGGCCAAGGCGGTCCCCAGCTGA

1. Frye RA: Phylogenetic classification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic Sir2-like proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Jul 5;273(2):793-8. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Grimwood J, Gordon LA, Olsen A, Terry A, Schmutz J, Lamerdin J, Hellsten U, Goodstein D, Couronne O, Tran-Gyamfi M, Aerts A, Altherr M, Ashworth L, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caenepeel S, Carrano A, Caoile C, Chan YM, Christensen M, Cleland CA, Copeland A, Dalin E, Dehal P, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Garcia C, Georgescu AM, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Ho I, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Larionov V, Leem SH, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Malfatti S, Martinez D, McCready P, Medina C, Morgan J, Nelson K, Nolan M, Ovcharenko I, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Popkie AP, Predki P, Quan G, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, She X, Smith D, Slezak T, Solovyev V, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wagner M, Wheeler J, Wu K, Xie G, Yang J, Dubchak I, Furey TS, DeJong P, Dickson M, Gordon D, Eichler EE, Pennacchio LA, Richardson P, Stubbs L, Rokhsar DS, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Lucas SM: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):529-35. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Michishita E, Park JY, Burneskis JM, Barrett JC, Horikawa I: Evolutionarily conserved and nonconserved cellular localizations and functions of human SIRT proteins. Mol Biol Cell. 2005 Oct;16(10):4623-35. Epub 2005 Aug 3. [PubMed ]
6. Michishita E, McCord RA, Berber E, Kioi M, Padilla-Nash H, Damian M, Cheung P, Kusumoto R, Kawahara TL, Barrett JC, Chang HY, Bohr VA, Ried T, Gozani O, Chua KF: SIRT6 is a histone H3 lysine 9 deacetylase that modulates telomeric chromatin. Nature. 2008 Mar 27;452(7186):492-6. Epub 2008 Mar 12. [PubMed ]
7. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
8. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
9. Kawahara TL, Michishita E, Adler AS, Damian M, Berber E, Lin M, McCord RA, Ongaigui KC, Boxer LD, Chang HY, Chua KF: SIRT6 links histone H3 lysine 9 deacetylation to NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression and organismal life span. Cell. 2009 Jan 9;136(1):62-74. [PubMed ]
10. Michishita E, McCord RA, Boxer LD, Barber MF, Hong T, Gozani O, Chua KF: Cell cycle-dependent deacetylation of telomeric histone H3 lysine K56 by human SIRT6. Cell Cycle. 2009 Aug 15;8(16):2664-6. Epub 2009 Aug 26. [PubMed ]

1. Mono(ADP-ribosyl)transferase 3
2. NAD(P)(+)--arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase 3

MKTGHFEIVTMLLATMILVDIFQVKAEVLDMADNAFDDEYLKCTDRMEIKYVPQLLKEEK
ASHQQLDTVWENAKAKWAARKTQIFLPMNFKDNHGIALMAYISEAQEQTPFYHLFSEAVK
MAGQSREDYIYGFQFKAFHFYLTRALQLLRKPCEASSKTVVYRTSQGTSFTFGGLNQARF
GHFTLAYSAKPQAANDQLTVLSIYTCLGVDIENFLDKESERITLIPLNEVFQVSQEGAGN
NLILQSINKTCSHYECAFLGGLKTENCIENLEYFQPIYVYNPGEKNQKLEDHSEKNWKLE
DHGEKNQKLEDHGVKILEPTQIPGMKIPEPFPLPEDKSQGNINNPTPGPVPVPGPKSHPS
ASSGKLLLPQFGMVIILISVSAINLFVAL

• NAD+ + protein L-arginine = nicotinamide + Nomega-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-protein-L-arginine [RN:R00555]

• ART (PF01129 )

• 1-26

• None

ATGAAGACGGGACATTTTGAAATAGTCACCATGCTGCTGGCAACCATGATTCTAGTGGAC
ATTTTCCAGGTGAAGGCTGAAGTGTTAGACATGGCAGATAATGCATTTGATGATGAATAC
CTGAAATGTACGGACAGGATGGAAATTAAATACGTTCCCCAACTGCTAAAGGAGGAAAAA
GCAAGCCACCAGCAATTAGATACTGTGTGGGAAAATGCAAAAGCCAAATGGGCAGCCCGA
AAGACTCAAATCTTTCTCCCTATGAATTTTAAGGATAACCATGGAATAGCCCTGATGGCA
TATATTTCCGAAGCTCAAGAGCAAACTCCCTTTTACCATCTGTTCAGTGAAGCTGTGAAG
ATGGCTGGCCAATCTCGAGAAGATTATATCTATGGCTTCCAGTTCAAAGCTTTCCACTTT
TACCTCACAAGAGCCCTGCAGTTGCTGAGAAAACCTTGTGAGGCCAGTTCCAAAACTGTG
GTATATAGAACAAGCCAGGGCACTTCATTTACATTTGGAGGGCTAAACCAAGCCAGGTTT
GGCCATTTTACCTTGGCATATTCAGCCAAACCTCAGGCTGCTAATGACCAGCTCACTGTG
TTATCCATCTACACATGCCTTGGAGTTGACATTGAAAATTTTCTTGATAAAGAAAGTGAA
AGAATTACTTTAATACCTCTGAATGAGGTTTTTCAAGTGTCACAGGAGGGGGCTGGCAAT
AACCTTATCCTTCAAAGCATAAACAAGACCTGCAGCCATTATGAGTGTGCATTTCTAGGT
GGACTAAAAACCGAAAACTGTATTGAGAACCTAGAATATTTTCAACCCATCTATGTCTAC
AACCCTGGTGAGAAAAACCAGAAGCTTGAAGACCATAGTGAGAAAAACTGGAAGCTTGAA
GACCATGGTGAGAAAAACCAGAAGCTTGAAGACCATGGTGTGAAAATCCTTGAACCCACC
CAAATACCTGGAATGAAAATTCCAGAACCTTTTCCACTACCTGAAGATAAAAGTCAAGGA
AATATCAACAATCCTACTCCAGGTCCAGTTCCTGTTCCAGGTCCCAAAAGCCATCCTTCT
GCATCCTTGGGCAAACTGCTGCTTCCACAGTTTGGGATGGTCATCATTTTAATCAGTGTT
TCTGCTATAAATCTCTTTGTTGCTCTGTAG

1. Levy I, Wu YQ, Roeckel N, Bulle F, Pawlak A, Siegrist S, Mattei MG, Guellaen G: Human testis specifically expresses a homologue of the rodent T lymphocytes RT6 mRNA. FEBS Lett. 1996 Mar 18;382(3):276-80. [PubMed ]
2. Koch-Nolte F, Haag F, Braren R, Kuhl M, Hoovers J, Balasubramanian S, Bazan F, Thiele HG: Two novel human members of an emerging mammalian gene family related to mono-ADP-ribosylating bacterial toxins. Genomics. 1997 Feb 1;39(3):370-6. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]

1. Mono(ADP-ribosyl)transferase 1
2. CD296 antigen

MQMPAMMSLLLVSVGLMEALQAQSHPITRRDLFSQEIQLDMALASFDDQYAGCAAAMTAA
LPDLNHTEFQANQVYADSWTLASSQWQERQARWPEWSLSPTRPSPPPLGFRDEHGVALLA
YTANSPLHKEFNAAVREAGRSRAHYLHHFSFKTLHFLLTEALQLLGSGQRPPRCHQVFRG
VHGLRFRPAGPRATVRLGGFASASLKHVAAQQFGEDTFFGIWTCLGAPIKGYSFFPGEEE
VLIPPFETFQVINASRLAQGPARIYLRALGKHSTYNCEYIKDKKCKSGPCHLDNSAMGQS
PLSAVWSLLLLLWFLVVRAFPDGPGLL

• NAD+ + protein L-arginine = nicotinamide + Nomega-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-protein-L-arginine [RN:R00555]

• ART (PF01129 )

• 1-22

• None

ATGCAGATGCCTGCTATGATGTCTCTGCTTCTTGTGTCTGTGGGCCTCATGGAAGCACTT
CAGGCCCAGAGCCACCCCATCACACGACGAGACCTCTTCTCTCAAGAGATTCAGCTGGAC
ATGGCCCTGGCCTCCTTTGATGACCAGTACGCTGGCTGTGCTGCTGCCATGACAGCTGCT
CTCCCGGATCTCAACCACACGGAGTTCCAGGCCAACCAGGTGTATGCAGACAGCTGGACA
CTGGCAAGCAGCCAATGGCAGGAGCGTCAGGCCAGGTGGCCAGAGTGGAGTCTCAGCCCC
ACCCGTCCATCCCCGCCACCCCTGGGCTTCCGCGATGAGCATGGGGTGGCCCTCCTGGCC
TACACAGCCAACAGCCCCCTGCACAAGGAGTTCAATGCAGCCGTGCGTGAGGCGGGCCGC
TCCCGGGCCCACTACCTCCACCACTTCTCCTTCAAGACACTCCATTTCCTGCTGACTGAG
GCCCTGCAGCTCCTGGGCAGCGGCCAGCGTCCACCCCGGTGCCACCAGGTGTTCCGAGGT
GTGCACGGCCTGCGCTTCCGGCCAGCAGGGCCCCGGGCCACCGTGAGGCTGGGGGGCTTT
GCTTCTGCCTCCCTGAAGCATGTTGCAGCCCAGCAGTTTGGTGAGGACACCTTCTTCGGC
ATCTGGACCTGCCTTGGGGCCCCTATCAAGGGCTACTCCTTCTTCCCTGGAGAGGAAGAG
GTGCTGATCCCCCCCTTTGAGACCTTCCAAGTGATCAATGCCAGCAGACTGGCCCAGGGC
CCCGCCCGCATCTACCTCCGAGCCCTGGGCAAGCACAGCACCTACAACTGCGAGTACATC
AAAGACAAGAAGTGCAAGTCTGGGCCTTGCCATCTGGATAATTCAGCCATGGGTCAGAGC
CCCCTCTCTGCAGTCTGGTCTTTGCTGCTGCTGCTCTGGTTCCTCGTGGTGAGGGCCTTT
CCAGATGGTCCAGGCCTCCTTTGA

1. Okazaki IJ, Zolkiewska A, Nightingale MS, Moss J: Immunological and structural conservation of mammalian skeletal muscle glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked ADP-ribosyltransferases. Biochemistry. 1994 Nov 1;33(43):12828-36. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]

1. Dombrock blood group carrier molecule
2. Mono(ADP-ribosyl)transferase 4
3. NAD(P)(+)--arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase 4
4. CD297 antigen

MGPLINRCKKILLPTTVPPATMRIWLLGGLLPFLLLLSGLQRPTEGSEVAIKIDFDFAPG
SFDDQYQGCSKQVMEKLTQGDYFTKDIEAQKNYFRMWQKAHLAWLNQGKVLPQNMTTTHA
VAILFYTLNSNVHSDFTRAMASVARTPQQYERSFHFKYLHYYLTSAIQLLRKDSIMENGT
LCYEVHYRTKDVHFNAYTGATIRFGQFLSTSLLKEEAQEFGNQTLFTIFTCLGAPVQYFS
LKKEVLIPPYELFKVINMSYHPRGNWLQLRSTGNLSTYNCQLLKASSKKCIPDPIAIASL
SFLTSVIIFSKSRV

• NAD+ + protein L-arginine = nicotinamide + Nomega-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-protein-L-arginine [RN:R00555]

• ART (PF01129 )

• 1-46

• None

ATGGGTCCATTGATCAACAGATGCAAGAAGATTCTTCTCCCAACTACTGTACCTCCTGCA
ACGATGAGAATCTGGCTCCTTGGAGGCCTGCTGCCATTCCTGCTGCTCCTCTCTGGCCTG
CAGAGACCCACAGAGGGTTCTGAGGTTGCAATTAAAATCGACTTCGACTTCGCACCAGGT
TCTTTTGATGATCAGTACCAAGGCTGTAGCAAACAGGTTATGGAGAAACTAACTCAAGGG
GATTATTTCACAAAAGACATAGAAGCCCAGAAGAATTATTTTAGGATGTGGCAAAAAGCC
CACTTAGCCTGGCTTAACCAAGGAAAAGTTCTACCCCAGAACATGACTACCACACACGCT
GTGGCTATTTTGTTTTACACATTGAACAGCAATGTTCATTCTGACTTTACTAGAGCCATG
GCCTCTGTTGCCAGGACTCCACAGCAGTATGAACGTTCATTCCACTTCAAATATTTACAC
TACTACCTCACCTCAGCAATCCAGCTGCTGAGGAAAGACAGCATCATGGAGAATGGCACT
CTGTGCTATGAGGTGCATTATAGGACGAAGGATGTCCACTTTAATGCCTACACAGGGGCC
ACCATTCGATTTGGCCAATTCCTTTCCACATCCCTCCTGAAAGAAGAGGCACAGGAGTTT
GGGAACCAGACACTATTTACCATATTCACCTGCCTGGGTGCACCTGTACAGTACTTCTCC
CTCAAGAAGGAAGTCTTGATCCCTCCCTATGAGCTGTTTAAAGTTATAAATATGAGCTAC
CACCCAAGAGGAAACTGGTTGCAGTTGAGGTCAACTGGGAACCTGAGCACATATAACTGT
CAGCTGCTAAAAGCTTCCAGCAAGAAATGCATCCCTGATCCTATAGCTATTGCATCTCTC
TCCTTTTTGACCAGTGTCATCATCTTTTCCAAAAGCAGAGTATAA

1. Gubin AN, Njoroge JM, Wojda U, Pack SD, Rios M, Reid ME, Miller JL: Identification of the dombrock blood group glycoprotein as a polymorphic member of the ADP-ribosyltransferase gene family. Blood. 2000 Oct 1;96(7):2621-7. [PubMed ]
2. Rios M, Hue-Roye K, Oyen R, Miller J, Reid ME: Insights into the Holley- and Joseph- phenotypes. Transfusion. 2002 Jan;42(1):52-8. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Koch-Nolte F, Haag F, Braren R, Kuhl M, Hoovers J, Balasubramanian S, Bazan F, Thiele HG: Two novel human members of an emerging mammalian gene family related to mono-ADP-ribosylating bacterial toxins. Genomics. 1997 Feb 1;39(3):370-6. [PubMed ]
5. Wu GG, Jin SZ, Deng ZH, Zhao TM: Polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers-based genotyping of the human Dombrock blood group DO1 and DO2 alleles and the DO gene frequencies in Chinese blood donors. Vox Sang. 2001 Jul;81(1):49-51. [PubMed ]

1. Hepatocyte NOS
2. HEP-NOS
3. Inducible NO synthase
4. Inducible NOS
5. iNOS
6. NOS type II

MACPWKFLFKTKFHQYAMNGEKDINNNVEKAPCATSSPVTQDDLQYHNLSKQQNESPQPL
VETGKKSPESLVKLDATPLSSPRHVRIKNWGSGMTFQDTLHHKAKGILTCRSKSCLGSIM
TPKSLTRGPRDKPTPPDELLPQAIEFVNQYYGSFKEAKIEEHLARVEAVTKEIETTGTYQ
LTGDELIFATKQAWRNAPRCIGRIQWSNLQVFDARSCSTAREMFEHICRHVRYSTNNGNI
RSAITVFPQRSDGKHDFRVWNAQLIRYAGYQMPDGSIRGDPANVEFTQLCIDLGWKPKYG
RFDVVPLVLQANGRDPELFEIPPDLVLEVAMEHPKYEWFRELELKWYALPAVANMLLEVG
GLEFPGCPFNGWYMGTEIGVRDFCDVQRYNILEEVGRRMGLETHKLASLWKDQAVVEINI
AVLHSFQKQNVTIMDHHSAAESFMKYMQNEYRSRGGCPADWIWLVPPMSGSITPVFHQEM
LNYVLSPFYYYQVEAWKTHVWQDEKRRPKRREIPLKVLVKAVLFACMLMRKTMASRVRVT
ILFATETGKSEALAWDLGALFSCAFNPKVVCMDKYRLSCLEEERLLLVVTSTFGNGDCPG
NGEKLKKSLFMLKELNNKFRYAVFGLGSSMYPRFCAFAHDIDQKLSHLGASQLTPMGEGD
ELSGQEDAFRSWAVQTFKAACETFDVRGKQHIQIPKLYTSNVTWDPHHYRLVQDSQPLDL
SKALSSMHAKNVFTMRLKSRQNLQSPTSSRATILVELSCEDGQGLNYLPGEHLGVCPGNQ
PALVQGILERVVDGPTPHQTVRLEALDESGSYWVSDKRLPPCSLSQALTYFLDITTPPTQ
LLLQKLAQVATEEPERQRLEALCQPSEYSKWKFTNSPTFLEVLEEFPSLRVSAGFLLSQL
PILKPRFYSISSSRDHTPTEIHLTVAVVTYHTRDGQGPLHHGVCSTWLNSLKPQDPVPCF
VRNASGFHLPEDPSHPCILIGPGTGIAPFRSFWQQRLHDSQHKGVRGGRMTLVFGCRRPD
EDHIYQEEMLEMAQKGVLHAVHTAYSRLPGKPKVYVQDILRQQLASEVLRVLHKEPGHLY
VCGDVRMARDVAHTLKQLVAAKLKLNEEQVEDYFFQLKSQKRYHEDIFGAVFPYEAKKDR
VAVQPSSLEMSAL

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )

• L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+ [RN:R00557]

• FAD_binding_1 (PF00667 )
• Flavodoxin_1 (PF00258 )
• NAD_binding_1 (PF00175 )
• NO_synthase (PF02898 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCTGTCCTTGGAAATTTCTGTTCAAGACCAAATTCCACCAGTATGCAATGAATGGG
GAAAAAGACATCAACAACAATGTGGAGAAAGCCCCCTGTGCCACCTCCAGTCCAGTGACA
CAGGATGACCTTCAGTATCACAACCTCAGCAAGCAGCAGAATGAGTCCCCGCAGCCCCTC
GTGGAGACGGGAAAGAAGTCTCCAGAATCTCTGGTCAAGCTGGATGCAACCCCATTGTCC
TCCCCACGGCATGTGAGGATCAAAAACTGGGGCAGCGGGATGACTTTCCAAGACACACTT
CACCATAAGGCCAAAGGGATTTTAACTTGCAGGTCCAAATCTTGCCTGGGGTCCATTATG
ACTCCCAAAAGTTTGACCAGAGGACCCAGGGACAAGCCTACCCCTCCAGATGAGCTTCTA
CCTCAAGCTATCGAATTTGTCAACCAATATTACGGCTCCTTCAAAGAGGCAAAAATAGAG
GAACATCTGGCCAGGGTGGAAGCGGTAACAAAGGAGATAGAAACAACAGGAACCTACCAA
CTGACGGGAGATGAGCTCATCTTCGCCACCAAGCAGGCCTGGCGCAATGCCCCACGCTGC
ATTGGGAGGATCCAGTGGTCCAACCTGCAGGTCTTCGATGCCCGCAGCTGTTCCACTGCC
CGGGAAATGTTTGAACACATCTGCAGACACGTGCGTTACTCCACCAACAATGGCAACATC
AGGTCGGCCATCACCGTGTTCCCCCAGCGGAGTGATGGCAAGCACGACTTCCGGGTGTGG
AATGCTCAGCTCATCCGCTATGCTGGCTACCAGATGCCAGATGGCAGCATCAGAGGGGAC
CCTGCCAACGTGGAATTCACTCAGCTGTGCATCGACCTGGGCTGGAAGCCCAAGTACGGC
CGCTTCGATGTGGTCCCCCTGGTCCTGCAGGCCAATGGCCGTGACCCTGAGCTCTTCGAA
ATCCCACCTGACCTTGTGCTTGAGGTGGCCATGGAACATCCCAAATACGAGTGGTTTCGG
GAACTGGAGCTAAAGTGGTACGCCCTGCCTGCAGTGGCCAACATGCTGCTTGAGGTGGGC
GGCCTGGAGTTCCCAGGGTGCCCCTTCAATGGCTGGTACATGGGCACAGAGATCGGAGTC
CGGGACTTCTGTGACGTCCAGCGCTACAACATCCTGGAGGAAGTGGGCAGGAGAATGGGC
CTGGAAACGCACAAGCTGGCCTCGCTCTGGAAAGACCAGGCTGTCGTTGAGATCAACATT
GCTGTGCTCCATAGTTTCCAGAAGCAGAATGTGACCATCATGGACCACCACTCGGCTGCA
GAATCCTTCATGAAGTACATGCAGAATGAATACCGGTCCCGTGGGGGCTGCCCGGCAGAC
TGGATTTGGCTGGTCCCTCCCATGTCTGGGAGCATCACCCCCGTGTTTCACCAGGAGATG
CTGAACTACGTCCTGTCCCCTTTCTACTACTATCAGGTAGAGGCCTGGAAAACCCATGTC
TGGCAGGACGAGAAGCGGAGACCCAAGAGAAGAGAGATTCCATTGAAAGTCTTGGTCAAA
GCTGTGCTCTTTGCCTGTATGCTGATGCGCAAGACAATGGCGTCCCGAGTCAGAGTCACC
ATCCTCTTTGCGACAGAGACAGGAAAATCAGAGGCGCTGGCCTGGGACCTGGGGGCCTTA
TTCAGCTGTGCCTTCAACCCCAAGGTTGTCTGCATGGATAAGTACAGGCTGAGCTGCCTG
GAGGAGGAACGGCTGCTGTTGGTGGTGACCAGTACGTTTGGCAATGGAGACTGCCCTGGC
AATGGAGAGAAACTGAAGAAATCGCTCTTCATGCTGAAAGAGCTCAACAACAAATTCAGG
TACGCTGTGTTTGGCCTCGGCTCCAGCATGTACCCTCGGTTCTGCGCCTTTGCTCATGAC
ATTGATCAGAAGCTGTCCCACCTGGGGGCCTCTCAGCTCACCCCGATGGGAGAAGGGGAT
GAGCTCAGTGGGCAGGAGGACGCCTTCCGCAGCTGGGCCGTGCAAACCTTCAAGGCAGCC
TGTGAGACGTTTGATGTCCGAGGCAAACAGCACATTCAGATCCCCAAGCTCTACACCTCC
AATGTGACCTGGGACCCGCACCACTACAGGCTCGTGCAGGACTCACAGCCTTTGGACCTC
AGCAAAGCCCTCAGCAGCATGCATGCCAAGAACGTGTTCACCATGAGGCTCAAATCTCGG
CAGAATCTACAAAGTCCGACATCCAGCCGTGCCACCATCCTGGTGGAACTCTCCTGTGAG
GATGGCCAAGGCCTGAACTACCTGCCGGGGGAGCACCTTGGGGTTTGCCCAGGCAACCAG
CCGGCCCTGGTCCAAGGCATCCTGGAGCGAGTGGTGGATGGCCCCACACCCCACCAGACA
GTGCGCCTGGAGGCCCTGGATGAGAGTGGCAGCTACTGGGTCAGTGACAAGAGGCTGCCC
CCCTGCTCACTCAGCCAGGCCCTCACCTACTTCCTGGACATCACCACACCCCCAACCCAG
CTGCTGCTCCAAAAGCTGGCCCAGGTGGCCACAGAAGAGCCTGAGAGACAGAGGCTGGAG
GCCCTGTGCCAGCCCTCAGAGTACAGCAAGTGGAAGTTCACCAACAGCCCCACATTCCTG
GAGGTGCTAGAGGAGTTCCCGTCCCTGCGGGTGTCTGCTGGCTTCCTGCTTTCCCAGCTC
CCCATTCTGAAGCCCAGGTTCTACTCCATCAGCTCCTCCCGGGATCACACGCCCACGGAG
ATCCACCTGACTGTGGCCGTGGTCACCTACCACACCCGAGATGGCCAGGGTCCCCTGCAC
CACGGCGTCTGCAGCACATGGCTCAACAGCCTGAAGCCCCAAGACCCAGTGCCCTGCTTT
GTGCGGAATGCCAGCGGCTTCCACCTCCCCGAGGATCCCTCCCATCCTTGCATCCTCATC
GGGCCTGGCACAGGCATCGCGCCCTTCCGCAGTTTCTGGCAGCAACGGCTCCATGACTCC
CAGCACAAGGGAGTGCGGGGAGGCCGCATGACCTTGGTGTTTGGGTGCCGCCGCCCAGAT
GAGGACCACATCTACCAGGAGGAGATGCTGGAGATGGCCCAGAAGGGGGTGCTGCATGCG
GTGCACACAGCCTATTCCCGCCTGCCTGGCAAGCCCAAGGTCTATGTTCAGGACATCCTG
CGGCAGCAGCTGGCCAGCGAGGTGCTCCGTGTGCTCCACAAGGAGCCAGGCCACCTCTAT
GTTTGCGGGGATGTGCGCATGGCCCGGGACGTGGCCCACACCCTGAAGCAGCTGGTGGCT
GCCAAGCTGAAATTGAATGAGGAGCAGGTCGAGGACTATTTCTTTCAGCTCAAGAGCCAG
AAGCGCTATCACGAAGATATCTTTGGTGCTGTATTTCCTTACGAGGCGAAGAAGGACAGG
GTGGCGGTGCAGCCCAGCAGCCTGGAGATGTCAGCGCTCTGA

1. Sherman PA, Laubach VE, Reep BR, Wood ER: Purification and cDNA sequence of an inducible nitric oxide synthase from a human tumor cell line. Biochemistry. 1993 Nov 2;32(43):11600-5. [PubMed ]
2. Geller DA, Lowenstein CJ, Shapiro RA, Nussler AK, Di Silvio M, Wang SC, Nakayama DK, Simmons RL, Snyder SH, Billiar TR: Molecular cloning and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase from human hepatocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Apr 15;90(8):3491-5. [PubMed ]
3. Charles IG, Palmer RM, Hickery MS, Bayliss MT, Chubb AP, Hall VS, Moss DW, Moncada S: Cloning, characterization, and expression of a cDNA encoding an inducible nitric oxide synthase from the human chondrocyte. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Dec 1;90(23):11419-23. [PubMed ]
4. Maier R, Bilbe G, Rediske J, Lotz M: Inducible nitric oxide synthase from human articular chondrocytes: cDNA cloning and analysis of mRNA expression. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Sep 21;1208(1):145-50. [PubMed ]
5. Park CS, Pardhasaradhi K, Gianotti C, Villegas E, Krishna G: Human retina expresses both constitutive and inducible isoforms of nitric oxide synthase mRNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Nov 30;205(1):85-91. [PubMed ]
6. Hokari A, Zeniya M, Esumi H: Cloning and functional expression of human inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) cDNA from a glioblastoma cell line A-172. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1994 Sep;116(3):575-81. [PubMed ]
7. Guo FH, De Raeve HR, Rice TW, Stuehr DJ, Thunnissen FB, Erzurum SC: Continuous nitric oxide synthesis by inducible nitric oxide synthase in normal human airway epithelium in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Aug 15;92(17):7809-13. [PubMed ]
8. Luss H, Li RK, Shapiro RA, Tzeng E, McGowan FX, Yoneyama T, Hatakeyama K, Geller DA, Mickle DA, Simmons RL, Billiar TR: Dedifferentiated human ventricular cardiac myocytes express inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA but not protein in response to IL-1, TNF, IFNgamma, and LPS. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1997 Apr;29(4):1153-65. [PubMed ]
9. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
10. McLay JS, Chatterjee P, Nicolson AG, Jardine AG, McKay NG, Ralston SH, Grabowski P, Haites NE, MacLeod AM, Hawksworth GM: Nitric oxide production by human proximal tubular cells: a novel immunomodulatory mechanism? Kidney Int. 1994 Oct;46(4):1043-9. [PubMed ]
11. Fujisawa H, Ogura T, Hokari A, Weisz A, Yamashita J, Esumi H: Inducible nitric oxide synthase in a human glioblastoma cell line. J Neurochem. 1995 Jan;64(1):85-91. [PubMed ]
12. Bloch KD, Wolfram JR, Brown DM, Roberts JD Jr, Zapol DG, Lepore JJ, Filippov G, Thomas JE, Jacob HJ, Bloch DB: Three members of the nitric oxide synthase II gene family (NOS2A, NOS2B, and NOS2C) colocalize to human chromosome 17. Genomics. 1995 Jun 10;27(3):526-30. [PubMed ]
13. Taylor BS, Alarcon LH, Billiar TR: Inducible nitric oxide synthase in the liver: regulation and function. Biochemistry (Mosc). 1998 Jul;63(7):766-81. [PubMed ]
14. Glynne PA, Darling KE, Picot J, Evans TJ: Epithelial inducible nitric-oxide synthase is an apical EBP50-binding protein that directs vectorial nitric oxide output. J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 6;277(36):33132-8. Epub 2002 Jun 21. [PubMed ]
15. Li H, Raman CS, Glaser CB, Blasko E, Young TA, Parkinson JF, Whitlow M, Poulos TL: Crystal structures of zinc-free and -bound heme domain of human inducible nitric-oxide synthase. Implications for dimer stability and comparison with endothelial nitric-oxide synthase. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jul 23;274(30):21276-84. [PubMed ]
16. Fischmann TO, Hruza A, Niu XD, Fossetta JD, Lunn CA, Dolphin E, Prongay AJ, Reichert P, Lundell DJ, Narula SK, Weber PC: Structural characterization of nitric oxide synthase isoforms reveals striking active-site conservation. Nat Struct Biol. 1999 Mar;6(3):233-42. [PubMed ]
17. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. Constitutive NOS
2. NC-NOS
3. NOS type I
4. Neuronal NOS
5. N-NOS
6. nNOS
7. bNOS

MEDHMFGVQQIQPNVISVRLFKRKVGGLGFLVKERVSKPPVIISDLIRGGAAEQSGLIQA
GDIILAVNGRPLVDLSYDSALEVLRGIASETHVVLILRGPEGFTTHLETTFTGDGTPKTI
RVTQPLGPPTKAVDLSHQPPAGKEQPLAVDGASGPGNGPQHAYDDGQEAGSLPHANGLAP
RPPGQDPAKKATRVSLQGRGENNELLKEIEPVLSLLTSGSRGVKGGAPAKAEMKDMGIQV
DRDLDGKSHKPLPLGVENDRVFNDLWGKGNVPVVLNNPYSEKEQPPTSGKQSPTKNGSPS
KCPRFLKVKNWETEVVLTDTLHLKSTLETGCTEYICMGSIMHPSQHARRPEDVRTKGQLF
PLAKEFIDQYYSSIKRFGSKAHMERLEEVNKEIDTTSTYQLKDTELIYGAKHAWRNASRC
VGRIQWSKLQVFDARDCTTAHGMFNYICNHVKYATNKGNLRSAITIFPQRTDGKHDFRVW
NSQLIRYAGYKQPDGSTLGDPANVQFTEICIQQGWKPPRGRFDVLPLLLQANGNDPELFQ
IPPELVLEVPIRHPKFEWFKDLGLKWYGLPAVSNMLLEIGGLEFSACPFSGWYMGTEIGV
RDYCDNSRYNILEEVAKKMNLDMRKTSSLWKDQALVEINIAVLYSFQSDKVTIVDHHSAT
ESFIKHMENEYRCRGGCPADWVWIVPPMSGSITPVFHQEMLNYRLTPSFEYQPDPWNTHV
WKGTNGTPTKRRAIGFKKLAEAVKFSAKLMGQAMAKRVKATILYATETGKSQAYAKTLCE
IFKHAFDAKVMSMEEYDIVHLEHETLVLVVTSTFGNGDPPENGEKFGCALMEMRHPNSVQ
EERKSYKVRFNSVSSYSDSQKSSGDGPDLRDNFESAGPLANVRFSVFGLGSRAYPHFCAF
GHAVDTLLEELGGERILKMREGDELCGQEEAFRTWAKKVFKAACDVFCVGDDVNIEKANN
SLISNDRSWKRNKFRLTFVAEAPELTQGLSNVHKKRVSAARLLSRQNLQSPKSSRSTIFV
RLHTNGSQELQYQPGDHLGVFPGNHEDLVNALIERLEDAPPVNQMVKVELLEERNTALGV
ISNWTDELRLPPCTIFQAFKYYLDITTPPTPLQLQQFASLATSEKEKQRLLVLSKGLQEY
EEWKWGKNPTIVEVLEEFPSIQMPATLLLTQLSLLQPRYYSISSSPDMYPDEVHLTVAIV
SYRTRDGEGPIHHGVCSSWLNRIQADELVPCFVRGAPSFHLPRNPQVPCILVGPGTGIAP
FRSFWQQRQFDIQHKGMNPCPMVLVFGCRQSKIDHIYREETLQAKNKGVFRELYTAYSRE
PDKPKKYVQDILQEQLAESVYRALKEQGGHIYVCGDVTMAADVLKAIQRIMTQQGKLSAE
DAGVFISRMRDDNRYHEDIFGVTLRTYEVTNRLRSESIAFIEESKKDTDEVFSS

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )

• L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+ [RN:R00557]

• FAD_binding_1 (PF00667 )
• Flavodoxin_1 (PF00258 )
• NAD_binding_1 (PF00175 )
• NO_synthase (PF02898 )
• PDZ (PF00595 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGGATCACATGTTCGGTGTTCAGCAAATCCAGCCCAATGTCATTTCTGTTCGTCTC
TTCAAGCGCAAAGTTGGGGGCCTGGGATTTCTGGTGAAGGAGCGGGTCAGTAAGCCGCCC
GTGATCATCTCTGACCTGATTCGTGGGGGCGCCGCAGAGCAGAGTGGCCTCATCCAGGCC
GGAGACATCATTCTTGCGGTCAACGGCCGGCCCTTGGTGGACCTGAGCTATGACAGCGCC
CTGGAGGTACTCAGAGGCATTGCCTCTGAGACCCACGTGGTCCTCATTCTGAGGGGCCCT
GAAGGTTTCACCACGCACCTGGAGACCACCTTTACAGGTGATGGGACCCCCAAGACCATC
CGGGTGACACAGCCCCTGGGTCCCCCCACCAAAGCCGTGGATCTGTCCCACCAGCCACCG
GCCGGCAAAGAACAGCCCCTGGCAGTGGATGGGGCCTCGGGTCCCGGGAATGGGCCTCAG
CATGCCTACGATGATGGGCAGGAGGCTGGCTCACTCCCCCATGCCAACGGCCTGGCCCCC
AGGCCCCCAGGCCAGGACCCCGCGAAGAAAGCAACCAGAGTCAGCCTCCAAGGCAGAGGG
GAGAACAATGAACTGCTCAAGGAGATAGAGCCTGTGCTGAGCCTTCTCACCAGTGGGAGC
AGAGGGGTCAAGGGAGGGGCACCTGCCAAGGCAGAGATGAAAGATATGGGAATCCAGGTG
GACAGAGATTTGGACGGCAAGTCACACAAACCTCTGCCCCTCGGCGTGGAGAACGACCGA
GTCTTCAATGACCTATGGGGGAAGGGCAATGTGCCTGTCGTCCTCAACAACCCATATTCA
GAGAAGGAGCAGCCCCCCACCTCAGGAAAACAGTCCCCCACAAAGAATGGCAGCCCCTCC
AAGTGTCCACGCTTCCTCAAGGTCAAGAACTGGGAGACTGAGGTGGTTCTCACTGACACC
CTCCACCTTAAGAGCACATTGGAAACGGGATGCACTGAGTACATCTGCATGGGCTCCATC
ATGCATCCTTCTCAGCATGCAAGGAGGCCTGAAGACGTCCGCACAAAAGGACAGCTCTTC
CCTCTCGCCAAAGAGTTTATTGATCAATACTATTCATCAATTAAAAGATTTGGCTCCAAA
GCCCACATGGAAAGGCTGGAAGAGGTGAACAAAGAGATCGACACCACTAGCACTTACCAG
CTCAAGGACACAGAGCTCATCTATGGGGCCAAGCACGCCTGGCGGAATGCCTCGCGCTGT
GTGGGCAGGATCCAGTGGTCCAAGCTGCAGGTATTCGATGCCCGTGACTGCACCACGGCC
CACGGGATGTTCAACTACATCTGTAACCATGTCAAGTATGCCACCAACAAAGGGAACCTC
AGGTCTGCCATCACCATATTCCCCCAGAGGACAGACGGCAAGCACGACTTCCGAGTCTGG
AACTCCCAGCTCATCCGCTACGCTGGCTACAAGCAGCCTGACGGCTCCACCCTGGGGGAC
CCAGCCAATGTGCAGTTCACAGAGATATGCATACAGCAGGGCTGGAAACCGCCTAGAGGC
CGCTTCGATGTCCTGCCGCTCCTGCTTCAGGCCAACGGCAATGACCCTGAGCTCTTCCAG
ATTCCTCCAGAGCTGGTGTTGGAAGTTCCCATCAGGCACCCCAAGTTTGAGTGGTTCAAG
GACCTGGGGCTGAAGTGGTACGGCCTCCCCGCCGTGTCCAACATGCTCCTAGAGATTGGC
GGCCTGGAGTTCAGCGCCTGTCCCTTCAGTGGCTGGTACATGGGCACAGAGATTGGTGTC
CGCGACTACTGTGACAACTCCCGCTACAATATCCTGGAGGAAGTGGCCAAGAAGATGAAC
TTAGACATGAGGAAGACGTCCTCCCTGTGGAAGGACCAGGCGCTGGTGGAGATCAATATC
GCGGTTCTCTATAGCTTCCAGAGTGACAAAGTGACCATTGTTGACCATCACTCCGCCACC
GAGTCCTTCATTAAGCACATGGAGAATGAGTACCGCTGCCGGGGGGGCTGCCCTGCCGAC
TGGGTGTGGATCGTGCCCCCCATGTCCGGAAGCATCACCCCTGTGTTCCACCAGGAGATG
CTCAACTACCGGCTCACCCCCTCCTTCGAATACCAGCCTGATCCCTGGAACACGCATGTC
TGGAAAGGCACCAACGGGACCCCCACAAAGCGGCGAGCCATCGGCTTCAAGAAGCTAGCA
GAAGCTGTCAAGTTCTCGGCCAAGCTGATGGGGCAGGCTATGGCCAAGAGGGTGAAAGCG
ACCATCCTCTATGCCACAGAGACAGGCAAATCGCAAGCTTATGCCAAGACCTTGTGTGAG
ATCTTCAAACACGCCTTTGATGCCAAGGTGATGTCCATGGAAGAATATGACATTGTGCAC
CTGGAACATGAAACTCTGGTCCTTGTGGTCACCAGCACCTTTGGCAATGGAGATCCCCCT
GAGAATGGGGAGAAATTCGGCTGTGCTTTGATGGAAATGAGGCACCCCAACTCTGTGCAG
GAAGAAAGGAAGAGCTACAAGGTCCGATTCAACAGCGTCTCCTCCTACTCTGACTCCCAA
AAATCATCAGGCGATGGGCCCGACCTCAGAGACAACTTTGAGAGTGCTGGACCCCTGGCC
AATGTGAGGTTCTCAGTTTTTGGCCTCGGCTCACGAGCATACCCTCACTTTTGCGCCTTC
GGACACGCTGTGGACACCCTCCTGGAAGAACTGGGAGGGGAGAGGATCCTGAAGATGAGG
GAAGGGGATGAGCTCTGTGGGCAGGAAGAGGCTTTCAGGACCTGGGCCAAGAAGGTCTTC
AAGGCAGCCTGTGATGTCTTCTGTGTGGGAGATGATGTCAACATTGAAAAGGCCAACAAT
TCCCTCATCAGCAATGATCGCAGCTGGAAGAGAAACAAGTTCCGCCTCACCTTTGTGGCC
GAAGCTCCAGAACTCACACAAGGTCTATCCAATGTCCACAAAAAGCGAGTCTCAGCTGCC
CGGCTCCTTAGCCGTCAAAACCTCCAGAGCCCTAAATCCAGTCGGTCAACTATCTTCGTG
CGTCTCCACACCAACGGGAGCCAGGAGCTGCAGTACCAGCCTGGGGACCACCTGGGTGTC
TTCCCTGGCAACCACGAGGACCTCGTGAATGCCCTGATCGAGCGGCTGGAGGACGCGCCG
CCTGTCAACCAGATGGTGAAAGTGGAACTGCTGGAGGAGCGGAACACGGCTTTAGGTGTC
ATCAGTAACTGGACAGACGAGCTCCGCCTCCCGCCCTGCACCATCTTCCAGGCCTTCAAG
TACTACCTGGACATCACCACGCCACCAACGCCTCTGCAGCTGCAGCAGTTTGCCTCCCTA
GCTACCAGCGAGAAGGAGAAGCAGCGTCTGCTGGTCCTCAGCAAGGGTTTGCAGGAGTAC
GAGGAATGGAAATGGGGCAAGAACCCCACCATCGTGGAGGTGCTGGAGGAGTTCCCATCT
ATCCAGATGCCGGCCACCCTGCTCCTGACCCAGCTGTCCCTGCTGCAGCCCCGCTACTAT
TCCATCAGCTCCTCCCCAGACATGTACCCTGATGAAGTGCACCTCACTGTGGCCATCGTT
TCCTACCGCACTCGAGATGGAGAAGGACCAATTCACCACGGCGTATGCTCCTCCTGGCTC
AACCGGATACAGGCTGACGAACTGGTCCCCTGTTTCGTGAGAGGAGCACCCAGCTTCCAC
CTGCCCCGGAACCCCCAAGTCCCCTGCATCCTCGTTGGACCAGGCACCGGCATTGCCCCT
TTCCGAAGCTTCTGGCAACAGCGGCAATTTGATATCCAACACAAAGGAATGAACCCCTGC
CCCATGGTCCTGGTCTTCGGGTGCCGGCAATCCAAGATAGATCATATCTACAGGGAAGAG
ACCCTGCAGGCCAAGAACAAGGGGGTCTTCAGAGAGCTGTACACGGCTTACTCCCGGGAG
CCAGACAAACCAAAGAAGTACGTGCAGGACATCCTGCAGGAGCAGCTGGCGGAGTCTGTG
TACCGAGCCCTGAAGGAGCAAGGGGGCCACATATACGTCTGTGGGGACGTCACCATGGCT
GCTGATGTCCTCAAAGCCATCCAGCGCATCATGACCCAGCAGGGGAAGCTCTCGGCAGAG
GACGCCGGCGTATTCATCAGCCGGATGAGGGATGACAACCGATACCATGAGGATATTTTT
GGAGTCACCCTGCGAACGTACGAAGTGACCAACCGCCTTAGATCTGAGTCCATTGCCTTC
ATTGAAGAGAGCAAAAAAGACACCGATGAGGTTTTCAGCTCCTAA

1. Hall AV, Antoniou H, Wang Y, Cheung AH, Arbus AM, Olson SL, Lu WC, Kau CL, Marsden PA: Structural organization of the human neuronal nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS1). J Biol Chem. 1994 Dec 30;269(52):33082-90. [PubMed ]
2. Fujisawa H, Ogura T, Kurashima Y, Yokoyama T, Yamashita J, Esumi H: Expression of two types of nitric oxide synthase mRNA in human neuroblastoma cell lines. J Neurochem. 1994 Jul;63(1):140-5. [PubMed ]
3. Nakane M, Schmidt HH, Pollock JS, Forstermann U, Murad F: Cloned human brain nitric oxide synthase is highly expressed in skeletal muscle. FEBS Lett. 1993 Jan 25;316(2):175-80. [PubMed ]
4. Park CS, Gianotti C, Park R, Krishna G: Neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase is expressed at low levels in human retina. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 1996 Aug;16(4):499-515. [PubMed ]
5. Wang Y, Goligorsky MS, Lin M, Wilcox JN, Marsden PA: A novel, testis-specific mRNA transcript encoding an NH2-terminal truncated nitric-oxide synthase. J Biol Chem. 1997 Apr 25;272(17):11392-401. [PubMed ]

1. Constitutive NOS
2. cNOS
3. EC-NOS
4. Endothelial NOS
5. eNOS
6. NOS type III
7. NOSIII

MGNLKSVAQEPGPPCGLGLGLGLGLCGKQGPATPAPEPSRAPASLLPPAPEHSPPSSPLT
QPPEGPKFPRVKNWEVGSITYDTLSAQAQQDGPCTPRRCLGSLVFPRKLQGRPSPGPPAP
EQLLSQARDFINQYYSSIKRSGSQAHEQRLQEVEAEVAATGTYQLRESELVFGAKQAWRN
APRCVGRIQWGKLQVFDARDCRSAQEMFTYICNHIKYATNRGNLRSAITVFPQRCPGRGD
FRIWNSQLVRYAGYRQQDGSVRGDPANVEITELCIQHGWTPGNGRFDVLPLLLQAPDEPP
ELFLLPPELVLEVPLEHPTLEWFAALGLRWYALPAVSNMLLEIGGLEFPAAPFSGWYMST
EIGTRNLCDPHRYNILEDVAVCMDLDTRTTSSLWKDKAAVEINVAVLHSYQLAKVTIVDH
HAATASFMKHLENEQKARGGCPADWAWIVPPISGSLTPVFHQEMVNYFLSPAFRYQPDPW
KGSAAKGTGITRKKTFKEVANAVKISASLMGTVMAKRVKATILYGSETGRAQSYAQQLGR
LFRKAFDPRVLCMDEYDVVSLEHETLVLVVTSTFGNGDPPENGESFAAALMEMSGPYNSS
PRPEQHKSYKIRFNSISCSDPLVSSWRRKRKESSNTDSAGALGTLRFCVFGLGSRAYPHF
CAFARAVDTRLEELGGERLLQLGQGDELCGQEEAFRGWAQAAFQAACETFCVGEDAKAAA
RDIFSPKRSWKRQRYRLSAQAEGLQLLPGLIHVHRRKMFQATIRSVENLQSSKSTRATIL
VRLDTGGQEGLQYQPGDHIGVCPPNRPGLVEALLSRVEDPPAPTEPVAVEQLEKGSPGGP
PPGWVRDPRLPPCTLRQALTFFLDITSPPSPQLLRLLSTLAEEPREQQELEALSQDPRRY
EEWKWFRCPTLLEVLEQFPSVALPAPLLLTQLPLLQPRYYSVSSAPSTHPGEIHLTVAVL
AYRTQDGLGPLHYGVCSTWLSQLKPGDPVPCFIRGAPSFRLPPDPSLPCILVGPGTGIAP
FRGFWQERLHDIESKGLQPTPMTLVFGCRCSQLDHLYRDEVQNAQQRGVFGRVLTAFSRE
PDNPKTYVQDILRTELAAEVHRVLCLERGHMFVCGDVTMATNVLQTVQRILATEGDMELD
EAGDVIGVLRDQQRYHEDIFGLTLRTQEVTSRIRTQSFSLQERQLRGAVPWAFDPPGSDT
NSP

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )

• L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+ [RN:R00557]

• FAD_binding_1 (PF00667 )
• Flavodoxin_1 (PF00258 )
• NAD_binding_1 (PF00175 )
• NO_synthase (PF02898 )

• None

• None

ATGGGCAACTTGAAGAGCGTGGCCCAGGAGCCTGGGCCACCCTGCGGCCTGGGGCTGGGG
CTGGGCCTTGGGCTGTGCGGCAAGCAGGGCCCAGCCACCCCGGCCCCTGAGCCCAGCCGG
GCCCCAGCATCCCTACTCCCACCAGCGCCAGAACACAGCCCCCCGAGCTCCCCGCTAACC
CAGCCCCCAGAGGGGCCCAAGTTCCCTCGTGTGAAGAACTGGGAGGTGGGGAGCATCACC
TATGACACCCTCAGCGCCCAGGCGCAGCAGGATGGGCCCTGCACCCCAAGACGCTGCCTG
GGCTCCCTGGTATTTCCACGGAAACTACAGGGCCGGCCCTCCCCCGGCCCCCCGGCCCCT
GAGCAGCTGCTGAGTCAGGCCCGGGACTTCATCAACCAGTACTACAGCTCCATTAAGAGG
AGCGGCTCCCAGGCCCACGAACAGCGGCTTCAAGAGGTGGAAGCCGAGGTGGCAGCCACA
GGCACCTACCAGCTTAGGGAGAGCGAGCTGGTGTTCGGGGCTAAGCAGGCCTGGCGCAAC
GCTCCCCGCTGCGTGGGCCGGATCCAGTGGGGGAAGCTGCAGGTGTTCGATGCCCGGGAC
TGCAGGTCTGCACAGGAAATGTTCACCTACATCTGCAACCACATCAAGTATGCCACCAAC
CGGGGCAACCTTCGCTCGGCCATCACAGTGTTCCCGCAGCGCTGCCCTGGCCGAGGAGAC
TTCCGAATCTGGAACAGCCAGCTGGTGCGCTACGCGGGCTACCGGCAGCAGGACGGCTCT
GTGCGGGGGGACCCAGCCAACGTGGAGATCACCGAGCTCTGCATTCAGCACGGCTGGACC
CCAGGAAACGGTCGCTTCGACGTGCTGCCCCTGCTGCTGCAGGCCCCAGATGAGCCCCCA
GAACTCTTCCTTCTGCCCCCCGAGCTGGTCCTTGAGGTGCCCCTGGAGCACCCCACGCTG
GAGTGGTTTGCAGCCCTGGGCCTGCGCTGGTACGCCCTCCCGGCAGTGTCCAACATGCTG
CTGGAAATTGGGGGCCTGGAGTTCCCCGCAGCCCCCTTCAGTGGCTGGTACATGAGCACT
GAGATCGGCACGAGGAACCTGTGTGACCCTCACCGCTACAACATCCTGGAGGATGTGGCT
GTCTGCATGGACCTGGATACCCGGACCACCTCGTCCCTGTGGAAAGACAAGGCAGCAGTG
GAAATCAACGTGGCCGTGCTGCACAGTTACCAGCTAGCCAAAGTCACCATCGTGGACCAC
CACGCCGCCACGGCCTCTTTCATGAAGCACCTGGAGAATGAGCAGAAGGCCAGGGGGGGC
TGCCCTGCAGACTGGGCCTGGATCGTGCCCCCCATCTCGGGCAGCCTCACTCCTGTTTTC
CATCAGGAGATGGTCAACTATTTCCTGTCCCCGGCCTTCCGCTACCAGCCAGACCCCTGG
AAGGGGAGTGCCGCCAAGGGCACCGGCATCACCAGGAAGAAGACCTTTAAAGAAGTGGCC
AACGCCGTGAAGATCTCCGCCTCGCTCATGGGCACGGTGATGGCGAAGCGAGTGAAGGCG
ACAATCCTGTATGGCTCCGAGACCGGCCGGGCCCAGAGCTACGCACAGCAGCTGGGGAGA
CTCTTCCGGAAGGCTTTTGATCCCCGGGTCCTGTGTATGGATGAGTATGACGTGGTGTCC
CTCGAACACGAGACGCTGGTGCTGGTGGTAACCAGCACATTTGGGAATGGGGATCCCCCG
GAGAATGGAGAGAGCTTTGCAGCTGCCCTGATGGAGATGTCCGGCCCCTACAACAGCTCC
CCTCGGCCGGAACAGCACAAGAGTTATAAGATCCGCTTCAACAGCATCTCCTGCTCAGAC
CCACTGGTGTCCTCTTGGCGGCGGAAGAGGAAGGAGTCCAGTAACACAGACAGTGCAGGG
GCCCTGGGCACCCTCAGGTTCTGTGTGTTCGGGCTCGGCTCCCGGGCATACCCCCACTTC
TGCGCCTTTGCTCGTGCCGTGGACACACGGCTGGAGGAACTGGGCGGGGAGCGGCTGCTG
CAGCTGGGCCAGGGCGACGAGCTGTGCGGCCAGGAGGAGGCCTTCCGAGGCTGGGCCCAG
GCTGCCTTCCAGGCCGCCTGTGAGACCTTCTGTGTGGGAGAGGATGCCAAGGCCGCCGCC
CGAGACATCTTCAGCCCCAAACGGAGCTGGAAGCGCCAGAGGTACCGGCTGAGCGCCCAG
GCCGAGGGCCTGCAGTTGCTGCCAGGTCTGATCCACGTGCACAGGCGGAAGATGTTCCAG
GCTACAATCCGCTCAGTGGAAAACCTGCAAAGCAGCAAGTCCACGAGGGCCACCATCCTG
GTGCGCCTGGACACCGGAGGCCAGGAGGGGCTGCAGTACCAGCCGGGGGACCACATAGGT
GTCTGCCCGCCCAACCGGCCCGGCCTTGTGGAGGCGCTGCTGAGCCGCGTGGAGGACCCG
CCGGCGCCCACTGAGCCCGTGGCAGTAGAGCAGCTGGAGAAGGGCAGCCCTGGTGGCCCT
CCCCCCGGCTGGGTGCGGGACCCCCGGCTGCCCCCGTGCACGCTGCGCCAGGCTCTCACC
TTCTTCCTGGACATCACCTCCCCACCCAGCCCTCAGCTCTTGCGGCTGCTCAGCACCTTG
GCAGAAGAGCCCAGGGAACAGCAGGAGCTGGAGGCCCTCAGCCAGGATCCCCGACGCTAC
GAGGAGTGGAAGTGGTTCCGCTGCCCCACGCTGCTGGAGGTGCTGGAGCAGTTCCCGTCG
GTGGCGCTGCCTGCCCCACTGCTCCTCACCCAGCTGCCTCTGCTCCAGCCCCGGTACTAC
TCAGTCAGCTCGGCACCCAGCACCCACCCAGGAGAGATCCACCTCACTGTAGCTGTGCTG
GCATACAGGACTCAGGATGGGCTGGGCCCCCTGCACTATGGAGTCTGCTCCACGTGGCTA
AGCCAGCTCAAGCCCGGAGACCCTGTGCCCTGCTTCATCCGGGGGGCTCCCTCCTTCCGG
CTGCCACCCGATCCCAGCTTGCCCTGCATCCTGGTGGGTCCAGGCACTGGCATTGCCCCC
TTCCGGGGATTCTGGCAGGAGCGGCTGCATGACATTGAGAGCAAAGGGCTGCAGCCCACT
CCCATGACTTTGGTGTTCGGCTGCCGATGCTCCCAACTTGACCATCTCTACCGCGACGAG
GTGCAGAACGCCCAGCAGCGCGGGGTGTTTGGCCGAGTCCTCACCGCCTTCTCCCGGGAA
CCTGACAACCCCAAGACCTACGTGCAGGACATCCTGAGGACGGAGCTGGCTGCGGAGGTG
CACCGCGTGCTGTGCCTCGAGCGGGGCCACATGTTTGTCTGCGGCGATGTTACCATGGCA
ACCAACGTCCTGCAGACCGTGCAGCGCATCCTGGCGACGGAGGGCGACATGGAGCTGGAC
GAGGCCGGCGACGTCATCGGCGTGCTGCGGGATCAGCAACGCTACCACGAAGACATTTTC
GGGCTCACGCTGCGCACCCAGGAGGTGACAAGCCGCATACGCACCCAGAGCTTTTCCTTG
CAGGAGCGTCAGTTGCGGGGCGCAGTGCCCTGGGCGTTCGACCCTCCCGGCTCAGACACC
AACAGCCCCTGA

1. Janssens SP, Shimouchi A, Quertermous T, Bloch DB, Bloch KD: Cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding human endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide synthase. J Biol Chem. 1992 Jul 25;267(21):14519-22. [PubMed ]
2. Marsden PA, Schappert KT, Chen HS, Flowers M, Sundell CL, Wilcox JN, Lamas S, Michel T: Molecular cloning and characterization of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase. FEBS Lett. 1992 Aug 3;307(3):287-93. [PubMed ]
3. Marsden PA, Heng HH, Scherer SW, Stewart RJ, Hall AV, Shi XM, Tsui LC, Schappert KT: Structure and chromosomal localization of the human constitutive endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene. J Biol Chem. 1993 Aug 15;268(23):17478-88. [PubMed ]
4. Nadaud S, Bonnardeaux A, Lathrop M, Soubrier F: Gene structure, polymorphism and mapping of the human endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Feb 15;198(3):1027-33. [PubMed ]
5. Miyahara K, Kawamoto T, Sase K, Yui Y, Toda K, Yang LX, Hattori R, Aoyama T, Yamamoto Y, Doi Y, et al.: Cloning and structural characterization of the human endothelial nitric-oxide-synthase gene. Eur J Biochem. 1994 Aug 1;223(3):719-26. [PubMed ]
6. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
7. Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Graves TA, Pepin KH, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Maas J, Jaeger S, Walker R, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, O'Laughlin MD, Schaller ME, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Cordes M, Du H, Sun H, Edwards J, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Andrews S, Isak A, Vanbrunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Lamar B, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Bielicki L, Scott K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Harris A, Strong CM, Hou S, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Leonard S, Rohlfing T, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Abbott A, Minx P, Maupin R, Strowmatt C, Latreille P, Miller N, Johnson D, Murray J, Woessner JP, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Schultz BR, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Nelson JO, Berkowicz N, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Bedell JA, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Chissoe SL, Marra MA, Raymond C, Haugen E, Gillett W, Zhou Y, James R, Phelps K, Iadanoto S, Bubb K, Simms E, Levy R, Clendenning J, Kaul R, Kent WJ, Furey TS, Baertsch RA, Brent MR, Keibler E, Flicek P, Bork P, Suyama M, Bailey JA, Portnoy ME, Torrents D, Chinwalla AT, Gish WR, Eddy SR, McPherson JD, Olson MV, Eichler EE, Green ED, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. Nature. 2003 Jul 10;424(6945):157-64. [PubMed ]
8. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
9. Robinson LJ, Weremowicz S, Morton CC, Michel T: Isolation and chromosomal localization of the human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene. Genomics. 1994 Jan 15;19(2):350-7. [PubMed ]
10. Sase K, Michel T: Expression of constitutive endothelial nitric oxide synthase in human blood platelets. Life Sci. 1995;57(22):2049-55. [PubMed ]
11. Garvey EP, Tuttle JV, Covington K, Merrill BM, Wood ER, Baylis SA, Charles IG: Purification and characterization of the constitutive nitric oxide synthase from human placenta. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1994 Jun;311(2):235-41. [PubMed ]
12. Dedio J, Konig P, Wohlfart P, Schroeder C, Kummer W, Muller-Esterl W: NOSIP, a novel modulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity. FASEB J. 2001 Jan;15(1):79-89. [PubMed ]
13. Zimmermann K, Opitz N, Dedio J, Renne C, Muller-Esterl W, Oess S: NOSTRIN: a protein modulating nitric oxide release and subcellular distribution of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):17167-72. Epub 2002 Nov 21. [PubMed ]
14. Icking A, Matt S, Opitz N, Wiesenthal A, Muller-Esterl W, Schilling K: NOSTRIN functions as a homotrimeric adaptor protein facilitating internalization of eNOS. J Cell Sci. 2005 Nov 1;118(Pt 21):5059-69. Epub 2005 Oct 18. [PubMed ]
15. Schleicher M, Brundin F, Gross S, Muller-Esterl W, Oess S: Cell cycle-regulated inactivation of endothelial NO synthase through NOSIP-dependent targeting to the cytoskeleton. Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Sep;25(18):8251-8. [PubMed ]
16. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed ]
17. Fischmann TO, Hruza A, Niu XD, Fossetta JD, Lunn CA, Dolphin E, Prongay AJ, Reichert P, Lundell DJ, Narula SK, Weber PC: Structural characterization of nitric oxide synthase isoforms reveals striking active-site conservation. Nat Struct Biol. 1999 Mar;6(3):233-42. [PubMed ]
18. Rosenfeld RJ, Garcin ED, Panda K, Andersson G, Aberg A, Wallace AV, Morris GM, Olson AJ, Stuehr DJ, Tainer JA, Getzoff ED: Conformational changes in nitric oxide synthases induced by chlorzoxazone and nitroindazoles: crystallographic and computational analyses of inhibitor potency. Biochemistry. 2002 Nov 26;41(47):13915-25. [PubMed ]
19. Yoshimura M, Yasue H, Nakayama M, Shimasaki Y, Sumida H, Sugiyama S, Kugiyama K, Ogawa H, Ogawa Y, Saito Y, Miyamoto Y, Nakao K: A missense Glu298Asp variant in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene is associated with coronary spasm in the Japanese. Hum Genet. 1998 Jul;103(1):65-9. [PubMed ]
20. Sofowora G, Dishy V, Xie HG, Imamura H, Nishimi Y, Morales CR, Morrow JD, Kim RB, Stein CM, Wood AJ: In-vivo effects of Glu298Asp endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphism. Pharmacogenetics. 2001 Dec;11(9):809-14. [PubMed ]
21. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. Kidney-type arginase
2. Non-hepatic arginase
3. Type II arginase

MSLRGSLSRLLQTRVHSILKKSVHSVAVIGAPFSQGQKRKGVEHGPAAIREAGLMKRLSS
LGCHLKDFGDLSFTPVPKDDLYNNLIVNPRSVGLANQELAEVVSRAVSDGYSCVTLGGDH
SLAIGTISGHARHCPDLCVVWVDAHADINTPLTTSSGNLHGQPVSFLLRELQDKVPQLPG
FSWIKPCISSASIVYIGLRDVDPPEHFILKNYDIQYFSMRDIDRLGIQKVMERTFDLLIG
KRQRPIHLSFDIDAFDPTLAPATGTPVVGGLTYREGMYIAEEIHNTGLLSALDLVEVNPQ
LATSEEEAKTTANLAVDVIASSFGQTREGGHIVYDQLPTPSSPDESENQARVRI

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )

• L-arginine + H2O = L-ornithine + urea [RN:R00551]

• Arginase (PF00491 )

• None

• None

ATGTCCCTAAGGGGCAGCCTCTCGCGTCTCCTCCAGACGCGAGTGCATTCCATCCTGAAG
AAATCCGTCCACTCCGTGGCTGTGATAGGAGCCCCGTTCTCACAAGGGCAGAAAAGAAAA
GGAGTGGAGCATGGTCCCGCTGCCATAAGAGAAGCTGGCTTGATGAAAAGGCTCTCCAGT
TTGGGCTGCCACCTAAAAGACTTTGGAGATTTGAGTTTTACTCCAGTCCCCAAAGATGAT
CTCTACAACAACCTGATAGTGAATCCACGCTCAGTGGGTCTTGCCAACCAGGAACTGGCT
GAGGTGGTTAGCAGAGCTGTGTCAGATGGCTACAGCTGTGTCACACTGGGAGGAGACCAC
AGCCTGGCAATCGGTACCATTAGTGGCCATGCCCGACACTGCCCAGACCTTTGTGTTGTC
TGGGTTGATGCCCATGCTGACATCAACACACCCCTTACCACTTCATCAGGAAATCTCCAT
GGACAGCCAGTTTCATTTCTCCTCAGAGAACTACAGGATAAGGTACCACAACTCCCAGGA
TTTTCCTGGATCAAACCTTGTATCTCTTCTGCAAGTATTGTGTATATTGGTCTGAGAGAC
GTGGACCCTCCTGAACATTTTATTTTAAAGAACTATGATATCCAGTATTTTTCCATGAGA
GATATTGATCGACTTGGTATCCAGAAGGTCATGGAACGAACATTTGATCTGCTGATTGGC
AAGAGACAAAGACCAATCCATTTGAGTTTTGATATTGATGCATTTGACCCTACACTGGCT
CCAGCCACAGGAACTCCTGTTGTCGGGGGACTAACCTATCGAGAAGGCATGTATATTGCT
GAGGAAATACACAATACAGGGTTGCTATCAGCACTGGATCTTGTTGAAGTCAATCCTCAG
TTGGCCACCTCAGAGGAAGAGGCGAAGACTACAGCTAACCTGGCAGTAGATGTGATTGCT
TCAAGCTTTGGTCAGACAAGAGAAGGAGGGCATATTGTCTATGACCAACTTCCTACTCCC
AGTTCACCAGATGAATCAGAAAATCAAGCACGTGTGAGAATTTAG

1. Gotoh T, Sonoki T, Nagasaki A, Terada K, Takiguchi M, Mori M: Molecular cloning of cDNA for nonhepatic mitochondrial arginase (arginase II) and comparison of its induction with nitric oxide synthase in a murine macrophage-like cell line. FEBS Lett. 1996 Oct 21;395(2-3):119-22. [PubMed ]
2. Vockley JG, Jenkinson CP, Shukla H, Kern RM, Grody WW, Cederbaum SD: Cloning and characterization of the human type II arginase gene. Genomics. 1996 Dec 1;38(2):118-23. [PubMed ]
3. Morris SM Jr, Bhamidipati D, Kepka-Lenhart D: Human type II arginase: sequence analysis and tissue-specific expression. Gene. 1997 Jul 9;193(2):157-61. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Cama E, Colleluori DM, Emig FA, Shin H, Kim SW, Kim NN, Traish AM, Ash DE, Christianson DW: Human arginase II: crystal structure and physiological role in male and female sexual arousal. Biochemistry. 2003 Jul 22;42(28):8445-51. [PubMed ]

1. ADC
2. ARGDC
3. ODC-paralogue
4. ODC-p
5. Ornithine decarboxylase-like protein

MAGYLSESDFVMVEEGFSTRDLLKELTLGASQATTDEVAAFFVADLGAIVRKHFCFLKCL
PRVRPFYAVKCNSSPGVLKVLAQLGLGFSCANKAEMELVQHIGIPASKIICANPCKQIAQ
IKYAAKHGIQLLSFDNEMELAKVVKSHPSAKMVLCIATDDSHSLSCLSLKFGVSLKSCRH
LLENAKKHHVEVVGVSFHIGSGCPDPQAYAQSIADARLVFEMGTELGHKMHVLDLGGGFP
GTEGAKVRFEEIASVINSALDLYFPEGCGVDIFAELGRYYVTSAFTVAVSIIAKKEVLLD
QPGREEENGSTSKTIVYHLDEGVYGIFNSVLFDNICPTPILQKKPSTEQPLYSSSLWGPA
VDGCDCVAEGLWLPQLHVGDWLVFDNMGAYTVGMGSPFWGTQACHITYAMSRVAWEALRR
QLMAAEQEDDVEGVCKPLSCGWEITDTLCVGPVFTPASIM

• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )
• Glutamate Metabolism (map00251 )

• L-arginine = agmatine + CO2 [RN:R00566]

• Orn_Arg_deC_N (PF02784 )
• Orn_DAP_Arg_deC (PF00278 )

• None

• None

ATGGCTGGCTACCTGAGTGAATCGGACTTTGTGATGGTGGAGGAGGGCTTCAGTACCCGA
GACCTGCTGAAGGAACTCACTCTGGGGGCCTCACAGGCCACCACGGACGAGGTAGCTGCC
TTCTTCGTGGCTGACCTGGGTGCCATAGTGAGGAAGCACTTTTGCTTTCTGAAGTGCCTG
CCACGAGTCCGGCCCTTTTATGCTGTCAAGTGCAACAGCAGCCCAGGTGTGCTGAAGGTT
CTGGCCCAGCTGGGGCTGGGCTTTAGCTGTGCCAACAAGGCAGAGATGGAGTTGGTCCAG
CATATTGGAATCCCTGCCAGTAAGATCATCTGCGCCAACCCCTGTAAGCAAATTGCACAG
ATCAAATATGCTGCCAAGCATGGGATCCAGCTGCTGAGCTTTGACAATGAGATGGAGCTG
GCAAAGGTGGTAAAGAGCCACCCCAGTGCCAAGATGGTTCTGTGCATTGCTACCGATGAC
TCCCACTCCCTGAGCTGCCTGAGCCTAAAGTTTGGAGTGTCACTGAAATCCTGCAGACAC
CTGCTTGAAAATGCGAAGAAGCACCATGTGGAGGTGGTGGGTGTGAGTTTTCACATTGGC
AGTGGCTGTCCTGACCCTCAGGCCTATGCTCAGTCCATCGCAGACGCCCGGCTCGTGTTT
GAAATGGGCACCGAGCTGGGTCACAAGATGCACGTTCTGGACCTTGGTGGTGGCTTCCCT
GGCACAGAAGGGGCCAAAGTGAGATTTGAAGAGATTGCTTCCGTGATCAACTCAGCCTTG
GACCTGTACTTCCCAGAGGGCTGTGGCGTGGACATCTTTGCTGAGCTGGGGCGCTACTAC
GTGACCTCGGCCTTCACTGTGGCAGTCAGCATCATTGCCAAGAAGGAGGTTCTGCTAGAC
CAGCCTGGCAGGGAGGAGGAAAATGGTTCCACCTCCAAGACCATCGTGTACCACCTTGAT
GAGGGCGTGTATGGGATCTTCAACTCAGTCCTGTTTGACAACATCTGCCCTACCCCCATC
CTGCAGAAGAAACCATCCACGGAGCAGCCCCTGTACAGCAGCAGCCTGTGGGGCCCGGCG
GTTGATGGCTGTGATTGCGTGGCTGAGGGCCTGTGGCTGCCGCAACTACACGTAGGGGAC
TGGCTGGTCTTTGACAACATGGGCGCCTACACTGTGGGCATGGGTTCCCCCTTTTGGGGG
ACCCAGGCCTGCCACATCACCTATGCCATGTCCCGGGTGGCCTGGGAAGCGCTGCGAAGG
CAGCTGATGGCTGCAGAACAGGAGGATGACGTGGAGGGTGTGTGCAAGCCTCTGTCCTGC
GGCTGGGAGATCACAGACACCCTGTGCGTGGGCCCTGTCTTCACCCCAGCGAGCATCATG
TGA

1. Pitkanen LT, Heiskala M, Andersson LC: Expression of a novel human ornithine decarboxylase-like protein in the central nervous system and testes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Oct 12;287(5):1051-7. [PubMed ]
2. Zhu MY, Iyo A, Piletz JE, Regunathan S: Expression of human arginine decarboxylase, the biosynthetic enzyme for agmatine. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2004 Jan 22;1670(2):156-64. [PubMed ]
3. Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ohara O: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XXII. The complete sequences of 50 new cDNA clones which code for large proteins. DNA Res. 2001 Dec 31;8(6):319-27. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]

1. Monocyte amino acid permease 2
2. MOP-2
3. Solute carrier family 7 member 7
4. y(+)L-type amino acid transporter 1
5. Y+LAT1
6. y+LAT-1

MVDSTEYEVASQPEVETSPLGDGASPGPEQVKLKKEISLLNGVCLIVGNMIGSGIFVSPK
GVLIYSASFGLSLVIWAVGGLFSVFGALCYAELGTTIKKSGASYAYILEAFGGFLAFIRL
WTSLLIIEPTSQAIIAITFANYMVQPLFPSCFAPYAASRLLAAACICLLTFINCAYVKWG
TLVQDIFTYAKVLALIAVIVAGIVRLGQGASTHFENSFEGSSFAVGDIALALYSALFSYS
GWDTLNYVTEEIKNPERNLPLSIGISMPIVTIIYILTNVAYYTVLDMRDILASDAVAVTF
ADQIFGIFNWIIPLSVALSCFGGLNASIVAASRLFFVGSREGHLPDAICMIHVERFTPVP
SLLFNGIMALIYLCVEDIFQLINYYSFSYWFFVGLSIVGQLYLRWKEPDRPRPLKLSVFF
PIVFCLCTIFLVAVPLYSDTINSLIGIAIALSGLPFYFLIIRVPEHKRPLYLRRIVGSAT
RYLQVLCMSVAAEMDLEDGGEMPKQRDPKSN

• AA_permease (PF00324 )

• None

• 37-57 69-89 107-127 133-153 160-180 186-206 222-242 259-279 304-324 383-403 416-436 441-461

ATGGTTGACAGCACTGAGTATGAAGTGGCCTCCCAGCCTGAGGTGGAAACCTCCCCTTTG
GGTGATGGGGCCAGCCCAGGGCCGGAGCAGGTGAAGCTGAAGAAGGAGATCTCACTGCTT
AACGGCGTGTGCCTGATTGTGGGGAACATGATCGGCTCAGGCATCTTTGTTTCCCCCAAG
GGTGTGCTCATATACAGTGCCTCCTTTGGTCTCTCTCTGGTCATCTGGGCTGTCGGGGGC
CTCTTCTCCGTCTTTGGGGCCCTTTGTTATGCGGAACTGGGCACCACCATTAAGAAATCT
GGGGCCAGCTATGCCTATATCCTGGAGGCCTTTGGAGGATTCCTTGCTTTCATCAGACTC
TGGACCTCCCTGCTCATCATTGAGCCCACCAGCCAGGCCATCATTGCCATCACCTTTGCC
AACTACATGGTACAGCCTCTCTTCCCGAGCTGCTTCGCCCCTTATGCTGCCAGCCGCCTG
CTGGCTGCTGCCTGCATCTGTCTCTTAACCTTCATTAACTGTGCCTATGTCAAATGGGGA
ACCCTGGTACAAGATATTTTCACCTATGCTAAAGTATTGGCACTGATCGCGGTCATCGTT
GCAGGCATTGTTAGACTTGGCCAGGGAGCCTCTACTCATTTTGAGAATTCCTTTGAGGGT
TCATCATTTGCAGTGGGTGACATTGCCCTGGCACTGTACTCAGCTCTGTTCTCCTACTCA
GGCTGGGACACCCTCAACTATGTCACTGAAGAGATCAAGAATCCTGAGAGGAACCTGCCC
CTCTCCATTGGCATCTCCATGCCCATTGTCACCATCATCTATATCTTGACCAATGTGGCC
TATTATACTGTGCTAGACATGAGAGACATCTTGGCCAGTGATGCTGTTGCTGTGACTTTT
GCAGATCAGATATTTGGAATATTTAACTGGATAATTCCACTGTCAGTTGCATTATCCTGT
TTTGGTGGCCTCAATGCCTCCATTGTGGCTGCTTCTAGGCTTTTCTTTGTGGGCTCAAGA
GAAGGCCATCTCCCTGATGCCATCTGCATGATCCATGTTGAGCGGTTCACACCAGTGCCT
TCTCTGCTCTTCAATGGTATCATGGCATTGATCTACTTGTGCGTGGAAGACATCTTCCAG
CTCATTAACTACTACAGCTTCAGCTACTGGTTCTTTGTGGGGCTTTCTATTGTGGGTCAG
CTTTATCTGCGCTGGAAGGAGCCTGATCGACCTCGTCCCCTCAAGCTCAGCGTTTTCTTC
CCGATTGTCTTCTGCCTCTGCACCATCTTCCTGGTGGCTGTTCCACTTTACAGTGATACT
ATCAACTCCCTCATCGGCATTGCCATTGCCCTCTCAGGCCTGCCCTTTTACTTCCTCATC
ATCAGAGTGCCAGAACATAAGCGACCGCTTTACCTCCGAAGGATCGTGGGGTCTGCCACA
AGGTACCTCCAGGTCCTGTGTATGTCAGTTGCTGCAGAAATGGATTTGGAAGATGGAGGA
GAGATGCCCAAGCAACGGGATCCCAAGTCTAACTAA

1. Torrents D, Estevez R, Pineda M, Fernandez E, Lloberas J, Shi YB, Zorzano A, Palacin M: Identification and characterization of a membrane protein (y+L amino acid transporter-1) that associates with 4F2hc to encode the amino acid transport activity y+L. A candidate gene for lysinuric protein intolerance. J Biol Chem. 1998 Dec 4;273(49):32437-45. [PubMed ]
2. Pfeiffer R, Rossier G, Spindler B, Meier C, Kuhn L, Verrey F: Amino acid transport of y+L-type by heterodimers of 4F2hc/CD98 and members of the glycoprotein-associated amino acid transporter family. EMBO J. 1999 Jan 4;18(1):49-57. [PubMed ]
3. Borsani G, Bassi MT, Sperandeo MP, De Grandi A, Buoninconti A, Riboni M, Manzoni M, Incerti B, Pepe A, Andria G, Ballabio A, Sebastio G: SLC7A7, encoding a putative permease-related protein, is mutated in patients with lysinuric protein intolerance. Nat Genet. 1999 Mar;21(3):297-301. [PubMed ]
4. Noguchi A, Shoji Y, Koizumi A, Takahashi T, Matsumori M, Kayo T, Ohata T, Wada Y, Yoshimura I, Maisawa S, Konishi M, Takasago Y, Takada G: SLC7A7 genomic structure and novel variants in three Japanese lysinuric protein intolerance families. Hum Mutat. 2000;15(4):367-72. [PubMed ]
5. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Dall'Asta V, Bussolati O, Sala R, Rotoli BM, Sebastio G, Sperandeo MP, Andria G, Gazzola GC: Arginine transport through system y(+)L in cultured human fibroblasts: normal phenotype of cells from LPI subjects. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2000 Dec;279(6):C1829-37. [PubMed ]
8. Sala R, Rotoli BM, Colla E, Visigalli R, Parolari A, Bussolati O, Gazzola GC, Dall'Asta V: Two-way arginine transport in human endothelial cells: TNF-alpha stimulation is restricted to system y(+). Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2002 Jan;282(1):C134-43. [PubMed ]
9. Arancibia-Garavilla Y, Toledo F, Casanello P, Sobrevia L: Nitric oxide synthesis requires activity of the cationic and neutral amino acid transport system y+L in human umbilical vein endothelium. Exp Physiol. 2003 Nov;88(6):699-710. [PubMed ]
10. Rotoli BM, Bussolati O, Sala R, Barilli A, Talarico E, Gazzola GC, Dall'Asta V: INFgamma stimulates arginine transport through system y+L in human monocytes. FEBS Lett. 2004 Jul 30;571(1-3):177-81. [PubMed ]
11. Rotmann A, Simon A, Martine U, Habermeier A, Closs EI: Activation of classical protein kinase C decreases transport via systems y+ and y+L. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 Jun;292(6):C2259-68. Epub 2007 Feb 28. [PubMed ]
12. Kaneko S, Ando A, Okuda-Ashitaka E, Maeda M, Furuta K, Suzuki M, Matsumura M, Ito S: Ornithine transport via cationic amino acid transporter-1 is involved in ornithine cytotoxicity in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Jan;48(1):464-71. [PubMed ]
13. Torrents D, Mykkanen J, Pineda M, Feliubadalo L, Estevez R, de Cid R, Sanjurjo P, Zorzano A, Nunes V, Huoponen K, Reinikainen A, Simell O, Savontaus ML, Aula P, Palacin M: Identification of SLC7A7, encoding y+LAT-1, as the lysinuric protein intolerance gene. Nat Genet. 1999 Mar;21(3):293-6. [PubMed ]
14. Sperandeo MP, Bassi MT, Riboni M, Parenti G, Buoninconti A, Manzoni M, Incerti B, Larocca MR, Di Rocco M, Strisciuglio P, Dianzani I, Parini R, Candito M, Endo F, Ballabio A, Andria G, Sebastio G, Borsani G: Structure of the SLC7A7 gene and mutational analysis of patients affected by lysinuric protein intolerance. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Jan;66(1):92-9. [PubMed ]
15. Mykkanen J, Torrents D, Pineda M, Camps M, Yoldi ME, Horelli-Kuitunen N, Huoponen K, Heinonen M, Oksanen J, Simell O, Savontaus ML, Zorzano A, Palacin M, Aula P: Functional analysis of novel mutations in y(+)LAT-1 amino acid transporter gene causing lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI). Hum Mol Genet. 2000 Feb 12;9(3):431-8. [PubMed ]
16. Shoji Y, Noguchi A, Shoji Y, Matsumori M, Takasago Y, Takayanagi M, Yoshida Y, Ihara K, Hara T, Yamaguchi S, Yoshino M, Kaji M, Yamamoto S, Nakai A, Koizumi A, Hokezu Y, Nagamatsu K, Mikami H, Kitajima I, Takada G: Five novel SLC7A7 variants and y+L gene-expression pattern in cultured lymphoblasts from Japanese patients with lysinuric protein intolerance. Hum Mutat. 2002 Nov;20(5):375-81. [PubMed ]
17. Sperandeo MP, Paladino S, Maiuri L, Maroupulos GD, Zurzolo C, Taglialatela M, Andria G, Sebastio G: A y(+)LAT-1 mutant protein interferes with y(+)LAT-2 activity: implications for the molecular pathogenesis of lysinuric protein intolerance. Eur J Hum Genet. 2005 May;13(5):628-34. [PubMed ]
18. Sperandeo MP, Annunziata P, Ammendola V, Fiorito V, Pepe A, Soldovieri MV, Taglialatela M, Andria G, Sebastio G: Lysinuric protein intolerance: identification and functional analysis of mutations of the SLC7A7 gene. Hum Mutat. 2005 Apr;25(4):410. [PubMed ]
19. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]
20. Sperandeo MP, Andria G, Sebastio G: Lysinuric protein intolerance: update and extended mutation analysis of the SLC7A7 gene. Hum Mutat. 2008 Jan;29(1):14-21. [PubMed ]

1. 4F2hc
2. 4F2 heavy chain antigen
3. Lymphocyte activation antigen 4F2 large subunit
4. CD98 antigen

MELQPPEASIAVVSIPRQLPGSHSEAGVQGLSAGDDSELGSHCVAQTGLELLASGDPLPS
ASQNAEMIETGSDCVTQAGLQLLASSDPPALASKNAEVTGTMSQDTEVDMKEVELNELEP
EKQPMNAASGAAMSLAGAEKNGLVKIKVAEDEAEAAAAAKFTGLSKEELLKVAGSPGWVR
TRWALLLLFWLGWLGMLAGAVVIIVRAPRCRELPAQKWWHTGALYRIGDLQAFQGHGAGN
LAGLKGRLDYLSSLKVKGLVLGPIHKNQKDDVAQTDLLQIDPNFGSKEDFDSLLQSAKKK
SIRVILDLTPNYRGENSWFSTQVDTVATKVKDALEFWLQAGVDGFQVRDIENLKDASSFL
AEWQNITKGFSEDRLLIAGTNSSDLQQILSLLESNKDLLLTSSYLSDSGSTGEHTKSLVT
QYLNATGNRWCSWSLSQARLLTSFLPAQLLRLYQLMLFTLPGTPVFSYGDEIGLDAAALP
GQPMEAPVMLWDESSFPDIPGAVSANMTVKGQSEDPGSLLSLFRRLSDQRSKERSLLHGD
FHAFSAGPGLFSYIRHWDQNERFLVVLNFGDVGLSAGLQASDLPASASLPAKADLLLSTQ
PGREEGSPLELERLKLEPHEGLLLRFPYAA

• Alpha-amylase (PF00128 )

• None

• 185-205

ATGGAGCTACAGCCTCCTGAAGCCTCGATCGCCGTCGTGTCGATTCCGCGCCAGTTGCCT
GGCTCACATTCGGAGGCTGGTGTCCAGGGTCTCAGCGCGGGGGACGACTCAGAGTTGGGG
TCTCACTGTGTTGCCCAGACTGGTCTCGAACTCTTGGCCTCAGGTGATCCTCTTCCCTCA
GCTTCCCAGAATGCCGAGATGATAGAGACGGGGTCTGACTGTGTTACCCAGGCTGGTCTT
CAACTCTTGGCCTCAAGTGATCCTCCTGCCTTAGCTTCCAAGAATGCTGAGGTTACAGGC
ACCATGAGCCAGGACACCGAGGTGGATATGAAGGAGGTGGAGCTGAATGAGTTAGAGCCC
GAGAAGCAGCCGATGAACGCGGCGTCTGGGGCGGCCATGTCCCTGGCGGGAGCCGAGAAG
AATGGTCTGGTGAAGATCAAGGTGGCGGAAGACGAGGCGGAGGCGGCAGCCGCGGCTAAG
TTCACGGGCCTGTCCAAGGAGGAGCTGCTGAAGGTGGCAGGCAGCCCCGGCTGGGTACGC
ACCCGCTGGGCACTGCTGCTGCTCTTCTGGCTCGGCTGGCTCGGCATGCTTGCTGGTGCC
GTGGTCATAATCGTGCGAGCGCCGCGTTGTCGCGAGCTACCGGCGCAGAAGTGGTGGCAC
ACGGGCGCCCTCTACCGCATCGGCGACCTTCAGGCCTTCCAGGGCCACGGCGCGGGCAAC
CTGGCGGGTCTGAAGGGGCGTCTCGATTACCTGAGCTCTCTGAAGGTGAAGGGCCTTGTG
CTGGGTCCAATTCACAAGAACCAGAAGGATGATGTCGCTCAGACTGACTTGCTGCAGATC
GACCCCAATTTTGGCTCCAAGGAAGATTTTGACAGTCTCTTGCAATCGGCTAAAAAAAAG
AGCATCCGTGTCATTCTGGACCTTACTCCCAACTACCGGGGTGAGAACTCGTGGTTCTCC
ACTCAGGTTGACACTGTGGCCACCAAGGTGAAGGATGCTCTGGAGTTTTGGCTGCAAGCT
GGCGTGGATGGGTTCCAGGTTCGGGACATAGAGAATCTGAAGGATGCATCCTCATTCTTG
GCTGAGTGGCAAAATATCACCAAGGGCTTCAGTGAAGACAGGCTCTTGATTGCGGGGACT
AACTCCTCCGACCTTCAGCAGATCCTGAGCCTACTCGAATCCAACAAAGACTTGCTGTTG
ACTAGCTCATACCTGTCTGATTCTGGTTCTACTGGGGAGCATACAAAATCCCTAGTCACA
CAGTATTTGAATGCCACTGGCAATCGCTGGTGCAGCTGGAGTTTGTCTCAGGCAAGGCTC
CTGACTTCCTTCTTGCCGGCTCAACTTCTCCGACTCTACCAGCTGATGCTCTTCACCCTG
CCAGGGACCCCTGTTTTCAGCTACGGGGATGAGATTGGCCTGGATGCAGCTGCCCTTCCT
GGACAGCCTATGGAGGCTCCAGTCATGCTGTGGGATGAGTCCAGCTTCCCTGACATCCCA
GGGGCTGTAAGTGCCAACATGACTGTGAAGGGCCAGAGTGAAGACCCTGGCTCCCTCCTT
TCCTTGTTCCGGCGGCTGAGTGACCAGCGGAGTAAGGAGCGCTCCCTACTGCATGGGGAC
TTCCACGCGTTCTCCGCTGGGCCTGGACTCTTCTCCTATATCCGCCACTGGGACCAGAAT
GAGCGTTTTCTGGTAGTGCTTAACTTTGGGGATGTGGGCCTCTCGGCTGGACTGCAGGCC
TCCGACCTGCCTGCCAGCGCCAGCCTGCCAGCCAAGGCTGACCTCCTGCTCAGCACCCAG
CCAGGCCGTGAGGAGGGCTCCCCTCTTGAGCTGGAACGCCTGAAACTGGAGCCTCACGAA
GGGCTGCTGCTCCGCTTCCCCTACGCGGCCTGA

1. Quackenbush E, Clabby M, Gottesdiener KM, Barbosa J, Jones NH, Strominger JL, Speck S, Leiden JM: Molecular cloning of complementary DNAs encoding the heavy chain of the human 4F2 cell-surface antigen: a type II membrane glycoprotein involved in normal and neoplastic cell growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Sep;84(18):6526-30. [PubMed ]
2. Teixeira S, Di Grandi S, Kuhn LC: Primary structure of the human 4F2 antigen heavy chain predicts a transmembrane protein with a cytoplasmic NH2 terminus. J Biol Chem. 1987 Jul 15;262(20):9574-80. [PubMed ]
3. Lumadue JA, Glick AB, Ruddle FH: Cloning, sequence analysis, and expression of the large subunit of the human lymphocyte activation antigen 4F2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):9204-8. [PubMed ]
4. Gottesdiener KM, Karpinski BA, Lindsten T, Strominger JL, Jones NH, Thompson CB, Leiden JM: Isolation and structural characterization of the human 4F2 heavy-chain gene, an inducible gene involved in T-lymphocyte activation. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Sep;8(9):3809-19. [PubMed ]
5. Yanagida O, Kanai Y, Chairoungdua A, Kim DK, Segawa H, Nii T, Cha SH, Matsuo H, Fukushima J, Fukasawa Y, Tani Y, Taketani Y, Uchino H, Kim JY, Inatomi J, Okayasu I, Miyamoto K, Takeda E, Goya T, Endou H: Human L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1): characterization of function and expression in tumor cell lines. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Oct 1;1514(2):291-302. [PubMed ]
6. Taylor TD, Noguchi H, Totoki Y, Toyoda A, Kuroki Y, Dewar K, Lloyd C, Itoh T, Takeda T, Kim DW, She X, Barlow KF, Bloom T, Bruford E, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Eichler E, FitzGerald MG, Jaffe DB, LaButti K, Nicol R, Park HS, Seaman C, Sougnez C, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Zody MC, Birren BW, Nusbaum C, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Rogers J, Lander ES, Sakaki Y: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification. Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):497-500. [PubMed ]
7. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
8. Torrents D, Estevez R, Pineda M, Fernandez E, Lloberas J, Shi YB, Zorzano A, Palacin M: Identification and characterization of a membrane protein (y+L amino acid transporter-1) that associates with 4F2hc to encode the amino acid transport activity y+L. A candidate gene for lysinuric protein intolerance. J Biol Chem. 1998 Dec 4;273(49):32437-45. [PubMed ]
9. Mastroberardino L, Spindler B, Pfeiffer R, Skelly PJ, Loffing J, Shoemaker CB, Verrey F: Amino-acid transport by heterodimers of 4F2hc/CD98 and members of a permease family. Nature. 1998 Sep 17;395(6699):288-91. [PubMed ]
10. Pfeiffer R, Rossier G, Spindler B, Meier C, Kuhn L, Verrey F: Amino acid transport of y+L-type by heterodimers of 4F2hc/CD98 and members of the glycoprotein-associated amino acid transporter family. EMBO J. 1999 Jan 4;18(1):49-57. [PubMed ]
11. Broer A, Wagner CA, Lang F, Broer S: The heterodimeric amino acid transporter 4F2hc/y+LAT2 mediates arginine efflux in exchange with glutamine. Biochem J. 2000 Aug 1;349 Pt 3:787-95. [PubMed ]
12. Broer A, Friedrich B, Wagner CA, Fillon S, Ganapathy V, Lang F, Broer S: Association of 4F2hc with light chains LAT1, LAT2 or y+LAT2 requires different domains. Biochem J. 2001 May 1;355(Pt 3):725-31. [PubMed ]
13. Ritchie JW, Taylor PM: Role of the System L permease LAT1 in amino acid and iodothyronine transport in placenta. Biochem J. 2001 Jun 15;356(Pt 3):719-25. [PubMed ]
14. Kolesnikova TV, Mannion BA, Berditchevski F, Hemler ME: Beta1 integrins show specific association with CD98 protein in low density membranes. BMC Biochem. 2001;2:10. Epub 2001 Oct 15. [PubMed ]
15. Friesema EC, Docter R, Moerings EP, Verrey F, Krenning EP, Hennemann G, Visser TJ: Thyroid hormone transport by the heterodimeric human system L amino acid transporter. Endocrinology. 2001 Oct;142(10):4339-48. [PubMed ]
16. Okamoto Y, Sakata M, Ogura K, Yamamoto T, Yamaguchi M, Tasaka K, Kurachi H, Tsurudome M, Murata Y: Expression and regulation of 4F2hc and hLAT1 in human trophoblasts. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2002 Jan;282(1):C196-204. [PubMed ]
17. He X, Di Y, Li J, Xie Y, Tang Y, Zhang F, Wei L, Zhang Y, Qin W, Huo K, Li Y, Wan D, Gu J: Molecular cloning and characterization of CT120, a novel membrane-associated gene involved in amino acid transport and glutathione metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Sep 27;297(3):528-36. [PubMed ]
18. Simmons-Willis TA, Koh AS, Clarkson TW, Ballatori N: Transport of a neurotoxicant by molecular mimicry: the methylmercury-L-cysteine complex is a substrate for human L-type large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT) 1 and LAT2. Biochem J. 2002 Oct 1;367(Pt 1):239-46. [PubMed ]
19. Kim DK, Kanai Y, Choi HW, Tangtrongsup S, Chairoungdua A, Babu E, Tachampa K, Anzai N, Iribe Y, Endou H: Characterization of the system L amino acid transporter in T24 human bladder carcinoma cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Sep 20;1565(1):112-21. [PubMed ]
20. Harris RA, Yang A, Stein RC, Lucy K, Brusten L, Herath A, Parekh R, Waterfield MD, O'Hare MJ, Neville MA, Page MJ, Zvelebil MJ: Cluster analysis of an extensive human breast cancer cell line protein expression map database. Proteomics. 2002 Feb;2(2):212-23. [PubMed ]
21. Arancibia-Garavilla Y, Toledo F, Casanello P, Sobrevia L: Nitric oxide synthesis requires activity of the cationic and neutral amino acid transport system y+L in human umbilical vein endothelium. Exp Physiol. 2003 Nov;88(6):699-710. [PubMed ]
22. Liu X, Charrier L, Gewirtz A, Sitaraman S, Merlin D: CD98 and intracellular adhesion molecule I regulate the activity of amino acid transporter LAT-2 in polarized intestinal epithelia. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 27;278(26):23672-7. Epub 2003 Apr 25. [PubMed ]
23. Zhang H, Li XJ, Martin DB, Aebersold R: Identification and quantification of N-linked glycoproteins using hydrazide chemistry, stable isotope labeling and mass spectrometry. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 Jun;21(6):660-6. Epub 2003 May 18. [PubMed ]
24. Tomi M, Mori M, Tachikawa M, Katayama K, Terasaki T, Hosoya K: L-type amino acid transporter 1-mediated L-leucine transport at the inner blood-retinal barrier. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Jul;46(7):2522-30. [PubMed ]
25. Li S, Whorton AR: Identification of stereoselective transporters for S-nitroso-L-cysteine: role of LAT1 and LAT2 in biological activity of S-nitrosothiols. J Biol Chem. 2005 May 20;280(20):20102-10. Epub 2005 Mar 15. [PubMed ]
26. Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG 2nd, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;4(6):2070-80. [PubMed ]
27. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
28. Nawashiro H, Otani N, Shinomiya N, Fukui S, Ooigawa H, Shima K, Matsuo H, Kanai Y, Endou H: L-type amino acid transporter 1 as a potential molecular target in human astrocytic tumors. Int J Cancer. 2006 Aug 1;119(3):484-92. [PubMed ]
29. Chi A, Valencia JC, Hu ZZ, Watabe H, Yamaguchi H, Mangini NJ, Huang H, Canfield VA, Cheng KC, Yang F, Abe R, Yamagishi S, Shabanowitz J, Hearing VJ, Wu C, Appella E, Hunt DF: Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes. J Proteome Res. 2006 Nov;5(11):3135-44. [PubMed ]
30. Meierhofer D, Wang X, Huang L, Kaiser P: Quantitative analysis of global ubiquitination in HeLa cells by mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2008 Oct;7(10):4566-76. Epub 2008 Sep 10. [PubMed ]
31. Nguyen HT, Dalmasso G, Yan Y, Obertone TS, Sitaraman SV, Merlin D: Ecto-phosphorylation of CD98 regulates cell-cell interactions. PLoS One. 2008;3(12):e3895. Epub 2008 Dec 9. [PubMed ]
32. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. [PubMed ]
33. Wollscheid B, Bausch-Fluck D, Henderson C, O'Brien R, Bibel M, Schiess R, Aebersold R, Watts JD: Mass-spectrometric identification and relative quantification of N-linked cell surface glycoproteins. Nat Biotechnol. 2009 Apr;27(4):378-86. Epub 2009 Apr 6. [PubMed ]
34. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
35. Fort J, de la Ballina LR, Burghardt HE, Ferrer-Costa C, Turnay J, Ferrer-Orta C, Uson I, Zorzano A, Fernandez-Recio J, Orozco M, Lizarbe MA, Fita I, Palacin M: The structure of human 4F2hc ectodomain provides a model for homodimerization and electrostatic interaction with plasma membrane. J Biol Chem. 2007 Oct 26;282(43):31444-52. Epub 2007 Aug 26. [PubMed ]

1. CAT-1
2. CAT1
3. Ecotropic retroviral leukemia receptor homolog
4. Ecotropic retrovirus receptor homolog
5. ERR
6. Solute carrier family 7 member 1
7. System Y+ basic amino acid transporter

MGCKVLLNIGQQMLRRKVVDCSREETRLSRCLNTFDLVALGVGSTLGAGVYVLAGAVARE
NAGPAIVISFLIAALASVLAGLCYGEFGARVPKTGSAYLYSYVTVGELWAFITGWNLILS
YIIGTSSVARAWSATFDELIGRPIGEFSRTHMTLNAPGVLAENPDIFAVIIILILTGLLT
LGVKESAMVNKIFTCINVLVLGFIMVSGFVKGSVKNWQLTEEDFGNTSGRLCLNNDTKEG
KPGVGGFMPFGFSGVLSGAATCFYAFVGFDCIATTGEEVKNPQKAIPVGIVASLLICFIA
YFGVSAALTLMMPYFCLDNNSPLPDAFKHVGWEGAKYAVAVGSLCALSASLLGSMFPMPR
VIYAMAEDGLLFKFLANVNDRTKTPIIATLASGAVAAVMAFLFDLKDLVDLMSIGTLLAY
SLVAACVLVLRYQPEQPNLVYQMASTSDELDPADQNELASTNDSQLGFLPEAEMFSLKTI
LSPKNMEPSKISGLIVNISTSLIAVLIITFCIVTVLGREALTKGALWAVFLLAGSALLCA
VVTGVIWRQPESKTKLSFKVPFLPVLPILSIFVNVYLMMQLDQGTWVRFAVWMLIGFIIY
FGYGLWHSEEASLDADQARTPDGNLDQCK

• AA_permease (PF00324 )

• None

• 36-57 62-82 103-123 163-183 192-212 247-267 288-307 338-358 385-405 409-429 493-513 527-551 560-580 585-605

ATGGGGTGCAAAGTCCTGCTCAACATTGGGCAGCAGATGCTGCGGCGGAAGGTGGTGGAC
TGTAGCCGGGAGGAGACGCGGCTGTCTCGCTGCCTGAACACTTTTGATCTGGTGGCCCTC
GGGGTGGGCAGCACACTGGGTGCTGGTGTCTACGTCCTGGCTGGAGCTGTGGCCCGTGAG
AATGCAGGCCCTGCCATTGTCATCTCCTTCCTGATCGCTGCGCTGGCCTCAGTGCTGGCT
GGCCTGTGCTATGGCGAGTTTGGTGCTCGGGTCCCCAAGACGGGCTCAGCTTACCTCTAC
AGCTATGTCACCGTTGGAGAGCTCTGGGCCTTCATCACCGGCTGGAACTTAATCCTCTCC
TACATCATCGGTACTTCAAGCGTAGCGAGGGCCTGGAGCGCCACCTTCGACGAGCTGATA
GGCAGACCCATCGGGGAGTTCTCACGGACACACATGACTCTGAACGCCCCCGGCGTGCTG
GCTGAAAACCCCGACATATTCGCAGTGATCATAATTCTCATCTTGACAGGACTTTTAACT
CTTGGTGTGAAAGAGTCGGCCATGGTCAACAAAATATTCACTTGTATTAACGTCCTGGTC
CTGGGCTTCATAATGGTGTCAGGATTTGTGAAAGGATCGGTTAAAAACTGGCAGCTCACG
GAGGAGGATTTTGGGAACACATCAGGCCGTCTCTGTTTGAACAATGACACAAAAGAAGGG
AAGCCCGGTGTTGGTGGATTCATGCCCTTCGGGTTCTCTGGTGTCCTGTCGGGGGCAGCG
ACTTGCTTCTATGCCTTCGTGGGCTTTGACTGCATCGCCACCACAGGTGAAGAGGTGAAG
AACCCACAGAAGGCCATCCCCGTGGGGATCGTGGCGTCCCTCTTGATCTGCTTCATCGCC
TACTTTGGGGTGTCGGCTGCCCTCACGCTCATGATGCCCTACTTCTGCCTGGACAATAAC
AGCCCCCTGCCCGACGCCTTTAAGCACGTGGGCTGGGAAGGTGCCAAGTACGCAGTGGCC
GTGGGCTCCCTCTGCGCTCTTTCCGCCAGTCTTCTAGGTTCCATGTTTCCCATGCCTCGG
GTTATCTATGCCATGGCTGAGGATGGACTGCTATTTAAATTCTTAGCCAACGTCAATGAT
AGGACCAAAACACCAATAATCGCCACATTAGCCTCGGGTGCCGTTGCTGCTGTGATGGCC
TTCCTCTTTGACCTGAAGGACTTGGTGGACCTCATGTCCATTGGCACTCTCCTGGCTTAC
TCGTTGGTGGCTGCCTGTGTGTTGGTCTTACGGTACCAGCCAGAGCAGCCTAACCTGGTA
TACCAGATGGCCAGTACTTCCGACGAGTTAGATCCAGCAGACCAAAATGAATTGGCAAGC
ACCAATGATTCCCAGCTGGGGTTTTTACCAGAGGCAGAGATGTTCTCTTTGAAAACCATA
CTCTCACCCAAAAACATGGAGCCTTCCAAAATCTCTGGGCTAATTGTGAACATTTCAACC
AGCCTTATAGCTGTTCTCATCATCACCTTCTGCATTGTGACCGTGCTTGGAAGGGAGGCT
CTCACCAAAGGGGCGCTGTGGGCAGTCTTTCTGCTCGCAGGGTCTGCCCTCCTCTGTGCC
GTGGTCACGGGCGTCATCTGGAGGCAGCCCGAGAGCAAGACCAAGCTCTCATTTAAGGTT
CCCTTCCTGCCAGTGCTCCCCATCCTGAGCATCTTCGTGAACGTCTATCTCATGATGCAG
CTGGACCAGGGCACCTGGGTCCGGTTTGCTGTGTGGATGCTGATAGGCTTCATCATCTAC
TTTGGCTATGGCCTGTGGCACAGCGAGGAGGCGTCCCTGGATGCCGACCAAGCAAGGACT
CCTGACGGCAACTTGGACCAGTGCAAGTGA

1. Yoshimoto T, Yoshimoto E, Meruelo D: Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel human gene homologous to the murine ecotropic retroviral receptor. Virology. 1991 Nov;185(1):10-7. [PubMed ]
2. Albritton LM, Bowcock AM, Eddy RL, Morton CC, Tseng L, Farrer LA, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Shows TB, Cunningham JM: The human cationic amino acid transporter (ATRC1): physical and genetic mapping to 13q12-q14. Genomics. 1992 Mar;12(3):430-4. [PubMed ]
3. Kamath SG, Furesz TC, Way BA, Smith CH: Identification of three cationic amino acid transporters in placental trophoblast: cloning, expression, and characterization of hCAT-1. J Membr Biol. 1999 Sep 1;171(1):55-62. [PubMed ]
4. Dunham A, Matthews LH, Burton J, Ashurst JL, Howe KL, Ashcroft KJ, Beare DM, Burford DC, Hunt SE, Griffiths-Jones S, Jones MC, Keenan SJ, Oliver K, Scott CE, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews DT, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Bannerjee R, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burrill W, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp ME, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg SC, Cobley V, Collins JE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Deloukas P, Dhami P, Dunham I, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AG, Faulkner L, Frankish AG, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gilbert JG, Gilson CJ, Ghori J, Grafham DV, Gribble SM, Griffiths C, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Howden PJ, Huckle EJ, Hunt PJ, Hunt AR, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kay M, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford CJ, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Lloyd C, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, McLaren SJ, McMurray A, Milne S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter KM, Rice CM, Searle S, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thomas DW, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wright MW, Young L, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Beck S, Bentley DR, Rogers J, Ross MT: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13. Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):522-8. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Wollscheid B, Bausch-Fluck D, Henderson C, O'Brien R, Bibel M, Schiess R, Aebersold R, Watts JD: Mass-spectrometric identification and relative quantification of N-linked cell surface glycoproteins. Nat Biotechnol. 2009 Apr;27(4):378-86. Epub 2009 Apr 6. [PubMed ]

1. Arginine--tRNA ligase
2. ArgRS
3. Arginyl-tRNA synthetase-like

MACGFRRAIACQLSRVLNLPPENLITSISAVPISQKEEVADFQLSVDSLLEKDNDHSRPD
IQVQAKRLAEKLRCDTVVSEISTGQRTVNFKINRELLTKTVLQQVIEDGSKYGLKSELFS
GLPQKKIVVEFSSPNVAKKFHVGHLRSTIIGNFIANLKEALGHQVIRINYLGDWGMQFGL
LGTGFQLFGYEEKLQSNPLQHLFEVYVQVNKEAADDKSVAKAAQEFFQRLELGDVQALSL
WQKFRDLSIEEYIRVYKRLGVYFDEYSGESFYREKSQEVLKLLESKGLLLKTIKGTAVVD
LSGNGDPSSICTVMRSDGTSLYATRDLAAAIDRMDKYNFDTMIYVTDKGQKKHFQQVFQM
LKIMGYDWAERCQHVPFGVVQGMKTRRGDVTFLEDVLNEIQLRMLQNMASIKTTKELKNP
QETAERVGLAALIIQDFKGLLLSDYKFSWDRVFQSRGDTGVFLQYTHARLHSLEETFGCG
YLNDFNTACLQEPQSVSILQHLLRFDEVLYKSSQDFQPRHIVSYLLTLSHLAAVAHKTLQ
IKDSPPEVAGARLHLFKAVRSVLANGMKLLGITPVCRM

• Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (map00970 )
• Arginine and Proline Metabolism (map00330 )

• ATP + L-arginine + tRNAArg = AMP + diphosphate + L-arginyl-tRNAArg [RN:R03646]

• DALR_1 (PF05746 )
• tRNA-synt_1d (PF00750 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGTGCGGCTTTCGCCGCGCTATTGCTTGCCAGCTTTCCAGAGTGTTGAATCTTCCA
CCAGAAAACTTGATCACATCAATATCTGCAGTTCCAATTTCCCAAAAAGAAGAAGTAGCT
GATTTTCAGCTTTCTGTGGATCCTTTATTGGAAAAAGACAATGACCATTCAAGACCAGAT
ATTCAAGTTCAAGCCAAGAGACTAGCAGAGAAGCTAAGATGTGATACAGTGGTGAGTGAA
ATCAGTACTGGTCAAAGGACTGTAAATTTCAAAATAAACAGAGAGCTCTTAACAAAGACA
GTGCTACAACAAGTAATTGAAGATGGCTCAAAATATGGATTAAAAAGTGAACTTTTCTCT
GGACTTCCCCAGAAGAAGATTGTGGTTGAATTCAGTTCACCTAATGTTGCCAAAAAATTT
CATGTTGGACATTTGCGTTCTACCGTCATAGGAAATTTTATAGCAAATCTCAAAGAAGCT
TTAGGACATCAAGTAATAAGAATAAATTACCTTGGCGATTGGGGCATGCAGTTTGGTCTT
CTGGGAACTGGCTTCCAGCTGTTTGGCTATGAGGAAAAACTGCAGTCCAATCCTCTACAG
CATCTCTTTGAAGTTTATGTACAAGTTAATAAAGAAGCAGCGGATGATAAAAGTGTAGCA
AAAGCAGCACAGGAGTTCTTCCAACGATTGGAACTGGGCGATGTGCAAGCACTTTCACTG
TGGCAAAAATTTCGGGACTTGAGCATTGAAGAGTACATTCGGGTTTACAAGCGTCTGGGA
GTATATTTTGATGAATATTCAGGAGAATCATTTTATCGTGAAAAATCTCAAGAGGTCTTA
AAGTTGCTGGAGAGTAAAGGACTCCTACTGAAAACAATAAAAGGAACGGCTGTAGTAGAT
CTCTCTGGGAATGGCGACCCCTCCTCAATTTGTACTGTAATGCGAAGTGATGGGACTTCT
CTCTATGCAACCAGAGATCTTGCAGCTGCTGTAGATCGAATGGACAAGTATAATTTTGAT
ACAATGATATATGTGACAGATAAAGGACAAAAAAAGCATTTTCAGCAAGTATTCCAAATG
CTGAAGATCATGGGATATGACTGGGCAGAAAGGTGCCAGCACGTGCCCTTTGGAGTAGTA
CAGGGAATGAAGACTCGAAGAGGAGATGTCACTTTCCTGGAAGATGTTTTAAATGAGATT
CAATTAAGGATGCTACAGAACATGGCTTCAATTAAGACAACTAAAGAACTCAAGAACCCA
CAAGAGACTGCAGAGAGGGTCGGGCTCGCAGCACTCATTATTCAGGACTTCAAAGGTTTA
CTCTTATCTGACTACAAGTTCAGCTGGGATCGTGTTTTCCAGAGTCGCGGGGACACAGGA
GTCTTCCTACAGTACACACACGCCCGCCTCCACAGTTTGGAAGAGACTTTTGGATGTGGG
TACCTGAATGACTTCAACACTGCTTGTTTACAAGAGCCACAGTCTGTTTCAATTCTTCAG
CATCTTCTCAGGTTCGACGAGGTGCTTTATAAATCATCTCAGGACTTTCAACCCAGGCAT
ATCGTCAGTTACCTTCTAACTTTAAGTCATCTTGCAGCTGTGGCACACAAAACACTACAA
ATAAAAGATAGTCCTCCTGAAGTGGCTGGGGCCAGACTTCATCTTTTCAAAGCTGTCCGT
TCTGTCCTAGCCAATGGAATGAAACTTCTTGGAATAACACCTGTATGTAGGATGTAA

1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
2. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Bonnefond L, Fender A, Rudinger-Thirion J, Giege R, Florentz C, Sissler M: Toward the full set of human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: characterization of AspRS and TyrRS. Biochemistry. 2005 Mar 29;44(12):4805-16. [PubMed ]
5. Edvardson S, Shaag A, Kolesnikova O, Gomori JM, Tarassov I, Einbinder T, Saada A, Elpeleg O: Deleterious mutation in the mitochondrial arginyl-transfer RNA synthetase gene is associated with pontocerebellar hypoplasia. Am J Hum Genet. 2007 Oct;81(4):857-62. Epub 2007 Aug 24. [PubMed ]

MAGYLSESDFVMVEEGFSTRDLLKELTLGASQATTDEVAAFFVADLGAIVRKHFCFLKCL
PRVRPFYAVKCNSSPGVLKVLAQLGLGFSCANKAEMELVQHIGIPASKIICANPCKQIAQ
IKYAAKHGIQLLSFDNEMELAKVVKSHPSAKMVLCIATDDSHSLSCLSLKFGVSLKSCRH
LLENAKKHHVEVVGVSFHIGSGCPDPQAYAQSIADARLVFEMGTELGHKMHVLDLGGGFP
GTEGAKVRFEEIASVINSALDLYFPEGCGVDIFAELGRYYVTSAFTVAVSIIAKKEVLLD
QPGREEENGSTSKTIVYHLDEGVYGIFNSVLFDNICPTPILQKKPSTEQPLYSSSLWGPA
VDGCDCVAEGLWLPQLHVGDWLVFDNMGAYTVGMGSPFWGTQACHITYAMSRVAWEALRR
QLMAAEQEDDVEGVCKPLSCGWEITDTLCVGPVFTPASIM

• None

• None

1. Cationic amino acid transporter, y+ system
2. Solute carrier family 7 member 6
3. y(+)L-type amino acid transporter 2
4. Y+LAT2
5. y+LAT-2

MEAREPGRPTPTYHLVPNTSQSQVEEDVSSPPQRSSETMQLKKEISLLNGVSLVVGNMIG
SGIFVSPKGVLVHTASYGMSLIVWAIGGLFSVVGALCYAELGTTITKSGASYAYILEAFG
GFIAFIRLWVSLLVVEPTGQAIIAITFANYIIQPSFPSCDPPYLACRLLAAACICLLTFV
NCAYVKWGTRVQDTFTYAKVVALIAIIVMGLVKLCQGHSEHFQDAFEGSSWDMGNLSLAL
YSALFSYSGWDTLNFVTEEIKNPERNLPLAIGISMPIVTLIYILTNVAYYTVLNISDVLS
SDAVAVTFADQTFGMFSWTIPIAVALSCFGGLNASIFASSRLFFVGSREGHLPDLLSMIH
IERFTPIPALLFNCTMALIYLIVEDVFQLINYFSFSYWFFVGLSVVGQLYLRWKEPKRPR
PLKLSVFFPIVFCICSVFLVIVPLFTDTINSLIGIGIALSGVPFYFMGVYLPESRRPLFI
RNVLAAITRGTQQLCFCVLTELDVAEEKKDERKTD

• AA_permease (PF00324 )

• None

• 45-65 79-99 115-135 168-188 195-215 236-256 267-287 312-332 364-384 386-406 426-446 452-472

ATGGAAGCCAGGGAGCCTGGGAGGCCCACACCCACCTACCATCTTGTCCCTAACACCAGC
CAGTCCCAGGTGGAAGAAGATGTCAGCTCGCCACCTCAAAGGTCCTCCGAAACTATGCAG
CTGAAGAAGGAGATCTCCCTGCTGAATGGGGTCAGCCTGGTGGTGGGCAACATGATCGGC
TCAGGGATCTTTGTCTCACCCAAGGGTGTGCTGGTACACACTGCCTCCTATGGGATGTCA
CTGATTGTGTGGGCCATTGGTGGGCTCTTCTCTGTTGTGGGTGCCCTTTGTTATGCAGAG
CTGGGGACCACCATCACCAAGTCGGGAGCCAGCTACGCTTATATTCTAGAGGCCTTTGGG
GGCTTCATTGCCTTCATCCGCCTGTGGGTCTCACTGCTAGTTGTTGAGCCCACCGGTCAG
GCCATCATCGCCATCACCTTTGCCAACTACATCATCCAGCCGTCCTTCCCCAGCTGTGAT
CCCCCATACCTGGCCTGCCGTCTCCTGGCTGCTGCTTGCATATGTCTGCTGACATTTGTG
AACTGTGCCTATGTCAAGTGGGGCACACGTGTGCAGGACACGTTCACTTACGCCAAGGTC
GTAGCGCTCATTGCCATCATTGTCATGGGCCTTGTTAAACTGTGCCAGGGACACTCTGAG
CACTTTCAGGACGCCTTTGAGGGTTCCTCCTGGGACATGGGAAACCTCTCTCTTGCCCTC
TACTCTGCCCTCTTCTCTTACTCAGGTTGGGACACCCTTAATTTTGTAACAGAAGAAATC
AAAAACCCAGAAAGAAATTTGCCCTTGGCCATTGGGATTTCTATGCCAATTGTGACGCTC
ATCTACATCCTGACCAATGTGGCCTATTACACAGTGCTGAACATTTCAGATGTCCTTAGC
AGTGATGCTGTGGCTGTGACATTTGCTGACCAGACGTTTGGCATGTTCAGCTGGACCATC
CCCATTGCTGTTGCCCTGTCCTGCTTTGGGGGCCTCAATGCATCCATCTTTGCTTCATCA
AGGTTGTTCTTCGTGGGCTCCCGGGAGGGCCACCTACCGGACCTTCTGTCCATGATCCAC
ATTGAGCGTTTTACACCTATCCCTGCTTTACTGTTCAATTGCACCATGGCACTCATCTAC
CTCATCGTGGAGGATGTTTTCCAGCTTATCAACTACTTCAGCTTCAGCTACTGGTTCTTC
GTGGGCCTGTCTGTTGTTGGACAGCTCTACCTCCGCTGGAAGGAGCCCAAGCGGCCCCGG
CCTCTCAAGCTGAGCGTGTTTTTCCCCATCGTGTTCTGCATATGCTCCGTGTTTCTGGTG
ATAGTGCCCCTCTTCACTGACACCATTAATTCCCTCATTGGCATCGGGATTGCCCTTTCT
GGAGTCCCTTTCTACTTCATGGGTGTTTACCTGCCAGAGTCCCGGAGGCCATTGTTTATT
CGGAATGTCCTGGCTGCTATCACCAGAGGCACCCAGCAGCTTTGCTTTTGTGTCCTGACT
GAGCTTGATGTAGCCGAAGAAAAAAAGGATGAGAGGAAAACTGACTAG

1. Torrents D, Estevez R, Pineda M, Fernandez E, Lloberas J, Shi YB, Zorzano A, Palacin M: Identification and characterization of a membrane protein (y+L amino acid transporter-1) that associates with 4F2hc to encode the amino acid transport activity y+L. A candidate gene for lysinuric protein intolerance. J Biol Chem. 1998 Dec 4;273(49):32437-45. [PubMed ]
2. Nagase T, Seki N, Ishikawa K, Ohira M, Kawarabayasi Y, Ohara O, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Miyajima N, Nomura N: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VI. The coding sequences of 80 new genes (KIAA0201-KIAA0280) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from cell line KG-1 and brain. DNA Res. 1996 Oct 31;3(5):321-9, 341-54. [PubMed ]
3. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Dall'Asta V, Bussolati O, Sala R, Rotoli BM, Sebastio G, Sperandeo MP, Andria G, Gazzola GC: Arginine transport through system y(+)L in cultured human fibroblasts: normal phenotype of cells from LPI subjects. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2000 Dec;279(6):C1829-37. [PubMed ]
6. Broer A, Wagner CA, Lang F, Broer S: The heterodimeric amino acid transporter 4F2hc/y+LAT2 mediates arginine efflux in exchange with glutamine. Biochem J. 2000 Aug 1;349 Pt 3:787-95. [PubMed ]
7. Broer A, Friedrich B, Wagner CA, Fillon S, Ganapathy V, Lang F, Broer S: Association of 4F2hc with light chains LAT1, LAT2 or y+LAT2 requires different domains. Biochem J. 2001 May 1;355(Pt 3):725-31. [PubMed ]
8. Sala R, Rotoli BM, Colla E, Visigalli R, Parolari A, Bussolati O, Gazzola GC, Dall'Asta V: Two-way arginine transport in human endothelial cells: TNF-alpha stimulation is restricted to system y(+). Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2002 Jan;282(1):C134-43. [PubMed ]
9. Arancibia-Garavilla Y, Toledo F, Casanello P, Sobrevia L: Nitric oxide synthesis requires activity of the cationic and neutral amino acid transport system y+L in human umbilical vein endothelium. Exp Physiol. 2003 Nov;88(6):699-710. [PubMed ]
10. Rotoli BM, Bussolati O, Sala R, Barilli A, Talarico E, Gazzola GC, Dall'Asta V: INFgamma stimulates arginine transport through system y+L in human monocytes. FEBS Lett. 2004 Jul 30;571(1-3):177-81. [PubMed ]
11. Sperandeo MP, Paladino S, Maiuri L, Maroupulos GD, Zurzolo C, Taglialatela M, Andria G, Sebastio G: A y(+)LAT-1 mutant protein interferes with y(+)LAT-2 activity: implications for the molecular pathogenesis of lysinuric protein intolerance. Eur J Hum Genet. 2005 May;13(5):628-34. [PubMed ]
12. Chubb S, Kingsland AL, Broer A, Broer S: Mutation of the 4F2 heavy-chain carboxy terminus causes y+ LAT2 light-chain dysfunction. Mol Membr Biol. 2006 May-Jun;23(3):255-67. [PubMed ]
13. Rotmann A, Simon A, Martine U, Habermeier A, Closs EI: Activation of classical protein kinase C decreases transport via systems y+ and y+L. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 Jun;292(6):C2259-68. Epub 2007 Feb 28. [PubMed ]
14. Kaneko S, Ando A, Okuda-Ashitaka E, Maeda M, Furuta K, Suzuki M, Matsumura M, Ito S: Ornithine transport via cationic amino acid transporter-1 is involved in ornithine cytotoxicity in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Jan;48(1):464-71. [PubMed ]

MACPWKFLFKTKFHQYAMNGEKDINNNVEKAPCATSSPVTQDDLQYHNLSKQQNESPQPL
VETGKKSPESLVKLDATPLSSPRHVRIKNWGSGMTFQDTLHHKAKGILTCRSKSCLGSIM
TPKSLTRGPRDKPTPPDELLPQAIEFVNQYYGSFKEAKIEEHLARVEAVTKEIETTGTYQ
LTGDELIFATKQAWRNAPRCIGRIQWSNLQVFDARSCSTAREMFEHICRHVRYSTNNGNI
RSAITVFPQRSDGKHDFRVWNAQLIRYAGYQMPDGSIRGDPANVEFTQLCIDLGWKPKYG
RFDVVPLVLQANGRDPELFEIPPDLVLEVAMEHPKYEWFRELELKWYALPAVANMLLEVG
GLEFPGCPFNGWYMGTEIGVRDFCDVQRYNILEEVGRRMGLETHKLASLWKDQAVVEINI
AVLHSFQKQNVTIMDHHSAAESFMKYMQNEYRSRGGCPADWIWLVPPMSGSITPVFHQEM
LNYVLSPFYYYQVEAWKTHVWQDEKRRPKRREIPLKVLVKAVLFACMLMRKTMASRVRVT
ILFATETGKSEALAWDLGALFSCAFNPKVVCMDKYRLSCLEEERLLLVVTSTFGNGDCPG
NGEKLKKSLFMLKELNNKFRYAVFGLGSSMYPRFCAFAHDIDQKLSHLGASQLTPMGEGD
ELSGQEDAFRSWAVQTFKAACETFDVRGKQHIQIPKLYTSNVTWDPHHYRLVQDSQPLDL
SKALSSMHAKNVFTMRLKSRQNLQSPTSSRATILVELSCEDGQGLNYLPGEHLGVCPGNQ
PALVQGILERVVDGPTPHQTVRLEALDESGSYWVSDKRLPPCSLSQALTYFLDITTPPTQ
LLLQKLAQVATEEPERQRLEALCQPSEYSKWKFTNSPTFLEVLEEFPSLRVSAGFLLSQL
PILKPRFYSISSSRDHTPTEIHLTVAVVTYHTRDGQGPLHHGVCSTWLNSLKPQDPVPCF
VRNASGFHLPEDPSHPCILIGPGTGIAPFRSFWQQRLHDSQHKGVRGGRMTLVFGCRRPD
EDHIYQEEMLEMAQKGVLHAVHTAYSRLPGKPKVYVQDILRQQLASEVLRVLHKEPGHLY
VCGDVRMARDVAHTLKQLVAAKLKLNEEQVEDYFFQLKSQKRYHEDIFGAVFPYEAKKDR
VAVQPSSLEMSAL

• FAD_binding_1 (PF00667 )
• Flavodoxin_1 (PF00258 )
• NAD_binding_1 (PF00175 )
• NO_synthase (PF02898 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCTGTCCTTGGAAATTTCTGTTCAAGACCAAATTCCACCAGTATGCAATGAATGGG
GAAAAAGACATCAACAACAATGTGGAGAAAGCCCCCTGTGCCACCTCCAGTCCAGTGACA
CAGGATGACCTTCAGTATCACAACCTCAGCAAGCAGCAGAATGAGTCCCCGCAGCCCCTC
GTGGAGACGGGAAAGAAGTCTCCAGAATCTCTGGTCAAGCTGGATGCAACCCCATTGTCC
TCCCCACGGCATGTGAGGATCAAAAACTGGGGCAGCGGGATGACTTTCCAAGACACACTT
CACCATAAGGCCAAAGGGATTTTAACTTGCAGGTCCAAATCTTGCCTGGGGTCCATTATG
ACTCCCAAAAGTTTGACCAGAGGACCCAGGGACAAGCCTACCCCTCCAGATGAGCTTCTA
CCTCAAGCTATCGAATTTGTCAACCAATATTACGGCTCCTTCAAAGAGGCAAAAATAGAG
GAACATCTGGCCAGGGTGGAAGCGGTAACAAAGGAGATAGAAACAACAGGAACCTACCAA
CTGACGGGAGATGAGCTCATCTTCGCCACCAAGCAGGCCTGGCGCAATGCCCCACGCTGC
ATTGGGAGGATCCAGTGGTCCAACCTGCAGGTCTTCGATGCCCGCAGCTGTTCCACTGCC
CGGGAAATGTTTGAACACATCTGCAGACACGTGCGTTACTCCACCAACAATGGCAACATC
AGGTCGGCCATCACCGTGTTCCCCCAGCGGAGTGATGGCAAGCACGACTTCCGGGTGTGG
AATGCTCAGCTCATCCGCTATGCTGGCTACCAGATGCCAGATGGCAGCATCAGAGGGGAC
CCTGCCAACGTGGAATTCACTCAGCTGTGCATCGACCTGGGCTGGAAGCCCAAGTACGGC
CGCTTCGATGTGGTCCCCCTGGTCCTGCAGGCCAATGGCCGTGACCCTGAGCTCTTCGAA
ATCCCACCTGACCTTGTGCTTGAGGTGGCCATGGAACATCCCAAATACGAGTGGTTTCGG
GAACTGGAGCTAAAGTGGTACGCCCTGCCTGCAGTGGCCAACATGCTGCTTGAGGTGGGC
GGCCTGGAGTTCCCAGGGTGCCCCTTCAATGGCTGGTACATGGGCACAGAGATCGGAGTC
CGGGACTTCTGTGACGTCCAGCGCTACAACATCCTGGAGGAAGTGGGCAGGAGAATGGGC
CTGGAAACGCACAAGCTGGCCTCGCTCTGGAAAGACCAGGCTGTCGTTGAGATCAACATT
GCTGTGCTCCATAGTTTCCAGAAGCAGAATGTGACCATCATGGACCACCACTCGGCTGCA
GAATCCTTCATGAAGTACATGCAGAATGAATACCGGTCCCGTGGGGGCTGCCCGGCAGAC
TGGATTTGGCTGGTCCCTCCCATGTCTGGGAGCATCACCCCCGTGTTTCACCAGGAGATG
CTGAACTACGTCCTGTCCCCTTTCTACTACTATCAGGTAGAGGCCTGGAAAACCCATGTC
TGGCAGGACGAGAAGCGGAGACCCAAGAGAAGAGAGATTCCATTGAAAGTCTTGGTCAAA
GCTGTGCTCTTTGCCTGTATGCTGATGCGCAAGACAATGGCGTCCCGAGTCAGAGTCACC
ATCCTCTTTGCGACAGAGACAGGAAAATCAGAGGCGCTGGCCTGGGACCTGGGGGCCTTA
TTCAGCTGTGCCTTCAACCCCAAGGTTGTCTGCATGGATAAGTACAGGCTGAGCTGCCTG
GAGGAGGAACGGCTGCTGTTGGTGGTGACCAGTACGTTTGGCAATGGAGACTGCCCTGGC
AATGGAGAGAAACTGAAGAAATCGCTCTTCATGCTGAAAGAGCTCAACAACAAATTCAGG
TACGCTGTGTTTGGCCTCGGCTCCAGCATGTACCCTCGGTTCTGCGCCTTTGCTCATGAC
ATTGATCAGAAGCTGTCCCACCTGGGGGCCTCTCAGCTCACCCCGATGGGAGAAGGGGAT
GAGCTCAGTGGGCAGGAGGACGCCTTCCGCAGCTGGGCCGTGCAAACCTTCAAGGCAGCC
TGTGAGACGTTTGATGTCCGAGGCAAACAGCACATTCAGATCCCCAAGCTCTACACCTCC
AATGTGACCTGGGACCCGCACCACTACAGGCTCGTGCAGGACTCACAGCCTTTGGACCTC
AGCAAAGCCCTCAGCAGCATGCATGCCAAGAACGTGTTCACCATGAGGCTCAAATCTCGG
CAGAATCTACAAAGTCCGACATCCAGCCGTGCCACCATCCTGGTGGAACTCTCCTGTGAG
GATGGCCAAGGCCTGAACTACCTGCCGGGGGAGCACCTTGGGGTTTGCCCAGGCAACCAG
CCGGCCCTGGTCCAAGGCATCCTGGAGCGAGTGGTGGATGGCCCCACACCCCACCAGACA
GTGCGCCTGGAGGCCCTGGATGAGAGTGGCAGCTACTGGGTCAGTGACAAGAGGCTGCCC
CCCTGCTCACTCAGCCAGGCCCTCACCTACTTCCTGGACATCACCACACCCCCAACCCAG
CTGCTGCTCCAAAAGCTGGCCCAGGTGGCCACAGAAGAGCCTGAGAGACAGAGGCTGGAG
GCCCTGTGCCAGCCCTCAGAGTACAGCAAGTGGAAGTTCACCAACAGCCCCACATTCCTG
GAGGTGCTAGAGGAGTTCCCGTCCCTGCGGGTGTCTGCTGGCTTCCTGCTTTCCCAGCTC
CCCATTCTGAAGCCCAGGTTCTACTCCATCAGCTCCTCCCGGGATCACACGCCCACGGAG
ATCCACCTGACTGTGGCCGTGGTCACCTACCACACCCGAGATGGCCAGGGTCCCCTGCAC
CACGGCGTCTGCAGCACATGGCTCAACAGCCTGAAGCCCCAAGACCCAGTGCCCTGCTTT
GTGCGGAATGCCAGCGGCTTCCACCTCCCCGAGGATCCCTCCCATCCTTGCATCCTCATC
GGGCCTGGCACAGGCATCGCGCCCTTCCGCAGTTTCTGGCAGCAACGGCTCCATGACTCC
CAGCACAAGGGAGTGCGGGGAGGCCGCATGACCTTGGTGTTTGGGTGCCGCCGCCCAGAT
GAGGACCACATCTACCAGGAGGAGATGCTGGAGATGGCCCAGAAGGGGGTGCTGCATGCG
GTGCACACAGCCTATTCCCGCCTGCCTGGCAAGCCCAAGGTCTATGTTCAGGACATCCTG
CGGCAGCAGCTGGCCAGCGAGGTGCTCCGTGTGCTCCACAAGGAGCCAGGCCACCTCTAT
GTTTGCGGGGATGTGCGCATGGCCCGGGACGTGGCCCACACCCTGAAGCAGCTGGTGGCT
GCCAAGCTGAAATTGAATGAGGAGCAGGTCGAGGACTATTTCTTTCAGCTCAAGAGCCAG
AAGCGCTATCACGAAGATATCTTTGGTGCTGTATTTCCTTACGAGGCGAAGAAGGACAGG
GTGGCGGTGCAGCCCAGCAGCCTGGAGATGTCAGCGCTCTGA

1. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD, Altschul SF, Zeeberg B, Buetow KH, Schaefer CF, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Jordan H, Moore T, Max SI, Wang J, Hsieh F, Diatchenko L, Marusina K, Farmer AA, Rubin GM, Hong L, Stapleton M, Soares MB, Bonaldo MF, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brownstein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Prange C, Raha SS, Loquellano NA, Peters GJ, Abramson RD, Mullahy SJ, Bosak SA, McEwan PJ, McKernan KJ, Malek JA, Gunaratne PH, Richards S, Worley KC, Hale S, Garcia AM, Gay LJ, Hulyk SW, Villalon DK, Muzny DM, Sodergren EJ, Lu X, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madan A, Young AC, Shevchenko Y, Bouffard GG, Blakesley RW, Touchman JW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Krzywinski MI, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Marra MA: Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899-903. Epub 2002 Dec 11. [PubMed ]

MALAALMIALGSLGLHTWQAQAVPTILPLGLAPDTFDDTYVGCAEEMEEKAAPLLKEEMA
HHALLRESWEAAQETWEDKRRGLTLPPGFKAQNGIAIMVYTNSSNTLYWELNQAVRTGGG
SRELYMRHFPFKALHFYLIRALQLLRGSGGCSRGPGEVVFRGVGSLRFEPKRLGDSVRLG
QFASSSLDKAVAHRFGNATLFSLTTCFGAPIQAFSVFPKEREVLIPPHEVFLVTRFSQDG
AQSLVTLWSYNQTCSHFNCAYLGGEKRRGCVSAPGALGTGDLHMTKRHLQQP

• ART (PF01129 )

• 1-21

• None

ATGGCGCTGGCGGCTTTGATGATCGCCCTCGGCAGCCTCGGCCTCCACACCTGGCAGGCC
CAGGCTGTTCCCACCATCCTGCCCCTGGGCCTGGCTCCAGACACCTTTGACGATACCTAT
GTGGGTTGTGCAGAGGAGATGGAGGAGAAGGCAGCCCCCCTGCTAAAGGAGGAAATGGCC
CACCATGCCCTGCTGCGGGAATCCTGGGAGGCAGCCCAGGAGACCTGGGAGGACAAGCGT
CGAGGGCTTACCTTGCCCCCTGGCTTCAAAGCCCAGAATGGAATAGCCATTATGGTCTAC
ACCAACTCATCGAACACCTTGTACTGGGAGTTGAATCAGGCCGTGCGGACGGGCGGAGGC
TCCCGGGAGCTCTACATGAGGCACTTTCCCTTCAAGGCCCTGCATTTCTACCTGATCCGG
GCCCTGCAGCTGCTGCGAGGCAGTGGGGGCTGCAGCAGGGGACCTGGGGAGGTGGTGTTC
CGAGGTGTGGGCAGCCTTCGCTTTGAACCCAAGAGGCTGGGGGACTCTGTCCGCTTGGGC
CAGTTTGCCTCCAGCTCCCTGGATAAGGCAGTGGCCCACAGATTTGGTAATGCCACCCTC
TTCTCTCTAACAACTTGCTTTGGGGCCCCTATACAGGCCTTCTCTGTCTTTCCCAAGGAG
CGCGAGGTGCTGATTCCCCCCCATGAAGTCTTTTTGGTTACCAGATTCTCTCAGGATGGA
GCCCAGAGCTTGGTGACTCTCTGGAGCTATAATCAGACCTGTAGCCATTTTAACTGCGCC
TATCTGGGTGGGGAGAAGAGGCGGGGCTGTGTGTCTGCGCCAGGAGCCCTGGGAACGGGT
GACCTTCATATGACGAAGAGGCACCTCCAGCAGCCTTGA

1. Glowacki G, Braren R, Firner K, Nissen M, Kuhl M, Reche P, Bazan F, Cetkovic-Cvrlje M, Leiter E, Haag F, Koch-Nolte F: The family of toxin-related ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferases in humans and the mouse. Protein Sci. 2002 Jul;11(7):1657-70. [PubMed ]

1. SubName: cDNA, FLJ96762, highly similar to Homo sapiens arginyl-tRNA synthetase-like (RARSL), mRNA

MACGFRRAIACQLSRVLNLPPENLITSISAVPISQKEEVADFQLSVDSLLEKDNDHSRPD
IQVQAKRLAEKLRCDTVVSEISTGQRTVNFKINRELLTKTVLQQVIEDGSKYGLKSELFS
GLPQKKIVVEFSSPNVAKKFHVGHLRSTIIGNFIANLKEALGHQVIRINYLGDWGMQFGL
LGTGFQLFGYEEKLQSNPLQHLFEVYVQVNKEAADDKSVAKAAQEFFQRLELGDVQALSL
WQKFRDLSIEEYIRVYKRLGVYFDEYSGESFYREKSQEVLKLLESKGLLLKTIKGTAVVD
LSGNGDPSSICTVMRSDGTSLYATRDLAAAIDRMDKYNFDTMIYVTDKGQKKHFQQVFQM
LKIMGYDWAERCQHVPFGVVQGMKTRRGDVTFLEDVLNEIQLRMLQNMASIKTTKELKNP
QETAERVGLAALIIQDFKGLLLSDYKFSWDRVFQSRGDTGVFLQYTHARLHSLEETFGCG
YLNDFNTACLQEPQSVSILQHLLRFDEVLYKSSQDFQPRHIVSYLLTLSHLAAVAHKTLQ
IKDSPPEVAGARLHLFKAVRSVLANGMKLLGITPVCRM

• DALR_1 (PF05746 )
• tRNA-synt_1d (PF00750 )

• None

• None

MSLRGSLSRLLQTRVHSILKKSVHSVAVIGAPFSQGQKRKGVEHGPAAIREAGLMKRLSS
LGCHLKDFGDLSFTPVPKDDLYNNLIVNPRSVGLANQELAEVVSRAVSDGYSCVTLGGDH
SLAIGTISGHARHCPDLCVVWVDAHADINTPLTTSSGNLHGQPVSFLLRELQDKVPQLPG
FSWIKPCISSASIVYIGLRDVDPPEHFILKNYDIQYFSMRDIDRLGIQKVMERTFDLLIG
KRQRPIHLSFDIDAFDPTLAPATGTPVVGGLTYREGMYIAEEIHNTGLLSALDLVEVNPQ
LATSEEEAKTTANLAVDVIASSFGQTREGGHIVYDQLPTPSSPDESENQARVRI

• Arginase (PF00491 )

• None

• None

1. SubName: Nitric oxide synthase 1 (Neuronal), isoform CRA_c

MEDHMFGVQQIQPNVISVRLFKRKVGGLGFLVKERVSKPPVIISDLIRGGAAEQSGLIQA
GDIILAVNGRPLVDLSYDSALEVLRGIASETHVVLILRGPEGFTTHLETTFTGDGTPKTI
RVTQPLGPPTKAVDLSHQPPAGKEQPLAVDGASGPGNGPQHAYDDGQEAGSLPHANGLAP
RPPGQDPAKKATRVSLQGRGENNELLKEIEPVLSLLTSGSRGVKGGAPAKAEMKDMGIQV
DRDLDGKSHKPLPLGVENDRVFNDLWGKGNVPVVLNNPYSEKEQPPTSGKQSPTKNGSPS
KCPRFLKVKNWETEVVLTDTLHLKSTLETGCTEYICMGSIMHPSQHARRPEDVRTKGQLF
PLAKEFIDQYYSSIKRFGSKAHMERLEEVNKEIDTTSTYQLKDTELIYGAKHAWRNASRC
VGRIQWSKLQVFDARDCTTAHGMFNYICNHVKYATNKGNLRSAITIFPQRTDGKHDFRVW
NSQLIRYAGYKQPDGSTLGDPANVQFTEICIQQGWKPPRGRFDVLPLLLQANGNDPELFQ
IPPELVLEVPIRHPKFEWFKDLGLKWYGLPAVSNMLLEIGGLEFSACPFSGWYMGTEIGV
RDYCDNSRYNILEEVAKKMNLDMRKTSSLWKDQALVEINIAVLYSFQSDKVTIVDHHSAT
ESFIKHMENEYRCRGGCPADWVWIVPPMSGSITPVFHQEMLNYRLTPSFEYQPDPWNTHV
WKGTNGTPTKRRAIGFKKLAEAVKFSAKLMGQAMAKRVKATILYATETGKSQAYAKTLCE
IFKHAFDAKVMSMEEYDIVHLEHETLVLVVTSTFGNGDPPENGEKFGCALMEMRHPNSVQ
EERKSYKVRFNSVSSYSDSQKSSGDGPDLRDNFESAGPLANVRFSVFGLGSRAYPHFCAF
GHAVDTLLEELGGERILKMREGDELCGQEEAFRTWAKKVFKAACDVFCVGDDVNIEKANN
SLISNDRSWKRNKFRLTFVAEAPELTQGLSNVHKKRVSAARLLSRQNLQSPKSSRSTIFV
RLHTNGSQELQYQPGDHLGVFPGNHEDLVNALIERLEDAPPVNQMVKVELLEERNTALGV
ISNWTDELRLPPCTIFQAFKYYLDITTPPTPLQLQQFASLATSEKEKQRLLVLSKGLQEY
EEWKWGKNPTIVEVLEEFPSIQMPATLLLTQLSLLQPRYYSISSSPDMYPDEVHLTVAIV
SYRTRDGEGPIHHGVCSSWLNRIQADELVPCFVRGAPSFHLPRNPQVPCILVGPGTGIAP
FRSFWQQRQFDIQHKGMNPCPMVLVFGCRQSKIDHIYREETLQAKNKGVFRELYTAYSRE
PDKPKKYVQDILQEQLAESVYRALKEQGGHIYVCGDVTMAADVLKAIQRIMTQQGKLSAE
DAGVFISRMRDDNRYHEDIFGVTLRTYEVTNRLRSESIAFIEESKKDTDEVFSS

• FAD_binding_1 (PF00667 )
• Flavodoxin_1 (PF00258 )
• NAD_binding_1 (PF00175 )
• NO_synthase (PF02898 )
• PDZ (PF00595 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGGATCACATGTTCGGTGTTCAGCAAATCCAGCCCAATGTCATTTCTGTTCGTCTC
TTCAAGCGCAAAGTTGGGGGCCTGGGATTTCTGGTGAAGGAGCGGGTCAGTAAGCCGCCC
GTGATCATCTCTGACCTGATTCGTGGGGGCGCCGCAGAGCAGAGTGGCCTCATCCAGGCC
GGAGACATCATTCTTGCGGTCAACGGCCGGCCCTTGGTGGACCTGAGCTATGACAGCGCC
CTGGAGGTACTCAGAGGCATTGCCTCTGAGACCCACGTGGTCCTCATTCTGAGGGGCCCT
GAAGGTTTCACCACGCACCTGGAGACCACCTTTACAGGTGATGGGACCCCCAAGACCATC
CGGGTGACACAGCCCCTGGGTCCCCCCACCAAAGCCGTGGATCTGTCCCACCAGCCACCG
GCCGGCAAAGAACAGCCCCTGGCAGTGGATGGGGCCTCGGGTCCCGGGAATGGGCCTCAG
CATGCCTACGATGATGGGCAGGAGGCTGGCTCACTCCCCCATGCCAACGGCCTGGCCCCC
AGGCCCCCAGGCCAGGACCCCGCGAAGAAAGCAACCAGAGTCAGCCTCCAAGGCAGAGGG
GAGAACAATGAACTGCTCAAGGAGATAGAGCCTGTGCTGAGCCTTCTCACCAGTGGGAGC
AGAGGGGTCAAGGGAGGGGCACCTGCCAAGGCAGAGATGAAAGATATGGGAATCCAGGTG
GACAGAGATTTGGACGGCAAGTCACACAAACCTCTGCCCCTCGGCGTGGAGAACGACCGA
GTCTTCAATGACCTATGGGGGAAGGGCAATGTGCCTGTCGTCCTCAACAACCCATATTCA
GAGAAGGAGCAGCCCCCCACCTCAGGAAAACAGTCCCCCACAAAGAATGGCAGCCCCTCC
AAGTGTCCACGCTTCCTCAAGGTCAAGAACTGGGAGACTGAGGTGGTTCTCACTGACACC
CTCCACCTTAAGAGCACATTGGAAACGGGATGCACTGAGTACATCTGCATGGGCTCCATC
ATGCATCCTTCTCAGCATGCAAGGAGGCCTGAAGACGTCCGCACAAAAGGACAGCTCTTC
CCTCTCGCCAAAGAGTTTATTGATCAATACTATTCATCAATTAAAAGATTTGGCTCCAAA
GCCCACATGGAAAGGCTGGAAGAGGTGAACAAAGAGATCGACACCACTAGCACTTACCAG
CTCAAGGACACAGAGCTCATCTATGGGGCCAAGCACGCCTGGCGGAATGCCTCGCGCTGT
GTGGGCAGGATCCAGTGGTCCAAGCTGCAGGTATTCGATGCCCGTGACTGCACCACGGCC
CACGGGATGTTCAACTACATCTGTAACCATGTCAAGTATGCCACCAACAAAGGGAACCTC
AGGTCTGCCATCACCATATTCCCCCAGAGGACAGACGGCAAGCACGACTTCCGAGTCTGG
AACTCCCAGCTCATCCGCTACGCTGGCTACAAGCAGCCTGACGGCTCCACCCTGGGGGAC
CCAGCCAATGTGCAGTTCACAGAGATATGCATACAGCAGGGCTGGAAACCGCCTAGAGGC
CGCTTCGATGTCCTGCCGCTCCTGCTTCAGGCCAACGGCAATGACCCTGAGCTCTTCCAG
ATTCCTCCAGAGCTGGTGTTGGAAGTTCCCATCAGGCACCCCAAGTTTGAGTGGTTCAAG
GACCTGGGGCTGAAGTGGTACGGCCTCCCCGCCGTGTCCAACATGCTCCTAGAGATTGGC
GGCCTGGAGTTCAGCGCCTGTCCCTTCAGTGGCTGGTACATGGGCACAGAGATTGGTGTC
CGCGACTACTGTGACAACTCCCGCTACAATATCCTGGAGGAAGTGGCCAAGAAGATGAAC
TTAGACATGAGGAAGACGTCCTCCCTGTGGAAGGACCAGGCGCTGGTGGAGATCAATATC
GCGGTTCTCTATAGCTTCCAGAGTGACAAAGTGACCATTGTTGACCATCACTCCGCCACC
GAGTCCTTCATTAAGCACATGGAGAATGAGTACCGCTGCCGGGGGGGCTGCCCTGCCGAC
TGGGTGTGGATCGTGCCCCCCATGTCCGGAAGCATCACCCCTGTGTTCCACCAGGAGATG
CTCAACTACCGGCTCACCCCCTCCTTCGAATACCAGCCTGATCCCTGGAACACGCATGTC
TGGAAAGGCACCAACGGGACCCCCACAAAGCGGCGAGCCATTGGCTTCAAGAAGCTAGCA
GAAGCTGTCAAGTTCTCGGCCAAGCTGATGGGGCAGGCTATGGCCAAGAGGGTGAAAGCG
ACCATCCTCTATGCCACAGAGACAGGCAAATCGCAAGCTTATGCCAAGACCTTGTGTGAG
ATCTTCAAACACGCCTTTGATGCCAAGGTGATGTCCATGGAAGAATATGACATTGTGCAC
CTGGAACATGAAACTCTGGTCCTTGTGGTCACCAGCACCTTTGGCAATGGAGATCCCCCT
GAGAATGGGGAGAAATTCGGCTGTGCTTTGATGGAAATGAGGCACCCCAACTCTGTGCAG
GAAGAAAGGAAGAGCTACAAGGTCCGATTCAACAGCGTCTCCTCCTACTCTGACTCCCAA
AAATCATCAGGCGATGGGCCCGACCTCAGAGACAACTTTGAGAGTGCTGGACCCCTGGCC
AATGTGAGGTTCTCAGTTTTTGGCCTCGGCTCACGAGCATACCCTCACTTTTGCGCCTTC
GGACACGCTGTGGACACCCTCCTGGAAGAACTGGGAGGGGAGAGGATCCTGAAGATGAGG
GAAGGGGATGAGCTCTGTGGGCAGGAAGAGGCTTTCAGGACCTGGGCCAAGAAGGTCTTC
AAGGCAGCCTGTGATGTCTTCTGTGTGGGAGATGATGTCAACATTGAAAAGGCCAACAAT
TCCCTCATCAGCAATGATCGCAGCTGGAAGAGAAACAAGTTCCGCCTCACCTTTGTGGCC
GAAGCTCCAGAACTCACACAAGGTCTATCCAATGTCCACAAAAAGCGAGTCTCAGCTGCC
CGGCTCCTTAGCCGTCAAAACCTCCAGAGCCCTAAATCCAGTCGGTCAACTATCTTCGTG
CGTCTCCACACCAACGGGAGCCAGGAGCTGCAGTACCAGCCTGGGGACCACCTGGGTGTC
TTCCCTGGCAACCACGAGGACCTCGTGAATGCCCTGATCGAGCGGCTGGAGGACGCGCCG
CCTGTCAACCAGATGGTGAAAGTGGAACTGCTGGAGGAGCGGAACACGGCTTTAGGTGTC
ATCAGTAACTGGACAGACGAGCTCCGCCTCCCGCCCTGCACCATCTTCCAGGCCTTCAAG
TACTACCTGGACATCACCACGCCACCAACGCCTCTGCAGCTGCAGCAGTTTGCCTCCCTA
GCTACCAGCGAGAAGGAGAAGCAGCGTCTGCTGGTCCTCAGCAAGGGTTTGCAGGAGTAC
GAGGAATGGAAATGGGGCAAGAACCCCACCATCGTGGAGGTGCTGGAGGAGTTCCCATCT
ATCCAGATGCCGGCCACCCTGCTCCTGACCCAGCTGTCCCTGCTGCAGCCCCGCTACTAT
TCCATCAGCTCCTCCCCAGACATGTACCCTGATGAAGTGCACCTCACTGTGGCCATCGTT
TCCTACCGCACTCGAGATGGAGAAGGACCAATTCACCACGGCGTATGCTCCTCCTGGCTC
AACCGGATACAGGCTGACGAACTGGTCCCCTGTTTCGTGAGAGGAGCACCCAGCTTCCAC
CTGCCCCGGAACCCCCAAGTCCCCTGCATCCTCGTTGGACCAGGCACCGGCATTGCCCCT
TTCCGAAGCTTCTGGCAACAGCGGCAATTTGATATCCAACACAAAGGAATGAACCCCTGC
CCCATGGTCCTGGTCTTCGGGTGCCGGCAATCCAAGATAGATCATATCTACAGGGAAGAG
ACCCTGCAGGCCAAGAACAAGGGGGTCTTCAGAGAGCTGTACACGGCTTACTCCCGGGAG
CCAGACAAACCAAAGAAGTACGTGCAGGACATCCTGCAGGAGCAGCTGGCGGAGTCTGTG
TACCGAGCCCTGAAGGAGCAAGGGGGCCACATATACGTCTGTGGGGACGTCACCATGGCT
GCTGATGTCCTCAAAGCCATCCAGCGCATCATGACCCAGCAGGGGAAGCTCTCGGCAGAG
GACGCCGGCGTATTCATCAGCCGGATGAGGGATGACAACCGATACCATGAGGATATTTTT
GGAGTCACCCTGCGAACGTACGAAGTGACCAACCGCCTTAGATCTGAGTCCATTGCCTTC
ATTGAAGAGAGCAAAAAAGACACCGATGAGGTTTTCAGCTCCTAA

MEKYVAAMVLSAAGDALGYYNGKWEFLQDGEKIHRQLAQLGGLDALDVGRWRVSDDTVMH
LATAEALVEAGKAPKLTQLYYLLAKHYQDCMEDMDGRAPGGASVHNAMQLKPGKPNGWRI
PFNSHEGGCGAAMRAMCIGLRFPHHSQLDTLIQVSIESGRMTHHHPTGYLGALASALFTA
YAVNSRPPLQWGKGLMELLPEAKKYIVQSGYFVEENLQHWSYFQTKWENYLKLRGILDGE
SAPTFPESFGVKERDQFYTSLSYSGWGGSSGHDAPMIAYDAVLAAGDSWKELAHRAFFHG
GDSDSTAAIAGCWWGVMYGFKGVSPSNYEKLEYRNRLEETARALYSLGSKEDTVISL

• ADP_ribosyl_GH (PF03747 )

• None

• None

1. ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase
2. ADP-ribose-L-arginine cleaving enzyme

MEKYVAAMVLSAAGDALGYYNGKWEFLQDGEKIHRQLAQLGGLDALDVGRWRVSDDTVMH
LATAEALVEAGKAPKLTQLYYLLAKHYQDCMEDMDGRAPGGASVHNAMQLKPGKPNGWRI
PFNSHEGGCGAAMRAMCIGLRFPHHSQLDTLIQVSIESGRMTHHHPTGYLGALASALFTA
YAVNSRPPLQWGKGLMELLPEAKKYIVQSGYFVEENLQHWSYFQTKWENYLKLRGILDGE
SAPTFPESFGVKERDQFYTSLSYSGWGGSSGHDAPMIAYDAVLAAGDSWKELAHRAFFHG
GDSDSTAAIAGCWWGVMYGFKGVSPSNYEKLEYRNRLEETARALYSLGSKEDTVISL

• (1) protein-Nomega-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-arginine + H2O = ADP-ribose + protein-L-arginine [RN:R07626]
• (2) Nomega-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-arginine + H2O = ADP-ribose + L-arginine [RN:R01886]

• ADP_ribosyl_GH (PF03747 )

• None

• None