1. 1-Heptadecanecarboxylate
2. 1-Heptadecanecarboxylic acid
3. Octadecanoate
4. Octadecanoic acid
5. Stearate
6. Stearex Beads
7. Stearic acid
8. Stearic acid Cherry
9. Stearophanate
10. Stearophanic acid
11. n-Octadecanoate
12. n-Octadecanoic acid

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• Membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Extracellular

• Blood
• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Urine

1. Katsuta Y, Iida T, Inomata S, Denda M: Unsaturated fatty acids induce calcium influx into keratinocytes and cause abnormal differentiation of epidermis. J Invest Dermatol. 2005 May;124(5):1008-13. [PubMed ]
2. Crocker I, Lawson N, Daniels I, Baker P, Fletcher J: Significance of fatty acids in pregnancy-induced immunosuppression. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999 Jul;6(4):587-93. [PubMed ]
3. Sanjurjo P, Rodriguez-Alarcon J, Rodriguez-Soriano J: Plasma fatty acid composition during the first week of life following feeding with human milk or formula. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1988 Mar;77(2):202-6. [PubMed ]
4. Neoptolemos JP, Thomas BS: Erythrocyte membrane stearic acid: oleic acid ratios in colorectal cancer using tube capillary column gas liquid chromatography. Ann Clin Biochem. 1990 Jan;27 ( Pt 1):38-43. [PubMed ]
5. Turpeinen AM, Wubert J, Aro A, Lorenz R, Mutanen M: Similar effects of diets rich in stearic acid or trans-fatty acids on platelet function and endothelial prostacyclin production in humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998 Feb;18(2):316-22. [PubMed ]
6. Daubresse JC: [Atherosclerosis and nutrition] Rev Med Brux. 2000 Sep;21(4):A359-62. [PubMed ]
7. Hoppu U, Rinne M, Lampi AM, Isolauri E: Breast milk fatty acid composition is associated with development of atopic dermatitis in the infant. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005 Sep;41(3):335-8. [PubMed ]
8. Hoffmann GF, Meier-Augenstein W, Stockler S, Surtees R, Rating D, Nyhan WL: Physiology and pathophysiology of organic acids in cerebrospinal fluid. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1993;16(4):648-69. [PubMed ]
9. Musial W, Kubis A: Preliminary assessment of alginic acid as a factor buffering triethanolamine interacting with artificial skin sebum. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2003 Mar;55(2):237-40. [PubMed ]
10. Doran TA, Ford JA, Allen LC, Wong PY, Benzie RJ: Amniotic fluid lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio, palmitic acid, palmitic acid/stearic acid ratio, total cortisol, creatinine, and percentage of lipid-positive cells in assessment of fetal maturity and fetal pulmonary maturity: a comparison. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1979 Feb 1;133(3):302-7. [PubMed ]
11. Kazmierczak SC, Gurachevsky A, Matthes G, Muravsky V: Electron spin resonance spectroscopy of serum albumin: a novel new test for cancer diagnosis and monitoring. Clin Chem. 2006 Nov;52(11):2129-34. Epub 2006 Sep 21. [PubMed ]
12. Kelly FD, Sinclair AJ, Mann NJ, Turner AH, Abedin L, Li D: A stearic acid-rich diet improves thrombogenic and atherogenic risk factor profiles in healthy males. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001 Feb;55(2):88-96. [PubMed ]
13. Diani F, Cacco M, Molinaroli A, Cerruti G, Meloncelli C, Turinetto A: [Fatty acid composition of the cervical mucus obtained during ovulation and at the term of pregnancy] Minerva Ginecol. 1998 Oct;50(10):405-10. [PubMed ]
14. Wikipedia

1. Fatty acid synthase
2. Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2
3. Group IIF secretory phospholipase A2
4. Cytosolic phospholipase A2
5. Phospholipase A2
6. Group 10 secretory phospholipase A2
7. Galactoside-binding soluble lectin 13
8. Group IIE secretory phospholipase A2
9. Group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2
10. 85 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2
11. Eosinophil lysophospholipase
12. Phospholipase A2, membrane associated
13. Group IID secretory phospholipase A2
14. Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase
15. Hepatic triacylglycerol lipase
16. Pancreatic lipase-related protein 1
17. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3
18. Gastric triacylglycerol lipase
19. Endothelial lipase
20. Bile salt-activated lipase
21. Pancreatic lipase-related protein 2
22. Lipoprotein lipase
23. Liver carboxylesterase 1
24. Carboxylesterase 2
25. Cholinesterase
26. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma
27. Hormone-sensitive lipase
28. Group 3 secretory phospholipase A2
29. Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase
30. Acylphosphatase-2
31. Acylphosphatase-1
32. Aminoacylase-1
33. Aspartoacylase
34. Aspartoacylase-2
35. Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase
36. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 2, mitochondrial
37. Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8
38. Acid ceramidase
39. Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 1
40. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
41. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 6
42. Thioesterase domain containing 1
43. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 3
44. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 4
45. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1
46. Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4
47. 60 kDa lysophospholipase
48. Phospholipase B1, membrane-associated
49. Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2
50. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta
51. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon
52. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta
53. Calcium-independent phospholipase A2-gamma
54. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta
55. Putative neutral ceramidase C
56. Alkaline ceramidase 2
57. Alkaline ceramidase 2
58. Neutral ceramidase
59. Acyl-CoA thioesterase 4
60. Carboxylesterase 7
61. Alkaline ceramidase 1
62. Neuropathy target esterase
63. Pancreatic lipase-related protein 3
64. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B isoform a variant
65. cDNA FLJ76296, highly similar to Homo sapiens carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (muscle) (CPT1B), transcript variant 1, mRNA
66. Carboxylesterase 3
67. Peroxisome proliferative acitvated receptor gamma
68. CREB3L2-PPARgamma
69. cDNA FLJ57380, highly similar to Adipophilin
70. Adipose differentiation-related protein
71. ADFP protein
72. Peroxisome proliferator activated-receptor gamma
73. cDNA FLJ53798, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (EC 6.2.1.-)
74. Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma isoform 2 variant
75. cDNA FLJ14598 fis, clone NT2RM4002558, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 (EC 6.2.1.-)
76. cDNA FLJ61377, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (EC 6.2.1.-)
77. CPT1B protein
78. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
79. CPT1B protein
80. cDNA FLJ90350 fis, clone NT2RP2003210, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 (EC 6.2.1.-)
81. cDNA FLJ50069, highly similar to Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (EC 6.2.1.-)
82. S-acyl fatty acid synthase thioesterase, medium chain

1. [Acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase
2. [Acyl-carrier-protein] S-malonyltransferase
3. 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase
4. 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase
5. 3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] dehydratase
6. Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase
7. Oleoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] hydrolase

MEEVVIAGMSGKLPESENLQEFWDNLIGGVDMVTDDDRRWKAGLYGLPRRSGKLKDLSRF
DASFFGVHPKQAHTMDPQLRLLLEVTYEAIVDGGINPDSLRGTHTGVWVGVSGSETSEAL
SRDPETLVGYSMVGCQRAMMANRLSFFFDFRGPSIALDTACSSSLMALQNAYQAIHSGQC
PAAIVGGINVLLKPNTSVQFLRLGMLSPEGTCKAFDTAGNGYCRSEGVVAVLLTKKSLAR
RVYATILNAGTNTDGFKEQGVTFPSGDIQEQLIRSLYQSAGVAPESFEYIEAHGTGTKVG
DPQELNGITRALCATRQEPLLIGSTKSNMGHPEPASGLAALAKVLLSLEHGLWAPNLHFH
SPNPEIPALLDGRLQVVDQPLPVRGGNVGINSFGFGGSNVHIILRPNTQPPPAPAPHATL
PRLLRASGRTPEAVQKLLEQGLRHSQDLAFLSMLNDIAAVPATAMPFRGYAVLGGERGGP
EVQQVPAGERPLWFICSGMGTQWRGMGLSLMRLDRFRDSILRSDEAVKPFGLKVSQLLLS
TDESTFDDIVHSFVSLTAIQIGLIDLLSCMGLRPDGIVGHSLGEVACGYADGCLSQEEAV
LAAYWRGQCIKEAHLPPGAMAAVGLSWEECKQRCPPGVVPACHNSKDTVTISGPQAPVFE
FVEQLRKEGVFAKEVRTGGMAFHSYFMEAIAPPLLQELKKVIREPKPRSARWLSTSIPEA
QWHSSLARTSSAEYNVNNLVSPVLFQEALWHVPEHAVVLEIAPHALLQAVLKRGLKPSCT
IIPLMKKDHRDNLEFFLAGIGRLHLSGIDANPNALFPPVEFPAPRGTPLISPLIKWDHSL
AWDVPAAEDFPNGSGSPSAAIYNIDTSSESPDHYLVDHTLDGRVLFPATGYLSIVWKTLA
RALGLGVEQLPVVFEDVVLHQATILPKTGTVSLEVRLLEASRAFEVSENGNLVVSGKVYQ
WDDPDPRLFDHPESPTPNPTEPLFLAQAEVYKELRLRGYDYGPHFQGILEASLEGDSGRL
LWKDNWVSFMDTMLQMSILGSAKHGLYLPTRVTAIHIDPATHRQKLYTLQDKAQVADVVV
SRWLRVTVAGGVHISGLHTESAPRRQQEQQVPILEKFCFTPHTEEGCLSERAALQEELQL
CKGLVQALQTKVTQQGLKMVVPGLDGAQIPRDPSQQELPRLLSAACRLQLNGNLQLELAQ
VLAQERPKLPEDPLLSGLLDSPALKACLDTAVENMPSLKMKVVEVLAGHGHLYSRIPGLL
SPHPLLQLSYTATDRHPQALEAAQAELQQHDVAQGQWDPADPAPSALGSADLLVCNCAVA
ALGDPASALSNMVAALREGGFLLLHTLLRGHPLGDIVAFLTSTEPQYGQGILSQDAWESL
FSRVSLRLVGLKKSFYGSTLFLCRRPTPQDSPIFLPVDDTSFRWVESLKGILADEDSSRP
VWLKAINCATSGVVGLVNCLRREPGGNRLRCVLLSNLSSTSHVPEVDPGSAELQKVLQGD
LVMNVYRDGAWGAFRHFLLEEDKPEEPTAHAFVSTLTRGDLSSIRWVCSSLRHAQPTCPG
AQLCTVYYASLNFRDIMLATGKLSPDAIPGKWTSQDSLLGMEFSGRDASGKRVMGLVPAK
GLATSVLLSPDFLWDVPSNWTLEEAASVPVVYSTAYYALVVRGRVRPGETLLIHSGSGGV
GQAAIAIALSLGCRVFTTVGSAEKRAYLQARFPQLDSTSFANSRDTSFEQHVLWHTGGKG
VDLVLNSLAEEKLQASVRCLATHGRFLEIGKFDLSQNHPLGMAIFLKNVTFHGVLLDAFF
NESSADWREVWALVQAGIRDGVVRPLKCTVFHGAQVEDAFRYMAQGKHIGKVVVQVLAEE
PEAVLKGAKPKLMSAISKTFCPAHKSYIIAGGLGGFGLELAQWLIQRGVQKLVLTSRSGI
RTGYQAKQVRRWRRQGVQVQVSTSNISSLEGARGLIAEAAQLGPVGGVFNLAVVLRDGLL
ENQTPEFFQDVCKPKYSGTLNLDRVTREACPELDYFVVFSSVSCGRGNAGQSNYGFANSA
MERICEKRRHEGLPGLAVQWGAIGDVGILVETMSTNDTIVSGTLPQRMASCLEVLDLFLN
QPHMVLSSFVLAEKAAAYRDRDSQRDLVEAVAHILGIRDLAAVNLDSSLADLGLDSLMSV
EVRQTLERELNLVLSVREVRQLTLRKLQELSSKADEASELACPTPKEDGLAQQQTQLNLR
SLLVNPEGPTLMRLNSVQSSERPLFLVHPIEGSTTVFHSLASRLSIPTYGLQCTRAAPLD
SIHSLAAYYIDCIRQVQPEGPYRVAGYSYGACVAFEMCSQLQAQQSPAPTHNSLFLFDGS
PTYVLAYTQSYRAKLTPGCEAEAETEAICFFVQQFTDMEHNRVLEALLPLKGLEERVAAA
VDLIIKSHQGLDRQELSFAARSFYYKLRAAEQYTPKAKYHGNVMLLRAKTGGAYGEDLGA
DYNLSQVCDGKVSVHVIEGDHRTLLEGSGLESIISIIHSSLAEPRVSVREG

• Fatty Acid Biosynthesis (map00061 )

• a (3R)-3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = a hexadec-2-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O [RN:R04462]

• Acyl_transf_1 (PF00698 )
• ADH_zinc_N (PF00107 )
• ketoacyl-synt (PF00109 )
• Ketoacyl-synt_C (PF02801 )
• KR (PF08659 )
• Methyltransf_12 (PF08242 )
• PP-binding (PF00550 )
• Thioesterase (PF00975 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGGAGGTGGTGATTGCCGGCATGTCCGGGAAGCTGCCAGAGTCGGAGAACTTGCAG
GAGTTCTGGGACAACCTCATCGGCGGTGTGGACATGGTCACGGACGATGACCGTCGCTGG
AAGGCGGGGCTCTACGGCCTGCCCCGGCGGTCCGGCAAGCTGAAGGACCTGTCTAGGTTT
GATGCCTCCTTCTTCGGAGTCCACCCCAAGCAGGCACACACGATGGACCCTCAGCTGCGG
CTGCTGCTGGAAGTCACCTATGAAGCCATCGTGGACGGAGGCATCAACCCAGATTCACTC
CGAGGAACACACACTGGCGTCTGGGTGGGCGTGAGCGGCTCTGAGACCTCGGAGGCCCTG
AGCCGAGACCCCGAGACACTCGTGGGCTACAGCATGGTGGGCTGCCAGCGAGCGATGATG
GCCAACCGGCTCTCCTTCTTCTTCGACTTCAGAGGGCCCAGCATCGCACTGGACACAGCC
TGCTCCTCCAGCCTGATGGCCCTGCAGAACGCCTACCAGGCCATCCACAGCGGGCAGTGC
CCTGCCGCCATCGTGGGGGGCATCAATGTCCTGCTGAAGCCCAACACCTCCGTGCAGTTC
TTGAGGCTGGGGATGCTCAGCCCCGAGGGCACCTGCAAGGCCTTCGACACAGCGGGGAAT
GGGTACTGCCGCTCGGAGGGTGTGGTGGCCGTCCTGCTGACCAAGAAGTCCCTGGCCCGG
CGGGTGTACGCCACCATCCTGAACGCCGGCACCAATACAGATGGCTTCAAGGAGCAAGGC
GTGACCTTCCCCTCAGGGGATATCCAGGAGCAGCTCATCCGCTCGTTGTACCAGTCGGCC
GGAGTGGCCCCTGAGTCATTTGAATACATCGAAGCCCACGGCACAGGCACCAAGGTGGGC
GACCCCCAGGAGCTGAATGGCATCACCCGAGCCCTGTGCGCCACCCGCCAGGAGCCGCTG
CTCATCGGCTCCACCAAGTCCAACATGGGGCACCCGGAGCCAGCCTCGGGGCTGGCAGCC
CTGGCCAAGGTGCTGCTGTCCCTGGAGCACGGGCTCTGGGCCCCCAACCTGCACTTCCAT
AGCCCCAACCCTGAGATCCCAGCGCTGTTGGATGGGCGGCTGCAGGTGGTGGACCAGCCC
CTGCCCGTCCGTGGCGGCAACGTGGGCATCAACTCCTTTGGCTTCGGGGGCTCCAACGTG
CACATCATCCTGAGGCCCAACACGCAGCCGCCCCCCGCACCCGCCCCACATGCCACCCTG
CCCCGTCTGCTGCGGGCCAGCGGACGCACCCCTGAGGCCGTGCAGAAGCTGCTGGAGCAG
GGCCTCCGGCACAGCCAGGACCTGGCTTTCCTGAGCATGCTGAACGACATCGCGGCTGTC
CCCGCCACCGCCATGCCCTTCCGTGGCTACGCTGTGCTGGGTGGTGAGCGCGGTGGCCCA
GAGGTGCAGCAGGTGCCCGCTGGCGAGCGCCCGCTCTGGTTCATCTGCTCTGGGATGGGC
ACACAGTGGCGCGGGATGGGGCTGAGCCTCATGCGCCTGGACCGCTTCCGAGATTCCATC
CTACGCTCCGATGAGGCTGTGAAGCCATTCGGCCTGAAGGTGTCACAGCTGCTGCTGAGC
ACAGACGAGAGCACCTTTGATGACATCGTCCATTCGTTTGTGAGCCTGACTGCCATCCAG
ATAGGCCTCATAGACCTGCTGAGCTGCATGGGGCTGAGGCCAGATGGCATCGTCGGCCAC
TCCCTGGGGGAGGTGGCCTGTGGCTACGCCGACGGCTGCCTGTCCCAGGAGGAGGCCGTC
CTCGCTGCCTACTGGAGGGGACAGTGCATCAAAGAAGCCCATCTCCCGCCGGGCGCCATG
GCAGCCGTGGGCTTGTCCTGGGAGGAGTGTAAACAGCGCTGCCCCCCGGGCGTGGTGCCC
GCCTGCCACAACTCCAAGGACACAGTCACCATCTCGGGACCTCAGGCCCCGGTGTTTGAG
TTCGTGGAGCAGCTGAGGAAGGAGGGTGTGTTTGCCAAGGAGGTGCGGACCGGCGGTATG
GCCTTCCACTCCTACTTCATGGAGGCCATCGCACCCCCACTGCTGCAGGAGCTCAAGAAG
GTGATCCGGGAGCCGAAGCCACGTTCAGCCCGCTGGCTCAGCACCTCTATCCCCGAGGCC
CAGTGGCACAGCAGCCTGGCACGCACGTCCTCCGCCGAGTACAATGTCAACAACCTGGTG
AGCCCTGTGCTGTTCCAGGAGGCCCTGTGGCACGTGCCTGAGCACGCGGTGGTGCTGGAG
ATCGCGCCCCACGCCCTGCTGCAGGCTGTCCTGAAGCGTGGCCTGAAGCCGAGCTGCACC
ATCATCCCCCTGATGAAGAAGGATCACAGGGACAACCTGGAGTTCTTCCTGGCCGGCATC
GGCAGGCTGCACCTCTCAGGCATCGACGCCAACCCCAATGCCTTGTTCCCACCTGTGGAG
TTCCCAGCTCCCCGAGGAACTCCCCTCATCTCCCCACTCATCAAGTGGGACCACAGCCTG
GCCTGGGACGTGCCGGCCGCCGAGGACTTCCCCAACGGTTCAGGTTCCCCCTCAGCCGCC
ATCTACAACATCGACACCAGCTCCGAGTCTCCTGACCACTACCTGGTGGACCACACCCTC
GACGGTCGCGTCCTCTTCCCCGCCACTGGCTACCTGAGCATAGTGTGGAAGACGCTGGCC
CGCGCCCTGGGCCTGGGCGTCGAGCAGCTGCCTGTGGTGTTTGAGGATGTGGTGCTGCAC
CAGGCCACCATCCTGCCCAAGACTGGGACAGTGTCCCTGGAGGTACGGCTCCTGGAGGCC
TCCCGTGCCTTCGAGGTGTCAGAGAACGGCAACCTGGTAGTGAGTGGGAAGGTGTACCAG
TGGGATGACCCTGACCCCAGGCTCTTCGACCACCCGGAAAGCCCCACCCCCAACCCCACG
GAGCCCCTCTTCCTGGCCCAGGCTGAAGTTTACAAGGAGCTGCGTCTGCGTGGCTACGAC
TACGGCCCTCATTTCCAGGGCATCCTGGAGGCCAGCCTGGAAGGTGACTCGGGGAGGCTG
CTGTGGAAGGATAACTGGGTGAGCTTCATGGACACCATGCTGCAGATGTCCATCCTGGGC
TCGGCCAAGCACGGCCTGTACCTGCCCACCCGTGTCACCGCCATCCACATCGACCCTGCC
ACCCACAGGCAGAAGCTGTACACACTGCAGGACAAGGCCCAAGTGGCTGACGTGGTGGTG
AGCAGGTGGCTGAGGGTCACAGTGGCCGGAGGCGTCCACATCTCCGGGCTCCACACTGAG
TCGGCCCCGCGGCGGCAGCAGGAGCAGCAGGTGCCCATCCTGGAGAAGTTTTGCTTCACT
CCCCACACGGAGGAGGGGTGCCTGTCTGAGCGCGCTGCCCTGCAGGAGGAGCTGCAACTG
TGCAAGGGGCTGGTGCAGGCACTGCAGACCAAGGTGACCCAGCAGGGGCTGAAGATGGTG
GTGCCCGGACTGGATGGGGCCCAGATCCCCCGGGACCCCTCACAGCAGGAACTGCCCCGG
CTGTTGTCGGCTGCCTGCAGGCTTCAGCTCAACGGGAACCTGCAGCTGGAGCTGGCGCAG
GTGCTGGCCCAGGAGAGGCCCAAGCTGCCAGAGGACCCTCTGCTCAGCGGCCTCCTGGAC
TCCCCGGCACTCAAGGCCTGCCTGGACACTGCCGTGGAGAACATGCCCAGCCTGAAGATG
AAGGTGGTGGAGGTGCTGGCTGGCCACGGTCACCTGTATTCCCGCATCCCAGGCCTGCTC
AGCCCCCATCCCCTGCTGCAGCTGAGCTACACGGCCACCGACCGCCACCCCCAGGCCCTG
GAGGCTGCCCAGGCCGAGCTGCAGCAGCACGACGTTGCCCAGGGCCAGTGGGATCCCGCA
GACCCTGCCCCCAGCGCCCTGGGCAGCGCCGACCTCCTGGTGTGCAACTGTGCTGTGGCT
GCCCTCGGGGACCCGGCCTCAGCTCTCAGCAACATGGTGGCTGCCCTGAGAGAAGGGGGC
TTTCTGCTCCTGCACACACTGCTCCGGGGGCACCCCCTCGGGGACATCGTGGCCTTCCTC
ACCTCCACTGAGCCGCAGTATGGCCAGGGCATCCTGAGCCAGGACGCGTGGGAGAGCCTC
TTCTCCAGGGTGTCGCTGCGCCTGGTGGGCCTGAAGAAGTCCTTCTACGGCTCCACGCTC
TTCCTGTGCCGCCGGCCCACCCCGCAGGACAGCCCCATCTTCCTGCCGGTGGACGATACC
AGCTTCCGCTGGGTGGAGTCTCTGAAGGGCATCCTGGCTGACGAAGACTCTTCCCGGCCT
GTGTGGCTGAAGGCCATCAACTGTGCCACCTCGGGCGTGGTGGGCTTGGTGAACTGTCTC
CGCCGAGAGCCCGGCGGGAACCGCCTCCGGTGTGTGCTGCTCTCCAACCTCAGCAGCACC
TCCCACGTCCCGGAGGTGGACCCGGGCTCCGCAGAACTGCAGAAGGTGTTGCAGGGAGAC
CTGGTGATGAACGTCTACCGCGACGGGGCCTGGGGGGCTTTCCGCCACTTCCTGCTGGAG
GAGGACAAGCCTGAGGAGCCGACGGCACATGCCTTTGTGAGCACCCTCACCCGGGGGGAC
CTGTCCTCCATCCGCTGGGTCTGCTCCTCGCTGCGCCATGCCCAGCCCACCTGCCCTGGC
GCCCAGCTCTGCACGGTCTACTACGCCTCCCTCAACTTCCGCGACATCATGCTGGCCACT
GGCAAGCTGTCCCCTGATGCCATCCCAGGGAAGTGGACCTCCCAGGACAGCCTGCTAGGT
ATGGAGTTCTCGGGCCGAGACGCCAGCGGCAAGCGTGTGATGGGACTGGTGCCTGCCAAG
GGCCTGGCCACCTCTGTCCTGCTGTCACCGGACTTCCTCTGGGATGTGCCTTCCAACTGG
ACGCTGGAGGAGGCGGCCTCGGTGCCTGTCGTCTACAGCACGGCCTACTACGCGCTGGTG
GTGCGTGGGCGGGTGCGCCCCGGGGAGACGCTGCTCATCCACTCGGGCTCGGGCGGCGTG
GGCCAGGCCGCCATCGCCATCGCCCTCAGTCTGGGCTGCCGCGTCTTCACCACCGTGGGG
TCGGCTGAGAAGCGGGCGTACCTCCAGGCCAGGTTCCCCCAGCTCGACAGCACCAGCTTC
GCCAACTCCCGGGACACATCCTTCGAGCAGCATGTGCTGTGGCACACGGGCGGGAAGGGC
GTTGACCTGGTCTTGAACTCCTTGGCGGAAGAGAAGCTGCAGGCCAGCGTGAGGTGCTTG
GCTACGCACGGTCGCTTCCTGGAAATTGGCAAATTCGACCTTTCTCAGAACCACCCGCTC
GGCATGGCTATCTTCCTGAAGAACGTGACATTCCACGGGGTCCTACTGGATGCGTTCTTC
AACGAGAGCAGTGCTGACTGGCGGGAGGTGTGGGCGCTTGTGCAGGCCGGCATCCGGGAT
GGGGTGGTACGGCCCCTCAAGTGCACGGTGTTCCATGGGGCCCAGGTGGAGGACGCCTTC
CGCTACATGGCCCAAGGGAAGCACATTGGCAAAGTCGTCGTGCAGGTGCTTGCGGAGGAG
CCGGAGGCAGTGCTGAAGGGGGCCAAACCCAAGCTGATGTCGGCCATCTCCAAGACCTTC
TGCCCGGCCCACAAGAGCTACATCATCGCTGGTGGTCTGGGTGGCTTCGGCCTGGAGTTG
GCGCAGTGGCTGATACAGCGTGGGGTGCAGAAGCTCGTGTTGACTTCTCGCTCCGGGATC
CGGACAGGCTACCAGGCCAAGCAGGTCCGCCGGTGGAGGCGCCAGGGCGTACAGGTGCAG
GTGTCCACCAGCAACATCAGCTCACTGGAGGGGGCCCGGGGCCTCATTGCCGAGGCGGCG
CAGCTTGGGCCCGTGGGCGGCGTCTTCAACCTGGCCGTGGTCTTGAGAGATGGCTTGCTG
GAGAACCAGACCCCAGAGTTCTTCCAGGACGTCTGCAAGCCCAAGTACAGCGGCACCCTG
AACCTGGACAGGGTGACCCGAGAGGCGTGCCCTGAGCTGGACTACTTTGTGGTCTTCTCC
TCTGTGAGCTGCGGGCGTGGCAATGCGGGACAGAGCAACTACGGCTTTGCCAATTCCGCC
ATGGAGCGTATCTGTGAGAAACGCCGGCACGAAGGCCTCCCAGGCCTGGCCGTGCAGTGG
GGCGCCATCGGCGACGTGGGCATTTTGGTGGAGACGATGAGCACCAACGACACGATCGTC
AGTGGCACGCTGCCCCAGCGCATGGCGTCCTGCCTGGAGGTGCTGGACCTCTTCCTGAAC
CAGCCCCACATGGTCCTGAGCAGCTTTGTGCTGGCTGAGAAGGCTGCGGCCTATAGGGAC
AGGGACAGCCAGCGGGACCTGGTGGAGGCCGTGGCACACATCCTGGGCATCCGCGACTTG
GCTGCTGTCAACCTGGACAGCTCACTGGCGGACCTGGGCCTGGACTCGCTCATGAGCGTG
GAGGTGCGCCAGACGCTGGAGCGTGAGCTCAACCTGGTGCTGTCCGTGCGCGAGGTGCGG
CAACTCACGCTCCGGAAACTGCAGGAGCTGTCCTCAAAGGCGGATGAGGCCAGCGAGCTG
GCATGCCCCACGCCCAAGGAGGATGGTCTGGCCCAGCAGCAGACTCAGCTGAACCTGCGC
TCCCTGCTGGTGAACCCGGAGGGCCCCACCCTGATGCGGCTCAACTCCGTGCAGAGCTCG
GAGCGGCCCCTGTTCCTGGTGCACCCAATCGAGGGCTCCACCACCGTGTTCCACAGCCTG
GCCTCCCGGCTCAGCATCCCCACCTATGGCCTGCAGTGCACCCGAGCTGCGCCCCTTGAC
AGCATCCACAGCCTGGCTGCCTACTACATCGACTGCATCAGGCAGGTGCAGCCCGAGGGC
CCCTACCGCGTGGCCGGCTACTCCTACGGGGCCTGCGTGGCCTTTGAAATGTGCTCCCAG
CTGCAGGCCCAGCAGAGCCCAGCCCCCACCCACAACAGCCTCTTCCTGTTCGACGGCTCG
CCCACCTACGTACTGGCCTACACCCAGAGCTACCGGGCAAAGCTGACCCCAGGCTGTGAG
GCTGAGGCTGAGACGGAGGCCATATGCTTCTTCGTGCAGCAGTTCACGGACATGGAGCAC
AACAGGGTGCTGGAGGCGCTGCTGCCGCTGAAGGGCCTAGAGGAGCGTGTGGCAGCCGCC
GTGGACCTGATCATCAAGAGCCACCAGGGCCTGGACCGCCAGGAGCTGAGCTTTGCGGCC
CGGTCCTTCTACTACAAGCTGCGTGCCGCTGAGCAGTACACACCCAAGGCCAAGTACCAT
GGCAACGTGATGCTACTGCGCGCCAAGACGGGTGGCGCCTACGGCGAGGACCTGGGCGCG
GACTACAACCTCTCCCAGGTATGCGACGGGAAAGTATCCGTCCACGTCATCGAGGGTGAC
CACCGCACGCTGCTGGAGGGCAGCGGCCTGGAGTCCATCATCAGCATCATCCACAGCTCC
CTGGCTGAGCCACGCGTGAGCGTGCGGGAGGGCTAG

1. Jayakumar A, Tai MH, Huang WY, al-Feel W, Hsu M, Abu-Elheiga L, Chirala SS, Wakil SJ: Human fatty acid synthase: properties and molecular cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Sep 12;92(19):8695-9. [PubMed ]
2. Zody MC, Garber M, Adams DJ, Sharpe T, Harrow J, Lupski JR, Nicholson C, Searle SM, Wilming L, Young SK, Abouelleil A, Allen NR, Bi W, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Bugalter BE, Butler J, Chang JL, Chen CK, Cook A, Corum B, Cuomo CA, de Jong PJ, DeCaprio D, Dewar K, FitzGerald M, Gilbert J, Gibson R, Gnerre S, Goldstein S, Grafham DV, Grocock R, Hafez N, Hagopian DS, Hart E, Norman CH, Humphray S, Jaffe DB, Jones M, Kamal M, Khodiyar VK, LaButti K, Laird G, Lehoczky J, Liu X, Lokyitsang T, Loveland J, Lui A, Macdonald P, Major JE, Matthews L, Mauceli E, McCarroll SA, Mihalev AH, Mudge J, Nguyen C, Nicol R, O'Leary SB, Osoegawa K, Schwartz DC, Shaw-Smith C, Stankiewicz P, Steward C, Swarbreck D, Venkataraman V, Whittaker CA, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Bradley A, Hubbard T, Birren BW, Rogers J, Lander ES, Nusbaum C: DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage. Nature. 2006 Apr 20;440(7087):1045-9. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Kuhajda FP, Jenner K, Wood FD, Hennigar RA, Jacobs LB, Dick JD, Pasternack GR: Fatty acid synthesis: a potential selective target for antineoplastic therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jul 5;91(14):6379-83. [PubMed ]
5. Semenkovich CF, Coleman T, Fiedorek FT Jr: Human fatty acid synthase mRNA: tissue distribution, genetic mapping, and kinetics of decay after glucose deprivation. J Lipid Res. 1995 Jul;36(7):1507-21. [PubMed ]
6. Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villen J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP: Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 17;101(33):12130-5. Epub 2004 Aug 9. [PubMed ]
7. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
8. Chi A, Valencia JC, Hu ZZ, Watabe H, Yamaguchi H, Mangini NJ, Huang H, Canfield VA, Cheng KC, Yang F, Abe R, Yamagishi S, Shabanowitz J, Hearing VJ, Wu C, Appella E, Hunt DF: Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes. J Proteome Res. 2006 Nov;5(11):3135-44. [PubMed ]
9. Beausoleil SA, Villen J, Gerber SA, Rush J, Gygi SP: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Oct;24(10):1285-92. Epub 2006 Sep 10. [PubMed ]
10. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
11. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
12. Oppermann FS, Gnad F, Olsen JV, Hornberger R, Greff Z, Keri G, Mann M, Daub H: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009 Jul;8(7):1751-64. Epub 2009 Apr 15. [PubMed ]
13. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
14. Brink J, Ludtke SJ, Yang CY, Gu ZW, Wakil SJ, Chiu W: Quaternary structure of human fatty acid synthase by electron cryomicroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jan 8;99(1):138-43. Epub 2001 Dec 26. [PubMed ]
15. Chakravarty B, Gu Z, Chirala SS, Wakil SJ, Quiocho FA: Human fatty acid synthase: structure and substrate selectivity of the thioesterase domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Nov 2;101(44):15567-72. Epub 2004 Oct 26. [PubMed ]
16. Bunkoczi G, Pasta S, Joshi A, Wu X, Kavanagh KL, Smith S, Oppermann U: Mechanism and substrate recognition of human holo ACP synthase. Chem Biol. 2007 Nov;14(11):1243-53. [PubMed ]
17. Pemble CW 4th, Johnson LC, Kridel SJ, Lowther WT: Crystal structure of the thioesterase domain of human fatty acid synthase inhibited by Orlistat. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Aug;14(8):704-9. Epub 2007 Jul 8. [PubMed ]

1. Group V phospholipase A2
2. PLA2-10
3. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 5

MKGLLPLAWFLACSVPAVQGGLLDLKSMIEKVTGKNALTNYGFYGCYCGWGGRGTPKDGT
DWCCWAHDHCYGRLEEKGCNIRTQSYKYRFAWGVVTCEPGPFCHVNLCACDRKLVYCLKR
NLRSYNPQYQYFPNILCS

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-20

• None

ATGAAAGGCCTCCTCCCACTGGCTTGGTTCCTGGCTTGTAGTGTGCCTGCTGTGCAAGGA
GGCTTGCTGGACCTAAAATCAATGATCGAGAAGGTGACAGGGAAGAACGCCCTGACAAAC
TACGGCTTCTACGGCTGTTACTGCGGCTGGGGCGGCCGAGGAACCCCCAAGGATGGCACC
GATTGGTGCTGTTGGGCGCATGACCACTGCTATGGGCGGCTGGAGGAGAAGGGCTGCAAC
ATTCGCACACAGTCCTACAAATACAGATTCGCGTGGGGCGTGGTCACCTGCGAGCCCGGG
CCCTTCTGCCATGTGAACCTCTGTGCCTGTGACCGGAAGCTCGTCTACTGCCTCAAGAGA
AACCTACGGAGCTACAACCCACAGTACCAATACTTTCCCAACATCCTCTGCTCCTAG

1. Chen J, Engle SJ, Seilhamer JJ, Tischfield JA: Cloning and recombinant expression of a novel human low molecular weight Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jan 28;269(4):2365-8. [PubMed ]
2. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]

1. GIIF sPLA2
2. sPLA2-IIF
3. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 2F

MKKFFTVAILAGSVLSTAHGSLLNLKAMVEAVTGRSAILSFVGYGCYCGLGGRGQPKDEV
DWCCHAHDCCYQELFDQGCHPYVDHYDHTIENNTEIVCSDLNKTECDKQTCMCDKNMVLC
LMNQTYREEYRGFLNVYCQGPTPNCSIYEPPPEEVTCSHQSPAPPAPP

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-20

• None

ATGAAGAAGTTCTTCACCGTGGCCATCCTTGCTGGCAGCGTTCTGTCCACAGCTCACGGC
AGCCTGCTCAACCTGAAGGCCATGGTGGAGGCCGTCACAGGGAGGAGCGCCATCCTGTCC
TTCGTGGGCTACGGTTGCTACTGTGGGCTGGGGGGCCGTGGCCAGCCCAAGGATGAGGTG
GACTGGTGCTGCCACGCCCACGACTGCTGCTACCAGGAACTCTTTGACCAAGGCTGTCAC
CCCTATGTGGACCACTATGATCACACCATCGAGAACAACACTGAGATAGTCTGCAGTGAC
CTCAACAAGACAGAGTGTGACAAGCAGACATGCATGTGTGACAAGAACATGGTTCTGTGC
CTCATGAACCAGACGTACCGAGAGGAGTACCGTGGCTTCCTCAATGTCTACTGCCAGGGC
CCCACGCCCAACTGCAGCATCTATGAACCGCCCCCTGAGGAGGTCACCTGCAGTCACCAA
TCCCCAGCGCCCCCCGCCCCTCCCTAG

1. Valentin E, Singer AG, Ghomashchi F, Lazdunski M, Gelb MH, Lambeau G: Cloning and recombinant expression of human group IIF-secreted phospholipase A(2). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Dec 9;279(1):223-8. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]

1. cPLA2
2. Phospholipase A2 group IVA
3. Phospholipase A2
4. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase
5. Lysophospholipase

MSFIDPYQHIIVEHQYSHKFTVVVLRATKVTKGAFGDMLDTPDPYVELFISTTPDSRKRT
RHFNNDINPVWNETFEFILDPNQENVLEITLMDANYVMDETLGTATFTVSSMKVGEKKEV
PFIFNQVTEMVLEMSLEVCSCPDLRFSMALCDQEKTFRQQRKEHIRESMKKLLGPKNSEG
LHSARDVPVVAILGSGGGFRAMVGFSGVMKALYESGILDCATYVAGLSGSTWYMSTLYSH
PDFPEKGPEEINEELMKNVSHNPLLLLTPQKVKRYVESLWKKKSSGQPVTFTDIFGMLIG
ETLIHNRMNTTLSSLKEKVNTAQCPLPLFTCLHVKPDVSELMFADWVEFSPYEIGMAKYG
TFMAPDLFGSKFFMGTVVKKYEENPLHFLMGVWGSAFSILFNRVLGVSGSQSRGSTMEEE
LENITTKHIVSNDSSDSDDESHEPKGTENEDAGSDYQSDNQASWIHRMIMALVSDSALFN
TREGRAGKVHNFMLGLNLNTSYPLSPLSDFATQDSFDDDELDAAVADPDEFERIYEPLDV
KSKKIHVVDSGLTFNLPYPLILRPQRGVDLIISFDFSARPSDSSPPFKELLLAEKWAKMN
KLPFPKIDPYVFDREGLKECYVFKPKNPDMEKDCPTIIHFVLANINFRKYKAPGVPRETE
EEKEIADFDIFDDPESPFSTFNFQYPNQAFKRLHDLMHFNTLNNIDVIKEAMVESIEYRR
QNPSRCSVSLSNVEARRFFNKEFLSKPKA

• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R07291]

• C2 (PF00168 )
• PLA2_B (PF01735 )

• None

• None

ATGTCATTTATAGATCCTTACCAGCACATTATAGTGGAGCACCAGTATTCCCACAAGTTT
ACGGTAGTGGTGTTACGTGCCACCAAAGTGACAAAGGGGGCCTTTGGTGACATGCTTGAT
ACTCCAGATCCCTATGTGGAACTTTTTATCTCTACAACCCCTGACAGCAGGAAGAGAACA
AGACATTTCAATAATGACATAAACCCTGTGTGGAATGAGACCTTTGAATTTATTTTGGAT
CCTAATCAGGAAAATGTTTTGGAGATTACGTTAATGGATGCCAATTATGTCATGGATGAA
ACTCTAGGGACAGCAACATTTACTGTATCTTCTATGAAGGTGGGAGAAAAGAAAGAAGTT
CCTTTTATTTTCAACCAAGTCACTGAAATGGTTCTAGAAATGTCTCTTGAAGTTTGCTCA
TGCCCAGACCTACGATTTAGTATGGCTCTGTGTGATCAGGAGAAGACTTTCAGACAACAG
AGAAAAGAACACATAAGGGAGAGCATGAAGAAACTCTTGGGTCCAAAGAATAGTGAAGGA
TTGCATTCTGCACGTGATGTGCCTGTGGTAGCCATATTGGGTTCAGGTGGGGGTTTCCGA
GCCATGGTGGGATTCTCTGGTGTGATGAAGGCATTATACGAATCAGGAATTCTGGATTGT
GCTACCTACGTTGCTGGTCTTTCTGGCTCCACCTGGTATATGTCAACCTTGTATTCTCAC
CCTGATTTTCCAGAGAAAGGGCCAGAGGAGATTAATGAAGAACTAATGAAAAATGTTAGC
CACAATCCCCTTTTACTTCTCACACCACAGAAAGTTAAAAGATATGTTGAGTCTTTATGG
AAGAAGAAAAGCTCTGGACAACCTGTCACCTTTACTGATATCTTTGGGATGTTAATAGGA
GAAACACTAATTCATAATAGAATGAATACTACTCTGAGCAGTTTGAAGGAAAAAGTTAAT
ACTGCACAATGCCCTTTACCTCTTTTCACCTGTCTTCATGTCAAACCTGACGTTTCAGAG
CTGATGTTTGCAGATTGGGTTGAATTTAGTCCATACGAAATTGGCATGGCTAAATATGGT
ACTTTTATGGCTCCCGACTTATTTGGAAGCAAATTTTTTATGGGAACAGTCGTTAAGAAG
TATGAAGAAAACCCCTTGCATTTCTTAATGGGTGTCTGGGGCAGTGCCTTTTCCATATTG
TTCAACAGAGTTTTGGGCGTTTCTGGTTCACAAAGCAGAGGCTCCACAATGGAGGAAGAA
TTAGAAAATATTACCACAAAGCATATTGTGAGTAATGATAGCTCGGACAGTGATGATGAA
TCACACGAACCCAAAGGCACTGAAAATGAAGATGCTGGAAGTGACTATCAAAGTGATAAT
CAAGCAAGTTGGATTCATCGTATGATAATGGCCTTGGTGAGTGATTCAGCTTTATTCAAT
ACCAGAGAAGGACGTGCTGGGAAGGTACACAACTTCATGCTGGGCTTGAATCTCAATACA
TCTTATCCACTGTCTCCTTTGAGTGACTTTGCCACACAGGACTCCTTTGATGATGATGAA
CTGGATGCAGCTGTAGCAGATCCTGATGAATTTGAGCGAATATATGAGCCTCTGGATGTC
AAAAGTAAAAAGATTCATGTAGTGGACAGTGGGCTCACATTTAACCTGCCGTATCCCTTG
ATACTGAGACCTCAGAGAGGGGTTGATCTCATAATCTCCTTTGACTTTTCTGCAAGGCCA
AGTGACTCTAGTCCTCCGTTCAAGGAACTTCTACTTGCAGAAAAGTGGGCTAAAATGAAC
AAGCTCCCCTTTCCAAAGATTGATCCTTATGTGTTTGATCGGGAAGGGCTGAAGGAGTGC
TATGTCTTTAAACCCAAGAATCCTGATATGGAGAAAGATTGCCCAACCATCATCCACTTT
GTTCTGGCCAACATCAACTTCAGAAAGTACAAGGCTCCAGGTGTTCCAAGGGAAACTGAG
GAAGAGAAAGAAATCGCTGACTTTGATATTTTTGATGACCCAGAATCACCATTTTCAACC
TTCAATTTTCAATATCCAAATCAAGCATTCAAAAGACTACATGATCTTATGCACTTCAAT
ACTCTGAACAACATTGATGTGATAAAAGAAGCCATGGTTGAAAGCATTGAATATAGAAGA
CAGAATCCATCTCGTTGCTCTGTTTCCCTTAGTAATGTTGAGGCAAGAAGATTTTTCAAC
AAGGAGTTTCTAAGTAAACCCAAAGCATAG

1. Clark JD, Lin LL, Kriz RW, Ramesha CS, Sultzman LA, Lin AY, Milona N, Knopf JL: A novel arachidonic acid-selective cytosolic PLA2 contains a Ca(2+)-dependent translocation domain with homology to PKC and GAP. Cell. 1991 Jun 14;65(6):1043-51. [PubMed ]
2. Sharp JD, White DL, Chiou XG, Goodson T, Gamboa GC, McClure D, Burgett S, Hoskins J, Skatrud PL, Sportsman JR, et al.: Molecular cloning and expression of human Ca(2+)-sensitive cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 15;266(23):14850-3. [PubMed ]
3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Lin LL, Wartmann M, Lin AY, Knopf JL, Seth A, Davis RJ: cPLA2 is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase. Cell. 1993 Jan 29;72(2):269-78. [PubMed ]
6. Sharp JD, Pickard RT, Chiou XG, Manetta JV, Kovacevic S, Miller JR, Varshavsky AD, Roberts EF, Strifler BA, Brems DN, et al.: Serine 228 is essential for catalytic activities of 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1994 Sep 16;269(37):23250-4. [PubMed ]
7. Borsch-Haubold AG, Bartoli F, Asselin J, Dudler T, Kramer RM, Apitz-Castro R, Watson SP, Gelb MH: Identification of the phosphorylation sites of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in agonist-stimulated human platelets and HeLa cells. J Biol Chem. 1998 Feb 20;273(8):4449-58. [PubMed ]
8. Sheridan AM, Force T, Yoon HJ, O'Leary E, Choukroun G, Taheri MR, Bonventre JV: PLIP, a novel splice variant of Tip60, interacts with group IV cytosolic phospholipase A(2), induces apoptosis, and potentiates prostaglandin production. Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Jul;21(14):4470-81. [PubMed ]
9. Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villen J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP: Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 17;101(33):12130-5. Epub 2004 Aug 9. [PubMed ]
10. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
11. Beausoleil SA, Villen J, Gerber SA, Rush J, Gygi SP: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. Nat Biotechnol. 2006 Oct;24(10):1285-92. Epub 2006 Sep 10. [PubMed ]
12. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed ]
13. Imami K, Sugiyama N, Kyono Y, Tomita M, Ishihama Y: Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column. Anal Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):161-6. [PubMed ]
14. Zahedi RP, Lewandrowski U, Wiesner J, Wortelkamp S, Moebius J, Schutz C, Walter U, Gambaryan S, Sickmann A: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets. J Proteome Res. 2008 Feb;7(2):526-34. Epub 2007 Dec 19. [PubMed ]
15. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
16. Perisic O, Fong S, Lynch DE, Bycroft M, Williams RL: Crystal structure of a calcium-phospholipid binding domain from cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 16;273(3):1596-604. [PubMed ]
17. Xu GY, McDonagh T, Yu HA, Nalefski EA, Clark JD, Cumming DA: Solution structure and membrane interactions of the C2 domain of cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Mol Biol. 1998 Jul 17;280(3):485-500. [PubMed ]
18. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. Group IB phospholipase A2
2. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 1B

MKLLVLAVLLTVAAADSGISPRAVWQFRKMIKCVIPGSDPFLEYNNYGCYCGLGGSGTPV
DELDKCCQTHDNCYDQAKKLDSCKFLLDNPYTHTYSYSCSGSAITCSSKNKECEAFICNC
DRNAAICFSKAPYNKAHKNLDTKKYCQS

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-15

• None

ATGAAACTCCTTGTGCTAGCTGTGCTGCTCACAGTGGCCGCCGCCGACAGCGGCATCAGC
CCTCGGGCCGTGTGGCAGTTCCGCAAAATGATCAAGTGCGTGATCCCGGGGAGTGACCCC
TTCTTGGAATACAACAACTACGGCTGCTACTGTGGCTTGGGGGGCTCAGGCACCCCCGTG
GATGAACTGGACAAGTGCTGCCAGACACATGACAACTGCTATGACCAGGCCAAGAAGCTG
GACAGCTGTAAATTTCTGCTGGACAACCCGTACACCCACACCTATTCATACTCGTGCTCT
GGCTCGGCAATCACCTGTAGCAGCAAAAACAAAGAGTGTGAGGCCTTCATTTGCAACTGC
GACCGCAACGCTGCCATCTGCTTTTCAAAAGCTCCATATAACAAGGCACACAAGAACCTG
GACACCAAGAAGTATTGTCAGAGTTGA

1. Seilhamer JJ, Randall TL, Yamanaka M, Johnson LK: Pancreatic phospholipase A2: isolation of the human gene and cDNAs from porcine pancreas and human lung. DNA. 1986 Dec;5(6):519-27. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Scherer SE, Muzny DM, Buhay CJ, Chen R, Cree A, Ding Y, Dugan-Rocha S, Gill R, Gunaratne P, Harris RA, Hawes AC, Hernandez J, Hodgson AV, Hume J, Jackson A, Khan ZM, Kovar-Smith C, Lewis LR, Lozado RJ, Metzker ML, Milosavljevic A, Miner GR, Montgomery KT, Morgan MB, Nazareth LV, Scott G, Sodergren E, Song XZ, Steffen D, Lovering RC, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Adams CQ, Ansari-Lari MA, Ayele M, Brown MJ, Chen G, Chen Z, Clerc-Blankenburg KP, Davis C, Delgado O, Dinh HH, Draper H, Gonzalez-Garay ML, Havlak P, Jackson LR, Jacob LS, Kelly SH, Li L, Li Z, Liu J, Liu W, Lu J, Maheshwari M, Nguyen BV, Okwuonu GO, Pasternak S, Perez LM, Plopper FJ, Santibanez J, Shen H, Tabor PE, Verduzco D, Waldron L, Wang Q, Williams GA, Zhang J, Zhou J, Allen CC, Amin AG, Anyalebechi V, Bailey M, Barbaria JA, Bimage KE, Bryant NP, Burch PE, Burkett CE, Burrell KL, Calderon E, Cardenas V, Carter K, Casias K, Cavazos I, Cavazos SR, Ceasar H, Chacko J, Chan SN, Chavez D, Christopoulos C, Chu J, Cockrell R, Cox CD, Dang M, Dathorne SR, David R, Davis CM, Davy-Carroll L, Deshazo DR, Donlin JE, D'Souza L, Eaves KA, Egan A, Emery-Cohen AJ, Escotto M, Flagg N, Forbes LD, Gabisi AM, Garza M, Hamilton C, Henderson N, Hernandez O, Hines S, Hogues ME, Huang M, Idlebird DG, Johnson R, Jolivet A, Jones S, Kagan R, King LM, Leal B, Lebow H, Lee S, LeVan JM, Lewis LC, London P, Lorensuhewa LM, Loulseged H, Lovett DA, Lucier A, Lucier RL, Ma J, Madu RC, Mapua P, Martindale AD, Martinez E, Massey E, Mawhiney S, Meador MG, Mendez S, Mercado C, Mercado IC, Merritt CE, Miner ZL, Minja E, Mitchell T, Mohabbat F, Mohabbat K, Montgomery B, Moore N, Morris S, Munidasa M, Ngo RN, Nguyen NB, Nickerson E, Nwaokelemeh OO, Nwokenkwo S, Obregon M, Oguh M, Oragunye N, Oviedo RJ, Parish BJ, Parker DN, Parrish J, Parks KL, Paul HA, Payton BA, Perez A, Perrin W, Pickens A, Primus EL, Pu LL, Puazo M, Quiles MM, Quiroz JB, Rabata D, Reeves K, Ruiz SJ, Shao H, Sisson I, Sonaike T, Sorelle RP, Sutton AE, Svatek AF, Svetz LA, Tamerisa KS, Taylor TR, Teague B, Thomas N, Thorn RD, Trejos ZY, Trevino BK, Ukegbu ON, Urban JB, Vasquez LI, Vera VA, Villasana DM, Wang L, Ward-Moore S, Warren JT, Wei X, White F, Williamson AL, Wleczyk R, Wooden HS, Wooden SH, Yen J, Yoon L, Yoon V, Zorrilla SE, Nelson D, Kucherlapati R, Weinstock G, Gibbs RA: The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12. Nature. 2006 Mar 16;440(7082):346-51. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Grataroli R, Dijkman R, Dutilh CE, van der Ouderaa F, De Haas GH, Figarella C: Studies on prophospholipase A2 and its enzyme from human pancreatic juice. Catalytic properties and sequence of the N-terminal region. Eur J Biochem. 1982 Feb;122(1):111-7. [PubMed ]
6. Verheij HM, Westerman J, Sternby B, De Haas GH: The complete primary structure of phospholipase A2 from human pancreas. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1983 Sep 14;747(1-2):93-9. [PubMed ]

1. Group X secretory phospholipase A2
2. GX sPLA2
3. sPLA2-X
4. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 10

MGPLPVCLPIMLLLLLPSLLLLLLLPGPGSGEASRILRVHRRGILELAGTVGCVGPRTPI
AYMKYGCFCGLGGHGQPRDAIDWCCHGHDCCYTRAEEAGCSPKTERYSWQCVNQSVLCGP
AENKCQELLCKCDQEIANCLAQTEYNLKYLFYPQFLCEPDSPKCD

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-31

• None

ATGGGGCCGCTACCTGTGTGCCTGCCAATCATGCTGCTCCTGCTACTGCCGTCGCTGCTG
CTGCTGCTGCTTCTACCTGGCCCCGGGTCCGGCGAGGCCTCCAGGATATTACGTGTGCAC
CGGCGTGGGATCCTGGAACTGGCAGGAACTGTGGGTTGTGTTGGTCCCCGAACCCCCATC
GCCTATATGAAATATGGTTGCTTTTGTGGCTTGGGAGGCCATGGCCAGCCCCGCGATGCC
ATTGACTGGTGCTGCCATGGCCACGACTGTTGTTACACTCGAGCTGAGGAGGCCGGCTGC
AGCCCCAAGACAGAGCGCTACTCCTGGCAGTGCGTCAATCAGAGCGTCCTGTGCGGACCG
GCAGAGAACAAATGCCAAGAACTGTTGTGCAAGTGTGACCAGGAGATTGCTAACTGCTTA
GCCCAAACTGAGTACAACTTAAAGTACCTCTTCTACCCCCAGTTCCTATGTGAGCCGGAC
TCGCCCAAGTGTGACTGA

1. Cupillard L, Koumanov K, Mattei MG, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G: Cloning, chromosomal mapping, and expression of a novel human secretory phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jun 20;272(25):15745-52. [PubMed ]
2. Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, Xie G, Hellsten U, Chan YM, Altherr M, Couronne O, Aerts A, Bajorek E, Black S, Blumer H, Branscomb E, Brown NC, Bruno WJ, Buckingham JM, Callen DF, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Campbell EW, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chasteen LA, Chertkov O, Chi HC, Christensen M, Clark LM, Cohn JD, Denys M, Detter JC, Dickson M, Dimitrijevic-Bussod M, Escobar J, Fawcett JJ, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Goodwin LA, Grady DL, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Hildebrand CE, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Jewett PB, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Krawczyk MC, Leyba T, Longmire JL, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Ludeman T, Manohar CF, Mark GA, McMurray KL, Meincke LJ, Morgan J, Moyzis RK, Mundt MO, Munk AC, Nandkeshwar RD, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Parson-Quintana B, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Ricke DO, Robinson DL, Rodriguez A, Salamov A, Saunders EH, Scott D, Shough T, Stallings RL, Stalvey M, Sutherland RD, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Torney DC, Tran-Gyamfi M, Tsai M, Ulanovsky LE, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, White PS, Williams AL, Wills PL, Wu JR, Wu K, Yang J, Dejong P, Bruce D, Doggett NA, Deaven L, Schmutz J, Grimwood J, Richardson P, Rokhsar DS, Eichler EE, Gilna P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Pennacchio LA: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16. Nature. 2004 Dec 23;432(7020):988-94. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]

1. Galectin-13
2. Gal-13
3. Placental tissue protein 13
4. PP13
5. Placental protein 13

MSSLPVPYKLPVSLSVGSCVIIKGTPIHSFINDPQLQVDFYTDMDEDSDIAFRFRVHFGN
HVVMNRREFGIWMLEETTDYVPFEDGKQFELCIYVHYNEYEIKVNGIRIYGFVHRIPPSF
VKMVQVSRDISLTSVCVCN

• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R07291]

• Gal-bind_lectin (PF00337 )

• None

• None

ATGTCTTCTTTACCCGTGCCATACAAACTGCCTGTGTCTTTGTCTGTTGGTTCCTGCGTG
ATAATCAAAGGGACACCAATCCACTCTTTTATCAATGACCCACAGCTGCAGGTGGATTTC
TACACTGACATGGATGAGGATTCAGATATTGCCTTCCGTTTCCGAGTGCACTTTGGCAAT
CATGTGGTCATGAACAGGCGTGAGTTTGGGATATGGATGTTGGAGGAGACAACAGACTAC
GTGCCCTTTGAGGATGGCAAACAATTTGAGCTGTGCATCTACGTACATTACAATGAGTAT
GAGATAAAGGTCAATGGCATACGCATTTACGGCTTTGTCCATCGAATCCCGCCATCATTT
GTGAAGATGGTGCAAGTGTCGAGAGATATCTCCCTGACCTCAGTGTGTGTCTGCAATTGA

1. Than NG, Sumegi B, Than GN, Berente Z, Bohn H: Isolation and sequence analysis of a cDNA encoding human placental tissue protein 13 (PP13), a new lysophospholipase, homologue of human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden Crystal protein. Placenta. 1999 Nov;20(8):703-10. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
3. Bohn H, Kraus W, Winckler W: Purification and characterization of two new soluble placental tissue proteins (PP13 and PP17). Oncodev Biol Med. 1983;4(5):343-50. [PubMed ]
4. Visegrady B, Than NG, Kilar F, Sumegi B, Than GN, Bohn H: Homology modelling and molecular dynamics studies of human placental tissue protein 13 (galectin-13). Protein Eng. 2001 Nov;14(11):875-80. [PubMed ]

1. GIIE sPLA2
2. sPLA2-IIE
3. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 2E

MKSPHVLVFLCLLVALVTGNLVQFGVMIEKMTGKSALQYNDYGCYCGIGGSHWPVDQTDW
CCHAHDCCYGRLEKLGCEPKLEKYLFSVSERGIFCAGRTTCQRLTCECDKRAALCFRRNL
GTYNRKYAHYPNKLCTGPTPPC

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-19

• None

ATGAAATCTCCCCACGTGCTGGTGTTCCTTTGCCTCCTGGTGGCTCTGGTCACCGGGAAC
CTGGTTCAGTTTGGGGTGATGATCGAGAAGATGACAGGCAAGTCCGCCCTGCAGTACAAC
GACTATGGCTGTTACTGCGGCATCGGTGGCTCCCACTGGCCGGTGGACCAGACTGACTGG
TGCTGCCACGCCCACGACTGCTGCTACGGGCGTCTGGAGAAGCTGGGCTGTGAGCCCAAA
CTGGAAAAGTATCTTTTCTCTGTCAGCGAACGTGGCATTTTCTGCGCCGGCAGGACCACC
TGCCAGCGGCTGACCTGCGAGTGTGACAAGAGGGCTGCCCTCTGCTTTCGCCGCAACCTG
GGCACCTACAACCGCAAATATGCCCATTATCCCAACAAGCTGTGCACCGGGCCCACCCCG
CCCTGCTGA

1. Suzuki N, Ishizaki J, Yokota Y, Higashino K, Ono T, Ikeda M, Fujii N, Kawamoto K, Hanasaki K: Structures, enzymatic properties, and expression of novel human and mouse secretory phospholipase A(2)s. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 25;275(8):5785-93. [PubMed ]
2. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]

1. GXII sPLA2
2. sPLA2-XII
3. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 12A

MALLSRPALTLLLLLMAAVVRCQEQAQTTDWRATLKTIRNGVHKIDTYLNAALDLLGGED
GLCQYKCSDGSKPFPRYGYKPSPPNGCGSPLFGVHLNIGIPSLTKCCNQHDRCYETCGKS
KNDCDEEFQYCLSKICRDVQKTLGLTQHVQACETTVELLFDSVIHLGCKPYLDSQRAACR
CHYEEKTDL

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• PLA2G12 (PF06951 )

• 1-22

• None

ATGGCCCTGCTCTCGCGCCCCGCGCTCACCCTCCTGCTCCTCCTCATGGCCGCTGTTGTC
AGGTGCCAGGAGCAGGCCCAGACCACCGACTGGAGAGCCACCCTGAAGACCATCCGGAAC
GGCGTTCATAAGATAGACACGTACCTGAACGCCGCCTTGGACCTCCTGGGAGGCGAGGAC
GGTCTCTGCCAGTATAAATGCAGTGACGGATCTAAGCCTTTCCCACGTTATGGTTATAAA
CCCTCCCCACCGAATGGATGTGGCTCTCCACTGTTTGGTGTTCATCTTAACATTGGTATC
CCTTCCCTGACAAAGTGTTGCAACCAACACGACAGGTGCTATGAGACCTGTGGCAAAAGC
AAGAATGACTGTGATGAAGAATTCCAGTATTGCCTCTCCAAGATCTGCCGAGATGTACAG
AAAACACTAGGACTAACTCAGCATGTTCAGGCATGTGAAACAACAGTGGAGCTCTTGTTT
GACAGTGTTATACATTTAGGTTGTAAACCATATCTGGACAGCCAACGAGCCGCATGCAGG
TGTCATTATGAAGAAAAAACTGATCTTTAA

1. Gelb MH, Valentin E, Ghomashchi F, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G: Cloning and recombinant expression of a structurally novel human secreted phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 2000 Dec 22;275(51):39823-6. [PubMed ]
2. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Murakami M, Masuda S, Shimbara S, Bezzine S, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G, Gelb MH, Matsukura S, Kokubu F, Adachi M, Kudo I: Cellular arachidonate-releasing function of novel classes of secretory phospholipase A2s (groups III and XII). J Biol Chem. 2003 Mar 21;278(12):10657-67. Epub 2003 Jan 8. [PubMed ]

1. CaI-PLA2
2. iPLA2
3. Group VI phospholipase A2
4. GVI PLA2

MQFFGRLVNTFSGVTNLFSNPFRVKEVAVADYTSSDRVREEGQLILFQNTPNRTWDCVLV
NPRNSQSGFRLFQLELEADALVNFHQYSSQLLPFYESSPQVLHTEVLQHLTDLIRNHPSW
SVAHLAVELGIRECFHHSRIISCANCAENEEGCTPLHLACRKGDGEILVELVQYCHTQMD
VTDYKGETVFHYAVQGDNSQVLQLLGRNAVAGLNQVNNQGLTPLHLACQLGKQEMVRVLL
LCNARCNIMGPNGYPIHSAMKFSQKGCAEMIISMDSSQIHSKDPRYGASPLHWAKNAEMA
RMLLKRGCNVNSTSSAGNTALHVAVMRNRFDCAIVLLTHGANADARGEHGNTPLHLAMSK
DNVEMIKALIVFGAEVDTPNDFGETPTFLASKIGRLVTRKAILTLLRTVGAEYCFPPIHG
VPAEQGSAAPHHPFSLERAQPPPISLNNLELQDLMHISRARKPAFILGSMRDEKRTHDHL
LCLDGGGVKGLIIIQLLIAIEKASGVATKDLFDWVAGTSTGGILALAILHSKSMAYMRGM
YFRMKDEVFRGSRPYESGPLEEFLKREFGEHTKMTDVRKPKVMLTGTLSDRQPAELHLFR
NYDAPETVREPRFNQNVNLRPPAQPSDQLVWRAARSSGAAPTYFRPNGRFLDGGLLANNP
TLDAMTEIHEYNQDLIRKGQANKVKKLSIVVSLGTGRSPQVPVTCVDVFRPSNPWELAKT
VFGAKELGKMVVDCCTDPDGRAVDRARAWCEMVGIQYFRLNPQLGTDIMLDEVSDTVLVN
ALWETEVYIYEHREEFQKLIQLLLSP

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• Ank (PF00023 )
• Patatin (PF01734 )

• None

• None

ATGCAGTTCTTTGGCCGCCTGGTCAATACCTTCAGTGGCGTCACCAACTTGTTCTCTAAC
CCATTCCGGGTGAAGGAGGTGGCTGTGGCCGACTACACCTCGAGTGACCGAGTTCGGGAG
GAAGGGCAGCTGATTCTGTTCCAGAACACTCCCAACCGCACCTGGGACTGCGTCCTGGTC
AACCCCAGGAACTCACAGAGTGGATTCCGACTCTTCCAGCTGGAGTTGGAGGCTGACGCC
CTAGTGAATTTCCATCAGTATTCTTCCCAGCTGCTACCCTTCTATGAGAGCTCCCCTCAG
GTCCTGCACACTGAGGTCCTGCAGCACCTGACCGACCTCATCCGTAACCACCCCAGCTGG
TCAGTGGCCCACCTGGCTGTGGAGCTAGGGATCCGCGAGTGCTTCCATCACAGCCGTATC
ATCAGCTGTGCCAATTGCGCGGAGAACGAGGAGGGCTGCACACCCCTGCACCTGGCCTGC
CGCAAGGGTGATGGGGAGATCCTGGTGGAGCTGGTGCAGTACTGCCACACTCAGATGGAT
GTCACCGACTACAAGGGAGAGACCGTCTTCCATTATGCTGTCCAGGGTGACAATTCTCAG
GTGCTGCAGCTCCTTGGAAGGAACGCAGTGGCTGGCCTGAACCAGGTGAATAACCAAGGG
CTGACCCCGCTGCACCTGGCCTGCCAGCTGGGGAAGCAGGAGATGGTCCGCGTGCTGCTG
CTGTGCAATGCTCGGTGCAACATCATGGGCCCCAACGGCTACCCCATCCACTCGGCCATG
AAGTTCTCTCAGAAGGGGTGTGCGGAGATGATCATCAGCATGGACAGCAGCCAGATCCAC
AGCAAAGACCCCCGTTACGGAGCCAGCCCCCTCCACTGGGCCAAGAACGCAGAGATGGCC
CGCATGCTGCTGAAACGGGGCTGCAACGTGAACAGCACCAGCTCCGCGGGGAACACGGCC
CTGCACGTGGCGGTGATGCGCAACCGCTTCGACTGTGCCATAGTGCTGCTGACCCACGGG
GCCAACGCGGATGCCCGCGGAGAGCACGGCAACACCCCGCTGCACCTGGCCATGTCGAAA
GACAACGTGGAGATGATCAAGGCCCTCATCGTGTTCGGAGCAGAAGTGGACACCCCGAAT
GACTTTGGGGAGACTCCTACATTCCTAGCCTCCAAAATCGGCAGACTTGTCACCAGGAAG
GCGATCTTGACTCTGCTGAGAACCGTGGGGGCCGAATACTGCTTCCCACCCATCCACGGG
GTCCCCGCGGAGCAGGGCTCTGCAGCGCCACATCATCCCTTCTCCCTGGAAAGAGCTCAG
CCCCCACCGATCAGCCTAAACAACCTAGAACTACAGGATCTCATGCACATCTCACGGGCC
CGGAAGCCAGCGTTCATCCTGGGCTCCATGAGGGACGAGAAGCGGACCCACGACCACCTG
CTGTGCCTGGATGGAGGAGGAGTGAAAGGCCTCATCATCATCCAGCTCCTCATCGCCATC
GAGAAGGCCTCGGGTGTGGCCACCAAGGACCTGTTTGACTGGGTGGCGGGCACCAGCACT
GGAGGCATCCTGGCCCTGGCCATTCTGCACAGTAAGTCCATGGCCTACATGCGCGGCATG
TACTTTCGCATGAAGGATGAGGTGTTCCGGGGCTCCAGGCCCTACGAGTCGGGGCCCCTG
GAGGAGTTCCTGAAGCGGGAGTTTGGGGAGCACACCAAGATGACGGACGTCAGGAAACCC
AAGGTGATGCTGACAGGGACACTGTCTGACCGGCAGCCGGCTGAACTCCACCTCTTCCGG
AACTACGATGCTCCAGAAACTGTCCGGGAGCCTCGTTTCAACCAGAACGTTAACCTCAGG
CCTCCAGCTCAGCCCTCAGACCAGCTGGTGTGGCGGGCGGCCCGAAGCAGCGGGGCAGCT
CCTACTTACTTCCGACCCAATGGGCGCTTCCTGGACGGTGGGCTGCTGGCCAACAACCCC
ACGCTGGATGCCATGACCGAGATCCATGAGTACAATCAGGACCTGATCCGCAAGGGTCAG
GCCAACAAGGTGAAGAAACTCTCCATCGTTGTCTCCCTGGGGACAGGGAGGTCCCCACAA
GTGCCTGTGACCTGTGTGGATGTCTTCCGTCCCAGCAACCCCTGGGAGCTGGCCAAGACT
GTTTTTGGGGCCAAGGAACTGGGCAAGATGGTGGTGGACTGTTGCACGGATCCAGACGGG
CGGGCTGTGGACCGGGCACGGGCCTGGTGCGAGATGGTCGGCATCCAGTACTTCAGATTG
AACCCCCAGCTGGGGACGGACATCATGCTGGATGAGGTCAGTGACACAGTGCTGGTCAAC
GCCCTCTGGGAGACCGAGGTCTACATCTATGAGCACCGCGAGGAGTTCCAGAAGCTCATC
CACCTGCTGCTCTCACCCTGA

1. Larsson PK, Claesson HE, Kennedy BP: Multiple splice variants of the human calcium-independent phospholipase A2 and their effect on enzyme activity. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jan 2;273(1):207-14. [PubMed ]
2. Ma Z, Wang X, Nowatzke W, Ramanadham S, Turk J: Human pancreatic islets express mRNA species encoding two distinct catalytically active isoforms of group VI phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) that arise from an exon-skipping mechanism of alternative splicing of the transcript from the iPLA2 gene on chromosome 22q13.1. J Biol Chem. 1999 Apr 2;274(14):9607-16. [PubMed ]
3. Larsson Forsell PK, Kennedy BP, Claesson HE: The human calcium-independent phospholipase A2 gene multiple enzymes with distinct properties from a single gene. Eur J Biochem. 1999 Jun;262(2):575-85. [PubMed ]
4. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed ]
5. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R84. Epub 2004 Sep 30. [PubMed ]
6. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
7. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed ]
8. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
9. Malhotra A, Edelman-Novemsky I, Xu Y, Plesken H, Ma J, Schlame M, Ren M: Role of calcium-independent phospholipase A2 in the pathogenesis of Barth syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 17;106(7):2337-41. Epub 2009 Jan 21. [PubMed ]
10. Khateeb S, Flusser H, Ofir R, Shelef I, Narkis G, Vardi G, Shorer Z, Levy R, Galil A, Elbedour K, Birk OS: PLA2G6 mutation underlies infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy. Am J Hum Genet. 2006 Nov;79(5):942-8. Epub 2006 Sep 19. [PubMed ]
11. Morgan NV, Westaway SK, Morton JE, Gregory A, Gissen P, Sonek S, Cangul H, Coryell J, Canham N, Nardocci N, Zorzi G, Pasha S, Rodriguez D, Desguerre I, Mubaidin A, Bertini E, Trembath RC, Simonati A, Schanen C, Johnson CA, Levinson B, Woods CG, Wilmot B, Kramer P, Gitschier J, Maher ER, Hayflick SJ: PLA2G6, encoding a phospholipase A2, is mutated in neurodegenerative disorders with high brain iron. Nat Genet. 2006 Jul;38(7):752-4. Epub 2006 Jun 18. [PubMed ]
12. Paisan-Ruiz C, Bhatia KP, Li A, Hernandez D, Davis M, Wood NW, Hardy J, Houlden H, Singleton A, Schneider SA: Characterization of PLA2G6 as a locus for dystonia-parkinsonism. Ann Neurol. 2009 Jan;65(1):19-23. [PubMed ]

1. Charcot-Leyden crystal protein
2. CLC
3. Galectin-10
4. Gal-10
5. Lysolecithin acylhydrolase

MSLLPVPYTEAASLSTGSTVTIKGRPLVCFLNEPYLQVDFHTEMKEESDIVFHFQVCFGR
RVVMNSREYGAWKQQVESKNMPFQDGQEFELSISVLPDKYQVMVNGQSSYTFDHRIKPEA
VKMVQVWRDISLTKFNVSYLKR

• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R07291]

• Gal-bind_lectin (PF00337 )

• None

• None

ATGTCCCTGCTACCCGTGCCATACACAGAGGCTGCCTCTTTGTCTACTGGTTCTACTGTG
ACAATCAAAGGGCGACCACTTGTCTGTTTCTTGAATGAACCATATCTGCAGGTGGATTTC
CACACTGAGATGAAGGAGGAATCAGACATTGTCTTCCATTTCCAAGTGTGCTTTGGTCGT
CGTGTGGTCATGAACAGCCGTGAGTATGGGGCCTGGAAGCAGCAGGTGGAATCCAAGAAC
ATGCCCTTTCAGGATGGCCAAGAATTTGAACTGAGCATCTCAGTGCTGCCAGATAAGTAC
CAGGTAATGGTCAATGGCCAATCCTCTTACACCTTTGACCATAGAATCAAGCCTGAGGCT
GTGAAGATGGTGCAAGTGTGGAGAGATATCTCCCTGACCAAATTTAATGTCAGCTATTTA
AAGAGATAA

1. Ackerman SJ, Corrette SE, Rosenberg HF, Bennett JC, Mastrianni DM, Nicholson-Weller A, Weller PF, Chin DT, Tenen DG: Molecular cloning and characterization of human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (lysophospholipase). Similarities to IgE binding proteins and the S-type animal lectin superfamily. J Immunol. 1993 Jan 15;150(2):456-68. [PubMed ]
2. Mastrianni DM, Eddy RL, Rosenberg HF, Corrette SE, Shows TB, Tenen DG, Ackerman SJ: Localization of the human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (lysophospholipase) gene (CLC) to chromosome 19 and the human ribonuclease 2 (eosinophil-derived neurotoxin) and ribonuclease 3 (eosinophil cationic protein) genes (RNS2 and RNS3) to chromosome 14. Genomics. 1992 May;13(1):240-2. [PubMed ]
3. Dyer KD, Handen JS, Rosenberg HF: The genomic structure of the human Charcot-Leyden crystal protein gene is analogous to those of the galectin genes. Genomics. 1997 Mar 1;40(2):217-21. [PubMed ]
4. Grimwood J, Gordon LA, Olsen A, Terry A, Schmutz J, Lamerdin J, Hellsten U, Goodstein D, Couronne O, Tran-Gyamfi M, Aerts A, Altherr M, Ashworth L, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caenepeel S, Carrano A, Caoile C, Chan YM, Christensen M, Cleland CA, Copeland A, Dalin E, Dehal P, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Garcia C, Georgescu AM, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Ho I, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Larionov V, Leem SH, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Malfatti S, Martinez D, McCready P, Medina C, Morgan J, Nelson K, Nolan M, Ovcharenko I, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Popkie AP, Predki P, Quan G, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, She X, Smith D, Slezak T, Solovyev V, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wagner M, Wheeler J, Wu K, Xie G, Yang J, Dubchak I, Furey TS, DeJong P, Dickson M, Gordon D, Eichler EE, Pennacchio LA, Richardson P, Stubbs L, Rokhsar DS, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Lucas SM: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):529-35. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Ghafouri B, Irander K, Lindbom J, Tagesson C, Lindahl M: Comparative proteomics of nasal fluid in seasonal allergic rhinitis. J Proteome Res. 2006 Feb;5(2):330-8. [PubMed ]
7. Leonidas DD, Elbert BL, Zhou Z, Leffler H, Ackerman SJ, Acharya KR: Crystal structure of human Charcot-Leyden crystal protein, an eosinophil lysophospholipase, identifies it as a new member of the carbohydrate-binding family of galectins. Structure. 1995 Dec 15;3(12):1379-93. [PubMed ]
8. Swaminathan GJ, Leonidas DD, Savage MP, Ackerman SJ, Acharya KR: Selective recognition of mannose by the human eosinophil Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (galectin-10): a crystallographic study at 1.8 A resolution. Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 19;38(42):13837-43. [PubMed ]

1. GIIC sPLA2
2. Group IIA phospholipase A2
3. Non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2
4. NPS-PLA2
5. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 2A

MKTLLLLAVIMIFGLLQAHGNLVNFHRMIKLTTGKEAALSYGFYGCHCGVGGRGSPKDAT
DRCCVTHDCCYKRLEKRGCGTKFLSYKFSNSGSRITCAKQDSCRSQLCECDKAAATCFAR
NKTTYNKKYQYYSNKHCRGSTPRC

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-20

• None

ATGAAGACCCTCCTACTGTTGGCAGTGATCATGATCTTTGGCCTACTGCAGGCCCATGGG
AATTTGGTGAATTTCCACAGAATGATCAAGTTGACGACAGGAAAGGAAGCCGCACTCAGT
TATGGCTTCTACGGCTGCCACTGTGGCGTGGGTGGCAGAGGATCCCCCAAGGATGCAACG
GATCGCTGCTGTGTCACTCATGACTGTTGCTACAAACGTCTGGAGAAACGTGGATGTGGC
ACCAAATTTCTGAGCTACAAGTTTAGCAACTCGGGGAGCAGAATCACCTGTGCAAAACAG
GACTCCTGCAGAAGTCAACTGTGTGAGTGTGATAAGGCTGCTGCCACCTGTTTTGCTAGA
AACAAGACGACCTACAATAAAAAGTACCAGTACTATTCCAATAAACACTGCAGAGGGAGC
ACCCCTCGTTGCTGA

1. Seilhamer JJ, Pruzanski W, Vadas P, Plant S, Miller JA, Kloss J, Johnson LK: Cloning and recombinant expression of phospholipase A2 present in rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5335-8. [PubMed ]
2. Kramer RM, Hession C, Johansen B, Hayes G, McGray P, Chow EP, Tizard R, Pepinsky RB: Structure and properties of a human non-pancreatic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5768-75. [PubMed ]
3. Kramer RM, Johansen B, Hession C, Pepinsky RB: Structure and properties of a secretable phospholipase A2 from human platelets. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1990;275:35-53. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Kanda A, Ono T, Yoshida N, Tojo H, Okamoto M: The primary structure of a membrane-associated phospholipase A2 from human spleen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Aug 30;163(1):42-8. [PubMed ]
8. Hara S, Kudo I, Matsuta K, Miyamoto T, Inoue K: Amino acid composition and NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of human phospholipase A2 purified from rheumatoid synovial fluid. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1988 Sep;104(3):326-8. [PubMed ]
9. Lai CY, Wada K: Phospholipase A2 from human synovial fluid: purification and structural homology to the placental enzyme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988 Dec 15;157(2):488-93. [PubMed ]
10. Minami T, Tojo H, Shinomura Y, Matsuzawa Y, Okamoto M: Purification and characterization of a phospholipase A2 from human ileal mucosa. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Oct 13;1170(2):125-30. [PubMed ]
11. Wery JP, Schevitz RW, Clawson DK, Bobbitt JL, Dow ER, Gamboa G, Goodson T Jr, Hermann RB, Kramer RM, McClure DB, et al.: Structure of recombinant human rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid phospholipase A2 at 2.2 A resolution. Nature. 1991 Jul 4;352(6330):79-82. [PubMed ]
12. Scott DL, White SP, Browning JL, Rosa JJ, Gelb MH, Sigler PB: Structures of free and inhibited human secretory phospholipase A2 from inflammatory exudate. Science. 1991 Nov 15;254(5034):1007-10. [PubMed ]
13. Schevitz RW, Bach NJ, Carlson DG, Chirgadze NY, Clawson DK, Dillard RD, Draheim SE, Hartley LW, Jones ND, Mihelich ED, et al.: Structure-based design of the first potent and selective inhibitor of human non-pancreatic secretory phospholipase A2. Nat Struct Biol. 1995 Jun;2(6):458-65. [PubMed ]
14. Kitadokoro K, Hagishita S, Sato T, Ohtani M, Miki K: Crystal structure of human secretory phospholipase A2-IIA complex with the potent indolizine inhibitor 120-1032. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1998 Apr;123(4):619-23. [PubMed ]

1. GIID sPLA2
2. sPLA2-IID
3. PLA2IID
4. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 2D
5. Secretory-type PLA, stroma-associated homolog

MELALLCGLVVMAGVIPIQGGILNLNKMVKQVTGKMPILSYWPYGCHCGLGGRGQPKDAT
DWCCQTHDCCYDHLKTQGCSIYKDYYRYNFSQGNIHCSDKGSWCEQQLCACDKEVAFCLK
RNLDTYQKRLRFYWRPHCRGQTPGC

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• Phospholip_A2_1 (PF00068 )

• 1-20

• None

ATGGAACTTGCACTGCTGTGTGGGCTGGTGGTGATGGCTGGTGTGATTCCAATCCAGGGC
GGGATCCTGAACCTGAACAAGATGGTCAAGCAAGTGACTGGGAAAATGCCCATCCTCTCC
TACTGGCCCTACGGCTGTCACTGCGGACTAGGTGGCAGAGGCCAACCCAAAGATGCCACG
GACTGGTGCTGCCAGACCCATGACTGCTGCTATGACCACCTGAAGACCCAGGGGTGCGGC
ATCTACAAGGACTATTACAGATACAACTTTTCCCAGGGGAACATCCACTGCTCTGACAAG
GGAAGCTGGTGTGAGCAGCAGCTGTGTGCCTGTGACAAGGAGGTGGCCTTCTGCCTGAAG
CGCAACCTGGACACCTACCAGAAGCGACTGCGTTTCTACTGGCGGCCCCACTGCCGGGGG
CAGACCCCTGGGTGCTAG

1. Ishizaki J, Suzuki N, Higashino K, Yokota Y, Ono T, Kawamoto K, Fujii N, Arita H, Hanasaki K: Cloning and characterization of novel mouse and human secretory phospholipase A(2)s. J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 27;274(35):24973-9. [PubMed ]
2. Shakhov AN, Rubtsov AV, Lyakhov IG, Tumanov AV, Nedospasov SA: SPLASH (PLA2IID), a novel member of phospholipase A2 family, is associated with lymphotoxin deficiency. Genes Immun. 2000 Feb;1(3):191-9. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]

1. PL
2. Pancreatic lipase

MLPLWTLSLLLGAVAGKEVCYERLGCFSDDSPWSGITERPLHILPWSPKDVNTRFLLYTN
ENPNNFQEVAADSSSISGSNFKTNRKTRFIIHGFIDKGEENWLANVCKNLFKVESVNCIC
VDWKGGSRTGYTQASQNIRIVGAEVAYFVEFLQSAFGYSPSNVHVIGHSLGAHAAGEAGR
RTNGTIGRITGLDPAEPCFQGTPELVRLDPSDAKFVDVIHTDGAPIVPNLGFGMSQVVGH
LDFFPNGGVEMPGCKKNILSQIVDIDGIWEGTRDFAACNHLRSYKYYTDSIVNPDGFAGF
PCASYNVFTANKCFPCPSGGCPQMGHYADRYPGKTNDVGQKFYLDTGDASNFARWRYKVS
VTLSGKKVTGHILVSLFGNKGNSKQYEIFKGTLKPDSTHSNEFDSDVDVGDLQMVKFIWY
NNVINPTLPRVGASKIIVETNVGKQFNFCSPETVREEVLLTLTPC

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-16

• None

ATGCTGCCACTTTGGACTCTTTCACTGCTGCTGGGAGCAGTAGCAGGAAAAGAAGTTTGC
TACGAAAGACTCGGCTGCTTCAGTGATGACTCCCCATGGTCAGGAATTACGGAAAGACCC
CTCCATATATTGCCTTGGTCTCCAAAAGATGTCAACACCCGCTTCCTCCTATATACTAAT
GAGAACCCAAACAACTTTCAAGAAGTTGCCGCAGATTCATCAAGCATCAGTGGCTCCAAT
TTCAAAACAAATAGAAAAACTCGCTTTATTATTCATGGATTCATAGACAAGGGAGAAGAA
AACTGGCTGGCCAATGTGTGCAAGAATCTGTTCAAGGTGGAAAGTGTGAACTGTATCTGT
GTGGACTGGAAAGGTGGCTCCCGAACTGGATACACACAAGCCTCGCAGAACATCAGGATC
GTGGGAGCAGAAGTGGCATATTTTGTTGAATTTCTTCAGTCGGCGTTCGGTTACTCACCT
TCCAACGTGCATGTCATTGGCCACAGCCTGGGTGCCCACGCTGCTGGGGAGGCTGGAAGG
AGAACCAATGGGACCATTGGACGCATCACAGGGTTGGACCCAGCAGAACCTTGCTTTCAG
GGCACACCTGAATTAGTCCGATTGGACCCCAGCGATGCCAAATTTGTGGATGTAATTCAC
ACGGATGGTGCCCCCATAGTCCCCAATTTGGGGTTTGGAATGAGCCAAGTCGTGGGCCAC
CTAGATTTCTTTCCAAATGGAGGAGTGGAAATGCCTGGATGTAAAAAGAACATTCTCTCT
CAGATTGTGGACATAGACGGAATCTGGGAAGGGACTCGAGACTTTGCGGCCTGTAATCAC
TTAAGAAGCTACAAATATTACACTGATAGCATCGTCAACCCTGATGGCTTTGCTGGATTC
CCCTGTGCCTCTTACAACGTCTTCACTGCAAACAAGTGTTTCCCTTGTCCAAGTGGAGGC
TGCCCACAGATGGGTCACTATGCTGATAGATATCCTGGGAAAACAAATGATGTGGGCCAG
AAATTTTATCTAGACACTGGTGATGCCAGTAATTTTGCACGTTGGAGGTATAAGGTATCT
GTCACACTGTCTGGAAAAAAGGTTACAGGACACATACTAGTTTCTTTGTTCGGAAATAAA
GGAAACTCTAAGCAGTATGAAATTTTCAAGGGCACTCTCAAACCAGATAGTACTCATTCC
AATGAATTTGACTCAGATGTGGATGTTGGGGACTTGCAGATGGTTAAATTTATTTGGTAT
AACAATGTGATCAACCCAACTTTACCTAGAGTGGGAGCATCCAAGATTATAGTGGAGACA
AATGTTGGAAAACAGTTCAACTTCTGTAGTCCAGAAACCGTCAGGGAGGAAGTTCTGCTC
ACCCTCACACCGTGTTAG

1. Lowe ME, Rosenblum JL, Strauss AW: Cloning and characterization of human pancreatic lipase cDNA. J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 25;264(33):20042-8. [PubMed ]
2. Giller T, Buchwald P, Blum-Kaelin D, Hunziker W: Two novel human pancreatic lipase related proteins, hPLRP1 and hPLRP2. Differences in colipase dependence and in lipase activity. J Biol Chem. 1992 Aug 15;267(23):16509-16. [PubMed ]
3. Sims HF, Jennens ML, Lowe ME: The human pancreatic lipase-encoding gene: structure and conservation of an Alu sequence in the lipase gene family. Gene. 1993 Sep 15;131(2):281-5. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Winkler FK, D'Arcy A, Hunziker W: Structure of human pancreatic lipase. Nature. 1990 Feb 22;343(6260):771-4. [PubMed ]
6. van Tilbeurgh H, Sarda L, Verger R, Cambillau C: Structure of the pancreatic lipase-procolipase complex. Nature. 1992 Sep 10;359(6391):159-62. [PubMed ]
7. van Tilbeurgh H, Egloff MP, Martinez C, Rugani N, Verger R, Cambillau C: Interfacial activation of the lipase-procolipase complex by mixed micelles revealed by X-ray crystallography. Nature. 1993 Apr 29;362(6423):814-20. [PubMed ]
8. Carriere F, Thirstrup K, Boel E, Verger R, Thim L: Structure-function relationships in naturally occurring mutants of pancreatic lipase. Protein Eng. 1994 Apr;7(4):563-9. [PubMed ]

1. HL
2. Hepatic lipase
3. Lipase member C

MDTSPLCFSILLVLCIFIQSSALGQSLKPEPFGRRAQAVETNKTLHEMKTRFLLFGETNQ
GCQIRINHPDTLQECGFNSSLPLVMIIHGWSVDGVLENWIWQMVAALKSQPAQPVNVGLV
DWITLAHDHYTIAVRNTRLVGKEVAALLRWLEESVQLSRSHVHLIGYSLGAHVSGFAGSS
IGGTHKIGRITGLDAAGPLFEGSAPSNRLSPDDANFVDAIHTFTREHMGLSVGIKQPIGH
YDFYPNGGSFQPGCHFLELYRHIAQHGFNAITQTIKCSHERSVHLFIDSLLHAGTQSMAY
PCGDMNSFSQGLCLSCKKGRCNTLGYHVRQEPRSKSKRLFLVTRAQSPFKVYHYQLKIQF
INQTETPIQTTFTMSLLGTKEKMQKIPITLGKGIASNKTYSFLITLDVDIGELIMIKFKW
ENSAVWANVWDTVQTIIPWSTGPRHSGLVLKTIRVKAGETQQRMTFCSENTDDLLLRPTQ
EKIFVKCEIKSKTSKRKIR

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-22

• None

ATGGACACAAGTCCCCTGTGTTTCTCCATTCTGTTGGTTTTATGCATCTTTATCCAATCA
AGTGCCCTTGGACAAAGCCTGAAACCAGAGCCATTTGGAAGAAGAGCTCAAGCTGTTGAA
ACAAACAAAACGCTGCATGAGATGAAGACCAGATTCCTGCTCTTTGGAGAAACCAATCAG
GGCTGTCAGATTCGAATCAATCATCCGGACACGTTACAGGAGTGCGGCTTCAACTCCTCC
CTGCCTCTGGTGATGATAATCCACGGGTGGTCGGTGGACGGCGTGCTAGAAAACTGGATC
TGGCAGATGGTGGCCGCGCTGAAGTCTCAGCCGGCCCAGCCAGTGAACGTGGGGCTGGTG
GACTGGATCACCCTGGCCCACGACCACTACACCATCGCCGTCCGCAACACCCGCCTTGTG
GGCAAGGAGGTCGCGGCTCTTCTCCGGTGGCTGGAGGAATCTGTGCAACTCTCTCGAAGC
CATGTTCACCTAATTGGGTACAGCCTGGGTGCACACGTGTCAGGATTTGCCGGCAGTTCC
ATCGGTGGAACGCACAAGATTGGGAGAATCACAGGGCTGGATGCCGCGGGACCTTTGTTT
GAGGGAAGTGCCCCCAGCAATCGTCTTTCTCCAGATGATGCCAATTTTGTGGATGCCATT
CATACCTTTACCCGGGAGCACATGGGCCTGAGCGTGGGCATCAAACAGCCCATAGGACAC
TATGACTTCTATCCCAACGGGGGCTCCTTCCAGCCTGGCTGCCACTTCCTAGAGCTCTAC
AGACATATTGCCCAGCACGGCTTCAATGCCATCACCCAGACCATAAAATGCTCCCACGAG
CGATCGGTGCACCTTTTCATCGACTCCTTGCTGCACGCCGGCACGCAGAGCATGGCCTAC
CCGTGTGGTGACATGAACAGCTTCAGCCAGGGCCTGTGCCTGAGCTGCAAGAAGGGCCGC
TGCAACACGCTGGGCTACCACGTCCGCCAGGAGCCGCGGAGCAAGAGCAAGAGGCTCTTC
CTCGTAACGCGAGCCCAGTCCCCCTTCAAAGTTTATCATTACCAGTTCAAGATCCAGTTC
ATCAACCAAACTGAGACACCAATACAAACAACTTTTACCATGTCACTACTCGGAACAAAA
GAGAAAATGCAGAAAATTCCCATCACTCTGGGCAAAGGAATTGCTAGTAATAAAACGTAT
TCCTTTCTTATCACGCTGGATGTGGATATCGGCGAGCTGATCATGATCAAGTTCAAGTGG
GAAAACAGTGCAGTGTGGGCCAATGTCTGGGACACGGTCCAGACCATCATCCCATGGAGC
ACAGGGCCGCGCCACTCAGGCCTCGTTCTGAAGACGATCAGAGTCAAAGCAGGAGAAACC
CAGCAAAGAATGACATTTTGTTCAGAAAACACAGATGACCTACTACTTCGCCCAACCCAG
GAAAAAATCTTCGTGAAATGTGAAATAAAGTCTAAAACATCAAAGCGAAAGATCAGATGA

1. Martin GA, Busch SJ, Meredith GD, Cardin AD, Blankenship DT, Mao SJ, Rechtin AE, Woods CW, Racke MM, Schafer MP, et al.: Isolation and cDNA sequence of human postheparin plasma hepatic triglyceride lipase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Aug 5;263(22):10907-14. [PubMed ]
2. Stahnke G, Sprengel R, Augustin J, Will H: Human hepatic triglyceride lipase: cDNA cloning, amino acid sequence and expression in a cultured cell line. Differentiation. 1987;35(1):45-52. [PubMed ]
3. Datta S, Luo CC, Li WH, VanTuinen P, Ledbetter DH, Brown MA, Chen SH, Liu SW, Chan L: Human hepatic lipase. Cloned cDNA sequence, restriction fragment length polymorphisms, chromosomal localization, and evolutionary relationships with lipoprotein lipase and pancreatic lipase. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jan 25;263(3):1107-10. [PubMed ]
4. Cai SJ, Wong DM, Chen SH, Chan L: Structure of the human hepatic triglyceride lipase gene. Biochemistry. 1989 Nov 14;28(23):8966-71. [PubMed ]
5. Ameis D, Stahnke G, Kobayashi J, McLean J, Lee G, Buscher M, Schotz MC, Will H: Isolation and characterization of the human hepatic lipase gene. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 25;265(12):6552-5. [PubMed ]
6. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
7. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
8. Tiebel O, Gehrisch S, Pietzsch J, Gromeier S, Jaross W: 18 bp insertion/duplication with internal missense mutation in human hepatic lipase gene exon 3. Mutations in brief no. 181. Online. Hum Mutat. 1998;12(3):216. [PubMed ]
9. Takagi A, Ikeda Y, Mori A, Ashida Y, Yamamoto A: Identification of a BstNI polymorphism in exon 9 of the human hepatic triglyceride lipase gene. Mol Cell Probes. 1996 Aug;10(4):313-4. [PubMed ]
10. Todorova B, Kubaszek A, Pihlajamaki J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson J, Valle TT, Hamalainen H, Ilanne-Parikka P, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S, Tuomilehto J, Uusitupa M, Laakso M: The G-250A promoter polymorphism of the hepatic lipase gene predicts the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 May;89(5):2019-23. [PubMed ]
11. Grarup N, Andreasen CH, Andersen MK, Albrechtsen A, Sandbaek A, Lauritzen T, Borch-Johnsen K, Jorgensen T, Schmitz O, Hansen T, Pedersen O: The -250G>A promoter variant in hepatic lipase associates with elevated fasting serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol modulated by interaction with physical activity in a study of 16,156 Danish subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jun;93(6):2294-9. Epub 2008 Mar 25. [PubMed ]
12. Hegele RA, Tu L, Connelly PW: Human hepatic lipase mutations and polymorphisms. Hum Mutat. 1992;1(4):320-4. [PubMed ]
13. Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, Shaw N, Lane CR, Lim EP, Kalyanaraman N, Nemesh J, Ziaugra L, Friedland L, Rolfe A, Warrington J, Lipshutz R, Daley GQ, Lander ES: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):231-8. [PubMed ]
14. Morabia A, Cayanis E, Costanza MC, Ross BM, Flaherty MS, Alvin GB, Das K, Gilliam TC: Association of extreme blood lipid profile phenotypic variation with 11 reverse cholesterol transport genes and 10 non-genetic cardiovascular disease risk factors. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Nov 1;12(21):2733-43. Epub 2003 Sep 9. [PubMed ]

1. PL-RP1

MLIFWTITLFLLGAAKGKEVCYEDLGCFSDTEPWGGTAIRPLKILPWSPEKIGTRFLLYT
NENPNNFQILLLSDPSTIEASNFQMDRKTRFIIHGFIDKGDESWVTDMCKKLFEVEEVNC
ICVDWKKGSQATYTQAANNVRVVGAQVAQMLDILLTEYSYPPSKVHLIGHSLGAHVAGEA
GSKTPGLSRITGLDPVEASFESTPEEVRLDPSDADFVDVIHTDAAPLIPFLGFGTNQQMG
HLDFFPNGGESMPGCKKNALSQIVDLDGIWAGTRDFVACNHLRSYKYYLESILNPDGFAA
YPCTSYKSFESDKCFPCPDQGCPQMGHYADKFAGRTSEEQQKFFLNTGEASNFARWRYGV
SITLSGRTATGQIKVALFGNKGNTHQYSIFRGILKPGSTHSYEFDAKLDVGTIEKVKFLW
NNNVINPTLPKVGATKITVQKGEEKTVYNFCSEDTVREDTLLTLTPC

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-17

• None

ATGCTGATCTTCTGGACAATCACACTTTTCCTGCTGGGAGCAGCCAAAGGAAAAGAAGTT
TGCTATGAGGACCTCGGGTGCTTTTCTGACACTGAGCCCTGGGGCGGGACAGCAATCAGG
CCCCTGAAAATTCTCCCCTGGAGCCCTGAGAAGATCGGCACCCGCTTCCTGCTGTACACC
AATGAAAACCCAAACAACTTTCAAATTCTCCTCCTCTCTGATCCATCAACAATTGAGGCA
TCAAATTTTCAAATGGACAGAAAGACCCGGTTCATCATCCATGGCTTCATAGACAAAGGA
GATGAGAGCTGGGTGACAGACATGTGCAAGAAACTGTTCGAGGTGGAGGAGGTGAACTGC
ATCTGCGTGGACTGGAAGAAGGGCTCCCAAGCCACCTACACACAGGCTGCCAACAACGTG
CGAGTGGTGGGCGCCCAGGTGGCCCAGATGCTCGACATCCTCTTGACAGAGTATAGCTAC
CCCCCTTCCAAAGTTCACCTCATTGGCCACAGCCTGGGAGCCCACGTGGCTGGAGAGGCA
GGAAGCAAGACTCCAGGCCTGAGCAGGATTACAGGGTTGGATCCTGTAGAAGCAAGTTTC
GAGAGTACTCCTGAAGAGGTGCGACTTGATCCCTCTGATGCTGACTTTGTTGATGTGATT
CACACGGATGCAGCTCCCCTGATCCCATTCTTGGGTTTTGGAACGAACCAACAGATGGGT
CATCTTGACTTCTTCCCCAATGGAGGAGAGAGCATGCCGGGATGCAAGAAGAATGCCCTG
TCTCAGATCGTGGATCTAGATGGCATCTGGGCGGGAACCCGGGACTTTGTGGCTTGCAAT
CACCTAAGAAGCTACAAGTATTACTTGGAAAGCATCCTCAATCCCGATGGGTTTGCTGCA
TATCCCTGCACTTCCTACAAGTCCTTTGAGTCTGACAAGTGCTTCCCGTGTCCAGATCAA
GGATGCCCACAGATGGGTCACTATGCTGATAAATTTGCTGGCAGGACAAGTGAAGAGCAG
CAGAAATTCTTCTTGAACACAGGAGAGGCTAGCAATTTCGCTCGCTGGAGATATGGGGTT
TCCATCACACTGTCTGGAAGAACAGCCACTGGTCAGATCAAAGTTGCTTTGTTTGGAAAT
AAGGGAAACACTCACCAGTACAGCATCTTCAGGGGGATTCTCAAACCAGGCTCAACCCAT
TCCTATGAGTTTGATGCAAAGCTGGATGTTGGAACAATTGAGAAAGTCAAGTTTCTTTGG
AATAACAATGTGATAAATCCAACCCTCCCCAAAGTGGGTGCCACCAAGATCACTGTGCAA
AAGGGAGAAGAGAAGACAGTGTACAACTTCTGTAGCGAAGACACAGTGCGGGAAGACACG
CTGCTCACCCTCACGCCCTGCTAA

1. Giller T, Buchwald P, Blum-Kaelin D, Hunziker W: Two novel human pancreatic lipase related proteins, hPLRP1 and hPLRP2. Differences in colipase dependence and in lipase activity. J Biol Chem. 1992 Aug 15;267(23):16509-16. [PubMed ]
2. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. Acylglycerol O-acyltransferase
2. Adiponutrin
3. Calcium-independent phospholipase A2-epsilon
4. iPLA2-epsilon

MYDAERGWSLSFAGCGFLGFYHVGATRCLSEHAPHLLRDARMLFGASAGALHCVGVLSGI
PLEQTLQVLSDLVRKARSRNIGIFHPSFNLSKFLRQGLCKCLPANVHQLISGKIGISLTR
VSDGENVLVSDFRSKDEVVDALVCSCFIPFYSGLIPPSFRGVRYVDGGVSDNVPFIDAKT
TITVSPFYGEYDICPKVKSTNFLHVDITKLSLRLCTGNLYLLSRAFVPPDLKVLGEICLR
GYLDAFRFLEEKGICNRPQPGLKSSSEGMDPEVAMPSWANMSLDSSPESAALAVRLEGDE
LLDHLRLSILPWDESILDTLSPRLATALSEEMKDKGGYMSKICNLLPIRIMSYVMLPCTL
PVESAIAIVQRLVTWLPDMPDDVLWLQWVTSQVFTRVLMCLLPASRSQMPVSSQQASPCT
PEQDWPCWTPCSPKGCPAETKAEATPRSILRSSLNFFLGNKVPAGAEGLSTFPSFSLEKS
L

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]

• Patatin (PF01734 )

• None

• 42-62

ATGTACGACGCAGAGCGCGGCTGGAGCTTGTCCTTCGCGGGCTGCGGCTTCCTGGGCTTC
TACCACGTCGGGGCGACCCGCTGCCTGAGCGAGCACGCCCCGCACCTCCTCCGCGACGCG
CGCATGTTGTTCGGCGCTTCGGCCGGGGCGTTGCACTGCGTCGGCGTCCTCTCCGGTATC
CCGCTGGAGCAGACTCTGCAGGTCCTCTCAGATCTTGTGCGGAAGGCCAGGAGTCGGAAC
ATTGGCATCTTCCATCCATCCTTCAACTTAAGCAAGTTCCTCCGACAGGGTCTCTGCAAA
TGCCTCCCGGCCAATGTCCACCAGCTCATCTCCGGCAAAATAGGCATCTCTCTTACCAGA
GTGTCTGATGGGGAAAACGTTCTGGTGTCTGACTTTCGGTCCAAAGACGAAGTCGTGGAT
GCCTTGGTATGTTCCTGCTTCATCCCCTTCTACAGTGGCCTTATCCCTCCTTCCTTCAGA
GGCGTGCGATATGTGGATGGAGGAGTGAGTGACAACGTACCCTTCATTGATGCCAAAACA
ACCATCACCGTGTCCCCCTTCTATGGGGAGTACGACATCTGCCCTAAAGTCAAGTCCACG
AACTTTCTTCATGTGGACATCACCAAGCTCAGTCTACGCCTCTGCACAGGGAACCTCTAC
CTTCTCTCGAGAGCTTTTGTCCCCCCGGATCTCAAGGTGCTGGGAGAGATATGCCTTCGA
GGATATTTGGATGCATTCAGGTTCTTGGAAGAGAAGGGCATCTGCAACAGGCCCCAGCCA
GGCCTGAAGTCATCCTCAGAAGGGATGGATCCTGAGGTCGCCATGCCCAGCTGGGCAAAC
ATGAGTCTGGATTCTTCCCCGGAGTCGGCTGCCTTGGCTGTGAGGCTGGAGGGAGATGAG
CTGCTAGACCACCTGCGTCTCAGCATCCTGCCCTGGGATGAGAGCATCCTGGACACCCTC
TCGCCCAGGCTCGCTACAGCACTGAGTGAAGAAATGAAAGACAAAGGTGGATACATGAGC
AAGATTTGCAACTTGCTACCCATTAGGATAATGTCTTATGTAATGCTGCCCTGTACCCTG
CCTGTGGAATCTGCCATTGCGATTGTCCAGAGACTGGTGACATGGCTTCCAGATATGCCC
GACGATGTCCTGTGGTTGCAGTGGGTGACCTCACAGGTGTTCACTCGAGTGCTGATGTGT
CTGCTCCCCGCCTCCAGGTCCCAAATGCCAGTGAGCAGCCAACAGGCCTCCCCATGCACA
CCTGAGCAGGACTGGCCCTGCTGGACTCCCTGCTCCCCCAAGGGCTGTCCAGCAGAGACC
AAAGCAGAGGCCACCCCGCGGTCCATCCTCAGGTCCAGCCTGAACTTCTTCTTGGGCAAT
AAAGTACCTGCTGGTGCTGAGGGGCTCTCCACCTTTCCCAGTTTTTCACTAGAGAAGAGT
CTGTGA

1. Collins JE, Goward ME, Cole CG, Smink LJ, Huckle EJ, Knowles S, Bye JM, Beare DM, Dunham I: Reevaluating human gene annotation: a second-generation analysis of chromosome 22. Genome Res. 2003 Jan;13(1):27-36. [PubMed ]
2. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R84. Epub 2004 Sep 30. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Jenkins CM, Mancuso DJ, Yan W, Sims HF, Gibson B, Gross RW: Identification, cloning, expression, and purification of three novel human calcium-independent phospholipase A2 family members possessing triacylglycerol lipase and acylglycerol transacylase activities. J Biol Chem. 2004 Nov 19;279(47):48968-75. Epub 2004 Sep 10. [PubMed ]
7. Liu YM, Moldes M, Bastard JP, Bruckert E, Viguerie N, Hainque B, Basdevant A, Langin D, Pairault J, Clement K: Adiponutrin: A new gene regulated by energy balance in human adipose tissue. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jun;89(6):2684-9. [PubMed ]
8. Johansson LE, Lindblad U, Larsson CA, Rastam L, Ridderstrale M: Polymorphisms in the adiponutrin gene are associated with increased insulin secretion and obesity. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008 Nov;159(5):577-83. Epub 2008 Aug 26. [PubMed ]
9. Romeo S, Kozlitina J, Xing C, Pertsemlidis A, Cox D, Pennacchio LA, Boerwinkle E, Cohen JC, Hobbs HH: Genetic variation in PNPLA3 confers susceptibility to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Genet. 2008 Dec;40(12):1461-5. Epub 2008 Sep 25. [PubMed ]
10. Kotronen A, Johansson LE, Johansson LM, Roos C, Westerbacka J, Hamsten A, Bergholm R, Arkkila P, Arola J, Kiviluoto T, Fisher RM, Ehrenborg E, Orho-Melander M, Ridderstrale M, Groop L, Yki-Jarvinen H: A common variant in PNPLA3, which encodes adiponutrin, is associated with liver fat content in humans. Diabetologia. 2009 Jun;52(6):1056-60. Epub 2009 Feb 18. [PubMed ]
11. He S, McPhaul C, Li JZ, Garuti R, Kinch L, Grishin NV, Cohen JC, Hobbs HH: A sequence variation (I148M) in PNPLA3 associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease disrupts triglyceride hydrolysis. J Biol Chem. 2010 Feb 26;285(9):6706-15. Epub 2009 Dec 23. [PubMed ]
12. Sookoian S, Castano GO, Burgueno AL, Gianotti TF, Rosselli MS, Pirola CJ: A nonsynonymous gene variant in the adiponutrin gene is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease severity. J Lipid Res. 2009 Oct;50(10):2111-6. [PubMed ]

1. GL
2. Gastric lipase

MWLLLTMASLISVLGTTHGLFGKLHPGSPEVTMNISQMITYWGYPNEEYEVVTEDGYILE
VNRIPYGKKNSGNTGQRPVVFLQHGLLASATNWISNLPNNSLAFILADAGYDVWLGNSRG
NTWARRNLYYSPDSVEFWAFSFDEMAKYDLPATIDFIVKKTGQKQLHYVGHSQGTTIGFI
AFSTNPSLAKRIKTFYALAPVATVKYTKSLINKLRFVPQSLFKFIFGDKIFYPHNFFDQF
LATEVCSREMLNLLCSNALFIICGFDSKNFNTSRLDVYLSHNPAGTSVQNMFHWTQAVKS
GKFQAYDWGSPVQNRMHYDQSQPPYYNVTAMNVPIAVWNGGKDLLADPQDVGLLLPKLPN
LIYHKEIPFYNHLDFIWAMDAPQEVYNDIVSMISEDKK

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]

• Abhydro_lipase (PF04083 )
• Abhydrolase_1 (PF00561 )

• 1-19

• None

ATGTGGCTGCTTTTAACAATGGCAAGTTTGATATCTGTACTGGGGACTACACATGGTTTG
TTTGGAAAATTACATCCTGGAAGCCCTGAAGTGACTATGAACATTAGTCAGATGATTACT
TATTGGGGATACCCAAATGAAGAATATGAAGTTGTGACTGAAGATGGTTATATTCTTGAA
GTCAATAGAATTCCTTATGGGAAGAAAAATTCAGGGAATACAGGCCAGAGACCTGTTGTG
TTTTTGCAGCATGGTTTGCTTGCATCAGCCACAAACTGGATTTCCAACCTGCCGAACAAC
AGCCTTGCCTTCATTCTGGCAGATGCTGGTTATGATGTGTGGCTGGGCAACAGCAGAGGA
AACACCTGGGCCAGAAGAAACTTGTACTATTCACCAGATTCAGTTGAATTCTGGGCTTTC
AGCTTTGATGAAATGGCTAAATATGACCTTCCAGCCACAATCGACTTCATTGTAAAGAAA
ACTGGACAGAAGCAGCTACACTATGTTGGCCATTCCCAGGGCACCACCATTGGTTTTATT
GCCTTTTCCACCAATCCCAGCCTGGCTAAAAGAATCAAAACCTTCTATGCTCTAGCTCCT
GTTGCCACTGTGAAGTATACAAAAAGCCTTATAAACAAACTTAGATTTGTTCCTCAATCC
CTCTTCAAGTTTATATTTGGTGACAAAATATTCTACCCACACAACTTCTTTGATCAATTT
CTTGCTACTGAAGTGTGCTCCCGTGAGATGCTGAATCTCCTTTGCAGCAATGCCTTATTT
ATAATTTGTGGATTTGACAGTAAGAACTTTAACACGAGTCGCTTGGATGTGTATCTATCA
CATAATCCAGCAGGAACTTCTGTTCAAAACATGTTCCATTGGACCCAGGCTGTTAAGTCT
GGGAAATTCCAAGCTTATGACTGGGGAAGCCCAGTTCAGAATAGGATGCACTATGATCAG
TCCCAACCTCCCTACTACAATGTGACAGCCATGAATGTACCAATTGCAGTGTGGAACGGT
GGCAAGGACCTGTTGGCTGACCCCCAAGATGTTGGCCTTTTGCTTCCAAAACTCCCCAAT
CTTATTTACCACAAGGAGATTCCTTTTTACAATCACTTGGACTTTATCTGGGCAATGGAT
GCCCCTCAAGAAGTTTACAATGACATTGTTTCTATGATATCAGAAGATAAAAAGTAG

1. Bodmer MW, Angal S, Yarranton GT, Harris TJ, Lyons A, King DJ, Pieroni G, Riviere C, Verger R, Lowe PA: Molecular cloning of a human gastric lipase and expression of the enzyme in yeast. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Aug 25;909(3):237-44. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
3. Bernback S, Blackberg L: Human gastric lipase. The N-terminal tetrapeptide is essential for lipid binding and lipase activity. Eur J Biochem. 1989 Jul 1;182(3):495-9. [PubMed ]
4. Roussel A, Canaan S, Egloff MP, Riviere M, Dupuis L, Verger R, Cambillau C: Crystal structure of human gastric lipase and model of lysosomal acid lipase, two lipolytic enzymes of medical interest. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 11;274(24):16995-7002. [PubMed ]

1. Endothelial cell-derived lipase
2. EDL
3. EL

MSNSVPLLCFWSLCYCFAAGSPVPFGPEGRLEDKLHKPKATQTEVKPSVRFNLRTSKDPE
HEGCYLSVGHSQPLEDCSFNMTAKTFFIIHGWTMSGIFENWLHKLVSALHTREKDANVVV
VDWLPLAHQLYTDAVNNTRVVGHSIARMLDWLQEKDDFSLGNVHLIGYSLGAHVAGYAGN
FVKGTVGRITGLDPAGPMFEGADIHKRLSPDDADFVDVLHTYTRSFGLSIGIQMPVGHID
IYPNGGDFQPGCGLNDVLGSIAYGTITEVVKCEHERAVHLFVDSLVNQDKPSFAFQCTDS
NRFKKGICLSCRKNRCNSIGYNAKKMRNKRNSKMYLKTRAGMPFRVYHYQMKIHVFSYKN
MGEIEPTFYVTLYGTNADSQTLPLEIVERIEQNATNTFLVYTEEDLGDLLKIQLTWEGAS
QSWYNLWKEFRSYLSQPRNPGRELNIRRIRVKSGETQRKLTFCTEDPENTSISPGRELWF
RKCRDGWRMKNETSPTVELP

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-20

• None

ATGAGCAACTCCGTTCCTCTGCTCTGTTTCTGGAGCCTCTGCTATTGCTTTGCTGCGGGG
AGCCCCGTACCTTTTGGTCCAGAGGGACGGCTGGAAGATAAGCTCCACAAACCCAAAGCT
ACACAGACTGAGGTCAAACCATCTGTGAGGTTTAACCTCCGCACCTCCAAGGACCCAGAG
CATGAAGGATGCTACCTCTCCGTCGGCCACAGCCAGCCCTTAGAAGACTGCAGTTTCAAC
ATGACAGCTAAAACCTTTTTCATCATTCACGGATGGACGATGAGCGGTATCTTTGAAAAC
TGGCTGCACAAACTCGTGTCAGCCCTGCACACAAGAGAGAAAGACGCCAATGTAGTTGTG
GTTGACTGGCTCCCCCTGGCCCACCAGCTTTACACGGATGCGGTCAATAATACCAGGGTG
GTGGGACACAGCATTGCCAGGATGCTCGACTGGCTGCAGGAGAAGGACGATTTTTCTCTC
GGGAATGTCCACTTGATCGGCTACAGCCTCGGAGCGCACGTGGCCGGGTATGCAGGCAAC
TTCGTGAAAGGAACGGTGGGCCGAATCACAGGTTTGGATCCTGCCGGGCCCATGTTTGAA
GGGGCCGACATCCACAAGAGGCTCTCTCCGGACGATGCAGATTTTGTGGATGTCCTCCAC
ACCTACACGCGTTCCTTCGGCTTGAGCATTGGTATTCAGATGCCTGTGGGCCACATTGAC
ATCTACCCCAATGGGGGTGACTTCCAGCCAGGCTGTGGACTCAACGATGTCTTGGGATCA
ATTGCATATGGAACAATCACAGAGGTGGTAAAATGTGAGCATGAGCGAGCCGTCCACCTC
TTTGTTGACTCTCTGGTGAATCAGGACAAGCCGAGTTTTGCCTTCCAGTGCACTGACTCC
AATCGCTTCAAAAAGGGGATCTGTCTGAGCTGCCGCAAGAACCGTTGTAATAGCATTGGC
TACAATGCCAAGAAAATGAGGAACAAGAGGAACAGCAAAATGTACCTAAAAACCCGGGCA
GGCATGCCTTTCAGAGTTTACCATTATCAGATGAAAATCCATGTCTTCAGTTACAAGAAC
ATGGGAGAAATTGAGCCCACCTTTTACGTCACCCTTTATGGCACTAATGCAGATTCCCAG
ACTCTGCCACTGGAAATAGTGGAGCGGATCGAGCAGAATGCCACCAACACCTTCCTGGTC
TACACCGAGGAGGACTTGGGAGACCTCTTGAAGATCCAGCTCACCTGGGAGGGGGCCTCT
CAGTCTTGGTACAACCTGTGGAAGGAGTTTCGCAGCTACCTGTCTCAACCCCGCAACCCC
GGACGGGAGCTGAATATCAGGCGCATCCGGGTGAAGTCTGGGGAAACCCAGCGGAAACTG
ACATTTTGTACAGAAGACCCTGAGAACACCAGCATATCCCCAGGCCGGGAGCTCTGGTTT
CGCAAGTGTCGGGATGGCTGGAGGATGAAAAACGAAACCAGTCCCACTGTGGAGCTTCCC
TGA

1. Hirata K, Dichek HL, Cioffi JA, Choi SY, Leeper NJ, Quintana L, Kronmal GS, Cooper AD, Quertermous T: Cloning of a unique lipase from endothelial cells extends the lipase gene family. J Biol Chem. 1999 May 14;274(20):14170-5. [PubMed ]
2. Jaye M, Lynch KJ, Krawiec J, Marchadier D, Maugeais C, Doan K, South V, Amin D, Perrone M, Rader DJ: A novel endothelial-derived lipase that modulates HDL metabolism. Nat Genet. 1999 Apr;21(4):424-8. [PubMed ]
3. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. McCoy MG, Sun GS, Marchadier D, Maugeais C, Glick JM, Rader DJ: Characterization of the lipolytic activity of endothelial lipase. J Lipid Res. 2002 Jun;43(6):921-9. [PubMed ]
6. Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG 2nd, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;4(6):2070-80. [PubMed ]
7. Morabia A, Cayanis E, Costanza MC, Ross BM, Flaherty MS, Alvin GB, Das K, Gilliam TC: Association of extreme blood lipid profile phenotypic variation with 11 reverse cholesterol transport genes and 10 non-genetic cardiovascular disease risk factors. Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Nov 1;12(21):2733-43. Epub 2003 Sep 9. [PubMed ]

1. BAL
2. Bile salt-stimulated lipase
3. BSSL
4. Bucelipase
5. Carboxyl ester lipase
6. Cholesterol esterase
7. Pancreatic lysophospholipase
8. Sterol esterase

MGRLQLVVLGLTCCWAVASAAKLGAVYTEGGFVEGVNKKLGLLGDSVDIFKGIPFAAPTK
ALENPQPHPGWQGTLKAKNFKKRCLQATITQDSTYGDEDCLYLNIWVPQGRKQVSRDLPV
MIWIYGGAFLMGSGHGANFLNNYLYDGEEIATRGNVIVVTFNYRVGPLGFLSTGDANLPG
NYGLRDQHMAIAWVKRNIAAFGGDPNNITLFGESAGGASVSLQTLSPYNKGLIRRAISQS
GVALSPWVIQKNPLFWAKKVAEKVGCPVGDAARMAQCLKVTDPRALTLAYKVPLAGLEYP
MLHYVGFVPVIDGDFIPADPINLYANAADIDYIAGTNNMDGHIFASIDMPAINKGNKKVT
EEDFYKLVSEFTITKGLRGAKTTFDVYTESWAQDPSQENKKKTVVDFETDVLFLVPTEIA
LAQHRANAKSAKTYAYLFSHPSRMPVYPKWVGADHADDIQYVFGKPFATPTGYRPQDRTV
SKAMIAYWTNFAKTGDPNMGDSAVPTHWEPYTTENSGYLEITKKMGSSSMKRSLRTNFLR
YWTLTYLALPTVTDQEATPVPPTGDSEATPVPPTGDSETAPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSG
APPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVP
PTGDSGAPPVPPTGDAGPPPVPPTGDSGAPPVPPTGDSGAPPVTPTGDSETAPVPPTGDS
GAPPVPPTGDSEAAPVPPTDDSKEAQMPAVIRF

• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )

• a steryl ester + H2O = a sterol + a fatty acid [RN:R02115]

• COesterase (PF00135 )

• 1-20

• None

ATGCTCACCATGGGGCGCCTGCAACTGGTTGTGTTGGGCCTCACCTGCTGCTGGGCAGTG
GCGAGTGCCGCGAAGCTGGGCGCCGTGTACACAGAAGGTGGGTTCGTGGAAGGCGTCAAT
AAGAAGCTCGGCCTCCTGGGTGACTCTGTGGACATCTTCAAGGGCATCCCCTTCGCAGCT
CCCACCAAGGCCCTGGAAAATCCTCAGCCACATCCTGGCTGGCAAGGGACCCTGAAGGCC
AAGAACTTCAAGAAGAGATGCCTGCAGGCCACCATCACCCAGGACAGCACCTACGGGGAT
GAAGACTGCCTGTACCTCAACATTTGGGTGCCCCAGGGCAGGAAGCAAGTCTCCCGGGAC
CTGCCCGTTATGATCTGGATCTATGGAGGCGCCTTCCTCATGGGGTCCGGCCATGGGGCC
AACTTCCTCAACAACTACCTGTATGACGGCGAGGAGATCGCCACACGCGGAAACGTCATC
GTGGTCACCTTCAACTACCGTGTCGGCCCCCTTGGGTTCCTCAGCACTGGGGACGCCAAT
CTGCCAGGTAACTATGGCCTTCGGGATCAGCACATGGCCATTGCTTGGGTGAAGAGGAAT
ATCGCGGCCTTCGGGGGGGACCCCAACAACATCACGCTCTTCGGGGAGTCTGCTGGAGGT
GCCAGCGTCTCTCTGCAGACCCTCTCCCCCTACAACAAGGGCCTCATCCGGCGAGCCATC
AGCCAGAGCGGCGTGGCCCTGAGTCCCTGGGTCATCCAGAAAAACCCACTCTTCTGGGCC
AAAAAGGTGGCTGAGAAGGTGGGTTGCCCTGTGGGTGATGCCGCCAGGATGGCCCAGTGT
CTGAAGGTTACTGATCCCCGAGCCCTGACGCTGGCCTATAAGGTGCCGCTGGCAGGCCTG
GAGTACCCCATGCTGCACTATGTGGGCTTCGTCCCTGTCATTGATGGAGACTTCATCCCC
GCTGACCCGATCAACCTGTACGCCAACGCCGCCGACATCGACTATATAGCAGGCACCAAC
AACATGGACGGCCACATCTTCGCCAGCATCGACATGCCTGCCATCAACAAGGGCAACAAG
AAAGTCACGGAGGAGGACTTCTACAAGCTGGTCAGTGAGTTCACAATCACCAAGGGGCTC
AGAGGCGCCAAGACGACCTTTGATGTCTACACCGAGTCCTGGGCCCAGGACCCATCCCAG
GAGAATAAGAAGAAGACTGTGGTGGACTTTGAGACCGATGTCCTCTTCCTGGTGCCCACC
GAGATTGCCCTAGCCCAGCACAGAGCCAATGCCAAGAGTGCCAAGACCTACGCCTACCTG
TTTTCCCATCCCTCTCGGATGCCCGTCTACCCCAAATGGGTGGGGGCCGACCATGCAGAT
GACATTCAGTACGTTTTCGGGAAGCCCTTCGCCACCCCCACGGGCTACCGGCCCCAAGAC
AGGACAGTCTCTAAGGCCATGATCGCCTACTGGACCAACTTTGCCAAAACAGGGGACCCC
AACATGGGCGACTCGGCTGTGCCCACACACTGGGAACCCTACACTACGGAAAACAGCGGC
TACCTGGAGATCACCAAGAAGATGGGCAGCAGCTCCATGAAGCGGAGCCTGAGAACCAAC
TTCCTGCGCTACTGGACCCTCACCTATCTGGCGCTGCCCACAGTGACCGACCAGGAGGCC
ACCCCTGTGCCCCCCACAGGGGACTCCGAGGCCACTCCCGTGCCCCCCACGGGTGACTCC
GAGACCGCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGT
GACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCC
ACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTG
CCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCC
CCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGCGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACGCCGGG
CCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGACTCCGGCGCCCCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACGGGTGAC
TCCGGGGCCCCCCCCGTGACCCCCACGGGTGACTCCGAGACCGCCCCCGTGCCGCCCACG
GGTGACTCCGGGGCCCCCCCTGTGCCCCCCACGGGTGACTCTGAGGCTGCCCCTGTGCCC
CCCACAGATGACTCCAAGGAAGCTCAGATGCCTGCAGTCATTAGGTTTTAG

1. Nilsson J, Blackberg L, Carlsson P, Enerback S, Hernell O, Bjursell G: cDNA cloning of human-milk bile-salt-stimulated lipase and evidence for its identity to pancreatic carboxylic ester hydrolase. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Sep 11;192(2):543-50. [PubMed ]
2. Hui DY, Kissel JA: Sequence identity between human pancreatic cholesterol esterase and bile salt-stimulated milk lipase. FEBS Lett. 1990 Dec 10;276(1-2):131-4. [PubMed ]
3. Baba T, Downs D, Jackson KW, Tang J, Wang CS: Structure of human milk bile salt activated lipase. Biochemistry. 1991 Jan 15;30(2):500-10. [PubMed ]
4. Lidberg U, Nilsson J, Stromberg K, Stenman G, Sahlin P, Enerback S, Bjursell G: Genomic organization, sequence analysis, and chromosomal localization of the human carboxyl ester lipase (CEL) gene and a CEL-like (CELL) gene. Genomics. 1992 Jul;13(3):630-40. [PubMed ]
5. Roudani S, Miralles F, Margotat A, Escribano MJ, Lombardo D: Bile salt-dependent lipase transcripts in human fetal tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Oct 17;1264(1):141-50. [PubMed ]
6. Madeyski K, Lidberg U, Bjursell G, Nilsson J: Structure and organization of the human carboxyl ester lipase locus. Mamm Genome. 1998 Apr;9(4):334-8. [PubMed ]
7. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed ]
8. Hui DY, Hayakawa K, Oizumi J: Lipoamidase activity in normal and mutagenized pancreatic cholesterol esterase (bile salt-stimulated lipase). Biochem J. 1993 Apr 1;291 ( Pt 1):65-9. [PubMed ]
9. Christie DL, Cleverly DR, O'Connor CJ: Human milk bile-salt stimulated lipase. Sequence similarity with rat lysophospholipase and homology with the active site region of cholinesterases. FEBS Lett. 1991 Jan 28;278(2):190-4. [PubMed ]
10. Wang CS, Dashti A, Jackson KW, Yeh JC, Cummings RD, Tang J: Isolation and characterization of human milk bile salt-activated lipase C-tail fragment. Biochemistry. 1995 Aug 22;34(33):10639-44. [PubMed ]
11. Mechref Y, Chen P, Novotny MV: Structural characterization of the N-linked oligosaccharides in bile salt-stimulated lipase originated from human breast milk. Glycobiology. 1999 Mar;9(3):227-34. [PubMed ]
12. Terzyan S, Wang CS, Downs D, Hunter B, Zhang XC: Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of human bile salt activated lipase. Protein Sci. 2000 Sep;9(9):1783-90. [PubMed ]
13. Raeder H, Johansson S, Holm PI, Haldorsen IS, Mas E, Sbarra V, Nermoen I, Eide SA, Grevle L, Bjorkhaug L, Sagen JV, Aksnes L, Sovik O, Lombardo D, Molven A, Njolstad PR: Mutations in the CEL VNTR cause a syndrome of diabetes and pancreatic exocrine dysfunction. Nat Genet. 2006 Jan;38(1):54-62. Epub 2005 Dec 20. [PubMed ]

1. PL-RP2

MLPPWTLGLLLLATVRGKEVCYGQLGCFSDEKPWAGTLQRPVKLLPWSPEDIDTRFLLYT
NENPNNFQLITGTEPDTIEASNFQLDRKTRFIIHGFLDKAEDSWPSDMCKKMFEVEKVNC
ICVDWRHGSRAMYTQAVQNIRVVGAETAFLIQALSTQLGYSLEDVHVIGHSLGAHTAAEA
GRRLGGRVGRITGLDPAGPCFQDEPEEVRLDPSDAVFVDVIHTDSSPIVPSLGFGMSQKV
GHLDFFPNGGKEMPGCKKNVLSTITDIDGIWEGIGGFVSCNHLRSFEYYSSSVLNPDGFL
GYPCASYDEFQESKCFPCPAEGCPKMGHYADQFKGKTSAVEQTFFLNTGESGNFTSWRYK
VSVTLSGKEKVNGYIRIALYGSNENSKQYEIFKGSLKPDASHTCAIDVDFNVGKIQKVKF
LWNKRGINLSEPKLGASQITVQSGEDGTEYNFCSSDTVEENVLQSLYPC

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-17

• None

ATGCTGCCCCCTTGGACCCTCGGCCTTCTCCTGCTGGCCACAGTCAGAGGAAAAGAGGTC
TGCTACGGACAACTTGGCTGCTTTTCTGATGAAAAACCATGGGCAGGAACCCTTCAGCGA
CCTGTAAAATTACTTCCCTGGTCCCCCGAGGACATTGACACCCGCTTTCTTCTGTACACA
AATGAAAATCCAAACAACTTCCAACTAATCACTGGCACGGAACCAGACACCATTGAGGCT
TCAAACTTCCAACTGGACCGCAAGACACGCTTCATCATCCATGGCTTCTTAGACAAGGCG
GAGGACAGCTGGCCATCGGACATGTGCAAGAAAATGTTTGAAGTGGAGAAGGTGAACTGC
ATCTGTGTGGACTGGAGGCACGGGTCCCGGGCAATGTACACCCAAGCCGTGCAAAACATT
CGGGTTGTTGGGGCGGAGACAGCTTTCTTAATACAAGCACTGTCGACGCAGCTAGGGTAC
AGCCTTGAGGACGTGCATGTCATCGGCCACAGCCTGGGCGCGCACACGGCCGCGGAGGCG
GGCAGGAGGCTGGGGGGCCGCGTGGGCAGGATCACAGGGCTGGATCCAGCAGGGCCGTGC
TTCCAGGATGAACCTGAGGAGGTTCGGTTGGATCCATCTGACGCCGTGTTTGTGGATGTG
ATTCACACAGATTCTTCTCCCATAGTTCCTTCCCTAGGTTTCGGAATGAGCCAAAAGGTG
GGCCATCTGGATTTCTTTCCAAATGGAGGAAAGGAAATGCCCGGATGTAAGAAAAATGTC
CTTTCAACCATTACTGATATTGATGGAATATGGGAAGGAATTGGTGGCTTTGTGTCTTGC
AATCACCTAAGAAGCTTCGAGTATTACTCAAGCAGCGTCCTCAACCCTGATGGCTTCCTG
GGCTATCCCTGTGCCTCCTACGATGAGTTTCAGGAGAGTAAGTGTTTCCCTTGTCCAGCT
GAAGGATGCCCCAAAATGGGGCACTATGCTGACCAATTTAAGGGGAAAACAAGTGCTGTG
GAACAAACCTTTTTCCTGAACACAGGAGAGAGTGGTAACTTTACTAGTTGGAGATATAAG
GTATCAGTCACACTTTCTGGAAAAGAGAAAGTGAATGGGTACATCAGGATTGCTTTGTAT
GGAAGTAATGAAAACTCGAAACAATATGAGATTTTCAAAGGATCCCTCAAACCAGATGCA
AGTCACACGTGTGCTATTGATGTGGATTTTAATGTTGGAAAAATACAGAAAGTTAAATTC
CTCTGGAACAAACGTGGGATAAATCTATCTGAGCCCAAACTGGGGGCTTCCCAAATCACA
GTGCAAAGTGGTGAAGATGGGACTGAGTATAATTTTTGTAGCAGCGACACTGTGGAAGAA
AACGTCTTGCAATCTCTTTACCCTTGTTAA

1. Giller T, Buchwald P, Blum-Kaelin D, Hunziker W: Two novel human pancreatic lipase related proteins, hPLRP1 and hPLRP2. Differences in colipase dependence and in lipase activity. J Biol Chem. 1992 Aug 15;267(23):16509-16. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Eydoux C, Spinelli S, Davis TL, Walker JR, Seitova A, Dhe-Paganon S, De Caro A, Cambillau C, Carriere F: Structure of human pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 with the lid in an open conformation. Biochemistry. 2008 Sep 9;47(36):9553-64. Epub 2008 Aug 15. [PubMed ]

1. LPL

MESKALLVLTLAVWLQSLTASRGGVAAADQRRDFIDIESKFALRTPEDTAEDTCHLIPGV
AESVATCHFNHSSKTFMVIHGWTVTGMYESWVPKLVAALYKREPDSNVIVVDWLSRAQEH
YPVSAGYTKLVGQDVARFINWMEEEFNYPLDNVHLLGYSLGAHAAGIAGSLTNKKVNRIT
GLDPAGPNFEYAEAPSRLSPDDADFVDVLHTFTRGSPGRSIGIQKPVGHVDIYPNGGTFQ
PGCNIGEAIRVIAERGLGDVDQLVKCSHERSIHLFIDSLLNEENPSKAYRCSSKEAFEKG
LCLSCRKNRCNNLGYEINKVRAKRSSKMYLKTRSQMPYKVFHYQVKIHFSGTESETHTNQ
AFEISLYGTVAESENIPFTLPEVSTNKTYSFLIYTEVDIGELLMLKLKWKSDSYFSWSDW
WSSPGFAIQKIRVKAGETQKKVIFCSREKVSHLQKGKAPAVFVKCHDKSLNKKSG

• Glycerolipid Metabolism (map00561 )

• triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]

• Lipase (PF00151 )
• PLAT (PF01477 )

• 1-27

• None

ATGGAGAGCAAAGCCCTGCTCGTGCTGACTCTGGCCGTGTGGCTCCAGAGTCTGACCGCC
TCCCGCGGAGGGGTGGCCGCCGCCGACCAAAGAAGAGATTTTATCGACATCGAAAGTAAA
TTTGCCCTAAGGACCCCTGAAGACACAGCTGAGGACACTTGCCACCTCATTCCCGGAGTA
GCAGAGTCCGTGGCTACCTGTCATTTCAATCACAGCAGCAAAACCTTCATGGTGATCCAT
GGCTGGACGGTAACAGGAATGTATGAGAGTTGGGTGCCAAAACTTGTGGCCGCCCTGTAC
AAGAGAGAACCAGACTCCAATGTCATTGTGGTGGACTGGCTGTCACGGGCTCAGGAGCAT
TACCCAGTGTCCGCGGGCTACACCAAACTGGTGGGACAGGATGTGGCCCGGTTTATCAAC
TGGATGGAGGAGGAGTTTAACTACCCTCTGGACAATGTCCATCTCTTGGGATACAGCCTT
GGAGCCCATGCTGCTGGCATTGCAGGAAGTCTGACCAATAAGAAAGTCAACAGAATTACT
GGCCTCGATCCAGCTGGACCTAACTTTGAGTATGCAGAAGCCCCGAGTCGTCTTTCTCCT
GATGATGCAGATTTTGTAGACGTCTTACACACATTCACCAGAGGGTCCCCTGGTCGAAGC
ATTGGAATCCAGAAACCAGTTGGGCATGTTGACATTTACCCGAATGGAGGTACTTTTCAG
CCAGGATGTAACATTGGAGAAGCTATCCGCGTGATTGCAGAGAGAGGACTTGGAGATGTG
GACCAGCTAGTGAAGTGCTCCCACGAGCGCTCCATTCATCTCTTCATCGACTCTCTGTTG
AATGAAGAAAATCCAAGTAAGGCCTACAGGTGCAGTTCCAAGGAAGCCTTTGAGAAAGGG
CTCTGCTTGAGTTGTAGAAAGAACCGCTGCAACAATCTGGGCTATGAGATCAATAAAGTC
AGAGCCAAAAGAAGCAGCAAAATGTACCTGAAGACTCGTTCTCAGATGCCCTACAAAGTC
TTCCATTACCAAGTAAAGATTCATTTTTCTGGGACTGAGAGTGAAACCCATACCAATCAG
GCCTTTGAGATTTCTCTGTATGGCACCGTGGCCGAGAGTGAGAACATCCCATTCACTCTG
CCTGAAGTTTCCACAAATAAGACCTACTCCTTCCTAATTTACACAGAGGTAGATATTGGA
GAACTACTCATGTTGAAGCTCAAATGGAAGAGTGATTCATACTTTAGCTGGTCAGACTGG
TGGAGCAGTCCCGGCTTCGCCATTCAGAAGATCAGAGTAAAAGCAGGAGAGACTCAGAAA
AAGGTGATCTTCTGTTCTAGGGAGAAAGTGTCTCATTTGCAGAAAGGAAAGGCACCTGCG
GTATTTGTGAAATGCCATGACAAGTCTCTGAATAAGAAGTCAGGCTGA

1. Wion KL, Kirchgessner TG, Lusis AJ, Schotz MC, Lawn RM: Human lipoprotein lipase complementary DNA sequence. Science. 1987 Mar 27;235(4796):1638-41. [PubMed ]
2. Gotoda T, Senda M, Gamou T, Furuichi Y, Oka K: Nucleotide sequence of human cDNA coding for a lipoprotein lipase (LPL) cloned from placental cDNA library. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Mar 25;17(6):2351. [PubMed ]
3. Takagi A, Ikeda Y, Yamamoto A: DNA sequence of lipoprotein lipase cDNA cloned from human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Nov 11;18(21):6436. [PubMed ]
4. Chuat JC, Raisonnier A, Etienne J, Galibert F: The lipoprotein lipase-encoding human gene: sequence from intron-6 to intron-9 and presence in intron-7 of a 40-million-year-old Alu sequence. Gene. 1992 Jan 15;110(2):257-61. [PubMed ]
5. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Enerback S, Ohlsson BG, Samuelsson L, Bjursell G: Characterization of the human lipoprotein lipase (LPL) promoter: evidence of two cis-regulatory regions, LP-alpha and LP-beta, of importance for the differentiation-linked induction of the LPL gene during adipogenesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Oct;12(10):4622-33. [PubMed ]
8. Zechner R: Rapid and simple isolation procedure for lipoprotein lipase from human milk. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990 May 1;1044(1):20-5. [PubMed ]
9. Lutz EP, Merkel M, Kako Y, Melford K, Radner H, Breslow JL, Bensadoun A, Goldberg IJ: Heparin-binding defective lipoprotein lipase is unstable and causes abnormalities in lipid delivery to tissues. J Clin Invest. 2001 May;107(9):1183-92. [PubMed ]
10. Gin P, Beigneux AP, Davies B, Young MF, Ryan RO, Bensadoun A, Fong LG, Young SG: Normal binding of lipoprotein lipase, chylomicrons, and apo-AV to GPIHBP1 containing a G56R amino acid substitution. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Dec;1771(12):1464-8. Epub 2007 Oct 22. [PubMed ]
11. Picariello G, Ferranti P, Mamone G, Roepstorff P, Addeo F: Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human milk by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Proteomics. 2008 Sep;8(18):3833-47. [PubMed ]
12. van Tilbeurgh H, Roussel A, Lalouel JM, Cambillau C: Lipoprotein lipase. Molecular model based on the pancreatic lipase x-ray structure: consequences for heparin binding and catalysis. J Biol Chem. 1994 Feb 11;269(6):4626-33. [PubMed ]
13. Hata A, Emi M, Luc G, Basdevant A, Gambert P, Iverius PH, Lalouel JM: Compound heterozygote for lipoprotein lipase deficiency: Ser----Thr244 and transition in 3' splice site of intron 2 (AG----AA) in the lipoprotein lipase gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1990 Oct;47(4):721-6. [PubMed ]
14. Emi M, Wilson DE, Iverius PH, Wu L, Hata A, Hegele R, Williams RR, Lalouel JM: Missense mutation (Gly----Glu188) of human lipoprotein lipase imparting functional deficiency. J Biol Chem. 1990 Apr 5;265(10):5910-6. [PubMed ]
15. Monsalve MV, Henderson H, Roederer G, Julien P, Deeb S, Kastelein JJ, Peritz L, Devlin R, Bruin T, Murthy MR, et al.: A missense mutation at codon 188 of the human lipoprotein lipase gene is a frequent cause of lipoprotein lipase deficiency in persons of different ancestries. J Clin Invest. 1990 Sep;86(3):728-34. [PubMed ]
16. Beg OU, Meng MS, Skarlatos SI, Previato L, Brunzell JD, Brewer HB Jr, Fojo SS: Lipoprotein lipaseBethesda: a single amino acid substitution (Ala-176----Thr) leads to abnormal heparin binding and loss of enzymic activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 May;87(9):3474-8. [PubMed ]
17. Dichek HL, Fojo SS, Beg OU, Skarlatos SI, Brunzell JD, Cutler GB Jr, Brewer HB Jr: Identification of two separate allelic mutations in the lipoprotein lipase gene of a patient with the familial hyperchylomicronemia syndrome. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jan 5;266(1):473-7. [PubMed ]
18. Faustinella F, Chang A, Van Biervliet JP, Rosseneu M, Vinaimont N, Smith LC, Chen SH, Chan L: Catalytic triad residue mutation (Asp156----Gly) causing familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency. Co-inheritance with a nonsense mutation (Ser447----Ter) in a Turkish family. J Biol Chem. 1991 Aug 5;266(22):14418-24. [PubMed ]
19. Ameis D, Kobayashi J, Davis RC, Ben-Zeev O, Malloy MJ, Kane JP, Lee G, Wong H, Havel RJ, Schotz MC: Familial chylomicronemia (type I hyperlipoproteinemia) due to a single missense mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene. J Clin Invest. 1991 Apr;87(4):1165-70. [PubMed ]
20. Henderson HE, Ma Y, Hassan MF, Monsalve MV, Marais AD, Winkler F, Gubernator K, Peterson J, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR: Amino acid substitution (Ile194----Thr) in exon 5 of the lipoprotein lipase gene causes lipoprotein lipase deficiency in three unrelated probands. Support for a multicentric origin. J Clin Invest. 1991 Jun;87(6):2005-11. [PubMed ]
21. Gotoda T, Yamada N, Kawamura M, Kozaki K, Mori N, Ishibashi S, Shimano H, Takaku F, Yazaki Y, Furuichi Y, et al.: Heterogeneous mutations in the human lipoprotein lipase gene in patients with familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1991 Dec;88(6):1856-64. [PubMed ]
22. Ma Y, Henderson HE, Murthy V, Roederer G, Monsalve MV, Clarke LA, Normand T, Julien P, Gagne C, Lambert M, et al.: A mutation in the human lipoprotein lipase gene as the most common cause of familial chylomicronemia in French Canadians. N Engl J Med. 1991 Jun 20;324(25):1761-6. [PubMed ]
23. Ishimura-Oka K, Faustinella F, Kihara S, Smith LC, Oka K, Chan L: A missense mutation (Trp86----Arg) in exon 3 of the lipoprotein lipase gene: a cause of familial chylomicronemia. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Jun;50(6):1275-80. [PubMed ]
24. Bruin T, Kastelein JJ, Van Diermen DE, Ma Y, Henderson HE, Stuyt PM, Stalenhoef AF, Sturk A, Brunzell JD, Hayden MR: A missense mutation Pro157 Arg in lipoprotein lipase (LPLNijmegen) resulting in loss of catalytic activity. Eur J Biochem. 1992 Sep 1;208(2):267-72. [PubMed ]
25. Ma Y, Wilson BI, Bijvoet S, Henderson HE, Cramb E, Roederer G, Ven Murthy MR, Julien P, Bakker HD, Kastelein JJ, et al.: A missense mutation (Asp250----Asn) in exon 6 of the human lipoprotein lipase gene causes chylomicronemia in patients of different ancestries. Genomics. 1992 Jul;13(3):649-53. [PubMed ]
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1. Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase
2. ACAT
3. Brain carboxylesterase hBr1
4. Cocaine carboxylesterase
5. Egasyn
6. HMSE
7. Monocyte/macrophage serine esterase
8. Retinyl ester hydrolase
9. REH
10. Serine esterase 1
11. Triacylglycerol hydrolase
12. TGH

MWLRAFILATLSASAAWGHPSSPPVVDTVHGKVLGKFVSLEGFAQPVAIFLGIPFAKPPL
GPLRFTPPQPAEPWSFVKNATSYPPMCTQDPKAGQLLSELFTNRKENIPLKLSEDCLYLN
IYTPADLTKKNRLPVMVWIHGGGLMVGAASTYDGLALAAHENVVVVTIQYRLGIWGFFST
GDEHSRGNWGHLDQVAALRWVQDNIASFGGNPGSVTIFGESAGGESVSVLVLSPLAKNLF
HRAISESGVALTSVLVKKGDVKPLAEQIAITAGCKTTTSAVMVHCLRQKTEEELLETTLK
MKFLSLDLQGDPRESQPLLGTVIDGMLLLKTPEELQAERNFHTVPYMVGINKQEFGWLIP
MQLMSYPLSEGQLDQKTAMSLLWKSYPLVCIAKELIPEATEKYLGGTDDTVKKKDLFLDL
IADVMFGVPSVIVARNHRDAGAPTYMYEFQYRPSFSSDMKPKTVIGDHGDELFSVFGAPF
LKEGASEEEIRLSKMVMKFWANFARNGNPNGEGLPHWPEYNQKEGYLQIGANTQAAQKLK
DKEVAFWTNLFAKKAVEKPPQTEHIEL

• Alkaloid biosynthesis II (map00960 )

• a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate [RN:R00630]

• COesterase (PF00135 )

• 1-17

• None

ATGTGGCTCCGTGCCTTTATCCTGGCCACTCTCTCTGCTTCCGCGGCTTGGGGGCATCCG
TCCTCGCCACCTGTGGTGGACACCGTGCATGGCAAAGTGCTGGGGAAGTTCGTCAGCTTA
GAAGGATTTGCACAGCCTGTGGCCATTTTCCTGGGAATCCCTTTTGCCAAGCCGCCTCTT
GGACCCCTGAGGTTTACTCCACCGCAGCCTGCAGAACCATGGAGCTTTGTGAAGAATGCC
ACCTCGTACCCTCCTATGTGCACCCAAGATCCCAAGGCGGGGCAGTTACTCTCAGAGCTA
TTTACAAACCGAAAGGAGAACATTCCTCTCAAGCTTTCTGAAGACTGTCTTTACCTCAAT
ATTTACACTCCTGCTGACTTGACCAAGAAAAACAGGCTGCCGGTGATGGTGTGGATCCAC
GGAGGGGGGCTGATGGTGGGTGCGGCATCAACCTATGATGGGCTGGCCCTTGCTGCCCAT
GAAAACGTGGTGGTGGTGACCATTCAATATCGCCTGGGCATCTGGGGATTCTTCAGCACA
GGGGATGAACACAGCCGGGGGAACTGGGGTCACCTGGACCAGGTGGCTGCCCTGCGCTGG
GTCCAGGACAACATTGCCAGCTTTGGAGGGAACCCAGGCTCTGTGACCATCTTTGGAGAG
TCAGCGGGAGGAGAAAGTGTCTCTGTTCTTGTTTTGTCTCCATTGGCCAAGAACCTCTTC
CACCGGGCCATTTCTGAGAGTGGCGTGGCCCTCACTTCTGTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGGTGAT
GTCAAGCCCTTGGCTGAGCAAATTGCTATCACTGCTGGGTGCAAAACCACCACCTCTGCT
GTCATGGTTCACTGCCTGCGACAGAAGACGGAAGAGGAGCTCTTGGAGACGACATTGAAA
ATGAAATTCTTATCTCTGGACTTACAGGGAGACCCCAGAGAGAGTCAACCCCTTCTGGGC
ACTGTGATTGATGGGATGCTGCTGCTGAAAACACCTGAAGAGCTTCAAGCTGAAAGGAAT
TTCCACACTGTCCCCTACATGGTCGGAATTAACAAGCAGGAGTTTGGCTGGTTGATTCCA
ATGCAGTTGATGAGCTATCCACTCTCCGAAGGGCAACTGGACCAGAAGACAGCCATGTCA
CTCCTGTGGAAGTCCTATCCCCTTGTTTGCATTGCTAAGGAACTGATTCCAGAAGCCACT
GAGAAATACTTAGGAGGAACAGACGACACTGTCAAAAAGAAAGACCTGTTCCTGGACTTG
ATAGCAGATGTGATGTTTGGTGTCCCATCTGTGATTGTGGCCCGGAACCACAGAGATGCT
GGAGCACCCACCTACATGTATGAGTTTCAGTACCGTCCAAGCTTCTCATCAGACATGAAA
CCCAAGACGGTGATAGGAGACCACGGGGATGAGCTCTTCTCCGTCTTTGGGGCCCCATTT
TTAAAAGAGGGTGCCTCAGAAGAGGAGATCAGACTTAGCAAGATGGTGATGAAATTCTGG
GCCAACTTTGCTCGCAATGGAAACCCCAATGGGGAAGGGCTGCCCCACTGGCCAGAGTAC
AACCAGAAGGAAGGGTATCTGCAGATTGGTGCCAACACCCAGGCGGCCCAGAAGCTGAAG
GACAAAGAAGTAGCTTTCTGGACCAACCTCTTTGCCAAGAAGGCAGTGGAGAAGCCACCC
CAGACAGAACACATAGAGCTGTGA

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15. Alam M, Vance DE, Lehner R: Structure-function analysis of human triacylglycerol hydrolase by site-directed mutagenesis: identification of the catalytic triad and a glycosylation site. Biochemistry. 2002 May 28;41(21):6679-87. [PubMed ]
16. Long RM, Calabrese MR, Martin BM, Pohl LR: Cloning and sequencing of a human liver carboxylesterase isoenzyme. Life Sci. 1991;48(11):PL43-9. [PubMed ]
17. Zschunke F, Salmassi A, Kreipe H, Buck F, Parwaresch MR, Radzun HJ: cDNA cloning and characterization of human monocyte/macrophage serine esterase-1. Blood. 1991 Jul 15;78(2):506-12. [PubMed ]
18. Riddles PW, Richards LJ, Bowles MR, Pond SM: Cloning and analysis of a cDNA encoding a human liver carboxylesterase. Gene. 1991 Dec 15;108(2):289-92. [PubMed ]
19. Zhu HJ, Patrick KS, Yuan HJ, Wang JS, Donovan JL, DeVane CL, Malcolm R, Johnson JA, Youngblood GL, Sweet DH, Langaee TY, Markowitz JS: Two CES1 gene mutations lead to dysfunctional carboxylesterase 1 activity in man: clinical significance and molecular basis. Am J Hum Genet. 2008 Jun;82(6):1241-8. Epub 2008 May 15. [PubMed ]
20. Bencharit S, Morton CL, Hyatt JL, Kuhn P, Danks MK, Potter PM, Redinbo MR: Crystal structure of human carboxylesterase 1 complexed with the Alzheimer's drug tacrine: from binding promiscuity to selective inhibition. Chem Biol. 2003 Apr;10(4):341-9. [PubMed ]
21. Bencharit S, Morton CL, Xue Y, Potter PM, Redinbo MR: Structural basis of heroin and cocaine metabolism by a promiscuous human drug-processing enzyme. Nat Struct Biol. 2003 May;10(5):349-56. [PubMed ]

1. CE-2
2. hCE-2

MRLHRLRARLSAVACGLLLLLVRGQGQDSASPIRTTHTGQVLGSLVHVKGANAGVQTFLG
IPFAKPPLGPLRFAPPEPPESWSGVRDGTTHPAMCLQDLTAVESEFLSQFNMTFPSDSMS
EDCLYLSIYTPAHSHEGSNLPVMVWIHGGALVFGMASLYDGSMLAALENVVVVIIQYRLG
VLGFFSTGDKHATGNWGYLDQVAALRWVQQNIAHFGGNPDRVTIFGESAGGTSVSSLVVS
PISQGLFHGAIMESGVALLPGLIASSADVISTVVANLSACDQVDSEALVGCLRGKSKEEI
LAINKPFKMIPGVVDGVFLPRHPQELLASADFQPVPSIVGVNNNEFGWLIPKVMRIYDTQ
KEMDREASQAALQKMLTLLMLPPTFGDLLREEYIGDNGDPQTLQAQFQEMMADSMFVIPA
LQVAHFQCSRAPVYFYEFQHQPSWLKNIRPPHMKADHGDELPFVFRSFFGGNYIKFTEEE
EQLSRKMMKYWANFARNGNPNGEGLPHWPLFDQEEQYLQLNLQPAVGRALKAHRLQFWKK
ALPQKIQELEEPEERHTEL

• Alkaloid biosynthesis II (map00960 )

• a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate [RN:R00630]

• COesterase (PF00135 )

• 1-26

• None

ATGCGGCTGCACAGACTTCGTGCGCGGCTGAGCGCGGTGGCCTGTGGGCTTCTGCTGCTT
CTTGTCCGGGGCCAGGGCCAGGACTCAGCCAGTCCCATCCGGACCACACACACGGGGCAG
GTGCTGGGGAGTCTTGTCCATGTGAAGGGCGCCAATGCCGGGGTCCAAACCTTCCTGGGA
ATTCCATTTGCCAAGCCACCTCTAGGTCCGCTGCGATTTGCACCCCCTGAGCCCCCTGAA
TCTTGGAGTGGTGTGAGGGATGGAACCACCCATCCGGCCATGTGTCTACAGGACCTCACC
GCAGTGGAGTCAGAGTTTCTTAGCCAGTTCAACATGACCTTCCCTTCCGACTCCATGTCT
GAGGACTGCCTGTACCTCAGCATCTACACGCCGGCCCATAGCCATGAAGGCTCTAACCTG
CCGGTGATGGTGTGGATCCACGGTGGTGCGCTTGTTTTTGGCATGGCTTCCTTGTATGAT
GGTTCCATGCTGGCTGCCTTGGAGAACGTGGTGGTGGTCATCATCCAGTACCGCCTGGGT
GTCCTGGGCTTCTTCAGCACTGGAGACAAGCACGCAACCGGCAACTGGGGCTACCTGGAC
CAAGTGGCTGCACTACGCTGGGTCCAGCAGAATATCGCCCACTTTGGAGGCAACCCTGAC
CGTGTCACCATTTTTGGCGAGTCTGCGGGTGGCACGAGTGTGTCTTCGCTTGTTGTGTCC
CCCATATCCCAAGGACTCTTCCACGGAGCCATCATGGAGAGTGGCGTGGCCCTCCTGCCC
GGCCTCATTGCCAGCTCAGCTGATGTCATCTCCACGGTGGTGGCCAACCTGTCTGCCTGT
GACCAAGTTGACTCTGAGGCCCTGGTGGGCTGCCTGCGGGGCAAGAGTAAAGAGGAGATT
CTTGCAATTAACAAGCCTTTCAAGATGATCCCCGGAGTGGTGGATGGGGTCTTCCTGCCC
AGGCACCCCCAGGAGCTGCTGGCCTCTGCCGACTTTCAGCCTGTCCCTAGCATTGTTGGT
GTCAACAACAATGAATTCGGCTGGCTCATCCCCAAGGTCATGAGGATCTATGATACCCAG
AAGGAAATGGACAGAGAGGCCTCCCAGGCTGCTCTGCAGAAAATGTTAACGCTGCTGATG
TTGCCTCCTACATTTGGTGACCTGCTGAGGGAGGAGTACATTGGGGACAATGGGGATCCC
CAGACCCTCCAAGCGCAGTTCCAGGAGATGATGGCGGACTCCATGTTTGTGATCCCTGCA
CTCCAAGTAGCACATTTTCAGTGTTCCCGGGCCCCTGTGTACTTCTACGAGTTCCAGCAT
CAGCCCAGCTGGCTCAAGAACATCAGGCCACCGCACATGAAGGCAGACCATGGTGATGAG
CTTCCTTTTGTTTTCAGAAGTTTCTTTGGGGGCAACTACATTAAATTCACTGAGGAAGAG
GAGCAGCTAAGCAGGAAGATGATGAAGTACTGGGCCAACTTTGCGAGAAATGGGAACCCC
AATGGCGAGGGTCTGCCACACTGGCCGCTGTTCGACCAGGAGGAGCAATACCTGCAGCTG
AACCTACAGCCTGCGGTGGGCCGGGCTCTGAAGGCCCACAGGCTCCAGTTCTGGAAGAAG
GCGCTGCCCCAAAAGATCCAGGAGCTCGAGGAGCCTGAAGAGAGACACACAGAGCTGTAG

1. Schwer H, Langmann T, Daig R, Becker A, Aslanidis C, Schmitz G: Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel putative carboxylesterase, present in human intestine and liver. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Apr 7;233(1):117-20. [PubMed ]
2. Pindel EV, Kedishvili NY, Abraham TL, Brzezinski MR, Zhang J, Dean RA, Bosron WF: Purification and cloning of a broad substrate specificity human liver carboxylesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of cocaine and heroin. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jun 6;272(23):14769-75. [PubMed ]
3. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed ]
4. Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, Xie G, Hellsten U, Chan YM, Altherr M, Couronne O, Aerts A, Bajorek E, Black S, Blumer H, Branscomb E, Brown NC, Bruno WJ, Buckingham JM, Callen DF, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Campbell EW, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chasteen LA, Chertkov O, Chi HC, Christensen M, Clark LM, Cohn JD, Denys M, Detter JC, Dickson M, Dimitrijevic-Bussod M, Escobar J, Fawcett JJ, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Goodwin LA, Grady DL, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Hildebrand CE, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Jewett PB, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Krawczyk MC, Leyba T, Longmire JL, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Ludeman T, Manohar CF, Mark GA, McMurray KL, Meincke LJ, Morgan J, Moyzis RK, Mundt MO, Munk AC, Nandkeshwar RD, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Parson-Quintana B, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Ricke DO, Robinson DL, Rodriguez A, Salamov A, Saunders EH, Scott D, Shough T, Stallings RL, Stalvey M, Sutherland RD, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Torney DC, Tran-Gyamfi M, Tsai M, Ulanovsky LE, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, White PS, Williams AL, Wills PL, Wu JR, Wu K, Yang J, Dejong P, Bruce D, Doggett NA, Deaven L, Schmutz J, Grimwood J, Richardson P, Rokhsar DS, Eichler EE, Gilna P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Pennacchio LA: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16. Nature. 2004 Dec 23;432(7020):988-94. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. [PubMed ]
7. Saito S, Iida A, Sekine A, Kawauchi S, Higuchi S, Ogawa C, Nakamura Y: Catalog of 680 variations among eight cytochrome p450 ( CYP) genes, nine esterase genes, and two other genes in the Japanese population. J Hum Genet. 2003;48(5):249-70. Epub 2003 Apr 29. [PubMed ]
8. Kim SR, Nakamura T, Saito Y, Sai K, Nakajima T, Saito H, Shirao K, Minami H, Ohtsu A, Yoshida T, Saijo N, Ozawa S, Sawada J: Twelve novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CES2 gene encoding human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE-2). Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2003;18(5):327-32. [PubMed ]

1. Acylcholine acylhydrolase
2. Butyrylcholine esterase
3. Choline esterase II
4. Pseudocholinesterase

MHSKVTIICIRFLFWFLLLCMLIGKSHTEDDIIIATKNGKVRGMNLTVFGGTVTAFLGIP
YAQPPLGRLRFKKPQSLTKWSDIWNATKYANSCCQNIDQSFPGFHGSEMWNPNTDLSEDC
LYLNVWIPAPKPKNATVLIWIYGGGFQTGTSSLHVYDGKFLARVERVIVVSMNYRVGALG
FLALPGNPEAPGNMGLFDQQLALQWVQKNIAAFGGNPKSVTLFGESAGAASVSLHLLSPG
SHSLFTRAILQSGSFNAPWAVTSLYEARNRTLNLAKLTGCSRENETEIIKCLRNKDPQEI
LLNEAFVVPYGTPLSVNFGPTVDGDFLTDMPDILLELGQFKKTQILVGVNKDEGTAFLVY
GAPGFSKDNNSIITRKEFQEGLKIFFPGVSEFGKESILFHYTDWVDDQRPENYREALGDV
VGDYNFICPALEFTKKFSEWGNNAFFYYFEHRSSKLPWPEWMGVMHGYEIEFVFGLPLER
RDNYTKAEEILSRSIVKRWANFAKYGNPNETQNNSTSWPVFKSTEQKYLTLNTESTRIMT
KLRAQQCRFWTSFFPKVLEMTGNIDEAEWEWKAGFHRWNNYMMDWKNQFNDYTSKKESCV
GL

• an acylcholine + H2O = choline + a carboxylate [RN:R01029]

• AChE_tetra (PF08674 )
• COesterase (PF00135 )

• 1-28

• None

ATGCATAGCAAAGTCACAATCATATGCATCAGATTTCTCTTTTGGTTTCTTTTGCTCTGC
ATGCTTATTGGGAAGTCACATACTGAAGATGACATCATAATTGCAACAAAGAATGGAAAA
GTCAGAGGGATGAACTTGACAGTTTTTGGTGGCACGGTAACAGCCTTTCTTGGAATTCCC
TATGCACAGCCACCTCTTGGTAGACTTCGATTCAAAAAGCCACAGTCTCTGACCAAGTGG
TCTGATATTTGGAATGCCACAAAATATGCAAATTCTTGCTGTCAGAACATAGATCAAAGT
TTTCCAGGCTTCCATGGATCAGAGATGTGGAACCCAAACACTGACCTCAGTGAAGACTGT
TTATATCTAAATGTATGGATTCCAGCACCTAAACCAAAAAATGCCACTGTATTGATATGG
ATTTATGGTGGTGGTTTTCAAACTGGAACATCATCTTTACATGTTTATGATGGCAAGTTT
CTGGCTCGGGTTGAAAGAGTTATTGTAGTGTCAATGAACTATAGGGTGGGTGCCCTAGGA
TTCTTAGCTTTGCCAGGAAATCCTGAGGCTCCAGGGAACATGGGTTTATTTGATCAACAG
TTGGCTCTTCAGTGGGTTCAAAAAAATATAGCAGCCTTTGGTGGAAATCCTAAAAGTGTA
ACTCTCTTTGGAGAAAGTGCAGGAGCAGCTTCAGTTAGCCTGCATTTGCTTTCTCCTGGA
AGCCATTCATTGTTCACCAGAGCCATTCTGCAAAGTGGATCCTTTAATGCTCCTTGGGCG
GTAACATCTCTTTATGAAGCTAGGAACAGAACGTTGAACTTAGCTAAATTGACTGGTTGC
TCTAGAGAGAATGAGACTGAAATAATCAAGTGTCTTAGAAATAAAGATCCCCAAGAAATT
CTTCTGAATGAAGCATTTGTTGTCCCCTATGGGACTCCTTTGTCAGTAAACTTTGGTCCG
ACCGTGGATGGTGATTTTCTCACTGACATGCCAGACATATTACTTGAACTTGGACAATTT
AAAAAAACCCAGATTTTGGTGGGTGTTAATAAAGATGAAGGGACAGCTTTTTTAGTCTAT
GGTGCTCCTGGCTTCAGCAAAGATAACAATAGTATCATAACTAGAAAAGAATTTCAGGAA
GGTTTAAAAATATTTTTTCCAGGAGTGAGTGAGTTTGGAAAGGAATCCATCCTTTTTCAT
TACACAGACTGGGTAGATGATCAGAGACCTGAAAACTACCGTGAGGCCTTGGGTGATGTT
GTTGGGGATTATAATTTCATATGCCCTGCCTTGGAGTTCACCAAGAAGTTCTCAGAATGG
GGAAATAATGCCTTTTTCTACTATTTTGAACACCGATCCTCCAAACTTCCGTGGCCAGAA
TGGATGGGAGTGATGCATGGCTATGAAATTGAATTTGTCTTTGGTTTACCTCTGGAAAGA
AGAGATAATTACACAAAAGCCGAGGAAATTTTGAGTAGATCCATAGTGAAACGGTGGGCA
AATTTTGCAAAATATGGGAATCCAAATGAGACTCAGAACAATAGCACAAGCTGGCCTGTC
TTCAAAAGCACTGAACAAAAATATCTAACCTTGAATACAGAGTCAACAAGAATAATGACG
AAACTACGTGCTCAACAATGTCGATTCTGGACATCATTTTTTCCAAAAGTCTTGGAAATG
ACAGGAAATATTGATGAAGCAGAATGGGAGTGGAAAGCAGGATTCCATCGCTGGAACAAT
TACATGATGGACTGGAAAAATCAATTTAACGATTACACTAGCAAGAAAGAAAGTTGTGTG
GGTCTCTAA

1. Arpagaus M, Kott M, Vatsis KP, Bartels CF, La Du BN, Lockridge O: Structure of the gene for human butyrylcholinesterase. Evidence for a single copy. Biochemistry. 1990 Jan 9;29(1):124-31. [PubMed ]
2. Prody CA, Zevin-Sonkin D, Gnatt A, Goldberg O, Soreq H: Isolation and characterization of full-length cDNA clones coding for cholinesterase from fetal human tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(11):3555-9. [PubMed ]
3. McTiernan C, Adkins S, Chatonnet A, Vaughan TA, Bartels CF, Kott M, Rosenberry TL, La Du BN, Lockridge O: Brain cDNA clone for human cholinesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(19):6682-6. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Lockridge O, Bartels CF, Vaughan TA, Wong CK, Norton SE, Johnson LL: Complete amino acid sequence of human serum cholinesterase. J Biol Chem. 1987 Jan 15;262(2):549-57. [PubMed ]
7. Lockridge O, Adkins S, La Du BN: Location of disulfide bonds within the sequence of human serum cholinesterase. J Biol Chem. 1987 Sep 25;262(27):12945-52. [PubMed ]
8. Bunkenborg J, Pilch BJ, Podtelejnikov AV, Wisniewski JR: Screening for N-glycosylated proteins by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Proteomics. 2004 Feb;4(2):454-65. [PubMed ]
9. Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG 2nd, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;4(6):2070-80. [PubMed ]
10. Chilukuri N, Duysen EG, Parikh K, diTargiani R, Doctor BP, Lockridge O, Saxena A: Adenovirus-transduced human butyrylcholinesterase in mouse blood functions as a bioscavenger of chemical warfare nerve agents. Mol Pharmacol. 2009 Sep;76(3):612-7. Epub 2009 Jun 19. [PubMed ]
11. Chen R, Jiang X, Sun D, Han G, Wang F, Ye M, Wang L, Zou H: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry. J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb;8(2):651-61. [PubMed ]
12. Amitay M, Shurki A: The structure of G117H mutant of butyrylcholinesterase: nerve agents scavenger. Proteins. 2009 Nov 1;77(2):370-7. [PubMed ]
13. Nicolet Y, Lockridge O, Masson P, Fontecilla-Camps JC, Nachon F: Crystal structure of human butyrylcholinesterase and of its complexes with substrate and products. J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 17;278(42):41141-7. Epub 2003 Jul 17. [PubMed ]
14. Nachon F, Asojo OA, Borgstahl GE, Masson P, Lockridge O: Role of water in aging of human butyrylcholinesterase inhibited by echothiophate: the crystal structure suggests two alternative mechanisms of aging. Biochemistry. 2005 Feb 1;44(4):1154-62. [PubMed ]
15. Ngamelue MN, Homma K, Lockridge O, Asojo OA: Crystallization and X-ray structure of full-length recombinant human butyrylcholinesterase. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2007 Sep 1;63(Pt 9):723-7. Epub 2007 Aug 10. [PubMed ]
16. Frasco MF, Colletier JP, Weik M, Carvalho F, Guilhermino L, Stojan J, Fournier D: Mechanisms of cholinesterase inhibition by inorganic mercury. FEBS J. 2007 Apr;274(7):1849-61. Epub 2007 Mar 12. [PubMed ]
17. Carletti E, Li H, Li B, Ekstrom F, Nicolet Y, Loiodice M, Gillon E, Froment MT, Lockridge O, Schopfer LM, Masson P, Nachon F: Aging of cholinesterases phosphylated by tabun proceeds through O-dealkylation. J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Nov 26;130(47):16011-20. [PubMed ]
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19. McGuire MC, Nogueira CP, Bartels CF, Lightstone H, Hajra A, Van der Spek AF, Lockridge O, La Du BN: Identification of the structural mutation responsible for the dibucaine-resistant (atypical) variant form of human serum cholinesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(3):953-7. [PubMed ]
20. Bartels CF, James K, La Du BN: DNA mutations associated with the human butyrylcholinesterase J-variant. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 May;50(5):1104-14. [PubMed ]
21. Nogueira CP, Bartels CF, McGuire MC, Adkins S, Lubrano T, Rubinstein HM, Lightstone H, Van der Spek AF, Lockridge O, La Du BN: Identification of two different point mutations associated with the fluoride-resistant phenotype for human butyrylcholinesterase. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Oct;51(4):821-8. [PubMed ]
22. Hada T, Muratani K, Ohue T, Imanishi H, Moriwaki Y, Itoh M, Amuro Y, Higashino K: A variant serum cholinesterase and a confirmed point mutation at Gly-365 to Arg found in a patient with liver cirrhosis. Intern Med. 1992 Mar;31(3):357-62. [PubMed ]
23. Jensen FS, Bartels CF, La Du BN: Structural basis of the butyrylcholinesterase H-variant segregating in two Danish families. Pharmacogenetics. 1992 Oct;2(5):234-40. [PubMed ]
24. Maekawa M, Sudo K, Kanno T, Kotani K, Dey DC, Ishikawa J, Izumi M, Etoh K: Genetic basis of the silent phenotype of serum butyrylcholinesterase in three compound heterozygotes. Clin Chim Acta. 1995 Feb 28;235(1):41-57. [PubMed ]
25. Iida S, Kinoshita M, Fujii H, Moriyama Y, Nakamura Y, Yura N, Moriwaki K: Mutations of human butyrylcholinesterase gene in a family with hypocholinesterasemia. Hum Mutat. 1995;6(4):349-51. [PubMed ]
26. Primo-Parmo SL, Bartels CF, Wiersema B, van der Spek AF, Innis JW, La Du BN: Characterization of 12 silent alleles of the human butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Jan;58(1):52-64. [PubMed ]
27. Hidaka K, Iuchi I, Tomita M, Watanabe Y, Minatogawa Y, Iwasaki K, Gotoh K, Shimizu C: Genetic analysis of a Japanese patient with butyrylcholinesterase deficiency. Ann Hum Genet. 1997 Nov;61(Pt 6):491-6. [PubMed ]
28. Sudo K, Maekawa M, Akizuki S, Magara T, Ogasawara H, Tanaka T: Human butyrylcholinesterase L330I mutation belongs to a fluoride-resistant gene, by expression in human fetal kidney cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Nov 17;240(2):372-5. [PubMed ]
29. Maekawa M, Sudo K, Dey DC, Ishikawa J, Izumi M, Kotani K, Kanno T: Genetic mutations of butyrylcholine esterase identified from phenotypic abnormalities in Japan. Clin Chem. 1997 Jun;43(6 Pt 1):924-9. [PubMed ]
30. Primo-Parmo SL, Lightstone H, La Du BN: Characterization of an unstable variant (BChE115D) of human butyrylcholinesterase. Pharmacogenetics. 1997 Feb;7(1):27-34. [PubMed ]
31. Sakamoto N, Hidaka K, Fujisawa T, Maeda M, Iuchi I: Identification of a point mutation associated with a silent phenotype of human serum butyrylcholinesterase--a case of familial cholinesterasemia. Clin Chim Acta. 1998 Jun 22;274(2):159-66. [PubMed ]
32. Asanuma K, Yagihashi A, Uehara N, Kida T, Watanabe N: Three point mutations of human butyrylcholinesterase in a Japanese family and the alterations of three-dimensional structure. Clin Chim Acta. 1999 May;283(1-2):33-42. [PubMed ]
33. Boeck AT, Fry DL, Sastre A, Lockridge O: Naturally occurring mutation, Asp70his, in human butyrylcholinesterase. Ann Clin Biochem. 2002 Mar;39(Pt 2):154-6. [PubMed ]
34. Yen T, Nightingale BN, Burns JC, Sullivan DR, Stewart PM: Butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) genotyping for post-succinylcholine apnea in an Australian population. Clin Chem. 2003 Aug;49(8):1297-308. [PubMed ]
35. On-Kei Chan A, Lam CW, Tong SF, Man Tung C, Yung K, Chan YW, Au KM, Yuen YP, Hung CT, Ng KP, Shek CC: Novel mutations in the BCHE gene in patients with no butyrylcholinesterase activity. Clin Chim Acta. 2005 Jan;351(1-2):155-9. [PubMed ]
36. Manoharan I, Wieseler S, Layer PG, Lockridge O, Boopathy R: Naturally occurring mutation Leu307Pro of human butyrylcholinesterase in the Vysya community of India. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2006 Jul;16(7):461-8. [PubMed ]
37. Gatke MR, Bundgaard JR, Viby-Mogensen J: Two novel mutations in the BCHE gene in patients with prolonged duration of action of mivacurium or succinylcholine during anaesthesia. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2007 Nov;17(11):995-9. [PubMed ]

1. cPLA2-gamma
2. Phospholipase A2 group IVC

MGSSEVSIIPGLQKEEKAAVERRRLHVLKALKKLRIEADEAPVVAVLGSGGGLRAHIACL
GVLSEMKEQGLLDAVTYLAGVSGSTWAISSLYTNDGDMEALEADLKHRFTRQEWDLAKSL
QKTIQAARSENYSLTDFWAYMVISKQTRELPESHLSNMKKPVEEGTLPYPIFAAIDNDLQ
PSWQEARAPETWFEFTPHHAGFPALGAFVSITHFGSKFKKGRLVRTHPERDLTFLRGLWG
SALGNTEVIREYIFDQLRNLTLKGLWRRAVANAKSIGHLIFARLLRLQESSQGEHPPPED
EGGEPEHTWLTEMLENWTRTSLEKQEQPHEDPERKGSLSNLMDFVKKTGICASKWEWGTT
HNFLYKHGGIRDKIMSSRKHLHLVDAGLAINTPFPLVLPPTREVHLILSFDFSAGDPFET
IRATTDYCRRHKIPFPQVEEAELDLWSKAPASCYILKGETGPVVMHFPLFNIDACGGDIE
AWSDTYDTFKLADTYTLDVVVLLLALAKKNVRENKKKILRELMNVAGLYYPKDSARSCCL
A

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• PLA2_B (PF01735 )

• None

• None

ATGGGAAGCTCTGAAGTTTCCATAATTCCTGGGCTCCAGAAAGAAGAAAAGGCGGCCGTG
GAGAGACGAAGACTTCATGTGCTGAAAGCTCTGAAGAAGCTAAGGATTGAGGCTGATGAG
GCCCCAGTTGTTGCTGTGCTGGGCTCAGGCGGAGGACTGCGGGCTCACATTGCCTGCCTT
GGGGTCCTGAGTGAGATGAAAGAACAGGGCCTGTTGGATGCCGTCACGTACCTCGCAGGG
GTCTCTGGATCCACTTGGGCAATATCTTCTCTCTACACCAATGATGGTGACATGGAAGCT
CTCGAGGCTGACCTGAAACATCGATTTACCCGACAGGAGTGGGACTTGGCTAAGAGCCTA
CAGAAAACCATCCAAGCAGCGAGGTCTGAGAATTACTCTCTGACCGACTTCTGGGCCTAC
ATGGTTATCTCTAAGCAAACCAGAGAACTGCCGGAGTCTCATTTGTCCAATATGAAGAAG
CCCGTGGAAGAAGGGACACTACCCTACCCAATATTTGCAGCCATTGACAATGACCTGCAA
CCTTCCTGGCAGGAGGCAAGAGCACCAGAGACCTGGTTCGAGTTCACCCCTCACCACGCT
GGCTTCTCTGCACTGGGGGCCTTTGTTTCCATAACCCACTTCGGAAGCAAATTCAAGAAG
GGAAGACTGGTCAGAACTCACCCTGAGAGAGACCTGACTTTCCTGAGAGGTTTATGGGGA
AGTGCTCTTGGTAACACTGAAGTCATTAGGGAATACATTTTTGACCAGTTAAGGAATCTG
ACCCTGAAAGGTTTATGGAGAAGGGCTGTTGCTAATGCTAAAAGCATTGGACACCTTATT
TTTGCCCGATTACTGAGGCTGCAAGAAAGTTCACAAGGGGAACATCCTCCCCCAGAAGAT
GAAGGCGGTGAGCCTGAACACACCTGGCTGACTGAGATGCTCGAGAATTGGACCAGGACC
TCCCTGGAAAAGCAGGAGCAGCCCCATGAGGACCCCGAAAGGAAAGGCTCACTCAGTAAC
TTGATGGATTTTGTGAAGAAAACAGGCATTTGCGCTTCAAAGTGGGAATGGGGGACCACT
CACAACTTCCTGTACAAACACGGTGGCATCCGGGACAAGATAATGAGCAGCCGGAAGCAC
CTCCACCTGGTGGATGCTGGTTTAGCCATCAACACTCCCTTCCCACTCGTGCTGCCCCCG
ACGCGGGAGGTTCACCTCATCCTCTCCTTCGACTTCAGTGCCGGAGATCCTTTCGAGACC
ATCCGGGCTACCACTGACTACTGCCGCCGCCACAAGATCCCCTTTCCCCAAGTAGAAGAG
GCTGAGCTGGATTTGTGGTCCAAGGCCCCCGCCAGCTGCTACATCCTGAAAGGAGAAACT
GGACCAGTGGTGATGCATTTTCCCCTGTTCAACATAGATGCCTGTGGAGGTGATATTGAG
GCATGGAGTGACACATACGACACATTCAAGCTTGCTGACACCTACACTCTAGATGTGGTG
GTGCTACTCTTGGCATTAGCCAAGAAGAATGTCAGGGAAAACAAGAAGAAGATCCTTAGA
GAGTTGATGAACGTGGCCGGGCTCTACTACCCGAAGGATAGTGCCCGAAGTTGCTGCTTG
GCATAG

1. Underwood KW, Song C, Kriz RW, Chang XJ, Knopf JL, Lin LL: A novel calcium-independent phospholipase A2, cPLA2-gamma, that is prenylated and contains homology to cPLA2. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):21926-32. [PubMed ]
2. Pickard RT, Strifler BA, Kramer RM, Sharp JD: Molecular cloning of two new human paralogs of 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem. 1999 Mar 26;274(13):8823-31. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed ]
6. Jenkins CM, Han X, Yang J, Mancuso DJ, Sims HF, Muslin AJ, Gross RW: Purification of recombinant human cPLA2 gamma and identification of C-terminal farnesylation, proteolytic processing, and carboxymethylation by MALDI-TOF-TOF analysis. Biochemistry. 2003 Oct 14;42(40):11798-807. [PubMed ]
7. Zahedi RP, Lewandrowski U, Wiesner J, Wortelkamp S, Moebius J, Schutz C, Walter U, Gambaryan S, Sickmann A: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets. J Proteome Res. 2008 Feb;7(2):526-34. Epub 2007 Dec 19. [PubMed ]

1. HSL

MEPGSKSVSRSDWQPEPHQRPITPLEPGPEKTPIAQPESKTLQGSNTQQKPASNQRPLTQ
QETPAQHDAESQKEPRAQQKSASQEEFLAPQKPAPQQSPYIQRVLLTQQEAASQQGPGLG
KESITQQEPALRQRHVAQPGPGPGEPPPAQQEAESTPAAQAKPGAKREPSAPTESTSQET
PEQSDKQTTPVQGAKSKQGSLTELGFLTKLQELSIQRSALEWKALSEWVTDSESESDVGS
SSDTDSPATMGGMVAQGVKLGFKGKSGYKVMSGYSGTSPHEKTSARNHRHYQDTASRLIH
NMDLRTMTQSLVTLAEDNIAFFSSQGPGETAQRLSGVFAGVREQALGLEPALGRLLGVAH
LFDLDPETPANGYRSLVHTARCCLAHLLHKSRYVASNRRSIFFRTSHNLAELEAYLAALT
QLRALVYYAQRLLVTNRPGVLFFEGDEGLTADFLREYVTLHKGCFYGRCLGFQFTPAIRP
FLQTISIGLVSFGEHYKRNETGLSVAASSLFTSGRFAIDPELRGAEFERITQNLDVHFWK
AFWNITEMEVLSSLANMASATVRVSRLLSLPPEAFEMPLTADPTLTVTISPPLAHTGPGP
VLVRLISYDLREGQDSEELSSLIKSNGQRSLELWPRPQQAPRSRSLIVHFHGGGFVAQTS
RSHEPYLKSWAQELGAPIISIDYSLAPEAPFPRALEECFFAYCWAIKHCALLGSTGERIC
LAGDSAGGNLCFTVALRAAAYGVRVPDGIMAAYPATMLQPAASPSRLLSLMDPLLPLSVL
SKCVSAYAGAKTEDHSNSDQKALGMMGLVRRDTALLLRDFRLGASSWLNSFLELSGRKSQ
KMSEPIAEPMRRSVSEAALAQPQGPLGTDSLKNLTLRDLSLRGNSETSSDTPEMSLSAET
LSPSTPSDVNFLLPPEDAGEEAEAKNELSPMDRGLGVRAAFPEGFHPRRSSQGATQMPLY
SSPIVKNPFMSPLLAPDSMLKSLPPVHIVACALDPMLDDSVMLARRLRNLGQPVTLRVVE
DLPHGFLTLAALCRETRQAAELCVERIRLVLTPPAGAGPSGETGAAGVDGGCGGRH

• (1) diacylglycerol + H2O = monoacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R05209]
• (2) triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
• (3) monoacylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R07293]

• Abhydrolase_3 (PF07859 )
• HSL_N (PF06350 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGCCAGGTTCTAAGTCAGTGTCTAGGTCAGACTGGCAACCTGAACCACACCAGAGG
CCTATAACCCCGCTAGAGCCTGGGCCAGAAAAGACACCCATAGCCCAGCCAGAATCGAAG
ACTCTGCAGGGATCCAATACCCAACAGAAGCCTGCTTCAAACCAAAGACCCCTCACCCAG
CAGGAGACCCCTGCACAACATGATGCTGAATCCCAGAAGGAACCTAGAGCCCAACAAAAA
TCTGCTTCACAAGAGGAATTTCTTGCCCCACAGAAGCCCGCACCACAGCAATCACCTTAC
ATCCAAAGGGTGCTGCTCACTCAACAGGAAGCTGCCTCCCAGCAGGGACCTGGGCTAGGA
AAAGAATCTATAACTCAACAGGAGCCAGCATTGAGACAAAGACATGTAGCCCAGCCAGGG
CCTGGGCCAGGAGAGCCACCTCCAGCTCAACAAGAAGCTGAATCAACACCTGCGGCCCAG
GCTAAACCTGGAGCCAAAAGGGAGCCATCTGCCCCGACTGAATCTACGTCCCAAGAGACA
CCTGAACAGTCAGACAAGCAAACAACGCCAGTCCAGGGAGCCAAATCCAAGCAGGGATCT
TTGACAGAGCTGGGATTTCTAACAAAACTTCAGGAACTATCCATACAGCGATCAGCCCTA
GAGTGGAAGGCACTTTCTGAGTGGGTCACAGATTCTGAGTCAGAATCAGATGTGGGATCA
TCTTCAGACACAGATTCTCCAGCCACGATGGGTGGAATGGTGGCCCAGGGAGTGAAGCTA
GGCTTCAAAGGAAAATCTGGTTATAAAGTGATGTCAGGATACAGTGGGACGTCGCCACAT
GAGAAAACCAGTGCTCGGAATCACAGACACTACCAGGATACAGCCTCAAGGCTCATCCAC
AACATGGACCTGCGCACAATGACACAGTCGCTGGTGACTCTGGCGGAGGACAACATAGCC
TTCTTCTCGAGCCAGGGTCCTGGGGAAACGGCCCAGCGGCTGTCAGGCGTTTTTGCCGGT
GTACGGGAGCAGGCGCTGGGGCTGGAGCCGGCCCTGGGCCGCCTGCTGGGTGTGGCGCAC
CTCTTTGACCTGGACCCAGAGACACCGGCCAACGGGTACCGCAGCCTAGTGCACACAGCC
CGCTGCTGCCTGGCGCACCTCCTGCACAAATCCCGCTATGTGGCCTCCAACCGCCGCAGC
ATCTTCTTCCGCACCAGCCACAACCTGGCCGAGCTGGAGGCCTACCTGGCTGCCCTCACC
CAGCTCCGCGCTCTGGTCTACTACGCCCAGCGCCTGCTGGTTACCAATCGGCCGGGGGTA
CTCTTCTTTGAGGGCGACGAGGGGCTCACCGCCGACTTCCTCCGGGAGTATGTCACGCTG
CATAAGGGATGCTTCTATGGCCGCTGCCTGGGCTTCCAGTTCACGCCTGCCATCCGGCCA
TTCCTGCAGACCATCTACATTGGGCTGGTGTCCTTCGGGGAGCACTACAAACGCAACGAG
ACAGGCCTCAGTGTGGCCGCCAGCTCTCTCTTCACCAGCGGCCGCTTTGCCATCGACCCC
GAGCTGCGTGGGGCTGAGTTTGAGCGGATCACACAGAACCTGGACGTGCACTTCTGGAAA
GCCTTCTGGAACATCACCGAGATGGAAGTGCTATCGTCTCTGGCCAACATGGCATCGGCC
ACCGTGAGGGTAAGCCGCCTGCTCAGCCTGCCACCCGAAGCCTTTGAGATGCCACTGACT
GCCGACCCCACGCTCACGGTCACCATCTCACCCCCACTGGCCCACACAGGCCCTGGGCCC
GTCCTCGTCAGGCTCATCTCCTGTGACCTGCGTGAAGGACAGGACAGTGAGGAGCTCAGC
AGCCTGATAAAGTCCAACGGCCAACGGAGCCTGGAGCTGTGGCCGCGCCCCCAGCAGGCA
CCCCGCTCGCGGTCCCTGATAGTGCACTTCCACGGCGGTGGCTTTGTGGCCCAGACCTCC
AGATCCCACGAGCCCTACCTCAAGAGCTGGGCCCAGGAGCTGGGCGCCCCCATCATCTCC
ATCGACTACTCCCTGGCCCCTGAGGCCCCCTTCCCCCGTGCGCTGGAGGAGTGCTTCTTC
GCCTACTGCTGGGCCATCAAGCACTGCGCCCTCCTTGGCTCAACAGGGGAACGAATCTGC
CTTGCGGGGGACAGTGCAGGCGGGAACCTCTGCTTCACCGTGGCTCTTCGGGCAGCAGCC
TACGGGGTGCGGGTGCCAGATGGCATCATGGCAGCCTACCCGGCCACAATGCTGCAGCCT
GCCGCCTCTCCCTCCCGCCTGCTGAGCCTCATGGACCCCTTGCTGCCCCTCAGTGTGCTC
TCCAAGTGTGTCAGCGCCTATGCTGGTGCAAAGACGGAGGACCACTCCAACTCAGACCAG
AAAGCCCTCGGCATGATGGGGCTGGTGCGGCGGGACACAGCCCTGCTCCTCCGAGACTTC
CGCCTGGGTGCCTCCTCATGGCTCAACTCCTTCCTGGAGTTAAGTGGGCGCAAGTCCCAG
AAGATGTCGGAGCCCATAGCAGAGCCGATGCGCCGCAGTGTGTCTGAAGCAGCACTGGCC
CAGCCCCAGGGCCCACTGGGCACGGATTCCCTCAAGAACCTGACCCTGAGGGACTTGAGC
CTGAGGGGAAACTCCGAGACGTCGTCGGACACCCCCGAGATGTCGCTGTCAGCTGAGACA
CTTAGCCCCTCCACACCCTCCGATGTCAACTTCTTATTACCACCTGAGGATGCAGGGGAA
GAGGCTGAGGCCAAAAATGAGCTGAGCCCCATGGACAGAGGCCTGGGCGTCCGTGCCGCC
TTCCCCGAGGGTTTCCACCCCCGACGCTCCAGCCAGGGTGCCACACAGATGCCCCTCTAC
TCCTCACCCATAGTCAAGAACCCCTTCATGTCGCCGCTGCTGGCACCCGACAGCATGCTC
AAGAGCCTGCCACCTGTGCACATCGTGGCGTGCGCGCTGGACCCCATGCTGGACGACTCG
GTCATGCTCGCGCGGCGACTGCGCAACCTGGGCCAGCCGGTGACGCTGCGCGTGGTGGAG
GACCTGCCGCACGGCTTCCTGACCCTAGCGGCGCTGTGCCGCGAGACGCGCCAGGCCGCA
GAGCTGTGCGTGGAGCGCATCCGCCTCGTCCTCACTCCTCCCGCCGGAGCCGGGCCGAGC
GGGGAGACGGGGGCTGCGGGGGTAGACGGGGGCTGCGGGGGGCGACACTAA

1. Langin D, Laurell H, Holst LS, Belfrage P, Holm C: Gene organization and primary structure of human hormone-sensitive lipase: possible significance of a sequence homology with a lipase of Moraxella TA144, an antarctic bacterium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jun 1;90(11):4897-901. [PubMed ]
2. Holst LS, Langin D, Mulder H, Laurell H, Grober J, Bergh A, Mohrenweiser HW, Edgren G, Holm C: Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and expression of a testicular isoform of hormone-sensitive lipase. Genomics. 1996 Aug 1;35(3):441-7. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Aboulaich N, Ortegren U, Vener AV, Stralfors P: Association and insulin regulated translocation of hormone-sensitive lipase with PTRF. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Nov 24;350(3):657-61. Epub 2006 Sep 28. [PubMed ]
5. Ortegren U, Yin L, Ost A, Karlsson H, Nystrom FH, Stralfors P: Separation and characterization of caveolae subclasses in the plasma membrane of primary adipocytes; segregation of specific proteins and functions. FEBS J. 2006 Jul;273(14):3381-92. Epub 2006 Jun 26. [PubMed ]
6. Imami K, Sugiyama N, Kyono Y, Tomita M, Ishihama Y: Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column. Anal Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):161-6. [PubMed ]
7. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]

1. Group III secretory phospholipase A2
2. GIII sPLA2
3. sPLA2-III
4. Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 3

MGVQAGLFGMLGFLGVALGGSPALRWYRTSCHLTKAVPGNPLGYLSFLAKDAQGLALIHA
RWDAHRRLQACSWEDEPELTAAYGALCAHETAWGSFIHTPGPELQRALATLQSQWEACRA
LEESPAGARKKRAAGQSGVPGGGHQREKRGWTMPGTLWCGVGDSAGNSSELGVFQGPDLC
CREHDRCPQNISPLQYNYGIRNYRFHTISHCDCDTRFQQCLQNQHDSISDIVGVAFFNVL
EIPCFVLEEQEACVAWYWWGGCRMYGTVPLARLQPRTFYNASWSSRATSPTPSSRSPAPP
KPRQKQHLRKGPPHQKGSKRPSKANTTALQDPMVSPRLDVAPTGLQGPQGGLKPQGARWV
CRSFRRHLDQCEHQIGPREIEFQLLNSAQEPLFHCNCTRRLARFLRLHSPPEVTNMLWEL
LGTTCFKLAPPLDCVEGKNCSRDPRAIRVSARHLRRLQQRRHQLQDKGTDERQPWPSEPL
RGPMSFYNQCLQLTQAARRPDRQQKSWSQ

• Arachidonic acid metabolism (map00590 )
• Phospholipid Synthesis (map00564 )

• phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]

• Phospholip_A2_2 (PF05826 )

• 1-19

• None

ATGGGGGTTCAGGCAGGGCTGTTTGGGATGCTGGGCTTCCTGGGGGTGGCCCTGGGGGGC
TCCCCTGCCCTCCGCTGGTACAGGACCTCCTGCCACTTGACCAAGGCCGTCCCTGGCAAC
CCACTGGGGTACCTGAGCTTCCTGGCCAAGGATGCTCAGGGACTGGCCCTGATCCATGCC
CGCTGGGATGCGCATAGGAGGCTGCAGTCATGTAGCTGGGAGGATGAGCCGGAGCTCACC
GCAGCCTACGGTGCTCTCTGTGCTCATGAGACTGCCTGGGGCTCCTTCATCCACACCCCC
GGACCCGAGCTGCAGAGAGCACTGGCCACTCTTCAGAGTCAGTGGGAGGCATGCCGAGCG
CTTGAGGAGAGTCCAGCAGGGGCCAGGAAGAAGCGAGCAGCAGGGCAGAGTGGAGTCCCT
GGTGGAGGGCACCAGCGAGAGAAGAGAGGATGGACCATGCCTGGCACACTGTGGTGTGGA
GTTGGAGATTCTGCTGGGAACTCCTCGGAGCTGGGGGTCTTCCAGGGACCTGATCTCTGT
TGCCGGGAACATGACCGCTGCCCACAGAACATCTCACCCTTGCAGTACAACTATGGCATC
CGAAACTACCGATTCCACACCATCTCCCACTGTGACTGTGACACCAGGTTTCAGCAATGC
CTACAGAATCAGCACGACTCCATCTCGGACATCGTGGGCGTGGCCTTCTTCAACGTGCTG
GAGATCCCCTGCTTTGTGCTGGAGGAGCAGGAGGCGTGTGTGGCGTGGTACTGGTGGGGC
GGGTGTAGGATGTACGGCACAGTGCCCCTCGCTCGCCTGCAGCCCAGGACCTTCTACAAT
GCCTCCTGGAGCTCCCGGGCCACCTCCCCAACTCCCAGCTCCCGGAGCCCAGCCCCTCCC
AAGCCTCGACAGAAGCAGCACCTTCGGAAGGGGCCACCACATCAGAAAGGGTCCAAGCGC
CCCAGCAAAGCCAACACCACAGCCCTCCAGGACCCTATGGTCTCTCCCAGGCTTGATGTG
GCCCCCACAGGCCTCCAGGGCCCACAGGGTGGCCTAAAACCTCAGGGTGCCCGCTGGGTC
TGCCGCAGCTTCCGCCGCCACCTGGACCAGTGTGAGCACCAGATTGGGCCCCGGGAAATC
GAGTTCCAGCTGCTCAACAGCGCCCAAGAGCCCCTCTTCCACTGCAACTGCACGCGCCGT
CTGGCACGCTTCCTGAGGCTCCACAGCCCACCCGAGGTTACCAACATGCTTTGGGAGCTG
CTGGGCACAACCTGCTTCAAGCTGGCCCCTCCACTGGACTGTGTGGAAGGCAAAAACTGT
TCCAGAGACCCTAGGGCCATCAGGGTGTCAGCCCGGCACTTGCGGAGGCTTCAGCAGAGG
CGACACCAGCTCCAGGATAAAGGCACAGATGAGAGGCAGCCATGGCCTTCAGAGCCCCTG
AGAGGCCCCATGTCATTCTACAACCAGTGCCTGCAGCTAACCCAGGCAGCCAGGAGACCC
GACAGGCAGCAGAAGTCCTGGAGCCAGTGA

1. Valentin E, Ghomashchi F, Gelb MH, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G: Novel human secreted phospholipase A(2) with homology to the group III bee venom enzyme. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 17;275(11):7492-6. [PubMed ]
2. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Murakami M, Masuda S, Shimbara S, Bezzine S, Lazdunski M, Lambeau G, Gelb MH, Matsukura S, Kokubu F, Adachi M, Kudo I: Cellular arachidonate-releasing function of novel classes of secretory phospholipase A2s (groups III and XII). J Biol Chem. 2003 Mar 21;278(12):10657-67. Epub 2003 Jan 8. [PubMed ]
5. Murakami M, Masuda S, Shimbara S, Ishikawa Y, Ishii T, Kudo I: Cellular distribution, post-translational modification, and tumorigenic potential of human group III secreted phospholipase A(2). J Biol Chem. 2005 Jul 1;280(26):24987-98. Epub 2005 Apr 29. [PubMed ]
6. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]

1. BACAT
2. BAT
3. Glycine N-choloyltransferase
4. Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA hydrolase

MIQLTATPVSALVDEPVHIRATGLIPFQMVSFQASLEDENGDMFYSQAHYRANEFGEVDL
NHASSLGGDYMGVHPMGLFWSLKPEKLLTRLLKRDVMNRPFQVQVKLYDLELIVNNKVAS
APKASLTLERWYVAPGVTRIKVREGRLRGALFLPPGEGLFPGVIDLFGGLGGLLEFRASL
LASRGFASLALAYHNYEDLPRKPEVTDLEYFEEAANFLLRHPKVFGSGVGVVSVCQGVQI
GLSMAIYLKQVTATVLINGTNFPFGIPQVYHGQIHQPLPHSAQLISTNALGLLELYRTFE
TTQVGASQYLFPIEEAQGQFLFIVGEGDKTINSKAHAEQAIGQLKRHGKNNWTLLSYPGA
GHLIEPPYSPLCCASTTHDLRLHWGGEVIPHAAAQEHAWKEIQRFLRKHLIPDVTSQL

• Bile Acid Biosynthesis (map00120 )
• Taurine and Hypotaurine Metabolism (map00430 )

• palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate [RN:R01274]

• BAAT_C (PF08840 )
• Bile_Hydr_Trans (PF04775 )

• None

• None

ATGATCCAGTTGACAGCTACCCCTGTGAGTGCACTTGTTGATGAGCCAGTGCATATCCGA
GCTACAGGCCTGATTCCCTTTCAGATGGTGAGTTTTCAGGCATCACTGGAAGATGAAAAC
GGAGACATGTTTTATTCTCAAGCCCACTATAGGGCCAATGAATTCGGTGAGGTGGACCTG
AATCATGCTTCTTCACTTGGAGGGGATTATATGGGAGTCCACCCCATGGGTCTCTTCTGG
TCTCTGAAACCTGAAAAGCTATTAACAAGACTGTTGAAAAGAGATGTGATGAATAGGCCT
TTCCAGGTCCAAGTAAAACTTTATGACTTAGAGTTAATAGTGAACAATAAAGTTGCCAGT
GCTCCAAAGGCCAGCCTGACTTTGGAGAGGTGGTATGTGGCACCTGGTGTCACACGAATT
AAGGTTCGAGAAGGCCGCCTTCGAGGAGCTCTCTTTCTCCCTCCAGGAGAGGGTCTCTTC
CCAGGGGTAATTGATTTGTTTGGTGGTTTGGGTGGGCTGCTTGAATTTCGGGCCAGCCTC
CTAGCCAGTCGTGGCTTCGCCTCCTTGGCCTTGGCTTACCATAACTATGAAGACCTGCCC
CGCAAACCAGAAGTAACAGATTTGGAATATTTTGAGGAGGCTGCCAACTTTCTCCTGAGA
CATCCAAAGGTCTTTGGCTCAGGCGTTGGGGTAGTCTCTGTATGTCAAGGAGTACAGATT
GGACTATCTATGGCTATTTACCTAAAGCAAGTCACAGCCACGGTACTTATTAATGGGACC
AACTTTCCTTTTGGCATTCCACAGGTATATCATGGTCAGATCCATCAGCCCCTTCCCCAT
TCTGCACAATTAATATCCACCAATGCCTTGGGGTTACTAGAGCTCTATCGCACTTTTGAG
ACAACTCAAGTTGGGGCCAGTCAATATTTGTTTCCTATTGAAGAGGCCCAGGGGCAATTC
CTCTTCATTGTAGGAGAAGGTGATAAGACTATCAACAGCAAAGCACACGCTGAACAAGCC
ATAGGACAGCTGAAGAGACATGGGAAGAACAACTGGACCCTGCTATCTTACCCTGGGGCA
GGCCACCTGATAGAACCTCCCTATTCTCCTCTGTGCTGTGCCTCAACGACCCACGATTTG
AGGTTACACTGGGGAGGAGAGGTGATCCCACACGCAGCTGCACAGGAACATGCTTGGAAG
GAGATCCAGAGATTTCTCAGGAAGCACCTCATTCCAGATGTGACCAGTCAACTCTAA

1. Falany CN, Johnson MR, Barnes S, Diasio RB: Glycine and taurine conjugation of bile acids by a single enzyme. Molecular cloning and expression of human liver bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jul 29;269(30):19375-9. [PubMed ]
2. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Johnson MR, Barnes S, Kwakye JB, Diasio RB: Purification and characterization of bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase from human liver. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jun 5;266(16):10227-33. [PubMed ]
5. Sfakianos MK, Wilson L, Sakalian M, Falany CN, Barnes S: Conserved residues in the putative catalytic triad of human bile acid Coenzyme A:amino acid N-acyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 2002 Dec 6;277(49):47270-5. Epub 2002 Sep 17. [PubMed ]
6. O'Byrne J, Hunt MC, Rai DK, Saeki M, Alexson SE: The human bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase functions in the conjugation of fatty acids to glycine. J Biol Chem. 2003 Sep 5;278(36):34237-44. Epub 2003 Jun 16. [PubMed ]
7. Carlton VE, Harris BZ, Puffenberger EG, Batta AK, Knisely AS, Robinson DL, Strauss KA, Shneider BL, Lim WA, Salen G, Morton DH, Bull LN: Complex inheritance of familial hypercholanemia with associated mutations in TJP2 and BAAT. Nat Genet. 2003 May;34(1):91-6. [PubMed ]

1. Acylphosphatase, muscle type isozyme
2. Acylphosphate phosphohydrolase 2

MSTAQSLKSVDYEVFGRVQGVCFRMYTEDEARKIGVVGWVKNTSKGTVTGQVQGPEDKVN
SMKSWLSKVGSPSSRIDRTNFSNEKTISKLEYSNFSIRY

• Benzoate Degradation via CoA Ligation (map00632 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Pyruvate Metabolism (map00620 )

• an acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate [RN:R00539]

• Acylphosphatase (PF00708 )

• None

• None

ATGTCTACCGCCCAGTCACTCAAATCCGTGGACTACGAGGTGTTCGGAAGAGTGCAGGGT
GTTTGCTTCAGAATGTATACAGAAGATGAAGCTAGGAAAATAGGAGTGGTTGGCTGGGTG
AAGAATACCAGCAAAGGCACCGTGACAGGCCAAGTGCAGGGGCCAGAAGACAAAGTCAAT
TCCATGAAGTCCTGGCTGAGCAAGGTTGGAAGCCCTAGTTCTCGCATTGACCGCACAAAC
TTTTCTAATGAAAAAACCATCTCTAAGCTTGAATACTCTAATTTTAGTATTAGATACTAA

1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
2. Manao G, Camici G, Modesti A, Liguri G, Berti A, Stefani M, Cappugi G, Ramponi G: Human skeletal muscle acylphosphatase: the primary structure. Mol Biol Med. 1984 Dec;2(6):369-78. [PubMed ]
3. Chiarugi P, Raugei G, Marzocchini R, Fiaschi T, Ciccarelli C, Berti A, Ramponi G: Differential modulation of expression of the two acylphosphatase isoenzymes by thyroid hormone. Biochem J. 1995 Oct 15;311 ( Pt 2):567-73. [PubMed ]

1. Acylphosphatase, erythrocyte isozyme
2. Acylphosphatase, organ-common type isozyme
3. Acylphosphate phosphohydrolase 1

MAEGNTLISVDYEIFGKVQGVFFRKHTQAEGKKLGLVGWVQNTDRGTVQGQLQGPISKVR
HMQEWLETRGSPKSHIDKANFNNEKVILKLDYSDFQIVK

• Benzoate Degradation via CoA Ligation (map00632 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Pyruvate Metabolism (map00620 )

• an acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate [RN:R00539]

• Acylphosphatase (PF00708 )

• None

• None

ATGGCAGAAGGAAACACCCTGATATCAGTGGATTATGAAATTTTTGGGAAGGTGCAAGGG
GTGTTTTTCCGTAAGCATACTCAGGCTGAGGGTAAAAAGCTGGGATTGGTAGGCTGGGTC
CAGAACACTGACCGGGGCACAGTGCAAGGACAATTGCAAGGTCCCATCTCCAAGGTGCGT
CATATGCAGGAATGGCTTGAAACAAGAGGAAGTCCTAAATCACACATCGACAAAGCAAAC
TTCAACAATGAAAAAGTCATCTTGAAGTTGGATTACTCAGACTTCCAAATTGTAAAATAA

1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
2. Heilig R, Eckenberg R, Petit JL, Fonknechten N, Da Silva C, Cattolico L, Levy M, Barbe V, de Berardinis V, Ureta-Vidal A, Pelletier E, Vico V, Anthouard V, Rowen L, Madan A, Qin S, Sun H, Du H, Pepin K, Artiguenave F, Robert C, Cruaud C, Bruls T, Jaillon O, Friedlander L, Samson G, Brottier P, Cure S, Segurens B, Aniere F, Samain S, Crespeau H, Abbasi N, Aiach N, Boscus D, Dickhoff R, Dors M, Dubois I, Friedman C, Gouyvenoux M, James R, Madan A, Mairey-Estrada B, Mangenot S, Martins N, Menard M, Oztas S, Ratcliffe A, Shaffer T, Trask B, Vacherie B, Bellemere C, Belser C, Besnard-Gonnet M, Bartol-Mavel D, Boutard M, Briez-Silla S, Combette S, Dufosse-Laurent V, Ferron C, Lechaplais C, Louesse C, Muselet D, Magdelenat G, Pateau E, Petit E, Sirvain-Trukniewicz P, Trybou A, Vega-Czarny N, Bataille E, Bluet E, Bordelais I, Dubois M, Dumont C, Guerin T, Haffray S, Hammadi R, Muanga J, Pellouin V, Robert D, Wunderle E, Gauguet G, Roy A, Sainte-Marthe L, Verdier J, Verdier-Discala C, Hillier L, Fulton L, McPherson J, Matsuda F, Wilson R, Scarpelli C, Gyapay G, Wincker P, Saurin W, Quetier F, Waterston R, Hood L, Weissenbach J: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14. Nature. 2003 Feb 6;421(6923):601-7. Epub 2003 Jan 1. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Liguri G, Camici G, Manao G, Cappugi G, Nassi P, Modesti A, Ramponi G: A new acylphosphatase isoenzyme from human erythrocytes: purification, characterization, and primary structure. Biochemistry. 1986 Dec 2;25(24):8089-94. [PubMed ]
5. Fiaschi T, Raugei G, Marzocchini R, Chiarugi P, Cirri P, Ramponi G: Cloning and expression of the cDNA coding for the erythrocyte isoenzyme of human acylphosphatase. FEBS Lett. 1995 Jun 26;367(2):145-8. [PubMed ]
6. Yeung RC, Lam SY, Wong KB: Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of human common-type acylphosphatase. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2006 Jan 1;62(Pt 1):80-2. Epub 2005 Dec 23. [PubMed ]
7. Gribenko AV, Patel MM, Liu J, McCallum SA, Wang C, Makhatadze GI: Rational stabilization of enzymes by computational redesign of surface charge-charge interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 24;106(8):2601-6. Epub 2009 Feb 5. [PubMed ]

1. ACY-1
2. N-acyl-L-amino-acid amidohydrolase

MTSKGPEEEHPSVTLFRQYLRIRTVQPKPDYGAAVAFFEETARQLGLGCQKVEVAPGYVV
TVLTWPGTNPTLSSILLNSHTDVVPVFKEHWSHDPFEAFKDSEGYIYARGAQDMKCVSIQ
YLEAVRRLKVEGHRFPRTIHMTFVPDEEVGGHQGMELFVQRPEFHALRAGFALDEGIANP
TDAFTVFYSERSPWWVRVTSTGRPGHASRFMEDTAAEKLHKVVNSILAFREKEWQRLQSN
PHLKEGSVTSVNLTKLEGGVAYNVIPATMSASFDFRVAPDVDFKAFEEQLQSWCQAAGEG
VTLEFAQKWMHPQVTPTDDSNPWWAAFSRVCKDMNLTLEPEIMPAATDNRYIRAVGVPAL
GFSPMNRTPVLLHDHDERLHEAVFLRGVDIYTRLLPALASVPALPSDS

• an N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = a carboxylate + an L-amino acid [RN:R01263]

• M20_dimer (PF07687 )
• Peptidase_M20 (PF01546 )

• None

• None

ATGACCAGCAAGGGTCCCGAGGAGGAGCACCCATCGGTGACGCTCTTCCGCCAGTACCTG
CGTATCCGCACTGTCCAGCCCAAGCCTGACTATGGAGCTGCTGTGGCTTTCTTTGAGGAG
ACAGCCCGCCAGCTGGGCCTGGGCTGTCAGAAAGTAGAGGTGGCACCTGGCTATGTGGTG
ACCGTGTTGACCTGGCCAGGCACCAACCCTACACTCTCCTCCATCTTGCTCAACTCCCAC
ACGGATGTGGTGCCTGTCTTCAAGGAACATTGGAGTCACGACCCCTTTGAGGCCTTCAAG
GATTCTGAGGGCTACATCTATGCCAGGGGTGCCCAGGACATGAAGTGCGTCAGCATCCAG
TACCTGGAAGCTGTGAGGAGGCTGAAGGTGGAGGGCCACCGGTTCCCCAGAACCATCCAC
ATGACCTTTGTGCCTGATGAGGAGGTTGGGGGTCACCAAGGCATGGAGCTGTTCGTGCAG
CGGCCTGAGTTCCACGCCCTGAGGGCAGGCTTTGCCCTGGATGAGGGCATAGCCAATCCC
ACTGATGCCTTCACTGTCTTTTATAGTGAGCGGAGTCCCTGGTGGGTGCGGGTTACCAGC
ACTGGGAGGCCAGGCCATGCCTCACGCTTCATGGAGGACACAGCAGCAGAGAAGCTGCAC
AAGGTTGTAAACTCCATCCTGGCATTCCGGGAGAAGGAATGGCAGAGGCTGCAGTCAAAC
CCCCACCTGAAAGAGGGGTCCGTGACCTCCGTGAACCTGACTAAGCTAGAGGGTGGCGTG
GCCTATAACGTGATACCTGCCACCATGAGCGCCAGCTTTGACTTCCGTGTGGCACCGGAT
GTGGACTTCAAGGCTTTTGAGGAGCAGCTGCAGAGCTGGTGCCAGGCAGCTGGCGAGGGG
GTCACCCTAGAGTTTGCTCAGAAGTGGATGCACCCCCAAGTGACACCTACTGATGACTCA
AACCCTTGGTGGGCAGCTTTTAGCCGGGTCTGCAAGGATATGAACCTCACTCTGGAGCCT
GAGATCATGCCTGCTGCCACTGACAACCGCTATATCCGCGCGGTGGGGGTCCCAGCTCTA
GGCTTCTCACCCATGAACCGCACACCTGTGCTGCTGCACGACCACGATGAACGGCTGCAT
GAGGCTGTGTTCCTCCGTGGGGTGGACATATATACACGCCTGCTGCCTGCCCTTGCCAGT
GTGCCTGCCCTGCCCAGTGACAGCTGA

1. Mitta M, Kato I, Tsunasawa S: The nucleotide sequence of human aminoacylase-1. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Aug 19;1174(2):201-3. [PubMed ]
2. Cook RM, Burke BJ, Buchhagen DL, Minna JD, Miller YE: Human aminoacylase-1. Cloning, sequence, and expression analysis of a chromosome 3p21 gene inactivated in small cell lung cancer. J Biol Chem. 1993 Aug 15;268(23):17010-7. [PubMed ]
3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
4. Van Coster RN, Gerlo EA, Giardina TG, Engelke UF, Smet JE, De Praeter CM, Meersschaut VA, De Meirleir LJ, Seneca SH, Devreese B, Leroy JG, Herga S, Perrier JP, Wevers RA, Lissens W: Aminoacylase I deficiency: a novel inborn error of metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Dec 23;338(3):1322-6. Epub 2005 Nov 2. [PubMed ]
5. Sass JO, Mohr V, Olbrich H, Engelke U, Horvath J, Fliegauf M, Loges NT, Schweitzer-Krantz S, Moebus R, Weiler P, Kispert A, Superti-Furga A, Wevers RA, Omran H: Mutations in ACY1, the gene encoding aminoacylase 1, cause a novel inborn error of metabolism. Am J Hum Genet. 2006 Mar;78(3):401-9. Epub 2006 Jan 18. [PubMed ]
6. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD, Mandelker D, Leary RJ, Ptak J, Silliman N, Szabo S, Buckhaults P, Farrell C, Meeh P, Markowitz SD, Willis J, Dawson D, Willson JK, Gazdar AF, Hartigan J, Wu L, Liu C, Parmigiani G, Park BH, Bachman KE, Papadopoulos N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Velculescu VE: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2006 Oct 13;314(5797):268-74. Epub 2006 Sep 7. [PubMed ]
7. Sass JO, Olbrich H, Mohr V, Hart C, Woldseth B, Krywawych S, Bjurulf B, Lakhani PK, Buchdahl RM, Omran H: Neurological findings in aminoacylase 1 deficiency. Neurology. 2007 Jun 12;68(24):2151-3. [PubMed ]

1. Aminoacylase-2
2. ACY-2

MTSCHIAEEHIQKVAIFGGTHGNELTGVFLVKHWLENGAEIQRTGLEVKPFITNPRAVKK
CTRYIDCDLNRIFDLENLGKKMSEDLPYEVRRAQEINHLFGPKDSEDSYDIIFDLHNTTS
NMGCTLILEDSRNNFLIQMFHYIKTSLAPLPCYVYLIEHPSLKYATTRSIAKYPVGIEVG
PQPQGVLRADILDQMRKMIKHALDFIHHFNEGKEFPPCAIEVYKIIEKVDYPRDENGEIA
AIIHPNLQDQDWKPLHPGDPMFLTLDGKTIPLGGDCTVYPVFVNEAAYYEKKEAFAKTTK
LTLNAKSIRCCLH

• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )

• N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a carboxylate + L-aspartate [RN:R00546]

• AstE_AspA (PF04952 )

• None

• None

ATGACTTCTTGTCACATTGCTGAAGAACATATACAAAAGGTTGCTATCTTTGGAGGAACC
CATGGGAATGAGCTAACCGGAGTATTTCTGGTTAAGCATTGGCTAGAGAATGGCGCTGAG
ATTCAGAGAACAGGGCTGGAGGTAAAACCATTTATTACTAACCCCAGAGCAGTGAAGAAG
TGTACCAGATATATTGACTGTGACCTGAATCGCATTTTTGACCTTGAAAATCTTGGCAAA
AAAATGTCAGAAGATTTGCCATATGAAGTGAGAAGGGCTCAAGAAATAAATCATTTATTT
GGTCCAAAAGACAGTGAAGATTCCTATGACATTATTTTTGACCTTCACAACACCACCTCT
AACATGGGGTGCACTCTTATTCTTGAGGATTCCAGGAATAACTTTTTAATTCAGATGTTT
CATTACATTAAGACTTCTCTGGCTCCACTACCCTGCTACGTTTATCTGATTGAGCATCCT
TCCCTCAAATATGCGACCACTCGTTCCATAGCCAAGTATCCTGTGGGTATAGAAGTTGGT
CCTCAGCCTCAAGGGGTTCTGAGAGCTGATATCTTGGATCAAATGAGAAAAATGATTAAA
CATGCTCTTGATTTTATACATCATTTCAATGAAGGAAAAGAATTTCCTCCCTGCGCCATT
GAGGTCTATAAAATTATAGAGAAAGTTGATTACCCCCGGGATGAAAATGGAGAAATTGCT
GCTATCATCCATCCTAATCTGCAGGATCAAGACTGGAAACCACTGCATCCTGGGGATCCC
ATGTTTTTAACTCTTGATGGGAAGACGATCCCACTGGGCGGAGACTGTACCGTGTACCCC
GTGTTTGTGAATGAGGCCGCATATTACGAAAAGAAAGAAGCTTTTGCAAAGACAACTAAA
CTAACGCTCAATGCAAAAAGTATTCGCTGCTGTTTACATTAG

1. Kaul R, Gao GP, Balamurugan K, Matalon R: Cloning of the human aspartoacylase cDNA and a common missense mutation in Canavan disease. Nat Genet. 1993 Oct;5(2):118-23. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
3. Moore RA, Le Coq J, Faehnle CR, Viola RE: Purification and preliminary characterization of brain aspartoacylase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2003 May 1;413(1):1-8. [PubMed ]
4. Le Coq J, Pavlovsky A, Malik R, Sanishvili R, Xu C, Viola RE: Examination of the mechanism of human brain aspartoacylase through the binding of an intermediate analogue. Biochemistry. 2008 Mar 18;47(11):3484-92. Epub 2008 Feb 23. [PubMed ]
5. Bitto E, Bingman CA, Wesenberg GE, McCoy JG, Phillips GN Jr: Structure of aspartoacylase, the brain enzyme impaired in Canavan disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jan 9;104(2):456-61. Epub 2006 Dec 28. [PubMed ]
6. Kaul R, Gao GP, Aloya M, Balamurugan K, Petrosky A, Michals K, Matalon R: Canavan disease: mutations among Jewish and non-jewish patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1994 Jul;55(1):34-41. [PubMed ]
7. Shaag A, Anikster Y, Christensen E, Glustein JZ, Fois A, Michelakakis H, Nigro F, Pronicka E, Ribes A, Zabot MT, et al.: The molecular basis of canavan (aspartoacylase deficiency) disease in European non-Jewish patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Sep;57(3):572-80. [PubMed ]
8. Kaul R, Gao GP, Michals K, Whelan DT, Levin S, Matalon R: Novel (cys152 > arg) missense mutation in an Arab patient with Canavan disease. Hum Mutat. 1995;5(3):269-71. [PubMed ]
9. Kaul R, Gao GP, Matalon R, Aloya M, Su Q, Jin M, Johnson AB, Schutgens RB, Clarke JT: Identification and expression of eight novel mutations among non-Jewish patients with Canavan disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Jul;59(1):95-102. [PubMed ]
10. Kobayashi K, Tsujino S, Ezoe T, Hamaguchi H, Nihei K, Sakuragawa N: Missense mutation (I143T) in a Japanese patient with Canavan disease. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S308-9. [PubMed ]
11. Rady PL, Vargas T, Tyring SK, Matalon R, Langenbeck U: Novel missense mutation (Y231C) in a turkish patient with canavan disease. Am J Med Genet. 1999 Nov 26;87(3):273-5. [PubMed ]
12. Elpeleg ON, Shaag A: The spectrum of mutations of the aspartoacylase gene in Canavan disease in non-Jewish patients. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1999 Jun;22(4):531-4. [PubMed ]
13. Sistermans EA, de Coo RF, van Beerendonk HM, Poll-The BT, Kleijer WJ, van Oost BA: Mutation detection in the aspartoacylase gene in 17 patients with Canavan disease: four new mutations in the non-Jewish population. Eur J Hum Genet. 2000 Jul;8(7):557-60. [PubMed ]
14. Zeng BJ, Wang ZH, Ribeiro LA, Leone P, De Gasperi R, Kim SJ, Raghavan S, Ong E, Pastores GM, Kolodny EH: Identification and characterization of novel mutations of the aspartoacylase gene in non-Jewish patients with Canavan disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2002 Nov;25(7):557-70. [PubMed ]
15. Olsen TR, Tranebjaerg L, Kvittingen EA, Hagenfeldt L, Moller C, Nilssen O: Two novel aspartoacylase gene (ASPA) missense mutations specific to Norwegian and Swedish patients with Canavan disease. J Med Genet. 2002 Sep;39(9):e55. [PubMed ]

1. Acylase III
2. Aminoacylase-3
3. ACY-3
4. Hepatitis C virus core-binding protein 1
5. HCBP1

MCSLPVPREPLRRVAVTGGTHGNEMSGVYLARHWLHAPAELQRASFSAVPVLANPAATSG
CRRYVDHDLNRTFTSSFLNSRPTPDDPYEVTRARELNQLLGPKASGQAFDFVLDLHNTTA
NMGTCLIAKSSHEVFAMHLCRHLQLQYPELSCQVFLYQRSGEESYNLDSVAKNGLGLELG
PQPQGVLRADIFSRMRTLVATVLDFIELFNQGTAFPAFEMEAYRPVGVVDFPRTEAGHLA
GTVHPQLQDRDFQPLQPGAPIFQMFSGEDLLYEGESTVYPVFINEAAYYEKGVAFVQTEK
FTFTVPAMPALTPAPSPAS

• Histidine Metabolism (map00340 )

• AstE_AspA (PF04952 )

• None

• None

ATGTGCTCACTGCCTGTGCCCCGGGAGCCCCTGCGTCGCGTGGCTGTGACTGGGGGCACG
CATGGCAACGAGATGTCGGGCGTCTACCTGGCCCGGCACTGGCTGCATGCCCCCGCAGAG
CTGCAGAGAGCCAGCTTCTCCGCTGTGCCTGTGCTGGCCAACCCGGCAGCCACATCCGGC
TGCCGCCGCTACGTGGACCATGACCTCAACCGCACCTTCACCAGCAGCTTCCTCAATTCC
AGGCCCACCCCGGACGACCCATATGAGGTGACAAGAGCCCGAGAGCTGAACCAGCTGCTG
GGGCCCAAGGCCTCGGGCCAGGCCTTTGACTTTGTCCTTGACCTGCACAACACCACGGCC
AACATGGGCACCTGCTTAATCGCGAAGTCCTCCCACGAAGTCTTTGCCATGCACCTGTGC
CGCCATCTGCAGCTGCAGTACCCCGAGCTGTCCTGCCAGGTCTTCCTGTACCAGCGGTCT
GGGGAGGAGAGCTACAACCTGGACTCTGTGGCCAAAAATGGACTGGGTCTGGAGCTGGGC
CCCCAGCCACAGGGTGTGCTGCGGGCTGACATTTTCTCAAGGATGAGGACCCTGGTGGCC
ACAGTTCTGGACTTCATCGAACTCTTCAACCAGGGTACGGCCTTTCCTGCCTTTGAGATG
GAAGCCTATAGACCCGTGGGCGTCGTGGACTTCCCCCGCACCGAGGCCGGGCACCTGGCA
GGCACTGTGCATCCTCAGCTGCAGGACCGAGACTTCCAGCCACTGCAGCCTGGTGCTCCC
ATCTTCCAGATGTTCAGTGGGGAGGACCTGCTCTATGAGGGAGAGTCCACGGTGTACCCC
GTGTTCATTAACGAGGCTGCCTACTATGAGAAGGGCGTTGCCTTTGTCCAGACTGAGAAG
TTCACATTCACCGTGCCTGCCATGCCCGCGCTGACCCCTGCCCCGAGCCCAGCTTCCTAA