1. (2E,6E)-Farnesyl diphosphate
2. (2E,6E)-Farnesyl pyrophosphate
3. (E,E)-Farnesyl diphosphate
4. (E,E)-Farnesyl pyrophosphate
5. (all-E)-Farnesyl diphosphate
6. 2-trans,6-trans-Farnesyl diphosphate
7. 2-trans,6-trans-Farnesyl pyrophosphate
8. Farnesyl diphosphate
9. Farnesyl pyrophosphate
10. Farnesyl pyrophosphic acid
11. Farnesyl-PP
12. all-trans-Farnesyl pyrophosphate
13. trans-trans-Farnesyl diphosphate
14. trans-trans-Farnesyl pyrophosphate
15. trans-Farnesyl pyrophosphate

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• Cytoplasm
• endoplasmic reticulum
• peroxisome

• Blood

1. Shellman YG, Ribble D, Miller L, Gendall J, Vanbuskirk K, Kelly D, Norris DA, Dellavalle RP: Lovastatin-induced apoptosis in human melanoma cell lines. Melanoma Res. 2005 Apr;15(2):83-9. [PubMed ]
2. Argmann CA, Edwards JY, Sawyez CG, O'Neil CH, Hegele RA, Pickering JG, Huff MW: Regulation of macrophage cholesterol efflux through hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibition: a role for RhoA in ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 10;280(23):22212-21. Epub 2005 Apr 6. [PubMed ]
3. Reigard SA, Zahn TJ, Haworth KB, Hicks KA, Fierke CA, Gibbs RA: Interplay of isoprenoid and peptide substrate specificity in protein farnesyltransferase. Biochemistry. 2005 Aug 23;44(33):11214-23. [PubMed ]
4. Tacer KF, Haugen TB, Baltsen M, Debeljak N, Rozman D: Tissue-specific transcriptional regulation of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway leads to accumulation of testis meiosis-activating sterol (T-MAS). J Lipid Res. 2002 Jan;43(1):82-9. [PubMed ]
5. Saisho Y, Morimoto A, Umeda T: Determination of farnesyl pyrophosphate in dog and human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Anal Biochem. 1997 Oct 1;252(1):89-95. [PubMed ]
6. Sanders JM, Song Y, Chan JM, Zhang Y, Jennings S, Kosztowski T, Odeh S, Flessner R, Schwerdtfeger C, Kotsikorou E, Meints GA, Gomez AO, Gonzalez-Pacanowska D, Raker AM, Wang H, van Beek ER, Papapoulos SE, Morita CT, Oldfield E: Pyridinium-1-yl bisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of farnesyl diphosphate synthase and bone resorption. J Med Chem. 2005 Apr 21;48(8):2957-63. [PubMed ]
7. Notarnicola M, Messa C, Cavallini A, Bifulco M, Tecce MF, Eletto D, Di Leo A, Montemurro S, Laezza C, Caruso MG: Higher farnesyl diphosphate synthase activity in human colorectal cancer inhibition of cellular apoptosis. Oncology. 2004;67(5-6):351-8. [PubMed ]
8. Fukuchi J, Song C, Ko AL, Liao S: Transcriptional regulation of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase by liver X receptors. Steroids. 2003 Sep;68(7-8):685-91. [PubMed ]
9. Wikipedia

1. Squalene synthase
2. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase
3. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase
4. Protein farnesyltransferase/geranylgeranyltransferase type-1 subunit alpha
5. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase
6. Protein farnesyltransferase subunit beta

1. SQS
2. SS
3. FPP:FPP farnesyltransferase
4. Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase

MEFVKCLGHPEEFYNLVRFRIGGKRKVMPKMDQDSLSSSLKTCYKYLNQTSRSFAAVIQA
LDGEMRNAVCIFYLVLRALDTLEDDMTISVEKKVPLLHNFHSFLYQPDWRFMESKEKDRQ
VLEDFPTISLEFRNLAEKYQTVIADICRRMGIGMAEFLDKHVTSEQEWDKYCHYVAGLVG
IGLSRLFSASEFEDPLVGEDTERANSMGLFLQKTNIIRDYLEDQQGGREFWPQEVWSRYV
KKLGDFAKPENIDLAVQCLNELITNALHHIPDVITYLSRLRNQSVFNFCAIPQVMAIATL
AACYNNQQVFKGAVKIRKGQAVTLMMDATNMPAVKAIIYQYMEEIYHRIPDSDPSSSKTR
QIISTIRTQNLPNCQLISRSHYSPIYLSFVMLLAALSWQYLTTLSQVTEDYVQTGEH

• Steroid Biosynthesis (map00100 )
• Squalene Biosynthesis (map00900 )

• (1) (1a) 2 farnesyl diphosphate = diphosphate + presqualene diphosphate [RN:R00702]
• (2) (1b) presqualene diphosphate + NAD(P)H + H+ = squalene + diphosphate + NAD(P)+ [RN:R02872]

• SQS_PSY (PF00494 )

• None

• 284-304 384-404

ATGGAGTTCGTGAAATGCCTTGGCCACCCCGAAGAGTTCTACAACCTGGTGCGCTTCCGG
ATCGGGGGCAAGCGGAAGGTGATGCCCAAGATGGACCAGGACTCGCTCAGCAGCAGCCTG
AAAACTTGCTACAAGTATCTCAATCAGACCAGTCGCAGTTTCGCAGCTGTTATCCAGGCG
CTGGATGGGGAAATGCGCAACGCAGTGTGCATATTTTATCTGGTTCTCCGAGCTCTGGAC
ACACTGGAAGATGACATGACCATCAGTGTGGAAAAGAAGGTCCCGCTGTTACACAACTTT
CACTCTTTCCTTTACCAACCAGACTGGCGGTTCATGGAGAGCAAGGAGAAGGATCGCCAG
GTGCTGGAGGACTTCCCAACGATCTCCCTTGAGTTTAGAAATCTGGCTGAGAAATACCAA
ACAGTGATTGCCGACATTTGCCGGAGAATGGGCATTGGGATGGCAGAGTTTTTGGATAAG
CATGTGACCTCTGAACAGGAGTGGGACAAGTACTGCCACTATGTTGCTGGGCTGGTCGGA
ATTGGCCTTTCCCGTCTTTTCTCAGCCTCAGAGTTTGAAGACCCCTTAGTTGGTGAAGAT
ACAGAACGTGCCAACTCTATGGGCCTGTTTCTGCAGAAAACAAACATCATCCGTGACTAT
CTGGAAGACCAGCAAGGAGGAAGAGAGTTCTGGCCTCAAGAGGTTTGGAGCAGGTATGTT
AAGAAGTTAGGGGATTTTGCTAAGCCGGAGAATATTGACTTGGCCGTGCAGTGCCTGAAT
GAACTTATAACCAATGCACTGCACCACATCCCAGATGTCATCACCTACCTTTCGAGACTC
AGAAACCAGAGTGTGTTTAACTTCTGCGCTATTCCACAGGTGATGGCCATTGCCACTTTG
GCTGCCTGTTATAATAACCAGCAGGTGTTCAAAGGGGCAGTGAAGATTCGGAAAGGGCAA
GCAGTGACCCTGATGATGGATGCCACCAATATGCCAGCTGTCAAAGCCATCATATATCAG
TATATGGAAGAGATTTATCATAGAATCCCCGACTCAGACCCATCTTCTAGCAAAACAAGG
CAGATCATCTCCACCATCCGGACGCAGAATCTTCCCAACTGTCAGCTGATTTCCCGAAGC
CACTACTCCCCCATCTACCTGTCGTTTGTCATGCTTTTGGCTGCCCTGAGCTGGCAGTAC
CTGACCACTCTCTCCCAGGTAACAGAAGACTATGTTCAGACTGGAGAACACTGA

1. Robinson GW, Tsay YH, Kienzle BK, Smith-Monroy CA, Bishop RW: Conservation between human and fungal squalene synthetases: similarities in structure, function, and regulation. Mol Cell Biol. 1993 May;13(5):2706-17. [PubMed ]
2. Jiang G, McKenzie TL, Conrad DG, Shechter I: Transcriptional regulation by lovastatin and 25-hydroxycholesterol in HepG2 cells and molecular cloning and expression of the cDNA for the human hepatic squalene synthase. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jun 15;268(17):12818-24. [PubMed ]
3. Summers C, Karst F, Charles AD: Cloning, expression and characterisation of the cDNA encoding human hepatic squalene synthase, and its relationship to phytoene synthase. Gene. 1993 Dec 22;136(1-2Che):185-92. [PubMed ]
4. Soltis DA, McMahon G, Caplan SL, Dudas DA, Chamberlin HA, Vattay A, Dottavio D, Rucker ML, Engstrom RG, Cornell-Kennon SA, et al.: Expression, purification, and characterization of the human squalene synthase: use of yeast and baculoviral systems. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Feb 1;316(2):713-23. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Pandit J, Danley DE, Schulte GK, Mazzalupo S, Pauly TA, Hayward CM, Hamanaka ES, Thompson JF, Harwood HJ Jr: Crystal structure of human squalene synthase. A key enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. J Biol Chem. 2000 Sep 29;275(39):30610-7. [PubMed ]
7. Do R, Pare G, Montpetit A, Hudson TJ, Gaudet D, Engert JC: K45R variant of squalene synthase increases total cholesterol levels in two study samples from a French Canadian population. Hum Mutat. 2008 May;29(5):689-94. [PubMed ]

1. GGPP synthase
2. GGPPSase
3. Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase
4. Dimethylallyltranstransferase
5. Geranyltranstransferase
6. Farnesyltranstransferase

MEKTQETVQRILLEPYKYLLQLPGKQVRTKLSQAFNHWLKVPEDKLQIIIEVTEMLHNAS
LLIDDIEDNSKLRRGFPVAHSIYGIPSVINSANYVYFLGLEKVLTLDHPDAVKLFTRQLL
ELHQGQGLDIYWRDNYTCPTEEEYKAMVLQKTGGLFGLAVGLMQLFSDYKEDLKPLLNTL
GLFFQIRDDYANLHSKEYSENKSFCEDLTEGKFSFPTIHAIWSRPESTQVQNILRQRTEN
IDIKKYCVHYLEDVGSFEYTRNTLKELEAKAYKQIDARGGNPELVALVKHLSKMFKEENE

• Steroid Biosynthesis (map00100 )
• Squalene Biosynthesis (map00900 )

• trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + geranylgeranyl diphosphate [RN:R02061]

• polyprenyl_synt (PF00348 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGAAGACTCAAGAAACAGTCCAAAGAATTCTTCTAGAACCCTATAAATACTTACTT
CAGTTACCAGGTAAACAAGTGAGAACCAAACTTTCACAGGCATTTAATCATTGGCTGAAA
GTTCCAGAGGACAAGCTACAGATTATTATTGAAGTGACAGAAATGTTGCATAATGCCAGT
TTACTCATCGATGATATTGAAGACAACTCAAAACTCCGACGTGGCTTTCCAGTGGCCCAC
AGCATCTATGGAATCCCATCTGTCATCAATTCTGCCAATTACGTGTATTTCCTTGGCTTG
GAGAAAGTCTTAACCCTTGATCACCCAGATGCAGTGAAGCTTTTTACCCGCCAGCTTTTG
GAACTCCATCAGGGACAAGGCCTAGATATTTACTGGAGGGATAATTACACTTGTCCCACT
GAAGAAGAATATAAAGCTATGGTGCTGCAGAAAACAGGTGGACTGTTTGGATTAGCAGTA
GGTCTCATGCAGTTGTTCTCTGATTACAAAGAAGATTTAAAACCGCTACTTAATACACTT
GGGCTCTTTTTCCAAATTAGGGATGATTATGCTAATCTACACTCCAAAGAATATAGTGAA
AACAAAAGTTTTTGTGAAGATCTGACAGAGGGAAAGTTCTCATTTCCTACTATTCATGCT
ATTTGGTCAAGGCCTGAAAGCACCCAGGTGCAGAATATCTTGCGCCAGAGAACAGAAAAC
ATAGATATAAAAAAATACTGTGTACATTATCTTGAGGATGTAGGTTCTTTTGAATACACT
CGTAATACCCTTAAAGAGCTTGAAGCTAAAGCCTATAAACAGATTGATGCACGTGGTGGG
AACCCTGAGCTAGTAGCCTTAGTAAAACACTTAAGTAAGATGTTCAAAGAAGAAAATGAA
TAA

1. Ericsson J, Greene JM, Carter KC, Shell BK, Duan DR, Florence C, Edwards PA: Human geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase: isolation of the cDNA, chromosomal mapping and tissue expression. J Lipid Res. 1998 Sep;39(9):1731-9. [PubMed ]
2. Kuzuguchi T, Morita Y, Sagami I, Sagami H, Ogura K: Human geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase. cDNA cloning and expression. J Biol Chem. 1999 Feb 26;274(9):5888-94. [PubMed ]
3. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed ]
4. Kainou T, Kawamura K, Tanaka K, Matsuda H, Kawamukai M: Identification of the GGPS1 genes encoding geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases from mouse and human. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Mar 25;1437(3):333-40. [PubMed ]
5. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
8. Kavanagh KL, Dunford JE, Bunkoczi G, Russell RG, Oppermann U: The crystal structure of human geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase reveals a novel hexameric arrangement and inhibitory product binding. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 4;281(31):22004-12. Epub 2006 May 11. [PubMed ]

1. FPP synthase
2. FPS
3. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase
4. Dimethylallyltranstransferase
5. Geranyltranstransferase

MPLSRWLRSVGVFLLPAPYWAPRERWLGSLRRPSLVHGYPVLAWHSARCWCQAWTEEPRA
LCSSLRMNGDQNSDVYAQEKQDFVQHFSQIVRVLTEDEMGHPEIGDAIARLKEVLEYNAI
GGKYNRGLTVVVAFRELVEPRKQDADSLQRAWTVGWCVELLQAFFLVADDIMDSSLTRRG
QICWYQKPGVGLDAINDANLLEACIYRLLKLYCREQPYYLNLIELFLQSSYQTEIGQTLD
LLTAPQGNVDLVRFTEKRYKSIVKYKTAFYSFYLPIAAAMYMAGIDGEKEHANAKKILLE
MGEFFQIQDDYLDLFGDPSVTGKIGTDIQDNKCSWLVVQCLQRATPEQYQILKENYGQKE
AEKVARVKALYEELDLPAVFLQYEEDSYSHIMALIEQYAAPLPPAVFLGLARKIYKRRK

• Steroid Biosynthesis (map00100 )
• Squalene Biosynthesis (map00900 )

• geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate [RN:R02003]

• polyprenyl_synt (PF00348 )

• None

• None

ATGCCCCTGTCCCGCTGGTTGAGATCTGTGGGGGTCTTCCTGCTGCCAGCCCCCTACTGG
GCACCCCGGGAGAGGTGGCTGGGTTCCCTACGGCGGCCCTCCCTGGTGCACGGGTACCCA
GTCCTGGCCTGGCACAGTGCCCGCTGCTGGTGCCAAGCGTGGACAGAGGAACCTCGAGCC
CTTTGCTCCTCCCTCAGAATGAACGGAGACCAGAATTCAGATGTTTATGCCCAAGAAAAG
CAGGATTTCGTTCAGCACTTCTCCCAGATCGTTAGGGTGCTGACTGAGGATGAGATGGGG
CACCCAGAGATAGGAGATGCTATTGCCCGGCTCAAGGAGGTCCTGGAGTACAATGCCATT
GGAGGCAAGTATAACCGGGGTTTGACGGTGGTAGTAGCATTCCGGGAGCTGGTGGAGCCA
AGGAAACAGGATGCTGATAGTCTCCAGCGGGCCTGGACTGTGGGCTGGTGTGTGGAACTG
CTGCAAGCTTTCTTCCTGGTGGCAGATGACATCATGGATTCATCCCTTACCCGCCGGGGA
CAGATCTGCTGGTATCAGAAGCCGGGCGTGGGTTTGGATGCCATCAATGATGCTAACCTC
CTGGAAGCATGTATCTACCGCCTGCTGAAGCTCTATTGCCGGGAGCAGCCCTATTACCTG
AACCTGATCGAGCTCTTCCTGCAGAGTTCCTATCAGACTGAGATTGGGCAGACCCTGGAC
CTCCTCACAGCCCCCCAGGGCAATGTGGATCTTGTCAGATTCACTGAAAAGAGGTACAAA
TCTATTGTCAAGTACAAGACAGCTTTCTACTCCTTCTACCTTCCTATAGCTGCAGCCATG
TACATGGCAGGAATTGATGGCGAGAAGGAGCACGCCAATGCCAAGAAGATCCTGCTGGAG
ATGGGGGAGTTCTTTCAGATTCAGGATGATTACCTTGACCTCTTTGGGGACCCCAGTGTG
ACCGGCAAAATTGGCACTGACATCCAGGACAACAAATGCAGCTGGCTGGTGGTTCAGTGT
CTGCAACGGGCCACTCCAGAACAGTACCAGATCCTGAAGGAAAATTACGGGCAGAAGGAG
GCTGAGAAAGTGGCCCGGGTGAAGGCGCTATATGAGGAGCTGGATCTGCCAGCAGTGTTC
TTGCAATATGAGGAAGACAGTTACAGCCACATTATGGCTCTCATTGAACAGTACGCAGCA
CCCCTGCCCCCAGCCGTCTTTCTGGGGCTTGCGCGCAAAATCTACAAGCGGAGAAAGTGA

1. Nomura N, Miyajima N, Sazuka T, Tanaka A, Kawarabayasi Y, Sato S, Nagase T, Seki N, Ishikawa K, Tabata S: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. I. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) deduced by analysis of randomly sampled cDNA clones from human immature myeloid cell line KG-1. DNA Res. 1994;1(1):27-35. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Wilkin DJ, Kutsunai SY, Edwards PA: Isolation and sequence of the human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase cDNA. Coordinate regulation of the mRNAs for farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase by phorbol ester. J Biol Chem. 1990 Mar 15;265(8):4607-14. [PubMed ]
6. Sheares BT, White SS, Molowa DT, Chan K, Ding VD, Kroon PA, Bostedor RG, Karkas JD: Cloning, analysis, and bacterial expression of human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase and its regulation in Hep G2 cells. Biochemistry. 1989 Oct 3;28(20):8129-35. [PubMed ]
7. Lefebvre L, Vanderplasschen A, Ciminale V, Heremans H, Dangoisse O, Jauniaux JC, Toussaint JF, Zelnik V, Burny A, Kettmann R, Willems L: Oncoviral bovine leukemia virus G4 and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 p13(II) accessory proteins interact with farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase. J Virol. 2002 Feb;76(3):1400-14. [PubMed ]
8. Wang X, Hinson ER, Cresswell P: The interferon-inducible protein viperin inhibits influenza virus release by perturbing lipid rafts. Cell Host Microbe. 2007 Aug 16;2(2):96-105. [PubMed ]
9. Szkopinska A, Plochocka D: Farnesyl diphosphate synthase; regulation of product specificity. Acta Biochim Pol. 2005;52(1):45-55. [PubMed ]
10. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
11. Rondeau JM, Bitsch F, Bourgier E, Geiser M, Hemmig R, Kroemer M, Lehmann S, Ramage P, Rieffel S, Strauss A, Green JR, Jahnke W: Structural basis for the exceptional in vivo efficacy of bisphosphonate drugs. ChemMedChem. 2006 Feb;1(2):267-73. [PubMed ]
12. Kavanagh KL, Guo K, Dunford JE, Wu X, Knapp S, Ebetino FH, Rogers MJ, Russell RG, Oppermann U: The molecular mechanism of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates as antiosteoporosis drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 May 16;103(20):7829-34. Epub 2006 May 9. [PubMed ]
13. Zhang Y, Cao R, Yin F, Hudock MP, Guo RT, Krysiak K, Mukherjee S, Gao YG, Robinson H, Song Y, No JH, Bergan K, Leon A, Cass L, Goddard A, Chang TK, Lin FY, Van Beek E, Papapoulos S, Wang AH, Kubo T, Ochi M, Mukkamala D, Oldfield E: Lipophilic bisphosphonates as dual farnesyl/geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase inhibitors: an X-ray and NMR investigation. J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Apr 15;131(14):5153-62. [PubMed ]

1. CAAX farnesyltransferase subunit alpha
2. FTase-alpha
3. Ras proteins prenyltransferase subunit alpha
4. Type I protein geranyl-geranyltransferase subunit alpha
5. GGTase-I-alpha

MAATEGVGEAAQGGEPGQPAQPPPQPHPPPPQQQHKEEMAAEAGEAVASPMDDGFVSLDS
PSYVLYRDRAEWADIDPVPQNDGPNPVVQIIYSDKFRDVYDYFRAVLQRDERSERAFKLT
RDAIELNAANYTVWHFRRVLLKSLQKDLHEEMNYITAIIEEQPKNYQVWHHRRVLVEWLR
DPSQELEFIADILNQDAKNYHAWQHRQWVIQEFKLWDNELQYVDQLLKEDVRNNSVWNQR
YFVISNTTGYNDRAVLEREVQYTLEMIKLVPHNESAWNYLKGILQDRGLSKYPNLLNQLL
DLQPSHSSPYLIAFLVDIYEDMLENQCDNKEDILNKALELCEILAKEKDTIRKEYWRYIG
RSLQSKHSTENDSPTNVQQ

• geranylgeranyl diphosphate + protein-cysteine = S-geranylgeranyl-protein + diphosphate

• PPTA (PF01239 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGGCCACCGAGGGGGTCGGGGAGGCTGCGCAAGGGGGCGAGCCCGGGCAGCCGGCG
CAACCCCCGCCCCAGCCGCACCCACCGCCGCCCCAGCAGCAGCACAAGGAAGAGATGGCG
GCCGAGGCTGGGGAAGCCGTGGCGTCCCCCATGGACGACGGGTTTGTGAGCCTGGACTCG
CCCTCCTATGTCCTGTACAGGGACAGAGCAGAATGGGCTGATATAGATCCGGTGCCGCAG
AATGATGGCCCCAATCCCGTGGTCCAGATCATTTATAGTGACAAATTTAGAGATGTTTAT
GATTACTTCCGAGCTGTCCTGCAGCGTGATGAAAGAAGTGAACGAGCTTTTAAGCTAACC
CGGGATGCTATTGAGTTAAATGCAGCCAATTATACAGTGTGGCATTTCCGGAGAGTTCTT
TTGAAGTCACTTCAGAAGGATCTACATGAGGAAATGAACTACATCACTGCAATAATTGAG
GAGCAGCCCAAAAACTATCAAGTTTGGCATCATAGGCGAGTATTAGTGGAATGGCTAAGA
GATCCATCTCAGGAGCTTGAATTTATTGCTGATATTCTTAATCAGGATGCAAAGAATTAT
CATGCCTGGCAGCATCGACAATGGGTTATTCAGGAATTTAAACTTTGGGATAATGAGCTG
CAGTATGTGGACCAACTTCTGAAAGAGGATGTGAGAAATAACTCTGTCTGGAACCAAAGA
TACTTCGTTATTTCTAACACCACTGGCTACAATGATCGTGCTGTATTGGAGAGAGAAGTC
CAATACACTCTGGAAATGATTAAACTAGTACCACATAATGAAAGTGCATGGAACTATTTG
AAAGGGATTTTGCAGGATCGTGGTCTTTCCAAATATCCTAATCTGTTAAATCAATTACTT
GATTTACAACCAAGTCATAGTTCCCCCTACCTAATTGCCTTTCTTGTGGATATCTATGAA
GACATGCTAGAAAATCAGTGTGACAATAAGGAAGACATTCTTAATAAAGCATTAGAGTTA
TGTGAAATCCTAGCTAAAGAAAAGGACACTATAAGAAAGGAATATTGGAGATACATTGGA
AGATCCCTTCAAAGCAAACACAGCACAGAAAATGACTCACCAACAAATGTACAGCAATAA

1. Andres DA, Milatovich A, Ozcelik T, Wenzlau JM, Brown MS, Goldstein JL, Francke U: cDNA cloning of the two subunits of human CAAX farnesyltransferase and chromosomal mapping of FNTA and FNTB loci and related sequences. Genomics. 1993 Oct;18(1):105-12. [PubMed ]
2. Andres DA, Goldstein JL, Ho YK, Brown MS: Mutational analysis of alpha-subunit of protein farnesyltransferase. Evidence for a catalytic role. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jan 15;268(2):1383-90. [PubMed ]
3. Omer CA, Kral AM, Diehl RE, Prendergast GC, Powers S, Allen CM, Gibbs JB, Kohl NE: Characterization of recombinant human farnesyl-protein transferase: cloning, expression, farnesyl diphosphate binding, and functional homology with yeast prenyl-protein transferases. Biochemistry. 1993 May 18;32(19):5167-76. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Nusbaum C, Mikkelsen TS, Zody MC, Asakawa S, Taudien S, Garber M, Kodira CD, Schueler MG, Shimizu A, Whittaker CA, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Dewar K, FitzGerald MG, Yang X, Allen NR, Anderson S, Asakawa T, Blechschmidt K, Bloom T, Borowsky ML, Butler J, Cook A, Corum B, DeArellano K, DeCaprio D, Dooley KT, Dorris L 3rd, Engels R, Glockner G, Hafez N, Hagopian DS, Hall JL, Ishikawa SK, Jaffe DB, Kamat A, Kudoh J, Lehmann R, Lokitsang T, Macdonald P, Major JE, Matthews CD, Mauceli E, Menzel U, Mihalev AH, Minoshima S, Murayama Y, Naylor JW, Nicol R, Nguyen C, O'Leary SB, O'Neill K, Parker SC, Polley A, Raymond CK, Reichwald K, Rodriguez J, Sasaki T, Schilhabel M, Siddiqui R, Smith CL, Sneddon TP, Talamas JA, Tenzin P, Topham K, Venkataraman V, Wen G, Yamazaki S, Young SK, Zeng Q, Zimmer AR, Rosenthal A, Birren BW, Platzer M, Shimizu N, Lander ES: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 8. Nature. 2006 Jan 19;439(7074):331-5. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed ]
8. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
9. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
10. Long SB, Hancock PJ, Kral AM, Hellinga HW, Beese LS: The crystal structure of human protein farnesyltransferase reveals the basis for inhibition by CaaX tetrapeptides and their mimetics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Nov 6;98(23):12948-53. Epub 2001 Oct 30. [PubMed ]
11. Bell IM, Gallicchio SN, Abrams M, Beese LS, Beshore DC, Bhimnathwala H, Bogusky MJ, Buser CA, Culberson JC, Davide J, Ellis-Hutchings M, Fernandes C, Gibbs JB, Graham SL, Hamilton KA, Hartman GD, Heimbrook DC, Homnick CF, Huber HE, Huff JR, Kassahun K, Koblan KS, Kohl NE, Lobell RB, Lynch JJ Jr, Robinson R, Rodrigues AD, Taylor JS, Walsh ES, Williams TM, Zartman CB: 3-Aminopyrrolidinone farnesyltransferase inhibitors: design of macrocyclic compounds with improved pharmacokinetics and excellent cell potency. J Med Chem. 2002 Jun 6;45(12):2388-409. [PubMed ]
12. deSolms SJ, Ciccarone TM, MacTough SC, Shaw AW, Buser CA, Ellis-Hutchings M, Fernandes C, Hamilton KA, Huber HE, Kohl NE, Lobell RB, Robinson RG, Tsou NN, Walsh ES, Graham SL, Beese LS, Taylor JS: Dual protein farnesyltransferase-geranylgeranyltransferase-I inhibitors as potential cancer chemotherapeutic agents. J Med Chem. 2003 Jul 3;46(14):2973-84. [PubMed ]

1. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase, dimethylallyltranstransferase, geranyltranstransferase
2. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase
3. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase, dimethylallyltranstransferase, geranyltranstransferase, isoform CRA_b
4. cDNA FLJ76177, highly similar to Homo sapiens farnesyl diphosphate synthase
5. farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase, dimethylallyltranstransferase, geranyltranstransferase
6. FDPS, mRNA

MPLSRWLRSVGVFLLPAPYWAPRERWLGSLRRPSLVHGYPVLAWHSARCWCQAWTEEPRA
LCSSLRMNGDQNSDVYAQEKQDFVQHFSQIVRVLTEDEMGHPEIGDAIARLKEVLEYNAI
GGKYNRGLTVVVAFRELVEPRKQDADSLQRAWTVGWCVELLQAFFLVADDIMDSSLTRRG
QICWYQKPGVGLDAINDANLLEACIYRLLKLYCREQPYYLNLIELFLQSSYQTEIGQTLD
LLTAPQGNVDLVRFTEKRYKSIVKYKTAFYSFYLPIAAAMYMAGIDGEKEHANAKKILLE
MGEFFQIQDDYLDLFGDPSVTGKIGTDIQDNKCSWLVVQCLQRATPEQYQILKENYGQKE
AEKVARVKALYEELDLPAVFLQYEEDSYSHIMALIEQYAAPLPPAVFLGLARKIYKRRK

• polyprenyl_synt (PF00348 )

• None

• None

1. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD, Altschul SF, Zeeberg B, Buetow KH, Schaefer CF, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Jordan H, Moore T, Max SI, Wang J, Hsieh F, Diatchenko L, Marusina K, Farmer AA, Rubin GM, Hong L, Stapleton M, Soares MB, Bonaldo MF, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brownstein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Prange C, Raha SS, Loquellano NA, Peters GJ, Abramson RD, Mullahy SJ, Bosak SA, McEwan PJ, McKernan KJ, Malek JA, Gunaratne PH, Richards S, Worley KC, Hale S, Garcia AM, Gay LJ, Hulyk SW, Villalon DK, Muzny DM, Sodergren EJ, Lu X, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madan A, Young AC, Shevchenko Y, Bouffard GG, Blakesley RW, Touchman JW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Krzywinski MI, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Marra MA: Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899-903. Epub 2002 Dec 11. [PubMed ]

1. FTase-beta
2. CAAX farnesyltransferase subunit beta
3. Ras proteins prenyltransferase subunit beta

MASPSSFTYYCPPSSSPVWSEPLYSLRPEHARERLQDDSVETVTSIEQAKVEEKIQEVFS
SYKFNHLVPRLVLQREKHFHYLKRGLRQLTDAYECLDASRPWLCYWILHSLELLDEPIPQ
IVATDVCQFLELCQSPEGGFGGGPGQYPHLAPTYAAVNALCIIGTEEAYDIINREKLLQY
LYSLKQPDGSFLMHVGGEVDVRSAYCAASVASLTNIITPDLFEGTAEWIARCQNWEGGIG
GVPGMEAHGGYTFCGLAALVILKRERSLNLKSLLQWVTSRQMRFEGGFQGRCNKLVDGCY
SFWQAGLLPLLHRALHAQGDPALSMSHWMFHQQALQEYILMCCQCPAGGLLDKPGKSRDF
YHTCYCLSGLSIAQHFGSGAMLHDVVLGVPENALQPTHPVYNIGPDKVIQATTYFLQKPV
PGFEELKDETSAEPATD

• farnesyl diphosphate + protein-cysteine = S-farnesyl protein + diphosphate

• Prenyltrans (PF00432 )

• None

• None

ATGGCTTCTCCGAGTTCTTTCACCTACTATTGCCCTCCATCTTCCTCCCCCGTCTGGTCA
GAGCCGCTGTACAGTCTGAGGCCCGAGCACGCGCGAGAGCGGTTGCAGGACGACTCGGTG
GAAACAGTCACGTCCATAGAACAGGCAAAAGTAGAAGAAAAGATCCAAGAGGTCTTCAGT
TCTTACAAGTTCAACCACCTTGTACCAAGGCTTGTTTTGCAGAGGGAGAAGCACTTCCAT
TATCTGAAAAGAGGCCTTCGACAACTGACAGATGCCTATGAGTGTCTGGATGCCAGCCGC
CCATGGCTCTGCTATTGGATCCTGCACAGCTTGGAACTGCTAGATGAACCCATCCCCCAG
ATAGTGGCTACAGATGTGTGTCAGTTCCTGGAGCTGTGTCAGAGCCCAGAAGGTGGCTTT
GGAGGAGGACCCGGTCAGTATCCACACCTTGCACCCACATATGCAGCAGTCAATGCATTG
TGCATCATTGGCACCGAGGAGGCCTATGACATCATTAACAGAGAGAAGCTTCTTCAGTAT
TTGTACTCCCTGAAGCAACCTGACGGCTCCTTTCTCATGCATGTCGGAGGTGAGGTGGAT
GTGAGAAGCGCATACTGTGCTGCCTCCGTAGCCTCGCTGACCAACATCATCACTCCAGAC
CTCTTTGAGGGCACTGCTGAATGGATAGCAAGGTGTCAGAACTGGGAAGGTGGCATTGGC
GGGGTACCAGGGATGGAAGCCCATGGTGGCTATACCTTCTGTGGCCTGGCCGCGCTGGTA
ATCCTCAAGAGGGAACGTTCCTTGAACTTGAAGAGCTTATTACAATGGGTGACAAGCCGG
CAGATGCGATTTGAAGGAGGATTTCAGGGCCGCTGCAACAAGCTGGTGGATGGCTGCTAC
TCCTTCTGGCAGGCGGGGCTCCTGCCCCTGCTCCACCGCGCACTGCACGCCCAAGGTGAC
CCTGCCCTTAGCATGAGCCACTGGATGTTCCATCAGCAGGCCCTGCAGGAGTACATCCTG
ATGTGCTGCCAGTGCCCTGCGGGGGGGCTTCTGGATAAACCTGGCAAGTCGCGTGATTTC
TACCACACCTGCTACTGCCTGAGCGGCCTGTCCATAGCCCAGCACTTCGGCAGCGGAGCC
ATGTTGCATGATGTGGTCCTGGGTGTGCCCGAAAACGCTCTGCAGCCCACTCACCCAGTG
TACAACATTGGACCAGACAAGGTGATCCAGGCCACTACATACTTTCTACAGAAGCCAGTC
CCAGGTTTTGAGGAGCTTAAGGATGAGACATCGGCAGAGCCTGCAACCGACTAG

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