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Human Metabolome Database Version 3.5

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Showing metabocard for Arachidonic acid (HMDB01043)

Record Information
Version 3.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 08:48:42 -0700
Update Date 2013-02-08 17:09:47 -0700
HMDB ID HMDB01043
Secondary Accession Numbers None
Metabolite Identification
Common Name Arachidonic acid
Description Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated, essential fatty acid. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid. Arachidonic acid mediates inflammation and the functioning of several organs and systems either directly or upon its conversion into eicosanoids. Arachidonic acid in cell membrane phospholipids is the substrate for the synthesis of a range of biologically active compounds (eicosanoids) including prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. These compounds can act as mediators in their own right and can also act as regulators of other processes, such as platelet aggregation, blood clotting, smooth muscle contraction, leukocyte chemotaxis, inflammatory cytokine production, and immune function. Arachidonic acid can be metabolized by cytochrome p450 (CYP450) enzymes to 5,6-, 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), their corresponding dihydroxyeicosa-trienoic acids (DHETs), and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE). The production of kidney CYP450 arachidonic acid metabolites is altered in diabetes, pregnancy, hepatorenal syndrome, and in various models of hypertension, and it is likely that changes in this system contribute to the abnormalities in renal function that are associated with many of these conditions. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the sn-2 position of membrane glycerophospholipids to liberate arachidonic acid (PMID: 12736897 Link_out, 12736897 Link_out, 12700820 Link_out, 12570747 Link_out, 12432908 Link_out).
Structure Thumb
Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure
Synonyms
  1. (all-Z)-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
  2. (all-Z)-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  3. 5,8,11,14-All-cis-Eicosatetraenoate
  4. 5,8,11,14-All-cis-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  5. 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
  6. 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  7. 5-cis,8-cis,11-cis,14-cis-Eicosatetraenoate
  8. 5-cis,8-cis,11-cis,14-cis-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  9. 5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenoate
  10. 5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  11. All-cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
  12. All-cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  13. Arachidonic acid
  14. cis-D5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoate
  15. cis-D5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid
  16. Immunocytophyte
Chemical Formula C20H32O2
Average Molecular Weight 304.4669
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 304.240230268
IUPAC Name (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name arachidonic acid
CAS Registry Number 506-32-1
SMILES CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O
InChI Identifier InChI=1S/C20H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20(21)22/h6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16H,2-5,8,11,14,17-19H2,1H3,(H,21,22)/b7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15-
InChI Key YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom Organic Compounds
Super Class Lipids
Class Fatty Acids and Conjugates
Sub Class Unsaturated Fatty Acids
Other Descriptors
  • Aliphatic Acyclic Compounds
  • Organic Compounds
  • Polyunsaturated fatty acids(KEGG)
  • Straight Chain Fatty Acids
  • Unsaturated fatty acids(KEGG)
  • Unsaturated fatty acids(Lipidmaps)
  • eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid(ChEBI)
  • eicosanoid(ChEBI)
  • omega-6 fatty acid(ChEBI)
  • very long-chain fatty acid(ChEBI)
Substituents
  • Acyclic Alkene
  • Carboxylic Acid
Direct Parent Unsaturated Fatty Acids
Ontology
Status Detected and Quantified
Origin
  • Endogenous
  • Food
Biofunction
  • Cell signaling
  • Component of Prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism
  • Fuel and energy storage
  • Fuel or energy source
  • Membrane integrity/stability
Application
  • Nutrients
  • Stabilizers
  • Surfactants and Emulsifiers
Cellular locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
Physical Properties
State Solid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Reference
Melting Point Not Available Not Available
Boiling Point Not Available Not Available
Water Solubility Not Available Not Available
LogP 6.98 SANGSTER (1993)
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
Water Solubility 1.510E-04 g/L ALOGPS
LogP 6.80 ALOGPS
LogP 6.59 ChemAxon
LogS -6.30 ALOGPS
pKa (strongest acidic) 4.82 ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count 2 ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count 1 ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area 37.3 A2 ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count 14 ChemAxon
Refractivity 99.95 ChemAxon
Polarizability 37.2 ChemAxon
Formal Charge 0 ChemAxon
Physiological Charge -1 ChemAxon
Spectra
Gas-MS Spectrum
MS/MS Spectrum LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters)
MS/MS Spectrum GC-MS
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane (predicted from logP)
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
Biofluid Locations
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Urine
Tissue Location
  • Muscle
  • Skeletal Muscle
  • Fibroblasts
  • Intestine
  • Neuron
  • Pancreas
  • Placenta
  • Testes
  • Kidney
  • Liver
  • Epidermis
  • Thyroid Gland
  • Myelin
  • Prostate
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Lung
  • Nerve Cells
  • Platelet
  • Spleen
  • Nervous Tissues
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Alpha Linolenic Acid and Linoleic Acid Metabolism SMP00018 map00592 Link_out
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism SMP00075 map00590 Link_out
Normal Concentrations
Biofluid Status Value Age Sex Condition Comments
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
2.94 +/- 0.058 uM Adult (>18 years old) Both Normal Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
14 +/- 12 uM Adult (>18 years old) Not Specified Normal Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
31.6 +/- 21.7 uM Adult (>18 years old) Both Normal Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
31.5 +/- 25.8 uM Adult (>18 years old) Male Normal Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
31.7 +/- 30.4 uM Adult (>18 years old) Female Normal Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
5.263 +/- 2.072 uM Adult (>18 years old) Both Normal Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
8.50 +/- 1.58 uM Adult (>18 years old) Female Normal Not Available
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
0.35 (0.03 - 0.66) uM Adult (>18 years old) Not Specified Normal Not Available
Urine Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
2.45 +/- 1.63 umol/mmol creatinine Adult (>18 years old) Female Normal Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Biofluid Status Value Age Sex Condition Comments
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
34.3 +/- 27.8 uM Adult (>18 years old) Both Hypertension Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
34.0 +/- 28.6 uM Adult (>18 years old) Male Essential hypertension Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
34.9 +/- 26.4 uM Adult (>18 years old) Female Essential hypertension Not Available
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
10.27 +/- 2.11 uM Adult (>18 years old) Female Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Gestational diabetes
  • Min Y, Ghebremeskel K, Lowy C, Thomas B, Crawford MA: Adverse effect of obesity on red cell membrane arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids in gestational diabetes. Diabetologia. 2004 Jan;47(1):75-81. Epub 2003 Nov 22. Pubmed: 14634727 Link_out
    Hypertension
    • Wang S, Ma A, Song S, Quan Q, Zhao X, Zheng X: Fasting serum free fatty acid composition, waist/hip ratio and insulin activity in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):623-32. Pubmed: 18633173 Link_out
      Essential hypertension
      • Wang S, Ma A, Song S, Quan Q, Zhao X, Zheng X: Fasting serum free fatty acid composition, waist/hip ratio and insulin activity in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertens Res. 2008 Apr;31(4):623-32. Pubmed: 18633173 Link_out
        Associated OMIM IDs
        DrugBank ID DB04557 Link_out
        Phenol Explorer Compound ID Not Available
        Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID Not Available
        FoodDB ID FDB011872
        KNApSAcK ID C00000388 Link_out
        Chemspider ID 392692 Link_out
        KEGG Compound ID C00219 Link_out
        BioCyc ID ARACHIDONIC_ACID Link_out
        BiGG ID 1586189 Link_out
        Wikipedia Link Arachidonic acid Link_out
        NuGOwiki Link HMDB01043 Link_out
        Metagene Link HMDB01043 Link_out
        METLIN ID 193 Link_out
        PubChem Compound 444899 Link_out
        PDB ID ACD Link_out
        ChEBI ID 15843 Link_out
        References
        Synthesis Reference Dai, Chuanchao; Yuan, Zhilin; Wang, Anqi. Production of arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid with organic wastewater of soybean products. Zhongguo Youzhi (2004), 29(5), 31-33.
        Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Download (PDF)
        General References
        1. Frelinger AL 3rd, Furman MI, Linden MD, Li Y, Fox ML, Barnard MR, Michelson AD: Residual arachidonic acid-induced platelet activation via an adenosine diphosphate-dependent but cyclooxygenase-1- and cyclooxygenase-2-independent pathway: a 700-patient study of aspirin resistance. Circulation. 2006 Jun 27;113(25):2888-96. Epub 2006 Jun 19. Pubmed: 16785341 Link_out
        2. Daskalou T, Karamouzis M, Liaros G: [Metabolites of arachidonic acid in activating platelets and their estimation by radionuclide techniques] Hell J Nucl Med. 2006 Jan-Apr;9(1):49-52. Pubmed: 16617398 Link_out
        3. Sacerdoti D, Gatta A, McGiff JC: Role of cytochrome P450-dependent arachidonic acid metabolites in liver physiology and pathophysiology. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2003 Oct;72(1-2):51-71. Pubmed: 14626496 Link_out
        4. Claria J, Arroyo V: Prostaglandins and other cyclooxygenase-dependent arachidonic acid metabolites and the kidney in liver disease. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2003 Oct;72(1-2):19-33. Pubmed: 14626494 Link_out
        5. Pantaleo P, Marra F, Vizzutti F, Spadoni S, Ciabattoni G, Galli C, La Villa G, Gentilini P, Laffi G: Effects of dietary supplementation with arachidonic acid on platelet and renal function in patients with cirrhosis. Clin Sci (Lond). 2004 Jan;106(1):27-34. Pubmed: 12877651 Link_out
        6. Hughes-Fulford M, Tjandrawinata RR, Li CF, Sayyah S: Arachidonic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid, induces cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 in prostate carcinoma cells. Carcinogenesis. 2005 Sep;26(9):1520-6. Epub 2005 May 5. Pubmed: 15878913 Link_out
        7. Kudolo GB, Wang W, Barrientos J, Elrod R, Blodgett J: The ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) inhibits arachidonic acid-mediated platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 production in healthy volunteers. J Herb Pharmacother. 2004;4(4):13-26. Pubmed: 15927922 Link_out
        8. Burke J, Kraft WK, Greenberg HE, Gleave M, Pitari GM, VanBuren S, Wagner JA, Waldman SA: Relationship of arachidonic acid concentration to cyclooxygenase-dependent human platelet aggregation. J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;43(9):983-9. Pubmed: 12971030 Link_out
        9. Carroll RC, Craft RM, Chavez JJ, Snider CC, Bresee SJ, Cohen E: A Thrombelastograph whole blood assay for clinical monitoring of NSAID-insensitive transcellular platelet activation by arachidonic acid. J Lab Clin Med. 2005 Jul;146(1):30-5. Pubmed: 16025089 Link_out
        10. Cuisset T, Frere C, Quilici J, Barbou F, Morange PE, Hovasse T, Bonnet JL, Alessi MC: High post-treatment platelet reactivity identified low-responders to dual antiplatelet therapy at increased risk of recurrent cardiovascular events after stenting for acute coronary syndrome. J Thromb Haemost. 2006 Mar;4(3):542-9. Epub 2005 Dec 22. Pubmed: 16371119 Link_out
        11. Arruzazabala ML, Mas R, Molina V, Carbajal D, Fernandez L, Illnait J, Castano G, Fernandez J, Mendoza S: Effects of d-003, a new substance purified from sugar cane wax, on platelet aggregation and plasma levels of arachidonic acid metabolites in healthy volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 2004;24(2-3):55-63. Pubmed: 15689052 Link_out
        12. Sinzinger H: Metabolites of arachidonic acid in activating platelets and their estimation by radionuclide techniques. Hell J Nucl Med. 2006 May-Aug;9(2):111; author reply 111-2. Pubmed: 16894418 Link_out
        13. Bringmann A, Schopf S, Faude F, Reichenbach A: Arachidonic acid-induced inhibition of Ca2+ channel currents in retinal glial (Muller) cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2001 Nov;239(11):859-64. Pubmed: 11789867 Link_out
        14. Eikelboom JW, Hankey GJ, Thom J, Claxton A, Yi Q, Gilmore G, Staton J, Barden A, Norman PE: Enhanced antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel in patients whose platelets are least inhibited by aspirin: a randomized crossover trial. J Thromb Haemost. 2005 Dec;3(12):2649-55. Pubmed: 16359503 Link_out
        15. Cox D, Maree AO, Dooley M, Conroy R, Byrne MF, Fitzgerald DJ: Effect of enteric coating on antiplatelet activity of low-dose aspirin in healthy volunteers. Stroke. 2006 Aug;37(8):2153-8. Epub 2006 Jun 22. Pubmed: 16794200 Link_out
        16. Yamada N, Miyamoto M, Isogaya M, Suzuki M, Ikezawa S, Ohno M, Otake A, Umemura K: TRA-418, a novel compound having both thromboxane A(2) receptor antagonistic and prostaglandin I(2) receptor agonistic activities: its antiplatelet effects in human and animal platelets. J Thromb Haemost. 2003 Aug;1(8):1813-9. Pubmed: 12911598 Link_out
        17. Markuszewski L, Rosiak M, Golanski J, Rysz J, Spychalska M, Watala C: Reduced blood platelet sensitivity to aspirin in coronary artery disease: are dyslipidaemia and inflammatory states possible factors predisposing to sub-optimal platelet response to aspirin? Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2006 May;98(5):503-9. Pubmed: 16635110 Link_out
        18. Payne DA, Jones CI, Hayes PD, Webster SE, Ross Naylor A, Goodall AH: Platelet inhibition by aspirin is diminished in patients during carotid surgery: a form of transient aspirin resistance? Thromb Haemost. 2004 Jul;92(1):89-96. Pubmed: 15213849 Link_out
        19. Kroetz DL, Xu F: Regulation and inhibition of arachidonic acid omega-hydroxylases and 20-HETE formation. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005;45:413-38. Pubmed: 15822183 Link_out
        20. Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. Pubmed: 19212411 Link_out
        Enzymes
        Name: Fatty acid synthase
        Reactions:
        • a (3R)-3-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = a hexadec-2-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O [RN:R04462]
        Gene Name: FASN
        Uniprot ID: P49327 Link_out
        Protein Sequence: FASTA
        Gene Sequence: FASTA
        Name: Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2
        Reactions:
        • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
        Gene Name: PLA2G5
        Uniprot ID: P39877 Link_out
        Protein Sequence: FASTA
        Gene Sequence: FASTA
        Name: Group IIF secretory phospholipase A2
        Reactions:
        • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
        Gene Name: PLA2G2F
        Uniprot ID: Q9BZM2 Link_out
        Protein Sequence: FASTA
        Gene Sequence: FASTA
        Name: Cytosolic phospholipase A2
        Reactions:
        • 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R07291]
        Gene Name: PLA2G4A
        Uniprot ID: P47712 Link_out
        Protein Sequence: FASTA
        Gene Sequence: FASTA
        Name: Phospholipase A2
        Reactions:
        • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
        Gene Name: PLA2G1B
        Uniprot ID: P04054 Link_out
        Protein Sequence: FASTA
        Gene Sequence: FASTA
        Name: Group XIIB secretory phospholipase A2-like protein
        Reactions:
          Gene Name: PLA2G12B
          Uniprot ID: Q9BX93 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Group 10 secretory phospholipase A2
          Reactions:
          • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
          Gene Name: PLA2G10
          Uniprot ID: O15496 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Galactoside-binding soluble lectin 13
          Reactions:
          • 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R07291]
          Gene Name: LGALS13
          Uniprot ID: Q9UHV8 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Group IIE secretory phospholipase A2
          Reactions:
          • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
          Gene Name: PLA2G2E
          Uniprot ID: Q9NZK7 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2
          Reactions:
          • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
          Gene Name: PLA2G12A
          Uniprot ID: Q9BZM1 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: 85 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2
          Reactions:
          • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
          Gene Name: PLA2G6
          Uniprot ID: O60733 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Eosinophil lysophospholipase
          Reactions:
          • 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R07291]
          Gene Name: CLC
          Uniprot ID: Q05315 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Phospholipase A2, membrane associated
          Reactions:
          • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
          Gene Name: PLA2G2A
          Uniprot ID: P14555 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Group IID secretory phospholipase A2
          Reactions:
          • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
          Gene Name: PLA2G2D
          Uniprot ID: Q9UNK4 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase
          Reactions:
          • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
          Gene Name: PNLIP
          Uniprot ID: P16233 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Hepatic triacylglycerol lipase
          Reactions:
          • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
          Gene Name: LIPC
          Uniprot ID: P11150 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Pancreatic lipase-related protein 1
          Reactions:
          • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
          Gene Name: PNLIPRP1
          Uniprot ID: P54315 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3
          Reactions:
          • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
          Gene Name: PNPLA3
          Uniprot ID: Q9NST1 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Gastric triacylglycerol lipase
          Reactions:
          • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
          Gene Name: LIPF
          Uniprot ID: P07098 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Endothelial lipase
          Reactions:
          • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
          Gene Name: LIPG
          Uniprot ID: Q9Y5X9 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Bile salt-activated lipase
          Reactions:
          • a steryl ester + H2O = a sterol + a fatty acid [RN:R02115]
          Gene Name: CEL
          Uniprot ID: P19835 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Pancreatic lipase-related protein 2
          Reactions:
          • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
          Gene Name: PNLIPRP2
          Uniprot ID: P54317 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Lipoprotein lipase
          Reactions:
          • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
          Gene Name: LPL
          Uniprot ID: P06858 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 4A11
          Reactions:
          • octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O [RN:R02879]
          Gene Name: CYP4A11
          Uniprot ID: Q02928 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Liver carboxylesterase 1
          Reactions:
          • a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate [RN:R00630]
          Gene Name: CES1
          Uniprot ID: P23141 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Carboxylesterase 2
          Reactions:
          • a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate [RN:R00630]
          Gene Name: CES2
          Uniprot ID: O00748 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cholinesterase
          Reactions:
          • an acylcholine + H2O = choline + a carboxylate [RN:R01029]
          Gene Name: BCHE
          Uniprot ID: P06276 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma
          Reactions:
          • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
          Gene Name: PLA2G4C
          Uniprot ID: Q9UP65 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Hormone-sensitive lipase
          Reactions:
          • (1) diacylglycerol + H2O = monoacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R05209]
          • (2) triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
          • (3) monoacylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R07293]
          Gene Name: LIPE
          Uniprot ID: Q05469 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Group 3 secretory phospholipase A2
          Reactions:
          • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
          Gene Name: PLA2G3
          Uniprot ID: Q9NZ20 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase
          Reactions:
          • palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate [RN:R01274]
          Gene Name: BAAT
          Uniprot ID: Q14032 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Acylphosphatase-2
          Reactions:
          • an acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate [RN:R00539]
          Gene Name: ACYP2
          Uniprot ID: P14621 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Acylphosphatase-1
          Reactions:
          • an acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate [RN:R00539]
          Gene Name: ACYP1
          Uniprot ID: P07311 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Aminoacylase-1
          Reactions:
          • an N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = a carboxylate + an L-amino acid [RN:R01263]
          Gene Name: ACY1
          Uniprot ID: Q03154 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Aspartoacylase
          Reactions:
          • N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a carboxylate + L-aspartate [RN:R00546]
          Gene Name: ASPA
          Uniprot ID: P45381 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Aspartoacylase-2
          Reactions:
          • --- []
          Gene Name: ACY3
          Uniprot ID: Q96HD9 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
          Reactions:
          • (1) arachidonate + O2 = (5S,6S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5,6-epoxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoate + H2O (overall reaction) [RN:R08527]
          • (2) (1a) arachidonate + O2 = (5S,6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroperoxyicosa-6,8,11,14-tetraenoate [RN:R01595]
          • (3) (1b) (5S,6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroperoxyicosa-6,8,11,14-tetraenoate = (5S,6S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5,6-epoxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoate + H2O [RN:R03058]
          Gene Name: ALOX5
          Uniprot ID: P09917 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase B
          Reactions:
          • arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-(15S)-15-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoate [RN:R01593]
          Gene Name: ALOX15B
          Uniprot ID: O15296 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12S-type
          Reactions:
          • arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-(12S)-12-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoate [RN:R01596]
          Gene Name: ALOX12
          Uniprot ID: P18054 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
          Reactions:
          • arachidonate + AH2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O [RN:R01599]
          Gene Name: PTGS2
          Uniprot ID: P35354 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1
          Reactions:
          • arachidonate + AH2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O [RN:R01599]
          Gene Name: PTGS1
          Uniprot ID: P23219 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase
          Reactions:
          • arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-(15S)-15-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoate [RN:R01593]
          Gene Name: ALOX15
          Uniprot ID: P16050 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Leukotriene-B(4) omega-hydroxylase 2
          Reactions:
          • (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-(5S,12R)-5,12-dihydroxyicosa-6,8,10,14-tetraenoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-(5S,12R)-5,12,20-trihydroxyicosa-6,8,10,14- tetraenoate + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R03866]
          Gene Name: CYP4F3
          Uniprot ID: Q08477 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 3A4
          Reactions:
          • (1) taurochenodeoxycholate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = taurohyocholate + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R07205]
          • (2) lithocholate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = hyodeoxycholate + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R07206]
          Gene Name: CYP3A4
          Uniprot ID: P08684 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2C9
          Reactions:
          • (R)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (+)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R06119]
          Gene Name: CYP2C9
          Uniprot ID: P11712 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2C19
          Reactions:
          • (R)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (+)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O [RN:R06119]
          Gene Name: CYP2C19
          Uniprot ID: P33261 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase
          Reactions:
          • palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate [RN:R01274]
          Gene Name: ACOT7
          Uniprot ID: O00154 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 2, mitochondrial
          Reactions:
          • palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate [RN:R01274]
          Gene Name: ACOT2
          Uniprot ID: P49753 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 4
          Reactions:
          • palmitoyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + palmitate [RN:R01274]
          Gene Name: ACOT4
          Uniprot ID: Q8N9L9 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8
          Reactions:
          • choloyl-CoA + H2O = cholate + CoA [RN:R07296]
          Gene Name: ACOT8
          Uniprot ID: O14734 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Acid ceramidase
          Reactions:
          • N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a carboxylate + sphingosine [RN:R01493]
          Gene Name: ASAH1
          Uniprot ID: Q13510 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 1
          Reactions:
          • ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein [RN:R00162]
          Gene Name: HIPK1
          Uniprot ID: Q86Z02 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2E1
          Reactions:
          • --- []
          Gene Name: CYP2E1
          Uniprot ID: P05181 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 3A43
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP3A43
          Uniprot ID: Q9HB55 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 1B1
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP1B1
          Uniprot ID: Q16678 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2C18
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP2C18
          Uniprot ID: P33260 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2F1
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP2F1
          Uniprot ID: P24903 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 4X1
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP4X1
          Uniprot ID: Q8N118 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2B6
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP2B6
          Uniprot ID: P20813 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 3A5
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP3A5
          Uniprot ID: P20815 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2A13
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP2A13
          Uniprot ID: Q16696 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 3A7
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP3A7
          Uniprot ID: P24462 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 4B1
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP4B1
          Uniprot ID: P13584 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 4Z1
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP4Z1
          Uniprot ID: Q86W10 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 1A2
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP1A2
          Uniprot ID: P05177 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 19A1
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP19A1
          Uniprot ID: P11511 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2C8
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP2C8
          Uniprot ID: P10632 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2S1
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP2S1
          Uniprot ID: Q96SQ9 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2J2
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP2J2
          Uniprot ID: P51589 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2A7
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP2A7
          Uniprot ID: P20853 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Cytochrome P450 2A6
          Reactions:
          • RH + reduced flavoprotein + O2 = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H2O [RN:R04122]
          Gene Name: CYP2A6
          Uniprot ID: P11509 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
          Reactions:
          • --- []
          Gene Name: PPARG
          Uniprot ID: P37231 Link_out
          Protein Sequence: FASTA
          Gene Sequence: FASTA
          Name: Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 6
          Reactions:
            Gene Name: SLC27A6
            Uniprot ID: Q9Y2P4 Link_out
            Protein Sequence: FASTA
            Gene Sequence: FASTA
            Name: Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R-type
            Reactions:
              Gene Name: ALOX12B
              Uniprot ID: O75342 Link_out
              Protein Sequence: FASTA
              Gene Sequence: FASTA
              Name: Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 3
              Reactions:
                Gene Name: SLC27A3
                Uniprot ID: Q5K4L6 Link_out
                Protein Sequence: FASTA
                Gene Sequence: FASTA
                Name: Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 4
                Reactions:
                • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
                Gene Name: PNPLA4
                Uniprot ID: P41247 Link_out
                Protein Sequence: FASTA
                Gene Sequence: FASTA
                Name: Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4
                Reactions:
                  Gene Name: SLC27A4
                  Uniprot ID: Q6P1M0 Link_out
                  Protein Sequence: FASTA
                  Gene Sequence: FASTA
                  Name: Cytochrome P450 4A22
                  Reactions:
                  • octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O [RN:R02879]
                  Gene Name: CYP4A22
                  Uniprot ID: Q5TCH4 Link_out
                  Protein Sequence: FASTA
                  Gene Sequence: FASTA
                  Name: 60 kDa lysophospholipase
                  Reactions:
                  • L-asparagine + H2O = L-aspartate + NH3 [RN:R00485]
                  Gene Name: ASPG
                  Uniprot ID: Q86U10 Link_out
                  Protein Sequence: FASTA
                  Gene Sequence: FASTA
                  Name: Phospholipase B1, membrane-associated
                  Reactions:
                  • 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R07291]
                  Gene Name: PLB1
                  Uniprot ID: Q6P1J6 Link_out
                  Protein Sequence: FASTA
                  Gene Sequence: FASTA
                  Name: Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2
                  Reactions:
                  • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
                  Gene Name: PNPLA2
                  Uniprot ID: Q96AD5 Link_out
                  Protein Sequence: FASTA
                  Gene Sequence: FASTA
                  Name: Cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1
                  Reactions:
                    Gene Name: CYP1A1
                    Uniprot ID: A0N0X8 Link_out
                    Protein Sequence: FASTA
                    Gene Sequence: FASTA
                    Name: Cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta
                    Reactions:
                    • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
                    Gene Name: PLA2G4D
                    Uniprot ID: Q86XP0 Link_out
                    Protein Sequence: FASTA
                    Gene Sequence: FASTA
                    Name: Cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon
                    Reactions:
                    • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
                    Gene Name: PLA2G4E
                    Uniprot ID: Q3MJ16 Link_out
                    Protein Sequence: FASTA
                    Name: Cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta
                    Reactions:
                    • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
                    Gene Name: PLA2G4F
                    Uniprot ID: Q68DD2 Link_out
                    Protein Sequence: FASTA
                    Gene Sequence: FASTA
                    Name: Calcium-independent phospholipase A2-gamma
                    Reactions:
                    • 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R07291]
                    Gene Name: PNPLA8
                    Uniprot ID: Q9NP80 Link_out
                    Protein Sequence: FASTA
                    Gene Sequence: FASTA
                    Name: Cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta
                    Reactions:
                    • phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R01313]
                    Gene Name: PLA2G4B
                    Uniprot ID: P0C869 Link_out
                    Protein Sequence: FASTA
                    Gene Sequence: FASTA
                    Name: Putative neutral ceramidase C
                    Reactions:
                    • N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a carboxylate + sphingosine [RN:R01493]
                    Gene Name: ASAH2C
                    Uniprot ID: P0C7U2 Link_out
                    Protein Sequence: FASTA
                    Gene Sequence: FASTA
                    Name: Alkaline ceramidase 2
                    Reactions:
                    • N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a carboxylate + sphingosine [RN:R01493]
                    Gene Name: ACER2
                    Uniprot ID: Q5QJU3 Link_out
                    Protein Sequence: FASTA
                    Gene Sequence: FASTA
                    Name: Neutral ceramidase
                    Reactions:
                    • N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a carboxylate + sphingosine [RN:R01493]
                    Gene Name: ASAH2
                    Uniprot ID: Q9NR71 Link_out
                    Protein Sequence: FASTA
                    Gene Sequence: FASTA
                    Name: Cytochrome P450 2D6
                    Reactions:
                      Gene Name: CYP2D6
                      Uniprot ID: Q6NWU0 Link_out
                      Protein Sequence: FASTA
                      Gene Sequence: FASTA
                      Name: Carboxylesterase 7
                      Reactions:
                      • a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate [RN:R00630]
                      Gene Name: CES7
                      Uniprot ID: Q6NT32 Link_out
                      Protein Sequence: FASTA
                      Gene Sequence: FASTA
                      Name: Alkaline ceramidase 1
                      Reactions:
                      • N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a carboxylate + sphingosine [RN:R01493]
                      Gene Name: ACER1
                      Uniprot ID: Q8TDN7 Link_out
                      Protein Sequence: FASTA
                      Gene Sequence: FASTA
                      Name: Neuropathy target esterase
                      Reactions:
                      • 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate [RN:R07291]
                      Gene Name: PNPLA6
                      Uniprot ID: Q8IY17 Link_out
                      Protein Sequence: FASTA
                      Gene Sequence: FASTA
                      Name: Oxoeicosanoid receptor 1
                      Reactions:
                        Gene Name: OXER1
                        Uniprot ID: Q8TDS5 Link_out
                        Protein Sequence: FASTA
                        Gene Sequence: FASTA
                        Name: Pancreatic lipase-related protein 3
                        Reactions:
                        • triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate [RN:R01369]
                        Gene Name: PNLIPRP3
                        Uniprot ID: Q17RR3 Link_out
                        Protein Sequence: FASTA
                        Gene Sequence: FASTA
                        Name: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B isoform a variant
                        Reactions:
                          Gene Name: Not Available
                          Uniprot ID: Q53FV7 Link_out
                          Protein Sequence: FASTA
                          Gene Sequence: FASTA
                          Name: Carboxylesterase 3
                          Reactions:
                          • a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylate [RN:R00630]
                          Gene Name: CES3
                          Uniprot ID: Q6UWW8 Link_out
                          Protein Sequence: FASTA
                          Gene Sequence: FASTA
                          Name: CREB3L2-PPARgamma
                          Reactions:
                            Gene Name: Not Available
                            Uniprot ID: Q86WD1 Link_out
                            Protein Sequence: FASTA
                            Gene Sequence: FASTA
                            Name: ADFP protein
                            Reactions:
                              Gene Name: ADFP
                              Uniprot ID: Q6FHZ7 Link_out
                              Protein Sequence: FASTA
                              Gene Sequence: FASTA
                              Name: Peroxisome proliferator activated-receptor gamma
                              Reactions:
                                Gene Name: ppar gamma2
                                Uniprot ID: Q9UEF6 Link_out
                                Protein Sequence: FASTA
                                Gene Sequence: FASTA
                                Name: Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma isoform 2 variant
                                Reactions:
                                  Gene Name: Not Available
                                  Uniprot ID: Q53EW1 Link_out
                                  Protein Sequence: FASTA
                                  Gene Sequence: FASTA
                                  Name: CPT1B protein
                                  Reactions:
                                    Gene Name: CPT1B
                                    Uniprot ID: A2RRE8 Link_out
                                    Protein Sequence: FASTA
                                    Gene Sequence: FASTA
                                    Name: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
                                    Reactions:
                                      Gene Name: PPARG
                                      Uniprot ID: Q6L9M1 Link_out
                                      Protein Sequence: FASTA
                                      Gene Sequence: FASTA
                                      Name: CPT1B protein
                                      Reactions:
                                        Gene Name: CPT1B
                                        Uniprot ID: A5PLL0 Link_out
                                        Protein Sequence: FASTA
                                        Gene Sequence: FASTA
                                        Transporters
                                        Name: Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1
                                        Reactions:
                                        • --- []
                                        Gene Name: SLC27A1
                                        Uniprot ID: Q6PCB7 Link_out
                                        Protein Sequence: FASTA
                                        Gene Sequence: FASTA
                                        Name: Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1
                                        Reactions:
                                        • Bicarbonate[c] + Prostaglandin E1[e] <==> Bicarbonate[e] + Prostaglandin E1[c]
                                        Gene Name: SLCO2A1
                                        Uniprot ID: Q92959 Link_out
                                        Protein Sequence: FASTA
                                        Gene Sequence: FASTA