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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for S-Lactoylglutathione (HMDB01066)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2009-05-05 20:58:28
Accession Number HMDB01066
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name S-Lactoylglutathione
Description S-Lactoylglutathione is a substrate of lactoylglutathione lyase [EC 4.4.1.5] in pyruvate metabolism (KEGG). Another enzyme, glyoxalase I, synthesizes this compound by converting methylglyoxal and reduced glutathione to S-lactoylglutathione. S-D-lactoylglutathione can be hydrolysed by thiolesterases to reduced glutathione and D-lactate but also converted to N-D-lactoylcysteinylglycine and N-D-lactoylcysteine by gamma-glutamyl transferase and dipeptidase (PMID: 8632674). S-lactoylglutathione has also been shown to modulate microtubule assembly (PMID: 690442).
Synonyms
  1. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione
  2. S-lactoyl-glutathione
  3. D-lactoylglutathione
  4. n-(n-l-gamma-glutamyl-S-(2-hydroxy-1-oxopropyl)-l-cysteinyl)-glycine
  5. S-D-lactoylglutathione
  6. S-lactate glutathione
  7. S-lactateglutathione
  8. S-lactylglutathione
  9. S-D-lactoyl-glutathione
  10. S-[(2R)-2-hydroxypropanoyl]-gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine
  11. delta-lactoylglutathione
  12. S-delta-lactoylglutathione
  13. S-delta-lactoyl-glutathione
Chemical IUPAC Name (2S)-2-amino-4-[[(1R)-1-(carboxymethylcarbamoyl)-2-(2-hydroxypropanoylsulfanyl)ethyl]carbamoyl]butanoic acid
Chemical Formula C13H21N3O8S
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Amino acids and Amino Acid conjugates
Class
  • Polypeptides
Sub Class
  • Tetrapeptides
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • secondary alcohol
  • primary amine
  • primary aliphatic amine (alkylamine)
  • carboxylic acid
  • secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • thiocarboxylic acid ester
  • alpha-aminoacid
Biofunction
  • Component of Pyruvate metabolism
Application
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 379.386
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 379.104950
Isomeric SMILES C[C@@H](O)C(=O)SC[C@H](NC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(O)=O
Canonical SMILES CC(O)C(=O)SCC(NC(=O)CCC(N)C(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(O)=O
KEGG Compound ID C03451 Link Image
BioCyc ID S-LACTOYL-GLUTATHIONE Link Image
BiGG ID 41876 Link Image
Wikipedia Link Not Available
NuGOwiki Link HMDB01066 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB01066 Link Image
METLIN ID 5979 Link Image
PubChem Compound 119450 Link Image
PubChem Substance 8143378 Link Image
ChEBI ID 15694 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 25138-66-3
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C13H21N3O8S/c1-6(17)13(24)25-5-8(11(21)15-4-10(19)20)16-9(18)3-2-7(14)12(22)23/h6-8,17H,2-5,14H2,1H3,(H,15,21)(H,16,18)(H,19,20)(H,22,23)/t6-,7+,8+/m1/s1
Synthesis Reference Liu, Yan; Hama, Hideki; Fujita, Yasuya; Kondo, Akihiko; Inoue, Yoshiharu; Kimura, Akira; Fu Production of S-lactoylglutathione by high activity whole cell biocatalysts prepared by permeabilization of recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae with alcohols.
Melting Point (Experimental) Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 7.55 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge -1
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity -2.88 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; -7.2 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Not Available
MOL File Show Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Not Available
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum Not Available
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Not Available
BMRB Spectrum Not Available
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)
  • mitochondria
Biofluid Location Not Available
Tissue Location Not Available
Concentrations (Normal) Not Available
Concentrations (Abnormal) Not Available
Associated Disorders Not Available
OMIM ID Not Available
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Pyruvaldehyde Degradation SMP00459 Link Image
Pyruvate Metabolism SMP00060 Link Image map00620 Link Image
General References
  1. Edwards LG, Adesida A, Thornalley PJ: Inhibition of human leukaemia 60 cell growth by S-D-lactoylglutathione in vitro. Mediation by metabolism to N-D-lactoylcysteine and induction of apoptosis. Leuk Res. 1996 Jan;20(1):17-26. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Thornalley PJ: Advances in glyoxalase research. Glyoxalase expression in malignancy, anti-proliferative effects of methylglyoxal, glyoxalase I inhibitor diesters and S-D-lactoylglutathione, and methylglyoxal-modified protein binding and endocytosis by the advanced glycation endproduct receptor. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 1995 Aug;20(1-2):99-128. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Irsch T, Krauth-Siegel RL: Glyoxalase II of African trypanosomes is trypanothione-dependent. J Biol Chem. 2004 May 21;279(21):22209-17. Epub 2004 Feb 19. [PubMed Link Image]
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Lactoylglutathione lyase
  2. Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial
  3. Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase-like protein
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5629
Enzyme 1 Name Lactoylglutathione lyase
Enzyme 1 Synonyms
  1. Aldoketomutase
  2. Glyoxalase I
  3. Glx I
  4. Ketone-aldehyde mutase
  5. Methylglyoxalase
  6. S-D-lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyase
Enzyme 1 Gene Name GLO1
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Lactoylglutathione lyase
MAEPQPPSGGLTDEAALSCCSDADPSTKDFLLQQTMLRVKDPKKSLDFYTRVLGMTLIQK
CDFPIMKFSLYFLAYEDKNDIPKEKDEKIAWALSRKATLELTHNWGTEDDETQSYHNGNS
DPRGFGHIGIAVPDVYSACKRFEELGVKFVKKPDDGKMKGLAFIQDPDGYWIEILNPNKM
ATLM
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 184
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 20777.5
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 4.92
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • carbon-sulfur lyase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • ion binding
  • lactoylglutathione lyase activity
  • lyase activity
  • metal ion binding
Process
Component
Enzyme 1 General Function Involved in lactoylglutathione lyase activity
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Catalyzes the conversion of hemimercaptal, formed from methylglyoxal and glutathione, to S-lactoylglutathione
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • (R)-S-lactoylglutathione = glutathione + methylglyoxal [RN:R02530]
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 5020074 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q04760 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LGUL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID 1QIP Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB File Show
Enzyme 1 3D Structure
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >555 bp
ATGGCAGAACCGCAGCCCCCGTCCGGCGGCCTCACGGACGAGGCCGCCCTCAGTTGCTGC
TCCGACGCGGACCCCAGTACCAAGGATTTTCTATTGCAGCAGACCATGCTACGAGTGAAG
GATCCTAAGAAGTCACTGGATTTTTATACTAGAGTTCTTGGAATGACGCTAATCCAAAAA
TGTGATTTTCCCATTATGAAGTTTTCACTCTACTTCTTGGCTTATGAGGATAAAAATGAC
ATCCCTAAAGAAAAAGATGAAAAAATAGCCTGGGCGCTCTCCAGAAAAGCTACACTTGAG
CTGACACACAATTGGGGCACTGAAGATGATGCGACCCAGAGTTACCACAATGGCAATTCA
GACCCTCGAGGATTCGGTCATATTGGAATTGCTGTTCCTGATGTATACAGTGCTTGTAAA
AGGTTTGAAGAACTGGGAGTCAAATTTGTGAAGAAACCTGATGATGGTAAAATGAAAGGC
CTGGCATTTATTCAAGATCCTGATGGCTACTGGATTGAAATTTTGAATCCTAACAAAATG
GCAACCTTAATGTAG
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID AF146651 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID GLO1 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID GLO1 Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:4323 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 1 Locus 6p21.3-p21.1
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Kim NS, Umezawa Y, Ohmura S, Kato S: Human glyoxalase I. cDNA cloning, expression, and sequence similarity to glyoxalase I from Pseudomonas putida. J Biol Chem. 1993 May 25;268(15):11217-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ranganathan S, Walsh ES, Godwin AK, Tew KD: Cloning and characterization of human colon glyoxalase-I. J Biol Chem. 1993 Mar 15;268(8):5661-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ridderstrom M, Mannervik B: Optimized heterologous expression of the human zinc enzyme glyoxalase I. Biochem J. 1996 Mar 1;314 ( Pt 2):463-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ranganathan S, Ciaccio PJ, Walsh ES, Tew KD: Genomic sequence of human glyoxalase-I: analysis of promoter activity and its regulation. Gene. 1999 Nov 15;240(1):149-55. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Cameron AD, Olin B, Ridderstrom M, Mannervik B, Jones TA: Crystal structure of human glyoxalase I--evidence for gene duplication and 3D domain swapping. EMBO J. 1997 Jun 16;16(12):3386-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Ridderstrom M, Cameron AD, Jones TA, Mannervik B: Involvement of an active-site Zn2+ ligand in the catalytic mechanism of human glyoxalase I. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):21623-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Cameron AD, Ridderstrom M, Olin B, Kavarana MJ, Creighton DJ, Mannervik B: Reaction mechanism of glyoxalase I explored by an X-ray crystallographic analysis of the human enzyme in complex with a transition state analogue. Biochemistry. 1999 Oct 12;38(41):13480-90. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 6092
Enzyme 2 Name Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. Glyoxalase II
  2. Glx II
Enzyme 2 Gene Name HAGH
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, mitochondrial
MVVGRGLLGRRSLAALGAACARRGLGPALLGVFCHTDLRKNLTVDEGTMKVEVLPALTDN
YMYLVIDDETKEAAIVDPVQPQKVVDAARKHGVKLTTVLTTHHHWDHAGGNEKLVKLESG
LKVYGGDDRIGALTHKITHLSTLQVGSLNVKCLATPCHTSGHICYFVSKPGGSEPPAVFT
GDTLFVAGCGKFYEGTADEMCKALLEVLGRLPPDTRVYCGHEYTINNLKFARHVEPGNAA
IREKLAWAKEKYSIGEPTVPSTLAEEFTYNPFMRVREKTVQQHAGETDPVTTMRAVRREK
DQFKMPRD
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 308
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 33805.6
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 8.23
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase activity
  • ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • thiolester hydrolase activity
  • transition metal ion binding
  • zinc ion binding
Process
Component
Enzyme 2 General Function Involved in hydrolase activity
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Thiolesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-D- lactoyl-glutathione to form glutathione and D-lactic acid
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • S-(2-hydroxyacyl)glutathione + H2O = glutathione + a 2-hydroxy carboxylate [RN:R04090]
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 94538322 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q16775 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GLO2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID 1QH3 Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB File Show
Enzyme 2 3D Structure
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >927 bp
ATGGTGGTGGGCCGAGGGCTGCTCGGCCGCCGCAGCCTCGCCGCGCTGGGAGCCGCCTGC
GCCCGCCGAGGCCTCGGTCCAGCCCTGCTGGGAGTTTTCTGCCACACAGATTTGCGGAAG
AACCTGACCGTGGACGAGGGCACCATGAAGGTAGAGGTGCTGCCTGCCCTGACCGACAAC
TACATGTACCTGGTCATTGATGATGAGACCAAGGAGGCTGCCATTGTGGATCCGGTGCAG
CCCCAGAAGGTCGTGGACGCGGCGAGAAAGCACGGGGTGAAACTGACCACAGTGCTCACC
ACCCACCACCACTGGGACCATGCTGGCGGGAATGAGAAACTGGTCAAGCTGGAGTCGGGA
CTGAAGGTGTACGGGGGTGACGACCGTATCGGGGCCCTGACTCACAAGATCACTCACCTG
TCCACACTGCAGGTGGGGTCTCTGAACGTCAAGTGCCTGGCGACCCCGTGCCACACTTCA
GGACACATTTGTTACTTCGTGAGCAAGCCCGGAGGCTCGGAGCCCCCTGCCGTGTTCACA
GGTGACACCTTGTTTGTGGCTGGCTGCGGGAAGTTCTATGAAGGGACTGCGGATGAGATG
TGTAAAGCTCTGCTGGAGGTCTTGGGCCGGCTCCCCCCGGACACAAGAGTCTACTGTGGC
CACGAGTACACCATCAACAACCTCAAGTTTGCACGCCACGTGGAGCCCGGCAATGCCGCC
ATCCGGGAGAAGCTGGCCTGGGCCAAGGAGAAGTACAGCATCGGGGAGCCCACAGTGCCA
TCCACCCTGGCAGAGGAGTTTACCTACAACCCCTTCATGAGAGTGAGGGAGAAGACGGTG
CAGCAGCACGCAGGTGAGACGGACCCGGTGACCACCATGCGGGCCGTGCGCAGGGAGAAG
GACCAGTTCAAGATGCCCCGGGACTGA
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID NM_005326.4 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID HAGH Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID HAGH Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:4805 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 2 Locus 16p13.3
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Daniels RJ, Peden JF, Lloyd C, Horsley SW, Clark K, Tufarelli C, Kearney L, Buckle VJ, Doggett NA, Flint J, Higgs DR: Sequence, structure and pathology of the fully annotated terminal 2 Mb of the short arm of human chromosome 16. Hum Mol Genet. 2001 Feb 15;10(4):339-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, Xie G, Hellsten U, Chan YM, Altherr M, Couronne O, Aerts A, Bajorek E, Black S, Blumer H, Branscomb E, Brown NC, Bruno WJ, Buckingham JM, Callen DF, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Campbell EW, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chasteen LA, Chertkov O, Chi HC, Christensen M, Clark LM, Cohn JD, Denys M, Detter JC, Dickson M, Dimitrijevic-Bussod M, Escobar J, Fawcett JJ, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Goodwin LA, Grady DL, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Hildebrand CE, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Jewett PB, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Krawczyk MC, Leyba T, Longmire JL, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Ludeman T, Manohar CF, Mark GA, McMurray KL, Meincke LJ, Morgan J, Moyzis RK, Mundt MO, Munk AC, Nandkeshwar RD, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Parson-Quintana B, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Ricke DO, Robinson DL, Rodriguez A, Salamov A, Saunders EH, Scott D, Shough T, Stallings RL, Stalvey M, Sutherland RD, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Torney DC, Tran-Gyamfi M, Tsai M, Ulanovsky LE, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, White PS, Williams AL, Wills PL, Wu JR, Wu K, Yang J, Dejong P, Bruce D, Doggett NA, Deaven L, Schmutz J, Grimwood J, Richardson P, Rokhsar DS, Eichler EE, Gilna P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Pennacchio LA: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16. Nature. 2004 Dec 23;432(7020):988-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ridderstrom M, Saccucci F, Hellman U, Bergman T, Principato G, Mannervik B: Molecular cloning, heterologous expression, and characterization of human glyoxalase II. J Biol Chem. 1996 Jan 5;271(1):319-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Cordell PA, Futers TS, Grant PJ, Pease RJ: The Human hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase (HAGH) gene encodes both cytosolic and mitochondrial forms of glyoxalase II. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jul 2;279(27):28653-61. Epub 2004 Apr 26. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Cameron AD, Ridderstrom M, Olin B, Mannervik B: Crystal structure of human glyoxalase II and its complex with a glutathione thiolester substrate analogue. Structure. 1999 Sep 15;7(9):1067-78. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 11578
Enzyme 3 Name Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase-like protein
Enzyme 3 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Name HAGHL
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase-like protein
MKVKVIPVLEDNYMYLVIEELTREAVAVDVAVPKRLLEIVGREGVSLTAVLTTHHHWDHA
RGNPELARLRPGLAVLGADERIFSLTRRLAHGEELRFGAIHVRCLLTPGHTAGHMSYFLW
EDDCPDPPALFSGDALSVAGCGSCLEGSAQQMYQSLAELGTLPPETKVFCGHEHTLSNLE
FAQKVEPCNDHVRAKLSWAKARPLSRRGKRVGGEGTGFGVGGALRQGLMVTGACGHSRRG
MRMTCPLCRRLWARSASTTPSCGWREYGCCPGASTVTWTLRKASGDCVLG
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 290
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 31557.1
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 8.27
Enzyme 3 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
Process
Component
Enzyme 3 General Function Involved in hydrolase activity
Enzyme 3 Specific Function Hydrolase acting on ester bonds (Potential)
Enzyme 3 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 3 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 46361987 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q6PII5 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name HAGHL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >873 bp
ATGAAGGTCAAGGTCATCCCCGTGCTCGAGGACAACTACATGTACCTGGTCATCGAGGAG
CTCACGCGCGAGGCGGTGGCCGTGGACGTGGCTGTGCCCAAGAGGCTGCTGGAGATCGTG
GGCCGGGAGGGGGTGTCTCTGACCGCTGTGCTGACCACCCACCATCACTGGGACCACGCG
CGGGGAAACCCGGAGCTGGCGCGGCTTCGTCCCGGGCTGGCGGTGCTGGGCGCGGACGAG
CGCATCTTCTCGCTGACGCGCAGGCTGGCGCACGGCGAGGAGCTGCGGTTCGGGGCCATC
CACGTGCGTTGCCTCCTGACGCCCGGCCACACCGCCGGCCACATGAGCTACTTCCTGTGG
GAGGACGATTGCCCGGACCCACCCGCCCTGTTCTCGGGCGACGCGCTGTCGGTGGCCGGC
TGCGGCTCGTGCCTGGAGGGCAGCGCCCAGCAGATGTACCAGAGCCTGGCCGAGCTGGGT
ACCCTGCCCCCCGAGACGAAGGTGTTCTGCGGCCACGAGCACACGCTTAGCAACCTGGAG
TTTGCCCAGAAAGTGGAGCCCTGCAACGACCACGTGAGAGCCAAGCTGTCCTGGGCTAAG
GCACGGCCCCTTTCCCGCCGCGGCAAGAGGGTGGGGGGGGAGGGAACAGGCTTCGGGGTG
GGGGGGGCTCTCAGACAAGGCCTAATGGTGACCGGGGCCTGTGGTCACTCCAGAAGAGGG
ATGAGGATGACGTGCCCACTGTGCCGTCGACTCTGGGCGAGGAGCGCCTCTACAACCCCT
TCCTGCGGGTGGCGTGAGTATGGCTGTTGTCCCGGGGCCTCCACCGTTACGTGGACCCTT
AGGAAGGCATCTGGGGACTGCGTGTTGGGCTGA
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID NM_207112.1 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID HAGHL Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID HAGHL Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:14177 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 3 Locus 16p13.3
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Daniels RJ, Peden JF, Lloyd C, Horsley SW, Clark K, Tufarelli C, Kearney L, Buckle VJ, Doggett NA, Flint J, Higgs DR: Sequence, structure and pathology of the fully annotated terminal 2 Mb of the short arm of human chromosome 16. Hum Mol Genet. 2001 Feb 15;10(4):339-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, Xie G, Hellsten U, Chan YM, Altherr M, Couronne O, Aerts A, Bajorek E, Black S, Blumer H, Branscomb E, Brown NC, Bruno WJ, Buckingham JM, Callen DF, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Campbell EW, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chasteen LA, Chertkov O, Chi HC, Christensen M, Clark LM, Cohn JD, Denys M, Detter JC, Dickson M, Dimitrijevic-Bussod M, Escobar J, Fawcett JJ, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Goodwin LA, Grady DL, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Hildebrand CE, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Jewett PB, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Krawczyk MC, Leyba T, Longmire JL, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Ludeman T, Manohar CF, Mark GA, McMurray KL, Meincke LJ, Morgan J, Moyzis RK, Mundt MO, Munk AC, Nandkeshwar RD, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Parson-Quintana B, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Ricke DO, Robinson DL, Rodriguez A, Salamov A, Saunders EH, Scott D, Shough T, Stallings RL, Stalvey M, Sutherland RD, Tapia R, Tesmer JG, Thayer N, Thompson LS, Tice H, Torney DC, Tran-Gyamfi M, Tsai M, Ulanovsky LE, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, White PS, Williams AL, Wills PL, Wu JR, Wu K, Yang J, Dejong P, Bruce D, Doggett NA, Deaven L, Schmutz J, Grimwood J, Richardson P, Rokhsar DS, Eichler EE, Gilna P, Lucas SM, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Pennacchio LA: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16. Nature. 2004 Dec 23;432(7020):988-94. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available