1. 2-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)-Propanal
2. 3-Phosphoglyceraldehyde
3. D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
4. D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphic acid
5. D-glyceraldehyde-3-P
6. DL-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
7. GAP
8. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
9. glyceraldehyde-3-P
10. glyceraldehyde-P
11. glyceraldehyde-phosphate

• Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)

• Blood
• Cellular Cytoplasm

1. Modun B, Morrissey J, Williams P: The staphylococcal transferrin receptor: a glycolytic enzyme with novel functions. Trends Microbiol. 2000 May;8(5):231-7. [PubMed ]
2. Zhang J, Jung K, Lein M, Kristiansen G, Rudolph B, Hauptmann S, Schnorr D, Loening SA, Lichtinghagen R: Differential expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in human primary cultured prostatic cells and malignant prostate cell lines. Prostate. 2002 Jan 1;50(1):38-45. [PubMed ]
3. Kogler H, Schott P, Toischer K, Milting H, Van PN, Kohlhaas M, Grebe C, Kassner A, Domeier E, Teucher N, Seidler T, Knoll R, Maier LS, El-Banayosy A, Korfer R, Hasenfuss G: Relevance of brain natriuretic peptide in preload-dependent regulation of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase expression. Circulation. 2006 Jun 13;113(23):2724-32. Epub 2006 Jun 5. [PubMed ]
4. Yang Y, Hou Y, Wang CL, Ji SJ: Renal expression of epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta1 in children with congenital hydronephrosis. Urology. 2006 Apr;67(4):817-21; discussion 821-2. [PubMed ]
5. Yamamoto T, Moriwaki Y, Takahashi S, Ohata H, Nakano T, Yamakita J, Higashino K: Effect of glucagon on the xylitol-induced increase in the plasma concentration and urinary excretion of purine bases. Metabolism. 1996 Nov;45(11):1354-9. [PubMed ]
6. Nakayama Y, Kinoshita A, Tomita M: Dynamic simulation of red blood cell metabolism and its application to the analysis of a pathological condition. Theor Biol Med Model. 2005 May 9;2(1):18. [PubMed ]
7. Choei H, Sasaki N, Takeuchi M, Yoshida T, Ukai W, Yamagishi S, Kikuchi S, Saito T: Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 2004 Sep;108(3):189-93. Epub 2004 Jun 17. [PubMed ]
8. Harper LV, Hilton AC, Jones AF: RT-PCR for the pseudogene-free amplification of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (gapd). Mol Cell Probes. 2003 Oct;17(5):261-5. [PubMed ]
9. Wikipedia

1. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific
2. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
3. Transaldolase
4. Transketolase
5. Putative deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase
6. Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A
7. Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C
8. Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase B
9. Triosephosphate isomerase
10. cDNA FLJ76204, highly similar to Homo sapiens transketolase
11. Triosephosphate isomerase
12. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
13. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
14. Triosephosphate isomerase

1. Spermatogenic cell-specific glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2
2. GAPDH-2
3. Spermatogenic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

MSKRDIVLTNVTVVQLLRQPCPVTRAPPPPEPKAEVEPQPQPEPTPVREEIKPPPPPLPP
HPATPPPKMVSVARELTVGINGFGRIGRLVLRACMEKGVKVVAVNDPFIDPEYMVYMFKY
DSTHGRYKGSVEFRNGQLVVDNHEISVYQCKEPKQIPWRAVGSPYVVESTGVYLSIQAAS
DHISAGAQRVVISAPSPDAPMFVMGVNENDYNPGSMNIVSNASCTTNCLAPLAKVIHERF
GIVEGLMTTVHSYTATQKTVDGPSRKAWRDGRGAHQNIIPASTGAAKAVTKVIPELKGKL
TGMAFRVPTPDVSVVDLTCRLAQPAPYSAIKEAVKAAAKGPMAGILAYTEDEVVSTDFLG
DTHSSIFDAKAGIALNDNFVKLISWYDNEYGYSHRVVDLLRYMFSRDK

• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )

• D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH + H+ [RN:R01061]

• Gp_dh_C (PF02800 )
• Gp_dh_N (PF00044 )

• None

• None

ATGTCGAAGCGCGACATCGTCCTCACCAATGTCACCGTTGTCCAGTTGCTGCGACAGCCG
TGCCCGGTGACCAGAGCACCGCCCCCACCTGAGCCTAAGGCTGAAGTAGAGCCCCAGCCA
CAACCAGAGCCCACACCAGTCAGGGAGGAAATAAAGCCACCACCGCCACCACTGCCTCCT
CACCCCGCTACTCCTCCTCCTAAGATGGTGTCTGTGGCCCGGGAGCTGACTGTGGGCATC
AATGGATTTGGACGCATCGGTCGCCTGGTCCTGCGCGCCTGCATGGAGAAGGGTGTTAAG
GTGGTGGCTGTGAATGATCCATTCATTGACCCGGAATACATGGTGTACATGTTTAAGTAT
GACTCCACCCACGGCCGATACAAGGGAAGTGTGGAATTCAGGAATGGACAACTGGTCGTG
GACAACCATGAGATCTCTGTCTACCAGTGCAAAGAGCCCAAACAGATCCCCTGGAGGGCT
GTCGGGAGCCCCTACGTGGTGGAGTCCACAGGCGTGTACCTCTCCATACAGGCAGCTTCG
GACCACATCTCTGCAGGTGCTCAACGTGTGGTCATCTCCGCGCCCTCACCGGATGCACCA
ATGTTCGTCATGGGTGTCAATGAAAATGACTATAACCCTGGCTCCATGAACATTGTGAGC
AACGCGTCCTGCACCACCAACTGTTTGGCTCCCCTCGCCAAAGTCATCCACGAGCGATTT
GGGATCGTGGAAGGGTTGATGACCACAGTCCATTCCTACACGGCCACCCAGAAGACAGTG
GACGGGCCATCAAGGAAGGCCTGGCGAGATGGGCGGGGTGCCCACCAGAACATCATCCCA
GCCTCCACTGGGGCTGCGAAAGCTGTGACCAAAGTCATCCCAGAGCTCAAAGGGAAGCTG
ACAGGGATGGCGTTCCGGGTACCAACCCCGGATGTGTCTGTCGTGGACCTGACCTGCCGC
CTCGCCCAGCCTGCCCCCTACTCAGCCATCAAGGAGGCTGTAAAAGCAGCAGCCAAGGGG
CCCATGGCTGGCATCCTTGCCTACACCGAGGATGAGGTCGTCTCTACGGACTTCCTCGGT
GATACCCACTCGTCCATCTTCGATGCTAAGGCCGGCATTGCGCTCAATGACAATTTCGTG
AAGCTCATTTCATGGTACGACAACGAATATGGCTACAGTCACCGGGTGGTCGACCTCCTC
CGCTACATGTTCAGCCGAGACAAGTGA

1. Welch JE, Brown PL, O'Brien DA, Magyar PL, Bunch DO, Mori C, Eddy EM: Human glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase-2 gene is expressed specifically in spermatogenic cells. J Androl. 2000 Mar-Apr;21(2):328-38. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Grimwood J, Gordon LA, Olsen A, Terry A, Schmutz J, Lamerdin J, Hellsten U, Goodstein D, Couronne O, Tran-Gyamfi M, Aerts A, Altherr M, Ashworth L, Bajorek E, Black S, Branscomb E, Caenepeel S, Carrano A, Caoile C, Chan YM, Christensen M, Cleland CA, Copeland A, Dalin E, Dehal P, Denys M, Detter JC, Escobar J, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Garcia C, Georgescu AM, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Ho I, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Larionov V, Leem SH, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Malfatti S, Martinez D, McCready P, Medina C, Morgan J, Nelson K, Nolan M, Ovcharenko I, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Popkie AP, Predki P, Quan G, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Rodriguez A, Rogers S, Salamov A, Salazar A, She X, Smith D, Slezak T, Solovyev V, Thayer N, Tice H, Tsai M, Ustaszewska A, Vo N, Wagner M, Wheeler J, Wu K, Xie G, Yang J, Dubchak I, Furey TS, DeJong P, Dickson M, Gordon D, Eichler EE, Pennacchio LA, Richardson P, Stubbs L, Rokhsar DS, Myers RM, Rubin EM, Lucas SM: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19. Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):529-35. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Neuhaus EM, Mashukova A, Barbour J, Wolters D, Hatt H: Novel function of beta-arrestin2 in the nucleus of mature spermatozoa. J Cell Sci. 2006 Aug 1;119(Pt 15):3047-56. Epub 2006 Jul 4. [PubMed ]

1. GAPDH

MGKVKVGVNGFGRIGRLVTRAAFNSGKVDIVAINDPFIDLNYMVYMFQYDSTHGKFHGTV
KAENGKLVINGNPITIFQERDPSKIKWGDAGAEYVVESTGVFTTMEKAGAHLQGGAKRVI
ISAPSADAPMFVMGVNHEKYDNSLKIISNASCTTNCLAPLAKVIHDNFGIVEGLMTTVHA
ITATQKTVDGPSGKLWRDGRGALQNIIPASTGAAKAVGKVIPELNGKLTGMAFRVPTANV
SVVDLTCRLEKPAKYDDIKKVVKQASEGPLKGILGYTEHQVVSSDFNSDTHSSTFDAGAG
IALNDHFVKLISWYDNEFGYSNRVVDLMAHMASKE

• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )

• D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH + H+ [RN:R01061]

• Gp_dh_C (PF02800 )
• Gp_dh_N (PF00044 )

• None

• None

ATGGGGAAGGTGAAGGTCGGAGTCAACGGATTTGGTCGTATTGGGCGCCTGGTCACCAGG
GCTGCTTTTAACTCTGGTAAAGTGGATATTGTTGCCATCAATGACCCCTTCATTGACCTC
AACTACATGGTTTACATGTTCCAATATGATTCCACCCATGGCAAATTCCATGGCACCGTC
AAGGCTGAGAACGGGAAGCTTGTCATCAATGGAAATCCCATCACCATCTTCCAGGAGCGA
GATCCCTCCAAAATCAAGTGGGGCGATGCTGGCGCTGAGTACGTCGTGGAGTCCACTGGC
GTCTTCACCACCATGGAGAAGGCTGGGGCTCATTTGCAGGGGGGAGCCAAAAGGGTCATC
ATCTCTGCCCCCTCTGCTGATGCCCCCATGTTCGTCATGGGTGTGAACCATGAGAAGTAT
GACAACAGCCTCAAGATCATCAGCAATGCCTCCTGCACCACCAACTGCTTAGCACCCCTG
GCCAAGGTCATCCATGACAACTTTGGTATCGTGGAAGGACTCATGACCACAGTCCATGCC
ATCACTGCCACCCAGAAGACTGTGGATGGCCCCTCCGGGAAACTGTGGCGTGATGGCCGC
GGGGCTCTCCAGAACATCATCCCTGCCTCTACTGGCGCTGCCAAGGCTGTGGGCAAGGTC
ATCCCTGAGCTGAACGGGAAGCTCACTGGCATGGCCTTCCGTGTCCCCACTGCCAACGTG
TCAGTGGTGGACCTGACCTGCCGTCTAGAAAAACCTGCCAAATATGATGACATCAAGAAG
GTGGTGAAGCAGGCGTCGGAGGGCCCCCTCAAGGGCATCCTGGGCTACACTGAGCACCAG
GTGGTCTCCTCTGACTTCAACAGCGACACCCACTCCTCCACCTTTGACGCTGGGGCTGGC
ATTGCCCTCAACGACCACTTTGTCAAGCTCATTTCCTGGTATGACAACGAATTTGGCTAC
AGCAACAGGGTGGTGGACCTCATGGCCCACATGGCCTCCAAGGAGTAA

1. Hanauer A, Mandel JL: The glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase gene family: structure of a human cDNA and of an X chromosome linked pseudogene; amazing complexity of the gene family in mouse. EMBO J. 1984 Nov;3(11):2627-33. [PubMed ]
2. Arcari P, Martinelli R, Salvatore F: The complete sequence of a full length cDNA for human liver glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase: evidence for multiple mRNA species. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Dec 11;12(23):9179-89. [PubMed ]
3. Tso JY, Sun XH, Kao TH, Reece KS, Wu R: Isolation and characterization of rat and human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase cDNAs: genomic complexity and molecular evolution of the gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Apr 11;13(7):2485-502. [PubMed ]
4. Tokunaga K, Nakamura Y, Sakata K, Fujimori K, Ohkubo M, Sawada K, Sakiyama S: Enhanced expression of a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene in human lung cancers. Cancer Res. 1987 Nov 1;47(21):5616-9. [PubMed ]
5. Allen RW, Trach KA, Hoch JA: Identification of the 37-kDa protein displaying a variable interaction with the erythroid cell membrane as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem. 1987 Jan 15;262(2):649-53. [PubMed ]
6. Ercolani L, Florence B, Denaro M, Alexander M: Isolation and complete sequence of a functional human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene. J Biol Chem. 1988 Oct 25;263(30):15335-41. [PubMed ]
7. Meyer-Siegler K, Mauro DJ, Seal G, Wurzer J, deRiel JK, Sirover MA: A human nuclear uracil DNA glycosylase is the 37-kDa subunit of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Oct 1;88(19):8460-4. [PubMed ]
8. Ye Z, Connor JR: cDNA cloning by amplification of circularized first strand cDNAs reveals non-IRE-regulated iron-responsive mRNAs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Aug 18;275(1):223-7. [PubMed ]
9. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
10. Nowak K, Wolny M, Banas T: The complete amino acid sequence of human muscle glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. FEBS Lett. 1981 Nov 16;134(2):143-6. [PubMed ]
11. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed ]
12. Kovalyov LI, Shishkin SS, Efimochkin AS, Kovalyova MA, Ershova ES, Egorov TA, Musalyamov AK: The major protein expression profile and two-dimensional protein database of human heart. Electrophoresis. 1995 Jul;16(7):1160-9. [PubMed ]
13. Nowak K, Kuczek M, Ostropolska L, Malarska A, Wolny M, Baranowski T: The covalent structure of glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase from human muscles. Isolation and amino acid sequences of peptides from tryptic digest. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1975 Jul;356(7):1181-3. [PubMed ]
14. Tisdale EJ: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is phosphorylated by protein kinase Ciota /lambda and plays a role in microtubule dynamics in the early secretory pathway. J Biol Chem. 2002 Feb 1;277(5):3334-41. Epub 2001 Nov 27. [PubMed ]
15. Mazzola JL, Sirover MA: Subcellular localization of human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is independent of its glycolytic function. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Jun 20;1622(1):50-6. [PubMed ]
16. Wakasugi K, Nakano T, Morishima I: Oxidative stress-responsive intracellular regulation specific for the angiostatic form of human tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. Biochemistry. 2005 Jan 11;44(1):225-32. [PubMed ]
17. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed ]
18. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
19. Bosch-Comas A, Lindsten K, Gonzalez-Duarte R, Masucci MG, Marfany G: The ubiquitin-specific protease USP25 interacts with three sarcomeric proteins. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2006 Mar;63(6):723-34. [PubMed ]
20. Wong JJ, Pung YF, Sze NS, Chin KC: HERC5 is an IFN-induced HECT-type E3 protein ligase that mediates type I IFN-induced ISGylation of protein targets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jul 11;103(28):10735-40. Epub 2006 Jun 30. [PubMed ]
21. Seo J, Jeong J, Kim YM, Hwang N, Paek E, Lee KJ: Strategy for comprehensive identification of post-translational modifications in cellular proteins, including low abundant modifications: application to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. J Proteome Res. 2008 Feb;7(2):587-602. [PubMed ]
22. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
23. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
24. Heibeck TH, Ding SJ, Opresko LK, Zhao R, Schepmoes AA, Yang F, Tolmachev AV, Monroe ME, Camp DG 2nd, Smith RD, Wiley HS, Qian WJ: An extensive survey of tyrosine phosphorylation revealing new sites in human mammary epithelial cells. J Proteome Res. 2009 Aug;8(8):3852-61. [PubMed ]
25. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
26. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
27. Mercer WD, Winn SI, Watson HC: Twinning in crystals of human skeletal muscle D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. J Mol Biol. 1976 Jun 14;104(1):277-83. [PubMed ]
28. Ismail SA, Park HW: Structural analysis of human liver glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2005 Nov;61(Pt 11):1508-13. Epub 2005 Oct 19. [PubMed ]
29. Jenkins JL, Tanner JJ: High-resolution structure of human D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2006 Mar;62(Pt 3):290-301. Epub 2006 Feb 22. [PubMed ]

MSSSPVKRQRMESALDQLKQFTTVVADTGDFHAIDEYKPQDATTNPSLILAAAQMPAYQE
LVEEAIAYGRKLGGSQEDQIKNAIDKLFVLFGAEILKKIPGRVSTEVDARLSFDKDAMVA
RARRLIELYKEAGISKDRILIKLSSTWEGIQAGKELEEQHGIHCNMTLLFSFAQAVACAE
AGVTLISPFVGRILDWHVANTDKKSYEPLEDPGVKSVTKIYNYYKKFSYKTIVMGASFRN
TGEIKALAGCDFLTISPKLLGELLQDNAKLVPVLSAKAAQASDLEKIHLDEKSFRWLHNE
DQMAVEKLSDGIRKFAADAVKLERMLTERMFNAENGK

• Pentose Pathway (map00030 )

• sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = D-erythrose 4-phosphate + D-fructose 6-phosphate [RN:R08575]

• Transaldolase (PF00923 )

• None

• None

ATGTCGAGCTCACCCGTGAAGCGTCAGAGGATGGAGTCCGCGCTGGACCAGCTCAAGCAG
TTCACCACCGTGGTGGCCGACACGGGCGACTTCCACGCCATCGACGAGTACAAGCCCCAG
GATGCTACCACCAACCCGTCCCTGATCCTGGCCGCAGCACAGATGCCCGCTTACCAGGAG
CTGGTGGAGGAGGCGATTGCCTATGGCCGGAAGCTGGGCGGGTCACAAGAGGACCAGATT
AAAAATGCTATTGATAAACTTTTTGTGTTGTTTGGAGCAGAAATACTAAAGAAGATTCCG
GGCCGAGTATCCACAGAAGTAGACGCAAGGCTCTCCTTTGATAAAGATGCGATGGTGGCC
AGAGCCAGGCGGCTCATCGAGCTCTACAAGGAAGCTGGGATCAGCAAGGACCGAATTCTT
ATAAAGCTGTCATCAACCTGGGAAGGAATTCAGGCTGGAAAGGAGCTCGAGGAGCAGCAC
GGCATCCACTGCAACATGACGTTACTCTTCTCCTTCGCCCAGGCTGTGGCCTGTGCCGAG
GCGGGTGTGACCCTCATCTCCCCATTTGTTGGGCGCATCCTTGATTGGCATGTGGCAAAC
ACCGACAAGAAATCCTATGAGCCCCTGGAAGACCCTGGGGTAAAGAGTGTCACTAAAATC
TACAACTACTACAAGAAGTTTAGCTACAAAACCATTGTCATGGGCGCCTCCTTCCGCAAC
ACGGGCGAGATCAAAGCACTGGCCGGCTGTGACTTCCTCACCATCTCACCCAAGCTCCTG
GGAGAGCTGCTGCAGGACAACGCCAAGCTGGTGCCTGTGCTCTCAGCCAAGGCGGCCCAA
GCCAGTGACCTGGAAAAAATCCACCTGGATGAGAAGTCTTTCCGTTGGTTGCACAACGAG
GACCAGATGGCTGTGGAGAAGCTCTCTGACGGGATCCGCAAGTTTGCCGCTGATGCAGTG
AAGCTGGAGCGGATGCTGACAGAACGAATGTTCAATGCAGAGAATGGAAAGTAG

1. Banki K, Halladay D, Perl A: Cloning and expression of the human gene for transaldolase. A novel highly repetitive element constitutes an integral part of the coding sequence. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jan 28;269(4):2847-51. [PubMed ]
2. Banki K, Eddy RL, Shows TB, Halladay DL, Bullrich F, Croce CM, Jurecic V, Baldini A, Perl A: The human transaldolase gene (TALDO1) is located on chromosome 11 at p15.4-p15.5. Genomics. 1997 Oct 1;45(1):233-8. [PubMed ]
3. Kusuda J, Hirai M, Toyoda A, Tanuma R, Nomura-Kitabayashi A, Hashimoto K: Cloning and chromosomal localization of a paralog and a mouse homolog of the human transaldolase gene. Gene. 1998 Mar 16;209(1-2):13-21. [PubMed ]
4. Perl A, Colombo E, Samoilova E, Butler MC, Banki K: Human transaldolase-associated repetitive elements are transcribed by RNA polymerase III. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 10;275(10):7261-72. [PubMed ]
5. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
8. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
9. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
10. Verhoeven NM, Huck JH, Roos B, Struys EA, Salomons GS, Douwes AC, van der Knaap MS, Jakobs C: Transaldolase deficiency: liver cirrhosis associated with a new inborn error in the pentose phosphate pathway. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 May;68(5):1086-92. Epub 2001 Mar 27. [PubMed ]

1. TK

MESYHKPDQQKLQALKDTANRLRISSIQATTAAGSGHPTSCCSAAEIMAVLFFHTMRYKS
QDPRNPHNDRFVLSKGHAAPILYAVWAEAGFLAEAELLNLRKISSDLDGHPVPKQAFTDV
ATGSLGQGLGAACGMAYTGKYFDKASYRVYCLLGDGELSEGSVWEAMAFASIYKLDNLVA
ILDINRLGQSDPAPLQHQMDIYQKRCEAFGWHAIIVDGHSVEELCKAFGQAKHQPTAIIA
KTFKGRGITGVEDKESWHGKPLPKNMAEQIIQEIYSQIQSKKKILATPPQEDAPSVDIAN
IRMPSLPSYKVGDKIATRKAYGQALAKLGHASDRIIALDGDTKNSTFSEIFKKEHPDRFI
ECYIAEQNMVSIAVGCATRNRTVPFCSTFAAFFTRAFDQIRMAAISESNINLCGSHCGVS
IGEDGPSQMALEDLAMFRSVPTSTVFYPSDGVATEKAVELAANTKGICFIRTSRPENAII
YNNNEDFQVGQAKVVLKSKDDQVTVIGAGVTLHEALAAAELLKKEKINIRVLDPFTIKPL
DRKLILDSARATKGRILTVEDHYYEGGIGEAVSSAVVGEPGITVTHLAVNRVPRSGKPAE
LLKMFGIDRDAIAQAVRGLITKA

• Biosynthesis of ansamycins (map01051 )
• Carbon fixation (map00710 )
• Pentose Pathway (map00030 )

• sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = D-ribose 5-phosphate + D-xylulose 5-phosphate [RN:R01641]

• Transket_pyr (PF02779 )
• Transketolase_C (PF02780 )
• Transketolase_N (PF00456 )

• None

• None

ATGGAGAGCTACCACAAGCCTGACCAGCAGAAGCTGCAGGCCTTGAAGGACACGGCCAAC
CGCCTACGTATCAGCTCCATCCAGGCCACCACTGCGGCGGGCTCTGGCCACCCCACGTCA
TGCTGCAGCGCCGCAGAGATCATGGCTGTCCTCTTTTTCCACACCATGCGCTACAAGTCC
CAGGACCCCCGGAATCCGCACAATGACCGCTTTGTGCTCTCCAAGGGCCATGCAGCTCCC
ATCCTCTACGCGGTCTGGGCTGAAGCTGGTTTCCTGGCCGAGGCGGAGCTGCTGAACCTG
AGGAAGATCAGCTCCGACTTGGACGGGCACCCGGTCCCGAAACAAGCTTTCACCGACGTG
GCCACTGGCTCCCTGGGCCAGGGCCTCGGGGCCGCTTGTGGGATGGCCTACACCGGCAAA
TACTTCGACAAGGCCAGCTACCGAGTCTATTGCTTGCTGGGAGACGGGGAGCTGTCAGAG
GGCTCTGTATGGGAGGCCATGGCCTTCGCCAGCATCTATAAGCTGGACAACCTTGTGGCC
ATTCTAGACATCAATCGCCTGGGCCAGAGTGACCCGGCCCCACTGCAGCACCAGATGGAC
ATCTACCAGAAGCGGTGCGAGGCCTTCGGTTGGCATGCCATCATCGTGGATGGACACAGC
GTGGAGGAGCTGTGCAAGGCCTTTGGCCAGGCCAAGCACCAGCCAACAGCCATCATTGCC
AAGACCTTCAAGGGCCGAGGGATCACGGGGGTAGAAGATAAGGAGTCTTGGCATGGGAAG
CCCCTCCCCAAAAACATGGCTGAGCAGATCATCCAGGAGATCTACAGCCAGATCCAGAGC
AAAAAGAAGATCCTGGCAACCCCTCCACAGGAGGACGCACCCTCAGTGGACATTGCCAAC
ATCCGCATGCCCAGCCTGCCCAGCTACAAAGTTGGGGACAAGATAGCCACCCGCAAGGCC
TACGGGCAGGCATTGGCCAAGCTGGGCCATGCCAGTGACCGCATCATCGCCCTGGATGGG
GACACCAAAAATTCCACCTTCTCGGAGATCTTCAAAAAGGAGCACCCGGACCGCTTCATC
GAGTGCTACATTGCTGAGCAGAACATGGTGAGCATCGCGGTGGGCTGTGCCACCCGCAAC
AGGACGGTGCCCTTCTGCAGCACTTTTGCAGCCTTCTTCACGCGGGCCTTTGACCAGATT
CGCATGGCCGCCATCTCCGAGAGCAACATCAACCTCTGCGGCTCCCACTGCGGCGTTTCC
ATCGGGGAAGACGGGCCCTCCCAGATGGCCCTAGAAGATCTGGCTATGTTTCGGTCAGTC
CCCACATCAACTGTCTTTTACCCAAGTGATGGCGTTGCTACAGAGAAGGCAGTGGAACTA
GCCGCCAATACAAAGGGTATCTGCTTCATCCGGACCAGCCGCCCAGAAAATGCCATCATC
TATAACAACAATGAGGACTTCCAGGTCGGACAAGCCAAGGTGGTCCTGAAGAGCAAGGAT
GACCAGGTGACCGTTATCGGGGCTGGGGTGACCCTGCACGAGGCCTTGGCCGCTGCCGAA
CTGCTGAAGAAAGAAAAGATCAACATCCGCGTGCTGGACCCCTTCACCATCAAGCCCCTG
GACAGAAAACTCATTCTCGACAGCGCTCGTGCCACCAAGGGCAGGATCCTCACCGTGGAG
GACCATTATTATGAAGGTGGCATTGGTGAGGCTGTGTCCAGTGCAGTAGTGGGCGAGCCT
GGCATCACTGTCACCCACCTGGCAGTTAACCGGGTACCAAGAAGTGGGAAGCCGGCTGAG
CTGCTGAAGATGTTTGGTATCGACAGGGATGCCATTGCACAAGCTGTGAGGGGCCTCATC
ACCAAGGCCTAG

1. McCool BA, Plonk SG, Martin PR, Singleton CK: Cloning of human transketolase cDNAs and comparison of the nucleotide sequence of the coding region in Wernicke-Korsakoff and non-Wernicke-Korsakoff individuals. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jan 15;268(2):1397-404. [PubMed ]
2. Schenk G, Layfield R, Candy JM, Duggleby RG, Nixon PF: Molecular evolutionary analysis of the thiamine-diphosphate-dependent enzyme, transketolase. J Mol Evol. 1997 May;44(5):552-72. [PubMed ]
3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed ]
6. Abedinia M, Layfield R, Jones SM, Nixon PF, Mattick JS: Nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence of a cDNA clone encoding part of human transketolase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Mar 31;183(3):1159-66. [PubMed ]
7. Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villen J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP: Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 17;101(33):12130-5. Epub 2004 Aug 9. [PubMed ]
8. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed ]
9. Kim SC, Sprung R, Chen Y, Xu Y, Ball H, Pei J, Cheng T, Kho Y, Xiao H, Xiao L, Grishin NV, White M, Yang XJ, Zhao Y: Substrate and functional diversity of lysine acetylation revealed by a proteomics survey. Mol Cell. 2006 Aug;23(4):607-18. [PubMed ]
10. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed ]
11. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
12. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
13. Heibeck TH, Ding SJ, Opresko LK, Zhao R, Schepmoes AA, Yang F, Tolmachev AV, Monroe ME, Camp DG 2nd, Smith RD, Wiley HS, Qian WJ: An extensive survey of tyrosine phosphorylation revealing new sites in human mammary epithelial cells. J Proteome Res. 2009 Aug;8(8):3852-61. [PubMed ]
14. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
15. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]

1. Phosphodeoxyriboaldolase
2. DERA
3. Deoxyriboaldolase

MSAHNRGTELDLSWISKIQVNHPAVLRRAEQIQARRTVKKEWQAAWLLKAVTFIDLTTLS
GDDTSSNIQRLCYKAKYPIREDLLKALNMHDKGITTAAVCVYPARVCDAVKALKAAGCNI
PVASVAAGFPAGQTHLKTRLEEIRLAVEDGATEIDVVINRSLVLTGQWEALYDEIRQFRK
ACGEAHLKTILATGELGTLTNVYKASMIAMMAGSDFIKTSTGKETVNATFPVAIVMLRAI
RDFFWKTGNKIGFKPAGGIRSAKDSLAWLSLVKEELGDEWLKPELFRIGASTLLSDIERQ
IYHHVTGRYAAYHDLPMS

• Pentose Pathway (map00030 )

• 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate = D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + acetaldehyde [RN:R01066]

• DeoC (PF01791 )

• None

• None

ATGTCCGCGCACAATCGGGGCACCGAGCTCGACCTTAGCTGGATCTCCAAAATACAAGTG
AATCACCCGGCAGTTCTGAGGCGTGCGGAACAAATCCAGGCTCGCAGAACCGTGAAAAAG
GAGTGGCAGGCTGCTTGGCTCCTGAAAGCTGTTACCTTTATAGATCTTACTACACTTTCA
GGTGATGATACATCTTCCAACATTCAAAGGCTCTGTTATAAAGCCAAATACCCAATCCGG
GAAGATCTCTTAAAAGCTTTAAATATGCATGATAAAGGCATTACTACAGCCGCCGTTTGT
GTTTATCCCGCCCGGGTGTGTGATGCTGTAAAAGCACTCAAGGCTGCAGGCTGTAATATC
CCTGTGGCATCAGTGGCCGCTGGATTTCCAGCTGGACAGACTCATTTGAAGACACGATTA
GAAGAGATCAGATTGGCTGTGGAAGATGGAGCTACAGAAATCGACGTGGTAATTAACAGA
AGCTTGGTGCTGACAGGCCAGTGGGAAGCCCTGTATGATGAGATTCGTCAGTTTCGCAAG
GCCTGTGGGGAGGCTCATCTTAAAACTATATTAGCGACAGGAGAACTTGGAACTCTTACT
AATGTCTATAAAGCCAGTATGATAGCAATGATGGCAGGATCAGATTTTATTAAGACCTCT
ACTGGAAAAGAAACAGTAAATGCCACCTTCCCGGTAGCTATAGTAATGCTGCGGGCCATT
AGAGATTTCTTCTGGAAAACTGGAAACAAGATAGGGTTTAAACCAGCAGGAGGCATCCGC
AGTGCAAAGGATTCCCTTGCTTGGCTCTCTCTTGTAAAGGAGGAGCTTGGAGATGAGTGG
CTGAAGCCAGAACTCTTTCGAATAGGTGCCAGTACTCTGCTCTCGGACATTGAGAGGCAG
ATTTACCATCATGTGACTGGAAGATATGCAGCTTATCATGATCTTCCAATGTCTTAA

1. Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, Liu CS, Lin W: Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics. Genome Res. 2000 May;10(5):703-13. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
3. Imami K, Sugiyama N, Kyono Y, Tomita M, Ishihama Y: Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column. Anal Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):161-6. [PubMed ]

1. Lung cancer antigen NY-LU-1
2. Muscle-type aldolase

MPYQYPALTPEQKKELSDIAHRIVAPGKGILAADESTGSIAKRLQSIGTENTEENRRFYR
QLLLTADDRVNPCIGGVILFHETLYQKADDGRPFPQVIKSKGGVVGIKVDKGVVPLAGTN
GETTTQGLDGLSERCAQYKKDGADFAKWRCVLKIGEHTPSALAIMENANVLARYASICQQ
NGIVPIVEPEILPDGDHDLKRCQYVTEKVLAAVYKALSDHHIYLEGTLLKPNMVTPGHAC
TQKFSHEEIAMATVTALRRTVPPAVTGITFLSGGQSEEEASINLNAINKCPLLKPWALTF
SYGRALQASALKAWGGKKENLKAAQEEYVKRALANSLACQGKYTPSGQAGAAASESLFVS
NHAY

• Carbon fixation (map00710 )
• Fructose and Mannose Metabolism (map00051 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Pentose Pathway (map00030 )

• D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate = glycerone phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate [RN:R01068]

• Glycolytic (PF00274 )

• None

• None

ATGCCCTACCAATATCCAGCACTGACCCCGGAGCAGAAGAAGGAGCTGTCTGACATCGCT
CACCGCATCGTGGCACCTGGCAAGGGCATCCTGGCTGCAGATGAGTCCACTGGGAGCATT
GCCAAGCGGCTGCAGTCCATTGGCACCGAGAACACCGAGGAGAACCGGCGCTTCTACCGC
CAGCTGCTGCTGACAGCTGACGACCGCGTGAACCCCTGCATTGGGGGTGTCATCCTCTTC
CATGAGACACTCTACCAGAAGGCGGATGATGGGCGTCCCTTCCCCCAAGTTATCAAATCC
AAGGGCGGTGTTGTGGGCATCAAGGTAGACAAGGGCGTGGTCCCCCTGGCAGGGACAAAT
GGCGAGACTACCACCCAAGGGTTGGATGGGCTGTCTGAGCGCTGTGCCCAGTACAAGAAG
GACGGAGCTGACTTCGCCAAGTGGCGTTGTGTGCTGAAGATTGGGGAACACACCCCCTCA
GCCCTCGCCATCATGGAAAATGCCAATGTTCTGGCCCGTTATGCCAGTATCTGCCAGCAG
AATGGCATTGTGCCCATCGTGGAGCCTGAGATCCTCCCTGATGGGGACCATGACTTGAAG
CGCTGCCAGTATGTGACCGAGAAGGTGCTGGCTGCTGTCTACAAGGCTCTGAGTGACCAC
CACATCTACCTGGAAGGCACCTTGCTGAAGCCCAACATGGTCACCCCAGGCCATGCTTGC
ACTCAGAAGTTTTCTCATGAGGAGATTGCCATGGCGACCGTCACAGCGCTGCGCCGCACA
GTGCCCCCCGCTGTCACTGGGATCACCTTCCTGTCTGGAGGCCAGAGTGAGGAGGAGGCG
TCCATCAACCTCAATGCCATTAACAAGTGCCCCCTGCTGAAGCCCTGGGCCCTGACCTTC
TCCTACGGCCGAGCCCTGCAGGCCTCTGCCCTGAAGGCCTGGGGCGGGAAGAAGGAGAAC
CTGAAGGCTGCGCAGGAGGAGTATGTCAAGCGAGCCCTGGCCAACAGCCTTGCCTGTCAA
GGAAAGTACACTCCGAGCGGTCAGGCTGGGGCTGCTGCCAGCGAGTCCCTCTTCGTCTCT
AACCACGCCTATTAA

1. Sakakibara M, Mukai T, Hori K: Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone for human aldolase: a messenger RNA in the liver. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1985 Aug 30;131(1):413-20. [PubMed ]
2. Izzo P, Costanzo P, Lupo A, Rippa E, Borghese AM, Paolella G, Salvatore F: A new human species of aldolase A mRNA from fibroblasts. Eur J Biochem. 1987 Apr 1;164(1):9-13. [PubMed ]
3. Izzo P, Costanzo P, Lupo A, Rippa E, Paolella G, Salvatore F: Human aldolase A gene. Structural organization and tissue-specific expression by multiple promoters and alternate mRNA processing. Eur J Biochem. 1988 Jul 1;174(4):569-78. [PubMed ]
4. Mukai T, Arai Y, Yatsuki H, Joh K, Hori K: An additional promoter functions in the human aldolase A gene, but not in rat. Eur J Biochem. 1991 Feb 14;195(3):781-7. [PubMed ]
5. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
7. Maire P, Gautron S, Hakim V, Gregori C, Mennecier F, Kahn A: Characterization of three optional promoters in the 5' region of the human aldolase A gene. J Mol Biol. 1987 Oct 5;197(3):425-38. [PubMed ]
8. Freemont PS, Dunbar B, Fothergill-Gilmore LA: The complete amino acid sequence of human skeletal-muscle fructose-bisphosphate aldolase. Biochem J. 1988 Feb 1;249(3):779-88. [PubMed ]
9. Freemont PS, Dunbar B, Fothergill LA: Human skeletal-muscle aldolase: N-terminal sequence analysis of CNBr- and o-iodosobenzoic acid-cleavage fragments. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1984 Jan;228(1):342-52. [PubMed ]
10. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed ]
11. Lee KN, Maxwell MD, Patterson MK Jr, Birckbichler PJ, Conway E: Identification of transglutaminase substrates in HT29 colon cancer cells: use of 5-(biotinamido)pentylamine as a transglutaminase-specific probe. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Jul 22;1136(1):12-6. [PubMed ]
12. Tolan DR, Niclas J, Bruce BD, Lebo RV: Evolutionary implications of the human aldolase-A, -B, -C, and -pseudogene chromosome locations. Am J Hum Genet. 1987 Nov;41(5):907-24. [PubMed ]
13. Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Jan;23(1):94-101. Epub 2004 Dec 12. [PubMed ]
14. Gevaert K, Staes A, Van Damme J, De Groot S, Hugelier K, Demol H, Martens L, Goethals M, Vandekerckhove J: Global phosphoproteome analysis on human HepG2 hepatocytes using reversed-phase diagonal LC. Proteomics. 2005 Sep;5(14):3589-99. [PubMed ]
15. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
16. Kim SC, Sprung R, Chen Y, Xu Y, Ball H, Pei J, Cheng T, Kho Y, Xiao H, Xiao L, Grishin NV, White M, Yang XJ, Zhao Y: Substrate and functional diversity of lysine acetylation revealed by a proteomics survey. Mol Cell. 2006 Aug;23(4):607-18. [PubMed ]
17. Rikova K, Guo A, Zeng Q, Possemato A, Yu J, Haack H, Nardone J, Lee K, Reeves C, Li Y, Hu Y, Tan Z, Stokes M, Sullivan L, Mitchell J, Wetzel R, Macneill J, Ren JM, Yuan J, Bakalarski CE, Villen J, Kornhauser JM, Smith B, Li D, Zhou X, Gygi SP, Gu TL, Polakiewicz RD, Rush J, Comb MJ: Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer. Cell. 2007 Dec 14;131(6):1190-203. [PubMed ]
18. Molina H, Horn DM, Tang N, Mathivanan S, Pandey A: Global proteomic profiling of phosphopeptides using electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2199-204. Epub 2007 Feb 7. [PubMed ]
19. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
20. Heibeck TH, Ding SJ, Opresko LK, Zhao R, Schepmoes AA, Yang F, Tolmachev AV, Monroe ME, Camp DG 2nd, Smith RD, Wiley HS, Qian WJ: An extensive survey of tyrosine phosphorylation revealing new sites in human mammary epithelial cells. J Proteome Res. 2009 Aug;8(8):3852-61. [PubMed ]
21. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
22. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
23. Gamblin SJ, Cooper B, Millar JR, Davies GJ, Littlechild JA, Watson HC: The crystal structure of human muscle aldolase at 3.0 A resolution. FEBS Lett. 1990 Mar 26;262(2):282-6. [PubMed ]
24. Gamblin SJ, Davies GJ, Grimes JM, Jackson RM, Littlechild JA, Watson HC: Activity and specificity of human aldolases. J Mol Biol. 1991 Jun 20;219(4):573-6. [PubMed ]
25. Dalby A, Dauter Z, Littlechild JA: Crystal structure of human muscle aldolase complexed with fructose 1,6-bisphosphate: mechanistic implications. Protein Sci. 1999 Feb;8(2):291-7. [PubMed ]
26. Kishi H, Mukai T, Hirono A, Fujii H, Miwa S, Hori K: Human aldolase A deficiency associated with a hemolytic anemia: thermolabile aldolase due to a single base mutation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(23):8623-7. [PubMed ]
27. Takasaki Y, Takahashi I, Mukai T, Hori K: Human aldolase A of a hemolytic anemia patient with Asp-128----Gly substitution: characteristics of an enzyme generated in E. coli transfected with the expression plasmid pHAAD128G. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1990 Aug;108(2):153-7. [PubMed ]
28. Kreuder J, Borkhardt A, Repp R, Pekrun A, Gottsche B, Gottschalk U, Reichmann H, Schachenmayr W, Schlegel K, Lampert F: Brief report: inherited metabolic myopathy and hemolysis due to a mutation in aldolase A. N Engl J Med. 1996 Apr 25;334(17):1100-4. [PubMed ]
29. Yao DC, Tolan DR, Murray MF, Harris DJ, Darras BT, Geva A, Neufeld EJ: Hemolytic anemia and severe rhabdomyolysis caused by compound heterozygous mutations of the gene for erythrocyte/muscle isozyme of aldolase, ALDOA(Arg303X/Cys338Tyr). Blood. 2004 Mar 15;103(6):2401-3. Epub 2003 Nov 13. [PubMed ]
30. Esposito G, Vitagliano L, Costanzo P, Borrelli L, Barone R, Pavone L, Izzo P, Zagari A, Salvatore F: Human aldolase A natural mutants: relationship between flexibility of the C-terminal region and enzyme function. Biochem J. 2004 May 15;380(Pt 1):51-6. [PubMed ]

1. Brain-type aldolase

MPHSYPALSAEQKKELSDIALRIVAPGKGILAADESVGSMAKRLSQIGVENTEENRRLYR
QVLFSADDRVKKCIGGVIFFHETLYQKDDNGVPFVRTIQDKGIVVGIKVDKGVVPLAGTD
GETTTQGLDGLSERCAQYKKDGADFAKWRCVLKISERTPSALAILENANVLARYASICQQ
NGIVPIVEPEILPDGDHDLKRCQYVTEKVLAAVYKALSDHHVYLEGTLLKPNMVTPGHAC
PIKYTPEEIAMATVTALRRTVPPAVPGVTFLSGGQSEEEASFNLNAINRCPLPRPWALTF
SYGRALQASALNAWRGQRDNAGAATEEFIKRAEVNGLAAQGKYEGSGEDGGAAAQSLYIA
NHAY

• Carbon fixation (map00710 )
• Fructose and Mannose Metabolism (map00051 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Pentose Pathway (map00030 )

• D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate = glycerone phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate [RN:R01068]

• Glycolytic (PF00274 )

• None

• None

ATGCCTCACTCGTACCCAGCCCTTTCTGCTGAGCAGAAGAAGGAGTTGTCTGACATTGCC
CTGCGGATTGTAGCCCCGGGCAAAGGCATTCTGGCTGCGGATGAGTCTGTAGGCAGCATG
GCCAAGCGGCTGAGCCAAATTGGGGTGGAAAACACAGAGGAGAACCGCCGGCTGTACCGC
CAGGTCCTGTTCAGTGCTGATGACCGTGTGAAAAAGTGCATTGGAGGCGTCATTTTCTTC
CATGAGACCCTCTACCAGAAAGATGATAATGGTGTTCCCTTCGTCCGAACCATCCAGGAT
AAGGGCATCGTCGTGGGCATCAAGGTTGACAAGGGTGTGGTGCCTCTAGCTGGGACTGAT
GGAGAAACCACCACTCAAGGGCTGGATGGGCTCTCAGAACGCTGTGCCCAATACAAGAAG
GATGGTGCTGACTTTGCCAAGTGGCGCTGTGTGCTGAAAATCAGTGAGCGTACACCCTCT
GCACTTGCCATTCTGGAGAACGCCAACGTGCTGGCCCGTTATGCCAGTATCTGCCAGCAG
AATGGCATTGTGCCTATTGTGGAACCTGAAATATTGCCTGATGGAGACCACGACCTCAAA
CGTTGTCAGTATGTTACAGAGAAGGTCTTGGCTGCTGTGTACAAGGCCCTGAGTGACCAT
CATGTATACCTGGAGGGGACCCTGCTCAAGCCCAACATGGTGACCCCGGGCCATGCCTGT
CCCATCAAGTATACCCCAGAGGAGATTGCCATGGCAACTGTCACTGCCCTGCGTCGCACT
GTGCCCCCAGCTGTCCCAGGAGTGACCTTCCTGTCTGGGGGTCAGAGCGAAGAAGAGGCA
TCATTCAACCTCAATGCCATCAACCGCTGCCCCCTTCCCCGACCCTGGGCGCTTACCTTC
TCCTATGGGCGTGCCCTGCAAGCCTCTGCACTCAATGCCTGGCGAGGGCAACGGGACAAT
GCTGGGGCTGCCACTGAGGAGTTCATCAAGCGGGCTGAGGTGAATGGGCTTGCAGCCCAG
GGCAAGTATGAAGGCAGTGGAGAAGATGGTGGAGCAGCAGCACAGTCACTCTACATTGCC
AACCATGCCTACTGA

1. Rottmann WH, Deselms KR, Niclas J, Camerato T, Holman PS, Green CJ, Tolan DR: The complete amino acid sequence of the human aldolase C isozyme derived from genomic clones. Biochimie. 1987 Feb;69(2):137-45. [PubMed ]
2. Buono P, Paolella G, Mancini FP, Izzo P, Salvatore F: The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for the human aldolase C. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 May 25;16(10):4733. [PubMed ]
3. Buono P, Mancini FP, Izzo P, Salvatore F: Characterization of the transcription-initiation site and of the promoter region within the 5' flanking region of the human aldolase C gene. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Sep 24;192(3):805-11. [PubMed ]
4. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
6. Lu M, Holliday LS, Zhang L, Dunn WA Jr, Gluck SL: Interaction between aldolase and vacuolar H+-ATPase: evidence for direct coupling of glycolysis to the ATP-hydrolyzing proton pump. J Biol Chem. 2001 Aug 10;276(32):30407-13. Epub 2001 Jun 8. [PubMed ]
7. Kim JH, Lee S, Kim JH, Lee TG, Hirata M, Suh PG, Ryu SH: Phospholipase D2 directly interacts with aldolase via Its PH domain. Biochemistry. 2002 Mar 12;41(10):3414-21. [PubMed ]
8. Kim SC, Sprung R, Chen Y, Xu Y, Ball H, Pei J, Cheng T, Kho Y, Xiao H, Xiao L, Grishin NV, White M, Yang XJ, Zhao Y: Substrate and functional diversity of lysine acetylation revealed by a proteomics survey. Mol Cell. 2006 Aug;23(4):607-18. [PubMed ]
9. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
10. Arakaki TL, Pezza JA, Cronin MA, Hopkins CE, Zimmer DB, Tolan DR, Allen KN: Structure of human brain fructose 1,6-(bis)phosphate aldolase: linking isozyme structure with function. Protein Sci. 2004 Dec;13(12):3077-84. Epub 2004 Nov 10. [PubMed ]

1. Liver-type aldolase

MAHRFPALTQEQKKELSEIAQSIVANGKGILAADESVGTMGNRLQRIKVENTEENRRQFR
EILFSVDSSINQSIGGVILFHETLYQKDSQGKLFRNILKEKGIVVGIKLDQGGAPLAGTN
KETTIQGLDGLSERCAQYKKDGVDFGKWRAVLRIADQCPSSLAIQENANALARYASICQQ
NGLVPIVEPEVIPDGDHDLEHCQYVTEKVLAAVYKALNDHHVYLEGTLLKPNMVTAGHAC
TKKYTPEQVAMATVTALHRTVPAAVPGICFLSGGMSEEDATLNLNAINLCPLPKPWKLSF
SYGRALQASALAAWGGKAANKEATQEAFMKRAMANCQAAKGQYVHTGSSGAASTQSLFTA
CYTY

• Carbon fixation (map00710 )
• Fructose and Mannose Metabolism (map00051 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )
• Pentose Pathway (map00030 )

• D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate = glycerone phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate [RN:R01068]

• Glycolytic (PF00274 )

• None

• None

ATGGCCCACCGATTTCCAGCCCTCACCCAGGAGCAGAAGAAGGAGCTCTCAGAAATTGCC
CAGAGCATTGTTGCCAATGGAAAGGGGATCCTGGCTGCAGATGAATCTGTAGGTACCATG
GGGAACCGCCTGCAGAGGATCAAGGTGGAAAACACTGAAGAGAACCGCCGGCAGTTCCGA
GAAATCCTCTTCTCTGTGGACAGTTCCATCAACCAGAGCATCGGGGGTGTGATCCTTTTC
CACGAGACCCTCTACCAGAAGGACAGCCAGGGAAAGCTGTTCAGAAACATCCTCAAGGAA
AAGGGGATCGTGGTGGGAATCAAGTTAGACCAAGGAGGTGCTCCTCTTGCAGGAACAAAC
AAAGAAACCACCATTCAAGGGCTTGATGGCCTCTCAGAGCGCTGTGCTCAGTACAAGAAA
GATGGTGTTGACTTTGGGAAGTGGCGTGCTGTGCTGAGGATTGCCGACCAGTGTCCATCC
AGCCTCGCTATCCAGGAAAACGCCAACGCCCTGGCTCGCTACGCCAGCATCTGTCAGCAG
AATGGACTGGTACCTATTGTTGAACCAGAGGTAATTCCTGATGGAGACCATGACCTGGAA
CACTGCCAGTATGTTACTGAGAAGGTCCTGGCTGCTGTCTACAAGGCCCTGAATGACCAT
CATGTTTACCTGGAGGGCACCCTGCTAAAGCCCAACATGGTGACTGCTGGACATGCCTGC
ACCAAGAAGTATACTCCAGAACAAGTAGCTATGGCCACCGTAACAGCTCTCCACCGTACT
GTTCCTGCAGCTGTTCCTGGCATCTGCTTTTTGTCTGGTGGCATGAGTGAAGAGGATGCC
ACTCTCAACCTCAATGCTATCAACCTTTGCCCTCTACCAAAGCCCTGGAAACTAAGTTTC
TCTTATGGACGGGCCCTGCAGGCCAGTGCACTGGCTGCCTGGGGTGGCAAGGCTGCAAAC
AAGGAGGCAACCCAGGAGGCTTTTATGAAGCGGGCCATGGCTAACTGCCAGGCGGCCAAA
GGACAGTATGTTCACACGGGTTCTTCTGGGGCTGCTTCCACCCAGTCGCTCTTCACAGCC
TGCTATACCTACTAG

1. Paolella G, Santamaria R, Izzo P, Costanzo P, Salvatore F: Isolation and nucleotide sequence of a full-length cDNA coding for aldolase B from human liver. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Oct 11;12(19):7401-10. [PubMed ]
2. Sakakibara M, Mukai T, Yatsuki H, Hori K: Human aldolase isozyme gene: the structure of multispecies aldolase B mRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Jul 25;13(14):5055-69. [PubMed ]
3. Rottmann WH, Tolan DR, Penhoet EE: Complete amino acid sequence for human aldolase B derived from cDNA and genomic clones. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 May;81(9):2738-42. [PubMed ]
4. Mukai T, Yatsuki H, Arai Y, Joh K, Matsuhashi S, Hori K: Human aldolase B gene: characterization of the genomic aldolase B gene and analysis of sequences required for multiple polyadenylations. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1987 Nov;102(5):1043-51. [PubMed ]
5. Tolan DR, Penhoet EE: Characterization of the human aldolase B gene. Mol Biol Med. 1986 Jun;3(3):245-64. [PubMed ]
6. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed ]
7. Sakakibara M, Takahashi I, Takasaki Y, Mukai T, Hori K: Construction and expression of human aldolase A and B expression plasmids in Escherichia coli host. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1989 Apr 12;1007(3):334-42. [PubMed ]
8. Besmond C, Dreyfus JC, Gregori C, Frain M, Zakin MM, Sala Trepat J, Kahn A: Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone for human aldolase B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983 Dec 16;117(2):601-9. [PubMed ]
9. Dalby AR, Tolan DR, Littlechild JA: The structure of human liver fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2001 Nov;57(Pt 11):1526-33. Epub 2001 Oct 25. [PubMed ]
10. Tolan DR: Molecular basis of hereditary fructose intolerance: mutations and polymorphisms in the human aldolase B gene. Hum Mutat. 1995;6(3):210-8. [PubMed ]
11. Cross NC, Tolan DR, Cox TM: Catalytic deficiency of human aldolase B in hereditary fructose intolerance caused by a common missense mutation. Cell. 1988 Jun 17;53(6):881-5. [PubMed ]
12. Cross NC, de Franchis R, Sebastio G, Dazzo C, Tolan DR, Gregori C, Odievre M, Vidailhet M, Romano V, Mascali G, et al.: Molecular analysis of aldolase B genes in hereditary fructose intolerance. Lancet. 1990 Feb 10;335(8685):306-9. [PubMed ]
13. Brooks CC, Tolan DR: A partially active mutant aldolase B from a patient with hereditary fructose intolerance. FASEB J. 1994 Jan;8(1):107-13. [PubMed ]
14. Ali M, Cox TM: Diverse mutations in the aldolase B gene that underlie the prevalence of hereditary fructose intolerance. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Apr;56(4):1002-5. [PubMed ]
15. Ali M, Sebastio G, Cox TM: Identification of a novel mutation (Leu 256-->Pro) in the human aldolase B gene associated with hereditary fructose intolerance. Hum Mol Genet. 1994 Jan;3(1):203-4. [PubMed ]
16. Cross NC, Stojanov LM, Cox TM: A new aldolase B variant, N334K, is a common cause of hereditary fructose intolerance in Yugoslavia. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Apr 11;18(7):1925. [PubMed ]
17. Lau J, Tolan DR: Screening for hereditary fructose intolerance mutations by reverse dot-blot. Mol Cell Probes. 1999 Feb;13(1):35-40. [PubMed ]
18. Santamaria R, Esposito G, Vitagliano L, Race V, Paglionico I, Zancan L, Zagari A, Salvatore F: Functional and molecular modelling studies of two hereditary fructose intolerance-causing mutations at arginine 303 in human liver aldolase. Biochem J. 2000 Sep 15;350 Pt 3:823-8. [PubMed ]
19. Sanchez-Gutierrez JC, Benlloch T, Leal MA, Samper B, Garcia-Ripoll I, Feliu JE: Molecular analysis of the aldolase B gene in patients with hereditary fructose intolerance from Spain. J Med Genet. 2002 Sep;39(9):e56. [PubMed ]
20. Esposito G, Santamaria R, Vitagliano L, Ieno L, Viola A, Fiori L, Parenti G, Zancan L, Zagari A, Salvatore F: Six novel alleles identified in Italian hereditary fructose intolerance patients enlarge the mutation spectrum of the aldolase B gene. Hum Mutat. 2004 Dec;24(6):534. [PubMed ]
21. Santer R, Rischewski J, von Weihe M, Niederhaus M, Schneppenheim S, Baerlocher K, Kohlschutter A, Muntau A, Posselt HG, Steinmann B, Schneppenheim R: The spectrum of aldolase B (ALDOB) mutations and the prevalence of hereditary fructose intolerance in Central Europe. Hum Mutat. 2005 Jun;25(6):594. [PubMed ]

1. TIM
2. Triose-phosphate isomerase

MAPSRKFFVGGNWKMNGRKQSLGELIGTLNAAKVPADTEVVCAPPTAYIDFARQKLDPKI
AVAAQNCYKVTNGAFTGEISPGMIKDCGATWVVLGHSERRHVFGESDELIGQKVAHALAE
GLGVIACIGEKLDEREAGITEKVVFEQTKVIADNVKDWSKVVLAYEPVWAIGTGKTATPQ
QAQEVHEKLRGWLKSNVSDAVAQSTRIIYGGSVTGATCKELASQPDVDGFLVGGASLKPE
FVDIINAKQ

• Carbon fixation (map00710 )
• Fructose and Mannose Metabolism (map00051 )
• Gluconeogenesis (map00010 )

• D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = glycerone phosphate [RN:R01015]

• TIM (PF00121 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGCCCTCCAGGAAGTTCTTCGTTGGGGGAAACTGGAAGATGAACGGGCGGAAGCAG
AGTCTGGGGGAGCTCATCGGCACTCTGAACGCGGCCAAGGTGCCGGCCGACACCGAGGTG
GTTTGTGCTCCCCCTACTGCCTATATCGACTTCGCCCGGCAGAAGCTAGATCCCAAGATT
GCTGTGGCTGCGCAGAACTGCTACAAAGTGACTAATGGGGCTTTTACTGGGGAGATCAGC
CCTGGCATGATCAAAGACTGCGGAGCCACGTGGGTGGTCCTGGGACACTCAGAGAGAAGG
CATGTCTTTGGGGAGTCAGATGAGCTGATTGGGCAGAAAGTGGCCCATGCTCTGGCAGAG
GGACTCGGAGTAATCGCCTGCATTGGGGAGAAGCTAGATGAAAGGGAAGCTGGCATCACT
GAGAAGGTTGTTTTCGAGCAGACAAAGGTCATCGCAGATAACGTGAAGGACTGGAGCAAG
GTCGTCCTCGCCTATGAGCCTGTGTGGGCCATTGGTACTGGCAAGACTGCAACACCCCAA
CAGGCCCAGGAAGTACACGAGAAGCTCCGAGGATGGCTGAAGTCCAACGTCTCTGATGCG
GTGGCTCAGAGCACCCGTATCATTTATGGAGGCTCTGTGACTGGGGCAACCTGCAAGGAG
CTGGCCAGCCAGCCTGATGTGGATGGCTTCCTTGTGGGTGGTGCTTCCCTCAAGCCCGAA
TTCGTGGACATCATCAATGCCAAACAATGA

1. Lu HS, Yuan PM, Gracy RW: Primary structure of human triosephosphate isomerase. J Biol Chem. 1984 Oct 10;259(19):11958-68. [PubMed ]
2. Maquat LE, Chilcote R, Ryan PM: Human triosephosphate isomerase cDNA and protein structure. Studies of triosephosphate isomerase deficiency in man. J Biol Chem. 1985 Mar 25;260(6):3748-53. [PubMed ]
3. Brown JR, Daar IO, Krug JR, Maquat LE: Characterization of the functional gene and several processed pseudogenes in the human triosephosphate isomerase gene family. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Jul;5(7):1694-706. [PubMed ]
4. Ansari-Lari MA, Muzny DM, Lu J, Lu F, Lilley CE, Spanos S, Malley T, Gibbs RA: A gene-rich cluster between the CD4 and triosephosphate isomerase genes at human chromosome 12p13. Genome Res. 1996 Apr;6(4):314-26. [PubMed ]
5. Ansari-Lari MA, Shen Y, Muzny DM, Lee W, Gibbs RA: Large-scale sequencing in human chromosome 12p13: experimental and computational gene structure determination. Genome Res. 1997 Mar;7(3):268-80. [PubMed ]
6. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
7. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
8. Rasmussen RK, Ji H, Eddes JS, Moritz RL, Reid GE, Simpson RJ, Dorow DS: Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of human breast carcinoma proteins: mapping of proteins that bind to the SH3 domain of mixed lineage kinase MLK2. Electrophoresis. 1997 Mar-Apr;18(3-4):588-98. [PubMed ]
9. Ji H, Reid GE, Moritz RL, Eddes JS, Burgess AW, Simpson RJ: A two-dimensional gel database of human colon carcinoma proteins. Electrophoresis. 1997 Mar-Apr;18(3-4):605-13. [PubMed ]
10. Boyer TG, Krug JR, Maquat LE: Transcriptional regulatory sequences of the housekeeping gene for human triosephosphate isomerase. J Biol Chem. 1989 Mar 25;264(9):5177-87. [PubMed ]
11. Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. Cell. 2006 Nov 3;127(3):635-48. [PubMed ]
12. Kim SC, Sprung R, Chen Y, Xu Y, Ball H, Pei J, Cheng T, Kho Y, Xiao H, Xiao L, Grishin NV, White M, Yang XJ, Zhao Y: Substrate and functional diversity of lysine acetylation revealed by a proteomics survey. Mol Cell. 2006 Aug;23(4):607-18. [PubMed ]
13. Beranova-Giorgianni S, Zhao Y, Desiderio DM, Giorgianni F: Phosphoproteomic analysis of the human pituitary. Pituitary. 2006;9(2):109-20. [PubMed ]
14. Yu LR, Zhu Z, Chan KC, Issaq HJ, Dimitrov DS, Veenstra TD: Improved titanium dioxide enrichment of phosphopeptides from HeLa cells and high confident phosphopeptide identification by cross-validation of MS/MS and MS/MS/MS spectra. J Proteome Res. 2007 Nov;6(11):4150-62. Epub 2007 Oct 9. [PubMed ]
15. Tang LY, Deng N, Wang LS, Dai J, Wang ZL, Jiang XS, Li SJ, Li L, Sheng QH, Wu DQ, Li L, Zeng R: Quantitative phosphoproteome profiling of Wnt3a-mediated signaling network: indicating the involvement of ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase M2 subunit phosphorylation at residue serine 20 in canonical Wnt signal transduction. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2007 Nov;6(11):1952-67. Epub 2007 Aug 12. [PubMed ]
16. Imami K, Sugiyama N, Kyono Y, Tomita M, Ishihama Y: Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column. Anal Sci. 2008 Jan;24(1):161-6. [PubMed ]
17. Carrascal M, Ovelleiro D, Casas V, Gay M, Abian J: Phosphorylation analysis of primary human T lymphocytes using sequential IMAC and titanium oxide enrichment. J Proteome Res. 2008 Dec;7(12):5167-76. [PubMed ]
18. Dephoure N, Zhou C, Villen J, Beausoleil SA, Bakalarski CE, Elledge SJ, Gygi SP: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 5;105(31):10762-7. Epub 2008 Jul 31. [PubMed ]
19. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. [PubMed ]
20. Mayya V, Lundgren DH, Hwang SI, Rezaul K, Wu L, Eng JK, Rodionov V, Han DK: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. Sci Signal. 2009 Aug 18;2(84):ra46. [PubMed ]
21. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed ]
22. Mande SC, Mainfroid V, Kalk KH, Goraj K, Martial JA, Hol WG: Crystal structure of recombinant human triosephosphate isomerase at 2.8 A resolution. Triosephosphate isomerase-related human genetic disorders and comparison with the trypanosomal enzyme. Protein Sci. 1994 May;3(5):810-21. [PubMed ]
23. Kinoshita T, Maruki R, Warizaya M, Nakajima H, Nishimura S: Structure of a high-resolution crystal form of human triosephosphate isomerase: improvement of crystals using the gel-tube method. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2005 Apr 1;61(Pt 4):346-9. Epub 2005 Mar 24. [PubMed ]
24. Rodriguez-Almazan C, Arreola R, Rodriguez-Larrea D, Aguirre-Lopez B, de Gomez-Puyou MT, Perez-Montfort R, Costas M, Gomez-Puyou A, Torres-Larios A: Structural basis of human triosephosphate isomerase deficiency: mutation E104D is related to alterations of a conserved water network at the dimer interface. J Biol Chem. 2008 Aug 22;283(34):23254-63. Epub 2008 Jun 18. [PubMed ]
25. Daar IO, Artymiuk PJ, Phillips DC, Maquat LE: Human triose-phosphate isomerase deficiency: a single amino acid substitution results in a thermolabile enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Oct;83(20):7903-7. [PubMed ]
26. Perry BA, Mohrenweiser HW: Human triosephosphate isomerase: substitution of Arg for Gly at position 122 in a thermolabile electromorph variant, TPI-Manchester. Hum Genet. 1992 Mar;88(6):634-8. [PubMed ]
27. Chang ML, Artymiuk PJ, Wu X, Hollan S, Lammi A, Maquat LE: Human triosephosphate isomerase deficiency resulting from mutation of Phe-240. Am J Hum Genet. 1993 Jun;52(6):1260-9. [PubMed ]
28. Watanabe M, Zingg BC, Mohrenweiser HW: Molecular analysis of a series of alleles in humans with reduced activity at the triosephosphate isomerase locus. Am J Hum Genet. 1996 Feb;58(2):308-16. [PubMed ]
29. Arya R, Lalloz MR, Bellingham AJ, Layton DM: Evidence for founder effect of the Glu104Asp substitution and identification of new mutations in triosephosphate isomerase deficiency. Hum Mutat. 1997;10(4):290-4. [PubMed ]

1. Wernicke- Korsakoff syndrome
2. TKT, mRNA
3. Transketolase
4. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, isoform CRA_a

MESYHKPDQQKLQALKDTANRLRISSIQATTAAGSGHPTSCCSAAEIMAVLFFHTMRYKS
QDPRNPHNDRFVLSKGHAAPILYAVWAEAGFLAEAELLNLRKISSDLDGHPVPKQAFTDV
ATGSLGQGLGAACGMAYTGKYFDKASYRVYCLLGDGELSEGSVWEAMAFASIYKLDNLVA
ILDINRLGQSDPAPLQHQMDIYQKRCEAFGWHAIIVDGHSVEELCKAFGQAKHQPTAIIA
KTFKGRGITGVEDKESWHGKPLPKNMAEQIIQEIYSQIQSKKKILATPPQEDAPSVDIAN
IRMPSLPSYKVGDKIATRKAYGQALAKLGHASDRIIALDGDTKNSTFSEIFKKEHPDRFI
ECYIAEQNMVSIAVGCATRNRTVPFCSTFAAFFTRAFDQIRMAAISESNINLCGSHCGVS
IGEDGPSQMALEDLAMFRSVPTSTVFYPSDGVATEKAVELAANTKGICFIRTSRPENAII
YNNNEDFQVGQAKVVLKSKDDQVTVIGAGVTLHEALAAAELLKKEKINIRVLDPFTIKPL
DRKLILDSARATKGRILTVEDHYYEGGIGEAVSSAVVGEPGITVTHLAVNRVPRSGKPAE
LLKMFGIDRDAIAQAVRGLITKA

• None

• None

MAPSRKFFVGGNWKMNGRKQSLRELVRTLNAAKVPADTEVVCTPPTAYIDFARQKLDPKI
AVAAQNCYKVTNGAFTGEISPGMIKDCRATWVVLGHSERRHVFGESDELIGQKVAHALAE
GLGVIACTGEKLDEREAGITEKVVFEQTKVIADNVKDWSKVVLAYEPVWAIGTGKTATPQ
QDQEVHDKLRGWLKSNVSDAVAQSTRIIYGGSVTGATCKELASQPGVDGFLVGGASLKPE
FVDIINAKQ

• D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = glycerone phosphate [RN:R01015]

• TIM (PF00121 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGCCCTCCAGGAAGTTCTTCGTTGGGGGGAACTGGAAGATGAACGGGCGAAAGCAG
AGTCTGCGGGAGCTCGTCCGCACTCTGAACGCGGCCAAGGTGCCGGCCGACACCGAGGTG
GTTTGTACTCCGCCTACTGCCTATATCGACTTCGCCCGGCAGAAGCTAGATCCCAAGATT
GCTGTGGCTGCGCAGAACTGCTACAAAGTGACTAATGGGGCTTTTACTGGGGAGATCAGC
CCTGGCATGATCAAAGACTGCAGAGCCACGTGGGTGGTCCTGGGGCACTCAGAGAGAAGG
CATGTCTTTGGGGAGTCAGATGAGCTGATTGGGCAGAAAGTGGCCCATGCTCTGGCAGAG
GGACTCGGAGTAATCGCCTGCACTGGGGAGAAGCTAGATGAAAGGGAAGCTGGCATCACT
GAGAAGGTTGTTTTCGAGCAGACAAAGGTCATCGCAGATAACGTGAAGGACTGGAGCAAG
GTCGTCCTGGCCTATGAGCCTGTGTGGGCCATTGGTACTGGCAAGACTGCAACACCCCAA
CAGGACCAGGAAGTACACGACAAGCTCCGAGGATGGCTTAAGTCCAACGTCTCTGATGCG
GTGGCTCAGAGCACCCGTATCATTTATGGAGGCTCTGTGACTGGGGCAACCTGCAAGGAG
CTGGCCAGCCAGCCTGGCGTGGATGGCTTCCTTGTGGGTGGTGCTTCCCTCAAGCCCGAA
TTCGTGGACATCATCAATGCCAAACAA

1. Marques AC, Dupanloup I, Vinckenbosch N, Reymond A, Kaessmann H: Emergence of young human genes after a burst of retroposition in primates. PLoS Biol. 2005 Nov;3(11):e357. Epub 2005 Oct 11. [PubMed ]

MGKVKVGVNGFGRIGRLVTRAAFNSGKVDIVAINDPFIDLNYMVYMFQYDSTHGKFHGTV
KAENGKLVINGNPITIFQERDPSKIKWGDAGAEYVVESTGVFTTMEKAGAHLQGGAKRVI
ISAPSADAPMFVMGVNHEKYDNSLKIISNASCTTNCLAPLAKVIHDNFGIVEGLMTTVHA
ITATQKTVDGPSGKLWRDGRGALQNIIPASTGAAKAVGKVIPELNGKLTGMAFRVPTANV
SVVDLTCRLEKPAKYDDIKKVVKQASEGPLKGILGYTEHQVVSSDFNSDTHSSTFDAGAG
IALNDHFVKLISWYDNEFGYSNRVVDLMAHMASKE

• Gp_dh_C (PF02800 )
• Gp_dh_N (PF00044 )

• None

• None

MGKVKVGVNGFGRIGRLVTRAAFNSGKVDIVAINDPFIDLNYMVYMFQYDSTHGKFHGTV
KAENGKLVINGNPITIFQERDPSKIKWGDAGAEYVVESTGVFTTMEKAGAHLQGGAKRVI
ISTPSADAPMLVMGVNHEKYDNSLKIISNASCTTNCLAPLAKVIHDNFGIVEGLMTTVHA
ITATQKTVDGPSGKLWRDGRGALQNIIPASTGAAKAVGKVIPELNGKLTGMAFRVPTANV
SVVDLTCRLEKPAKYDDIKKVVKQASEGPLKGILGYTEHQVVSSDFNSDTHSSTFDAGAG
IALNDHFVKLISWYDNEFGYSNRVVDLMAHMASKE

• D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH + H+ [RN:R01061]

• Gp_dh_C (PF02800 )
• Gp_dh_N (PF00044 )

• None

• None

ATGGGGAAGGTGAAGGTCGGAGTCAACGGATTTGGTCGTATTGGGCGCCTGGTCACCAGG
GCTGCTTTTAACTCTGGTAAAGTGGATATTGTTGCCATCAATGACCCCTTCATTGACCTC
AACTACATGGTTTACATGTTCCAATATGATTCCACCCATGGCAAATTCCATGGCACCGTC
AAGGCTGAGAACGGGAAGCTTGTCATCAATGGAAATCCCATCACCATCTTCCAGGAGCGA
GATCCCTCCAAAATCAAGTGGGGCGATGCTGGCGCTGAGTATGTCGTGGAGTCCACTGGC
GTCTTCACCACCATGGAGAAGGCTGGGGCTCATTTGCAGGGGGGAGCCAAAAGGGTCATC
ATCTCTACCCCCTCTGCTGATGCCCCCATGCTCGTCATGGGTGTGAACCATGAGAAGTAT
GACAACAGCCTCAAGATCATCAGCAATGCCTCCTGCACCACCAACTGCTTAGCACCCCTG
GCCAAGGTCATCCATGACAACTTTGGTATCGTGGAAGGACTCATGACCACAGTCCATGCC
ATCACTGCCACCCAGAAGACTGTGGATGGCCCCTCCGGGAAACTGTGGCGTGATGGCCGC
GGGGCTCTCCAGAACATCATCCCTGCCTCTACTGGCGCTGCCAAGGCTGTGGGCAAGGTC
ATCCCTGAGCTGAACGGGAAGCTCACTGGCATGGCCTTCCGTGTCCCCACTGCCAACGTG
TCAGTGGTGGACCTGACCTGCCGTCTAGAAAAACCTGCCAAATATGATGACATCAAGAAG
GTGGTGAAGCAGGCGTCGGAGGGCCCCCTCAAGGGCATCCTGGGCTACACTGAGCACCAG
GTGGTCTCCTCTGACTTCAACAGCGACACCCACTCCTCCACCTTTGACGCTGGGGCTGGC
ATTGCCCTCAACGACCACTTTGTCAAGCTCATTTCCTGGTATGACAACGAATTTGGCTAC
AGCAACAGGGTGGTGGACCTCATGGCCCACATGGCCTCCAAGGAGTAA

MAPSRKFFVGGNWKMNGRKQSLGELIGTLNAAKVPADTEVVCAPPTAYIDFARQKLDPKI
AVAAQNCYKVTNGAFTGEISPGMIKDCGATWVVLGHSERRHVFGESDELIGQKVAHALAE
GLGVIACIGEKLDEREAGITEKVVFEQTKVIADNVKDWSKVVLAYEPVWAIGTGKTATPQ
QAQEVHEKLRGWLKSNVSDAVAQSTRIIYGGSVTGATCKELASQPDVDGFLVGGASLKPE
FVDIINAKQ

• TIM (PF00121 )

• None

• None