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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for N-Acetylmannosamine (HMDB01129)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2010-04-16 16:43:18
Accession Number HMDB01129
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name N-Acetylmannosamine
Description N-Acetylmannosamine is a monosaccharide that is used as a precursor in the chemical or enzymatic synthesis of the neuraminic acids found in glycolipids and glycoproteins. N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc) is a specific substrate for the synthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid, the essential precursor of bacterial capsular polysialic acid (PA). N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine is used for the synthesis of sialic acid. It is also a synthetic intermediate for a number of carbohydrate-derived families of biologically active compounds and pharmaceutical candidates.
Synonyms
  1. 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-mannose
  2. N-acetyl-D-mannosamine
  3. N-acetylmannosamine
Chemical IUPAC Name N-[2,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]acetamide
Chemical Formula C8H15NO6
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Carbohydrates and Carbohydrate conjugates
Class
  • Carbohydrates
Sub Class
  • Monosaccharides
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • hemiacetal
  • primary alcohol
  • secondary alcohol
  • 1,2-diol
  • secondary carboxylic acid amide
  • heterocyclic compound
Biofunction
  • Component of Aminosugars metabolism
Application
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 221.208
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 221.089935
Isomeric SMILES CC(=O)N[C@@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
Canonical SMILES CC(=O)NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O
KEGG Compound ID C00645 Link Image
BioCyc ID N-ACETYL-D-MANNOSAMINE Link Image
BiGG ID 35606 Link Image
Wikipedia Link N-Acetylmannosamine Link Image
NuGOwiki Link HMDB01129 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB01129 Link Image
METLIN ID 6024 Link Image
PubChem Compound 439281 Link Image
PubChem Substance 3918 Link Image
ChEBI ID 17122 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 3615-17-6
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C8H15NO6/c1-3(11)9-5-7(13)6(12)4(2-10)15-8(5)14/h4-8,10,12-14H,2H2,1H3,(H,9,11)/t4-,5+,6-,7-,8u/m1/s1
Synthesis Reference Satoh, Chiyoko; Akio, Kiyomoto. Nitrogen-containing sugars. I. Synthesis of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-mannose from 1-deoxy-1-nitro-D-mannitol pentaacetate. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin (1964), 12(5), 615-19.
Melting Point (Experimental) Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 254.0 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge 0
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity -2.60 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; -2.1 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum
Low Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Medium Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
High Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
BMRB Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)
Biofluid Location Not Available
Tissue Location
Tissue References
Fibroblasts
Muscle
Concentrations (Normal) Not Available
Concentrations (Abnormal) Not Available
Associated Disorders Not Available
OMIM ID Not Available
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Amino Sugar Metabolism SMP00045 Link Image map00520 Link Image
General References
  1. Sugawara T, Irie K, Iwasawa H, Yoshikawa T, Okuno S, Watanabe HK, Kato T, Shibukawa M, Ito Y: Synthesis of omega-(methoxycarbonyl)alkyl and 9-(methoxycarbonyl)-3,6-dioxanonyl glycopyranosides for the preparation of carbohydrate-protein conjugates. Carbohydr Res. 1992 Jun 4;230(1):117-49. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Salama I, Hinderlich S, Shlomai Z, Eisenberg I, Krause S, Yarema K, Argov Z, Lochmuller H, Reutter W, Dabby R, Sadeh M, Ben-Bassat H, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S: No overall hyposialylation in hereditary inclusion body myopathy myoblasts carrying the homozygous M712T GNE mutation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Mar 4;328(1):221-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Kamerling JP, Strecker G, Farriaux JP, Dorland L, Haverkamp J, Vliegenthart JF: 2-Acetamidoglucal, a new metabolite isolated from the urine of a patient with sialuria. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1979 Mar 22;583(3):403-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Sala G, Dupre T, Seta N, Codogno P, Ghidoni R: Increased biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids in congenital disorder of glycosylation Ia (CDG-Ia) fibroblasts. Pediatr Res. 2002 Nov;52(5):645-51. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. von Nicolai H, Esser P, Lauer E: Partial purification and properties of neuraminidase from Bifidobacterium lactentis. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1981 Feb;362(2):153-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Wikipedia Link Image
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase
  2. Sialic acid synthase
  3. N-acylglucosamine 2-epimerase
  4. Phosphohistidine phosphatase 1 (Phosphohistidine phosphatase 1, isoform CRA_a)
  5. N-acetylneuraminate lyase
  6. Glucosamine (UDP-N-acetyl)-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase, isoform CRA_a
  7. cDNA, FLJ96858, Homo sapiens N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (sialic acid synthase) (NANS), mRNA (N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (Sialic acid synthase), isoform CRA_b)
  8. 14 kDa phosphohistidine phosphatase
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5568
Enzyme 1 Name Bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase
Enzyme 1 Synonyms
  1. UDP-GlcNAc-2-epimerase/ManAc kinase
  2. UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase
  3. UDP-GlcNAc-2-epimerase
  4. Uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase
  5. N-acetylmannosamine kinase
  6. ManAc kinase
Enzyme 1 Gene Name GNE
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase
MEKNGNNRKLRVCVATCNRADYSKLAPIMFGIKTEPEFFELDVVVLGSHLIDDYGNTYRM
IEQDDFDINTRLHTIVRGEDEAAMVESVGLALVKLPDVLNRLKPDIMIVHGDRFDALALA
TSAALMNIRILHIEGGEVSGTIDDSIRHAITKLAHYHVCCTRSAEQHLISMCEDHDRILL
AGCPSYDKLLSAKNKDYMSIIRMWLGDDVKSKDYIVALQHPVTTDIKHSIKMFELTLDAL
ISFNKRTLVLFPNIDAGSKEMVRVMRKKGIEHHPNFRAVKHVPFDQFIQLVAHAGCMIGN
SSCGVREVGAFGTPVINLGTRQIGRETGENVLHVRDADTQDKILQALHLQFGKQYPCSKI
YGDGNAVPRILKFLKSIDLQEPLQKKFCFPPVKENISQDIDHILETLSALAVDLGGTNLR
VAIVSMKGEIVKKYTQFNPKTYEERINLILQMCVEAAAEAVKLNCRILGVGISTGGRVNP
REGIVLHSTKLIQEWNSVDLRTPLSDTLHLPVWVDNDGNCAALAERKFGQGKGLENFVTL
ITGTGIGGGIIHQHELIHGSSFCAAELGHLVVSLDGPDCSCGSHGCIEAYASGMALQREA
KKLHDEDLLLVEGMSVPKDEAVGALHLIQAAKLGNAKAQSILRTAGTALGLGVVNILHTM
NPSLVILSGVLASHYIHIVKDVIRQQALSSVQDVDVVVSDLVDPALLGAASMVLDYTTRR
IY
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 722
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 79273.9
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 6.79
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • adenyl ribonucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • isomerase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • racemase and epimerase activity
  • racemase and epimerase activity, acting on carbohydrates and derivatives
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Process
  • N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process
  • UDP-N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process
  • alcohol metabolic process
  • amino sugar metabolic process
  • carbohydrate metabolic process
  • glucosamine metabolic process
  • lipid biosynthetic process
  • lipid metabolic process
  • lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process
  • metabolic process
  • monosaccharide metabolic process
  • primary metabolic process
  • small molecule metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 1 General Function Involved in ATP binding
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Regulates and initiates biosynthesis of N- acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc), a precursor of sialic acids. Plays an essential role in early development. Required for normal sialylation in hematopoietic cells. Sialylation is implicated in cell adhesion, signal transduction, tumorigenicity and metastatic behavior of malignant cells
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine [RN:R00420]
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 4887658 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9Y223 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GLCNE_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >2169 bp
ATGGAGAAGAATGGAAATAACCGAAAGCTGCGGGTTTGTGTTGCTACTTGTAACCGTGCA
GATTATTCTAAACTTGCCCCGATCATGTTTGGCATTAAAACCGAACCTGAGTTCTTTGAA
CTTGATGTTGTGGTACTTGGCTCTCACCTGATAGATGACTATGGAAATACATATCGAATG
ATTGAACAAGATGACTTTGACATTAACACCAGGCTACACACAATTGTGAGGGGAGAAGAT
GAGGCAGCCATGGTGGAGTCAGTAGGCCTGGCCCTAGTGAAGCTGCCAGATGTCCTTAAT
CGCCTGAAGCCTGATATCATGATTGTTCATGGAGACAGGTTTGATGCCCTGGCTCTGGCC
ACATCTGCTGCCTTGATGAACATCCGAATCCTTCACATTGAAGGTGGGGAAGTCAGTGGG
ACCATTGATGACTCTATCAGACATGCCATAACAAAACTGGCTCATTATCATGTGTGCTGC
ACCCGCAGTGCAGAGCAGCACCTGATATCCATGTGTGAGGACCATGATCGCATCCTTTTG
GCAGGCTGCCCTTCCTATGACAAACTTCTCTCAGCCAAGAACAAAGACTACATGAGCATC
ATTCGCATGTGGCTAGGTGATGATGTAAAATCTAAAGATTACATTGTTGCACTACAGCAC
CCTGTGACCACTGACATTAAGCATTCCATAAAAATGTTTGAATTAACATTGGATGCACTT
ATCTCATTTAACAAGCGGACCCTAGTCCTGTTTCCAAATATTGACGCAGGGAGCAAAGAG
ATGGTTCGAGTGATGCGGAAGAAGGGCATTGAGCATCATCCCAACTTTCGTGCAGTTAAA
CACGTCCCATTTGACCAGTTTATACAGTTGGTTGCCCATGCTGGCTGTATGATTGGGAAC
AGCAGCTGTGGGGTTCGAGAAGTTGGAGCTTTTGGAACACCTGTGATCAACCTGGGAACA
CGTCAGATTGGAAGAGAAACAGGGGAGAATGTTCTTCATGTCCGGGATGCTGACACCCAA
GACAAAATATTGCAAGCACTGCACCTTCAGTTTGGTAAACAGTACCCTTGTTCAAAGATA
TATGGGGATGGAAATGCTGTTCCAAGGATTTTGAAGTTTCTCAAATCTATCGATCTTCAA
GAGCCACTGCAAAAGAAATTCTGCTTTCCTCCTGTGAAGGAGAATATCTCTCAAGATATT
GACCATATTCTTGAAACTCTAAGTGCCTTGGCCGTTGATCTTGGCGGGACGAACCTCCGA
GTTGCAATAGTCAGCATGAAGGGTGAAATAGTTAAGAAGTATACTCAGTTCAATCCTAAA
ACCTATGAAGAGAGGATTAATTTAATCCTACAGATGTGTGTGGAAGCTGCAGCAGAAGCT
GTAAAACTGAACTGCAGAATTTTGGGAGTAGGCATTTCCACAGGTGGCCGTGTAAATCCT
CGGGAAGGAATTGTGCTGCATTCAACCAAACTGATCCAAGAGTGGAACTCTGTGGACCTT
AGGACCCCCCTTTCTGACACTTTGCATCTCCCTGTGTGGGTAGACAATGATGGCAACTGT
GCTGCCCTGGCGGAAAGGAAATTTGGCCAAGGAAAGGGACTGGAAAACTTTGTTACACTT
ATCACAGGCACAGGAATCGGTGGTGGAATTATCCATCAGCATGAATTGATCCACGGAAGC
TCCTTCTGTGCTGCAGAACTGGGCCACCTTGTTGTGTCTCTGGATGGGCCTGATTGTTCC
TGTGGAAGCCATGGGTGCATTGAAGCATACGCCTCTGGAATGGCCTTGCAGAGGGAGGCA
AAAAAGCTCCATGATGAGGACCTGCTCTTGGTGGAAGGGATGTCAGTGCCAAAAGATGAG
GCTGTGGGTGCGCTCCATCTCATCCAAGCTGCGAAACTTGGCAATGCGAAGGCCCAGAGC
ATCCTAAGAACAGCTGGAACAGCTTTGGGTCTTGGGGTTGTGAACATCCTCCATACCATG
AATCCCTCCCTTGTGATCCTCTCCGGAGTCCTGGCCAGTCACTATATCCACATTGTCAAA
GACGTCATTCGCCAGCAGGCCTTGTCCTCCGTGCAGGACGTGGATGTGGTGGTTTCGGAT
TTGGTTGACCCCGCCCTGCTGGGTGCTGCCAGCATGGTTCTGGACTACACAACACGCAGG
ATCTACTAG
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID AF051852 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID GNE Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID GNE Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:23657 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 1 Locus 9p13.3
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Lucka L, Krause M, Danker K, Reutter W, Horstkorte R: Primary structure and expression analysis of human UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase, the bifunctional enzyme in neuraminic acid biosynthesis. FEBS Lett. 1999 Jul 9;454(3):341-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Seppala R, Lehto VP, Gahl WA: Mutations in the human UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase gene define the disease sialuria and the allosteric site of the enzyme. Am J Hum Genet. 1999 Jun;64(6):1563-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Weiss P, Tietze F, Gahl WA, Seppala R, Ashwell G: Identification of the metabolic defect in sialuria. J Biol Chem. 1989 Oct 25;264(30):17635-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Keppler OT, Hinderlich S, Langner J, Schwartz-Albiez R, Reutter W, Pawlita M: UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase: a regulator of cell surface sialylation. Science. 1999 May 21;284(5418):1372-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Ferreira H, Seppala R, Pinto R, Huizing M, Martins E, Braga AC, Gomes L, Krasnewich DM, Sa Miranda MC, Gahl WA: Sialuria in a Portuguese girl: clinical, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. Mol Genet Metab. 1999 Jun;67(2):131-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Leroy JG, Seppala R, Huizing M, Dacremont G, De Simpel H, Van Coster RN, Orvisky E, Krasnewich DM, Gahl WA: Dominant inheritance of sialuria, an inborn error of feedback inhibition. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Jun;68(6):1419-27. Epub 2001 Apr 18. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Eisenberg I, Avidan N, Potikha T, Hochner H, Chen M, Olender T, Barash M, Shemesh M, Sadeh M, Grabov-Nardini G, Shmilevich I, Friedmann A, Karpati G, Bradley WG, Baumbach L, Lancet D, Asher EB, Beckmann JS, Argov Z, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S: The UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase gene is mutated in recessive hereditary inclusion body myopathy. Nat Genet. 2001 Sep;29(1):83-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Arai A, Tanaka K, Ikeuchi T, Igarashi S, Kobayashi H, Asaka T, Date H, Saito M, Tanaka H, Kawasaki S, Uyama E, Mizusawa H, Fukuhara N, Tsuji S: A novel mutation in the GNE gene and a linkage disequilibrium in Japanese pedigrees. Ann Neurol. 2002 Oct;52(4):516-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Kayashima T, Matsuo H, Satoh A, Ohta T, Yoshiura K, Matsumoto N, Nakane Y, Niikawa N, Kishino T: Nonaka myopathy is caused by mutations in the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase gene (GNE). J Hum Genet. 2002;47(2):77-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Darvish D, Vahedifar P, Huo Y: Four novel mutations associated with autosomal recessive inclusion body myopathy (MIM: 600737). Mol Genet Metab. 2002 Nov;77(3):252-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Tomimitsu H, Ishikawa K, Shimizu J, Ohkoshi N, Kanazawa I, Mizusawa H: Distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles: novel mutations in the GNE gene. Neurology. 2002 Aug 13;59(3):451-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Nishino I, Noguchi S, Murayama K, Driss A, Sugie K, Oya Y, Nagata T, Chida K, Takahashi T, Takusa Y, Ohi T, Nishimiya J, Sunohara N, Ciafaloni E, Kawai M, Aoki M, Nonaka I: Distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles is allelic to hereditary inclusion body myopathy. Neurology. 2002 Dec 10;59(11):1689-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Vasconcelos OM, Raju R, Dalakas MC: GNE mutations in an American family with quadriceps-sparing IBM and lack of mutations in s-IBM. Neurology. 2002 Dec 10;59(11):1776-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Broccolini A, Pescatori M, D'Amico A, Sabino A, Silvestri G, Ricci E, Servidei S, Tonali PA, Mirabella M: An Italian family with autosomal recessive inclusion-body myopathy and mutations in the GNE gene. Neurology. 2002 Dec 10;59(11):1808-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Eisenberg I, Grabov-Nardini G, Hochner H, Korner M, Sadeh M, Bertorini T, Bushby K, Castellan C, Felice K, Mendell J, Merlini L, Shilling C, Wirguin I, Argov Z, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S: Mutations spectrum of GNE in hereditary inclusion body myopathy sparing the quadriceps. Hum Mutat. 2003 Jan;21(1):99. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Del Bo R, Baron P, Prelle A, Serafini M, Moggio M, Fonzo AD, Castagni M, Bresolin N, Comi GP: Novel missense mutation and large deletion of GNE gene in autosomal-recessive inclusion-body myopathy. Muscle Nerve. 2003 Jul;28(1):113-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  20. Yabe I, Higashi T, Kikuchi S, Sasaki H, Fukazawa T, Yoshida K, Tashiro K: GNE mutations causing distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles with inflammation. Neurology. 2003 Aug 12;61(3):384-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  21. Broccolini A, Ricci E, Cassandrini D, Gliubizzi C, Bruno C, Tonoli E, Silvestri G, Pescatori M, Rodolico C, Sinicropi S, Servidei S, Zara F, Minetti C, Tonali PA, Mirabella M: Novel GNE mutations in Italian families with autosomal recessive hereditary inclusion-body myopathy. Hum Mutat. 2004 Jun;23(6):632. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 5569
Enzyme 2 Name Sialic acid synthase
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. N-acetylneuraminate synthase
  2. N-acetylneuraminate-9-phosphate synthase
  3. N-acetylneuraminic acid phosphate synthase
  4. N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase
Enzyme 2 Gene Name NANS
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Sialic acid synthase
MPLELELCPGRWVGGQHPCFIIAEIGQNHQGDLDVAKRMIRMAKECGADCAKFQKSELEF
KFNRKALERPYTSKHSWGKTYGEHKRHLEFSHDQYRELQRYAEEVGIFFTASGMDEMAVE
FLHELNVPFFKVGSGDTNNFPYLEKTAKKGRPMVISSGMQSMDTMKQVYQIVKPLNPNFC
FLQCTSAYPLQPEDVNLRVISEYQKLFPDIPIGYSGHETGIAISVAAVALGAKVLERHIT
LDKTWKGSDHSASLEPGELAELVRSVRLVERALGSPTKQLLPCEMACNEKLGKSVVAKVK
IPEGTILTMDMLTVKVGEPKGYPPEDIFNLVGKKVLVTVEEDDTIMEELVDNHGKKIKS
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 359
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 40307.3
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 6.73
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
Process
  • carbohydrate biosynthetic process
  • carbohydrate metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • primary metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 2 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Produces N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and 2-keto-3- deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nononic acid (KDN). Can also use N- acetylmannosamine 6-phosphate and mannose 6-phosphate as substrates to generate phosphorylated forms of Neu5Ac and KDN, respectively
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • phosphoenolpyruvate + N-acyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = N-acylneuraminate 9-phosphate + phosphate [RN:R02769]
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 8453156 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NR45 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SIAS_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >1080 bp
ATGCCGCTGGAGCTGGAGCTGTGTCCCGGGCGCTGGGTGGGCGGGCAACACCCGTGCTTC
ATCATTGCCGAGATCGGCCAGAACCACCAGGGCGACCTGGACGTAGCCAAGCGCATGATC
CGCATGGCCAAGGAGTGTGGGGCTGATTGTGCCAAGTTCCAGAAGAGTGAGCTAGAATTC
AAGTTTAATCGGAAAGCCTTGGAGAGGCCATACACCTCGAAGCATTCCTGGGGGAAGACG
TACGGGGAGCACAAACGACATCTGGAGTTCAGCCATGACCAGTACAGGGAGCTGCAGAGG
TACGCCGAGGAGGTTGGGATCTTCTTCACTGCCTCTGGCATGGATGAGATGGCAGTTGAA
TTCCTGCATGAACTGAATGTTCCATTTTTCAAAGTTGGATCTGGAGACACTAATAATTTT
CCTTATCTGGAAAAGACAGCCAAAAAAGGTCGCCCAATGGTGATCTCCAGTGGGATGCAG
TCAATGGACACCATGAAGCAAGTTTATCAGATCGTGAAGCCCCTCAACCCCAACTTCTGC
TTCTTGCAGTGTACCAGCGCATACCCGCTCCAGCCTGAGGACGTCAACCTGCGGGTCATC
TCGGAATATCAGAAGCTCTTTCCTGACATTCCCATAGGGTATTCTGGGCATGAAACAGGC
ATAGCGATATCTGTGGCCGCAGTGGCTCTGGGGGCCAAGGTGTTGGAACGTCACATAACT
TTGGACAAGACCTGGAAGGGGAGTGACCACTCGGCCTCGCTGGAGCCTGGAGAACTGGCC
GAGCTGGTGCGGTCAGTGCGTCTTGTGGAGCGTGCCCTGGGCTCCCCAACCAAGCAGCTG
CTGCCCTGTGAGATGGCCTGCAATGAGAAGCTGGGCAAGTCTGTGGTGGCCAAAGTGAAA
ATTCCGGAAGGCACCATTCTAACAATGGACATGCTCACCGTGAAGGTGGGTGAGCCCAAA
GCCTATCCTCCTGAAGACATCTTTAATCTAGTGGGCAAGAAGGTCCTGGTCACTGTTGAA
GAGGATGACACCATCATGGAAGAATTGGTAGATAATCATGGCAAAAAAATCAAGTCTTAA
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID AF257466 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID NANS Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID NANS Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:19237 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 2 Locus 9p24.1-p23
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Lawrence SM, Huddleston KA, Pitts LR, Nguyen N, Lee YC, Vann WF, Coleman TA, Betenbaugh MJ: Cloning and expression of the human N-acetylneuraminic acid phosphate synthase gene with 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glycero- D-galacto-nononic acid biosynthetic ability. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jun 9;275(23):17869-77. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hamada T, Ito Y, Abe T, Hayashi F, Guntert P, Inoue M, Kigawa T, Terada T, Shirouzu M, Yoshida M, Tanaka A, Sugano S, Yokoyama S, Hirota H: Solution structure of the antifreeze-like domain of human sialic acid synthase. Protein Sci. 2006 May;15(5):1010-6. Epub 2006 Apr 5. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 5570
Enzyme 3 Name N-acylglucosamine 2-epimerase
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. AGE
  2. GlcNAc 2-epimerase
  3. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase
  4. Renin-binding protein
  5. RnBP
Enzyme 3 Gene Name RENBP
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >N-acylglucosamine 2-epimerase
MSKGLPARQDMEKERETLQAWKERVGQELDRVVAFWMEHSHDQEHGGFFTCLGREGRVYD
DLKYVWLQGRQVWMYCRLYRTFERFRHAQLLDAAKAGGEFLLRYARVAPPGKKCAFVLTR
DGRPVKVQRTIFSECFYTMAMNELWRATGEVRYQTEAVEMMDQIVHWVQEDASGLGRPQL
QGAPAAEPMAVPMMLLNLVEQLGEADEELAGKYAELGDWCARRILQHVQRDGQAVLENVS
EGGKELPGCLGRQQNPGHTLEAGWFLLRHCIRKGDPELRAHVIDKFLLLPFHSGWDPDHG
GLFYFQDADNFCPTQLEWAMKLWWPHSEAMIAFLMGYSDSGDPVLLRLFYQVAEYTFRQF
RDPEYGEWFGYLSREGKVALSIKGGPFKGCFHVPRCLAMCEEMLGALLSRPAPAPSPAPT
PACRGAE
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 427
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 48830.6
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 6.32
Enzyme 3 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • intramolecular oxidoreductase activity
  • intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, interconverting aldoses and ketoses
  • isomerase activity
  • mannose-6-phosphate isomerase activity
Process
  • alcohol metabolic process
  • hexose metabolic process
  • mannose metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • monosaccharide metabolic process
  • small molecule metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 3 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 3 Specific Function Catalyzes the interconversion of N-acetylglucosamine to N-acetylmannosamine. Binds to renin forming a protein complex called high molecular weight (HMW) renin and inhibits renin activity
Enzyme 3 Pathways
Enzyme 3 Reactions
  • N-acyl-D-glucosamine = N-acyl-D-mannosamine [RN:R02652]
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 213417820 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P51606 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name RENBP_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >1284 bp
ATGAGCAAGGGTCTCCCAGCGCGACAGGACATGGAGAAAGAGCGAGAGACTCTGCAGGCC
TGGAAGGAGCGCGTGGGGCAGGAGCTGGACCGCGTGGTGGCTTTCTGGATGGAGCACTCC
CACGACCAGGAGCACGGGGGCTTCTTCACGTGCCTTGGCCGCGAGGGGCGGGTGTATGAT
GACCTCAAGTATGTGTGGCTGCAGGGGAGGCAGGTATGGATGTATTGTCGCCTGTACCGC
ACTTTCGAGCGCTTCCGCCATGCTCAGCTTCTGGACGCAGCAAAAGCAGGTGGTGAGTTC
TTGCTGCGGTATGCCCGGGTGGCACCTCCTGGCAAGAAGTGTGCCTTTGTGCTGACTCGG
GACGGCCGCCCGGTCAAGGTGCAGCGAACCATCTTCAGTGAGTGTTTCTACACCATGGCC
ATGAACGAGCTGTGGAGAGCCACAGGGGAAGTGCGGTACCAGACGGAAGCGGTGGAGATG
ATGGATCAGATCGTCCACTGGGTGCAGGAGGACGCGTCGGGACTGGGCCGGCCCCAGCTC
CAGGGGGCCCCGGCTGCGGAGCCCATGGCGGTGCCCATGATGCTACTGAACCTGGTGGAG
CAGCTCGGGGAGGCAGATGAGGAGCTGGCGGGCAAATACGCAGAGCTGGGGGACTGGTGC
GCCCGGAGGATTCTGCAGCACGTGCAGAGGGATGGACAAGCTGTGCTGGAGAATGTGTCA
GAGGGTGGCAAGGAACTTCCTGGCTGCCTGGGGAGACAGCAGAACCCAGGCCACACGCTG
GAAGCCGGCTGGTTTCTGCTCCGTCATTGCATTCGGAAAGGCGACCCCGAACTTCGAGCC
CACGTGATTGACAAGTTCCTATTGTTGCCCTTCCACTCCGGATGGGACCCTGACCACGGA
GGCCTCTTTTACTTCCAGGATGCTGATAACTTCTGCCCCACCCAGCTGGAGTGGGCCATG
AAGCTCTGGTGGCCACACAGTGAAGCCATGATTGCCTTCCTCATGGGTTACAGTGACAGT
GGGGACCCTGTGCTGCTGCGCCTCTTCTACCAAGTGGCTGAGTACACCTTCCGCCAGTTT
CGCGATCCCGAGTACGGGGAATGGTTTGGCTACCTGAGCCGAGAGGGCAAGGTGGCCCTC
TCCATCAAGGGAGGTCCTTTCAAAGGCTGCTTCCACGTGCCGCGGTGCCTAGCCATGTGC
GAGGAGATGCTGGGCGCCCTGCTGAGCCGCCCCGCCCCCGCCCCCTCCCCCGCCCCCACC
CCCGCCTGCCGAGGCGCGGAATAA
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID NM_002910.5 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID RENBP Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID RENBP Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:9959 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, Scherer S, McLay K, Muzny D, Platzer M, Howell GR, Burrows C, Bird CP, Frankish A, Lovell FL, Howe KL, Ashurst JL, Fulton RS, Sudbrak R, Wen G, Jones MC, Hurles ME, Andrews TD, Scott CE, Searle S, Ramser J, Whittaker A, Deadman R, Carter NP, Hunt SE, Chen R, Cree A, Gunaratne P, Havlak P, Hodgson A, Metzker ML, Richards S, Scott G, Steffen D, Sodergren E, Wheeler DA, Worley KC, Ainscough R, Ambrose KD, Ansari-Lari MA, Aradhya S, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Ballabio A, Banerjee R, Barker GE, Barlow KF, Barrett IP, Bates KN, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Beck A, Bethel G, Blechschmidt K, Brady N, Bray-Allen S, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Brown MJ, Bonnin D, Bruford EA, Buhay C, Burch P, Burford D, Burgess J, Burrill W, Burton J, Bye JM, Carder C, Carrel L, Chako J, Chapman JC, Chavez D, Chen E, Chen G, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chinault C, Ciccodicola A, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Clerc-Blankenburg K, Clifford K, Cobley V, Cole CG, Conquer JS, Corby N, Connor RE, David R, Davies J, Davis C, Davis J, Delgado O, Deshazo D, Dhami P, Ding Y, Dinh H, Dodsworth S, Draper H, Dugan-Rocha S, Dunham A, Dunn M, Durbin KJ, Dutta I, Eades T, Ellwood M, Emery-Cohen A, Errington H, Evans KL, Faulkner L, Francis F, Frankland J, Fraser AE, Galgoczy P, Gilbert J, Gill R, Glockner G, Gregory SG, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gu Y, Gwilliam R, Hamilton C, Hart EA, Hawes A, Heath PD, Heitmann K, Hennig S, Hernandez J, Hinzmann B, Ho S, Hoffs M, Howden PJ, Huckle EJ, Hume J, Hunt PJ, Hunt AR, Isherwood J, Jacob L, Johnson D, Jones S, de Jong PJ, Joseph SS, Keenan S, Kelly S, Kershaw JK, Khan Z, Kioschis P, Klages S, Knights AJ, Kosiura A, Kovar-Smith C, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leversha M, Lewis L, Liu W, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loulseged H, Loveland JE, Lovell JD, Lozado R, Lu J, Lyne R, Ma J, Maheshwari M, Matthews LH, McDowall J, McLaren S, McMurray A, Meidl P, Meitinger T, Milne S, Miner G, Mistry SL, Morgan M, Morris S, Muller I, Mullikin JC, Nguyen N, Nordsiek G, Nyakatura G, O'Dell CN, Okwuonu G, Palmer S, Pandian R, Parker D, Parrish J, Pasternak S, Patel D, Pearce AV, Pearson DM, Pelan SE, Perez L, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Reichwald K, Rhodes S, Ridler KA, Schlessinger D, Schueler MG, Sehra HK, Shaw-Smith C, Shen H, Sheridan EM, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Sotheran EC, Steingruber HE, Steward CA, Storey R, Swann RM, Swarbreck D, Tabor PE, Taudien S, Taylor T, Teague B, Thomas K, Thorpe A, Timms K, Tracey A, Trevanion S, Tromans AC, d'Urso M, Verduzco D, Villasana D, Waldron L, Wall M, Wang Q, Warren J, Warry GL, Wei X, West A, Whitehead SL, Whiteley MN, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams G, Williams L, Williamson A, Williamson H, Wilming L, Woodmansey RL, Wray PW, Yen J, Zhang J, Zhou J, Zoghbi H, Zorilla S, Buck D, Reinhardt R, Poustka A, Rosenthal A, Lehrach H, Meindl A, Minx PJ, Hillier LW, Willard HF, Wilson RK, Waterston RH, Rice CM, Vaudin M, Coulson A, Nelson DL, Weinstock G, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Gibbs RA, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. Nature. 2005 Mar 17;434(7031):325-37. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Inoue H, Takahashi S, Fukui K, Miyake Y: Genetic and molecular properties of human and rat renin-binding proteins with reference to the function of the leucine zipper motif. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1991 Oct;110(4):493-500. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Takahashi S, Takahashi K, Kaneko T, Ogasawara H, Shindo S, Kobayashi M: Human renin-binding protein is the enzyme N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase. J Biochem (Tokyo). 1999 Feb;125(2):348-53. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 12982
Enzyme 4 Name Phosphohistidine phosphatase 1 (Phosphohistidine phosphatase 1, isoform CRA_a)
Enzyme 4 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Name PHPT1
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >Phosphohistidine phosphatase 1 (Phosphohistidine phosphatase 1, isoform CRA_a)
MAVADLALIPDVDIDSDGVFKYVLIRVHSAPRSGAPAAESKEIVRGYKWAEYHADIYDKV
SGDMQKQGCDCECLGGGRISHQSQDKKIHVYGYSMAYGPAQHAISTEKIKAKYPDYEVTW
ANDGY
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 125
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 13833
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI Not Available
Enzyme 4 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 4 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 4 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 4 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 4 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B1AMX1 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B1AMX1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID B1AMX1 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 General References Not Available
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 ID 12984
Enzyme 5 Name N-acetylneuraminate lyase
Enzyme 5 Synonyms
  1. NALase
  2. N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase
  3. N-acetylneuraminic acid aldolase
  4. Sialate lyase
  5. Sialate-pyruvate lyase
  6. Sialic acid aldolase
  7. Sialic acid lyase
Enzyme 5 Gene Name NPL
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >N-acetylneuraminate lyase
MAFPKKKLQGLVAATITPMTENGEINFSVIGQYVDYLVKEQGVKNIFVNGTTGEGLSLSV
SERRQVAEEWVTKGKDKLDQVIIHVGALSLKESQELAQHAAEIGADGIAVIAPFFLKPWT
KDILINFLKEVAAAAPALPFYYYHIPALTGVKIRAEELLDGILDKIPTFQGLKFSDTDLL
DFGQCVDQNRQQQFAFLFGVDEQLLSALVMGATGAVGSTYNYLGKKTNQMLEAFEQKDFS
LALNYQFCIQRFINFVVKLGFGVSQTKAIMTLVSGIPMGPPRLPLQKASREFTDSAEAKL
KSLDFLSFTDLKDGNLEAGS
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues 320
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight 35162.2
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI 5.22
Enzyme 5 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • lyase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 5 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 5 Specific Function Catalyzes the cleavage of N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid) to form pyruvate and N-acetylmannosamine via a Schiff base intermediate. It prevents sialic acids from being recycled and returning to the cell surface
Enzyme 5 Pathways
Enzyme 5 Reactions
  • N-acetylneuraminate = N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate [RN:R01811]
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 5 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 5 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein 13430285 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9BXD5 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NPL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence >963 bp
ATGGCCTTCCCAAAGAAGAAACTTCAGGGTCTTGTGGCTGCAACCATCACGCCAATGACT
GAGAATGGAGAAATCAACTTTTCAGTAATTGGTCAGTATGTGGATTATCTTGTGAAAGAA
CAGGGAGTGAAGAACATTTTTGTGAATGGCACAACAGGAGAAGGCCTGTCCCTGAGCGTC
TCAGAGCGTCGCCAGGTTGCAGAGGAGTGGGTGACAAAAGGGAAGGACAAGCTGGATCAG
GTGATAATTCACGTAGGAGCACTGAGCTTGAAGGAGTCACAGGAACTGGCCCAACATGCA
GCAGAAATAGGAGCTGATGGCATCGCTGTCATTGCACCGTTCTTCCTCAAGCCATGGACC
AAAGATATCCTGATTAATTTCCTAAAGGAAGTGGCTGCTGCCGCCCCTGCCCTGCCATTT
TATTACTATCACATTCCTGCCTTGACAGGGGTAAAGATTCGTGCTGAGGAGTTGTTGGAT
GGGATTCTGGATAAGATCCCCACCTTCCAAGGGCTGAAATTCAGTGATACAGATCTCTTA
GACTTCGGGCAATGTGTTGATCAGAATCGCCAGCAACAGTTTGCTTTCCTTTTTGGGGTG
GATGAGCAACTGTTGAGTGCTCTGGTGATGGGAGCAACTGGAGCAGTGGGCAGTACCTAT
AACTACCTGGGAAAAAAGACAAACCAGATGTTGGAGGCTTTTGAACAAAAGGACTTCTCT
TTAGCCCTGAACTATCAGTTTTGTATCCAGAGATTTATCAACTTTGTTGTCAAACTAGGT
TTTGGAGTGTCACAGACCAAAGCCATCATGACTCTGGTCTCTGGGATTCCAATGGGCCCA
CCCCGGCTTCCACTGCAGAAAGCCTCCAGGGAGTTTACTGATAGTGCTGAAGCTAAACTG
AAGAGCCTGGATTTCCTTTCTTTCACTGATTTAAAGGATGGAAACTTGGAAGCTGGTAGC
TAG
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID AF338436 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID NPL Link Image
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID NPL Link Image
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID HGNC:16781 Link Image
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 5 Locus 1q25
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 General References
  1. Sood R, Bonner TI, Makalowska I, Stephan DA, Robbins CM, Connors TD, Morgenbesser SD, Su K, Faruque MU, Pinkett H, Graham C, Baxevanis AD, Klinger KW, Landes GM, Trent JM, Carpten JD: Cloning and characterization of 13 novel transcripts and the human RGS8 gene from the 1q25 region encompassing the hereditary prostate cancer (HPC1) locus. Genomics. 2001 Apr 15;73(2):211-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Wu M, Gu S, Xu J, Zou X, Zheng H, Jin Z, Xie Y, Ji C, Mao Y: A novel splice variant of human gene NPL, mainly expressed in human liver, kidney and peripheral blood leukocyte. DNA Seq. 2005 Apr;16(2):137-42. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, Kaul R, Swarbreck D, Dunham A, Scott CE, Howe KL, Woodfine K, Spencer CC, Jones MC, Gillson C, Searle S, Zhou Y, Kokocinski F, McDonald L, Evans R, Phillips K, Atkinson A, Cooper R, Jones C, Hall RE, Andrews TD, Lloyd C, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Anderson F, Andrew RW, Ashwell RI, Aubin K, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Beasley H, Bethel G, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown JY, Brown AJ, Buckley D, Burton J, Bye J, Carder C, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee C, Cobley V, Collier RE, Corby N, Coville GJ, Davies J, Deadman R, Dunn M, Earthrowl M, Ellington AG, Errington H, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Gay L, Ghori MR, Gibson R, Gilby LM, Gillett W, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Hammond S, Harrison ES, Hart E, Haugen E, Heath PD, Holmes S, Holt K, Howden PJ, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Hunter G, Isherwood J, James R, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy A, Kay M, Kershaw JK, Kibukawa M, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights AJ, Lad H, Laird G, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, Lush MJ, Lyne R, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Matthews NS, McLaren S, Milne S, Mistry S, Moore MJ, Nickerson T, O'Dell CN, Oliver K, Palmeiri A, Palmer SA, Parker A, Patel D, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phelps K, Phillimore BJ, Plumb R, Rajan J, Raymond C, Rouse G, Saenphimmachak C, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward C, Subramanian S, Sycamore N, Tracey A, Tromans A, Van Helmond Z, Wall M, Wallis JM, White S, Whitehead SL, Wilkinson JE, Willey DL, Williams H, Wilming L, Wray PW, Wu Z, Coulson A, Vaudin M, Sulston JE, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Wooster R, Dunham I, Carter NP, McVean G, Ross MT, Harrow J, Olson MV, Beck S, Rogers J, Bentley DR, Banerjee R, Bryant SP, Burford DC, Burrill WD, Clegg SM, Dhami P, Dovey O, Faulkner LM, Gribble SM, Langford CF, Pandian RD, Porter KM, Prigmore E: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature. 2006 May 18;441(7091):315-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 ID 15263
Enzyme 6 Name Glucosamine (UDP-N-acetyl)-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase, isoform CRA_a
Enzyme 6 Synonyms
  1. SubName: UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase
Enzyme 6 Gene Name GNE
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >Glucosamine (UDP-N-acetyl)-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase, isoform CRA_a
METYGYLQRESCFQGPHELYFKNLSKRNKQIMEKNGNNRKLRVCVATCNRADYSKLAPIM
FGIKTEPEFFELDVVVLGSHLIDDYGNTYRMIEQDDFDINTRLHTIVRGEDEAAMVESVG
LALVKLPDVLNRLKPDIMIVHGDRFDALALATSAALMNIRILHIEGGEVSGTIDDSIRHA
ITKLAHYHVCCTRSAEQHLISMCEDHDRILLAGCPSYDKLLSAKNKDYMSIIRMWLGDDV
KSKDYIVALQHPVTTDIKHSIKMFELTLDALISFNKRTLVLFPNIDAGSKEMVRVMRKKG
IEHHPNFRAVKHVPFDQFIQLVAHAGCMIGNSSCGVREVGAFGTPVINLGTRQIGRETGE
NVLHVRDADTQDKILQALHLQFGKQYPCSKIYGDGNAVPRILKFLKSIDLQEPLQKKFCF
PPVKENISQDIDHILETLSALAVDLGGTNLRVAIVSMKGEIVKKYTQFNPKTYEERINLI
LQMCVEAAAEAVKLNCRILGVGISTGGRVNPREGIVLHSTKLIQEWNSVDLRTPLSDTLH
LPVWVDNDGNCAALAERKFGQGKGLENFVTLITGTGIGGGIIHQHELIHGSSFCAAELGH
LVVSLDGPDCSCGSHGCIEAYASGMALQREAKKLHDEDLLLVEGMSVPKDEAVGALHLIQ
AAKLGNAKAQSILRTAGTALGLGVVNILHTMNPSLVILSGVLASHYIHIVKDVIRQQALS
SVQDVDVVVSDLVDPALLGAASMVLDYTTRRIY
Enzyme 6 Number of Residues 753
Enzyme 6 Molecular Weight 83065.2
Enzyme 6 Theoretical pI 6.93
Enzyme 6 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase activity
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • adenyl ribonucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • isomerase activity
  • nucleoside binding
  • phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • racemase and epimerase activity
  • racemase and epimerase activity, acting on carbohydrates and derivatives
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Process
  • N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process
  • UDP-N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process
  • alcohol metabolic process
  • amino sugar metabolic process
  • carbohydrate metabolic process
  • glucosamine metabolic process
  • lipid biosynthetic process
  • lipid metabolic process
  • lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process
  • metabolic process
  • monosaccharide metabolic process
  • primary metabolic process
  • small molecule metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 6 General Function Involved in ATP binding
Enzyme 6 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 6 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 6 Reactions
  • UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine [RN:R00420]
Enzyme 6 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 6 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 6 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 6 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank ID Protein 150368575 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID A6PZH2 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name A6PZH2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Sequence >2262 bp
ATGGAAACCTATGGTTATCTGCAGAGGGAGTCATGCTTTCAAGGACCTCATGAACTCTAT
TTTAAGAACCTCTCAAAACGAAACAAGCAAATCATGGAGAAGAATGGAAATAACCGAAAG
CTGCGGGTTTGTGTTGCTACTTGTAACCGTGCAGATTATTCTAAACTTGCCCCGATCATG
TTTGGCATTAAAACCGAACCTGAGTTCTTTGAACTTGATGTTGTGGTACTTGGCTCTCAC
CTGATAGATGACTATGGAAATACATATCGAATGATTGAACAAGATGACTTTGACATTAAC
ACCAGGCTACACACAATTGTGAGGGGAGAAGATGAGGCAGCCATGGTGGAGTCAGTAGGC
CTGGCCCTAGTGAAGCTGCCAGATGTCCTTAATCGCCTGAAGCCTGATATCATGATTGTT
CATGGAGACAGGTTTGATGCCCTGGCTCTGGCCACATCTGCTGCCTTGATGAACATCCGA
ATCCTTCACATTGAAGGTGGGGAAGTCAGTGGGACCATTGATGACTCTATCAGACATGCC
ATAACAAAACTGGCTCATTATCATGTGTGCTGCACCCGCAGTGCAGAGCAGCACCTGATA
TCCATGTGTGAGGACCATGATCGCATCCTTTTGGCAGGCTGCCCTTCCTATGACAAACTT
CTCTCAGCCAAGAACAAAGACTACATGAGCATCATTCGCATGTGGCTAGGTGATGATGTA
AAATCTAAAGATTACATTGTTGCACTACAGCACCCTGTGACCACTGACATTAAGCATTCC
ATAAAAATGTTTGAATTAACATTGGATGCACTTATCTCATTTAACAAGCGGACCCTAGTC
CTGTTTCCAAATATTGACGCAGGGAGCAAAGAGATGGTTCGAGTGATGCGGAAGAAGGGC
ATTGAGCATCATCCCAACTTTCGTGCAGTTAAACACGTCCCATTTGACCAGTTTATACAG
TTGGTTGCCCATGCTGGCTGTATGATTGGGAACAGCAGCTGTGGGGTTCGAGAAGTTGGA
GCTTTTGGAACACCTGTGATCAACCTGGGAACACGTCAGATTGGAAGAGAAACAGGGGAG
AATGTTCTTCATGTCCGGGATGCTGACACCCAAGACAAAATATTGCAAGCACTGCACCTT
CAGTTTGGTAAACAGTACCCTTGTTCAAAGATATATGGGGATGGAAATGCTGTTCCAAGG
ATTTTGAAGTTTCTCAAATCTATCGATCTTCAAGAGCCACTGCAAAAGAAATTCTGCTTT
CCTCCTGTGAAGGAGAATATCTCTCAAGATATTGACCATATTCTTGAAACTCTAAGTGCC
TTGGCCGTTGATCTTGGCGGGACGAACCTCCGAGTTGCAATAGTCAGCATGAAGGGTGAA
ATAGTTAAGAAGTATACTCAGTTCAATCCTAAAACCTATGAAGAGAGGATTAATTTAATC
CTACAGATGTGTGTGGAAGCTGCAGCAGAAGCTGTAAAACTGAACTGCAGAATTTTGGGA
GTAGGCATTTCCACAGGTGGCCGTGTAAATCCTCGGGAAGGAATTGTGCTGCATTCAACC
AAACTGATCCAAGAGTGGAACTCTGTGGACCTTAGGACCCCCCTTTCTGACACTTTGCAT
CTCCCTGTGTGGGTAGACAATGATGGCAACTGTGCTGCCCTGGCGGAAAGGAAATTTGGC
CAAGGAAAGGGACTGGAAAACTTTGTTACACTTATCACAGGCACAGGAATCGGTGGTGGA
ATTATCCATCAGCATGAATTGATCCACGGAAGCTCCTTCTGTGCTGCAGAACTGGGCCAC
CTTGTTGTGTCTCTGGATGGGCCTGATTGTTCCTGTGGAAGCCATGGGTGCATTGAAGCA
TACGCCTCTGGAATGGCCTTGCAGAGGGAGGCAAAAAAGCTCCATGATGAGGACCTGCTC
TTGGTGGAAGGGATGTCAGTGCCAAAAGATGAGGCTGTGGGTGCGCTCCATCTCATCCAA
GCTGCGAAACTTGGCAATGCGAAGGCCCAGAGCATCCTAAGAACAGCTGGAACAGCTTTG
GGTCTTGGGGTTGTGAACATCCTCCATACCATGAATCCCTCCCTTGTGATCCTCTCCGGA
GTCCTGGCCAGTCACTATATCCACATTGTCAAAGACGTCATTCGCCAGCAGGCCTTGTCC
TCCGTGCAGGACGTGGATGTGGTGGTTTCGGATTTGGTTGACCCCGCCCTGCTGGGTGCT
GCCAGCATGGTTCTGGACTACACAACACGCAGGATCTACTAG
Enzyme 6 GenBank Gene ID AM697708 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GeneCard ID GNE Link Image
Enzyme 6 GenAtlas ID GNE Link Image
Enzyme 6 HGNC ID HGNC:23657 Link Image
Enzyme 6 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 6 Locus 9p13.3
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 General References
  1. Reinke SO, Hinderlich S: Prediction of three different isoforms of the human UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase. FEBS Lett. 2007 Jul 10;581(17):3327-31. Epub 2007 Jun 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Venter JC, Adams MD, Myers EW, Li PW, Mural RJ, Sutton GG, Smith HO, Yandell M, Evans CA, Holt RA, Gocayne JD, Amanatides P, Ballew RM, Huson DH, Wortman JR, Zhang Q, Kodira CD, Zheng XH, Chen L, Skupski M, Subramanian G, Thomas PD, Zhang J, Gabor Miklos GL, Nelson C, Broder S, Clark AG, Nadeau J, McKusick VA, Zinder N, Levine AJ, Roberts RJ, Simon M, Slayman C, Hunkapiller M, Bolanos R, Delcher A, Dew I, Fasulo D, Flanigan M, Florea L, Halpern A, Hannenhalli S, Kravitz S, Levy S, Mobarry C, Reinert K, Remington K, Abu-Threideh J, Beasley E, Biddick K, Bonazzi V, Brandon R, Cargill M, Chandramouliswaran I, Charlab R, Chaturvedi K, Deng Z, Di Francesco V, Dunn P, Eilbeck K, Evangelista C, Gabrielian AE, Gan W, Ge W, Gong F, Gu Z, Guan P, Heiman TJ, Higgins ME, Ji RR, Ke Z, Ketchum KA, Lai Z, Lei Y, Li Z, Li J, Liang Y, Lin X, Lu F, Merkulov GV, Milshina N, Moore HM, Naik AK, Narayan VA, Neelam B, Nusskern D, Rusch DB, Salzberg S, Shao W, Shue B, Sun J, Wang Z, Wang A, Wang X, Wang J, Wei M, Wides R, Xiao C, Yan C, Yao A, Ye J, Zhan M, Zhang W, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Zheng L, Zhong F, Zhong W, Zhu S, Zhao S, Gilbert D, Baumhueter S, Spier G, Carter C, Cravchik A, Woodage T, Ali F, An H, Awe A, Baldwin D, Baden H, Barnstead M, Barrow I, Beeson K, Busam D, Carver A, Center A, Cheng ML, Curry L, Danaher S, Davenport L, Desilets R, Dietz S, Dodson K, Doup L, Ferriera S, Garg N, Gluecksmann A, Hart B, Haynes J, Haynes C, Heiner C, Hladun S, Hostin D, Houck J, Howland T, Ibegwam C, Johnson J, Kalush F, Kline L, Koduru S, Love A, Mann F, May D, McCawley S, McIntosh T, McMullen I, Moy M, Moy L, Murphy B, Nelson K, Pfannkoch C, Pratts E, Puri V, Qureshi H, Reardon M, Rodriguez R, Rogers YH, Romblad D, Ruhfel B, Scott R, Sitter C, Smallwood M, Stewart E, Strong R, Suh E, Thomas R, Tint NN, Tse S, Vech C, Wang G, Wetter J, Williams S, Williams M, Windsor S, Winn-Deen E, Wolfe K, Zaveri J, Zaveri K, Abril JF, Guigo R, Campbell MJ, Sjolander KV, Karlak B, Kejariwal A, Mi H, Lazareva B, Hatton T, Narechania A, Diemer K, Muruganujan A, Guo N, Sato S, Bafna V, Istrail S, Lippert R, Schwartz R, Walenz B, Yooseph S, Allen D, Basu A, Baxendale J, Blick L, Caminha M, Carnes-Stine J, Caulk P, Chiang YH, Coyne M, Dahlke C, Mays A, Dombroski M, Donnelly M, Ely D, Esparham S, Fosler C, Gire H, Glanowski S, Glasser K, Glodek A, Gorokhov M, Graham K, Gropman B, Harris M, Heil J, Henderson S, Hoover J, Jennings D, Jordan C, Jordan J, Kasha J, Kagan L, Kraft C, Levitsky A, Lewis M, Liu X, Lopez J, Ma D, Majoros W, McDaniel J, Murphy S, Newman M, Nguyen T, Nguyen N, Nodell M, Pan S, Peck J, Peterson M, Rowe W, Sanders R, Scott J, Simpson M, Smith T, Sprague A, Stockwell T, Turner R, Venter E, Wang M, Wen M, Wu D, Wu M, Xia A, Zandieh A, Zhu X: The sequence of the human genome. Science. 2001 Feb 16;291(5507):1304-51. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 6 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 7 [top]
Enzyme 7 ID 16530
Enzyme 7 Name cDNA, FLJ96858, Homo sapiens N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (sialic acid synthase) (NANS), mRNA (N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (Sialic acid synthase), isoform CRA_b)
Enzyme 7 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 7 Gene Name NANS
Enzyme 7 Protein Sequence >cDNA, FLJ96858, Homo sapiens N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (sialic acid synthase) (NANS), mRNA (N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (Sialic acid synthase), isoform CRA_b)
MPLELELCPGRWVGGQHPCFIIAEIGQNHQGDLDVAKRMIRMAKECGADCAKFQKSELEF
KFNRKALERPYTSKHSWGKTYGEHKRHLEFSHDQYRELQRYAEEVGIFFTASGMDEMAVE
FLHELNVPFFKVGSGDTNNFPYLEKTAKKGRPMVISSGMQSMDTMKQVYQIVKPLNPNFC
FLQCTSAYPLQPEDVNLRVISEYQKLFPDIPIGYSGHETGIAISVAAVALGAKVLERHIT
LDKTWKGSDHSASLEPGELAELVRSVRLVERALGSPTKQLLPCEMACNEKLGKSVVAKVK
IPEGTILTMDMLTVKVGEPKGYPPEDIFNLVGKKVLVTVEEDDTIMEELVDNHGKKIKS
Enzyme 7 Number of Residues 359
Enzyme 7 Molecular Weight 40308
Enzyme 7 Theoretical pI 6.73
Enzyme 7 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 7 General Function Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis
Enzyme 7 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 7 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 7 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 7 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 7 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 7 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 7 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 7 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID B2RE98 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name B2RE98_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 7 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 7 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 7 Gene Sequence Not Available
Enzyme 7 GenBank Gene ID AK316608 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GeneCard ID B2RE98 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 7 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 7 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 7 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 7 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 7 General References Not Available
Enzyme 7 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 8 [top]
Enzyme 8 ID 21022
Enzyme 8 Name 14 kDa phosphohistidine phosphatase
Enzyme 8 Synonyms
  1. Phosphohistidine phosphatase 1
  2. Protein janus-A homolog
Enzyme 8 Gene Name PHPT1
Enzyme 8 Protein Sequence >14 kDa phosphohistidine phosphatase
MAVADLALIPDVDIDSDGVFKYVLIRVHSAPRSGAPAAESKEIVRGYKWAEYHADIYDKV
SGDMQKQGCDCECLGGGRISHQSQDKKIHVYGYSMAYGPAQHAISTEKIKAKYPDYEVTW
ANDGY
Enzyme 8 Number of Residues 125
Enzyme 8 Molecular Weight 13832.4
Enzyme 8 Theoretical pI 5.98
Enzyme 8 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 8 General Function Involved in phosphohistidine phosphatase activity
Enzyme 8 Specific Function Exhibits phosphohistidine phosphatase activity
Enzyme 8 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 8 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 8 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 8 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 8 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 8 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 8 GenBank ID Protein 8895093 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NRX4 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PHP14_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 8 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 8 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 8 Gene Sequence >378 bp
ATGGCGGTGGCGGACCTCGCTCTCATTCCTGATGTGGACATCGACTCCGACGGCGTCTTC
AAGTATGTGCTGATCCGAGTCCACTCGGCTCCCCGCTCCGGGGCTCCGGCTGCAGAGAGC
AAGGAGATCGTGCGCGGCTACAAGTGGGCTGAGTACCATGCGGACATCTACGACAAAGTG
TCGGGCGACATGCAGAAGCAAGGCTGCGACTGTGAGTGTCTGGGCGGCGGGCGCATCTCC
CACCAGAGTCAGGACAAGAAGATTCACGTGTACGGCTATTCCATGGCCTATGGTCCTGCC
CAGCACGCCATTTCAACTGAGAAAATCAAAGCCAAGTACCCCGACTACGAGGTCACCTGG
GCTAACGACGGCTACTGA
Enzyme 8 GenBank Gene ID AF164795 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GeneCard ID PHPT1 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GenAtlas ID PHPT1 Link Image
Enzyme 8 HGNC ID HGNC:30033 Link Image
Enzyme 8 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 8 Locus 9q34.3
Enzyme 8 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 8 General References
  1. Ek P, Pettersson G, Ek B, Gong F, Li JP, Zetterqvist O: Identification and characterization of a mammalian 14-kDa phosphohistidine phosphatase. Eur J Biochem. 2002 Oct;269(20):5016-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Aug 15;97(17):9543-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Lai CH, Chiu JY, Lin W: Identification of the human crooked neck gene by comparative gene identification. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Feb 16;1517(3):449-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Bocher M, Blocker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Dusterhoft A, Beyer A, Kohrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwalder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A: Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs. Genome Res. 2001 Mar;11(3):422-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Ma R, Kanders E, Sundh UB, Geng M, Ek P, Zetterqvist O, Li JP: Mutational study of human phosphohistidine phosphatase: effect on enzymatic activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Nov 25;337(3):887-91. Epub 2005 Sep 30. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Heibeck TH, Ding SJ, Opresko LK, Zhao R, Schepmoes AA, Yang F, Tolmachev AV, Monroe ME, Camp DG 2nd, Smith RD, Wiley HS, Qian WJ: An extensive survey of tyrosine phosphorylation revealing new sites in human mammary epithelial cells. J Proteome Res. 2009 Aug;8(8):3852-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Busam RD, Thorsell AG, Flores A, Hammarstrom M, Persson C, Hallberg BM: First structure of a eukaryotic phosphohistidine phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 10;281(45):33830-4. Epub 2006 Sep 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Gong W, Li Y, Cui G, Hu J, Fang H, Jin C, Xia B: Solution structure and catalytic mechanism of human protein histidine phosphatase 1. Biochem J. 2009 Mar 1;418(2):337-44. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 8 Metabolite References Not Available