| Version |
2.5 |
| Creation Date |
2005-11-16 15:48:42 |
| Update Date |
2010-04-28 13:37:08 |
| Accession Number |
HMDB01337 |
| Secondary Accession Numbers |
Not Available |
| Common Name |
Leukotriene A4 |
| Description |
Leukotriene A4 (LTA4) is the first metabolite in the series of reactions leading to the synthesis of all leukotrienes. 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) catalyzes the two-step conversion of arachidonic acid to LTA4.The first step consists of the oxidation of arachidonic acid to the unstable intermediate 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE), and the second step is the dehydration of 5-HPETE to form LTA4. Leukotriene A4, an unstable epoxide, is hydrolyzed to leukotriene B4 or conjugated with glutathione to yield leukotriene C4 and its metabolites, leukotriene D4 and leukotriene E4. The leukotrienes participate in host defense reactions and pathophysiological conditions such as immediate hypersensitivity and inflammation. Recent studies also suggest a neuroendocrine role for leukotriene C4 in luteinizing hormone secretion. (PMID: 10591081, 2820055)
Leukotrienes are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs) and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes) and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signaling pathways. |
| Synonyms |
- LTA4
- 5S,6S-epoxy-7E,9E,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid
- (7e,9e,11z,14z)-(5s,6s)-5,6-epoxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetrenoioc acid
- 5S,6S-epoxy-7E,9E,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoate
- (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-(5S,6S)-5,6-epoxyicosa- 7,9,11,14-tetraenoate
- (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-(5S,6S)-5,6-Epoxyeicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoate
- (5S,6S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5,6-Epoxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoate
- (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-(5S,6S)-5,6-epoxyicosa- 7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid
- (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-(5S,6S)-5,6-Epoxyeicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid
- (5S,6S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5,6-Epoxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid
|
| Chemical IUPAC Name |
4-[(2S,3S)-3-[(1E,3E,5Z,8Z)-tetradeca-1,3,5,8-tetraenyl]oxiran-2-yl]butanoic acid |
| Chemical Formula |
C20H30O3 |
| Chemical Structure |
 |
| Chemical Taxonomy |
| Kingdom |
|
| Super Class |
|
| Class |
|
| Sub Class |
|
| Family |
|
| Species |
- dialkyl ether
- carboxylic acid
- alkene
- heterocyclic compound
|
| Biofunction |
- Component of Prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism
|
| Application |
| — |
| Source |
|
|
| Average Molecular Weight |
318.450 |
| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight |
318.219482 |
| Isomeric SMILES |
CCCCCC=C/CC=C/C=C/C=C/[C@@H]1O[C@H]1CCCC(O)=O |
| Canonical SMILES |
CCCCCC=CCC=CC=CC=CC1OC1CCCC(O)=O |
| KEGG Compound ID |
C00909  |
| BioCyc ID |
CPD-8892  |
| BiGG ID |
36355  |
| Wikipedia Link |
Leukotriene A4  |
| NuGOwiki Link |
HMDB01337  |
| Metagene Link |
HMDB01337  |
| METLIN ID |
3449  |
| PubChem Compound |
5280383  |
| PubChem Substance |
8143275  |
| ChEBI ID |
15651  |
| CAS Registry Number |
72059-45-1 |
| InChI Identifier |
InChI=1/C20H30O3/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-15-18-19(23-18)16-14-17-20(21)22/h6-7,9-13,15,18-19H,2-5,8,14,16-17H2,1H3,(H,21,22)/b7-6-,10-9-,12-11+,15-13+/t18-,19-/m0/s1 |
| Synthesis Reference |
Not Available |
| Melting Point (Experimental) |
Not Available |
| Experimental Water Solubility |
Not Available
Source: PhysProp
|
| Predicted Water Solubility |
4.24e-04 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS]
Calculated using ALOGPS
|
| Physiological Charge |
-1 |
| State |
Solid |
| Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity |
Not Available
Source: PhysProp
|
| Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity |
5 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP]; 6.04 [Predicted by ALOGPS]
Calculated using ALOGPS
|
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) |
Not Available |
| MOL File |
Show  |
| SDF File |
Show  |
| PDB File |
Show  |
| 2D Structure |
|
| 3D Structure |
|
| Experimental PDB ID |
Not Available |
| Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum |
Not Available |
| Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum |
Not Available |
| Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum |
Not Available |
| Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum |
Show Image Show Peaklist
|
| Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum |
Show Image Show Peaklist
|
| Mass Spectrum |
Not Available |
| Simplified TOCSY Spectrum |
Not Available |
| BMRB Spectrum |
Not Available |
| Cellular Location |
- Membrane (Predicted from LogP)
- Cytoplasm
- endoplasmic reticulum
|
| Biofluid Location |
Not Available |
| Tissue Location |
| Tissue |
References |
| Epidermis |
— |
|
| Concentrations (Normal) |
Not Available |
| Concentrations (Abnormal) |
Not Available |
| Associated Disorders |
Not Available |
| OMIM ID |
Not Available |
| Pathways |
|
| General References |
- Luscinskas FW, Nicolaou KC, Webber SE, Veale CA, Gimbrone MA Jr, Serhan CN: Ca2+ mobilization with leukotriene A4 and epoxytetraenes in human neutrophils. Biochem Pharmacol. 1990 Jan 15;39(2):355-65. [PubMed
]
- Iversen L, Fogh K, Ziboh VA, Kristensen P, Schmedes A, Kragballe K: Leukotriene B4 formation during human neutrophil keratinocyte interactions: evidence for transformation of leukotriene A4 by putative keratinocyte leukotriene A4 hydrolase. J Invest Dermatol. 1993 Mar;100(3):293-8. [PubMed
]
- MacMillan DK, Hill E, Sala A, Sigal E, Shuman T, Henson PM, Murphy RC: Eosinophil 15-lipoxygenase is a leukotriene A4 synthase. J Biol Chem. 1994 Oct 28;269(43):26663-8. [PubMed
]
- Iversen L, Ziboh VA, Shimizu T, Ohishi N, Radmark O, Wetterholm A, Kragballe K: Identification and subcellular localization of leukotriene A4-hydrolase activity in human epidermis. J Dermatol Sci. 1994 Jun;7(3):191-201. [PubMed
]
- Nicholson DW, Klemba MW, Rasper DM, Metters KM, Zamboni RJ, Ford-Hutchinson AW: Purification of human leukotriene C4 synthase from dimethylsulfoxide-differentiated U937 cells. Eur J Biochem. 1992 Oct 15;209(2):725-34. [PubMed
]
- Wikipedia

|
| Metabolic Enzymes |
- Leukotriene C4 synthase
- Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
- Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase
|
|
Enzyme 1
[top]
|
| Enzyme 1 ID |
6087 |
| Enzyme 1 Name |
Leukotriene C4 synthase |
| Enzyme 1 Synonyms |
- LTC4 synthase
- Leukotriene-C(4) synthase
|
| Enzyme 1 Gene Name |
LTC4S |
| Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence |
>Leukotriene C4 synthase
MKDEVALLAAVTLLGVLLQAYFSLQVISARRAFRVSPPLTTGPPEFERVYRAQVNCSEYF
PLFLATLWVAGIFFHEGAAALCGLVYLFARLRYFQGYARSAQLRLAPLYASARALWLLVA
LAALGLLAHFLPAALRAALLGRLRTLLPWA
|
| Enzyme 1 Number of Residues |
150 |
| Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight |
16566.5 |
| Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI |
10.40 |
| Enzyme 1 GO Classification |
| Function |
- enzyme activator activity
- enzyme regulator activity
|
| Process |
- carboxylic acid metabolic process
- cellular metabolic process
- fatty acid metabolic process
- icosanoid metabolic process
- leukotriene metabolic process
- metabolic process
- monocarboxylic acid metabolic process
- organic acid metabolic process
- oxoacid metabolic process
- unsaturated fatty acid metabolic process
|
| Component |
- cell part
- integral to membrane
- intrinsic to membrane
- membrane part
|
|
| Enzyme 1 General Function |
Involved in enzyme activator activity |
| Enzyme 1 Specific Function |
Catalyzes the conjugation of leukotriene A4 with reduced glutathione to form leukotriene C4 |
| Enzyme 1 Pathways |
|
| Enzyme 1 Reactions |
- leukotriene C4 = leukotriene A4 + glutathione [RN:R03059]
|
| Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function |
|
| Enzyme 1 Signals |
|
| Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions |
|
| Enzyme 1 Essentiality |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
Q16873  |
| Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
LTC4S_HUMAN  |
| Enzyme 1 PDB ID |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 1 Cellular Location |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence |
>453 bp
ATGAAGGACGAGGTAGCTCTACTGGCTGCTGTCACCCTCCTGGGAGTCCTGCTGCAAGCC
TACTTCTCCCTGCAGGTGATCTCGGCGCGCAGGGCCTTCCGCGTGTCGCCGCCGCTCACC
ACCGGCCCACCCGAGTTCGAGCGCGTCTACCGAGCCCAGGTGAACTGCAGCGAGTACTTC
CCGCTGTTCCTCGCCACGCTCTGGGTCGCCGGCATCTTCTTTCATGAAGGGGCGGCGGCC
CTGTGCGGCCTGGTCTACCTGTTCGCGCGCCTCCGCTACTTCCAGGGCTACGCGCGCTCC
GCGCAGCTCAGGCTGGCACCGCTGTACGCGAGCGCGCGCGCCCTCTGGCTGCTGGTGGCG
CTGGCTGCGCTCGGCCTGCTCGCCCACTTCCTCCCGGCCGCGCTGCGCGCCGCGCTCCTC
GGACGGCTCCGGACGCTGCTGCCGTGGGCCTGA
|
| Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID |
U09353  |
| Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID |
LTC4S  |
| Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID |
LTC4S  |
| Enzyme 1 HGNC ID |
HGNC:6719  |
| Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location |
5 |
| Enzyme 1 Locus |
5q35 |
| Enzyme 1 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
| Enzyme 1 General References |
- Lam BK, Penrose JF, Freeman GJ, Austen KF: Expression cloning of a cDNA for human leukotriene C4 synthase, an integral membrane protein conjugating reduced glutathione to leukotriene A4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 2;91(16):7663-7. [PubMed
]
- Welsch DJ, Creely DP, Hauser SD, Mathis KJ, Krivi GG, Isakson PC: Molecular cloning and expression of human leukotriene-C4 synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Oct 11;91(21):9745-9. [PubMed
]
- Penrose JF, Spector J, Baldasaro M, Xu K, Boyce J, Arm JP, Austen KF, Lam BK: Molecular cloning of the gene for human leukotriene C4 synthase. Organization, nucleotide sequence, and chromosomal localization to 5q35. J Biol Chem. 1996 May 10;271(19):11356-61. [PubMed
]
- Bigby TD, Hodulik CR, Arden KC, Fu L: Molecular cloning of the human leukotriene C4 synthase gene and assignment to chromosome 5q35. Mol Med. 1996 Sep;2(5):637-46. [PubMed
]
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed
]
- Nicholson DW, Ali A, Vaillancourt JP, Calaycay JR, Mumford RA, Zamboni RJ, Ford-Hutchinson AW: Purification to homogeneity and the N-terminal sequence of human leukotriene C4 synthase: a homodimeric glutathione S-transferase composed of 18-kDa subunits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Mar 1;90(5):2015-9. [PubMed
]
- Penrose JF, Spector J, Lam BK, Friend DS, Xu K, Jack RM, Austen KF: Purification of human lung leukotriene C4 synthase and preparation of a polyclonal antibody. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 Jul;152(1):283-9. [PubMed
]
- Goppelt-Struebe M: Two step purification of human and murine leukotriene C4 synthase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 May 17;1256(2):257-61. [PubMed
]
- Mayatepek E, Flock B: Leukotriene C4-synthesis deficiency: a new inborn error of metabolism linked to a fatal developmental syndrome. Lancet. 1998 Nov 7;352(9139):1514-7. [PubMed
]
- Mayatepek E, Zelezny R, Lehmann WD, Hammond JW, Hoffmann GF: Defects in the synthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes: a new group of inborn errors of metabolism. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2000 Jun;23(4):404-8. [PubMed
]
- Christmas P, Weber BM, McKee M, Brown D, Soberman RJ: Membrane localization and topology of leukotriene C4 synthase. J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 9;277(32):28902-8. Epub 2002 May 21. [PubMed
]
- Strid T, Svartz J, Franck N, Hallin E, Ingelsson B, Soderstrom M, Hammarstrom S: Distinct parts of leukotriene C(4) synthase interact with 5-lipoxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase activating protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Apr 17;381(4):518-22. Epub 2009 Feb 20. [PubMed
]
- Ago H, Kanaoka Y, Irikura D, Lam BK, Shimamura T, Austen KF, Miyano M: Crystal structure of a human membrane protein involved in cysteinyl leukotriene biosynthesis. Nature. 2007 Aug 2;448(7153):609-12. Epub 2007 Jul 15. [PubMed
]
- Martinez Molina D, Wetterholm A, Kohl A, McCarthy AA, Niegowski D, Ohlson E, Hammarberg T, Eshaghi S, Haeggstrom JZ, Nordlund P: Structural basis for synthesis of inflammatory mediators by human leukotriene C4 synthase. Nature. 2007 Aug 2;448(7153):613-6. Epub 2007 Jul 15. [PubMed
]
|
| Enzyme 1 Metabolite References |
Not Available |
|
Enzyme 2
[top]
|
| Enzyme 2 ID |
6260 |
| Enzyme 2 Name |
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase |
| Enzyme 2 Synonyms |
- 5-LO
- 5-lipoxygenase
|
| Enzyme 2 Gene Name |
ALOX5 |
| Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence |
>Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
MPSYTVTVATGSQWFAGTDDYIYLSLVGSAGCSEKHLLDKPFYNDFERGAVDSYDVTVDE
ELGEIQLVRIEKRKYWLNDDWYLKYITLKTPHGDYIEFPCYRWITGDVEVVLRDGRAKLA
RDDQIHILKQHRRKELETRQKQYRWMEWNPGFPLSIDAKCHKDLPRDIQFDSEKGVDFVL
NYSKAMENLFINRFMHMFQSSWNDFADFEKIFVKISNTISERVMNHWQEDLMFGYQFLNG
CNPVLIRRCTELPEKLPVTTEMVECSLERQLSLEQEVQQGNIFIVDFELLDGIDANKTDP
CTLQFLAAPICLLYKNLANKIVPIAIQLNQIPGDENPIFLPSDAKYDWLLAKIWVRSSDF
HVHQTITHLLRTHLVSEVFGIAMYRQLPAVHPIFKLLVAHVRFTIAINTKAREQLICECG
LFDKANATGGGGHVQMVQRAMKDLTYASLCFPEAIKARGMESKEDIPYYFYRDDGLLVWE
AIRTFTAEVVDIYYEGDQVVEEDPELQDFVNDVYVYGMRGRKSSGFPKSVKSREQLSEYL
TVVIFTASAQHAAVNFGQYDWCSWIPNAPPTMRAPPPTAKGVVTIEQIVDTLPDRGRSCW
HLGAVWALSQFQENELFLGMYPEEHFIEKPVKEAMARFRKNLEAIVSVIAERNKKKQLPY
YYLSPDRIPNSVAI
|
| Enzyme 2 Number of Residues |
674 |
| Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight |
77982.6 |
| Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI |
5.54 |
| Enzyme 2 GO Classification |
| Function |
- binding
- catalytic activity
- cation binding
- ion binding
- iron ion binding
- lipoxygenase activity
- metal ion binding
- oxidoreductase activity
- oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen
- oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen
- transition metal ion binding
|
| Process |
- carboxylic acid metabolic process
- cellular metabolic process
- fatty acid metabolic process
- icosanoid metabolic process
- leukotriene metabolic process
- metabolic process
- monocarboxylic acid metabolic process
- organic acid metabolic process
- oxidation reduction
- oxoacid metabolic process
- unsaturated fatty acid metabolic process
|
| Component |
| — |
|
| Enzyme 2 General Function |
Involved in metal ion binding |
| Enzyme 2 Specific Function |
Catalyzes the first step in leukotriene biosynthesis, and thereby plays a role in inflammatory processes |
| Enzyme 2 Pathways |
|
| Enzyme 2 Reactions |
- (1) arachidonate + O2 = (5S,6S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5,6-epoxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoate + H2O (overall reaction) [RN:R08527]
- (2) (1a) arachidonate + O2 = (5S,6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroperoxyicosa-6,8,11,14-tetraenoate [RN:R01595]
- (3) (1b) (5S,6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroperoxyicosa-6,8,11,14-tetraenoate = (5S,6S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5,6-epoxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoate + H2O [RN:R03058]
|
| Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function |
|
| Enzyme 2 Signals |
|
| Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions |
|
| Enzyme 2 Essentiality |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
P09917  |
| Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
LOX5_HUMAN  |
| Enzyme 2 PDB ID |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 2 Cellular Location |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence |
>2025 bp
ATGCCCTCCTACACGGTCACCGTGGCCACTGGCAGCCAGTGGTTCGCCGGCACTGACGAC
TACATCTACCTCAGCCTCGTGGGCTCGGCGGGCTGCAGCGAGAAGCACCTGCTGGACAAG
CCCTTCTACAACGACTTCGAGCGTGGCGCGGTGGATTCATACGACGTGACTGTGGACGAG
GAACTGGGCGAGATCCAGCTGGTCAGAATCGAGAAGCGCAAGTACTGGCTGAATGACGAC
TGGTACCTGAAGTACATCACGCTGAAGACGCCCCACGGGGACTACATCGAGTTCCCCTGC
TACCGCTGGATCACCGGCGATGTCGAGGTTGTCCTGAGGGATGGACGCGCAAAGTTGGCC
CGAGATGACCAAATTCACATTCTCAAGCAACACCGACGTAAAGAACTGGAAACACGGCAA
AAACAATATCGATGGATGGAGTGGAACCCTGGCTTCCCCTTGAGCATCGATGCCAAATGC
CACAAGGATTTACCCCGTGATATCCAGTTTGATAGTGAAAAAGGAGTGGACTTTGTTCTG
AATTACTCCAAAGCGATGGAGAACCTGTTCATCAACCGCTTCATGCACATGTTCCAGTCT
TCTTGGAATGACTTCGCCGACTTTGAGAAAATCTTTGTCAAGATCAGCAACACTATTTCT
GAGCGGGTCATGAATCACTGGCAGGAAGACCTGATGTTTGGCTACCAGTTCCTGAATGGC
TGCAACCCTGTGTTGATCCGGCGCTGCACAGAGCTGCCCGAGAAGCTCCCGGTGACCACG
GAGATGGTAGAGTGCAGCCTGGAGCGGCAGCTCAGCTTGGAGCAGGAGGTCCAGCAAGGG
AACATTTTCATCGTGGACTTTGAGCTGCTGGATGGCATCGATGCCAACAAAACAGACCCC
TGCACACTCCAGTTCCTGGCCGCTCCCATCTGCTTGCTGTATAAGAACCTGGCCAACAAG
ATTGTCCCCATTGCCATCCAGCTCAACCAAATCCCGGGAGATGAGAACCCTATTTTCCTC
CCTTCGGATGCAAAATACGACTGGCTTTTGGCCAAAATCTGGGTGCGTTCCAGTGACTTC
CACGTCCACCAGACCATCACCCACCTTCTGCGAACACATCTGGTGTCTGAGGTTTTTGGC
ATTGCAATGTACCGCCAGCTGCCTGCTGTGCACCCCATTTTCAAGCTGCTGGTGGCACAC
GTGAGATTCACCATTGCAATCAACACCAAGGCCCGTGAGCAGCTCATCTGCGAGTGTGGC
CTCTTTGACAAGGCCAACGCCACAGGGGGCGGTGGGCACGTGCAGATGGTGCAGAGGGCC
ATGAAGGACCTGACCTATGCCTCCCTGTGCTTTCCCGAGGCCATCAAGGCCCGGGGCATG
GAGAGCAAAGAAGACATCCCCTACTACTTCTACCGGGACGACGGGCTCCTGGTGTGGGAA
GCCATCAGGACGTTCACGGCCGAGGTGGTAGACATCTACTACGAGGGCGACCAGGTGGTG
GAGGAGGACCCGGAGCTGCAGGACTTCGTGAACGATGTCTACGTGTACGGCATGCGGGGC
CGCAAGTCCTCAGGCTTCCCCAAGTCGGTCAAGAGCCGGGAGCAGCTGTCGGAGTACCTG
ACCGTGGTGATCTTCACCGCCTCCGCCCAGCACGCCGCGGTCAACTTCGGCCAGTACGAC
TGGTGCTCCTGGATCCCCAATGCGCCCCCAACCATGCGAGCCCCGCCACCGACTGCCAAG
GGCGTGGTGACCATTGAGCAGATCGTGGACACGCTGCCCGACCGCGGCCGCTCCTGCTGG
CATCTGGGTGCAGTGTGGGCGCTGAGCCAGTTCCAGGAAAACGAGCTGTTCCTGGGCATG
TACCCAGAAGAGCATTTTATCGAGAAGCCTGTGAAGGAAGCCATGGCCCGATTCCGCAAG
AACCTCGAGGCCATTGTCAGCGTGATTGCTGAGCGCAACAAGAAGAAGCAGCTGCCATAT
TACTACTTGTCCCCAGACCGGATTCCGAACAGTGTGGCCATCTGA
|
| Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID |
J03600  |
| Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID |
ALOX5  |
| Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID |
ALOX5  |
| Enzyme 2 HGNC ID |
HGNC:435  |
| Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location |
1 |
| Enzyme 2 Locus |
10q11.2 |
| Enzyme 2 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
| Enzyme 2 General References |
- Dixon RA, Jones RE, Diehl RE, Bennett CD, Kargman S, Rouzer CA: Cloning of the cDNA for human 5-lipoxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(2):416-20. [PubMed
]
- Matsumoto T, Funk CD, Radmark O, Hoog JO, Jornvall H, Samuelsson B: Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of human 5-lipoxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jan;85(1):26-30. [PubMed
]
- Matsumoto T, Funk CD, Radmark O, Hoog JO, Jornvall H, Samuelsson B: Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of human 5-lipoxygenase. Adv Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot Res. 1989;19:466-9. [PubMed
]
- Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [PubMed
]
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed
]
- Funk CD, Hoshiko S, Matsumoto T, Rdmark O, Samuelsson B: Characterization of the human 5-lipoxygenase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2587-91. [PubMed
]
- Hoshiko S, Radmark O, Samuelsson B: Characterization of the human 5-lipoxygenase gene promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9073-7. [PubMed
]
- Rouzer CA, Samuelsson B: Reversible, calcium-dependent membrane association of human leukocyte 5-lipoxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(21):7393-7. [PubMed
]
- Nguyen T, Falgueyret JP, Abramovitz M, Riendeau D: Evaluation of the role of conserved His and Met residues among lipoxygenases by site-directed mutagenesis of recombinant human 5-lipoxygenase. J Biol Chem. 1991 Nov 15;266(32):22057-62. [PubMed
]
- Ishii S, Noguchi M, Miyano M, Matsumoto T, Noma M: Mutagenesis studies on the amino acid residues involved in the iron-binding and the activity of human 5-lipoxygenase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Feb 14;182(3):1482-90. [PubMed
]
- Woods JW, Evans JF, Ethier D, Scott S, Vickers PJ, Hearn L, Heibein JA, Charleson S, Singer II: 5-lipoxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein are localized in the nuclear envelope of activated human leukocytes. J Exp Med. 1993 Dec 1;178(6):1935-46. [PubMed
]
- Werz O, Szellas D, Steinhilber D, Radmark O: Arachidonic acid promotes phosphorylation of 5-lipoxygenase at Ser-271 by MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2). J Biol Chem. 2002 Apr 26;277(17):14793-800. Epub 2002 Feb 13. [PubMed
]
- Luo M, Jones SM, Phare SM, Coffey MJ, Peters-Golden M, Brock TG: Protein kinase A inhibits leukotriene synthesis by phosphorylation of 5-lipoxygenase on serine 523. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 1;279(40):41512-20. Epub 2004 Jul 26. [PubMed
]
- Flamand N, Lefebvre J, Surette ME, Picard S, Borgeat P: Arachidonic acid regulates the translocation of 5-lipoxygenase to the nuclear membranes in human neutrophils. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jan 6;281(1):129-36. Epub 2005 Nov 7. [PubMed
]
- Strid T, Svartz J, Franck N, Hallin E, Ingelsson B, Soderstrom M, Hammarstrom S: Distinct parts of leukotriene C(4) synthase interact with 5-lipoxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase activating protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Apr 17;381(4):518-22. Epub 2009 Feb 20. [PubMed
]
- Flamand N, Luo M, Peters-Golden M, Brock TG: Phosphorylation of serine 271 on 5-lipoxygenase and its role in nuclear export. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jan 2;284(1):306-13. Epub 2008 Nov 1. [PubMed
]
- Goodman JE, Bowman ED, Chanock SJ, Alberg AJ, Harris CC: Arachidonate lipoxygenase (ALOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) polymorphisms and colon cancer risk. Carcinogenesis. 2004 Dec;25(12):2467-72. Epub 2004 Aug 12. [PubMed
]
|
| Enzyme 2 Metabolite References |
Not Available |
|
Enzyme 3
[top]
|
| Enzyme 3 ID |
6303 |
| Enzyme 3 Name |
Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase |
| Enzyme 3 Synonyms |
- LTA-4 hydrolase
- Leukotriene A(4) hydrolase
|
| Enzyme 3 Gene Name |
LTA4H |
| Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence |
>Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase
MPEIVDTCSLASPASVCRTKHLHLRCSVDFTRRTLTGTAALTVQSQEDNLRSLVLDTKDL
TIEKVVINGQEVKYALGERQSYKGSPMEISLPIALSKNQEIVIEISFETSPKSSALQWLT
PEQTSGKEHPYLFSQCQAIHCRAILPCQDTPSVKLTYTAEVSVPKELVALMSAIRDGETP
DPEDPSRKIYKFIQKVPIPCYLIALVVGALESRQIGPRTLVWSEKEQVEKSAYEFSETES
MLKIAEDLGGPYVWGQYDLLVLPPSFPYGGMENPCLTFVTPTLLAGDKSLSNVIAHEISH
SWTGNLVTNKTWDHFWLNEGHTVYLERHICGRLFGEKFRHFNALGGWGELQNSVKTFGET
HPFTKLVVDLTDIDPDVAYSSVPYEKGFALLFYLEQLLGGPEIFLGFLKAYVEKFSYKSI
TTDDWKDFLYSYFKDKVDVLNQVDWNAWLYSPGLPPIKPNYDMTLTNACIALSQRWITAK
EDDLNSFNATDLKDLSSHQLNEFLAQTLQRAPLPLGHIKRMQEVYNFNAINNSEIRFRWL
RLCIQSKWEDAIPLALKMATEQGRMKFTRPLFKDLAAFDKSHDQAVRTYQEHKASMHPVT
AMLVGKDLKVD
|
| Enzyme 3 Number of Residues |
611 |
| Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight |
69284.6 |
| Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI |
6.10 |
| Enzyme 3 GO Classification |
| Function |
- binding
- catalytic activity
- cation binding
- ether hydrolase activity
- hydrolase activity
- hydrolase activity, acting on ether bonds
- ion binding
- leukotriene-A4 hydrolase activity
- metal ion binding
- metallopeptidase activity
- peptidase activity
- peptidase activity, acting on L-amino acid peptides
- transition metal ion binding
- zinc ion binding
|
| Process |
- carboxylic acid metabolic process
- cellular metabolic process
- fatty acid metabolic process
- icosanoid metabolic process
- leukotriene biosynthetic process
- leukotriene metabolic process
- macromolecule metabolic process
- metabolic process
- monocarboxylic acid metabolic process
- organic acid metabolic process
- oxoacid metabolic process
- protein metabolic process
- proteolysis
- unsaturated fatty acid metabolic process
|
| Component |
| — |
|
| Enzyme 3 General Function |
Involved in binding |
| Enzyme 3 Specific Function |
Hydrolyzes an epoxide moiety of leukotriene A4 (LTA-4) to form leukotriene B4 (LTB-4). The enzyme also has some peptidase activity |
| Enzyme 3 Pathways |
|
| Enzyme 3 Reactions |
- (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-(5S,6S)-5,6-epoxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoate + H2O = (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-(5S,12R)-5,12-dihydroxyicosa-6,8,10,14-tetraenoate [RN:R03057]
|
| Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function |
|
| Enzyme 3 Signals |
|
| Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions |
|
| Enzyme 3 Essentiality |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID |
P09960  |
| Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name |
LKHA4_HUMAN  |
| Enzyme 3 PDB ID |
1HS6  |
| Enzyme 3 PDB File |
Show |
| Enzyme 3 3D Structure |
|
| Enzyme 3 Cellular Location |
Not Available |
| Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence |
>1836 bp
ATGCCCGAGATAGTGGATACCTGTTCGTTGGCCTCTCCGGCTTCCGTCTGCCGGACCAAG
CACCTGCACCTGCGCTGCAGCGTCGACTTTACTCGCCGGACGCTGACCGGGACTGCTGCT
CTCACGGTCCAGTCTCAGGAGGACAATCTGCGCAGCCTGGTTTTGGATACAAAGGACCTT
ACAATAGAAAAAGTAGTGATCAATGGACAAGAAGTCAAATATGCTCTTGGAGAAAGACAA
AGTTACAAGGGATCGCCAATGGAAATCTCTCTTCCTATCGCTTTGAGCAAAAATCAAGAA
ATTGTTATAGAAATTTCTTTTGAGACCTCTCCAAAATCTTCTGCTCTCCAGTGGCTCACT
CCTGAACAGACTTCTGGGAAGGAACACCCATATCTCTTTAGTCAGTGCCAGGCCATCCAC
TGCAGAGCAATCCTTCCTTGTCAGGACACTCCTTCTGTGAAATTAACCTATACTGCAGAG
GTGTCTGTCCCTAAAGAACTGGTGGCACTTATGAGTGCTATTCGTGATGGAGAAACACCT
GACCCAGAAGACCCAAGCAGGAAAATATACAAATTCATCCAAAAAGTTCCAATACCCTGC
TACCTGATTGCTTTAGTTGTTGGAGCTTTAGAAAGCAGGCAAATTGGCCCAAGAACTTTG
GTGTGGTCTGAGAAAGAGCAGGTGGAAAAGTCTGCTTATGAGTTTTCTGAGACTGAATCT
ATGCTTAAAATAGCAGAAGATCTGGGAGGACCGTATGTATGGGGACAGTATGACCTATTG
GTCCTGCCACCATCCTTCCCTTATGGTGGCATGGAGAATCCTTGCCTTACTTTTGTAACT
CCTACTCTACTGGCAGGCGACAAGTCACTCTCCAATGTCATTGCACATGAAATATCTCAT
AGCTGGACAGGGAATCTAGTGACCAACAAAACTTGGGATCACTTTTGGTTAAATGAGGGA
CATACTGTGTACTTGGAACGCCACATTTGCGGACGATTGTTTGGTGAAAAGTTCAGACAT
TTTAATGCTCTGGGAGGATGGGGAGAACTACAGAATTCGGTAAAGACATTTGGGGAGACA
CATCCTTTCACCAAACTTGTGGTTGATCTGACAGATATAGACCCTGATGTAGCTTATTCT
TCAGTTCCCTATGAGAAGGGCTTTGCTTTACTTTTTTACCTTGAACAACTGCTTGGAGGA
CCAGAGATTTTCCTAGGATTCTTAAAAGCTTATGTTGAGAAGTTTTCCTATAAGAGCATA
ACTACTGATGACTGGAAGGATTTCCTGTATTCCTATTTTAAAGATAAGGTTGATGTTCTC
AATCAAGTTGATTGGAATGCCTGGCTCTACTCTCCTGGACTGCCTCCCATAAAGCCCAAT
TATGATATGACTCTGACAAATGCTTGTATTGCCTTAAGTCAAAGATGGATTACTGCCAAA
GAAGATGATTTAAATTCATTCAATGCCACAGACCTGAAGGATCTCTCTTCTCATCAATTG
AATGAGTTTTTAGCACAGACGCTCCAGAGGGCACCTCTTCCATTGGGGCACATAAAGCGA
ATGCAAGAGGTGTACAACTTCAATGCCATTAACAATTCTGAAATACGATTCAGATGGCTG
CGGCTCTGCATTCAATCCAAGTGGGAGGACGCAATTCCTTTGGCGCTAAAGATGGCAACT
GAACAAGGAAGAATGAAGTTTACCCGGCCCTTATTCAAGGATCTTGCTGCCTTTGACAAA
TCCCATGATCAAGCTGTCCGAACCTACCAAGAGCACAAAGCAAGCATGCATCCCGTGACT
GCAATGCTGGTGGGGAAAGACTTAAAAGTGGATTAA
|
| Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID |
J03459  |
| Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID |
LTA4H  |
| Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID |
LTA4H  |
| Enzyme 3 HGNC ID |
HGNC:6710  |
| Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location |
1 |
| Enzyme 3 Locus |
12q22 |
| Enzyme 3 SNPs |
SNPJam Report  |
| Enzyme 3 General References |
- Minami M, Ohno S, Kawasaki H, Radmark O, Samuelsson B, Jornvall H, Shimizu T, Seyama Y, Suzuki K: Molecular cloning of a cDNA coding for human leukotriene A4 hydrolase. Complete primary structure of an enzyme involved in eicosanoid synthesis. J Biol Chem. 1987 Oct 15;262(29):13873-6. [PubMed
]
- Funk CD, Radmark O, Fu JY, Matsumoto T, Jornvall H, Shimizu T, Samuelsson B: Molecular cloning and amino acid sequence of leukotriene A4 hydrolase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(19):6677-81. [PubMed
]
- Mancini JA, Evans JF: Cloning and characterization of the human leukotriene A4 hydrolase gene. Eur J Biochem. 1995 Jul 1;231(1):65-71. [PubMed
]
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed
]
- Odlander B, Claesson HE, Bergman T, Radmark O, Jornvall H, Haeggstrom JZ: Leukotriene A4 hydrolase in the human B-lymphocytic cell line Raji: indications of catalytically divergent forms of the enzyme. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1991 May 15;287(1):167-74. [PubMed
]
- Radmark O, Shimizu T, Jornvall H, Samuelsson B: Leukotriene A4 hydrolase in human leukocytes. Purification and properties. J Biol Chem. 1984 Oct 25;259(20):12339-45. [PubMed
]
- Jendraschak E, Kaminski WE, Kiefl R, von Schacky C: The human leukotriene A4 hydrolase gene is expressed in two alternatively spliced mRNA forms. Biochem J. 1996 Mar 15;314 ( Pt 3):733-7. [PubMed
]
- Toh H, Minami M, Shimizu T: Molecular evolution and zinc ion binding motif of leukotriene A4 hydrolase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Aug 31;171(1):216-21. [PubMed
]
- Haeggstrom JZ, Wetterholm A, Shapiro R, Vallee BL, Samuelsson B: Leukotriene A4 hydrolase: a zinc metalloenzyme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Nov 15;172(3):965-70. [PubMed
]
- Medina JF, Wetterholm A, Radmark O, Shapiro R, Haeggstrom JZ, Vallee BL, Samuelsson B: Leukotriene A4 hydrolase: determination of the three zinc-binding ligands by site-directed mutagenesis and zinc analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Sep 1;88(17):7620-4. [PubMed
]
- Minami M, Bito H, Ohishi N, Tsuge H, Miyano M, Mori M, Wada H, Mutoh H, Shimada S, Izumi T, et al.: Leukotriene A4 hydrolase, a bifunctional enzyme. Distinction of leukotriene A4 hydrolase and aminopeptidase activities by site-directed mutagenesis at Glu-297. FEBS Lett. 1992 Sep 14;309(3):353-7. [PubMed
]
- Wetterholm A, Medina JF, Radmark O, Shapiro R, Haeggstrom JZ, Vallee BL, Samuelsson B: Leukotriene A4 hydrolase: abrogation of the peptidase activity by mutation of glutamic acid-296. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Oct 1;89(19):9141-5. [PubMed
]
- Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed
]
- Thunnissen MM, Nordlund P, Haeggstrom JZ: Crystal structure of human leukotriene A(4) hydrolase, a bifunctional enzyme in inflammation. Nat Struct Biol. 2001 Feb;8(2):131-5. [PubMed
]
- Rudberg PC, Tholander F, Thunnissen MM, Haeggstrom JZ: Leukotriene A4 hydrolase/aminopeptidase. Glutamate 271 is a catalytic residue with specific roles in two distinct enzyme mechanisms. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jan 11;277(2):1398-404. Epub 2001 Oct 23. [PubMed
]
|
| Enzyme 3 Metabolite References |
Not Available |