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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for Phosphate (HMDB01429)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2010-04-23 23:49:46
Accession Number HMDB01429
Secondary Accession Numbers HMDB05947
Common Name Phosphate
Description Phosphate (Pi) is an essential component of life. In classical endocrine regulation, low serum phosphate induces the renal production of the seco-steroid hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3).This active metabolite of vitamin D acts to restore circulating mineral levels by increasing absorption in the intestine, reabsorption in the kidney, and mobilization of calcium and phosphate from bone. Thus, chronic renal failure is associated with hyperparathyroidism, which in turn contributes to osteomalacia. Another complication of chronic renal failure is hyperphosphatemia. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) has recently been recognized as a key mediator of phosphate homeostasis, its most notable effect being promotion of phosphate excretion. FGF-23 was discovered to be involved in diseases such as autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets, X-linked hypophosphatemia, and tumor-induced osteomalacia in which phosphate wasting was coupled to inappropriately low levels of 1,25(OH)2D3. FGF-23 is regulated by dietary phosphate in humans: phosphate restriction decreased FGF-23, and phosphate loading increased FGF-23. Phosphate must be actively transported into cells against its electrochemical gradient. In vertebrates, two unrelated families of Na+-dependent Pi transporters carry out this task. Remarkably, the two families transport different Pi species: whereas type II Na+/Pi cotransporters (SCL34) prefer divalent HPO4(2), type III Na+/Pi cotransporters (SLC20) transport monovalent H2PO4. The SCL34 family comprises both electrogenic and electroneutral members that are expressed in various epithelia and other polarized cells. Through regulated activity in apical membranes of the gut and kidney, they maintain body Pi homeostasis, and in salivary and mammary glands, liver, and testes they play a role in modulating the Pi content of luminal fluids. Hyperphosphatemia is a prevalent condition in the dialysis population and is associated with increased risk of mortality. Hypophosphatemia (hungry bone syndrome) has been associated to postoperative electrolyte aberrations and after parathyroidectomy. (PMID: 17581921, 11169009, 11039261, 9159312, 17625581)
Synonyms
  1. NFB Orthophosphate
  2. O-phosphoric acid
  3. Ortho-phosphate
  4. Orthophosphate (PO43-)
  5. Orthophosphate(3-)
  6. Phosphate
  7. Phosphate (PO43-)
  8. Phosphate anion(3-)
  9. Phosphate ion (PO43-)
  10. Phosphate ion(3-)
  11. Phosphate trianion
  12. Phosphate(3-)
  13. Phosphoric acid ion(3-);Pi
Chemical IUPAC Name phosphate
Chemical Formula [PO4]3-
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Inorganic
Super Class
  • Inorganic compounds
Class
  • Inorganic Ions and Gases
Sub Class
  • Anions
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • anion
  • phosphoric acid
Biofunction
  • Osmolyte, enzyme cofactor, signalling
Application
—
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 94.971
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 94.953423
Isomeric SMILES [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O
Canonical SMILES [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O
KEGG Compound ID C00009 Link Image
BioCyc ID CPD-8587 Link Image
BiGG ID 33499 Link Image
Wikipedia Link Phosphate Link Image
NuGOwiki Link HMDB01429 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB01429 Link Image
METLIN ID 3231 Link Image
PubChem Compound 1061 Link Image
PubChem Substance 36534653 Link Image
ChEBI ID 18367 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 14265-44-2
InChI Identifier InChI=1/H3O4P/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H3,1,2,3,4)/p-3
Synthesis Reference Cremer, Josef; Hartmann, Fridolin; Rodis, Franz; Hinz, Arnulf. Preparation of alkali or alkaline earth phosphates with simultaneous recovery of volatile mineral acids. Ger. (1966), 2 pp. CODEN: GWXXAW DE 1227435 19661027 CAN 66:12584 AN 1967:12584
Melting Point (Experimental) Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility 1000 mg/mL [MERCK INDEX (1996); freely soluble] Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility Not Available Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge -3
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity -3.61 [MEYLAN,WM & HOWARD,PH (1995)] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show
SDF File Show
PDB File Show
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Not Available
Not Available
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Not Available
Mass Spectrum Not Available
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Not Available
BMRB Spectrum Not Available
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • Extracellular
  • golgi apparatus
  • lysosome
  • mitochondria
  • nucleus
  • peroxisome
Biofluid Location
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue Location Not Available
Concentrations (Normal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 379.1 +/- 31.6 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Male
Patient information Fasting
Comments Not Available
References
Biofluid Urine
Value 1364.27 +/- 915.27 umol/mmol creatinine
Age Infant:0-1 yr old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. [PubMed Link Image]
Concentrations (Abnormal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 653.0 +/- 126.0 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Hemodialysis
Comments Not Available
References
  • Oikawa O, Higuchi T, Yamazaki T, Yamamoto C, Fukuda N, Matsumoto K: Evaluation of serum fetuin-A relationships with biochemical parameters in patients on hemodialysis. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2007 Dec;11(4):304-8. Epub 2007 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 450 +/- 30 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex N/A
Condition Hypophosphatemia
Comments Moderate
References
  • Amanzadeh J, Reilly RF Jr: Hypophosphatemia: an evidence-based approach to its clinical consequences and management. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2006 Mar;2(3):136-48. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 290 +/- 50 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex N/A
Condition Hypophosphatemia
Comments Severe
References
  • Amanzadeh J, Reilly RF Jr: Hypophosphatemia: an evidence-based approach to its clinical consequences and management. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2006 Mar;2(3):136-48. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 270 (0-540) uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex N/A
Condition Hypophosphatemia
Comments Associated with hemolytic anemia
References
  • Amanzadeh J, Reilly RF Jr: Hypophosphatemia: an evidence-based approach to its clinical consequences and management. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2006 Mar;2(3):136-48. [PubMed Link Image]
Biofluid Blood
Value 610 +/- 130 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex N/A
Condition Hypophosphatemia
Comments Associated with respiratory failure
References
  • Amanzadeh J, Reilly RF Jr: Hypophosphatemia: an evidence-based approach to its clinical consequences and management. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2006 Mar;2(3):136-48. [PubMed Link Image]
Associated Disorders
Condition References
Hemodialysis
  • Oikawa O, Higuchi T, Yamazaki T, Yamamoto C, Fukuda N, Matsumoto K: Evaluation of serum fetuin-A relationships with biochemical parameters in patients on hemodialysis. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2007 Dec;11(4):304-8. Epub 2007 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
Hypophosphatemia
  • Amanzadeh J, Reilly RF Jr: Hypophosphatemia: an evidence-based approach to its clinical consequences and management. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2006 Mar;2(3):136-48. [PubMed Link Image]
OMIM ID Not Available
Pathways Not Available
General References
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Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1B
  2. Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A
  3. 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, cytosolic type
  4. 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, mitochondrial precursor
  5. ATP-citrate synthase
  6. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2
  7. Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial precursor
  8. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1
  9. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1
  10. Soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase 1
  11. Alkaline phosphatase, placental type precursor
  12. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase precursor
  13. Lysosomal acid phosphatase precursor
  14. Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase
  15. Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme precursor
  16. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 precursor
  17. Prostatic acid phosphatase precursor
  18. Alkaline phosphatase, placental-like precursor
  19. Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 2
  20. Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 1
  21. Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 3
  22. Propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta chain, mitochondrial precursor
  23. Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase [ammonia], mitochondrial precursor
  24. Type I inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase
  25. Inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase
  26. Skeletal muscle and kidney-enriched inositol phosphatase
  27. Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase precursor
  28. Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form
  29. Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form
  30. Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form
  31. Glucose-6-phosphatase
  32. S-methyl-5-thioadenosine phosphorylase
  33. S-adenosylmethionine synthetase isoform type-1
  34. Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase beta chain, mitochondrial precursor
  35. Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase subunit alpha, mitochondrial precursor
  36. Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit
  37. Uridine phosphorylase 1
  38. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
  39. Acylphosphatase-2
  40. Selenide, water dikinase 1
  41. Selenide, water dikinase 2
  42. CTP synthase 1
  43. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific
  44. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
  45. Glutathione synthetase
  46. 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3
  47. 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4
  48. 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 1
  49. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase isozyme 2
  50. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1
  51. 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 2
  52. Beta-galactosidase precursor
  53. Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial precursor
  54. Delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase
  55. 5-oxoprolinase
  56. Adenylosuccinate synthetase isozyme 1
  57. Phosphoserine phosphatase
  58. Succinyl-CoA ligase [GDP-forming] subunit alpha, mitochondrial precursor
  59. Succinyl-CoA ligase [GDP-forming] beta-chain, mitochondrial precursor
  60. Multifunctional protein ADE2 [Includes: Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole- succinocarboxamide synthase
  61. Diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase
  62. Inorganic pyrophosphatase
  63. mRNA-capping enzyme
  64. Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IG
  65. Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IH
  66. Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 3
  67. Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A1
  68. Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit G 3
  69. Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase VA
  70. Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit G 1
  71. Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IC
  72. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3
  73. Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1
  74. ATP synthase epsilon chain, mitochondrial
  75. ATP synthase delta chain, mitochondrial precursor
  76. Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IIA
  77. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2
  78. Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2
  79. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1
  80. Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase VD
  81. Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3
  82. Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit C 1
  83. Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit G 2
  84. ATP synthase coupling factor 6, mitochondrial precursor
  85. Bifunctional polynucleotide phosphatase/kinase
  86. Polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1, mitochondrial precursor
  87. Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit B, kidney isoform
  88. Potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 2
  89. X/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-m
  90. ATP synthase protein 8
  91. ATP synthase e chain, mitochondrial
  92. ATP synthase gamma chain, mitochondrial precursor
  93. Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit d 1
  94. Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase LCK
  95. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase alpha-1 chain precursor
  96. Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1
  97. 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase
  98. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase alpha-3 chain
  99. ATP synthase B chain, mitochondrial precursor
  100. Vesicle-fusing ATPase
  101. ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial precursor
  102. Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IIB
  103. Potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 1
  104. Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IM
  105. Vacuolar ATP synthase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit
  106. Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IF
  107. Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IK
  108. ATP synthase D chain, mitochondrial
  109. ATP synthase f chain, mitochondrial
  110. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase alpha-2 chain precursor
  111. Inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase OCRL-1
  112. Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual- specificity protein phosphatase PTEN
  113. Synaptojanin-2
  114. 72 kDa inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase
  115. Synaptojanin-1
  116. Thiamine-triphosphatase
  117. Type II inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase precursor
  118. Elongation factor 1-alpha 1
  119. Laforin
  120. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit
  121. Aprataxin
  122. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6
  123. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform
  124. Leukocyte common antigen precursor
  125. Copper-transporting ATPase 2
  126. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor Edg-1
  127. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase alpha precursor
  128. Myotubularin
  129. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 2
  130. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 2
  131. Leukemia virus receptor 2
  132. Vacuolar proton translocating ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 2
  133. Sodium-dependent phosphate transporter 1
  134. Succinate-CoA ligase, ADP-forming, beta subunit
  135. Myotubularin-related protein 3
  136. Phosphoethanolamine/phosphocholine phosphatase
  137. ATP synthase lipid-binding protein, mitochondrial precursor
  138. Phosphate carrier protein, mitochondrial precursor
  139. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase alpha-4 chain
  140. Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase III
  141. ENTPD4 protein
  142. Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B
  143. Sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 1
  144. Inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase
  145. ATP synthase lipid-binding protein, mitochondrial precursor
  146. Type II inositol-3,4-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase
  147. CAD protein [Includes: Glutamine-dependent carbamoyl-phosphate synthase
  148. Mannose-1-phosphate guanyltransferase subunit beta
  149. GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase A
  150. Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1
  151. Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase
  152. Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit d 2
  153. Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit E 2
  154. Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit C 2
  155. Uncharacterized protein ENSP00000330918
  156. 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase, mitochondrial precursor
  157. Inorganic pyrophosphatase 2, mitochondrial precursor
  158. Glucose-6-phosphatase 3
  159. Glucose-6-phosphatase 2
  160. Type I inositol-3,4-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase
  161. Lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase type 6 precursor
  162. Plasticity related gene 1
  163. Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase TPTE2
  164. N-acylneuraminate-9-phosphatase
  165. cDNA FLJ75978, highly similar to Homo sapiens ornithine carbamoyltransferase
  166. cDNA FLJ78616, highly similar to Homo sapiens phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase, phosphoribosylglycinamide synthetase, phosphoribosylaminoimidazole synthetase
  167. C1-tetrahydrofolate synthase
  168. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase
  169. Glutamine synthetase
  170. Multiple inositol polyphosphate phosphatase 1 precursor
  171. Protein-tyrosine phosphatase mitochondrial 1, mitochondrial precursor
  172. Propionyl-CoA carboxylase alpha subunit
  173. cDNA FLJ75757, highly similar to Homo sapiens PAP-inositol-1,4- phosphatase
  174. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8
  175. Magnesium-dependent phosphatase 1
  176. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform
  177. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform
  178. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase with EF-hands 1
  179. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase with EF-hands 2
  180. Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA protein 3
  181. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 7
  182. [Pyruvate dehydrogenase [lipoamide]]-phosphatase 2, mitochondrial precursor
  183. Dynamin-1
  184. Dynamin-2
  185. Elongation factor G 1, mitochondrial precursor
  186. Elongation factor G 2, mitochondrial precursor
  187. Elongation factor Tu, mitochondrial precursor
  188. Elongation factor Tu GTP-binding domain-containing protein 1
  189. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit
  190. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform
  191. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit
  192. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 5
  193. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6
  194. Enolase-phosphatase E1
  195. Eyes absent homolog 1
  196. Eyes absent homolog 2
  197. Diphosphoinositol polyphosphate phosphohydrolase 3 beta
  198. Diphosphoinositol polyphosphate phosphohydrolase 2
  199. [Pyruvate dehydrogenase [lipoamide]]-phosphatase 1, mitochondrial precursor
  200. Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase PHOSPHO2
  201. Nuclear inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1
  202. Protein phosphatase 1A
  203. Protein phosphatase 1B
  204. Protein phosphatase 1D
  205. Protein phosphatase 1E
  206. Protein phosphatase 1F
  207. Protein phosphatase 1G
  208. Protein phosphatase 1M
  209. Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 1
  210. PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase-like
  211. PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase
  212. Putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin
  213. Dual specificity protein phosphatase CDC14A
  214. Dual specificity protein phosphatase CDC14B
  215. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3
  216. RNA polymerase II subunit A C-terminal domain phosphatase
  217. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase dullard
  218. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 10
  219. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 12
  220. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 13
  221. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 16
  222. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 19
  223. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 1
  224. Dual specificity phosphatase 28
  225. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 3
  226. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 4
  227. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 5
  228. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 6
  229. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 7
  230. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 8
  231. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 9
  232. Lipid phosphate phosphatase-related protein type 2
  233. Plasticity related gene 2a
  234. M-phase inducer phosphatase 1
  235. M-phase inducer phosphatase 2
  236. M-phase inducer phosphatase 3
  237. Myotubularin-related protein 4
  238. Myotubularin-related protein 14
  239. Protein phosphatase 1H
  240. Protein phosphatase 1J
  241. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11
  242. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12
  243. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 13
  244. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 14
  245. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 18
  246. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1
  247. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 21
  248. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 22
  249. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2
  250. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 3
  251. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 4
  252. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 5
  253. Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 9
  254. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase N2 precursor
  255. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase beta precursor
  256. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase delta precursor
  257. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon precursor
  258. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F precursor
  259. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase gamma precursor
  260. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase eta precursor
  261. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase kappa precursor
  262. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase mu precursor
  263. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase O precursor
  264. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase R precursor
  265. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase S precursor
  266. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase T precursor
  267. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase U precursor
  268. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zeta precursor
  269. Uncharacterized protein ENSP00000334514
  270. Uncharacterized protein ENSP00000335536
  271. Protein phosphatase Slingshot homolog 1
  272. Protein phosphatase Slingshot homolog 2
  273. CDNA FLJ10947 fis, clone PLACE1000066, weakly similar to SSU72 PROTEIN
  274. Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA protein 1
  275. Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA protein 2
  276. Putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase TPTE
  277. cDNA FLJ75877, highly similar to Homo sapiens 5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic II (NT5C2), mRNA
  278. cDNA FLJ75059, highly similar to Homo sapiens phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase (FGAR amidotransferase) (PFAS), mRNA
  279. Putative uncharacterized protein TTL (Tubulin tyrosine ligase)
  280. Putative uncharacterized protein DKFZp761J1915 (Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 6 (Putative function), isoform CRA_a)
  281. Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5 (Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5, isoform CRA_d)
  282. Testicular acid phosphatase
  283. CDKN3 protein (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDK2-associated dual specificity phosphatase), isoform CRA_c)
  284. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 14
  285. Uncharacterized protein DUSP15
  286. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta
  287. PPM1B beta isoform variant 4
  288. Serine/threonine protein phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.16)
  289. cDNA FLJ76978, highly similar to Homo sapiens protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), regulatory subunit B'', alpha (PPP2R3A), transcript variant 1, mRNA (Protein phosphatase 2 (Formerly 2A), regulatory subunit B'', alpha, isoform CRA_a)
  290. Serine/threonine protein phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.16)
  291. Carboxy-terminal domain RNA polymerase II polypeptide A small phosphatase 1
  292. Dual specificity protein phosphatase 21
  293. Uncharacterized protein CDC14C
  294. cDNA FLJ75328, highly similar to Homo sapiens ATPase, Ca++ transporting, cardiac muscle, fast twitch1 (ATP2A1), transcript variant b, mRNA
  295. Putative uncharacterized protein DKFZp686I0955
  296. ATP8A1 protein (ATPase, aminophospholipid transporter (APLT), Class I, type 8A, member 1, isoform CRA_a)
  297. CDNA FLJ45330 fis, clone BRHIP3007195, highly similar to Potential phospholipid-transporting ATPase IB (EC 3.6.3.13)
  298. ATPase, class I, type 8B, member 2
  299. T-cell, immune regulator 1, ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit A3 (T-cell, immune regulator 1, ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit A3, isoform CRA_c)
  300. cDNA FLJ76372, highly similar to Homo sapiens ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F0 complex, subunit G, mRNA (HCG2043599, isoform CRA_b)
  301. V-type proton ATPase subunit e 2
  302. cDNA FLJ76178, highly similar to Homo sapiens ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, beta polypeptide (ATP5B), mRNA (ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, beta polypeptide)
  303. ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit a isoform 4 (ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit a4, isoform CRA_a)
  304. Uncharacterized protein ATP6V1E1
  305. Uncharacterized protein ATP6V0B (ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 21kDa, V0 subunit b, isoform CRA_b)
  306. Vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase
  307. ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal accessory protein 1 (ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal accessory protein 1, isoform CRA_d) (cDNA FLJ78461, highly similar to Homo sapiens ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal accessory protein 1 (ATP6AP1), mRNA) (Fragment
  308. ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 14kDa, V1 subunit F (ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 14kDa, V1 subunit F, isoform CRA_a)
  309. cDNA FLJ77987, highly similar to Homo sapiens katanin p60 subunit A- like 1, mRNA (Katanin p60 subunit A-like 1, isoform CRA_a)
  310. cDNA FLJ75807, highly similar to Homo sapiens pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase isoenzyme 2 (PDP2), mRNA (HCG1774842)
  311. cDNA FLJ76814, highly similar to Homo sapiens dynamin 1-like (DNM1L), transcript variant 3, mRNA
  312. Receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase hPTP-J precursor
  313. Protein tyrosine phosphatase domain-containing protein 1
  314. cDNA FLJ75567, highly similar to Homo sapiens protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 23 (PTPN23), mRNA (Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 23, isoform CRA_b)
  315. cDNA FLJ75657, highly similar to Homo sapiens protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1 (PTPN1), mRNA (Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1, isoform CRA_c)
  316. cDNA FLJ77053, highly similar to Homo sapiens protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 6 (PTPN6), transcript variant 1, mRNA (Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 6, isoform CRA_d)
  317. cDNA FLJ75588, highly similar to Homo sapiens protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 (Noonan syndrome 1) (PTPN11), mRNA (Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 (Noonan syndrome 1), isoform CRA_b)
  318. CDNA FLJ44133 fis, clone THYMU2008725, highly similar to PROTEIN- TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE BETA (EC 3.1.3.48)
  319. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D
  320. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase H
  321. PTPRJ protein
  322. PTPRM protein
  323. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase-like N
  324. Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, sigma isoform 3 variant (Fragment)
  325. cDNA FLJ76461, highly similar to Homo sapiens protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA, member 2 (PTP4A2), transcript variant 1, mRNA (Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA, member 2, isoform CRA_a)
  326. Myotubularin related protein 3 (Myotubularin related protein 3, isoform CRA_f)
  327. cDNA, FLJ95575, highly similar to Homo sapiens endothelial cell growth factor 1 (platelet-derived) (ECGF1), mRNA
  328. cDNA, FLJ95508, highly similar to Homo sapiens 5'-nucleotidase, ecto (CD73) (NT5E), mRNA
  329. cDNA, FLJ92383, Homo sapiens acylphosphatase 1, erythrocyte (common) type (ACYP1), mRNA (Acylphosphatase 1, erythrocyte (Common) type)
  330. cDNA, FLJ93839, highly similar to Homo sapiens ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3 (ENTPD3), mRNA (Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3, isoform CRA_b)
  331. cDNA FLJ43342 fis, clone NT2RI3007978, highly similar to CTP synthase 2 (EC 6.3.4.2)
  332. Putative uncharacterized protein
  333. Adenylosuccinate synthetase
  334. cDNA, FLJ96235, Homo sapiens phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH), mRNA (Phosphoserine phosphatase, isoform CRA_a)
  335. cDNA, FLJ93260, Homo sapiens inositol(myo)-1(or 4)-monophosphatase 1 (IMPA1), mRNA (Inositol(Myo)-1(Or 4)-monophosphatase 1, isoform CRA_a)
  336. Inositol monophosphatase 2 variant 1 (Inositol(Myo)-1(Or 4)-monophosphatase 2, isoform CRA_b)
  337. cDNA, FLJ96858, Homo sapiens N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (sialic acid synthase) (NANS), mRNA (N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (Sialic acid synthase), isoform CRA_b)
  338. cDNA FLJ30910 fis, clone FEBRA2006270, highly similar to N-acylneuraminate-9-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.29)
  339. Putative uncharacterized protein ACP1
  340. Methionine adenosyltransferase II, beta, isoform CRA_a
  341. cDNA FLJ30970 fis, clone HEART2000444, highly similar to Homo sapiens phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase (LHPP), mRNA
  342. cDNA, FLJ92787, highly similar to Homo sapiens phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2B (PPAP2B), mRNA (Phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2B, isoform CRA_a)
  343. cDNA FLJ31512 fis, clone NT2RI1000048, highly similar to Dual specificity protein phosphatase 18 (EC 3.1.3.48)
  344. cDNA, FLJ95698, Homo sapiens dual specificity phosphatase 4 (DUSP4), transcript variant 1, mRNA (Dual specificity phosphatase 4, isoform CRA_a)
  345. cDNA, FLJ94996, highly similar to Homo sapiens dual specificity phosphatase 9 (DUSP9), mRNA
  346. cDNA FLJ45992 fis, clone SKMUS2008585, highly similar to Homo sapiens dual specificity phosphatase 13 (DUSP13), transcript variant 3, mRNA
  347. Protein phosphatase 1A isoform 1 (Protein phosphatase 1A (Formerly 2C), magnesium-dependent, alpha isoform, isoform CRA_a)
  348. cDNA, FLJ92643, Homo sapiens protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, beta isoform(PPP1CB), mRNA (Protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, beta isoform, isoform CRA_a)
  349. Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform
  350. Serine/threonine protein phosphatase
  351. cDNA FLJ41117 fis, clone BRACE2006821, highly similar to Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated neuronalphospho protein
  352. CDC14 cell division cycle 14 homolog A (S. cerevisiae)
  353. ATPase, Ca++ transporting, plasma membrane 4 (ATPase, Ca++ transporting, plasma membrane 4, isoform CRA_a)
  354. ATPase, Cu++ transporting, alpha polypeptide (Menkes syndrome) (ATPase, Cu++ transporting, alpha polypeptide (Menkes syndrome), isoform CRA_a)
  355. ATPase, H+/K+ exchanging, beta polypeptide (ATPase, H+/K+ exchanging, beta polypeptide, isoform CRA_b)
  356. cDNA, FLJ96900, Homo sapiens ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 34kDa, V1 subunit D(ATP6V1D), mRNA (ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 34kDa, V1 subunit D, isoform CRA_a)
  357. cDNA FLJ12283 fis, clone MAMMA1001754, highly similar to Vacuolar ATP synthase subunit H (EC 3.6.3.14)
  358. cDNA, FLJ95649, Homo sapiens ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 70kDa, V1 subunit A(ATP6V1A), mRNA (ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 70kDa, V1 subunit A, isoform CRA_a)
  359. cDNA, FLJ92695, Homo sapiens ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 56/58kDa, V1subunit B, isoform 2 (ATP6V1B2), mRNA (ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 56/58kDa, V1 subunit B2, isoform CRA_a)
  360. Putative uncharacterized protein
  361. cDNA, FLJ92349, Homo sapiens ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 9kDa, V0 subunit e(ATP6V0E), mRNA (ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 9kDa, V0 subunit e, isoform CRA_a)
  362. cDNA, FLJ94145, Homo sapiens phosphatase and tensin homolog (mutated in multipleadvanced cancers 1) (PTEN), mRNA (Phosphatase and tensin homolog (Mutated in multiple advanced cancers 1), isoform CRA_c)
  363. cDNA FLJ35540 fis, clone SPLEN2002493, highly similar to Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate5-phosphatase A (EC 3.1.3.56)
  364. cDNA, FLJ92960, Homo sapiens skeletal muscle and kidney enriched inositolphosphatase (SKIP), transcript variant 2, mRNA (Skeletal muscle and kidney enriched inositol phosphatase, isoform CRA_a)
  365. cDNA FLJ44914 fis, clone BRAMY3009782, highly similar to Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)-phosphatase 1 (Protein phosphatase 2C, magnesium-dependent, catalytic subunit, isoform CRA_a)
  366. cDNA, FLJ93658, highly similar to Homo sapiens alkaline phosphatase, intestinal (ALPI), mRNA (Alkaline phosphatase, intestinal, isoform CRA_a)
  367. Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2
  368. EEF2 protein (Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2, isoform CRA_a)
  369. cDNA FLJ76224, highly similar to Homo sapiens eyes absent homolog 3 (Drosophila) (EYA3), transcript variant 1, mRNA
  370. cDNA FLJ51710, highly similar to Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 12 (EC 3.1.3.48)
  371. Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, G
  372. PTPRK protein
  373. cDNA, FLJ92701, Homo sapiens protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, R(PTPRR), transcript variant 1, mRNA
  374. cDNA, FLJ92892, Homo sapiens protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA, member 1(PTP4A1), mRNA (Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA, member 1, isoform CRA_a)
  375. cDNA FLJ45381 fis, clone BRHIP3021019, highly similar to Homo sapiens protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 5 (striatum-enriched) (PTPN5), transcript variant 3, mRNA
  376. cDNA FLJ35394 fis, clone SKNSH2002768, highly similar to M-PHASE INDUCER PHOSPHATASE 2 (EC 3.1.3.48)
  377. cDNA, FLJ96083, Homo sapiens TcD37 homolog (HTCD37), mRNA
  378. Dolichyl pyrophosphate phosphatase 1 (Dolichyl pyrophosphate phosphatase 1, isoform CRA_d) (cDNA FLJ60437, highly similar to Dolichyldiphosphatase 1)
  379. Nudix (Nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X)-type motif 3
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5232
Enzyme 1 Name Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1B
Enzyme 1 Synonyms
  1. Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase IB
  2. cN1B
  3. cN-IB
  4. Autoimmune infertility-related protein
Enzyme 1 Gene Name NT5C1B
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1B 
MSQTSLKQKKNEPGMRSSKESLEAEKRKESDKTGVRLSNQMRRAVNPNHSLRCCPFQGHS
SCRRCLCAAEGTALGPCHTIRIYIHMCLLWEQGQQITMMRGSQESSLRKTDSRGYLVRSQ
WSRISRSPSTKAPSIDEPRSRNTSAKLPSSSTSSRTPSTSPSLHDSSPPPLSGQPSLQPP
ASPQLPRSLDSRPPTPPEPDPGSRRSTKMQENPEAWAQGIVREIRQTRDSQPLEYSRTSP
TEWKSSSQRRGIYPASTQLDRNSLSEQQQQQREDEDDYEAAYWASMRSFYEKNPSCSRPW
PPKPKNAITIALSSCALFNMVDGRKIYEQEGLEKYMEYQLTNENVILTPGPAFRFVKALQ
YVNARLRDLYPDEQDLFDIVLMTNNHAQVGVRLINSVNHYGLLIDRFCLTGGKDPIGYLK
AYLTNLYIAADSEKVQEAIQEGIASATMFDGAKDMAYCDTQLRVAFDGDAVLFSDESEHF
TKEHGLDKFFQYDTLCESKPLAQGPLKGFLEDLGRLQKKFYAKNERLLCPIRTYLVTARS
AASSGARVLKTLRRWGLEIDEALFLAGAPKSPILVKIRPHIFFDDHMFHIEGAQRLGSIA
AYGFNKKFSS
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 610
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 68804
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 9.03
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • 5'-nucleotidase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • magnesium ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleotidase activity
  • nucleotide binding
  • phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
  • phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • nucleotide metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
  • cell
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular
Enzyme 1 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 1 Specific Function Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides. Helps to regulate adenosine levels
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • A 5'-ribonucleotide + H2O = a ribonucleoside + phosphate
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 13774961 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96P26 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name 5NT1B_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >1699 bp 
GGGCAAAAATGTGGATAACAACAAAAGAATTTCAACAGGTAAAAAAATGAGTCAAACATC
TCTCAAACAGAAAAAGAATGAGCCCGGAATGAGGTCCTCAAAAGAGAGTCTAGAAGCAGA
AAAAAGAAAGGAATCTGACAAAACAGGAGTTCGTCTGAGCAATCAGGGATCACAAGAATC
ATCACTGCGGAAGACAGACTCTCGAGGGTACCTTGTGCGCAGTCAATGGTCTAGAATATC
CCGGAGCCCATCCACCAAGGCTCCATCCATAGATGAGCCTAGAAGCAGGAACACCAGTGC
TAAGCTCCCCAGCAGCTCCACGAGCTCCCGGACTCCATCCACCTCCCCAAGCCTGCATGA
CTCCTCACCGCCGCCGCTGTCCGGGCAGCCCTCGCTCCAGCCACCCGCGTCGCCCCAGCT
GCCCCGGTCGCTGGACTCGCGGCCTCCCACGCCCCCAGAGCCCGATCCTGGCTCCCGGCG
CAGCACCAAAATGCAAGAAAATCCGGAGGCCTGGGCCCAAGGCATCGTGCGGGAAATCCG
CCAGACCCGGGACTCGCAGCCGCTGGAATATTCGCGCACGTCCCCCACCGAGTGGAAGTC
CTCCAGCCAGCGCAGGGGGATCTACCCCGCCTCCACCCAGCTGGACCGCAACTCTCTGTC
CGAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCAGCGGGAGGACGAAGACGACTACGAAGCTGCCTACTGGGCATC
CATGAAGTCGTTCTACGAAAAGAACCCGAGCTGCTGGCGCCCCTGGCCGCCCAAACCCAA
GAACGCCATCACCATTGCTCTCTCATCCTGCGCGCTCTTCAACATGGTGGACGGCAGGAA
AATCTACGAGCAAGAGGGTCTGGAAAAGTACATGGAGTATCAGCTCACCAATGAGAACGT
CATCCTGACCCCGGGCCCGGCGTTCCGTTTCGTCAAGGCACTACAGTATGTCAATGCTAG
ACTCCGTGATCTATATCCTGATGAACAGGACTTATTTGATATTGTACTGATGACTAATAA
CCATGCCCAAGTGGGAGTGCGGCTTATAAACAGCGTCAATCACTACGGCTTACTGATTGA
CCGCTTCTGTCTGACCGGGGGAAAAGACCCCATTGGCTATTTGAAGGCATATCTTACCAA
CTTGTATATTGCTGCAGATTCTGAAAAAGTGCAAGAGGCAATACAAGAAGGTATTGCCTC
TGCGACAATGTTTGATGGAGCCAAAGACATGGCTTACTGTGACACTCAGCTCCGTGTAGC
CTTTGATGGGGATGCTGTCCTCTTCTCTGATGAGTCTGAACATTTTACCAAGGAGCATGG
GCTGGACAAATTCTTCCAGTATGATACATTATGTGAAAGTAAGCCTCTTGCTCAGGGTCC
CCTAAAAGGCTTTCTGGAAGATTTAGGCAGACTGCAAAAGAAGTTCTATGCCAAAAATGA
ACGGTTACTTTGTCCTATCAGGACCTACCTGGTTACAGCTAGGAGTGCAGCCAGTTCAGG
CGCCCGTGTGCTGAAAACCTTCCGACGCTGGGGTCTAGAGATAGACGAAGCTCTTTTCCT
TGCTGGAGCCCCCAAAAGTCCCATCTTGGTGAAGATCCGGCCCCACATCTTCTTTGATGA
CCACATGTTCCACATTGAAGGGGCACAGAGGTTAGGTTCCATCGCAGCTTATGGCTTTAA
TAAAAAATTCAGTAGTTAG
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID AF356185 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID NT5C1B Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID NT5C1B Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:17818 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 1 Locus 2p24.2
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Sala-Newby GB, Newby AC: Cloning of a mouse cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase-I identifies a new gene related to human autoimmune infertility-related protein. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Oct 31;1521(1-3):12-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 5233
Enzyme 2 Name Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase IA
  2. cN1A
  3. cN-IA
  4. cN-I
Enzyme 2 Gene Name NT5C1A
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A 
MEPGQPREPQEPREPGPGAETAAAPVWEEAKIFYDNLAPKKKPKSPKPQNAVTIAVSSRA
LFRMDEEQQIYTEQGVEEYVRYQLEHENEPFSPGPAFPFVKALEAVNRRLRELYPDSEDV
FDIVLMTNNHAQVGVRLINSINHYDLFIERFCMTGGNSPICYLKAYHTNLYLSADAEKVR
EAIDEGIAAATIFSPSRDVVVSQSQLRVAFDGDAVLFSDESERIVKAHGLDRFFEHEKAH
ENKPLAQGPLKGFLEALGRLQKKFYSKGLRLECPIRTYLVTARSAASSGARALKTLRSWG
LETDEALFLAGAPKGPLLEKIRPHIFFDDQMFHVAGAQEMGTVAAHVPYGVAQTPRRTAP
AKQAPSAQ
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 368
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 41021
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 6.52
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • 5'-nucleotidase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • magnesium ion binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleotidase activity
  • nucleotide binding
  • phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
  • phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • nucleotide metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
  • cell
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular
Enzyme 2 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides and has a broad substrate specificity. Helps to regulate adenosine levels in heart during ischemia and hypoxia
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • A 5'-ribonucleotide + H2O = a ribonucleoside + phosphate
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein 12659324 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9BXI3 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name 5NT1A_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >1107 bp 
ATGGAACCTGGGCAGCCCCGGGAGCCCCAGGAGCCCCGCGAGCCCGGGCCAGGAGCGGAG
ACCGCTGCGGCCCCGGTCTGGGAGGAAGCCAAGATTTTCTACGACAACCTCGCGCCCAAG
AAGAAACCCAAATCGCCCAAGCCTCAGAATGCAGTCACCATCGCTGTGTCCTCCCGAGCC
TTGTTTCGCATGGACGAGGAGCAGCAGATCTACACGGAGCAGGGCGTGGAGGAGTACGTG
CGCTACCAGCTGGAACATGAGAACGAACCCTTCAGTCCCGGGCCAGCCTTCCCTTTTGTG
AAGGCTCTGGAGGCCGTGAACAGGCGGCTGCGGGAGCTGTACCCTGATAGTGAGGACGTC
TTCGACATCGTCCTCATGACTAACAACCATGCTCAAGTGGGTGTCCGCCTCATCAACAGT
ATCAACCACTATGACCTGTTCATCGAGAGGTTCTGCATGACAGGTGGGAACAGCCCGATC
TGCTACCTCAAGGCCTATCACACCAACCTCTACTTGTCAGCCGATGCGGAAAAAGTGCGA
GAAGCCATTGATGAGGGGATCGCAGCTGCCACCATCTTCAGCCCCAGCAGGGATGTGGTT
GTGTCCCAGAGTCAGCTGCGCGTGGCCTTCGATGGGGACGCCGTGCTCTTCTCGGACGAG
TCGGAGCGCATCGTCAAGGCCCACGGGCTGGACCGATTCTTCGAGCATGAGAAGGCCCAC
GAGAACAAGCCTCTGGCTCAGGGCCCCTTAAAGGGCTTTCTGGAGGCACTGGGTAGGTTG
CAGAAGAAGTTCTACTCCAAAGGCCTGCGGCTGGAGTGCCCAATTCGTACCTACTTGGTG
ACAGCACGCAGTGCAGCCAGTTCCGGGGCCCGGGCTCTCAAGACCCTGCGCAGCTGGGGC
CTGGAGACAGATGAAGCCTTGTTCCTTGCTGGAGCGCCCAAGGGCCCTCTCCTTGAGAAG
ATCCGCCCACACATCTTCTTTGATGACCAGATGTTCCATGTGGCTGGGGCTCAGGAGATG
GGCACTGTGGCCGCCCATGTGCCTTATGGTGTGGCACAGACACCCCGGCGGACTGCACCT
GCAAAGCAGGCCCCATCTGCACAGTAG
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID AF331801 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID NT5C1A Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID NT5C1A Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:17819 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 2 Locus 1p34.3-p33
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Hunsucker SA, Spychala J, Mitchell BS: Human cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase I: characterization and role in nucleoside analog resistance. J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 30;276(13):10498-504. Epub 2000 Dec 22. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 5234
Enzyme 3 Name 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, cytosolic type
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. Cytosolic 5',3'-pyrimidine nucleotidase
  2. Deoxy-5'-nucleotidase 1
  3. dNT-1
Enzyme 3 Gene Name NT5C
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, cytosolic type 
MARSVRVLVDMDGVLADFEAGLLRGFRRRFPEEPHVPLEQRRGFLAREQYRALRPDLADK
VASVYEAPGFFLDLEPIPGALDAVREMNDLPDTQVFICTSPLLKYHHCVGEKYRWVEQHL
GPQFVERIILTRDKTVVLGDLLIDDKDTVRGQEETPSWEHILFTCCHNRHLVLPPTRRRL
LSWSDNWREILDSKRGAAQRE
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 201
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 23383
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 6.63
Enzyme 3 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 3 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 3 Specific Function Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides, with a preference for dUMP and dTMP, intermediate activity towards dGMP, and low activity towards dCMP and dAMP
Enzyme 3 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 3 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 7524492 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8TCD5 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NT5C_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >606 bp 
ATGGCGCGGAGCGTGCGCGTGCTGGTGGACATGGACGGCGTCCTGGCCGACTTCGAGGCC
GGCCTCCTGCGGGGCTTCCGCCGCCGCTTCCCTGAGGAGCCGCACGTGCCGCTGGAGCAA
CGCCGCGGCTTCCTGGCCCGCGAGCAGTACCGCGCCCTGCGGCCCGACCTGGCGGATAAA
GTGGCCAGTGTGTACGAAGCCCCGGGCTTTTTCCTGGACCTGGAGCCCATCCCGGGAGCC
TTGGACGCTGTGCGGGAGATGAACGACCTACCGGACACGCAGGTCTTCATCTGCACCAGC
CCCCTGCTGAAGTACCACCACTGTGTGGGTGAGAAGTACCGCTGGGTGGAGCAGCACCTG
GGGCCCCAGTTCGTAGAACGAATTATCCTGACAAGGGACAAGACGGTGGTCTTGGGGGAC
CTGCTCATTGATGACAAGGACACAGTTCGAGGCCAGGAGGAGACCCCAAGCTGGGAGCAC
ATCTTGTTCACCTGCTGCCACAATCGGCACCTGGTCCTGCCCCCGACAAGGAGACGGCTG
CTCTCCTGGAGTGACAACTGGAGGGAGATCTTAGATAGCAAGCGCGGAGCTGCGCAGCGG
GAATGA
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID AF154829 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID NT5C Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID NT5C Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:17144 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 3 Locus 17q25.1
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Rampazzo C, Johansson M, Gallinaro L, Ferraro P, Hellman U, Karlsson A, Reichard P, Bianchi V: Mammalian 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, cDNA cloning, and overexpression of the enzyme in Escherichia coli and mammalian cells. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 25;275(8):5409-15. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Rampazzo C, Kost-Alimova M, Ruzzenente B, Dumanski JP, Bianchi V: Mouse cytosolic and mitochondrial deoxyribonucleotidases: cDNA cloning of the mitochondrial enzyme, gene structures, chromosomal mapping and comparison with the human orthologs. Gene. 2002 Jul 10;294(1-2):109-17. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 5236
Enzyme 4 Name 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 4 Synonyms
  1. 5',3'-nucleotidase, mitochondrial
  2. Deoxy-5'-nucleotidase 2
  3. dNT-2
Enzyme 4 Gene Name NT5M
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, mitochondrial precursor 
MIRLGGWCARRLCSAAVPAGRRGAAGGLGLAGGRALRVLVDMDGVLADFEGGFLRKFRAR
FPDQPFIALEDRRGFWVSEQYGRLRPGLSEKAISIWESKNFFFELEPLPGAVEAVKEMAS
LQNTDVFICTSPIKMFKYCPYEKYAWVEKYFGPDFLEQIVLTRDKTVVSADLLIDDRPDI
TGAEPTPSWEHVLFTACHNQHLQLQPPRRRLHSWADDWKAILDSKRPC
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 228
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 25862
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI 8.12
Enzyme 4 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 4 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 4 Specific Function Dephosphorylates specifically the 5' and 2'(3')- phosphates of uracil and thymine deoxyribonucleotides, and so protects mitochondrial DNA replication from excess dTTP. Has only marginal activity towards dIMP and dGMP
Enzyme 4 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 4 Reactions Not Available
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • 1-15
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein 9408106 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NPB1 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name NT5M_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID 1Q92 Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB File Show
Enzyme 4 3D Structure
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence >687 bp 
ATGATCCGGCTGGGCGGCTGGTGTGCGCGGCGGCTCTGCAGCGCGGCGGTTCCCGCGGGG
CGGCGCGGGGCGGCGGGCGGGCTGGGCCTGGCGGGAGGCCGCGCCCTACGGGTGCTGGTG
GACATGGACGGCGTGCTGGCTGACTTCGAGGGCGGATTCCTCAGGAAGTTCCGCGCGCGC
TTTCCCGACCAGCCCTTCATCGCGCTGGAGGACCGGCGCGGCTTCTGGGTGTCGGAGCAG
TACGGCCGCCTGCGGCCAGGGCTGAGCGAGAAGGCCATCAGCATTTGGGAGTCAAAGAAT
TTCTTTTTTGAACTTGAGCCTCTGCCAGGGGCCGTGGAAGCTGTCAAGGAGATGGCCAGC
CTACAAAACACTGACGTCTTCATCTGCACAAGCCCCATCAAGATGTTCAAGTACTGTCCC
TATGAGAAGTATGCCTGGGTGGAGAAGTACTTTGGCCCTGACTTTCTGGAGCAGATTGTG
CTGACCAGAGACAAGACCGTGGTCTCTGCTGACCTTCTCATAGACGACCGGCCGGACATC
ACAGGGGCCGAGCCAACCCCCAGCTGGGAGCATGTCCTCTTCACCGCCTGCCACAACCAG
CACCTGCAGCTGCAGCCCCCCCGCCGCAGGCTGCACTCGTGGGCGGACGACTGGAAGGCC
ATTCTGGACAGCAAGCGGCCCTGCTGA
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID AJ277557 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID NT5M Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID NT5M Link Image
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID HGNC:15769 Link Image
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 4 Locus 17p11.2
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 General References
  1. Rampazzo C, Gallinaro L, Milanesi E, Frigimelica E, Reichard P, Bianchi V: A deoxyribonucleotidase in mitochondria: involvement in regulation of dNTP pools and possible link to genetic disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jul 18;97(15):8239-44. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Rinaldo-Matthis A, Rampazzo C, Reichard P, Bianchi V, Nordlund P: Crystal structure of a human mitochondrial deoxyribonucleotidase. Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Oct;9(10):779-87. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 ID 5239
Enzyme 5 Name ATP-citrate synthase
Enzyme 5 Synonyms
  1. ATP-citrate
  2. pro-S--lyase
  3. Citrate cleavage enzyme
Enzyme 5 Gene Name ACLY
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >ATP-citrate synthase 
MSAKAISEQTGKELLYKFICTTSAIQNRFKYARVTPDTDWARLLQDHPWLLSQNLVVKPD
QLIKRRGKLGLVGVNLTLDGVKSWLKPRLGQEATVGKATGFLKNFLIEPFVPHSQAEEFY
VCIYATREGDYVLFHHEGGVDVGDVDAKAQKLLVGVDEKLNPEDIKKHLLVHAPEDKKEI
LASFISGLFNFYEDLYFTYLEINPLVVTKDGVYVLDLAAKVDATADYICKVKWGDIEFPP
PFGREAYPEEAYIADLDAKSGASLKLTLLNPKGRIWTMVAGGGASVVYSDTICDLGGVNE
LANYGEYSGAPSEQQTYDYAKTILSLMTREKHPDGKILIIGGSIANFTNVAATFKGIVRA
IRDYQGPLKEHEVTIFVRRGGPNYQEGLRVMGEVGKTTGIPIHVFGTETHMTAIVGMALG
HRPIPNQPPTAAHTANFLLNASGSTSTPAPSRTASFSESRADEVAPAKKAKPAMPQDSVP
SPRSLQGKSTTLFSRHTKAIVWGMQTRAVQGMLDFDYVCSRDEPSVAAMVYPFTGDHKQK
FYWGHKEILIPVFKNMADAMRKHPEVDVLINFASLRSAYDSTMETMNYAQIRTIAIIAEG
IPEALTRKLIKKADQKGVTIIGPATVGGIKPGCFKIGNTGGMLDNILASKLYRPGSVAYV
SRSGGMSNELNNIISRTTDGVYEGVAIGGDRYPGSTFMDHVLRYQDTPGVKMIVVLGEIG
GTEEYKICRGIKEGRLTKPIVCWCIGTCATMFSSEVQFGHAGACANQASETAVAKNQALK
EAGVFVPRSFDELGEIIQSVYEDLVANGVIVPAQEVPPPTVPMDYSWARELGLIRKPASF
MTSICDERGQELIYAGMPITEVFKEEMGIGGVLGLLWFQKRLPKYSCQFIEMCLMVTADH
GPAVSGAHNTIICARAGKDLVSSLTSGLLTIGDRFGGALDAAAKMFSKAFDSGIIPMEFV
NKMKKEGKLIMGIGHRVKSINNPDMRVQILKDYVRQHFPATPLLDYALEVEKITTSKKPN
LILNVDGLIGVAFVDMLRNCGSFTREEADEYIDIGALNGIFVLGRSMGFIGHYLDQKRLK
QGLYRHPWDDISYVLPEHMSM
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues 1101
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight 120841
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI 7.34
Enzyme 5 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 5 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 5 Specific Function ATP citrate-lyase is the primary enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA in many tissues. Has a central role in de novo lipid synthesis. In nervous tissue it may be involved in the biosynthesis of acetylcholine
Enzyme 5 Pathways
Enzyme 5 Reactions
  • ADP + phosphate + acetyl-CoA + oxaloacetate = ATP + citrate + CoA
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 5 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 5 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein 28935 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P53396 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACLY_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence >3318 bp 
ATGTCGGCCAAGGCAATTTCAGAGCAGACGGGCAAAGAACTCCTTTACAAGTTCATCTGT
ACCACCTCAGCCATCCAGAATCGGTTCAAGTATGCTCGGGTCACTCCTGACACAGACTGG
GCCCGCTTGCTGCAGGACCACCCCTGGCTGCTCAGCCAGAACTTGGTAGTCAAGCCAGAC
CAGCTGATCAAACGTCGTGGAAAACTTGGTCTCGTTGGGGTCGACCTCACTCTGGATGGG
GTCAAGTCCTGGCTGAAGCCACGGCTGGGACAGGAAGCCACAGTTGGCAAGGCCACAGGC
TTCCTCAAGAACTTTCTGATCGAGCCCTTCGCCCCCCACAGTCAGGCTGAGGAGTTCTAT
GTCTGCATCTATGCCACCCGAGAAGGGGACTACGTCCTGTTCCACCACGAGGGGGGTGTG
GACGTGGGTGATGTGGACGCCAAGGCCCAGAAGCTGCTTGTTGGCGTGGATGAGAAACTG
AATCCTGAGGACATCAAAAAACACCTGTTGGTCCACGCCCCTGACGACAAGAAAGAAATT
CTGGCCAGTTTTATCTCCGGCCTCTTCAATTTCTACGAGGACTTGTACTTCACCTACCTC
GAGATCAATCCCCTTGTAGTGACCAAAGATGGAGTCTATGTCCTTGACTTGGCGGCCAAG
GTGGACGCCACTGCCGACTACATCTGCAAAGTGAAGTGGGGTGACATCGAGTTCCCTCCC
CCCTTCGGGCGGGTGGCATATCCAGAGGAAGCCTACATTGCAGACCTCGATGCCAAAAGT
GGGGCAAGCCTGAAGCTGACCTTGCTGAACCCCAAAGGGAGGATCTGGACCATGGTGGCC
GGGGGTGGCGCCTCTGTCGTGTACAGCGATACCATCTGTGATCTAGGGGGTGTCAACGAG
CTGGCAAACTATGGGGAGTACTCAGGCGCCCCCAGCGAGCAGCAGACCTATGACTATGCC
AAGACTATCCTCTCCCTCATGACCCGAGAGAAGCACCCAGATGGCAAGATCCTCATCATT
GGAGGCAGCATCGCAAACTTCACCAACGTGGCTGCCACGTTCAAGGGCATCGTGAGAGCA
ATTCGAGATTACCAGGGCCCCCTGAAGGAGCACGAAGTCACAATCTTTGTCCGAAGAGGT
GGCCCCAACTATCAGGAGGGCTTACGGGTGATGGGAGAAGTCGGGAAGACCACTGGGATC
CCCATCCATGTCTTTGGCACAGAGACTCACATGACGGCCATTGTGGGCATGGCCTGGGCA
CCGGCCATCCCCAACCAGCCACCCACAGCGGCCCACACTGCAAACTTTCTCCTCAACGCC
CAGCGGGAGACATCGACTCCAGCCCCCAGCAGGACAGCATCTTTTTATGAGTCCATGGTC
GATGAGGTCAGGGCCGATGAGGTGGCGCCTGCAAAGAAGGCCAAGCCTGCCATGCCACAA
GATTCAGTCCCAAGTCCAAGATCCCTGCAAGGAAAGAGCACCACCCTCTTCAGCCGCCAC
ACCAAGGCCATTGTGTGGGGCATGCAGACCCGGGCCGTGCAAGGCATGCTGGACTTTGAC
TATGTCTGCTCCCGAGACGAGCCCTCAGTGGCTGCCATGGTCTATCCTTTCACTGGGGAC
CACAAGCAGAAGTTTTACTGGGGGCACAAAGAGATCCTGATCCCTGTCTTCAAGAACATG
GCTGATGCCATGAGGAAGCACCCGGAGGTAGATGTGCTCATCAACTTTGCCTCTCTCCGC
TCTGCCTATGACAGCACCATGGAGACCATGAACTATGCCCAGATCCGGACCATCGCCATC
ATAGCTGAAGGCATCCCTGAGGCCCTCACGAGAAAGCTGATCAAGAAGGCGGACCAGAAG
GGAGTGACCATCATCGGACCTGCCACTGTTGGAGGCATCAAGCCTGGGTGCTTTAAGATT
GGCAACACAGGTGGGATGCTGGACAACATCCTGGCCTCCAAACTGTACCCCCAGGCAGCT
GTGGCCTATGTCTCACGTTCCGGAGGCATGTCCAACGAGCTCAACAATATCATCTCTCGG
ACCACGGATGGCGTCTATGAGGGCGTGGCCATTGGTGGGGACAGGTACCCGGGCTCCACA
TTCATGGATCATGTGTTACGCTATCAGGACACTCCAGGAGTCAAAATGATTGTGGTTCTT
GGAGAGATTGGGGGCACTGAGGAATATAAGATTTCCCGGGGCATCAAGGAGGGCCGCCTC
ACTAAGCCCATCGTCTGCTGGTGCATCGGGACGTGTGCCACCATGTTCTCCTCTGAGGTC
CAGTTTGGCCATGCTGGAGCTTGTGCCAACCAGGCTTCTGAAACTGCAGTAGCCAAGAAC
CAGGCTTTGAAGGAAGCAGGAGTGTTTGTGCCCCGGAGCTTTGATGAGCTTGGAGAGATC
ATCCAGTCTGTATACGAAGATCTCGTGGCCAATGGAGTCATTGTACCTGCCCAGGAGGTG
CCGCCCCCAACCGTGCCCATGGACTACTCCTGGGCCAGGGAGCTTGGTTTGATCCGCAAA
CCTGCCTCGTTCATGACCAGCATCTGCGATGAGCGAGGACAGGAGCTCATCTACGCGGGC
ATGCCCATCACTGAGGTCTTCAAGGAAGAGATGGGCATTGGCGGGGCCCTCGGCCTCCTC
TGGTTCCAGAAAAGGTTGCCTAAGTACTCTTGCCAGTTCATTGAGATGTGTCTGATGGTG
ACAGCTGATCACGGGCCAGCCGTCTCTGGAGCCCACAACACCATCATTTGTGCGCGCACC
GCGGTGGAGCTGGTCTCCAGCCTCACCTCGGGGCTGCTCACCATCGGGGATCGGTTTGGG
GGTGCCTTGGATGCAGCAGCCAAGATGTTCAGTAAAGCCTTTGACAGTGGCATTATCCCC
ATGGAGTTTGTGAACAAGATGAAGAAGGAAGGGAAGCTGATCATGGGCATTGGTCACCGA
GTGAAGTCGATAAACAACCCAGACATGCGAGTGCAGATCCTCAAAGATTACGTCAGGCAG
CACTTCCCTGCCACTCCTCTGCTCGATTATGCACTGGAAGTAGAGAAGATTACCACCTCG
AAGAAGCCAAATCTTATCCTGAATGTAGATGGTCTCATCGGAGTCGCATTTGTAGACATG
CTTAGAAACTGTGGGTCCTTTACTCGGGAGGAAGCTGATGAATATATTGACATTGGAGCC
CTCAATGGCATCTTTGTGCTGGGAAGGAGTATGGGGTTCATTGGACACTATCTTGATCAG
AAGAGGCTGAAGCAGGGGCTGTATCGTCATCCGTGGGATGATATTTCATATGTTCTTCCG
GAACACATGAGCATGTAA
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID X64330 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID ACLY Link Image
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID ACLY Link Image
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID HGNC:115 Link Image
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 5 Locus 17q12-q21
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 General References
  1. Elshourbagy NA, Near JC, Kmetz PJ, Wells TN, Groot PH, Saxty BA, Hughes SA, Franklin M, Gloger IS: Cloning and expression of a human ATP-citrate lyase cDNA. Eur J Biochem. 1992 Mar 1;204(2):491-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 ID 5247
Enzyme 6 Name Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2
Enzyme 6 Synonyms
  1. ACC-beta[Includes: Biotin carboxylase
Enzyme 6 Gene Name ACACB
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 
MVLLLCLSCLIFSCLTFSWLKIWGKMTDSKPITKSKSEANLIPSQEPFPASDNSGETPQR
NGEGHTLPKTPSQAEPASHKGPKDAGRRRNSLPPSHQKPPRNPLSSSDAAPSPELQANGT
GTQGLEATDTNGLSSSARPQGQQAGSPSKEDKKQANIKRQLMTNFILGSFDDYSSDEDSV
AGSSRESTRKGSRASLGALSLEAYLTTGEAETRVPTMRPSMSGLHLVKRGREHKKLDLHR
DFTVASPAEFVTRFGGDRVIEKVLIANNGIAAVKCMRSIRRWAYEMFRNERAIRFVVMVT
PEDLKANAEYIKMADHYVPVPGGPNNNNYANVELIVDIAKRIPVQAVWAGWGHASENPKL
PELLCKNGVAFLGPPSEAMWALGDKIASTVVAQTLQVPTLPWSGSGLTVEWTEDDLQQGK
RISVPEDVYDKGCVKDVDEGLEAAERIGFPLMIKASEGGGGKGIRKAESAEDFPILFRQV
QSEIPGSPIFLMKLAQHARHLEVQILADQYGNAVSLFGRDCSIQRRHQKIVEEAPATIAP
LAIFEFMEQCAIRLAKTVGYVSAGTVEYLYSQDGSFHFLELNPRLQVEHPCTEMIADVNL
PAAQLQIAMGVPLHRLKDIRLLYGESPWGVTPISFETPSNPPLARGHVIAARITSENPDE
GFKPSSGTVQELNFRSSKNVWGYFSVAATGGLHEFADSQFGHCFSWGENREEAISNMVVA
LKELSIRGDFRTTVEYLINLLETESFQNNDIDTGWLDYLIAEKVQAEKPDIMLGVVCGAL
NVADAMFRTCMTDFLHSLERGQVLPADSLLNLVDVELIYGGVKYILKVARQSLTMFVLIM
NGCHIEIDAHRLNDGGLLLSYNGNSYTTYMKEEVDSYRITIGNKTCVFEKENDPTVLRSP
SAGKLTQYTVEDGGHVEAGSSYAEMEVMKMIMTLNVQERGRVKYIKRPGAVLEAGCVVAR
LELDDPSKVHPAEPFTGELPAQQTLPILGEKLHQVFHSVLENLTNVMSGFCLPEPVFSIK
LKEWVQKLMMTLRHPSLPLLELQEIMTSVAGRIPAPVEKSVRRVMAQYASNITSVLCQFP
SQQIATILDCHAATLQRKADREVFFINTQSIVQLVQRYRSGIRGYMKTVVLDLLRRYLRV
EHHFQQAHYDKCVINLREQFKPDMSQVLDCIFSHAQVAKKNQLVIMLIDELCGPDPSLSD
ELISILNELTQLSKSEHCKVALRARQILIASHLPSYELRHNQVESIFLSAIDMYGHQFCP
ENLKKLILSETTIFDVLPTFFYHANKVVCMASLEVYVRRGYIAYELNSLQHRQLPDGTCV
VEFQFMLPSSHPNRMTVPISITNPDLLRHSTELFMDSGFSPLCQRMGAMVAFRRFEDFTR
NFDEVISCFANVPKDTPLFSEARTSLYSEDDCKSLREEPIHILNVSIQCADHLEDEALVP
ILRTFVQSKKNILVDYGLRRITFLIAQEKEFPKFFTFRARDEFAEDRIYRHLEPALAFQL
ELNRMRNFDLTAVPCANHKMHLYLGAAKVKEGVEVTDHRFFIRAIIRHSDLITKEASFEY
LQNEGERLLLEAMDELEVAFNNTSVRTDCNHIFLNFVPTVIMDPFKIEESVRYMVMRYGS
RLWKLRVLQAEVKINIRQTTTGSAVPIRLFITNESGYYLDISLYKEVTDSRSGNIMFHSF
GNKQGPQHGMLINTPYVTKDLLQAKRFQAQTLGTTYIYDFPEMFRQALFKLWGSPDKYPK
DILTYTELVLDSQGQLVEMNRLPGGNEVGMVAFKMRFKTQEYPEGRDVIVIGNDITFRIG
SFGPGEDLLYLRASEMARAEGIPKIYVAANSGARIGMAEEIKHMFHVAWVDPEDPHKGFK
YLYLTPQDYTRISSLNSVHCKHIEEGGESRYMITDIIGKDDGLGVENLRGSGMIAGESSL
AYEEIVTISLVTCRAIGIGAYLVRLGQRVIQVENSHIILTGASALNKVLGREVYTSNNQL
GGVQIMHYNGVSHITVPDDFEGVYTILEWLSYMPKDNHSPVPIITPTDPIDREIEFLPSR
APYDPRWMLAGRPHPTLKGTWQSGFFDHGSFKEIMAPWAQTVVTGRARLGGIPVGVIAVE
TRTVEVAVPADPANLDSEAKIIQQAGQVWFPDSAYKTAQAIKDFNREKLPLMIFANWRGF
SGGMKDMYDQVLKFGAYIVDGLRQYKQPILIYIPPYAELRGGSWVVIDATINPLCIEMYA
DKESRGGVLEPEGTVEIKFRKKDLIKSMRRIDPAYKKLMEQLGEPDLSDKDRKDLEGRLK
AREDLLLPIYHQVAVQFADFHDTPGRMLEKGVISDILEWKTARTFLYWRLRRLLLEDQVK
QEILQASGELSHVHIQSMLRRWFVETEGAVKAYLWDNNQVVVQWLEQHWQAGDGPRSTIR
ENITYLKHDSVLKTIRGLVEENPEVAVDCVIYLSQHISPAERAQVVHLLSTMDSPAST
Enzyme 6 Number of Residues 2458
Enzyme 6 Molecular Weight 276558
Enzyme 6 Theoretical pI 6.46
Enzyme 6 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
  • nucleotide binding
  • purine nucleotide binding
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 6 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 6 Specific Function ACC-beta may be involved in the provision of malonyl-CoA or in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation, rather than fatty acid biosynthesis. Carries out three functions:biotin carboxyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase and carboxyltransferase
Enzyme 6 Pathways
Enzyme 6 Reactions
  • ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
Enzyme 6 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 6 Signals
  • 1-24
Enzyme 6 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 6 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank ID Protein 2138330 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O00763 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name COA2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Sequence >7452 bp 
ATGGTCTTGCTTCTTTGTCTATCTTGTCTGATTTTCTCCTGTCTGACCTTTTCCTGGTTA
AAAATCTGGGAGAAAATGACGGACTCCAAGCCGATCACCAAGAGTAAATCAGAAGCAAAC
CTCATCCCGAGCCAGGAGCCCTTTCCAGCCTCTGATAACTCAGGGGAGACACCGCAGAGA
AATGGGGAGGGCCACACTCTGCACAAAGACACCCAGCCAGGCCGAGCCCAGCCTCCCACA
AAGGCCCAAAGATCCGGTCGGCGGAGAAACTCCCTACCACCCTCCCGCCAGAAGCCCCCA
AGAAACCCCCTTTCTTCCAGTGACGCAGCACCCTCCCCAGAGCTTCAAGCCAACGGGACT
GGGACACAAGGTCTGGAGGCCACAGATACCAATGGCCTGTCCTCCTCAGCCAGGCCCCAG
GGCAGCAAGCTGGTCCCCTCCAAAGAAGACAAGAAGCAGGCAAACATCAAGAGGCAGCTG
ATGACCAACTTCATCCTGGGCTCTTTTGATGACTACTCCTCCGACGAGGACTCTGTTGCT
GGCTCATCTCGTGAGTCTACCCGGAAGGGCAGCCGGGCCAGCTTGGGGGCCCTGTCCCTG
GAGGCTTATCTGACCACAGGTGAAGCTGAGACCCGCGTCCCCACTATGAGGCCGAGCATG
TCGGGACTCCACCTGGTGAAGAGGGGACGGGAACACAAGAAGCTGGACCTGCACAGAGAC
TTTACCGTGGCTTCTCCCGCTGAGTTTGTCACACGCTTTGGGGGGGATCGGGTCATCGAG
AAGGTGCTTATTGCCAACAACGGGATTGCCGCTGTGAAGTGCATGCGCTCCATCCGCAGG
TGGGCCTATGAGATGTTCCGCAACGAGCGGGCCATCCGGTTTGTTCGCATGGTGACCCCC
GAGGACCTTAAGGCCAACGCAGAGTACATCAAGATGGCGGATCATTACGGGCCCGCCCCA
GGAGGGCCCAATAACAACAACTATGCCAACGTGGAGCTGATTGTGGACATTGCCAAGAGA
ATCCCGTTGCAGGCGGTGTGGGCTGGCTGGGGCCATGCTTTAGAAAACCCTAAACTTCCG
GAGCTGCTGTGCAAGAATGGAGTTGCTTTCTTAGGCCCTCCCAGGTTGAGGCCAATGGTG
GGTCTAGGAGATAAGATCGCCTCCACCGTTGTCGCCCAGACGCTACAGGTCCCAACCCTG
CCCAGGAGTGGAAGCGCCCTGACAGTGGAGTGGACAGAAGATGATCTGCAGCAGGGAAAA
AGAATCAGTGTCCCAGAAGATGTTTATGACAAGGGTTGCGTGAAAGACGTAGATGAGGGC
TTGGAGGCAGCAGAAAGAATTGGTTTTCCATTGATGATCAAAGCTTCTGAAGGTGGCGGA
GGGAAGGGAATCCGGGAAACTGAGAGTGCGGAGGACTTCCCGATCCTTTTCAGACAAGTA
CAGAGTGAGATCCCAGGCTCGCCCATCTTTCTCATGAAGCTGGCCCAGCACGCCCGTCAC
CTGGAAGTTCAGATCCTCGCTGACCAGTATGGGAATGCTGTGTCTCTGTTTGGTCGCGAC
TGCTCCATCCAGCGGCGGCATCAGAAGATCGTTGAGGAAGCACCGGCCACCATCGCGCCG
CTGGCCATATTCGAGTTCATGGAGCAGTGTGCCATTCGCCTGGCCAAGACCGTGGGCTAT
GTGAGTGCAGGGACAGTGGAATACCTCTATAGTCAGGATGGTAGCTTCCACTTCTTGGAG
CTGAATCCTCGCTTGCAGGTGGAACATCCCTGCACAGAAATGATTGCTGACGTTAATCTG
CCGGCCGCCCAGCTACAGATCGCCATGGGTGCCCCACTGCACCGGCTGAAAGATATCCGG
CTTCTGTATGGAGAGTCACCCTGGGGAGACTCCCCAATTTCTTTTGAAAACTCAGCTCAT
CTCCCCTGCCCCCGAGGCCACGTCATTGCCACCAGAATCACCAGCGAAAACCCAGACGAG
GGTTTTAAGCCGAGCTCCGGGACTGTCCAGGAACTGAATTTCCGGAGCAGCAAGAACGTC
TGGGGTTACTTCACGGTGGCCGCTACTGGAGGCCTGCACGAGTTTGCGATTTCCCAGTTT
GGGCACTGCTTCTCCTGGGGAGAGAACCGGAAAGAGGCCATTTCGAACATGGTGGTGGCT
TTGAAGGAACTGTCCCTCCGAGGCGACTTTAGGACTACCGTGGAATACCTCATTAACCTC
CTGGAGACCGAGAGCTTCCAGAACAACTACATCGACACCGGGTGGTTGGACTACCTCATT
GCTGAGAAAGTGCAAAAGAAACCGAATATCATGCTTGGGGTGGTATGCGGGGCCCTTGAA
CGTGGAGATGCGATGTTCAGAACGTGCATGACAGATTTCTTACACTCCCTGGAAAGGGGC
CAGGTCCTCCCAGCGGATTCACTACTGAACCTCGTAGATGTGGAATTAATTTACGAGGGT
GTAAAGTACATTCTAAAGGTGACCCGGCAGTCTCTGACCATGTTCGTTCTCATCATGAAT
GGCTGCCACATCGAGATTGATGCCCACCGGCTGAATGATGGGGGGCTCCTGCTCTCCTAC
AATGGGAACAGCTACACCACCTACATGAAGGAAGAGGTTGACAGTTACCGTACCATCGGC
AATAAGACGTGTGTTTTTGAGAAGGAGAACGATCCTACAGTCCTGAGATCCCCCTCGGCT
GGGAAGCTGACACAGATCACAGTGGAGGATGGGGGCCACGTTGAGGCTGGGAGACGCTAC
GCTGAGATGGAGGTGATGAAGATGATCATGACCCTGAACGTTCAGGAAAGAGGCCGGGTG
AAGTACATCAAGCGTCCAGGTGCGGTGCTGGAAGCAGGCTGCGTGGTGGCCAGGCTGGAG
CTCGATGACCCTTCTAAAGTCCACCCGGCTGAACCGTTCACAGGAGAACTCCCTGCCCAG
CAGAACACTGCCGACCTCGGAAAGAAACTGCACAGGGTCTTCCACAGCGTCCTGGGAAGC
CTCACCAACGTCATGAGTGGCTTTTGTCTGCCAGAGCCGTTTTTTAGCATAAAGCTGAAG
GAGTGGGTGCAGAAGCTCATGATGACCCTCCGGCACCCGTCACTGCTGCTGGACGTGCAG
GAGATCATGACCAGTCGTGCAGGCCGCATCCCCCCCCCTGTTGAGAAGTCTGTCCGCAAG
GTGATGGCCCAGTATGCCAGCAACATCACCTCGGTGCTGTGCCAGTTCCCCAGCCAGCAG
ATAGCCACCATCCTGGACTGCCATGCAGCCACCCTGCAGCGGAAGGCTGATCGAGAGGTC
TTCTTCATCAACACCCAGAGCATGGTGCAGTTGGTCCAGAGGTACCGAAGTGGAATCCGC
GGTCATATGAAAACAGTGGTGATCGATCTCTTGAGAAGATACTTGCGTGTTGAGACCATT
TTCGGCAAGGCAAGAGATGCTGATGCCAACTCCAGTGGGATGGTGGGGGGCGTGAGGAGC
CTGAGCTTTACCTCTGTGTGGGTGGTTTTGTCTCCCCCAGCCCACTACGACAAGTGTGTG
ATAAACCTCAGGGAACAGTTCAAGCCAGACATGTCCCAGGTGCTGGACTGCATCTTCTCC
CACGCACAGGTGACCAAGAAGAACCAGCTGGTGATCATGTTGATCGATGAGCTGTGTGGC
CCAGACCCTTCCCTGTCGGACGAGCTGATCTCCATCCTCAACGAGCTCACTCAGCTGAGC
AAAAGCGAGCACTGCAAAGTGGCCCTCAGAGCCCGGCAGATCCTGATCGCCTCCCCCTCC
TACGAGCTGCGGCATAACCAGGTGGAGTCCATTTTCCTGTCTGCCATTGACATGTACGGC
CACCAGTTCTGCCCCGAGAACCTCCAGAAATTAATACTTTCGGAAACAACCATCTTCGAC
GTCCTGAATACTTTCTTCTATCACGCAAACAAAGTCGTGTGCATGGCGTCCTTGGAGGTT
TACGTGGGGGGGGCTTACATCGCCTATGTGTTAAACAGCCTGCAGCACCGGCAGCTCCCG
GACGGCACCTGCGTGGTAGAATTCCAGTTCATGCTGCCGTCCTCCCACCCAAACCGGATG
ACCGTGCCCATCAGCATCACCAACCCTGACCTGCTGAGGCACACGACAGAGCTCTTCATG
GACAGCGGCTTCTCCCCACTGTGCCAGCGCATGGGAGCCATGGTAGCCTTCAGGAGATTC
GAGGACTTCACCAGAAATTTTGATGAAGTCATCTCTTGCTTCGCCAACGTGCCGAAAGAC
CCCCCCCTCTTCAGCGAGGCCCGCACCTCCCTATACTCCGAGGATGACTGCAAGAGCCTC
AGAGAAGAGCCCATCCACATTCTGAATGTGTCCATCCAGTGTGCGGACCACCTGGAGGAT
GAGGCACTGGTGCCGATTTTACGTACATTCGTACAGTCCAAGAAAAATATCCTTGTGGAT
TATGGACTCCGACGAATCCCATTCTTGATTGCCCAAGAGAAAGAATTTCCCAAGTTTTTC
ACATTCAGAGCAAGAGATGAGTTTGCAGAAGATCGCATTTACCGTCACTTGGAACCTGCC
CTGGCTTTCCAGCTGGAACTCAACCGGATGCGTAACTTCGATCTGACCGCCGTGCCCTGT
GCCAACCACAAGATGCACCTTTACCTGGGTGCTGCCAAGGTGGAAGGAAGGTATGAAGTG
ACGGACCATAGGTTCTTCATCCGTGCCATCATCAGGCACTCTGACCTGATCACAAAGGAA
GCCTCCTTCGAATACCTGCAGAACGAGGGTGAGCGGCTGCTCCTGGAGGCCATGGACGAG
CTGGAGGTGGCGTTCAATAACACCAACGTGCGCACCGACTGCAACCACATCTTCCTCAAC
TTCGTGCCCACTGTCATCATGGACCCCAACAAGATCGAGGAGTCCGTGCGCTACATGGTT
ATGCGCTACGGCAGCCGGCTGTGGAAACTCCGTGTGCTACAGGCTGAGGTCAAGATCAAC
ATCCGCCAGACCACCACCGGCAGTGCCGTTCCCATCCGCCTGTTCATCACCAATGAGTCG
GGCTACTACCTGGACATCAGCCTCTACAAAGAAGTGACTGACTCCAGATCTGGAAATATC
ATGTTTCACTCCTTCGGCAACAAGCAAGGGCCCCAGCACGGGATGCTGATCAATACTCCC
TACGTCACCAAGGATCTGCTCCAGGCCAAGCGATTCCAGGCCCAGACCCTGGGAACCACC
TACATCTATGACTTCCCGGAAATGTTCAGGCAGGCTCTCTTTAAACTGTGGGGCTCCCCA
GACAAGTATCCCAAAGACATCCTGACATACACTGAATTAGTGTTGGACTCTCAGGGCCAG
CTGGTGGAGATGAACCGACTTCCTGGTGGAAATGAGGTGGGCATGGTGGCCTTCAAAATG
AGGTTTAAGACCCAGGAGTACCCGGAAGGACGGGATGTGATCGTCATCGGCAATGACATC
ACCTTTCGCATTGGATCCTTTGGCCCTGGAGAGGACCTTCTGTACCTGCGGGCATCCGAG
ATGGCCCGGGCAGAGGCGATTCCCAAAATTTACGTGGCAGCCAACAGTGGCGCCCGTATT
GGCATGGCAGAGGAGATCAAACACATGTTCCACGTGGCTTGGGTGGACCCAGAAGACCCC
CACAAAGGATTTAAATACCTGTACCTGACTCCCCAAGACTACACCAGAATCAGCTCCCTG
AACTCCGTCCACTGTAAACACATCGAGGAAGGAGGAGAGTCCAGATACATGATCACGGAT
ATCATCGGGAAGGATGATGGCTTGGGCGTGGAGAATCTGAGGGGCTCAGGCATGATTGCT
GGGGAGTCCTCTCTGGCTTACGAAGAGATCGTCACCATTAGCTTGGTGACCTGCCGAGCC
ATTGGGATTGGGGCCTACTTGGTGAGGCTGGGCCAGCGAGTGATCCAGGTGGAGAATTCC
CACATCATCCTCACAGGAGCAAGTGCTCTCAACAAGGTCCTGGGAAGAGAGGTCTACACA
TCCAACAACCAGCTGGGTGGCGTTCAGATCATGCATTACAATGGTGTCTCCCACATCACC
GTGCCAGATGACTTTGAGGGGGTTTATACCATCCTGGAGTGGCTGTCCTATATGCCAAAG
GATAATCACAGCCCTGTCCCTATCATCACACCCACTGACCCCATTGACAGAGAAATTGAA
TTCCTCCCATCCAGAGCTCCCTACGACCCCCGGTGGATGCTTGCAGGAAGGCCTCACCCA
ACTCTGAAGGGAACGTGGCAGAGCGGATTCTTTGACCACGGCAGTTTCAAGGAAATCATG
GCACCCTGGGCGCAGACCGTGGTGACAGGACGAGCAAGGCTTGGGGGGATTCCCGTGGGA
GTGATTGCTGTGGAGACACGGACTGTGGAGGTGGCAGTCCCTGCAGACCCTGCCAACCTG
GATTCTGAGGCCAAGATAATTCAGCAGGCAGGACAGGTGTGGTTCCCAGACTCAGCCTAC
AAAACCGCCCAGGCCATCAAGGACTTCAACCGGGAGAAGTTGCCCCTGATGATCTTTGCC
AACTGGAGGGGGTTCTCCGGTGGCATGAAAGACATGTATGACCAGGTGCTGAAGTTTGGA
GCCTACATCGTGGACGGCCTTAGACAATACAAACAGCCCATCCTGATCTATATCCGCCCT
ATGCGGGAGCTCCGGGGAGGCTCCTGGGTGGTCATAGATGCCACCATCAACCCGCTGTGC
ATAGAAATGTATGCAGACAAAGAGAGCAGGGGTGGTGTTCTGGAACCAGAGGGGACAGTG
GAGATTAAGTTCCGAAAGGAAGATCTGATAAAGTCCATGAGAAGGATCGATCCAGCTTAC
AAGAAGCTCATGGAACAGCTAGGGGAACCTGATCTCTCCGACAAGGACCGAAAGGACCTG
GAGGGCCGGCTAAAGGCTCGCGAGGACCTGCTGCTCCCCATCTACCACCAGGTGGCGGTG
CAGTTCGCCGACTTCCATGACACACCCGGCCGGATGCTGGAGAAGGGCGTCATATCTGAC
ATCCTGGAGTGGAAGACCGCACGCACCTTCCTGTATTGGCGTCTGCGCCGCCTCCTCCTG
GAGGACCAGGTCAAGCAGGAGATCCTGCAGGCCAGCGGGGAGCTGAGTCACGTGCATATC
CAGTCCATGCTGCGTCGCTGGTTCGTGGAGACGGAGGGGGCTGTCAAGGCCTACTTGTGG
GACAACAACCAGGTGGTTGTGCAGTGGCTGGAACAGCACTGGCAGGCAGGGGATGGCCCG
CGCTCCACCATCCGTGAGAACATCACGTACCTGAAGCACGACTCTGTCCTCAAGACCATC
CGAGGCCTGGTTGAAGAAAACCCCGAGGTGGCCGTGGACTGTGTGATATACCTGAGCCAG
CACATCAGCCCAGCTGAGCGGGCGCAGGTCGTTCACCTGCTGTCTACCATGGACAGCCCG
GCCTCCACCTGA
Enzyme 6 GenBank Gene ID U89344 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GeneCard ID ACACB Link Image
Enzyme 6 GenAtlas ID ACACB Link Image
Enzyme 6 HGNC ID HGNC:85 Link Image
Enzyme 6 Chromosome Location 12
Enzyme 6 Locus 12q24.11
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 General References
  1. Abu-Elheiga L, Almarza-Ortega DB, Baldini A, Wakil SJ: Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2. Molecular cloning, characterization, chromosomal mapping, and evidence for two isoforms. J Biol Chem. 1997 Apr 18;272(16):10669-77. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Widmer J, Fassihi KS, Schlichter SC, Wheeler KS, Crute BE, King N, Nutile-McMenemy N, Noll WW, Daniel S, Ha J, Kim KH, Witters LA: Identification of a second human acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene. Biochem J. 1996 Jun 15;316 ( Pt 3):915-22. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 6 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 7 [top]
Enzyme 7 ID 5248
Enzyme 7 Name Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 7 Synonyms
  1. Pyruvic carboxylase
  2. PCB
Enzyme 7 Gene Name PC
Enzyme 7 Protein Sequence >Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial precursor 
MLKFRTVHGGLRLLGIRRTSTAPAASPNVRRLEYKPIKKVMVANRGEIAIRVFRACTELG
IRTVAIYSEQDTGQMHRQKADEAYLIGRGLAPVQAYLHIPDIIKVAKENNVDAVHPGYGF
LSERADFAQACQDAGVRFIGPSPEVVRKMGDKVEARAIAIAAGVPVVPGTDAPITSLHEA
HEFSNTYGFPIIFKAAYGGGGRGMRVVHSYEELEENYTRAYSEALAAFGNGALFVEKFIE
KPRHIEVQILGDQYGNILHLYERDCSIQRRHQKVVEIAPAAHLDPQLRTRLTSDSVKLAK
QVGYENAGTVEFLVDRHGKHYFIEVNSRLQVEHTVTEEITDVDLVHAQIHVAEGRSLPDL
GLRQENIRINGCAIQCRVTTEDPARSFQPDTGRIEVFRSGEGMGIRLDNASAFQGAVISP
HYDSLLVKVIAHGKDHPTAATKMSRALAEFRVRGVKTNIAFLQNVLNNQQFLAGTVDTQF
IDENPELFQLRPAQNRAQKLLHYLGHVMVNGPTTPIPVKASPSPTDPVVPAVPIGPPPAG
FRDILLREGPEGFARAVRNHPGLLLMDTTFRDAHQSLLATRVRTHDLKKIAPYVAHNFSK
LFSMENWGGATFDVAMRFLYECPWRRLQELRELIPNIPFQMLLRGANAVGYTNYPDNVVF
KFCEVAKENGMDVFRVFDSLNYLPNMLLGMEAAGSAGGVVEAAISYTGDVADPSRTKYSL
QYYMGLAEELVRAGTHILCIKDMAGLLKPTACTMLVSSLRDRFPDLPLHIHTHDTSGAGV
AAMLACAQAGADVVDVAADSMSGMTSQPSMGALVACTRGTPLDTEVPMERVFDYSEYWEG
ARGLYAAFDCTATMKSGNSDVYENEIPGGQYTNLHFQAHSMGLGSKFKEVKKAYVEANQM
LGDLIKVTPSSKIVGDLAQFMVQNGLSRAEAEAQAEELSFPRSVVEFLQGYIGVPHGGFP
EPFRSKVLKDLPRVEGRPGASLPPLDLQALEKELVDRHGEEVTPEDVLSAAMYPDVFAHF
KDFTATFGPLDSLNTRLFLQGPKIAEEFEVELERGKTLHIKALAVSDLNRAGQRQVFFEL
NGQLRSILVKDTQAMKEMHFHPKALKDVKGQIGAPMPGKVIDIKVVAGAKVAKGQPLCVL
SAMKMETVVTSPMEGTVRKVHVTKDMTLEGDDLILEIE
Enzyme 7 Number of Residues 1178
Enzyme 7 Molecular Weight 129635
Enzyme 7 Theoretical pI 6.83
Enzyme 7 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • biotin binding
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
  • ligase activity, forming carbon-carbon bonds
  • nucleotide binding
  • purine nucleotide binding
  • pyruvate carboxylase activity
  • vitamin binding
Process
  • alcohol metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • gluconeogenesis
  • glucose metabolism
  • hexose metabolism
  • metabolism
  • monosaccharide metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
  • cell
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular
Enzyme 7 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 7 Specific Function Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes a 2-step reaction, involving the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the covalently attached biotin in the first step and the transfer of the carboxyl group to pyruvate in the second. Catalyzes in a tissue specific manner, the initial reactions of glucose (liver, kidney) and lipid (adipose tissue, liver, brain) synthesis from pyruvate
Enzyme 7 Pathways
Enzyme 7 Reactions
  • ATP + pyruvate + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + oxaloacetate
Enzyme 7 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 7 Signals
  • 1-21
Enzyme 7 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 7 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 7 GenBank ID Protein 458236 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P11498 Link Image
Enzyme 7 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PYC_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 7 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 7 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 7 Gene Sequence >3537 bp 
ATGCTGAAGTTCCGAACAGTCCATGGGGGCCTGAGGCTCCTGGGAATCCGCCGAACCTCC
ACCGCCCCCGCTGCCTCCCCAAATGTCCGGCGCCTGGAGTATAAGCCCATCAAGAAAGTC
ATGGTGGCCAACAGAGGTGAGATTGCCATCCGTGTGTTCCGGGCCTGCACGGAGCTGGGC
ATCCGCACCGTAGCCATCTACTCTGAGCAGGACACGGGCCAGATGCACCGGCAGAAAGCA
GATGAAGCCTATCTCATCGGCCGCGGCCTGGCCCCCGTGCAGGCCTACCTGCACATCCCA
GACATCATCAAGGTGGCCAAGGAGAACAACGTAGATGCAGTGCACCCTGGCTACGGGTTC
CTCTCTGAGCGAGCGGACTTCGCCCAGGCCTGCCAGGATGCAGGGGTCCGGTTTATTGGG
CCAAGCCCAGAAGTGGTCCGCAAGATGGGAGACAAGGTGGAGGCCCGGGCCATCGCCATT
GCTGCGGGTGTTCCCGTTGTCCCTGGCACAGATGCCCCCATCACGTCCCTGCATGAGGCC
CACGAGTTCTCCAACACCTACGGCTTCCCCATCATCTTCAAGGCGGCCTATGGGGGTGGA
GGGCGTGGCATGAGGGTGGTGCACAGCTACGAGGAGCTGGAGGAGAATTACACCCGGGCC
TACTCAGAGGCTCTGGCCGCCTTTGGGAATGGGGCGCTGTTTGTGGAGAAGTTCATCGAG
AAGCCACGGCACATCGAGGTGCAGATCTTGGGGGACCAGTATGGGAACATCCTGCACCTG
TACGAGCGAGACTGCTCCATCCAGCGGCGGCACCAGAAGGTGGTCGAGATTGCCCCCGCC
GCCCACCTGGACCCGCAGCTTCGGACTCGGCTCACCAGCGACTCTGTGAAACTCGCTAAA
CAGGTGGGCTACGAGAACGCAGGCACCGTGGAGTTCCTGGTGGACAGGCACGGCAAGCAC
TACTTCATCGAGGTCAACTCCCGCCTGCAGGTGGAGCACACGGTCACAGAGGAGATCACC
GACGTAGACCTGGTCCATGCTCAGATCCACGTGGCTGAGGGCAGGAGCCTACCCGACCTG
GGCCTGCGGCAGGAGAACATCCGCATCAACGGGTGTGCCATCCAGTGCCGGGTCACCACC
GAGGACCCCGCGCGCAGCTTCCAGCCGGACACCGGCCGCATTGAGGTGTTCCGGAGCGGA
GAGGGCATGGGCATCCGCCTGGATAATGCTTCCGCCTTCCAAGGAGCCGTCATCTCGCCC
CACTACGACTCCCTGCTGGTCAAAGTCATTGCCCACGGCAAAGACCACCCCACGGCCGCC
ACCAAGATGAGCAGGGCCCTTGCGGAGTTCCGCGTCCGAGGTGTGAAGACCAACATCGCC
TTCCTGCAGAATGTGCTCAACAACCAGCAGTTCCTGGCAGGCACTGTGGACACCCAGTTC
ATCGACGAGAACCCAGAGCTGTTCCAGCTGCGGCCTGCACAGAACCGGGCCCAAAAGCTG
TTGCACTACCTCGGCCATGTCATGGTAAACGGTCCAACCACCCCGATTCCCGTCAAGGCC
AGCCCCAGCCCCACGGACCCCGTTGTCCCTGCAGTGCCCATAGGCCCGCCCCCGGCTGGT
TTCAGAGACATCCTGCTGCGAGAGGGGCCTGAGGGCTTTGCTCGAGCTGTGCGGAACCAC
CCGGGGCTGCTGCTGATGGACACGACCTTCAGGGACGCCCACCAGTCACTGCTGGCCACT
CGTGTGCGCACCCACGATCTCAAAAAGATCGCCCCCTATGTTGCCCACAACTTCAGCAAG
CTCTTCAGCATGGAGAACTGGGGAGGAGCCACGTTTGACGTCGCCATGCGCTTCCTGTAT
GAGTGCCCCTGGCGGCGGCTGCAGGAGCTCCGGGAGCTCATCCCCAACATCCCTTTCCAG
ATGCTGCTGCGGGGGGCCAATGCTGTGGGCTACACCAACTACCCAGACAACGTGGTCTTC
AAGTTCTGTGAAGTGGCCAAAGAGAATGGCATGGATGTCTTCCGTGTGTTTGACTCCCTC
AACTACTTGCCCAACATGCTGCTGGGCATGGAGGCGGCAGGAAGTGCCGGAGGCGTGGTG
GAGGCTGCCATCTCATACACGGGCGACGTGGCCGACCCCAGCCGCACCAAGTACTCACTG
CAGTACTACATGGGCTTGGCCGAAGAGCTGGTGCGAGCTGGCACCCACATCCTGTGCATC
AAGGACATGGCCGGGCTGCTGAAGCCCACGGCCTGCACCATGCTGGTCAGCTCCCTCCGG
GACCGCTTCCCCGACCTCCCACTGCACATCCACACCCACGACACGTCAGGGGCAGGCGTG
GCAGCCATGCTGGCCTGTGCCCAGGCTGGAGCTGATGTGGTGGATGTGGCAGCTGATTCC
ATGTCTGGGATGACTTCACAGCCCAGCATGGGGGCCCTGGTGGCCTGTACCAGAGGGACT
CCCCTGGACACAGAGGTGCCCATGGAGCGCGTGTTTGACTACAGTGAGTACTGGGAGGGG
GCTCGGGGACTGTACGCGGCCTTCGACTGCACGGCCACCATGAAGTCTGGCAACTCGGAC
GTGTATGAAAATGAGATCCCAGGGGGCCAGTACACCAACCTGCACTTCCAGGCCCACAGC
ATGGGGCTTGGCTCCAAGTTCAAGGAGGTCAAGAAGGCCTATGTGGAGGCCAACCAGATG
CTGGGCGATCTCATCAAGGTGACGCCCTCCTCCAAGATCGTGGGGGACCTGGCCCAGTTT
ATGGTGCAGAATGGATTGAGCCGGGCAGAGGCCGAAGCTCAGGCGGAAGAGCTGTCCTTT
CCCCGCTCCGTGGTGGAGTTCCTGCAGGGCTACATCGGTGTCCCCCATGGGGGGTTCCCC
GAACCCTTTCGCTCTAAGGTACTGAAGGACCTGCCAAGGGTGGAGGGGCGGCCTGGAGCC
TCCCTCCCTCCCCTGGATCTGCAGGCACTGGAGAAGGAGCTGGTAGACCGGCATGGGGAG
GAGGTGACGCCGGAAGATGTGCTCTCAGCAGCTATGTACCCCGATGTGTTTGCCCACTTC
AAGGACTTCACTGCCACCTTTGGCCCCCTGGATAGCCTGAATACTCGCCTCTTCCTGCAG
GGACCCAAGATCGCAGAGGAGTTTGAGGTGGAGCTGGAGCGGGGCAAGACGCTGCACATC
AAAGCCCTGGCCGTGAGCGACCTGAACCGGGCCGGCCAGAGGCAGGTCTTCTTTGAGCTC
AATGGGCAGCTGCGGTCCATCTTGGTCAAGGACACCCAGGCCATGAAGGAGATGCACTTC
CACCCCAAGGCCCTAAAGGACGTGAAGGGCCAGATCGGGGCGCCCATGCCTGGGAAGGTG
ATAGACATCAAAGTGGTGGCAGGGGCCAAGGTGGCCAAGGGCCAGCCCCTGTGTGTGCTC
AGTGCCATGAAGATGGAGACTGTGGTGACCTCACCCATGGAGGGTACTGTCCGCAAGGTT
CATGTGACCAAGGACATGACACTGGAAGGTGACGACCTCATCCTGGAGATCGAGTGA
Enzyme 7 GenBank Gene ID U04641 Link Image
Enzyme 7 GeneCard ID PC Link Image
Enzyme 7 GenAtlas ID PC Link Image
Enzyme 7 HGNC ID HGNC:8636 Link Image
Enzyme 7 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 7 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 7 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 7 General References
  1. Wexler ID, Du Y, Lisgaris MV, Mandal SK, Freytag SO, Yang BS, Liu TC, Kwon M, Patel MS, Kerr DS: Primary amino acid sequence and structure of human pyruvate carboxylase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Oct 21;1227(1-2):46-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. MacKay N, Rigat B, Douglas C, Chen HS, Robinson BH: cDNA cloning of human kidney pyruvate carboxylase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Jul 29;202(2):1009-14. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Lamhonwah AM, Quan F, Gravel RA: Sequence homology around the biotin-binding site of human propionyl-CoA carboxylase and pyruvate carboxylase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 May 1;254(2):631-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Freytag SO, Collier KJ: Molecular cloning of a cDNA for human pyruvate carboxylase. Structural relationship to other biotin-containing carboxylases and regulation of mRNA content in differentiating preadipocytes. J Biol Chem. 1984 Oct 25;259(20):12831-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Carbone MA, MacKay N, Ling M, Cole DE, Douglas C, Rigat B, Feigenbaum A, Clarke JT, Haworth JC, Greenberg CR, Seargeant L, Robinson BH: Amerindian pyruvate carboxylase deficiency is associated with two distinct missense mutations. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Jun;62(6):1312-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Wexler ID, Kerr DS, Du Y, Kaung MM, Stephenson W, Lusk MM, Wappner RS, Higgins JJ: Molecular characterization of pyruvate carboxylase deficiency in two consanguineous families. Pediatr Res. 1998 May;43(5):579-84. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 7 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 8 [top]
Enzyme 8 ID 5276
Enzyme 8 Name Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1
Enzyme 8 Synonyms
  1. ACC-alpha[Includes: Biotin carboxylase
Enzyme 8 Gene Name ACACA
Enzyme 8 Protein Sequence >Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 
MDEPSPLAQPLELNQHSRFIIGSVSEDNSEDEISNLVKLDLLEEKEGSLSPASVGSDTLS
DLGISSLQDGLALHIRSSMSGLHLVKQGRDRKKIDSQRDFTVASPAEFVTRFGGNKVIEK
VLIANNGIAAVKCMRSIRRWSYEMFRNERAIRFVVMVTPEDLKANAEYIKMADHYVPVPG
GPNNNNYANVELILDIAKRIPVQAVWAGWGHASENPKLPELLLKNGIAFMGPPSQAMWAL
GDKIASSIVAQTAGIPTLPWSGSGLRVDWQENDFSKRILNVPQELYEKGYVKDVDDGLQA
AEEVGYPVMIKASEGGGGKGIRKVNNADDFPNLFRQVQAEVPGSPIFVMRLAKQSRHLEV
QILADQYGNAISLFGRDCSVQRRHQKIIEEAPATIATPAVFEHMEQCAVKLAKMVGYVSA
GTVEYLYSQDGSFYFLELNPRLQVEHPCTEMVADVNLPAAQLQIAMGIPLYRIKDIRMMY
GVSPWGDSPIDFEDSAHVPCPRGHVIAARITSENPDEGFKPSSGTVQELNFRSNKNVWGY
FSVAAAGGLHEFADSQFGHCFSWGENREEAISNMVVALKELSIRGDFRTTVEYLIKLLET
ESFQMNRIDTGWLDRLIAEKVQAERPDTMLGVVCGALHVADVSLRNSVSNFLHSLERGQV
LPAHTLLNTVDVELIYEGVKYVLKVTRQSPNSYVVIMNGSCVEVDVHRLSDGGLLLSYDG
SSYTTYMKEEVDRYRITIGNKTCVFEKENDPSVMRSPSAGKLIQYIVEDGGHVFAGQCYA
EIEVMKMVMTLTAVESGCIHYVKRPGAALDPGCVLAKMQLDNPSKVQQAELHTGSLPRIQ
STALRGEKLHRVFHYVLDNLVNVMNGYCLPDPFFSSKVKDWVERLMKTLRDPSLPLLELQ
DIMTSVSGRIPPNVEKSIKKEMAQYASNITSVLCQFPSQQIANILDSHAATLNRKSEREV
FFMNTQSIVQLVQRYRSGIRGHMKAVVMDLLRQYLRVETQFQNGHYDKCVFALREENKSD
MNTVLNYIFSHAQVTKKNLLVTMLIDQLCGRDPTLTDELLNILTELTQLSKTTNAKVALR
ARQVLIASHLPSYELRHNQVESIFLSAIDMYGHQFCIENLQKLILSETSIFDVLPNFFYH
SNQVVRMAALEVYVRRAYIAYELNSVQHRQLKDNTCVVEFQFMLPTSHPNRGNIPTLNRM
SFSSNLNHYGMTHVASVSDVLLDNSFTPPCQRMGGMVSFRTFEDFVRIFDEVMGCFSDSP
PQSPTFPEAGHTSLYDEDKVPRDEPIHILNVAIKTDCDIEDDRLAAMFREFTQQNKATLV
DHGIRRLTFLVAQKDFRKQVNYEVDRRFHREFPKFFTFRARDKFEEDRIYRHLEPALAFQ
LELNRMRNFDLTAIPCANHKMHLYLGAAKVEVGTEVTDYRFFVRAIIRHSDLVTKEASFE
YLQNEGERLLLEAMDELEVAFNNTNVRTDCNHIFLNFVPTVIMDPSKIEESVRSMVMRYG
SRLWKLRVLQAELKINIRLTPTGKAIPIRLFLTNESGYYLDISLYKEVTDSRTAQIMFQA
YGDKQGPLHGMLINTPYVTKDLLQSKRFQAQSLGTTYIYDIPEMFRQSLIKLWESMSTQA
FLPSPPLPSDMLTYTELVLDDQGQLVHMNRLPGGNEIGMVAWKMTFKSPEYPEGRDIIVI
GNDITYRIGSFGPQEDLLFLRASELARAEGIPRIYVSANSGARIGLAEEIRHMFHVAWVD
PEDPYKGYRYLYLTPQDYKRVSALNSVHCEHVEDEGESRYKITDIIGKEEGIGPENLRGS
GMIAGESSLAYNEIITISLVTCRAIGIGAYLVRLGQRTIQVENSHLILTGAGALNKVLGR
EVYTSNNQLGGIQIMHNNGVTHCTVCDDFEGVFTVLHWLSYMPKSVHSSVPLLNSKDPID
RIIEFVPTKTPYDPRWMLAGRPHPTQKGQWLSGFFDYGSFSEIMQPWAQTVVVGRARLGG
IPVGVVAVETRTVELSIPADPANLDSEAKIIQQAGQVWFPDSAFKTYQAIKDFNREGLPL
MVFANWRGFSGGMKDMYDQVLKFGAYIVDGLRECCQPVLVYIPPQAELRGGSWVVIDSSI
NPRHMEMYADRESRGSVLEPEGTVEIKFRRKDLVKTMRRVDPVYIHLAERLGTPELSTAE
RKELENKLKEREEFLIPIYHQVAVQFADLHDTPGRMQEKGVISDILDWKTSRTFFYWRLR
RLLLEDLVKKKIHNANPELTDGQIQAMLRRWFVEVEGTVKAYVWDNNKDLAEWLEKQLTE
EDGVHSVIEENIKCISRDYVLKQIRSLVQANPEVAMDSIIHMTQHISPTQRAEVIRILST
MDSPST
Enzyme 8 Number of Residues 2346
Enzyme 8 Molecular Weight 265557
Enzyme 8 Theoretical pI 6.32
Enzyme 8 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • biotin binding
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
  • nucleotide binding
  • purine nucleotide binding
  • vitamin binding
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 8 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 8 Specific Function Catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction in the biogenesis of long-chain fatty acids. Carries out three functions:biotin carboxyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase and carboxyltransferase
Enzyme 8 Pathways
Enzyme 8 Reactions
  • ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
Enzyme 8 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 8 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 8 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 8 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 8 GenBank ID Protein 849083 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q13085 Link Image
Enzyme 8 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name COA1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 8 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 8 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 8 Gene Sequence >7041 bp 
ATGGATGAACCATCTCCCTTGGCCCAACCTCTGGAGCTGAACCAGCACTCTCGATTCATA
ATAGGTTCTGTGTCAGAAGATAACTCAGAGGATGAGATCAGCAACCTGGTGAAGCTGGAC
CTACTGGAGGAGAAGGAGGGCTCCTTGTCACCTGCTTCTGTTGGCTCAGATACACTCTCT
GATTTGGGGATCTCTGCCCTACAGGATGGCTTGGCCTTGCACATAAGGTCCAGCTGGTCT
GGCTTGCACCTAGTAAAGCAGGGCGGAGACAGAAAGAAAATAGATTCTCAACGAGATTTC
ACTGTGGCTTCTCCAGCAGAATTTGTTACTCGCTTTGGGGGAAATAAAGTGATTGAGAAG
GTTCTCATCGCTAACAATGGCATTGCAGCAGTGAAATGCATGCGGTCTATCCGTAGGTGG
TCTTATGAAATGTTTCGAAATGAACGTGCAATTAGATTCGTTGTCATGGTCACACCTGAA
GACCTTAAAGCCAATGCAGAATACATTAAGATGGCAGATCACTATGTGCCGGTGCCTGGA
GGAGCAAACAACAACAACTATGCAAATGTGGAATTAATTCTTGATATTGCTAAAAGGATC
CCAGTGCAAGCAGTGTGGGCTGGCTGGGGTCATGCTTCTGAGAATCCCAAACTACCGGAA
CTTCTCTTGAAAAATGGCATTGCCTTCATGGGTCCTCCAAACCAGGCCATGTGGGCTTTA
GGGGATAAGATTGCATCTTCCATAGTGGCTCAAACTGCAGGTATCCCAACTCTTCCCTGG
AGCGGCAGTGGTCTTCGTGTGGACTGGCAGGAAAATGATTTTTCAAAACGTATCTTAAAT
GTTCCCCAGGAGCTATATGAAAAAGGTTATGTGAAAGATGTGGATGATGGGCTAAAGGCA
GCTGAGAAGGTTGGATATCCAGTAATGATCAAGGCCTCAGAGGGAGGAGGAGGGAAGGGA
ATTAGAAAAGTTAACAATGCAGATGACTTCCCTAATCTCTTCAGACAGGTTCAAGCTGAA
GTTCCTGGATCTCCCATATTTGTGATGAGACTAGCCAAACAATCTCGTCATCTGGAGGTG
CAGATCTTAGCGGACCAATATGGCAATGCTATCTCTTTGTTTGGTCGTGATTGCTCTGTA
CAACGCAGGCATCAGAAGATTATTGAAGAAGCACCTGCTACTATTGCTACTCCAGCAGTA
TTTGAACACATGGAACAGTGTGCGGTGAAACTTGCCAAAATGGTGGGTTATGTGAGTGCT
GGGACTGTGGAATACCTGTACAGCCAGGATGGCAGCTTCTACTTTCTAGAATTGAACCCT
CGGCTACAGGTTGAACAACCTTGTACAGAGATGGTGGCTGATGTCAATCTCCCCGCAGCA
CAGCTCCAGATTGCCATGGGGATTCCTCTATATAGAATCAAGGATATCCGTATGATGTAT
GGGGTATCTCCTTGGGGTGATTCTCCCATTGATTTTGAAAATTCTGCTCACGTTCCTTGT
CCAAGGGGCCATGTTATTGCTGCTCGGATCACTAGTGAAAATCCAGATGAGGGTTTTAAG
CCCAGCTCAGGAACAGTTCAGGAGCTAAATTTCCGCAGCAATAAGAATGTTTGGGGATAT
TTCAGTGTTGCTGCTGCAGGGGGACTTCATGAATTTGCTGGTTCTCAGTTTGGTCACTGC
TTTTCTTGGGGAGAAAACAGAGAAGAAGCAATTTCAAACATGGTGGTGGCATTGAAGGAG
CTGTCTATTCGGGGTGACTTTCGAACTACAGTTGAATACCTGATCAAATTGTTAGAGACT
GAAAGCTTTCAAATGAACAGAATTGATACTGGCTGGCTGGACAGACTGATAGCAGAAAAA
GTACGGGCTGAGCGTCCTGACACCATGTTGGGGGTTGTGTGTGGTGCCCTCCACGTCGGA
GATGTGAGCCTGCGAAATAGCGTCTCTAACTTCCTTCACTCCTTAGAAAGGGGTCAAGTC
CTTCCGGCTCATACACTTCTGAATACAGTAGATGTTGAACTTATCTATGAGGGAGTCAAG
TATGTACTTAAGGTGACTCGACAGTCCCCCAACTCCTATGTGGTGATCATGAATGGCTCA
TGTGTAGAAGTAGATGTACATCGGCTGAGTGACGGTGGACTGCTCTTGTCCTATGATGGC
AGCAGTTACACCACGTATATGAAGGAGGAAGTAGACAGATATCGCATCACAATTGGCAAT
AAAACCTGTGTGTTTGAGAAGGAAAATGACCCATCGGTGATGCGCTCACCTTCTGCTGGG
AAGTTAATCCAGTACATTGTAGAAGATGGAGGTCATGTGTTTGCCGGCCAGTGCTATGCA
GAGATTGAGGTAATGAAGATGGTAATGACTTTGACAGCTGTGGAGTCTGGCTGTATCCAT
TACGTCAAGCGTCCTGGAGCAGCTCTTGACCCTGGCTGTGTACTCGCCAAAATGCAACTG
GACAACCCCAGCAAGGTTCAGCAGGCTGAACTTCACACAGGTAGTCTGCCACGGATCCAG
AGCACCGCTCTCCGAGGCGAGAAGCTCCATCGAGTGTTCCACTATGTCCTGGATAATCTG
GTCAATGTAATGAATGGATACTGCCTTCCAGATCCTTTCTTTAGCAGCAAGGTAAAAGAC
TGGGTAGAACGATTGATGAAAACCCTCAGAGATCCCTCCCTGCCTCTCCTAGAATTGCAA
GATATTATGACCAGTGTGTCTGGCCGCATTCCCCCCAATGTGGAGAAGTCTATCAAGAAG
GAAATGGCTCAGTATGCTAGCAACATCACATCAGTCCTCTGTCAGTTTCCCAGCCAGCAG
ATTGCAAACATCCTAGATAGCCATGCAGCTACATTGAACCGGAAATCTGAACGGGAAGTC
TTCTTTATGAATACTCAGAGCATTGTCCAGCTGGTACAGAGGTACCGAAGTGGCATCCGA
GGCCACATGAAGGCTGTGGTGATGGATCTGCTCCGGCAGTACCTGCGAGTAGAGACACAA
TTCCAGAATGGTCACTATGACAAATGTGTATTCGCCCTTCGAGAAGAGAATAAGAGTGAC
ATGAACACTGTACTGAACTACATCTTCTCTCACGCTCAAGTCACCAAGAAGAATCTTCTG
GTCACAATGCTTATTGATCAGTTGTGTGGCCGGGACCCTACTCTAACTGATGAGCTGCTG
AGTATTCTCACAGAGCTAACTCAACTCAGTAAGACCACCAATGCCAAAGTAGCACTTCGA
GCACGCCAGGTTCTTATTGCCTCCCATTTGCCATCATATGACGTTCGCCATAACCAAGTA
GAGTCTATCTTCCTATCAGCTATTGACATGTATGGACATCAATTTTGCATTGAGAACCTG
CAGAAACTCATCCTATCAGAAACATCTATTTTTGATGTCCTACCAAACTTCTTCTATCAC
AGCAACCAAGTAGTGAGGATGGCAGCTCTGGAGGTGTACGTTCGAAGGGCTTATATTGCC
TATGAACTTAACAGCGTACAACACCGCCAGCTTAAGGACAACACCTGCGTGGTGGAATTC
CAGTTCATGCTGCCCACATCTCATCCAAACAGAGGGAACATCCCTACGCTAAACAGAATG
TCCTTCTCCTCCAACCTCAACCACTATGGCATGACCCATGTAGCTAGTGTCAGCGATGTT
CTGTTGGACAACGCCTTCACACCACCTTGTCAACGCATGGGCGGAATGGTCTCTTTTCGG
ACTTTTGAAGATTTTGTCAGGATCTTTGATGAAGTAATGGGCTGCTTCTGTGACTCCCCA
CCCCAGAGTCCCACATTCCCTGAGGCAGGTCACACGTCTCTTTATGATGAGGATAAGGTT
CCCAGGGATGAACCAATTCACATTCTCAATGTGGCTATCAAGACTGACGGTGATATTGAG
GATGACAGGCTGGCAGCTATGTTCAGAGAATTCACCCAGCAAAATAAAGCTACCCTGGCT
GACCATGGGATCCGGCGCCTGACTTTCCTGGTTGCACAAAAGGATTTCAGAAAGCAGGTC
AACTATGAGGTGGATCGGAGATTTCATAGAGAATTCCCTAAATTTTTTACATTCCGAGCA
AGGGATAAGTTTGAGGAGGATCGTATCTATCGTCATCTGGAGCCTGCTCTGGCTTTCCAG
TTAGAGCTGAACCGGATGAGAAATTTTGACCTCACTGCCATTCCATGTGCTAATCACAAG
ATGCACCTGTATCTCGGGGCAGCCAAGGTGGAAGTGGGCACAGAAGTGACAGACTACAGG
TTCTTTGTTCGTGCAATCATCAGGCATTCTGATCTGGTCACCAAGGAAGCTTCTTTTGAA
TATCTGCAAAGTGAAGGGGAGCGGCTACTCCTGGAAGCCATGGATGAGTTGGAAGTTGCT
TTTAACAATACAAATGTCCGCACTGACTGTAACCACATCCTCCTCAACTTTGTGCCCACG
GTTATCATGGACCCATCAAAGATTGAGGAATCCGTGCGGAGCATGGTAATGCGGTATGGA
AGTCGCCTGTGGAAATTGCGCGTCCTCCAGGCAGAACTGAAAATCAACATTCGCCTGACG
CCAACTGGAAAAGCAATTCCCATCCGCCTTTTCCTGACAAACGAGTCTGGCTATTACTTG
GATATCAGCCTATACAAGGAAGTGACTGACTCCAGGACAGCACAGATCATGTTTCAGGCA
TATGGAGACAAGCAGGGACCACTGCATGGAATGTTAATCAATACTCCATATGTGACCAAA
GACCTGCTGCAATCAAAGAGGTTCCAGGCACAATCCTTAGGGACAACGTACATATATGAT
ATCCCAGAGATGTTTCGGCAGTCCCTGATCAAACTCTGGGAGTCTATGTCAACTCAAGCA
TTTCTTCCATCTCCCCCTCTGCCTTCTGACATGCTGACTTACACTGAACTGGTACTGGAT
GATCAAGGTCAGCTGGTCCACATGAACAGGCTTCCAGGAGGAAATGAGATTGGCATGGTA
GCTTGGAAAATGAGCCTTAAAAGTCCTGAATATCCAGAAGGCCGAGATGTTATTGTTATT
GGCAATGACATTACATACCGAATTGGGTCCTTTGGGCCTCAAGAAGATTTGTTATTTCTC
AGAGCTTCCGAACTTGCTAGGGCCGAAGGCATTCCACGCATCTATGTATCAGCCAACAGT
GGAGCAAGAATCGGACTGGCAGAAGAAATTCGCCATATGTTTCATGTGGCCTGGGTAGAT
TCTGAGGATCCTTACAAGGGATACAGGTATTTATATCTGACTCCTCAAGATTATAAGAGA
GTCGGTGCTCTCAACTCTGTCCATTGTGAACACGTGGAAGATGAAGGAGAATCCAGGTAC
AAGATAACAGATATTATTGGGAAAGAAGAGGGAATTGGACCCGAGAACCTTCGAGGTTCT
GGAATGATCGCTGGAGAATCCTCATTGGCCTATAATGAGATCATTACCATCAGCCTGGTG
ACGTCCCGGGCCATTGGGATTGGGGCTTACCTTGTCCGGCTGGGACAGAGAACCATCCAG
GTTGAGAATTCTCACTTGATTCTAACAGGAGCTGGAGCCCTCAACAAAGTCCTCGGGCGG
GAAGTGTACACCTCCAATAACCAGCTGGGGGGCATCCAGATTACGCACAACAATGGGGTG
ACCCACTGCACTGTGTGTGACGGCTTTGAAGGGGTTTTCACTGTCCTGCACTGGCTGTCT
TACATGCCCAAGAGCGTACACAGTTCAGTTCCTCTTCTGAACTCAAAGGATCCTATAGAC
AGAATCATCGAGTTTGTTCCCACAAAGACCCCATATGATCCTCGATGGATGCTAGCAGGC
CGCCCTCACCCAACCCAAAAAGGTCAGTGGTTGAGTGGCTTTTTTGACTATGGATCTTTC
TCAGAGATTATGCAGCCCTGGGCACAGACGGTGGTGGTTGGTAGAGCCAGGTTAGGGGGA
ATACCTGTGGGAGTTGTTGCTGTAGAAACCCGGACAGTAGAACTAAGTGTACCAGCTGAT
CCAGCAAACCTGGATTCTGAAGCCAAGATAATCCAGCACGCCGGCCAAGTTTGGTTTCCG
GATTCTGCGTTTAAGACGTATCAGGCCATCAAGGACTTCAACCGGGAAGGGCTACCTCTA
ATGGTCTTTGCCAACTGGAGAGGCTTCTCTGGTGGAATGAAAGATATGTATCACCAAGTG
CTGAAGTTTGGTGCTTACATTGTGGATGGCTTGCGGGAATGTTCCCAGCCTGTGCTGGTC
TACATTCCTCCCCAGGCTGAGCTGCGGGGTGGCTCCTGGGTGGTGATCGACCCAACCATC
AATCCTCGGCACATGGAGATGTATGCTGACCGAGAAAGCAGGGGATCTGTTCTGGAGCCA
GAAGGGACGGTAGAAATCAAATTCCGCAGAAAGGATCTGGTGAAAACCATGCGTCGGGTG
GACCCAGTCTACATCCACTTGGCTGAGCGATTGGGGACCCCAGAGCTGAGCCCAACTGAG
CGGAAGGAGTTGGAGAGCAAGTTGAAGGAGCGGGAGGAATTCCTAATTCCAATTTACCAT
CAGGTAGCCGTGCAGTTTGCTGACTTGCACGACACTCCAGGCCGGATGCAGGAGAAGGGT
GTTATTAGCGATATCCTGGATTGGAAAACATCCCGTACCTTCTTCTACTGGCGACTGAGG
CGTCTTCTGCTGGAGGACCTGGTCAAGAAGAAAATCCACAGTGCCAACCCTGAGCTGACT
GATGGCCAGATTCAAGCCATGTTAAGACGCTGGTTTGTGGAAGTGGAAGGAACAGTGAAG
GCTTATGTTTGGGACAATAATAAGGATCTGGCGGAGTGGCTAGAGAAACAGCTGACAGAG
GAGGATGGTGTTCACTCGGTAATAGAGGAAAACATCAAATGCATCAGCAGAGACTACGTC
CTCAAGCAAATCCGCAGCTTGGTCCAGGCCAATCCAGAGGTTGCCATGGATTCCATCATC
CATATGACGCAGCACATATCACCCACTCAGCGGGCAGAAGTCATAAGGATCCTTTCCACT
ATGGACTCCCCTTCTACGTAG
Enzyme 8 GenBank Gene ID U19822 Link Image
Enzyme 8 GeneCard ID ACACA Link Image
Enzyme 8 GenAtlas ID ACACA Link Image
Enzyme 8 HGNC ID HGNC:84 Link Image
Enzyme 8 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 8 Locus 17q21
Enzyme 8 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 8 General References
  1. Abu-Elheiga L, Jayakumar A, Baldini A, Chirala SS, Wakil SJ: Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase: characterization, molecular cloning, and evidence for two isoforms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Apr 25;92(9):4011-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Mao J, Chirala SS, Wakil SJ: Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 gene: presence of three promoters and heterogeneity at the 5'-untranslated mRNA region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jun 24;100(13):7515-20. Epub 2003 Jun 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 8 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 9 [top]
Enzyme 9 ID 5313
Enzyme 9 Name Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1
Enzyme 9 Synonyms
  1. NTPDase 1
  2. Ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase
  3. ATPDase
  4. Lymphoid cell activation antigen
  5. Ecto-apyrase
  6. CD39 antigen
Enzyme 9 Gene Name ENTPD1
Enzyme 9 Protein Sequence >Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 
MEDTKESNVKTFCSKNILAILGFSSIIAVIALLAVGLTQNKALPENVKYGIVLDAGSSHT
SLYIYKWPAEKENDTGVVHQVEECRVKGPGISKFVQKVNEIGIYLTDCMERAREVIPRSQ
HQETPVYLGATAGMRLLRMESEELADRVLDVVERSLSNYPFDFQGARIITGQEEGAYGWI
TINYLLGKFSQKTRWFSIVPYETNNQETFGALDLGGASTQVTFVPQNQTIESPDNALQFR
LYGKDYNVYTHSFLCYGKDQALWQKLAKDIQVASNEILRDPCFHPGYKKVVNVSDLYKTP
CTKRFEMTLPFQQFEIQGIGNYQQCHQSILELFNTSYCPYSQCAFNGIFLPPLQGDFGAF
SAFYFVMKFLNLTSEKVSQEKVTEMMKKFCAQPWEEIKTSYAGVKEKYLSEYCFSGTYIL
SLLLQGYHFTADSWEHIHFIGKIQGSDAGWTLGYMLNLTNMIPAEQPLSTPLSHSTYVFL
MVLFSLVLFTVAIIGLLIFHKPSYFWKDMV
Enzyme 9 Number of Residues 510
Enzyme 9 Molecular Weight 57965
Enzyme 9 Theoretical pI 6.29
Enzyme 9 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 9 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 9 Specific Function In the nervous system, could hydrolyze ATP and other nucleotides to regulate purinergic neurotransmission. Could also be implicated in the prevention of platelet aggregation. Hydrolyzes ATP and ADP equally well
Enzyme 9 Pathways
Enzyme 9 Reactions
  • ATP + 2 H2O = AMP + 2 phosphate
Enzyme 9 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 9 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 9 Transmembrane Regions
  • 17-37 479-499
Enzyme 9 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 9 GenBank ID Protein 765256 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49961 Link Image
Enzyme 9 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ENTP1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 9 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 9 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 9 Gene Sequence >1533 bp 
ATGGAAGATACAAAGGAGTCTAACGTGAAGACATTTTGCTCCAAGAATATCCTAGCCATC
CTTGGCTTCTCCTCTATCATAGCTGTGATAGCTTTGCTTGCTGTGGGGTTGACCCAGAAC
AAAGCATTGCCAGAAAACGTTAAGTATGGGATTGTGCTGGATGCGGGTTCTTCTCACACA
AGTTTATACATCTATAAGTGGCCAGCAGAAAAGGAGAATGACACAGGCGTGGTGCATCAA
GTAGAAGAATGCAGGGTTAAAGGTCCTGGAATCTCAAAATTTGTTCAGAAAGTAAATGAA
ATAGGCATTTACCTGACTGATTGCATGGAAAGAGCTAGGGAAGTGATTCCAAGGTCCCAG
CACCAAGAGACACCCGTTTACCTGGGAGCCACGGCAGGCATGCGGTTGCTCAGGATGGAA
AGTGAAGAGTTGGCAGACAGGGTTCTGGATGTGGTGGAGAGGAGCCTCAGCAACTACCCC
TTTGACTTCCAGGGTGCCAGGATCATTACTGGCCAAGAGGAAGGTGCCTATGGCTGGATT
ACTATCAACTATCTGCTGGGCAAATTCAGTCAGAAAACAAGGTGGTTCAGCATAGTCCCA
TATGAAACCAATAATCAGGAAACCTTTGGAGCTTTGGACCTTGGGGGAGCCTCTACACAA
GTCACTTTTGTACCCCAAAACCAGACTATCGAGTCCCCAGATAATGCTCTGCAATTTCGC
CTCTATGGCAAGGACTACAATGTCTACACACATAGCTTCTTGTGCTATGGGAAGGATCAG
GCACTCTGGCAGAAACTGGCCAAGGACATTCAGGTTGCAAGTAATGAAATTCTCAGGGAC
CCATGCTTTCATCCTGGATATAAGAAGGTAGTGAACGTAAGTGACCTTTACAAGACCCCC
TGCACCAAGAGATTTGAGATGACTCTTCCATTCCAGCAGTTTGAAATCCAGGGTATTGGA
AACTATCAACAATGCCATCAAAGCATCCTGGAGCTCTTCAACACCAGTTACTGCCCTTAC
TCCCAGTGTGCCTTCAATGGGATTTTCTTGCCACCACTCCAGGGGGATTTTGGGGCATTT
TCAGCTTTTTACTTTGTGATGAAGTTTTTAAACTTGACATCAGAGAAAGTCTCTCAGGAA
AAGGTGACTGAGATGATGAAAAAGTTCTGTGCTCAGCCTTGGGAGGAGATAAAAACATCT
TACGCTGGAGTAAAGGAGAAGTACCTGAGTGAATACTGCTTTTCTGGTACCTACATTCTC
TCCCTCCTTCTGCAAGGCTATCATTTCACAGCTGATTCCTGGGAGCACATCCATTTCATT
GGCAAGATCCAGGGCAGCGACGCCGGCTGGACTTTGGGCTACATGCTGAACCTGACCAAC
ATGATCCCAGCTGAGCAACCATTGTCCACACCTCTCTCCCACTCCACCTATGTCTTCCTC
ATGGTTCTATTCTCCCTGGTCCTTTTCACAGTGGCCATCATAGGCTTGCTTATCTTTCAC
AAGCCTTCATATTTCTGGAAAGATATGGTATAG
Enzyme 9 GenBank Gene ID S73813 Link Image
Enzyme 9 GeneCard ID ENTPD1 Link Image
Enzyme 9 GenAtlas ID ENTPD1 Link Image
Enzyme 9 HGNC ID HGNC:3363 Link Image
Enzyme 9 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 9 Locus 10q24
Enzyme 9 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 9 General References
  1. Maliszewski CR, Delespesse GJ, Schoenborn MA, Armitage RJ, Fanslow WC, Nakajima T, Baker E, Sutherland GR, Poindexter K, Birks C, et al.: The CD39 lymphoid cell activation antigen. Molecular cloning and structural characterization. J Immunol. 1994 Oct 15;153(8):3574-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Robson SC, Kaczmarek E, Siegel JB, Candinas D, Koziak K, Millan M, Hancock WW, Bach FH: Loss of ATP diphosphohydrolase activity with endothelial cell activation. J Exp Med. 1997 Jan 6;185(1):153-63. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Matsumoto M, Sakurai Y, Kokubo T, Yagi H, Makita K, Matsui T, Titani K, Fujimura Y, Narita N: The cDNA cloning of human placental ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolases I and II. FEBS Lett. 1999 Jun 25;453(3):335-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Christoforidis S, Papamarcaki T, Galaris D, Kellner R, Tsolas O: Purification and properties of human placental ATP diphosphohydrolase. Eur J Biochem. 1995 Nov 15;234(1):66-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Makita K, Shimoyama T, Sakurai Y, Yagi H, Matsumoto M, Narita N, Sakamoto Y, Saito S, Ikeda Y, Suzuki M, Titani K, Fujimura Y: Placental ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase: its structural feature distinct from CD39, localization and inhibition on shear-induced platelet aggregation. Int J Hematol. 1998 Oct;68(3):297-310. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Kaczmarek E, Koziak K, Sevigny J, Siegel JB, Anrather J, Beaudoin AR, Bach FH, Robson SC: Identification and characterization of CD39/vascular ATP diphosphohydrolase. J Biol Chem. 1996 Dec 20;271(51):33116-22. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Wang TF, Guidotti G: CD39 is an ecto-(Ca2+,Mg2+)-apyrase. J Biol Chem. 1996 Apr 26;271(17):9898-901. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Koziak K, Kaczmarek E, Kittel A, Sevigny J, Blusztajn JK, Schulte Am Esch J 2nd, Imai M, Guckelberger O, Goepfert C, Qawi I, Robson SC: Palmitoylation targets CD39/endothelial ATP diphosphohydrolase to caveolae. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jan 21;275(3):2057-62. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 9 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 10 [top]
Enzyme 10 ID 5314
Enzyme 10 Name Soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase 1
Enzyme 10 Synonyms
  1. SCAN-1
  2. Apyrase homolog
  3. Putative NF-kappa-B-activating protein 107
  4. Putative MAPK-activating protein PM09
Enzyme 10 Gene Name CANT1
Enzyme 10 Protein Sequence >Soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase 1 
MPVQLSEHPEWNESMHSLRISVGGLPVLASMTKAADPRFRPRWKVILTFFVGAAILWLLC
SHRPAPGRPPTHNAHNWRLGQAPANWYNDTYPLSPPQRTPAGIRYRIAVIADLDTESRAQ
EENTWFSYLKKGYLTLSDSGDKVAVEWDKDHGVLESHLAEKGRGMELSDLIVFNGKLYSV
DDRTGVVYQIEGSKAVPWVILSDGDGTVEKGFKAEWLAVKDERLYVGGLGKEWTTTTGDV
VNENPEWVKVVGYKGSVDHENWVSNYNALRAAAGIQPPGYLIHESACWSDTLQRWFFLPR
RASQERYSEKDDERKGANLLLSASPDFGDIAVSHVGAVVPTHGFSSFKFIPNTDDQIIVA
LKSEEDSGRVASYIMAFTLDGRFLLPETKIGSVKYEGIEFI
Enzyme 10 Number of Residues 401
Enzyme 10 Molecular Weight 44840
Enzyme 10 Theoretical pI 5.98
Enzyme 10 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 10 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 10 Specific Function Calcium-dependent nucleotidase with a preference for UDP. The order of activity with different substrates is UDP > GDP > UTP > GTP. Has very low activity towards ADP and even lower activity towards ATP. Does not hydrolyze AMP and GMP
Enzyme 10 Pathways
Enzyme 10 Reactions
  • A nucleoside diphosphate + H2O = a nucleotide + phosphate
Enzyme 10 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 10 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 10 Transmembrane Regions
  • 45-62
Enzyme 10 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 10 GenBank ID Protein 22218108 Link Image
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q8WVQ1 Link Image
Enzyme 10 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CANT1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 10 PDB ID 1S1D Link Image
Enzyme 10 PDB File Show
Enzyme 10 3D Structure
Enzyme 10 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 10 Gene Sequence >1116 bp 
ATGACCAAGGCCGCGGACCCCCGCTTCCGCCCCCGCTGGAAGGTGATCCTGACGTTCTTT
GTGGGTGCTGCCATCCTCTGGCTGCTCTGCTCCCACCGCCCGGCCCCCGGCAGGCCCCCC
ACCCACAATGCACACAACTGGAGGCTCGGCCAGGCGCCCGCCAACTGGTACAATGACACC
TACCCCCTGTCTCCCCCACAAAGGACACCGGCTGGGATTCGGTATCGAATCGCAGTTATC
GCAGACCTGGACACAGAGTCAAGGGCCCAAGAGGAAAACACCTGGTTCAGTTACCTGAAA
AAGGGCTACCTGACCCTGTCAGACAGTGGGGACAAGGTGGCCGTGGAATGGGACAAAGAC
CATGGGGTCCTGGAGTCCCACCTGGCGGAGAAGGGGAGAGGCATGGAGCTATCCGACCTG
ATTGTTTTCAATGGGAAACTCTACTCCGTGGATGACCGGACGGGGGTCGTCTACCAGATC
GAAGGCAGCAAAGCCGTGCCCTGGGTGATTCTGTCCGACGGCGACGGCACCGTGGAGAAA
GGCTTCAAGGCCGAATGGCTGGCAGTGAAGGACGAGCGTCTGTACGTGGGCGGCCTGGGC
AAGGAGTGGACGACCACTACGGGTGATGTGGTGAACGAGAACCCGGAGTGGGTGAAGGTG
GTGGGCTACAAGGGCAGCGTGGACCACGAGAACTGGGTGTCCAACTACAACGCCCTGCGG
GCTGCTGCCGGCATCCAGCCGCCAGGCTACCTCATCCATGAGTCTGCCTGCTGGAGTGAC
ACGCTGCAGCGCTGGTTCTTCCTGCCGCGCCGCGCCAGCCAGGAGCGCTACAGCGAGAAG
GACGACGAGCGCAAGGGCGCCAACCTGCTGCTGAGCGCCTCCCCTGACTTCGGCGACATC
GCTGTGAGCCACGTCGGGGCGGTGGTCCCCACTCACGGCTTCTCGTCCTTCAAGTTCATC
CCCAACACCGACGACCAGATCATTGTGGCCCTCAAATCCGAGGAGGACAGCGGCAGAGTC
GCCTCCTACATCATGGCCTTCACGCTGGACGGGCGCTTCCTGTTGCCGGAGACCAAGATC
GGAAGCGTGAAATACGAAGGCATCGAGTTCATTTAA
Enzyme 10 GenBank Gene ID AF328554 Link Image
Enzyme 10 GeneCard ID CANT1 Link Image
Enzyme 10 GenAtlas ID CANT1 Link Image
Enzyme 10 HGNC ID HGNC:19721 Link Image
Enzyme 10 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 10 Locus 17q25.3
Enzyme 10 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 10 General References
  1. Smith TM, Hicks-Berger CA, Kim S, Kirley TL: Cloning, expression, and characterization of a soluble calcium-activated nucleotidase, a human enzyme belonging to a new family of extracellular nucleotidases. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2002 Oct 1;406(1):105-15. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Matsuda A, Suzuki Y, Honda G, Muramatsu S, Matsuzaki O, Nagano Y, Doi T, Shimotohno K, Harada T, Nishida E, Hayashi H, Sugano S: Large-scale identification and characterization of human genes that activate NF-kappaB and MAPK signaling pathways. Oncogene. 2003 May 22;22(21):3307-18. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Failer BU, Braun N, Zimmermann H: Cloning, expression, and functional characterization of a Ca(2+)-dependent endoplasmic reticulum nucleoside diphosphatase. J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 4;277(40):36978-86. Epub 2002 Aug 6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 10 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 11 [top]
Enzyme 11 ID 5322
Enzyme 11 Name Alkaline phosphatase, placental type precursor
Enzyme 11 Synonyms
  1. PLAP-1
  2. Alkaline phosphatase Regan isozyme
Enzyme 11 Gene Name ALPP
Enzyme 11 Protein Sequence >Alkaline phosphatase, placental type precursor 
MLGPCMLLLLLLLGLRLQLSLGIIPVEEENPDFWNREAAEALGAAKKLQPAQTAAKNLII
FLGDGMGVSTVTAARILKGQKKDKLGPEIPLAMDRFPYVALSKTYNVDKHVPDSGATATA
YLCGVKGNFQTIGLSAAARFNQCNTTRGNEVISVMNRAKKAGKSVGVVTTTRVQHASPAG
TYAHTVNRNWYSDADVPASARQEGCQDIATQLISNMDIDVILGGGRKYMFRMGTPDPEYP
DDYSQGGTRLDGKNLVQEWLAKRQGARYVWNRTELMQASLDPSVTHLMGLFEPGDMKYEI
HRDSTLDPSLMEMTEAALRLLSRNPRGFFLFVEGGRIDHGHHESRAYRALTETIMFDDAI
ERAGQLTSEEDTLSLVTADHSHVFSFGGYPLRGSSIFGLAPGKARDRKAYTVLLYGNGPG
YVLKDGARPDVTESESGSPEYRQQSAVPLDEETHAGEDVAVFARGPQAHLVHGVQEQTFI
AHVMAFAACLEPYTACDLAPPAGTTDAAHPGRSVVPALLPLLAGTLLLLETATAP
Enzyme 11 Number of Residues 535
Enzyme 11 Molecular Weight 57954
Enzyme 11 Theoretical pI 6.24
Enzyme 11 GO Classification
Function
—
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 11 General Function Inorganic ion transport and metabolism
Enzyme 11 Specific Function A phosphate monoester + H(2)O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 11 Pathways
  • Folate and Pterine Biosynthesis (map00790 Link Image)
  • gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane Degradation (map00361 Link Image)
Enzyme 11 Reactions
  • A phosphate monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 11 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 11 Signals
  • 1-22
Enzyme 11 Transmembrane Regions
  • 513-529
Enzyme 11 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 11 GenBank ID Protein 178474 Link Image
Enzyme 11 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P05187 Link Image
Enzyme 11 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PPB1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 11 PDB ID 1EW2 Link Image
Enzyme 11 PDB File Show
Enzyme 11 3D Structure
Enzyme 11 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 11 Gene Sequence >1608 bp 
ATGCTGGGGCCCTGCATGCTGCTGCTGCTGCTGCTGCTGGGCCTGAGGCTACAGCTCTCC
CTGGGCATCATCCCAGTTGAGGAGGAGAACCCGGACTTCTGGAACCGCGAGGCAGCCGAG
GCCCTGGGTGCCGCCAAGAAGCTGCAGCCTGCACAGACAGCCGCCAAGAACCTCATCATC
TTCCTGGGCGATGGGATGGGGGTGTCTACGGTGACAGCTGCCAGGATCCTAAAAGGGCAG
AAGAAGGACAAACTGGGGCCTGAGATACCCCTGGCCATGGACCGCTTCCCATATGTGGCT
CTGTCCAAGACATACAATGTAGACAAACATGTGCCAGACAGTGGAGCCACAGCCACGGCC
TACCTGTGCGGGGTCAAGGGCAACTTCCAGACCATTGGCTTGAGTGCAGCCGCCCGCTTT
AACCAGTGCAACACGACACGCGGCAACGAGGTCATCTCCGTGATGAATCGGGCCAAGAAA
GCAGGGAAGTCAGTGGGAGTGGTAACCACCACACGAGTGCAGCACGCCTCGCCAGCCGGC
ACCTACGCCCACACGGTGAACCGCAACTGGTACTCGGACGCCGACGTGCCTGCCTCGGCC
CGCCAGGAGGGGTGCCAGGACATCGCTACGCAGCTCATCTCCAACATGGACATTGACGTG
ATCCTAGGTGGAGGCCGAAAGTACATGTTTCCCATGGGAACCCCAGACCCTGAGTACCCA
GATGACTACAGCCAAGGTGGGACCAGGCTGGACGGGAAGAATCTGGTGCAGGAATGGCTG
GCGAAGCGCCAGGGTGCCCGGTATGTGTGGAACCGCACTGAGCTCATGCAGGCTTCCCTG
GACCCGTCTGTGACCCATCTCATGGGTCTCTTTGAGCCTGGAGACATGAAATACGAGATC
CACCGAGACTCCACACTGGACCCCTCCCTGATGGAGATGACAGAGGCTGCCCTGCGCCTG
CTGAGCAGGAACCCCCGCGGCTTCTTCCTCTTCGTGGAGGGTGGTCGCATCGACCATGGT
CATCATGAAAGCAGGGCTTACCGGGCACTGACTGAGACGATCATGTTCGACGACGCCATT
GAGAGGGCGGGCCAGCTCACCAGCGAGGAGGACACGCTGAGCCTCGTCACTGCCGACCAC
TCCCACGTCTTCTCCTTCGGAGGCTACCCCCTGCGAGGGAGCTCCATCTTCGGGCTGGCC
CCTGGCAAGGCCCGGGACAGGAAGGCCTACACGGTCCTCCTATACGGAAACGGTCCAGGC
TATGTGCTCAAGGACGGCGCCCGGCCGGATGTTACCGAGAGCGAGAGCGGGAGCCCCGAG
TATCGGCAGCAGTCAGCAGTGCCCCTGGACGAAGAGACCCACGCAGGCGAGGACGTGGCG
GTGTTCGCGCGCGGCCCGCAGGCGCACCTGGTTCACGGCGTGCAGGAGCAGACCTTCATA
GCGCACGTCATGGCCTTCGCCGCCTGCCTGGAGCCCTACACCGCCTGCGACCTGGCGCCC
CCCGCCGGCACCACCGACGCCGCGCACCCGGGGCGGTCCGTGGTCCCCGCGTTGCTTCCT
CTGCTGGCCGGGACCCTGCTGCTGCTGGAGACGGCCACTGCTCCCTGA
Enzyme 11 GenBank Gene ID M13077 Link Image
Enzyme 11 GeneCard ID ALPP Link Image
Enzyme 11 GenAtlas ID ALPP Link Image
Enzyme 11 HGNC ID HGNC:439 Link Image
Enzyme 11 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 11 Locus 2q37
Enzyme 11 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 11 General References
  1. Knoll BJ, Rothblum KN, Longley M: Nucleotide sequence of the human placental alkaline phosphatase gene. Evolution of the 5' flanking region by deletion/substitution. J Biol Chem. 1988 Aug 25;263(24):12020-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Millan JL: Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of human placental alkaline phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 1986 Mar 5;261(7):3112-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Henthorn PS, Knoll BJ, Raducha M, Rothblum KN, Slaughter C, Weiss M, Lafferty MA, Fischer T, Harris H: Products of two common alleles at the locus for human placental alkaline phosphatase differ by seven amino acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Aug;83(15):5597-601. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Kam W, Clauser E, Kim YS, Kan YW, Rutter WJ: Cloning, sequencing, and chromosomal localization of human term placental alkaline phosphatase cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(24):8715-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ezra E, Blacher R, Udenfriend S: Purification and partial sequencing of human placental alkaline phosphatase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983 Nov 15;116(3):1076-83. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Knoll BJ, Rothblum KN, Longley M: Two gene duplication events in the evolution of the human heat-stable alkaline phosphatases. Gene. 1987;60(2-3):267-76. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Ovitt CE, Strauss AW, Alpers DH, Chou JY, Boime I: Expression of different-sized placental alkaline phosphatase mRNAs in placenta and choriocarcinoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(11):3781-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Micanovic R, Bailey CA, Brink L, Gerber L, Pan YC, Hulmes JD, Udenfriend S: Aspartic acid-484 of nascent placental alkaline phosphatase condenses with a phosphatidylinositol glycan to become the carboxyl terminus of the mature enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(5):1398-402. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Micanovic R, Gerber LD, Berger J, Kodukula K, Udenfriend S: Selectivity of the cleavage/attachment site of phosphatidylinositol-glycan-anchored membrane proteins determined by site-specific mutagenesis at Asp-484 of placental alkaline phosphatase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jan;87(1):157-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Kozlenkov A, Manes T, Hoylaerts MF, Millan JL: Function assignment to conserved residues in mammalian alkaline phosphatases. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jun 21;277(25):22992-9. Epub 2002 Apr 5. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Lowe ME: Site-specific mutations in the COOH-terminus of placental alkaline phosphatase: a single amino acid change converts a phosphatidylinositol-glycan-anchored protein to a secreted protein. J Cell Biol. 1992 Feb;116(3):799-807. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 11 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 12 [top]
Enzyme 12 ID 5325
Enzyme 12 Name Intestinal alkaline phosphatase precursor
Enzyme 12 Synonyms
  1. IAP
Enzyme 12 Gene Name ALPI
Enzyme 12 Protein Sequence >Intestinal alkaline phosphatase precursor 
MQGPWVLLLLGLRLQLSLGVIPAEEENPAFWNRQAAEALDAAKKLQPIQKVAKNLILFLG
DGLGVPTVTATRILKGQKNGKLGPETPLAMDRFPYLALSKTYNVDRQVPDSAATATAYLC
GVKANFQTIGLSAAARFNQCNTTRGNEVISVMNRAKQAGKSVGVVTTTRVQHASPAGTYA
HTVNRNWYSDADMPASARQEGCQDIATQLISNMDIDVILGGGRKYMFPMGTPDPEYPADA
SQNGIRLDGKNLVQEWLAKHQGAWYVWNRTELMQASLDQSVTHLMGLFEPGDTKYEIHRD
PTLDPSLMEMTEAALRLLSRNPRGFYLFVEGGRIDHGHHEGVAYQALTEAVMFDDAIERA
GQLTSEEDTLTLVTADHSHVFSFGGYTLRGSSIFGLAPSKAQDSKAYTSILYGNGPGYVF
NSGVRPDVNESESGSPDYQQQAAVPLSSETHGGEDVAVFARGPQAHLVHGVQEQSFVAHV
MAFAACLEPYTACDLAPPACTTDAAHPVAASLPLLAGTLLLLGASAAP
Enzyme 12 Number of Residues 528
Enzyme 12 Molecular Weight 56813
Enzyme 12 Theoretical pI 5.70
Enzyme 12 GO Classification
Function
—
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 12 General Function Inorganic ion transport and metabolism
Enzyme 12 Specific Function A phosphate monoester + H(2)O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 12 Pathways
  • Folate and Pterine Biosynthesis (map00790 Link Image)
  • gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane Degradation (map00361 Link Image)
Enzyme 12 Reactions
  • A phosphate monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 12 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 12 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 12 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 12 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 12 GenBank ID Protein 178432 Link Image
Enzyme 12 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P09923 Link Image
Enzyme 12 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PPBI_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 12 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 12 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 12 Gene Sequence >1587 bp 
ATGCAGGGGCCCTGGGTGCTGCTGCTGCTGGGCCTGAGGCTACAGCTCTCCCTGGGCGTC
ATCCCAGCTGAGGAGGAGAACCCGGCCTTCTGGAACCGCCAGGCAGCTGAGGCCCTGGAT
GCTGCCAAGAAGCTGCAGCCCATCCAGAAGGTCGCCAAGAACCTCATCCTCTTCCTGGGC
GATGGGTTGGGGGTGCCCACGGTGACAGCCACCAGGATCCTAAAGGGGCAGAAGAATGGC
AAACTGGGGCCTGAGACGCCCCTGGCCATGGACCGCTTCCCATACCTGGCTCTGTCCAAG
ACATACAATGTGGACAGACAGGTGCCAGACAGCGCAGCCACAGCCACGGCCTACCTGTGC
GGGGTCAAGGCCAACTTCCAGACCATCGGCTTGAGTGCAGCCGCCCGCTTTAACCAGTGC
AACACGACACGCGGCAATGAGGTCATCTCCGTGATGAACCGGGCCAAGCAAGCAGGAAAG
TCAGTAGGAGTGGTGACCACCACACGGGTGCAGCACGCCTCGCCAGCCGGCACCTACGCA
CACACAGTGAACCGCAACTGGTACTCAGATGCTGACATGCCTGCCTCAGCCCGCCAGGAG
GGGTGCCAGGACATCGCCACTCAGCTCATCTCCAACATGGACATTGACGTGATCCTTGGC
GGAGGCCGCAAGTACATGTTTCCCATGGGGACCCCAGACCCTGAGTACCCAGCTGATGCC
AGCCAGAATGGAATCAGGCTGGACGGGAAGAACCTGGTGCAGGAATGGCTGGCAAAGCAC
CAGGGTGCCTGGTATGTGTGGAACCGCACTGAGCTCATGCAGGCGTCCCTGGACCAGTCT
GTGACCCATCTCATGGGCCTCTTTGAGCCCGGAGACACGAAATATGAGATCCTCCGAGAC
CCCACACTGGACCCCTCCCTGATGGAGATGACAGAGGCTGCCCTGCGCCTGCTGAGCAGG
AACCCCCGCGGCTTCTACCTCTTTGTGGAGGGCGGCCGCATCGACCATGGTCATCATGAG
GGTGTGGCTTACCAGGCAGTCACTGAGGCGGTCATGTTCGACGACGCCATTGAGAGGGCG
GGCCAGCTCACCAGCGAGGAGGACACGCTGACCCTCGTCACCGCTGACCACTCCCATGTC
TTCTCCTTTGGTGGCTACACCTTGCGAGGGAGCTCCATCTTCGGGTTGGCCCCCAGCAAG
GCTCAGGACAGCAAAGCCTACACGTCCATCCTGTACGGCAATGGCCCGGGCTACGTGTTC
AACTCAGGCGTGCGACCAGACGTGAATGAGAGCGAGAGCGGGAGCCCCGATTACCAGCAG
CAGGCGGCGGTGCCCCTGTCGTCCGAGACCCACGGAGGCGAAGACGTGGCGGTGTTTGCG
CGCGGCCCGCAGGCGCACCTGGTGCATGGTGTGCAGGAGCAGAGCTTCGTAGCGCATGTC
ATGGCCTTCGCTGCCTGTCTGGAGCCCTACACGGCCTGCGACCTGGCGCTCCCCGCCTGC
ACCACCGACGCCGCGCACCCAGTTGCCGCGTCGCTGCCACTGCTGGCCGGGACCCTGCTG
CTGCTGGGGGCGTCCGCTGCTCCCTGA
Enzyme 12 GenBank Gene ID M15694 Link Image
Enzyme 12 GeneCard ID ALPI Link Image
Enzyme 12 GenAtlas ID ALPI Link Image
Enzyme 12 HGNC ID HGNC:437 Link Image
Enzyme 12 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 12 Locus 2q37.1
Enzyme 12 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 12 General References
  1. Berger J, Garattini E, Hua JC, Udenfriend S: Cloning and sequencing of human intestinal alkaline phosphatase cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Feb;84(3):695-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Henthorn PS, Raducha M, Edwards YH, Weiss MJ, Slaughter C, Lafferty MA, Harris H: Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of human intestinal alkaline phosphatase: close homology to placental alkaline phosphatase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(5):1234-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Henthorn PS, Raducha M, Kadesch T, Weiss MJ, Harris H: Sequence and characterization of the human intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene. J Biol Chem. 1988 Aug 25;263(24):12011-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Millan JL: Promoter structure of the human intestinal alkaline phosphatase gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Dec 23;15(24):10599. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Knoll BJ, Rothblum KN, Longley M: Two gene duplication events in the evolution of the human heat-stable alkaline phosphatases. Gene. 1987;60(2-3):267-76. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hua JC, Berger J, Pan YC, Hulmes JD, Udenfriend S: Partial sequencing of human adult, human fetal, and bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatases: comparison with the human placental and liver isozymes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Apr;83(8):2368-72. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 12 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 13 [top]
Enzyme 13 ID 5326
Enzyme 13 Name Lysosomal acid phosphatase precursor
Enzyme 13 Synonyms
  1. LAP
Enzyme 13 Gene Name ACP2
Enzyme 13 Protein Sequence >Lysosomal acid phosphatase precursor 
MAGKRSGWSRAALLQLLLGVNLVVMPPTRARSLRFVTLLYRHGDRSPVKTYPKDPYQEEE
WPQGFGQLTKEGMLQHWELGQALRQRYHGFLNTSYHRQEVYVRSTDFDRTLMSAEANLAG
LFPPNGMQRFNPNISWQPIPVHTVPITEDRLLKFPLGPCPRYEQLQNETRQTPEYQNESS
RNAQFLDMVANETGLTDLTLETVWNVYDTLFCEQTHGLRLPPWASPQTMQRLSRLKDFSF
RFLFGIYQQAEKARLQGGVLLAQIRKNLTLMATTSQLPKLLVYSAHDTTLVALQMALDVY
NGEQAPYASCHIFELYQEDSGNFSVEMYFRNESDKAPWPLSLPGCPHRCPLQDFLRLTEP
VVPKDWQQECQLASGPADTEVIVALAVCGSILFLLIVLLLTVLFRMQAQPPGYRHVADGE
DHA
Enzyme 13 Number of Residues 423
Enzyme 13 Molecular Weight 48345
Enzyme 13 Theoretical pI 6.73
Enzyme 13 GO Classification
Function
  • acid phosphatase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
  • phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 13 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 13 Specific Function A phosphate monoester + H(2)O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 13 Pathways
Enzyme 13 Reactions
  • A phosphate monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 13 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 13 Signals
  • 1-30
Enzyme 13 Transmembrane Regions
  • 382-404
Enzyme 13 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 13 GenBank ID Protein 34263 Link Image
Enzyme 13 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P11117 Link Image
Enzyme 13 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PPAL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 13 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 13 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 13 Gene Sequence >1272 bp 
ATGGCGGGCAAGCGGTCCGGCTGGAGCCGGGCGGCTCTCCTCCAGCTCCTTCTCGGCGTG
AACCTGGTGGTGATGCCGCCCACCCGGGCCCGGAGTCTGCGCTTCGTTACCTTGCTGTAC
CGCCATGGAGACCGTTCACCAGTGAAGACATATCCCAAGGACCCCTATCAGGAAGAAGAA
TGGCCCCAGGGGTTTGGTCAGTTAACCAAGGAGGGGATGCTACAGCACTGGGAACTGGGC
CAGGCCCTGCGGCAGCGCTATCACGGCTTCCTAAACACCTCTTATCACCGGCAAGAGGTT
TATGTGCGAAGCACAGACTTTGACCGGACTCTCATGAGTGCTGAGGCCAACCTGGCTGGA
CTCTTCCCTCCCAACGGGATGCAGCGCTTCAACCCGAACATCTCGTGGCAGCCTATTCCT
GTGCACACTGTGCCCATCACTGAGGACAGGCTGCTGAAGTTCCCGTTGGGCCCATGTCCC
CGTTATGAGCAGCTGCAGAACGAGACCCGGCAGACACCAGAGTATCAGAATGAGAGTTCT
CGGAATGCACAATTTCTGGACATGGTGGCCAACGAGACAGGGCTTACAGACCTGACACTG
GAGACCGTCTGGAATGTCTATGACACACTCTTCTGTGAGCAAACGCACGGGCTGCGCCTG
CCGCCCTGGGCCTCACCCCAAACCATGCAGCGTCTCAGCCGGCTAAAGGACTTCAGCTTC
CGCTTCCTCTTCGGAATCTACCAGCAGGCGGAGAAGGCCCGGCTTCAGGGGGGAGTCCTG
CTGGCTCAGATAAGGAAGAACCTGACCCTAATGGCGACCACCTCCCAGCTCCCCAAGCTG
CTGGTTTACTCTGCGCACGACACTACCCTGGTTGCCCTGCAAATGGCACTGGATGTCTAC
AATGGTGAACAAGCCCCCTACGCCTCCTGCCACATATTTGAACTGTACCAGGAAGATTCT
GGGAATTTCTCAGTGGAGATGTACTTTCGGAACGAGAGTGACAAGGCCCCCTGGCCGCTC
AGCCTGCCTGGCTGCCCTCACCGCTGCCCACTGCAGGACTTCCTTCGCCTCACAGAGCCC
GTCGTGCCCAAGGATTGGCAGCAGGAGTGCCAGCTGGCAAGCGGTCCTGCAGACACAGAG
GTGATTGTGGCCTTGGCTGTATGTGGCTCCATCCTCTTCCTCCTCATAGTGCTGCTCCTC
ACCGTCCTCTTCCGGATGCAGGCCCAGCCTCCTGGCTACCGCCACGTCGCAGATGGGGAG
GACCACGCCTGA
Enzyme 13 GenBank Gene ID X12548 Link Image
Enzyme 13 GeneCard ID ACP2 Link Image
Enzyme 13 GenAtlas ID ACP2 Link Image
Enzyme 13 HGNC ID HGNC:123 Link Image
Enzyme 13 Chromosome Location 11
Enzyme 13 Locus 11p11.2-p11.11|11p12-p11
Enzyme 13 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 13 General References
  1. Pohlmann R, Krentler C, Schmidt B, Schroder W, Lorkowski G, Culley J, Mersmann G, Geier C, Waheed A, Gottschalk S, et al.: Human lysosomal acid phosphatase: cloning, expression and chromosomal assignment. EMBO J. 1988 Aug;7(8):2343-50. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Geier C, von Figura K, Pohlmann R: Structure of the human lysosomal acid phosphatase gene. Eur J Biochem. 1989 Aug 15;183(3):611-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Nadler HL, Egan TJ: Deficiency of lysosomal acid phosphatase. A new familial metabolic disorder. N Engl J Med. 1970 Feb 5;282(6):302-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 13 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 14 [top]
Enzyme 14 ID 5327
Enzyme 14 Name Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase
Enzyme 14 Synonyms
  1. LMW-PTPase
  2. LMW-PTP
  3. Low molecular weight cytosolic acid phosphatase
  4. Red cell acid phosphatase 1
  5. Adipocyte acid phosphatase
Enzyme 14 Gene Name ACP1
Enzyme 14 Protein Sequence >Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase 
MAEQATKSVLFVCLGNICRSPIAEAVFRKLVTDQNISENWRVDSAATSGYEIGNPPDYRG
QSCMKRHGIPMSHVARQITKEDFATFDYILCMDESNLRDLNRKSNQVKTCKAKIELLGSY
DPQKQLIIEDPYYGNDSDFETVYQQCVRCCRAFLEKAH
Enzyme 14 Number of Residues 158
Enzyme 14 Molecular Weight 18043
Enzyme 14 Theoretical pI 6.73
Enzyme 14 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activity
  • phosphoprotein phosphatase activity
  • phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
  • phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity
  • protein tyrosine phosphatase activity
Process
  • biopolymer metabolism
  • biopolymer modification
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
  • protein amino acid dephosphorylation
  • protein modification
Component
—
Enzyme 14 General Function Signal transduction mechanisms
Enzyme 14 Specific Function Acts on tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, low-MW aryl phosphates and natural and synthetic acyl phosphates. Isoform 3 does not possess phosphatase activity
Enzyme 14 Pathways
Enzyme 14 Reactions
  • protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate
Enzyme 14 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 14 Signals
  • 1-25
Enzyme 14 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 14 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 14 GenBank ID Protein 179636 Link Image
Enzyme 14 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P24666 Link Image
Enzyme 14 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PPAC_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 14 PDB ID 5PNT Link Image
Enzyme 14 PDB File Show
Enzyme 14 3D Structure
Enzyme 14 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 14 Gene Sequence >477 bp 
ATGGCGGAACAGGCTACCAAGTCCGTGCTGTTTGTGTGTCTGGGTAACATTTGTCGATCA
CCCATTGCAGAAGCAGTTTTCAGGAAACTTGTAACCGATCAAAACATCTCAGAGAATTGG
AGGGTAGACAGCGCGGCAACTTCCGGGTATGAGATAGGGAACCCCCCTGACTACCGAGGG
CAGAGCTGCATGAAGAGGCACGGCATTCCCATGAGCCACGTTGCCCGGCAGATTACCAAA
GAAGATTTTGCCACATTTGATTATATACTATGTATGGATGAAAGCAATCTGAGAGATTTG
AATAGAAAAAGTAATCAAGTTAAAACCTGCAAAGCTAAAATTGAACTACTTGGGAGCTAT
GATCCACAAAAACAACTTATTATTGAAGATCCCTATTATGGGAATGACTCTGACTTTGAG
ACGGTGTACCAGCAGTGTGTCAGGTGCTGCAGAGCGTTCTTGGAGAAGGCCCACTGA
Enzyme 14 GenBank Gene ID M83653 Link Image
Enzyme 14 GeneCard ID ACP1 Link Image
Enzyme 14 GenAtlas ID ACP1 Link Image
Enzyme 14 HGNC ID HGNC:122 Link Image
Enzyme 14 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 14 Locus 2p25
Enzyme 14 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 14 General References
  1. Dissing J, Johnsen AH, Sensabaugh GF: Human red cell acid phosphatase (ACP1). The amino acid sequence of the two isozymes Bf and Bs encoded by the ACP1*B allele. J Biol Chem. 1991 Nov 5;266(31):20619-25. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Dissing J, Johnsen AH: Human red cell acid phosphatase (ACP1): the primary structure of the two pairs of isozymes encoded by the ACP1*A and ACP1*C alleles. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Jun 24;1121(3):261-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Wo YY, McCormack AL, Shabanowitz J, Hunt DF, Davis JP, Mitchell GL, Van Etten RL: Sequencing, cloning, and expression of human red cell-type acid phosphatase, a cytoplasmic phosphotyrosyl protein phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 1992 May 25;267(15):10856-65. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Bryson GL, Massa H, Trask BJ, Van Etten RL: Gene structure, sequence, and chromosomal localization of the human red cell-type low-molecular-weight acid phosphotyrosyl phosphatase gene, ACP1. Genomics. 1995 Nov 20;30(2):133-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Shekels LL, Smith AJ, Van Etten RL, Bernlohr DA: Identification of the adipocyte acid phosphatase as a PAO-sensitive tyrosyl phosphatase. Protein Sci. 1992 Jun;1(6):710-21. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Sensabaugh GF, Lazaruk KA: A TaqI site identifies the *A allele at the ACP1 locus. Hum Mol Genet. 1993 Jul;2(7):1079. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Nicolas G, Fournier CM, Galand C, Malbert-Colas L, Bournier O, Kroviarski Y, Bourgeois M, Camonis JH, Dhermy D, Grandchamp B, Lecomte MC: Tyrosine phosphorylation regulates alpha II spectrin cleavage by calpain. Mol Cell Biol. 2002 May;22(10):3527-36. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Zhang M, Stauffacher CV, Lin D, Van Etten RL: Crystal structure of a human low molecular weight phosphotyrosyl phosphatase. Implications for substrate specificity. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):21714-20. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 14 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 15 [top]
Enzyme 15 ID 5328
Enzyme 15 Name Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme precursor
Enzyme 15 Synonyms
  1. AP-TNAP
  2. TNSALP
  3. Alkaline phosphatase liver/bone/kidney isozyme
Enzyme 15 Gene Name ALPL
Enzyme 15 Protein Sequence >Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme precursor 
MISPFLVLAIGTCLTNSLVPEKEKDPKYWRDQAQETLKYALELQKLNTNVAKNVIMFLGD
GMGVSTVTAARILKGQLHHNPGEETRLEMDKFPFVALSKTYNTNAQVPDSAGTATAYLCG
VKANEGTVGVSAATERSRCNTTQGNEVTSILRWAKDAGKSVGIVTTTRVNHATPSAAYAH
SADRDWYSDNEMPPEALSQGCKDIAYQLMHNIRDIDVIMGGGRKYMYPKNKTDVEYESDE
KARGTRLDGLDLVDTWKSFKPRYKHSHFIWNRTELLTLDPHNVDYLLGLFEPGDMQYELN
RNNVTDPSLSEMVVVAIQILRKNPKGFFLLVEGGRIDHGHHEGKAKQALHEAVEMDRAIG
QAGSLTSSEDTLTVVTADHSHVFTFGGYTPRGNSIFGLAPMLSDTDKKPFTAILYGNGPG
YKVVGGERENVSMVDYAHNNYQAQSAVPLRHETHGGEDVAVFSKGPMAHLLHGVHEQNYV
PHVMAYAACIGANLGHCAPASSAGSLAAGPLLLALALYPLSVLF
Enzyme 15 Number of Residues 524
Enzyme 15 Molecular Weight 57305
Enzyme 15 Theoretical pI 6.66
Enzyme 15 GO Classification
Function
—
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 15 General Function Inorganic ion transport and metabolism
Enzyme 15 Specific Function This isozyme may play a role in skeletal mineralization
Enzyme 15 Pathways
  • Folate and Pterine Biosynthesis (map00790 Link Image)
  • gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane Degradation (map00361 Link Image)
Enzyme 15 Reactions
  • A phosphate monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 15 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 15 Signals
  • 1-17
Enzyme 15 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 15 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 15 GenBank ID Protein 28738 Link Image
Enzyme 15 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P05186 Link Image
Enzyme 15 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PPBT_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 15 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 15 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 15 Gene Sequence >1575 bp 
ATGATTTCACCATTCTTAGTACTGGCCATTGGCACCTGCCTTACTAACTCCTTAGTGCCA
GAGAAAGAGAAAGACCCCAAGTACTGGCGAGACCAAGCGCAAGAGACACTGAAATATGCC
CTGGAGCTTCAGAAGCTCAACACCAACGTGGCTAAGAATGTCATCATGTTCCTGGGAGAT
GGGATGGGTGTCTCCACAGTGACGGCTGCCCGCATCCTCAAGGGTCAGCTCCACCACAAC
CCTGGGGAGGAGACCAGGCTGGAGATGGACAAGTTCCCCTTCGTGGCCCTCTCCAAGACG
TACAACACCAAAGCCCAGGTCCCTGACAGCGCCGGCACCGCCACCGCCTACCTGTGTGGG
GTGAAGGCCAATGAGGGCACCGTGGGGGTAAGCGCAGCCACTGAGCGTTCCCGGTGCAAC
ACCACCCAGGGGAACGAGGTCACCTCCATCCTGCGCTGGGCCAAGGACGCTGGGAAATCT
GTGGGCATTGTGACCACCACGAGAGTGAACCATGCCACCCCCAGCGCCGCCTACGCCCAC
TCGGCTGACCGGGACTGGTACTCAGACAACGAGATGCCCCCTGAGGCCTTGAGCCAGGGC
TGTAAGGACATCGCCTACCAGCTCATGCATAACATCAGGGACATTGACGTGATCATGGGG
GGTGGCCGGAAATACATGTACCCCAAGAATAAAACTGATGTGGAGTATGAGAGTGACGAG
AAAGCCAGGGGCACGAGGCTGGACGGCCTGGACCTCGTTGACACCTGGAAGAGCTTCAAA
CCGAGACACAAGCACTCCCACTTCATCTGGAACCGCACGGAACTCCTGACCCTTGACCCC
CACAATGTGGACTACCTATTGGGTCTCTTCGAGCCGGGGGACATGCAGTACGAGCTGAAC
AGGAACAACGTGACGGACCCGTCACTCTCCGAGATGGTGGTGGTGGCCATCCAGATCCTG
CGGAAGAACCCCAAAGGCTTCTTCTTGCTGGTGGAAGGAGGCAGAATTGACCACGGGCAC
CATGAAGGAAAAGCCAAGCAGGCCCTGCATGAGGCGGTGGAGATGGACCGGGCCATCGGG
CAGGCAGGCAGCTTGACCTCCTCGGAAGACACTCTGACCGTGGTCACTGCGGACCATTCC
CACGTCTTCACATTTGGTGGATACACCCCCCGTGGCAACTCTATCTTTGGTCTGGCCCCC
ATGCTGAGTGACACAGACAAGAAGCCCTTCACTGCCATCCTGTATGGCAATGGGCCTGGC
TACAAGGTGGTGGGCGGTGAACGAGAGAATGTCTCCATGGTGGACTATGCTCACAACAAC
TACCAGGCGCAGTCTGCTGTGCCCCTGCGCCACGAGACCCACGGCGGGGAGGACGTGGCC
GTCTTCTCCAAGGGCCCCATGGCGCACCTGCTGCACGGCGTCCACGAGCAGAACTACGTC
CCCCACGTGATGGCGTATGCAGCCTGCATCGGGGCCAACCTCGGCCACTGTGCTCCTGCC
AGCTCGGCAGGCAGCCTTGCTGCAGGCCCCCTGCTGCTCGCGCTGGCCCTCTACCCCCTG
AGCGTCCTGTTCTGA
Enzyme 15 GenBank Gene ID X14174 Link Image
Enzyme 15 GeneCard ID ALPL Link Image
Enzyme 15 GenAtlas ID ALPL Link Image
Enzyme 15 HGNC ID HGNC:438 Link Image
Enzyme 15 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 15 Locus 1p36.1-p34
Enzyme 15 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 15 General References
  1. Kishi F, Matsuura S, Kajii T: Nucleotide sequence of the human liver-type alkaline phosphatase cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Mar 11;17(5):2129. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Weiss MJ, Henthorn PS, Lafferty MA, Slaughter C, Raducha M, Harris H: Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding a human liver/bone/kidney-type alkaline phosphatase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Oct;83(19):7182-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Weiss MJ, Ray K, Henthorn PS, Lamb B, Kadesch T, Harris H: Structure of the human liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase gene. J Biol Chem. 1988 Aug 25;263(24):12002-10. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Garattini E, Hua JC, Pan YC, Udenfriend S: Human liver alkaline phosphatase, purification and partial sequencing: homology with the placental isozyme. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1986 Mar;245(2):331-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Weiss MJ, Cole DE, Ray K, Whyte MP, Lafferty MA, Mulivor RA, Harris H: A missense mutation in the human liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase gene causing a lethal form of hypophosphatasia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(20):7666-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Henthorn PS, Raducha M, Fedde KN, Lafferty MA, Whyte MP: Different missense mutations at the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene locus in autosomal recessively inherited forms of mild and severe hypophosphatasia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Oct 15;89(20):9924-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Greenberg CR, Taylor CL, Haworth JC, Seargeant LE, Philipps S, Triggs-Raine B, Chodirker BN: A homoallelic Gly317-->Asp mutation in ALPL causes the perinatal (lethal) form of hypophosphatasia in Canadian mennonites. Genomics. 1993 Jul;17(1):215-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Ozono K, Yamagata M, Michigami T, Nakajima S, Sakai N, Cai G, Satomura K, Yasui N, Okada S, Nakayama M: Identification of novel missense mutations (Phe310Leu and Gly439Arg) in a neonatal case of hypophosphatasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Dec;81(12):4458-61. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Goseki-Sone M, Orimo H, Iimura T, Takagi Y, Watanabe H, Taketa K, Sato S, Mayanagi H, Shimada T, Oida S: Hypophosphatasia: identification of five novel missense mutations (G507A, G705A, A748G, T1155C, G1320A) in the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene among Japanese patients. Hum Mutat. 1998;Suppl 1:S263-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Sugimoto N, Iwamoto S, Hoshino Y, Kajii E: A novel missense mutation of the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene detected in a patient with hypophosphatasia. J Hum Genet. 1998;43(3):160-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Zurutuza L, Muller F, Gibrat JF, Taillandier A, Simon-Bouy B, Serre JL, Mornet E: Correlations of genotype and phenotype in hypophosphatasia. Hum Mol Genet. 1999 Jun;8(6):1039-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Taillandier A, Zurutuza L, Muller F, Simon-Bouy B, Serre JL, Bird L, Brenner R, Boute O, Cousin J, Gaillard D, Heidemann PH, Steinmann B, Wallot M, Mornet E: Characterization of eleven novel mutations (M45L, R119H, 544delG, G145V, H154Y, C184Y, D289V, 862+5A, 1172delC, R411X, E459K) in the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) gene in patients with severe hypophosphatasia. Mutations in brief no. 217. Online. Hum Mutat. 1999;13(2):171-2. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Mochizuki H, Saito M, Michigami T, Ohashi H, Koda N, Yamaguchi S, Ozono K: Severe hypercalcaemia and respiratory insufficiency associated with infantile hypophosphatasia caused by two novel mutations of the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene. Eur J Pediatr. 2000 May;159(5):375-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Taillandier A, Cozien E, Muller F, Merrien Y, Bonnin E, Fribourg C, Simon-Bouy B, Serre JL, Bieth E, Brenner R, Cordier MP, De Bie S, Fellmann F, Freisinger P, Hesse V, Hennekam RC, Josifova D, Kerzin-Storrar L, Leporrier N, Zabot MT, Mornet E: Fifteen new mutations (-195C>T, L-12X, 298-2A>G, T117N, A159T, R229S, 997+2T>A, E274X, A331T, H364R, D389G, 1256delC, R433H, N461I, C472S) in the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) gene in patients with hypophosphatasia. Hum Mutat. 2000 Mar;15(3):293. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Muller HL, Yamazaki M, Michigami T, Kageyama T, Schonau E, Schneider P, Ozono K: Asp361Val Mutant of alkaline phosphatase found in patients with dominantly inherited hypophosphatasia inhibits the activity of the wild-type enzyme. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Feb;85(2):743-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Lia-Baldini AS, Muller F, Taillandier A, Gibrat JF, Mouchard M, Robin B, Simon-Bouy B, Serre JL, Aylsworth AS, Bieth E, Delanote S, Freisinger P, Hu JC, Krohn HP, Nunes ME, Mornet E: A molecular approach to dominance in hypophosphatasia. Hum Genet. 2001 Jul;109(1):99-108. [PubMed Link Image]
  17. Taillandier A, Lia-Baldini AS, Mouchard M, Robin B, Muller F, Simon-Bouy B, Serre JL, Bera-Louville A, Bonduelle M, Eckhardt J, Gaillard D, Myhre AG, Kortge-Jung S, Larget-Piet L, Malou E, Sillence D, Temple IK, Viot G, Mornet E: Twelve novel mutations in the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene (ALPL) in patients with various forms of hypophosphatasia. Hum Mutat. 2001;18(1):83-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  18. Watanabe H, Hashimoto-Uoshima M, Goseki-Sone M, Orimo H, Ishikawa I: A novel point mutation (C571T) in the tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase gene in a case of adult-type hypophosphatasia. Oral Dis. 2001 Nov;7(6):331-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  19. Litmanovitz, Reish O, Dolfin T, Arnon S, Regev R, Grinshpan G, Yamazaki M, Ozono K: Glu274Lys/Gly309Arg mutation of the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene in neonatal hypophosphatasia associated with convulsions. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2002 Feb;25(1):35-40. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 15 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 16 [top]
Enzyme 16 ID 5329
Enzyme 16 Name Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 precursor
Enzyme 16 Synonyms
  1. TR- AP
  2. Tartrate-resistant acid ATPase
  3. TrATPase
  4. Acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant
Enzyme 16 Gene Name ACP5
Enzyme 16 Protein Sequence >Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 precursor 
MDMWTALLILQALLLPSLADGATPALRFVAVGDWGGVPNAPFHTAREMANAKEIARTVQI
LGADFILSLGDNFYFTGVQDINDKRFQETFEDVFSDRSLRKVPWYVLAGNHDHLGNVSAQ
IAYSKISKRWNFPSPFYRLHFKIPQTNVSVAIFMLDTVTLCGNSDDFLSQQPERPRDVKL
ARTQLSWLKKQLAAAREDYVLVAGHYPVWSIAEHGPTHCLVKQLRPLLATYGVTAYLCGH
DHNLQYLQDENGVGYVLSGAGNFMDPSKRHQRKVPNGYLRFHYGTEDSLGGFAYVEISSK
EMTVTYIEASGKSLFKTRLPRRARP
Enzyme 16 Number of Residues 325
Enzyme 16 Molecular Weight 36599
Enzyme 16 Theoretical pI 8.95
Enzyme 16 GO Classification
Function
  • acid phosphatase activity
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
  • phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 16 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 16 Specific Function A phosphate monoester + H(2)O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 16 Pathways
Enzyme 16 Reactions
  • A phosphate monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 16 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 16 Signals
  • 1-21
Enzyme 16 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 16 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 16 GenBank ID Protein 178006 Link Image
Enzyme 16 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P13686 Link Image
Enzyme 16 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PPA5_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 16 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 16 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 16 Gene Sequence >972 bp 
ATGGACATGTGGACGGCGCTGCTCATCCTGCAAGCCTTGTTGCTACCCTCCCTGGCTGAT
GGTGCCACCCCTGCCCTGCGCTTTGTAGCCGTGGGTGACTGGGGAGGGGTCCCCAATGCC
CCATTCCACACGGGCCCGGAAATGGCCAATGCCAAGGAGATCGCTCGGACTGTGCAGATC
CTGGGTGCAGACTTCATCCTGTCTCTAGGGGACAATTTTTACTTCACTGGTGTGCAAGAC
ATCAATGACAAGAGGTTCCAGGAGACCTTTGAGGACGTATTCTCTGACCGCTCCCTTCGC
AAAGTGCCCTGGTACGTGCTAGCCGGAAACCATGACCACCTTGGCAATGTCTCTGCCCAG
ATTGCATACTCTAAGATCTCCAAGCGCTGGAACTTCCCCAGCCCTTTCTACCGCCTGCAC
TTCAAGATCCCACAGACCAATGTGTCTGTGGCCATTTTTATGCTGGACACAGTGACACTA
TGTGGCAACTCAGATGACTTCCTCAGCCAGCAGCCTGAGAGGCCCCGACTAACTGCCCGC
ACACAGCTGTCCTGGCTCAAGAAACAGCTGGCGGCGGCCAGGGAGGACTACGTGCTGGTG
GCTGGCCACTACCCCGTGTGGTCCATAGCCGAGCACGGGCCTACCCACTGCCTGGTCAAG
CAGCTACGGCCACTGCTGGCCACATACGGGGTCACTGCCTACCTGTGCGGCCACGATCAC
AATCTGCAGTACCTGCAAGATGAGAATGGCGTGGGCTACGTGCTGAGTGGGGCTGGGAAT
TTCATGGACCCCTCAAAGCGGCACCAGCGCAAGGTCCCCAACGGCTATCTGCGCTTCCAC
TATGGGACTGAAGACTCACTGGGTGGCTTTGCCTATGTGGAGATCAGCTCCAAAGAGATG
ACTGTCACTTACATCGAGGCCTCGGGCAAGTCCCTCTTTAAGACCAGGCTGCCGAGGCGA
GCCAGGCCCTGA
Enzyme 16 GenBank Gene ID J04430 Link Image
Enzyme 16 GeneCard ID ACP5 Link Image
Enzyme 16 GenAtlas ID ACP5 Link Image
Enzyme 16 HGNC ID HGNC:124 Link Image
Enzyme 16 Chromosome Location 19
Enzyme 16 Locus 19p13.3-p13.2
Enzyme 16 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 16 General References
  1. Ketcham CM, Roberts RM, Simmen RC, Nick HS: Molecular cloning of the type 5, iron-containing, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase from human placenta. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jan 5;264(1):557-63. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Lord DK, Cross NC, Bevilacqua MA, Rider SH, Gorman PA, Groves AV, Moss DW, Sheer D, Cox TM: Type 5 acid phosphatase. Sequence, expression and chromosomal localization of a differentiation-associated protein of the human macrophage. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Apr 30;189(2):287-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Cassady AI, King AG, Cross NC, Hume DA: Isolation and characterization of the genes encoding mouse and human type-5 acid phosphatase. Gene. 1993 Aug 25;130(2):201-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Stepan JJ, Lau KH, Mohan S, Kraenzlin M, Baylink DJ: Purification and N-terminal sequence of two tartrate-resistant acid phosphatases type-5 from the hairy cell leukemia spleen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Dec 29;165(3):1027-34. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Stepan JJ, Lau KH, Mohan S, Singer FR, Baylink DJ: Purification and N-terminal amino acid sequence of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase from human osteoclastoma: evidence for a single structure. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990 Apr 30;168(2):792-800. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Hayman AR, Warburton MJ, Pringle JA, Coles B, Chambers TJ: Purification and characterization of a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase from human osteoclastomas. Biochem J. 1989 Jul 15;261(2):601-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Hayman AR, Dryden AJ, Chambers TJ, Warburton MJ: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase from human osteoclastomas is translated as a single polypeptide. Biochem J. 1991 Aug 1;277 ( Pt 3):631-4. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 16 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 17 [top]
Enzyme 17 ID 5330
Enzyme 17 Name Prostatic acid phosphatase precursor
Enzyme 17 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 17 Gene Name ACPP
Enzyme 17 Protein Sequence >Prostatic acid phosphatase precursor 
MRAAPLLLARAASLSLGFLFLLFFWLDRSVLAKELKFVTLVFRHGDRSPIDTFPTDPIKE
SSWPQGFGQLTQLGMEQHYELGEYIRKRYRKFLNESYKHEQVYIRSTDVDRTLMSAMTNL
AALFPPEGVSIWNPILLWQPIPVHTVPLSEDQLLYLPFRNCPRFQELESETLKSEEFQKR
LHPYKDFIATLGKLSGLHGQDLFGIWSKVYDPLYCESVHNFTLPSWATEDTMTKLRELSE
LSLLSLYGIHKQKEKSRLQGGVLVNEILNHMKRATQIPSYKKLIMYSAHDTTVSGLQMAL
DVYNGLLPPYASCHLTELYFEKGEYFVEMYYRNETQHEPYPLMLPGCSPSCPLERFAELV
GPVIPQDWSTECMTTNSHQGTEDSTD
Enzyme 17 Number of Residues 386
Enzyme 17 Molecular Weight 44567
Enzyme 17 Theoretical pI 6.19
Enzyme 17 GO Classification
Function
  • acid phosphatase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
  • phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 17 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 17 Specific Function A phosphate monoester + H(2)O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 17 Pathways
Enzyme 17 Reactions
  • A phosphate monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 17 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 17 Signals
  • 1-32
Enzyme 17 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 17 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 17 GenBank ID Protein 189613 Link Image
Enzyme 17 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P15309 Link Image
Enzyme 17 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PPAP_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 17 PDB ID 1ND6 Link Image
Enzyme 17 PDB File Show
Enzyme 17 3D Structure
Enzyme 17 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 17 Gene Sequence >1161 bp 
ATGAGAGCTGCACCCCTCCTCCTGGCCAGGGCAGCAAGCCTTAGCCTTGGCTTCTTGTTT
CTGCTTTTTTTCTGGCTAGACCGAAGTGTACTAGCCAAGGAGTTGAAGTTTGTGACTTTG
GTGTTTCGGCATGGAGACCGAAGTCCCATTGACACCTTTCCCACTGACCCCATAAAGGAA
TCCTCATGGCCACAAGGATTTGGCCAACTCACCCAGCTGGGCATGGAGCAGCATTATGAA
CTTGGAGAGTATATAAGAAAGAGATATAGAAAATTCTTGAATGAGTCCTATAAACATGAA
CAGGTTTATATTCGAAGCACAGACGTTGACCGGACTTTGATGAGTGCTATGACAAACCTG
GCAGCCCTGTTTCCCCCAGAAGGTGTCAGCATCTGGAATCCTATCCTACTCTGGCAGCCC
ATCCCGGTGCACACAGTTCCTCTTTCTGAAGATCAGTTGCTATACCTGCCTTTCAGGAAC
TGCCCTCGTTTTCAAGAACTTGAGAGTGAGACTTTGAAATCAGAGGAATTCCAGAAGAGG
CTGCACCCTTATAAGGATTTTATAGCTACCTTGGGAAAACTTTCAGGATTACATGGCCAG
GACCTTTTTGGAATTTGGAGTAAAGTCTACGACCCTTTATATTGTGAGAGTGTTCACAAT
TTCACTTTACCCTCCTGGGCCACTGAGGACACCATGACTAAGTTGAGAGAATTGTCAGAA
TTGTCCCTCCTGTCCCTCTATGGAATTCACAAGCAGAAAGAGAAATCTAGGCTCCAAGGG
GGTGTCCTGGTCAATGAAATCCTCAATCACATGAAGAGAGCAACTCAGATACCAAGCTAC
AAAAAACTTATCATGTATTCTGCGCATGACACTACTGTGAGTGGCCTACAGATGGCGCTA
GATGTTTACAACGGACTCCTTCCTCCCTATGCTTCTTGCCACTTGACGGAATTGTACTTT
GAGAAGGGGGAGTACTTTGTGGAGATGTACTACCGGAATGAGACGCAGCACGAGCCGTAT
CCCCTCATGCTACCTGGCTGCAGCCCCAGCTGTCCTCTGGAGAGGTTTGCTGAGCTGGTT
GGCCCTGTGATCCCTCAAGACTGGTCCACGGAGTGTATGACCACAAACAGCCATCAAGGT
ACTGAGGACAGTACAGATTAG
Enzyme 17 GenBank Gene ID M97589 Link Image
Enzyme 17 GeneCard ID ACPP Link Image
Enzyme 17 GenAtlas ID ACPP Link Image
Enzyme 17 HGNC ID HGNC:125 Link Image
Enzyme 17 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 17 Locus 3q21-q23
Enzyme 17 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 17 General References
  1. Sharief FS, Li SS: Structure of human prostatic acid phosphatase gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 May 15;184(3):1468-76. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Van Etten RL, Davidson R, Stevis PE, MacArthur H, Moore DL: Covalent structure, disulfide bonding, and identification of reactive surface and active site residues of human prostatic acid phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 1991 Feb 5;266(4):2313-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Sharief FS, Lee H, Leuderman MM, Lundwall A, Deaven LL, Lee CL, Li SS: Human prostatic acid phosphatase: cDNA cloning, gene mapping and protein sequence homology with lysosomal acid phosphatase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Apr 14;160(1):79-86. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Vihko P, Virkkunen P, Henttu P, Roiko K, Solin T, Huhtala ML: Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA encoding human prostatic acid phosphatase. FEBS Lett. 1988 Aug 29;236(2):275-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Tailor PG, Govindan MV, Patel PC: Nucleotide sequence of human prostatic acid phosphatase determined from a full-length cDNA clone. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Aug 25;18(16):4928. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Sharief FS, Li SS: Nucleotide sequence of human prostatic acid phosphatase ACPP gene, including seven Alu repeats. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1994 Jun;33(3):561-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. LaCount MW, Handy G, Lebioda L: Structural origins of L(+)-tartrate inhibition of human prostatic acid phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 1998 Nov 13;273(46):30406-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 17 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 18 [top]
Enzyme 18 ID 5331
Enzyme 18 Name Alkaline phosphatase, placental-like precursor
Enzyme 18 Synonyms
  1. Alkaline phosphatase Nagao isozyme
  2. Germ-cell alkaline phosphatase
  3. GCAP
  4. PLAP-like
  5. ALP-1
Enzyme 18 Gene Name ALPPL2
Enzyme 18 Protein Sequence >Alkaline phosphatase, placental-like precursor 
MQGPWVLLLLGLRLQLSLGIIPVEEENPDFWNRQAAEALGAAKKLQPAQTAAKNLIIFLG
DGMGVSTVTAARILKGQKKDKLGPETFLAMDRFPYVALSKTYSVDKHVPDSGATATAYLC
GVKGNFQTIGLSAAARFNQCNTTRGNEVISVMNRAKKAGKSVGVVTTTRVQHASPAGAYA
HTVNRNWYSDADVPASARQEGCQDIATQLISNMDIDVILGGGRKYMFPMGTPDPEYPDDY
SQGGTRLDGKNLVQEWLAKHQGARYVWNRTELLQASLDPSVTHLMGLFEPGDMKYEIHRD
STLDPSLMEMTEAALLLLSRNPRGFFLFVEGGRIDHGHHESRAYRALTETIMFDDAIERA
GQLTSEEDTLSLVTADHSHVFSFGGYPLRGSSIFGLAPGKARDRKAYTVLLYGNGPGYVL
KDGARPDVTESESGSPEYRQQSAVPLDGETHAGEDVAVFARGPQAHLVHGVQEQTFIAHV
MAFAACLEPYTACDLAPRAGTTDAAHPGPSVVPALLPLLAGTLLLLGTATAP
Enzyme 18 Number of Residues 532
Enzyme 18 Molecular Weight 57378
Enzyme 18 Theoretical pI 6.31
Enzyme 18 GO Classification
Function
—
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 18 General Function Inorganic ion transport and metabolism
Enzyme 18 Specific Function A phosphate monoester + H(2)O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 18 Pathways
  • Folate and Pterine Biosynthesis (map00790 Link Image)
  • gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane Degradation (map00361 Link Image)
Enzyme 18 Reactions
  • A phosphate monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate
Enzyme 18 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 18 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 18 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 18 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 18 GenBank ID Protein 178428 Link Image
Enzyme 18 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P10696 Link Image
Enzyme 18 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PPBN_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 18 PDB ID 1EW2 Link Image
Enzyme 18 PDB File Show
Enzyme 18 3D Structure
Enzyme 18 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 18 Gene Sequence >1599 bp 
ATGCAGGGGCCCTGGGTGCTGCTCCTGCTGGGCCTGAGGCTACAGCTCTCCCTGGGCATC
ATCCCAGTTGAGGAGGAGAACCCGGACTTCTGGAACCGCCAGGCAGCCGAGGCCCTGGGT
GCCGCCAAGAAGCTGCAGCCTGCACAGACAGCCGCCAAGAACCTCATCATGTTCCTGGGT
GACGGGATGGGGGTGTCTACGGTGACAGCTGCCAGGATCCTAAAAGGGCAGAAGAAGGAC
AAACTGGGGCCTGAGACCTTCCTGGCCATGGACCGCTTCCCGTACGTGGCTCTGTCCAAG
ACATACAGTGTAGACAAGCATGTGCCAGACAGTGGAGCCACAGCCACGGCCTACCTGTGC
GGGGTCAAGGGCAACTTCCAGACCATTGGCTTGAGTGCAGCCGCCCGCTTTAACCAGTGC
AACACGACACGCGGCAACGAGGTCATCTCCGTGGTGAATCGGGCCAAGAAAGCAGGAAAG
TCAGTGGGAGTGGTAACCACCACACGGGTGCAGCATGCCTCGCCAGCCGGCACCTACGCC
CACACGGTGAACCGCAACTGGTACTCGGATGCCGACGTGCCTGCCTCGGCCCGCCAGGAG
GGGTGCCAGGACATCGCCACGCAGCTCATCTCCAACATGGACATTGATGTGATCCTAGGT
GGAGGCCGAAAGTACATGTTTCCCATGGGGACCCCAGACCCTGAGTACCCAGATGACTAC
AGCCAAGGTGGGACCAGGCTGGACGGGAAGAATCTGGTGCAGGAATGGCTGGCGAAGCAC
CAGGGTGCCCGGTACGTGTGGAACCGCACTGAGCTCCTGCAGGCTTCCCTGGACCCGTCT
GTGACCCATCTCATGGGTCTCTTTGAGCCTGGAGACATGAAATACGAGATCCACCGAGAC
TCCACACTGGACCCCTCCCTGATGGAGATGACAGAGGCTGCCCTGCTCCTGCTGAGCAGG
AACCCCCGCGGCTTCTTCCTCTTCGTGGAGGGTGGTCGCATCGACCATGGTCATCATGAA
AGCAGGGCTTACCGGGCACTGACTGAGACGATCATGTTCGACGACGCCATTGAGAGGGCG
GGCCAGCTCACCAGCGAGGAGGACACGCTGAGCCTCGTCACTGCCGACCACTCCCACGTC
TTCTCCTTCGGAGGCTACCCCCTGCGAGGGAGCTCCATCTTCGGGCTGGCCCCTGGCAAG
GCCCGGGACAGGAAGGCCTACACGGTCCTCCTATACGGAAACGGTCCAGGCTATGTGCTC
AAGGACGGCGCCCGGCCGGATGTTACGGAGAGCGAGAGCGGGAGCCCCGAGTATCGGCAG
CAGTCAGCAGTGCCCCTGGACGGAGAGACCCACGCAGGCGAGGACGTGGCGGTGTTCGCG
CGCGGCCCGCAGGCGCACCTGGTTCACGGCGTGCAGGAGCAGACCTTCATAGCGCACGTC
ATGGCCTTCGCCGCCTGCCTGGAGCCCTACACCGCCTGCGACCTGGCGCCCCCCGCCGGC
ACCACCGACGCCGCGCACCCGGGGCCGTCCGTGGTCCCCGCGTTGCTTCCTCTGCTGGCA
GGGACCTTGCTGCTGCTGGGGACGGCCACTGCTCCCTGA
Enzyme 18 GenBank Gene ID J03252 Link Image
Enzyme 18 GeneCard ID ALPPL2 Link Image
Enzyme 18 GenAtlas ID ALPPL2 Link Image
Enzyme 18 HGNC ID HGNC:441 Link Image
Enzyme 18 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 18 Locus 2q37
Enzyme 18 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 18 General References
  1. Millan JL, Manes T: Seminoma-derived Nagao isozyme is encoded by a germ-cell alkaline phosphatase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 May;85(9):3024-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Watanabe S, Watanabe T, Li WB, Soong BW, Chou JY: Expression of the germ cell alkaline phosphatase gene in human choriocarcinoma cells. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jul 25;264(21):12611-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gum JR, Hicks JW, Sack TL, Kim YS: Molecular cloning of complementary DNAs encoding alkaline phosphatase in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res. 1990 Feb 15;50(4):1085-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Lowe ME, Strauss AW: Expression of a Nagao-type, phosphatidylinositol-glycan anchored alkaline phosphatase in human choriocarcinomas. Cancer Res. 1990 Jul 1;50(13):3956-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Shen LP, Liu H, Kan YW, Kam W: 5' nucleotide sequence of a putative human placental alkaline phosphatase-like gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Jun 24;16(12):5694. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 18 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 19 [top]
Enzyme 19 ID 5463
Enzyme 19 Name Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 2
Enzyme 19 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2c
  2. Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase type 2c
  3. PAP2c
  4. PAP- 2c
  5. PAP2-gamma
  6. PAP2-G
Enzyme 19 Gene Name PPAP2C
Enzyme 19 Protein Sequence >Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 2 
MQRRWVFVLLDVLCLLVASLPFAILTLVNAPYKRGFYCGDDSIRYPYRPDTITHGLMAGV
TITATVILVSAGEAYLVYTDRLYSRSDFNNYVAAVYKVLGTFLFGAAVSQSLTDLAKYMI
GRLRPNFLAVCDPDWSRVNCSVYVQLEKVCRGNPADVTEARLSFYSGHSSFGMYCMVFLA
LYVQARLCWKWARLLRPTVQFFLVAFALYVGYTRVSDYKHHWSDVLVGLLQGALVAALTV
CYISDFFKARPPQHCLKEEELERKPSLSLTLTLGEADHNHYGYPHSSS
Enzyme 19 Number of Residues 288
Enzyme 19 Molecular Weight 32574
Enzyme 19 Theoretical pI 8.44
Enzyme 19 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 19 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 19 Specific Function Catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DG). In addition it hydrolyzes lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), ceramide-1-phosphate (C-1-P) and sphingosine-1- phosphate (S-1-P). The relative catalytic efficiency is PA > C-1-P > LPA > S-1-P
Enzyme 19 Pathways
Enzyme 19 Reactions
  • A 3-sn-phosphatidate + H2O = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + phosphate
Enzyme 19 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 19 Signals
  • 1-30
Enzyme 19 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 19 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 19 GenBank ID Protein 3123896 Link Image
Enzyme 19 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O43688 Link Image
Enzyme 19 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LPP2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 19 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 19 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 19 Gene Sequence >867 bp 
ATGCAGCGGAGGTGGGTCTTCGTGCTGCTCGACGTGCTGTGCTTACTGGTCGCCTCCCTG
CCCTTCGCTATCCTGACGCTGGTGAACGCCCCGTACAAGCGAGGATTTTACTGCGGGGAT
GACTCCATCCGGTACCCCTACCGTCCAGATACCATCACCCACGGGCTCATGGCTGGGGTC
ACCATCACGGCCACCGTCATCCTTGTCTCGGCCGGGGAAGCCTACCTGGTGTACACAGAC
CGGCTCTATTCTCGCTCGGACTTCAACAACTACGTGGCTGCTGTATACAAGGTGCTGGGG
ACCTTCCTGTTTGGGGCTGCCGTGAGCCAGTCTCTGACAGACCTGGCCAAGTACATGATT
GGGCGTCTGAGGCCCAACTTCCTAGCCGTCTGCGACCCCGACTGGAGCCGGGTCAACTGC
TCGGTCTATGTGCAGCTGGAGAAGGTGTGCAGGGGAAACCCTGCTGATGTCACCGAGGCC
AGGTTGTCTTTCTACTCGGGACACTCTTCCTTTGGGATGTACTGCATGGTGTTCTTGGCG
CTGTATGTGCAGGCACGACTCTGTTGGAAGTGGGCACGGCTGCTGCGACCCACAGTCCAG
TTCTTCCTGGTGGCCTTTGCCCTCTACGTGGGCTACACCCGCGTGTCTGATTACAAACAC
CACTGGAGCGATGTCCTTGTTGGCCTCCTGCAGGGGGCACTGGTGGCTGCCCTCACTGTC
TGCTACATCTCAGACTTCTTCAAAGCCCGACCCCCACAGCACTGTCTGAAGGAGGAGGAG
CTGGAACGGAAGCCCAGCCTGTCACTGACGTTGACCCTGGGCGAGGCTGACCACAACCAC
TATGGATACCCGCACTCCTCCTCCTGA
Enzyme 19 GenBank Gene ID AF035959 Link Image
Enzyme 19 GeneCard ID PPAP2C Link Image
Enzyme 19 GenAtlas ID PPAP2C Link Image
Enzyme 19 HGNC ID HGNC:9230 Link Image
Enzyme 19 Chromosome Location 19
Enzyme 19 Locus 19p13
Enzyme 19 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 19 General References
  1. Leung DW, Tompkins CK, White T: Molecular cloning of two alternatively spliced forms of human phosphatidic acid phosphatase cDNAs that are differentially expressed in normal and tumor cells. DNA Cell Biol. 1998 Apr;17(4):377-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Roberts R, Sciorra VA, Morris AJ: Human type 2 phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolases. Substrate specificity of the type 2a, 2b, and 2c enzymes and cell surface activity of the 2a isoform. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):22059-67. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 19 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 20 [top]
Enzyme 20 ID 5469
Enzyme 20 Name Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 1
Enzyme 20 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2a
  2. Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase type 2a
  3. PAP2a
  4. PAP- 2a
  5. PAP2-alpha
Enzyme 20 Gene Name PPAP2A
Enzyme 20 Protein Sequence >Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 1 
MFDKTRLPYVALDVLCVLLAGLPFAILTSRHTPFQRGVFCNDESIKYPYKEDTIPYALLG
GIIIPFSIIVIILGETLSVYCNLLHSNSFIRNNYIATIYKAIGTFLFGAAASQSLTDIAK
YSIGRLRPHFLDVCDPDWSKINCSDGYIEYYICRGNAERVKEGRLSFYSGHSSFSMYCML
FVALYLQARMKGDWARLLRPTLQFGLVAVSIYVGLSRVSDYKHHWSDVLTGLIQGALVAI
LVAVYVSDFFKERTSFKERKEEDSHTTLHETPTTGNHYPSNHQP
Enzyme 20 Number of Residues 284
Enzyme 20 Molecular Weight 32156
Enzyme 20 Theoretical pI 8.06
Enzyme 20 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 20 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 20 Specific Function Broad-specificity phosphohydrolase that dephosphorylates exogenous bioactive glycerolipids and sphingolipids. Catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DG). Pivotal regulator of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling in the cardiovascular system. Major enzyme responsible of dephosphorylating LPA in platelets, which terminates signaling actions of LPA. May control circulating, and possibly also regulate localized, LPA levels resulting from platelet activation. It has little activity towards ceramide-1-phosphate (C-1-P) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S-1-P). The relative catalytic efficiency is LPA > PA > S-1-P > C-1-P. It's down-regulation may contribute to the development of colon adenocarcinoma
Enzyme 20 Pathways
Enzyme 20 Reactions
  • A 3-sn-phosphatidate + H2O = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + phosphate
Enzyme 20 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 20 Signals
  • 1-27
Enzyme 20 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 20 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 20 GenBank ID Protein 2467298 Link Image
Enzyme 20 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O14494 Link Image
Enzyme 20 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LPP1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 20 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 20 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 20 Gene Sequence >855 bp 
ATGTTCGACAAGACGCGGCTGCCGTACGTGGCCCTCGATGTGCTCTGCGTGTTGCTGGCT
GGATTGCCTTTTGCAATTCTTACTTCAAGGCATACCCCCTTCCAACGAGGAGTATTCTGT
AATGATGAGTCCATCAAGTACCCTTACAAAGAAGACACCATACCTTATGCGTTATTAGGT
GGAATAATCATTCCATTCAGTATTATCGTTATTATTCTTGGAGAAACCCTGTCTGTTTAC
TGTAACCTTTTGCACTCAAATTCCTTTATCAGGAATAACTACATAGCCACTATTTACAAA
GCCATTGGAACCTTTTTATTTGGTGCAGCTGCTAGTCAGTCCCTGACTGACATTGCCAAG
TATTCAATAGGCAGACTGCGGCCTCACTTCTTGGATGTTTGTGATCCAGATTGGTCAAAA
ATCAACTGCAGCGATGGTTACATTGAATACTACATATGTCGAGGGAATGCAGAAAGAGTT
AAGGAAGGCAGGTTGTCCTTCTATTCAGGCCACTCTTCGTTTTCCATGTACTGCATGCTG
TTTGTGGCACTTTATCTTCAAGCCAGGATGAAGGGAGACTGGGCAAGACTCTTACGCCCC
ACACTGCAATTTGGTCTTGTTGCCGTATCCATTTATGTGGGCCTTTCTCGAGTTTCTGAT
TATAAACACCACTGGAGCGATGTGTTGACTGGACTCATTCAGGGAGCTCTGGTTGCAATA
TTAGTTGCTGTATATGTATCGGATTTCTTCAAAGAAAGAACTTCTTTTAAAGAAAGAAAA
GAGGAGGACTCTCATACAACTCTGCATGAAACACCAACAACTGGGAATCACTATCCGAGC
AATCACCAGCCTTGA
Enzyme 20 GenBank Gene ID AB000888 Link Image
Enzyme 20 GeneCard ID PPAP2A Link Image
Enzyme 20 GenAtlas ID PPAP2A Link Image
Enzyme 20 HGNC ID HGNC:9228 Link Image
Enzyme 20 Chromosome Location 5
Enzyme 20 Locus 5q11
Enzyme 20 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 20 General References
  1. Kai M, Wada I, Imai S, Sakane F, Kanoh H: Cloning and characterization of two human isozymes of Mg2+-independent phosphatidic acid phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 1997 Sep 26;272(39):24572-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Leung DW, Tompkins CK, White T: Molecular cloning of two alternatively spliced forms of human phosphatidic acid phosphatase cDNAs that are differentially expressed in normal and tumor cells. DNA Cell Biol. 1998 Apr;17(4):377-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ulrix W, Swinnen JV, Heyns W, Verhoeven G: Identification of the phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2a isozyme as an androgen-regulated gene in the human prostatic adenocarcinoma cell line LNCaP. J Biol Chem. 1998 Feb 20;273(8):4660-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Roberts R, Sciorra VA, Morris AJ: Human type 2 phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolases. Substrate specificity of the type 2a, 2b, and 2c enzymes and cell surface activity of the 2a isoform. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):22059-67. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 20 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 21 [top]
Enzyme 21 ID 5474
Enzyme 21 Name Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 3
Enzyme 21 Synonyms
  1. Phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2b
  2. Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase type 2b
  3. PAP2b
  4. PAP- 2b
  5. PAP2-beta
  6. Vascular endothelial growth factor and type I collagen-inducible protein
  7. VCIP
Enzyme 21 Gene Name PPAP2B
Enzyme 21 Protein Sequence >Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 3 
MQNYKYDKAIVPESKNGGSPALNNNPRRSGSKRVLLICLDLFCLFMAGLPFLIIETSTIK
PYHRGFYCNDESIKYPLKTGETINDAVLCAVGIVIAILAIITGEFYRIYYLKKSRSTIQN
PYVAALYKQVGCFLFGCAISQSFTDIAKVSIGRLRPHFLSVCNPDFSQINCSEGYIQNYR
CRGDDSKVQEARKSFFSGHASFSMYTMLYLVLYLQARFTWRGARLLRPLLQFTLIMMAFY
TGLSRVSDHKHHPSDVLAGFAQGALVACCIVFFVSDLFKTKTTLSLPAPAIRKEILSPVD
IIDRNNHHNMM
Enzyme 21 Number of Residues 311
Enzyme 21 Molecular Weight 35116
Enzyme 21 Theoretical pI 9.40
Enzyme 21 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 21 General Function Lipid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 21 Specific Function Catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DG). In addition it hydrolyzes lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), ceramide-1-phosphate (C-1-P) and sphingosine-1- phosphate (S-1-P). The relative catalytic efficiency is LPA = PA > C-1-P > S-1-P. May be involved in cell adhesion and in cell-cell interactions
Enzyme 21 Pathways
Enzyme 21 Reactions
  • A 3-sn-phosphatidate + H2O = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + phosphate
Enzyme 21 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 21 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 21 Transmembrane Regions
  • 34-54 86-106 123-143 194-214 228-248 258-278
Enzyme 21 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 21 GenBank ID Protein 2467300 Link Image
Enzyme 21 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O14495 Link Image
Enzyme 21 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LPP3_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 21 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 21 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 21 Gene Sequence >936 bp 
ATGCAAAACTACAAGTACGACAAAGCGATCGTCCCGGAGAGCAAGAACGGCGGCAGCCCG
GCGCTCAACAACAACCCGAGGAGGAGCGGCAGCAAGCGGGTGCTGCTCATCTGCCTCGAC
CTCTTCTGCCTCTTCATGGCGGGCCTCCCCTTCCTCATCATCGAGACAAGCACCATCAAG
CCTTACCACCGAGGGTTTTACTGCAATGATGAGAGCATCAAGTACCCACTGAAAACTGGT
GAGACAATAAATGACGCTGTGCTCTGTGCCGTGGGGATCGTCATTGCCATCCTCGCGATC
ATCACGGGGGAATTCTACCGGATCTATTACCTGAAGAAGTCGCGGTCGACGATTCAGAAC
CCCTACGTGGCAGCACTCTATAAGCAAGTGGGCTGCTTCCTCTTTGGCTGTGCCATCAGC
CAGTCTTTCACAGACATTGCCAAAGTGTCCATAGGGCGCCTGCGTCCTCACTTCTTGAGT
GTCTGCAACCCTGATTTCAGCCAGATCAACTGCTCTGAAGGCTACATTCAGAACTACAGA
TGCAGAGGTGATGACAGCAAAGTCCAGGAAGCCAGGAAGTCCTTCTTCTCTGGCCATGCC
TCCTTCTCCATGTACACTATGCTGTATTTGGTGCTATACCTGCAGGCCCGCTTCACTTGG
CGAGGAGCCCGCCTGCTCCGGCCCCTCCTGCAGTTCACCTTGATCATGATGGCCTTCTAC
ACGGGACTGTCTCGCGTATCAGACCACAAGCACCATCCCAGTGATGTTCTGGCAGGATTT
GCTCAAGGAGCCCTGGTGGCCTGCTGCATAGTTTTCTTCGTGTCTGACCTCTTCAAGACT
AAGACGACGCTCTCCCTGCCTGCCCCTGCTATCCGGAAGGAAATCCTTTCACCTGTGGAC
ATTATTGACAGGAACAATCACCACAACATGATGTAG
Enzyme 21 GenBank Gene ID AB000889 Link Image
Enzyme 21 GeneCard ID PPAP2B Link Image
Enzyme 21 GenAtlas ID PPAP2B Link Image
Enzyme 21 HGNC ID HGNC:9229 Link Image
Enzyme 21 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 21 Locus 1pter-p22.1
Enzyme 21 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 21 General References
  1. Kai M, Wada I, Imai S, Sakane F, Kanoh H: Cloning and characterization of two human isozymes of Mg2+-independent phosphatidic acid phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 1997 Sep 26;272(39):24572-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Roberts R, Sciorra VA, Morris AJ: Human type 2 phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolases. Substrate specificity of the type 2a, 2b, and 2c enzymes and cell surface activity of the 2a isoform. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):22059-67. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Humtsoe JO, Feng S, Thakker GD, Yang J, Hong J, Wary KK: Regulation of cell-cell interactions by phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2b/VCIP. EMBO J. 2003 Apr 1;22(7):1539-54. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Ding Y, Liu W, Ricafrente JY, Wentland MA, Lennon G, Gibbs RA: Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing. Genome Res. 1997 Apr;7(4):353-8. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 21 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 22 [top]
Enzyme 22 ID 5490
Enzyme 22 Name Propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta chain, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 22 Synonyms
  1. PCCase subunit beta
  2. Propanoyl-CoA:carbon dioxide ligase subunit beta
Enzyme 22 Gene Name PCCB
Enzyme 22 Protein Sequence >Propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta chain, mitochondrial precursor 
MAAALRVAAVGARLSVLASGLRAAVRSLCSQATSVNERIENKRRTALLGGGQRRIDAQHK
RGKLTARERISLLLDPGSFVESDMFVEHRCADFGMAADKNKFPGDSVVTGRGRINGRLVY
VFSQDFTVFGGSLSGAHAQKICKIMDQAITVGAPVIGLNDSGGARIQEGVESLAGYADIF
LRNVTASGVIPQISLIMGPCAGGAVYSPALTDFTFMVKDTSYLFITGPDVVKSVTNEDVT
QEELGGAKTHTTMSGVAHRAFENDVDALCNLRDFFNYLPLSSQDPAPVRECHDPSDRLVP
ELDTIVPLESTKAYNMVDIIHSVVDEREFFEIMPNYAKNIIVGFARMNGRTVGIVGNQPK
VASGCLDINSSVKGARFVRFCDAFNIPLITFVDVPGFLPGTAQEYGGIIRHGAKLLYAFA
EATVPKVTVITRKAYGGAYDVMSSKHLCGDTNYAWPTAEIAVMGAKGAVEIIFKGHENVE
AAQAEYIEKFANPFPAAVRGFVDDIIQPSSTRARICCDLDVLASKKVQRPWRKHANIPL
Enzyme 22 Number of Residues 539
Enzyme 22 Molecular Weight 58216
Enzyme 22 Theoretical pI 7.69
Enzyme 22 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 22 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 22 Specific Function ATP + propanoyl-CoA + HCO(3)(-) = ADP + phosphate + (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA
Enzyme 22 Pathways
Enzyme 22 Reactions
  • ATP + propanoyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA
Enzyme 22 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 22 Signals
  • 1-23
Enzyme 22 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 22 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 22 GenBank ID Protein 312812 Link Image
Enzyme 22 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P05166 Link Image
Enzyme 22 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PCCB_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 22 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 22 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 22 Gene Sequence >1620 bp 
ATGGCGGCGGCATTACGGGTGGCGGCGGTCGGGGCAAGGCTCAGCGTTCTGGCGAGCGGT
CTCCGCGCCGCGGTCCGCAGCCTTTGCAGCCAGGCCACCTCTGTTAACGAACGCATCGAA
AACAAGCGCCGGACCGCGCTGCTGGGAGGGGGCCAACGCCGTATTGACGCGCAGCACAAG
CGAGGAAAGCTAACAGCCAGGGAGAGGATCAGTCTCTTGCTGGACCCTGGCAGCTTTGTT
GAGAGCGACATGTTTGTGGAACACAGATGTGCAGATTTTGGAATGGCTGCTGACAAGAAT
AAGTTTCCTGGAGACAGCGTGGTCACTGGACGAGGCCGAATCAATGGAAGATTGGTTTAT
GTCTTCAGTCAGGATTTTACAGTTTTTGGAGGCAGTCTGTCAGGAGCACATGCCCAAAAG
ATCTGCAAAATCATGGACCAGGCCATAACGGTGGGGGCTCCAGTGATTGGGCTGAATGAC
TCTGGGGGAGCACGGATCCAAGAAGGAGTGGAGTCTTTGGCTGGCTATGCAGACATCTTT
CTGAGGAATGTTACGGCATCCGGAGTCATCCCTCAGATTTCTCTGATCATGGGCCCATGT
GCTGGTGGGGCCGTCTACTCCCCAGCCCTAACAGACTTCACGTTCATGGTAAAGGACACC
TCCTACCTGTTCATCACTGGCCCTGATGTTGTGAAGTCTGTCACCAATGAGGATGTTACC
CAGGAGGAGCTCGGTGGTGCCAAGACCCACACCACCATGTCAGGTGTGGCCCACAGAGCT
TTTGAAAATGATGTTGATGCCTTGTGTAATCTCCGGGATTTCTTCAACTACCTGCCCCTG
AGCAGTCAGGACCCGGCTTCCGTCCGTGAGTGCCACGATCCCAGTGACCGTCTGGTTCCT
GAGCTTGACACAATTGTCCCTTTGGAATCAACCAAAGCCTACAACATGGTGGACATCATA
CACTCTGTTGTTGATGAGCGTGAATTTTTTGAGATCATGCCCAATTATGCCAAGAACATC
ATTGTTGGTTTTGCAAGAATGAATGGGAGGACTGTTGGAATTGTTGGCAACCAACCTAAG
GTGGCCTCAGGATGCTTGGATATTAATTCATCTGTGAAAGGGGCTCGTTTTGTCAGATTC
TGTGATGCATTCAATATTCCACTCATCACTTTTGTTGATGTCCCTGGCTTTCTACCTGGC
ACAGCACAGGAATACGGGGGCATCATCCGGCATGGTGCCAAGCTTCTCTACGCATTTGCT
GAGGCAACTGTACCCAAAGTCACAGTCATCACCAGGAAGGCCTATGGAGGTGCCTATGAT
GTCATGAGCTCTAAGCACCTTTGTGGTGATACCAACTATGCCTGGCCCACCGCAGAGATT
GCAGTCATGGGAGCAAAGGGCGCTGTGGAGATCATCTTCAAAGGGCATGAGAATGTGGAA
GCTGCTCAGGCAGAGTACATCGAGAAGTTTGCCAACCCTTTCCCTGCAGCAGTGCGAGGG
TTTGTGGATGACATCATCCAACCTTCTTCCACACGTGCCCGAATCTGCTGTGACCTGGAT
GTCTTGGCCAGCAAGAAGGTACAACGTCCTTGGAGAAAACATGCAAATATTCCATTGTAA
Enzyme 22 GenBank Gene ID X73424 Link Image
Enzyme 22 GeneCard ID PCCB Link Image
Enzyme 22 GenAtlas ID PCCB Link Image
Enzyme 22 HGNC ID HGNC:8654 Link Image
Enzyme 22 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 22 Locus 3q21-q22
Enzyme 22 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 22 General References
  1. Lamhonwah AM, Leclerc D, Loyer M, Clarizio R, Gravel RA: Correction of the metabolic defect in propionic acidemia fibroblasts by microinjection of a full-length cDNA or RNA transcript encoding the propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta subunit. Genomics. 1994 Feb;19(3):500-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Ohura T, Ogasawara M, Ikeda H, Narisawa K, Tada K: The molecular defect in propionic acidemia: exon skipping caused by an 8-bp deletion from an intron in the PCCB allele. Hum Genet. 1993 Oct;92(4):397-402. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Rodriguez-Pombo P, Hoenicka J, Muro S, Perez B, Perez-Cerda C, Richard E, Desviat LR, Ugarte M: Human propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta subunit gene: exon-intron definition and mutation spectrum in Spanish and Latin American propionic acidemia patients. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Aug;63(2):360-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Lamhonwah AM, Barankiewicz TJ, Willard HF, Mahuran DJ, Quan F, Gravel RA: Isolation of cDNA clones coding for the alpha and beta chains of human propionyl-CoA carboxylase: chromosomal assignments and DNA polymorphisms associated with PCCA and PCCB genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(13):4864-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Tahara T, Kraus JP, Rosenberg LE: An unusual insertion/deletion in the gene encoding the beta-subunit of propionyl-CoA carboxylase is a frequent mutation in Caucasian propionic acidemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Feb;87(4):1372-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Tahara T, Kraus JP, Ohura T, Rosenberg LE, Fenton WA: Three independent mutations in the same exon of the PCCB gene: differences between Caucasian and Japanese propionic acidaemia. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1993;16(2):353-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Muro S, Rodriguez-Pombo P, Perez B, Perez-Cerda C, Desviat LR, Sperl W, Skladal D, Sass JO, Ugarte M: Identification of novel mutations in the PCCB gene in European propionic acidemia patients. Mutation in brief no. 253. Online. Hum Mutat. 1999;14(1):89-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Ugarte M, Perez-Cerda C, Rodriguez-Pombo P, Desviat LR, Perez B, Richard E, Muro S, Campeau E, Ohura T, Gravel RA: Overview of mutations in the PCCA and PCCB genes causing propionic acidemia. Hum Mutat. 1999;14(4):275-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Perez B, Desviat LR, Rodriguez-Pombo P, Clavero S, Navarrete R, Perez-Cerda C, Ugarte M: Propionic acidemia: identification of twenty-four novel mutations in Europe and North America. Mol Genet Metab. 2003 Jan;78(1):59-67. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 22 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 23 [top]
Enzyme 23 ID 5595
Enzyme 23 Name Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase [ammonia], mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 23 Synonyms
  1. Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase I
  2. CPSase I
Enzyme 23 Gene Name CPS1
Enzyme 23 Protein Sequence >Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase [ammonia], mitochondrial precursor 
MTRILTAFKVVRTLKTGFGFTNVTAHQKWKFSRPGIRLLSVKAQTAHIVLEDGTKMKGYS
FGHPSSVAGEVVFNTGLGGYPEAITDPAYKGQILTMANPIIGNGGAPDTTALDELGLSKY
LESNGIKVSGLLVLDYSKDYNHWLATKSLGQWLQEEKVPAIYGVDTRMLTKIIRDKGTML
GKIEFEGQPVDFVDPNKQNLIAEVSTKDVKVYGKGNPTKVVAVDCGIKNNVIRLLVKRGA
EVHLVPWNHDFTKMEYDGILIAGGPGNPALAEPLIQNVRKILESDRKEPLFGISTGNLIT
GLAAGAKTYKMSMANRGQNQPVLNITNKQAFITAQNHGYALDNTLPAGWKPLFVNVNDQT
NEGIMHESKPFFAVQFHPEVTPGPIDTEYLFDSFFSLIKKGKATTITSVLPKPALVASRV
EVSKVLILGSGGLSIGQAGEFDYSGSQAVKAMKEENVKTVLMNPNIASVQTNEVGLKQAD
TVYFLPITPQFVTEVIKAEQPDGLILGMGGQTALNCGVELFKRGVLKEYGVKVLGTSVES
IMATEDRQLFSDKLNEINEKIAPSFAVESIEDALKAADTIGYPVMIRSAYALGGLGSGIC
PNRETLMDLSTKAFAMTNQILVEKSVTGWKEIEYEVVRDADDNCVTVCNMENVDAMGVHT
GDSVVVAPAQTLSNAEFQMLRRTSINVVRHLGIVGECNIQFALHPTSMEYCIIEVNARLS
RSSALASKATGYPLAFIAAKIALGIPLPEIKNVVSGKTSACFEPSLDYMVTKIPRWDLDR
FHGTSSRIGSSMKSVGEVMAIGRTFEESFQKALRMCHPSIEGFTPRLPMNKEWPSNLDLR
KELSEPSSTRIYAIAKAIDDNMSLDEIEKLTYIDKWFLYKMRDILNMEKTLKGLNSESMT
EETLKRAKEIGFSDKQISKCLGLTEAQTRELRLKKNIHPWVKQIDTLAAEYPSVTNYLYV
TYNGQEHDVNFDDHGMMVLGCGPYHIGSSVEFDWCAVSSIRTLRQLGKKTVVVNCNPETV
STDFDECDKLYFEELSLERILDIYHQEACGGCIISVGGQIPNNLAVPLYKNGVKIMGTSP
LQIDRAEDRSIFSAVLDELKVAQAPWKAVNTLNEALEFAKSVDYPCLLRPSYVLSGSAMN
VVFSEDEMKKFLEEATRVSQEHPVVLTKFVEGAREVEMDAVGKDGRVISHAISEHVEDAG
VHSGDATLMLPTQTISQGAIEKVKDATRKIAKAFAISGPFNVQFLVKGNDVLVIECNLRA
SRSFPFVSKTLGVDFIDVATKVMIGENVDEKHLPTLDHPIIPADYVAIKAPMFSWPRLRD
ADPILRCEMASTGEVACFGEGIHTAFLKAMLSTGFKIPQKGILIGIQQSFRPRFLGVAEQ
LHNEGFKLFATEATSDWLNANNVPATPVAWPSQEGQNPSLSSIRKLIRDGSIDLVINLPN
NNTKFVHDNYVIRRTAVDSGIPLLTNFQVTKLFAEAVQKSRKVDSKSLFHYRQYSAGKAA
Enzyme 23 Number of Residues 1500
Enzyme 23 Molecular Weight 164941
Enzyme 23 Theoretical pI 6.71
Enzyme 23 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • carbamoyl-phosphate synthase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
  • ligase activity, forming carbon-nitrogen bonds
  • nucleotide binding
  • purine nucleotide binding
Process
  • amino acid and derivative metabolism
  • amino acid metabolism
  • arginine biosynthesis
  • arginine metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • glutamine family amino acid metabolism
  • glutamine metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nitrogen compound metabolism
  • nucleobase metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
  • pyrimidine base biosynthesis
  • pyrimidine base metabolism
  • urea cycle intermediate metabolism
Component
  • cell
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular
Enzyme 23 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 23 Specific Function Involved in the urea cycle of ureotelic animals where the enzyme plays an important role in removing excess ammonia from the cell
Enzyme 23 Pathways
Enzyme 23 Reactions
  • 2 ATP + NH3 + CO2 + H2O = 2 ADP + phosphate + carbamoyl phosphate
Enzyme 23 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 23 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 23 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 23 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 23 GenBank ID Protein 219553 Link Image
Enzyme 23 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P31327 Link Image
Enzyme 23 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name CPSM_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 23 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 23 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 23 Gene Sequence >4503 bp 
ATGACGAGGATTTTGACAGCTTTCAAAGTGGTGAGGACACTGAAGACTGGTTTTGGCTTT
ACCAATGTGACTGCACACCAAAAATGGAAATTTTCAAGACCTGGCATCAGGCTCCTTTCT
GTCAAGGCACAGACAGCACACATTGTCCTGGAAGATGGAACTAAGATGAAAGGTTACTCC
TTTGGCCATCCATCCTCTGTTGCTGGTGAAGTGGTTTTTAATACTGGCCTGGGAGGGTAC
CCAGAAGCTATTACTGACCCTGCCTACAAAGGACAGATTCTCACAATGGCCAACCCTATT
ATTGGGAATGGTGGAGCTCCTGATACTACTTCTCTGGATGAACTGGGACTTAGCAAATAT
TTGGAGTCTAATGGAATCAAGGTTTCAGGTTTGCTGGTGCTGGATTATAGTAAAGACTAC
AACCACTGGCTGGCTACCAAGAGTTTAGGGCAATGGCTACAGGAAGAAAAGGTTCCTGCA
ATTTATGGAGTGGACACAAGAATGCTGACTAAAATAATTCGGGATAAGGGTACCATGCTT
GGGAAGATTGAATTTGAAGGTCAGCCTGTGGATTTTGTGGATCCAAATAAACAGAATTTG
ATTGCTGAGGTTTCAACCAAGGATGTCAAAGTGTACGGCAAAGGAAACCCCACAAAAGTG
GTAGCTGTAGACTGTGGGATTAAAAACAATGTAATCCGCCTGCTAGTAAAGCGAGGAGCT
GAAGTGCACTTAGTTCCCTGGAACCATGATTTCACCAAGATGGAGTATGATGGGATTTTG
ATCGCGGGAGGACCGGGGAACCCAGCTCTTGCAGAACCACTAATTCAGAATGTTCAGAAG
ATTTTGGAGAGTGATCGCAAGGAGCCATTGTTTGGAATCAGTACAGGAAACTTAATAACA
GGATTGGCTGCTGGTGCCAAAACCTACAAGATGTCCATGGCCAACAGAGGGCAGAATCAG
CCTGTTTTGAATATCACAAACAAACAGGCTTTCATTACTGCTCAGAATCATTGCTATGCC
TTGGACAACACCCTCCCTGCTGGCTGGAAACCACTTTTTGTGAATGTCAACGATCAAACA
AATGAGGGGATTATGCATGAGAGCAAACCCTTCTTCGCTGTGCAGTTCCACCCAGAGGTC
ACCCCGGGGCCAATAGACACTGAGTACCTGTTTGATTCCTTTTTCTCACTGATAAAGAAA
GGAAAAGCTACCACCATTACATCAGTCTTACCGAAGCCAGCACTAGTTGCATCTCGGGTT
GAGGTTTCCAAAGTCCTTATTCTAGGATCAGGAGGTCTGTCCATTGGTCAGGCTGGAGAA
TTTGATTACTCAGGATCTCAAGCTGTAAAAGCCATGAAGGAAGAAAATGTCAAAACTGTT
CTGATGAACCCAAACATTGCATCAGTCCAGACCAATGAGGTGGGCTTAAAGCAAGCGGAT
ACTGTCTACTTTCTTCCCATCACCCCTCAGTTTGTCACAGAGGTCATCAAGGCAGAACAG
CCAGATGGGTTAATTCTGGGCATGGGTGGCCAGACAGCTCTGAACTGTGGAGTAGAACTA
TTCAAGAGAGGTGTGCTCAAGGAATATGGTGTGAAAGTCCTGGGAACTTCAGTTGAGTCC
ATTATGGCTACGGAAGACAGGCAGCTGTTTTCAGATAAACTAAATGAGATCAATGAAAAG
ATTGCTCCAAGTTTTGCAGTGGAATCGATTGAGGATGCACTGAAGGCAGCAGACACCATT
GGCTACCCAGTGATGATCCGTTCCGCCTATGCACTGGGTGGGTTAGGCTCAGGCATCTGT
CCCAACAGAGAGACTTTGATGGACCTCAGCACAAAGGCCTTTGCTATGACCAACCAAATT
CTGGTGGAGAAGTCAGTGACAGGTTGGAAAGAAATAGAATATGAAGTGGTTCGAGATGCT
GATGACAATTGTGTCACTGTCTGTAACATGGAAAATGTTGATGCCATGGGTGTTCACACA
GGTGACTCAGTTGTTGTGGCTCCTGCCCAGACACTCTCCAATGCCGAGTTTCAGATGTTG
AGACGTACTTCAATCAATGTTGTTCGCCACTTGGGCATTGTGGGTGAATGCAACATTCAG
TTTGCCCTTCATCCTACCTCAATGGAATACTGCATCATTGAAGTGAATGCCAAGATGTCC
CCGAACTCTGCTCTGGCCTCCAAAACGACTGGCTACCCATTGGCATTCATTGCTGCAAAG
ATTGCCCTAGGAATCCCACTTCCAGGAATTAAGAACGTCGTATCCGGGAAGACATCAGCC
TGTTTTGAACCTAGCCTGGATTACATGGTCACCAAGATTCCCCGCTGGGATCTTGACCGT
TTTCATGGAACATCTAGCCGAATTGGTAGCTCTATGAAAAGTGTAGGAGAGGTCATGGCT
ATTGGTCGTACCTTTGAGGAGAGTTTCCAGAAAGCTTTACGGATGTGCCACCCATCTATA
GAGGGTTTCACTCCCCGTCTCCCAATGAACAAAGAATGGCCATCGAATTTAGATCTTAGA
AAAGAGTTGTCTGAACCAAGCAGCACGCGTATCTATGCCATTGCCAAGGCCATTGATGAC
AACATGTCCCTTGATGAGATTGAGAAGCTCACATACATTGACAAGTGGTTTTTGTATAAG
ATGCGTGATATTTTAAACATGGAAAAGACACTGAAAGGCCTCAACAGTGAGTCCATGACA
GAAGAAACCCTGAAAAGGGCAAAGGAGATTGGGTTCTCAGATAAGCAGATTTCAAAATGC
CTTGGGCTCACTGAGGCCCAGACAAGGGAGCTGAGGTTAAAGAAAAACATCCACCCTTGG
GTTAAACAGATTGATACACTGGCTGCAGAATACCCATCAGTAACAAACTATCTCTATGTT
ACCTACAATGGTCAGGAGCATGATGTCAATTTTGATGACCATGGAATGATGGTGCTAGGC
TGTGGTCCATATCACATTGGCAGCAGTGTGGAATTTGATTGGTGTGCTGTCTCTAGTATC
CGCACACTGCGTCAACTTGGCAAGAAGACGGTGGTGGTGAATTGCAATCCTGAGACTGTG
AGCACAGACTTTGATGAGTGTGACAAACTGTACTTTGAAGAGTTGTCCTTGGAGAGAATC
CTAGACATCTACCATCAGGAGGCATGTGGTGGCTGCATCATATCAGTTGGAGGCCAGATT
CCAAACAACCTGGCAGTTCCTCTATACAAGAATGGTGTCAAGATCATGGGCACAAGCCCC
CTGCAGATCGACAGGGCTGAGGATCGCTCCATCTTCTCAGCTGTCTTGGATGAGCTGAAG
GTGGCTCAGGCACCTTGGAAAGCTGTTAATACTTTGAATGAAGCACTGGAATTTGCAAAG
TCTGTGGACTACCCCTGCTTGTTGAGGCCTTCCTATGTTTTGAGTGGGTCTGCTATGAAT
GTGGTATTCTCTGAGGATGAGATGAAAAAATTCCTAGAAGAGGCGACTAGAGTTTCTCAG
GCCACGCCAGTGGTGCTGACAAAATTTGTTGAAGGGGCCCGAGAAGTAGAAATGGACGCT
GTTGGCAAAGATGGAAGGGTTATCTCTCATGCCATCTCTGAACATGTTGAAGATGCAGGT
GTCCACTCGGAGAATGCCACTCTGATGCTGCCCACACAAACCATCAGCCAAGGGGCCATT
GAAAAGGTGAAGGATGCTACCCGGAAGATTGCAAAGGCTTTTGCCATCTCTGGTCCATTC
AACGTCCAATTTCTTGTCAAAGGAAATGATGTCTTGGTGAATGAGTGTAACTTGAGAGCT
TCTCGATCCTTCCCCTCTGTTTCCAAGACTCTTGGGGTTGACTTCATTGATGTGGCCACC
AAGGTGTTGATTGGAGAGAATGTTGATGAGAAACATCTTCCAACATTGGACCATCCCATA
ATTCCTGTTGACTATGTTGCAATTAAGGCTCCCATGTTTTCCTGGCCCCGGTTGAGGGAT
GCTGACCCCATTCTGAGATGTGAGATGGCTTCCACTGGAGAGGTGGCTTGCTTTGGTGAA
GGTATTCATACAGCCTTCCTAAAGGCAATGCTTTCCACAGGATTTAAGATACCCCAGAAA
GGCATCCTGATAGGCATCCAGCAATCATTCCGGCCAAGATTCCTTGGTGTGGCTGAACAA
TTACACAATGAAGGTTTCAAGCTGTTTGCCACGGAAGCCACATCAGACTGGCTCAACGCC
AACAATGTCCCTGCCAACCCAGTGGCATGGCCGTCTCAAGAAGGACAGAATCCCAGCCTC
TCTTCCATCAGAAAATTGATTAGAGATGGCAGCATTGACCTAGTGATTAACCTTCCCAAC
AACAACACTAAATTTGTCCATGATAATTATGTGATTCGGAGGACAGCTGTTGATAGTGGA
ATCCCTCTCCTCACTAATTTTCAGGTGACCAAACTTTTTGCTGAAGCTGTGCAGAAATCT
CGCAAGGTGGACTCCAAGAGTCTTTTCCACTACAGGCAGTACAGTGCTGGAAAAGCAGCA
TAG
Enzyme 23 GenBank Gene ID D90282 Link Image
Enzyme 23 GeneCard ID CPS1 Link Image
Enzyme 23 GenAtlas ID CPS1 Link Image
Enzyme 23 HGNC ID HGNC:2323 Link Image
Enzyme 23 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 23 Locus 2q35
Enzyme 23 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 23 General References
  1. Haraguchi Y, Uchino T, Takiguchi M, Endo F, Mori M, Matsuda I: Cloning and sequence of a cDNA encoding human carbamyl phosphate synthetase I: molecular analysis of hyperammonemia. Gene. 1991 Nov 15;107(2):335-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Finckh U, Kohlschutter A, Schafer H, Sperhake K, Colombo JP, Gal A: Prenatal diagnosis of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I deficiency by identification of a missense mutation in CPS1. Hum Mutat. 1998;12(3):206-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Funghini S, Donati MA, Pasquini E, Zammarchi E, Morrone A: Structural organization of the human carbamyl phosphate synthetase I gene (CPS1) and identification of two novel genetic lesions. Hum Mutat. 2003 Oct;22(4):340-1. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Aoshima T, Kajita M, Sekido Y, Kikuchi S, Yasuda I, Saheki T, Watanabe K, Shimokata K, Niwa T: Novel mutations (H337R and 238-362del) in the CPS1 gene cause carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I deficiency. Hum Hered. 2001;52(2):99-101. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 23 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 24 [top]
Enzyme 24 ID 5597
Enzyme 24 Name Type I inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase
Enzyme 24 Synonyms
  1. 5PTase
Enzyme 24 Gene Name INPP5A
Enzyme 24 Protein Sequence >Type I inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 
MAGKAAAPGTAVLLVTANVGSLFDDPENLQKNWLREFYQVVHTHKPHFMALHCQEFGGKN
YEASMSHVDKFVKELLSSDAMKEYNRARVYLDENYKSQEHFTALGSFYFLHESLKNIYQF
DFKAKKYRKVAGKEIYSDTLESTPMLEKEKFPQDYFPECKWSRKGFIRTRWCIADCAFDL
VNIHLFHDASNLVAWETSPSVYSGIRHKALGYVLDRIIDQRFEKVSYFVFGDFNFRLDSK
SVVETLCTKATMQTVRAADTNEVVKLIFRESDNDRKVMLQLEKKLFDYFNQEVFRDNNGT
ALLEFDKELSVFKDRLYELDISFPPSYPYSEDARQGEQYMNTRCPAWCDRILMSPSAKEL
VLRSESEEKVVTYDHIGPNVCMGDHKPVFLAFRIMPGAGKPHAHVHKCCVVQ
Enzyme 24 Number of Residues 412
Enzyme 24 Molecular Weight 47820
Enzyme 24 Theoretical pI 7.04
Enzyme 24 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • inositol or phosphatidylinositol phosphatase activity
  • phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
  • phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 24 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 24 Specific Function Major isoenzyme hydrolyzing the calcium-mobilizing second messenger Ins(1,4,5)P3, this is a signal-terminating reaction
Enzyme 24 Pathways
Enzyme 24 Reactions
  • (1) D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + phosphate
  • (2) 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + phosphate
Enzyme 24 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 24 Signals
  • 1-22
Enzyme 24 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 24 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 24 GenBank ID Protein 556769 Link Image
Enzyme 24 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q14642 Link Image
Enzyme 24 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name I5P1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 24 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 24 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 24 Gene Sequence >1239 bp 
ATGGCGGGGAAGGCGGCCGCCCCGGGCACCGCGGTGCTGCTGGTCACGGCCAACGTGGGC
TCGCTCTTCGACGACCCAGAAAACCTGCAGAAGAACTGGCTTCGGGAATTTTACCAGGTC
GTGCACACACACAAGCCGCACTTCATGGCCTTGCACTGTCAGGAGTTTGGAGGGAAGAAC
TACGAGGCCTCCATGTCCCACGTGGACAAGTTCGTCAAAGAACTATTGTCGAGTGATGCG
ATGAAAGAATATAACAGGGCTCGAGTCTACCTGGATGAAAACTACAAATCCCAGGAGCAC
TTCACGGCACTAGGAAGCTTTTATTTTCTTCATGAGTCCTTAAAAAACATCTACCAGTTT
GACTTTAAAGCTAAGAAGTATAGAAAGGTCGCTGGCAAAGAGATCTACTCGGATACCTTA
GAGAGCACGCCCATGCTGGAGAAGGAGAAGTTTCCGCAGGACTACTTCCCCGAGTGCAAA
TGGTCAAGAAAAGGCTTCATCCGGACGAGGTGGTGCATTGCAGACTGTGCCTTTGACTTG
GTGAATATCCATCTTTTCCATGATGCTTCCAATCTGGTCGCCTGGGAAACAAGCCCTTCC
GTGTACTCGGGAATCCGGCACAAGGCACTGGGCTACGTGCTGGACAGAATCATTGATCAG
CGATTCGAGAAGGTTTCCTACTTTGTATTTGGTGATTTCAACTTCCGGCTGGATTCCAAG
TCCGTCGTGGAGACGCTCTGCACAAAAGCCACCATGCAGACGGTCCGGGCCGCCGACACC
AATGAAGTGGTGAAGCTCATATTTCGTGAGTCGGACAACGACCGGAAGGTTATGCTCCAG
TTAGAAAAGAAACTCTTCGACTACTTCAACCAGGAGGTTTTCCGAGACAACAACGGCACC
GCGCTCTTGGAGTTTGACAAGGAGTTGTCTGTCTTTAAGGACAGACTGTATGAACTGGAC
ATCTCGTTCCCTCCCAGCTACCCGTACAGTGAGGACGCCCGCCAGGGTGAGCAGTACATG
AACACCCGGTGCCCAGCCTGGTGTGACCGCATCCTCATGTCCCCGTCTGCCAAGGAGCTG
GTGCTGCGGTCGGAGAGCGAGGAGAAGGTTGTCACCTATGACCACATTGGGCCCAACGTC
TGCATGGGAGACCACAAGCCCGTGTTCCTGGCCTTCCGAATCATGCCCGGGGCAGGTAAA
CCTCATGCCCATGTGCACAAGTGTTGTGTCGTGCAGTGA
Enzyme 24 GenBank Gene ID X77567 Link Image
Enzyme 24 GeneCard ID INPP5A Link Image
Enzyme 24 GenAtlas ID INPP5A Link Image
Enzyme 24 HGNC ID HGNC:6076 Link Image
Enzyme 24 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 24 Locus 10q26.3
Enzyme 24 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 24 General References
  1. De Smedt F, Verjans B, Mailleux P, Erneux C: Cloning and expression of human brain type I inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase. High levels of mRNA in cerebellar Purkinje cells. FEBS Lett. 1994 Jun 20;347(1):69-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Laxminarayan KM, Chan BK, Tetaz T, Bird PI, Mitchell CA: Characterization of a cDNA encoding the 43-kDa membrane-associated inositol-polyphosphate 5-phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jun 24;269(25):17305-10. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 24 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 25 [top]
Enzyme 25 ID 5598
Enzyme 25 Name Inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase
Enzyme 25 Synonyms
  1. IPPase
  2. IPP
Enzyme 25 Gene Name INPP1
Enzyme 25 Protein Sequence >Inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase 
MSDILRELLCVSEKAANIARACRQQEALFQLLIEEKKEGEKNKKFAVDFKTLADVLVQEV
IKQNMENKFPGLEKNIFGEESNEFTNDWGEKITLRLCSTEEETAELLSKVLNGNKVASEA
LARVVHQDVAFTDPTLDSTEINVPQDILGIWVDPIDSTYQYIKGSADIKSNQGIFPCGLQ
CVTILIGVYDIQTGVPLMGVINQPFVSRDPNTLRWKGQCYWGLSYMGTNMHSLQLTISRR
NGSETHTGNTGSEAAFSPSFSAVISTSEKETIKAALSRVCGDRIFGAAGAGYKSLCVVQG
LVDIYIFSEDTTFKWDSCAAHAILRAMGGGIVDLKECLERNPETGLDLPQLVYHVENEGA
AGVDRWANKGGLIAYRSRKRLETFLSLLVQNLAPAETHT
Enzyme 25 Number of Residues 399
Enzyme 25 Molecular Weight 43998
Enzyme 25 Theoretical pI 4.91
Enzyme 25 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • inositol or phosphatidylinositol phosphatase activity
  • phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
  • phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 25 General Function Inorganic ion transport and metabolism
Enzyme 25 Specific Function 1D-myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + H(2)O = 1D- myo-inositol 4-phosphate + phosphate
Enzyme 25 Pathways
Enzyme 25 Reactions
  • 1D-myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + phosphate
Enzyme 25 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 25 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 25 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 25 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 25 GenBank ID Protein 186426 Link Image
Enzyme 25 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49441 Link Image
Enzyme 25 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name INPP_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 25 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 25 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 25 Gene Sequence >1200 bp 
ATGTCAGATATCCTCCGGGAGCTGCTCTGTGTCTCTGAGAAGGCTGCTAACATTGCCCGG
GCGTGCAGACAGCAGGAAGCCCTCTTCCAGCTGCTGATCGAAGAAAAGAAAGAGGGAGAA
AAGAACAAGAAGTTTGCAGTTGACTTCAAGACTCTGGCTGATGTACTGGTACAGGAAGTT
ATAAAACAGAATATGGAGAACAAGTTTCCAGGCTTGGAAAAAAATATTTTTGGAGAAGAA
TCCAATGAGTTTACTAATGACTGGGGGGAAAAGATTACCTTGAGGTTGTGTTCAACAGAG
GAAGAAACAGCAGAGCTTCTTAGCAAAGTCCTCAATGGTAACAAGGTAGCATCTGAAGCA
TTAGCCAGGGTTGTTCATCAGGATGTTGCCTTTACTGACCCAACTCTGGATTCCACAGAG
ATCAATGTTCCACAGGACATTTTGGGAATTTGGGTGGACCCCATAGATTCAACTTATCAG
TATATAAAAGGTTCTGCTGACATTAAATCCAACCAGGGAATCTTCCCCTGTGGACTTCAG
TGTGTCACCATTTTAATTGGTGTCTATGACATACAGACAGGGGTTCCCCTGATGGGAGTC
ATCAATCAACCTTTTGTGTCACGAGATCCAAACACCCTCAGGTGGAAAGGACAGTGCTAT
TGGGGCCTTTCTTACATGGGGACCAACATGCATTCACTACAGCTCACCATCTCTAGAAGA
AACGGCAGTGAAACACACACTGGAAACACCGGCTCTGAGGCAGCATTCTCCCCCAGTTTT
TCAGCCGTAATTAGTACAAGTGAAAAGGAGACTATCAAAGCTGCATTGTCACGTGTGTGT
GGAGATCGCATATTTGGGGCAGCTGGGGCTGGTTATAAGAGCCTATGTGTTGTCCAAGGC
CTCGTTGACATTTACATCTTTTCAGAAGATACCACATTCAAATGGGACTCTTGTGCTGCT
CATGCCATACTGCGGGCCATGGGTGGGGGAATAGTAGACTTGAAAGAATGCTTAGAAAGA
AATCCAGAAACAGGGCTTGATTTGCCACAGTTGGTGTACCACGTGGAAAATGAGGGTGCT
GCTGGGGTGGATCGGTGGGCCAACAAGGGAGGACTCATTGCATACAGATCCAGGAAGCGG
CTGGAGACATTCCTGAGCCTCCTGGTCCAAAACCTGGCACCTGCAGAGACGCATACCTAG
Enzyme 25 GenBank Gene ID L08488 Link Image
Enzyme 25 GeneCard ID INPP1 Link Image
Enzyme 25 GenAtlas ID INPP1 Link Image
Enzyme 25 HGNC ID HGNC:6071 Link Image
Enzyme 25 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 25 Locus 2q32
Enzyme 25 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 25 General References
  1. York JD, Veile RA, Donis-Keller H, Majerus PW: Cloning, heterologous expression, and chromosomal localization of human inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jun 15;90(12):5833-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Lovlie R, Gulbrandsen AK, Molven A, Steen VM: Genomic structure and sequence analysis of a human inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase gene (INPP1). Pharmacogenetics. 1999 Aug;9(4):517-28. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 25 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 26 [top]
Enzyme 26 ID 5600
Enzyme 26 Name Skeletal muscle and kidney-enriched inositol phosphatase
Enzyme 26 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 26 Gene Name SKIP
Enzyme 26 Protein Sequence >Skeletal muscle and kidney-enriched inositol phosphatase 
MSSRKLSGPKGRRLSIHVVTWNVASAAPPLDLSDLLQLNNRNLNLDIYVIGLQELNSGII
SLLSDAAFNDSWSSFLMDVLSPLSFIKVSHVRMQGILLLVFAKYQHLPYIQILSTKSTPT
GLFGYWGNKGGVNICLKLYGYYVSIINCHLPPHISNNYQRLEHFDRILEMQNCEGRDIPN
ILDHDLIIWFGDMNFRIEDFGLHFVRESIKNRCYGGLWEKDQLSIAKKHDPLLREFQEGR
LLFPPTYKFDRNSNDYDTSEKKRKPAWTDRILWRLKRQPCAGPDTPIPPASHFSLSLRGY
SSHMTYGISDHKPVSGTFDLELKPLVSAPLIVLMPEDLWTVENDMMVSYSSTSDFPSSPW
DWIGLYKVGLRDVNDYVSYAWVGDSKVSCSDNLNQVYIDISNIPTTEDEFLLCYYSNSLR
SVVGISRPFQIPPGSLREDPLGEAQPQI
Enzyme 26 Number of Residues 448
Enzyme 26 Molecular Weight 51091
Enzyme 26 Theoretical pI 6.51
Enzyme 26 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • inositol or phosphatidylinositol phosphatase activity
  • phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
  • phosphoric monoester hydrolase activity
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 26 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 26 Specific Function Inositol 5-phosphatase which acts on inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate, inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate. Has 6-fold higher affinity for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate than for inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate. May negatively regulate assembly of the actin cytoskeleton
Enzyme 26 Pathways
Enzyme 26 Reactions
  • (1) D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + phosphate
  • (2) 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + phosphate
Enzyme 26 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 26 Signals
  • 1-26
Enzyme 26 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 26 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 26 GenBank ID Protein 7209855 Link Image
Enzyme 26 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9BT40 Link Image
Enzyme 26 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SKIP_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 26 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 26 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 26 Gene Sequence >1347 bp 
ATGAGCTCGCGGAAGCTGAGCGGGCCGAAAGGCAGGAGGCTCAGCATACACGTCGTGACT
TGGAACGTGGCTTCGGCAGCGCCCCCTCTAGATCTCAGTGACCTGCTTCAGCTGAACAAC
CGGAACCTCAATCTTGACATATATGTTATTGGTTTGCAGGAATTGAACTCTGGGATCATA
AGCCTCCTTTCCGATGCTGCCTTTAATGACTCGTGGAGCAGTTTCCTCATGGATGTGCTT
TCCCCTCTGAGCTTCATCAAGGTCTCCCATGTCCGTATGCAGGGGATCCTCTTACTGGTC
TTTGCCAAGTATCAGCATTTGCCCTATATCCAGATTCTGTCTACTAAATCCACCCCCACT
GGCCTGTTTGGGTACTGGGGGAACAAAGGTGGAGTCAACATCTGCCTGAAGCTTTATGGC
TACTATGTCAGCATCATCAACTGCCACCTGCCTCCCCACATTTCCAACAATTACCAGCGG
CTGGAGCACTTTGACCGGATCCTGGAGATGCAGAATTGTGAGGGGCGAGACATCCCAAAC
ATCCTGGACCACGACCTCATTATCTGGTTTGGAGACATGAACTTTCGGATCGAGGACTTT
GGGTTGCACTTTGTTCGGGAATCCATTAAAAATCGGTGCTACGGTGGCCTGTGGGAGAAG
GACCAGCTCAGCATTGCCAAGAAACATGACCCGCTGCTCCGGGAGTTCCAGGAGGGCCGC
CTACTCTTCCCGCCCACCTACAAGTTTGATAGGAACTCCAACGACTATGACACCAGTGAG
AAAAAACGCAAGCCTGCATGGACCGATCGCATCCTGTGGAGGCTGAAGCGGCAGCCCTGT
GCTGGCCCCGACACTCCCATACCGCCGGCGTCACACTTCTCCTTGTCTCTGAGGGGCTAC
AGCAGCCACATGACGTACGGCATCAGCGACCACAAGCCTGTCTCCGGCACGTTCGACTTG
GAGCTGAAGCCATTGGTGTCTGCTCCGCTGATCGTCCTGATGCCCGAGGACCTGTGGACC
GTGGAAAATGACATGATGGTCAGCTACTCTTCAACCTCGGACTTCCCCAGCAGCCCGTGG
GACTGGATTGGACTGTACAAGGTGGGGCTGCGGGACGTTAATGACTACGTGTCCTATGCC
TGGGTCGGGGACAGCAAGGTCTCCTGCAGCGACAACCTGAACCAGGTTTACATCGACATC
AGCAATATCCCTACCACTGAAGATGAGTTTCTCCTCTGTTACTACAGAAACAGTCTGCGT
TCTGTGGTGGGGATAAGAAGACCCTTCCAGATCCCGCCTGGCTCCTTGAGGGAGGACCCA
CTGGGTGAAGCACAGCCACAGATCTGA
Enzyme 26 GenBank Gene ID AB036829 Link Image
Enzyme 26 GeneCard ID Not Available
Enzyme 26 GenAtlas ID Not Available
Enzyme 26 HGNC ID Not Available
Enzyme 26 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 26 Locus 17p13.3
Enzyme 26 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 26 General References
  1. Ijuin T, Mochizuki Y, Fukami K, Funaki M, Asano T, Takenawa T: Identification and characterization of a novel inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 2000 Apr 14;275(15):10870-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gurung R, Tan A, Ooms LM, McGrath MJ, Huysmans RD, Munday AD, Prescott M, Whisstock JC, Mitchell CA: Identification of a novel domain in two mammalian inositol-polyphosphate 5-phosphatases that mediates membrane ruffle localization. The inositol 5-phosphatase skip localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and translocates to membrane ruffles following epidermal growth factor stimulation. J Biol Chem. 2003 Mar 28;278(13):11376-85. Epub 2003 Jan 20. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 26 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 27 [top]
Enzyme 27 ID 5601
Enzyme 27 Name Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase precursor
Enzyme 27 Synonyms
  1. Lactase-glycosylceramidase[Includes: Lactase
Enzyme 27 Gene Name LCT
Enzyme 27 Protein Sequence >Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase precursor 
MELSWHVVFIALLSFSCWGSDWESDRNFISTAGPLTNDLLHNLSGLLGDQSSNFVAGDKD
MYVCHQPLPTFLPEYFSSLHASQITHYKVFLSWAQLLPAGSTQNPDEKTVQCYRRLLKAL
KTARLQPMVILHHQTLPASTLRRTEAFADLFADYATFAFHSFGDLVGIWFTFSDLEEVIK
ELPHQESRASQLQTLSDAHRKAYEIYHESYAFQGGKLSVVLRAEDIPELLLEPPISALAQ
DTVDFLSLDLSYECQNEASLRQKLSKLQTIEPKVKVFIFNLKLPDCPSTMKNPASLLFSL
FEAINKDQVLTIGFDINEFLSCSSSSKKSMSCSLTGSLALQPDQQQDHETTDSSPASAYQ
RVWEAFANQSRAERDAFLQDTFPEGFLWGASTGAFNVEGGWAEGGRGVSIWDPRRPLNTT
EGQATLEVASDSYHKVASDVALLCGLRAQVYKFSISWSRIFPMGHGSSPSLPGVAYYNKL
IDRLQDAGIEPMATLFHWDLPQALQDHGGWQNESVVDAFLDYAAFCFSTFGDRVKLWVTF
HEPWVMSYAGYGTGQHPPGISDPGVASFKVAHLVLKAHARTWHHYNSHHRPQQQGHVGIV
LNSDWAEPLSPERPEDLRASERFLHFMLGWFAHPVFVDGDYPATLRTQIQQMNRQCSHPV
AQLPEFTEAEKQLLKGSADFLGLSHYTSRLISNAPQNTCIPSYDTIGGFSQHVNHVWPQT
SSSWIRVVPWGIRRLLQFVSLEYTRGKVPIYLAGNGMPIGESENLFDDSLRVDYFNQYIN
EVLKAIKEDSVDVRSYIARSLIDGFEGPSGYSQRFGLHHVNFSDSSKSRTPRKSAYFFTS
IIEKNGFLTKGAKRLLPPNTVNLPSKVRAFTFPSEVPSKAKVVWEKFSSQPKFERDLFYH
GTFRDDFLWGVSSSAYQIEGAWDADGKGPSIWDNFTHTPGSNVKDNATGDIACDSYHQLD
ADLNMLRALKVKAYRFSISWSRIFPTGRNSSINSHGVDYYNRLINGLVASNIFPMVTLFH
WDLPQALQDIGGWENPALIDLFDSYADFCFQTFGDRVKFWMTFNEPMYLAWLGYGSGEFP
PGVKDPGWAPYRIAHTVIKAHARVYHTYDEKYRQEQKGVISLSLSTHWAEPKSPGVPRDV
EAADRMLQFSLGWFAHPIFRNGDYPDTMKWKVGNRSELQHLATSRLPSFTEEEKRFIRAT
ADVFCLNTYYSRIVQHKTPRLNPPSYEDDQEMAEEEDPSWPSTAMNRAAPWGTRRLLNWI
KEEYGDIPIYITENGVGLTNPNTEDTDRIFYHKTYINEALKAYRLDGIDLRGYVAWSLMD
NFEWLNGYTVKFGLYHVDFNNTNRPRTARASARYYTEVITNNGMPLAREDEFLYGRFPEG
FIWSAASAAYQIEGAWRADGKGLSIWDTFSHTPLRVENDAIGDVACDSYHKIAEDLVTLQ
NLGVSHYRFSISWSRILPDGTTRYINEAGLNYYVRLIDTLLAASIQPQVTIYHWDLPQTL
QDVGGWENETIVQRFKEYADVLFQRLGDKVKFWITLNEPFVIAYQGYGYGTAAPGVSNRP
GTAPYIVGHNLIKAHAEAWHLYNDVYRASQGGVISITISSDWAEPRDPSNQEDVEAARRY
VQFMGGWFAHPIFKNGDYNEVMKTRIRDRSLAAGLNKSRLPEFTESEKRRINGTYDFFGF
NHYTTVLAYNLNYATAISSFDADRGVASIADRSWPDSGSFWLKMTPFGFRRILNWLKEEY
NDPPIYVTENGVSQREETDLNDTARIYYLRTYINEALKAVQDKVDLRGYTVWSAMDNFEW
ATGFSERFGLHFVNYSDPSLPRIPKASAKFYASVVRCNGFPDPATGPHACLHQPDAGPTI
SPVRQEEVQFLGLMLGTTEAQTALYVLFSLVLLGVCGLAFLSYKYCKRSKQGKTQRSQQE
LSPVSSF
Enzyme 27 Number of Residues 1927
Enzyme 27 Molecular Weight 218604
Enzyme 27 Theoretical pI 6.30
Enzyme 27 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • glucosidase activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds
  • hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Process
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 27 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Enzyme 27 Specific Function LPH splits lactose in the small intestine
Enzyme 27 Pathways
Enzyme 27 Reactions
  • lactose + H2O = D-galactose + D-glucose
Enzyme 27 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 27 Signals
  • 1-19
Enzyme 27 Transmembrane Regions
  • 1883-1901
Enzyme 27 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 27 GenBank ID Protein 34400 Link Image
Enzyme 27 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P09848 Link Image
Enzyme 27 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name LPH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 27 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 27 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 27 Gene Sequence >5784 bp 
ATGGAGCTGTCTTGGCATGTAGTCTTTATTGCCCTGCTAAGTTTTTCATGCTGGGGGTCA
GACTGGGAGTCTGATAGAAATTTCATTTCCACCGCTGGTCCTCTAACCAATGACTTGCTG
CACAACCTGAGTGGTCTCCTGGGAGACCAGAGTTCTAACTTTGTAGCAGGGGACAAAGAC
ATGTATGTTTGTCACCAGCCACTGCCCACTTTCCTGCCAGAATACTTCAGCAGTCTCCAT
GCCAGTCAGATCACCCATTATAAGGTATTTCTGTCATGGGCACAGCTCCTCCCAGCAGGA
AGCACCCAGAATCCAGACGAGAAAACAGTGCAGTGCTACCGGCGACTCCTCAAGGCCCTC
AAGACTGCACGGCTTCAGCCCATGGTCATCCTGCACCACCAGACCCTCCCTGCCAGCACC
CTCCGGAGAACCGAAGCCTTTGCTGACCTCTTCGCCGACTATGCCACATTCGCCTTCCAC
TCCTTCGGGGACCTAGTTGGGATCTGGTTCACCTTCAGTGACTTGGAGGAAGTGATCAAG
GAGCTTCCCCACCAGGAATCAAGAGCGTCACAACTCCAGACCCTCAGTGATGCCCACAGA
AAAGCCTATGAGATTTACCACGAAAGCTATGCTTTTCAGGGCGGAAAACTCTCTGTTGTC
CTGCGAGCTGAAGATATCCCGGAGCTCCTGCTAGAACCACCCATATCTGCGCTTGCCCAG
GACACGGTCGATTTCCTCTCTCTTGATTTGTCTTATGAATGCCAAAATGAGGCAAGTCTG
CGGCAGAAGCTGAGTAAATTGCAGACCATTGAGCCAAAAGTGAAAGTTTTCATCTTCAAC
CTAAAACTCCCAGACTGCCCCTCCACCATGAAGAACCCAGCCAGTCTGCTCTTCAGCCTT
TTTGAAGCCATAAATAAAGACCAAGTGCTCACCATTGGGTTTGATATTAATGAGTTTCTG
AGTTGTTCATCAAGTTCCAAGAAAAGCATGTCTTGTTCTCTGACTGGCAGCCTGGCCCTT
CAGCCTGACCAGCAGCAGGACCACGAGACCACGGACTCCTCTCCTGCCTCTGCCTATCAG
AGAGTCTGGGAAGCATTTGCCAATCAGTCCAGAGCGGAAAGGGATGCCTTCCTGCAGGAT
ACTTTCCCTGAAGGCTTCCTCTGGGGTGCCTCCACAGGAGCCTTTAACGTGGAAGGAGGC
TGGGCCGAGGGTGGGAGAGGGGTGAGCATCTGGGATCCACGCAGGCCCCTGAACACCACT
GAGGGCCAAGCGACGCTGGAGGTGGCCAGCGACAGTTACCACAAGGTAGCCTCTGACGTC
GCCCTGCTTTGCGGCCTCCGGGCTCAGGTGTACAAGTTCTCCATCTCCTGGTCCCGGATC
TTCCCCATGGGGCACGGGAGCAGCCCCAGCCTCCCAGGCGTTGCCTACTACAACAAGCTG
ATTGACAGGCTACAGGATGCGGGCATCGAGCCCATGGCCACGCTGTTCCACTGGGACCTG
CCTCAGGCCCTGCAGGATCATGGTGGATGGCAGAATGAGAGCGTGGTGGATGCCTTCCTG
GACTATGCGGCCTTCTGCTTCTCCACATTTGGGGACCGTGTGAAGCTGTGGGTGACCTTC
CATGAGCCGTGGGTGATGAGCTACGCAGGCTATGGCACCGGCCAGCACCCTCCCGGCATC
TCTGACCCAGGAGTGGCCTCTTTTAAGGTGGCTCACTTGGTCCTCAAGGCTCATGCCAGA
ACTTGGCACCACTACAACAGCCATCATCGCCCACAGCAGCAGGGGCACGTGGGCATTGTG
CTGAACTCAGACTGGGCAGAACCCCTGTCTCCAGAGAGGCCTGAGGACCTGAGAGCCTCT
GAGCGCTTCTTGCACTTCATGCTGGGCTGGTTTGCACACCCCGTCTTTGTGGATGGAGAC
TACCCAGCCACCCTGAGGACCCAGATCCAACAGATGAACAGACAGTGCTCCCATCCTGTG
GCTCAACTCCCCGAGTTCACAGAGGCAGAGAAGCAGCTCCTGAAAGGCTCTGCTGATTTT
CTGGGTCTGTCGCATTACACCTCCCGCCTCATCAGCAACGCCCCACAAAACACCTGCATC
CCTAGCTATGATACCATTGGAGGCTTCTCCCAACACGTGAACCATGTGTGGCCCCAGACC
TCATCCTCTTGGATTCGTGTGGTGCCCTGGGGGATAAGGAGGCTGTTGCAGTTTGTATCC
CTGGAATACACAAGAGGAAAAGTTCCAATATACCTTGCCGGGAATGGCATGCCCATAGGG
GAAAGTGAAAATCTCTTTGATGATTCCTTAAGAGTAGACTACTTCAATCAATATATCAAT
GAGGTGCTCAAGGCTATCAAGGAAGACTCTGTGGATGTTCGTTCCTACATTGCTCGTTCC
CTCATTGATGGCTTCGAAGGCCCTTCTGGTTACAGCCAGCGGTTTGGCCTGCACCACGTC
AACTTCAGCGACAGCAGCAAGTCAAGGACTCCCAGGAAATCTGCCTACTTTTTCACTAGC
ATCATAGAAAAGAACGGTTTCCTCACCAAGGGGGCAAAAAGACTGCTACCACCTAATACA
GTAAACCTCCCCTCCAAAGTCAGAGCCTTCACTTTTCCATCTGAGGTGCCCTCCAAGGCT
AAAGTCGTTTGGGAAAAGTTCTCCAGCCAACCCAAGTTCGAAAGAGATTTGTTCTACCAC
GGGACGTTTCGGGATGACTTTCTGTGGGGCGTGTCCTCTTCCGCTTATCAGATTGAAGGC
GCGTGGGATGCCGATGGCAAAGGCCCCAGCATCTGGGATAACTTTACCCACACACCAGGG
AGCAATGTGAAAGACAATGCCACTGGAGACATCGCCTGTGACAGCTATCACCAGCTGGAT
GCCGATCTGAATATGCTCCGAGCTTTGAAGGTGAAGGCCTACCGCTTCTCTATCTCCTGG
TCTCGGATTTTCCCAACTGGGAGAAACAGCTCTATCAACAGTCATGGGGTTGATTATTAC
AACAGGCTGATCAATGGCTTGGTGGCAAGCAACATCTTTCCCATGGTGACATTGTTCCAT
TGGGACCTGCCCCAGGCCCTCCAGGATATCGGAGGCTGGGAGAATCCTGCCTTGATTGAC
TTGTTTGACAGCTACGCAGACTTTTGTTTCCAGACCTTTGGTGATAGAGTCAAGTTTTGG
ATGACTTTTAATGAGCCCATGTACCTGGCATGGCTAGGTTATGGCTCAGGGGAATTTCCC
CCAGGGGTGAAGGACCCAGGCTGGGCACCATATAGGATAGCCCACACCGTCATCAAAGCC
CATGCCAGAGTCTATCACACGTACGATGAGAAATACAGGCAGGAGCAGAAGGGGGTCATC
TCGCTGAGCCTCAGTACACACTGGGCAGAGCCCAAGTCACCAGGGGTCCCCAGAGATGTG
GAAGCCGCTGACCGAATGCTGCAGTTCTCCCTGGGCTGGTTTGCTCACCCCATTTTTAGA
AACGGAGACTATCCTGACACCATGAAGTGGAAAGTGGGGAACAGGAGTGAACTGCAGCAC
TTAGCCACCTCCCGCCTGCCAAGCTTCACTGAGGAAGAGAAGAGGTTCATCAGGGCGACG
GCCGACGTCTTCTGCCTCAACACGTACTACTCCAGAATCGTGCAGCACAAAACACCCAGG
CTAAACCCACCCTCCTACGAAGACGACCAGGAGATGGCTGAGGAGGAGGACCCTTCGTGG
CCTTCCACGGCAATGAACAGAGCTGCGCCCTGGGGGACGCGAAGGCTGCTGAACTGGATC
AAGGAAGAGTATGGTGACATCCCCATTTACATCACCGAAAACGGAGTGGGGCTGACCAAT
CCGAACACGGAGGATACTGATAGGATATTTTACCACAAAACCTACATCAATGAGGCTTTG
AAAGCCTACAGGCTCGATGGTATAGACCTTCGAGGGTATGTCGCCTGGTCTCTGATGGAC
AACTTTGAGTGGCTAAATGGCTACACGGTCAAGTTTGGACTGTACCATGTTGATTTCAAC
AACACGAACAGGCCTCGCACAGCAAGAGCCTCCGCCAGGTACTACACAGAGGTCATTACC
AACAACGGCATGCCACTGGCCAGGGAGGATGAGTTTCTGTACGGACGGTTTCCTGAGGGC
TTCATCTGGAGTGCAGCTTCTGCTGCATATCAGATTGAAGGTGCGTGGAGAGCAGATGGC
AAAGGACTCAGCATTTGGGACACGTTTTCTCACACACCACTGAGGGTTGAGAACGATGCC
ATTGGAGACGTGGCCTGTGACAGTTATCACAAGATTGCTGAGGATCTGGTCACCCTGCAG
AACCTGGGTGTGTCCCACTACCGTTTTTCCATCTCCTGGTCTCGCATCCTCCCTGATGGA
ACCACCAGGTACATCAATGAAGCGGGCCTGAACTACTACGTGAGGCTCATCGATACACTG
CTGGCCGCCAGCATCCAGCCCCAGGTGACCATTTACCACTGGGACCTACCACAGACGCTC
CAAGATGTAGGAGGCTGGGAGAATGAGACCATCGTGCAGCGGTTTAAGGAGTATGCAGAT
GTGCTCTTCCAGAGGCTGGGAGACAAGGTGAAGTTTTGGATCACGTTGAATGAGCCCTTT
GTCATTGCTTACCAGGGCTATGGCTACGGAACAGCAGCTCCAGGAGTCTCCAATAGGCCT
GGCACTGCCCCCTACATTGTTGGCCACAATCTAATAAAGGCTCATGCTGAGGCCTGGCAT
CTGTACAACGATGTGTACCGCGCCAGTCAAGGTGGCGTGATTTCCATCACCATCAGCAGT
GACTGGGCTGAACCCAGAGATCCCTCTAACCAGGAGGATGTGGAGGCAGCCAGGAGATAT
GTTCAGTTCATGGGAGGCTGGTTTGCACATCCTATTTTCAAGAATGGAGATTACAATGAG
GTGATGAAGACGCGGATCCGTGACAGGAGCTTGGCTGCAGGCCTCAACAAGTCTCGGCTG
CCAGAATTTACAGAGAGTGAGAAGAGGAGGATCAACGGCACCTATGACTTTTTTGGGTTC
AATCACTACACCACTGTCCTCGCCTACAACCTCAACTATGCCACTGCCATCTCTTCTTTT
GATGCAGACAGAGGAGTTGCTTCCATCGCAGATCGCTCGTGGCCAGACTCTGGCTCCTTC
TGGCTGAAGATGACGCCTTTTGGCTTCAGGAGGATCCTGAACTGGTTAAAGGAGGAATAC
AATGACCCTCCAATTTATGTCACAGAGAATGGAGTGTCCCAGCGGGAAGAAACAGACCTC
AATGACACTGCAAGGATCTACTACCTTCGGACTTACATCAATGAGGCCCTCAAAGCTGTG
CAGGACAAGGTGGACCTTCGAGGATACACAGTTTGGAGTGCGATGGACAATTTTGAGTGG
GCCACAGGCTTTTCAGAGAGATTTGGTCTGCATTTTGTGAACTACAGTGACCCTTCTCTG
CCAAGGATCCCCAAAGCATCAGCGAAGTTCTACGCCTCTGTGGTCCGATGCAATGGCTTC
CCTGACCCCGCTACAGGGCCTCACGCTTGTCTCCACCAGCCAGATGCTGGACCCACCATC
AGCCCCGTGAGACAGGAGGAGGTGCAGTTCCTGGGGCTAATGCTCGGCACCACAGAAGCA
CAGACAGCTTTGTACGTTCTCTTTTCTCTTGTGCTTCTTGGAGTCTGTGGCTTGGCATTT
CTGTCATACAAGTACTGCAAGCGCTCTAAGCAAGGGAAAACACAACGAAGCCAACAGGAA
TTGAGCCCGGTGTCTTCATTCTGA
Enzyme 27 GenBank Gene ID X07994 Link Image
Enzyme 27 GeneCard ID LCT Link Image
Enzyme 27 GenAtlas ID LCT Link Image
Enzyme 27 HGNC ID HGNC:6530 Link Image
Enzyme 27 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 27 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 27 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 27 General References
  1. Mantei N, Villa M, Enzler T, Wacker H, Boll W, James P, Hunziker W, Semenza G: Complete primary structure of human and rabbit lactase-phlorizin hydrolase: implications for biosynthesis, membrane anchoring and evolution of the enzyme. EMBO J. 1988 Sep;7(9):2705-13. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Boll W, Wagner P, Mantei N: Structure of the chromosomal gene and cDNAs coding for lactase-phlorizin hydrolase in humans with adult-type hypolactasia or persistence of lactase. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 May;48(5):889-902. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 27 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 28 [top]
Enzyme 28 ID 5606
Enzyme 28 Name Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form
Enzyme 28 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 28 Gene Name PYGL
Enzyme 28 Protein Sequence >Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form 
MAKPLTDQEKRRQISIRGIVGVENVAELKKSFNRHLHFTLVKDRNVATTRDYYFALAHTV
RDHLVGRWIRTQQHYYDKCPKRVYYLSLEFYMGRTLQNTMINLGLQNACDEAIYQLGLDI
EELEEIEEDAGLGNGGLGRLAACFLDSMATLGLAAYGYGIRYEYGIFNQKIRDGWQVEEA
DDWLRYGNPWEKSRPEFMLPVHFYGKVEHTNTGTKWIDTQVVLALPYDTPVPGYMNNTVN
TMRLWSARAPNDFNLRDFNVGDYIQAVLDRNLAENISRVLYPNDNFFEGKELRLKQEYFV
VAATLQDIIRRFKASKFGSTRGAGTVFDAFPDQVAIQLNDTHPALAIPELMRIFVDIEKL
PWSKAWELTQKTFAYTNHTVLPEALERWPVDLVEKLLPRHLEIIYEINQKHLDRIVALFP
KDVDRLRRMSLIEEEGSKRINMAHLCIVGSHAVNGVAKIHSDIVKTKVFKDFSELEPDKF
QNKTNGITPRRWLLLCNPGLAELIAEKIGEDYVKDLSQLTKLHSFLGDDVFLRELAKVKQ
ENKLKFSQFLETEYKVKINPSSMFDVQVKRIHEYKRQLLNCLHVITMYNRIKKDPKKLFV
PRTVIIGGKAAPGYHMAKMIIKLITSVADVVNNDPMVGSKLKVIFLENYRVSLAEKVIPA
TDLSEQISTAGTEASGTGNMKFMLNGALTIGTMDGANVEMAEEAGEENLFIFGMRIDDVA
ALDKKGYEAKEYYEALPELKLVIDQIDNGFFSPKQPDLFKDIINMLFYHDRFKVFADYEA
YVKCQDKVSQLYMNPKAWNTMVLKNIAASGKFSSDRTIKEYAQNIWNVEPSDLKISLSNE
SNKVNGN
Enzyme 28 Number of Residues 847
Enzyme 28 Molecular Weight 97150
Enzyme 28 Theoretical pI 7.17
Enzyme 28 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • phosphorylase activity
  • pyridoxal phosphate binding
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups
  • transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
  • vitamin binding
Process
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 28 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Enzyme 28 Specific Function Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties
Enzyme 28 Pathways
Enzyme 28 Reactions
  • (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n + phosphate = (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n-1 + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
Enzyme 28 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 28 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 28 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 28 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 28 GenBank ID Protein 183353 Link Image
Enzyme 28 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P06737 Link Image
Enzyme 28 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PYGL_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 28 PDB ID 1L7X Link Image
Enzyme 28 PDB File Show
Enzyme 28 3D Structure
Enzyme 28 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 28 Gene Sequence >2544 bp 
ATGGGCGAACCGCTGACAGACCAGGAGAAGCGGCGGCAGATCAGCATCCGCGGCATCGTG
GGCGTGGAGAACGTGGCAGAGCTGAAGAAGAGTTTCAACCGGCACCTGCACTTCACGCTG
GTCAAGGACCGCAACGTGGCCACCACCCGCGACTACTACTTCGCGCTGGCGCACACGGTG
CGGGACCACCTGGTGGGGCGCTGGATCCGCACGCAGCAGCACTACTACGACAAGTGCCCC
AAGAGGGAATATTACCTCTCTCTGGAATTTTACATGGGCCGAACATTACAGAACACCATG
ATCAACCTCGGTCTGCAAAATGCCTGTGATGAGGCCATTTACCAGCTTGGATTGGATATA
GAAGAGTTAGAAGAAATTGAAGAAGATGCTGGACTTGGCAATGGTGGTCTTGGGAGACTT
GCTGCCTGCTTCTTGGATTCCATGGCAACCCTGGGACTTGCAGCCTATGGATACGGCATT
CGGTATGAATATGGGATTTTCAATCAGAAGATCCGAGATGGATGGCAGGTAGAAGAAGCA
GATGATTGGCTCAGATATGGAAACCCTTGGGAGAAGTCCCGCCCAGAATTCATGCTGCCT
GTGCACTTCTATGGAAAAGTAGAACACACCAACACCGGGACCAAGTGGATTGACACTCAA
GTGGTCCTGGCTCTGCCATATGACACCCCCGAGCCCGGCTACATGAATAACACTGTCAAC
ACCATGCGCCTCTGGTCTGCTCGGGCACCAAATGACTTTAACCTCAGAGACTTTAATGTT
GGAGACTACATTCAGGCTGTGCTGGACCGAAACCTGGCCGAGAACATCTCCCGGGTCCTC
TATCCCAATGACAATTTTTTTGAAGGGAAGGAGCTAAGATTGAAGCAGGAATACTTTGTG
GTGGCTGCAACCTTGCAAGATATCATCCGCCGTTTCAAAGCCTCCAAGTTTGGCTCCACC
CGTGGTCAAGGAACTGTGTTTGATGCCTTCCCGGATCAGGTGGCCATCCAGCTGAATGAT
ACTCACCCTCGCATCGCGATCCCTGAGCTGATGAGGATTTTTGTGGATATTGAAAAACTG
CCCTGGTCCAAGGCATGGGAGCTCAACCAGAAGACCTTCGCCTACACCAACCACACAGTG
CTCCCGGAAGCCCTGGAGCGCTGGCCCGTGGACCTGGTGGAGAAGCTGCTCCCTCGACAT
TTGGAAATCATTTATGAGATAAATCAGAAGCATTTAGATAGAATTGTGGCCTTGTTTCCT
AAAGATGTGGACCCTCTGAGAAGGATGTCTCTGATAGAAGAGGAAGGAAGCAAAAGGATC
AACATGGCCCATCTCTGCATTGTCGGTTCCCATGCTGTGAATGGCGTGGCTAAAATCCAC
TCAGACATCGTGAAGACTAAAGTATTCAAGGACTTCAGTGAGCTAGAACCTGACAAGTTT
CAGAATAAAACCAATGGGATCACTCCAAGGCGCTGGCTCCTACTCTGCAACCCAGGACTT
GCAGAGCTCATAGCAGAGAAAATTGGAGAAGACTATGTGAAAGACCTGAGCCAGCTGACG
AAGCTCCACAGCTTCCTGGGTGATGATGTCTTCCTCCGGGAACTCGCCAAGGTGAAGCAG
GAGAATAAGCTGAAGTTTTCTCAGTTCCTGGAGACGGAGTACAAAGTGAAGATCAACCCA
TCCTCCATGTTTGATGTCCAGGTGAAGAGGATACATGAGTACAAGCGACAGCTCTTGAAC
TGTCTGCATGTGATCACGATGTACAACCGCATTAAGAAAGACCCTAAGAAGTTATTCGTG
CCAAGGACAGTTATCATTGGTGGTAAAGCTGCCCCAGGATATCACATGGCCAAAATGATC
ATAAAGCTGATCACTTCAGTGGCAGATGTGGTGAACAATGACCCTATGGTTGGAAGCAAG
TTGAAAGTCATCTTCTTGGAGAACTACAGAGTATCTCTTGCTGAAAAAGTCATTCCAGCC
ACAGATCTGTCAGAGCAGATTTCCACTGCAGGCACCGAAGCCTCGGGGACAGGCAATATG
AAGTTCATGCTAAATGGGGCCCTAACTATCGGGACCATGGATGGGGCCAATGTGGAAATG
GCAGAAGAAGCTGGGGAAGAGAACCTGTTCATCTTTGGCATGAGCATAGATGATGTGGCT
GCTTTGGACAAGAAAGGGTACGAGGCAAAAGAATACTATGAGGCACTTCCAGAGCTGAAG
CTGGTCATTGATCAAATTGACAATGGCTTTTTTTCTCCCAAGCAGCCTGACCTCTTCAAA
GATATCATCAACATGCTATTTTATCATGACAGGTTTAAAGTCTTTGCAGACTACGAAGCC
TATGTCAAGTGTCAAGATAAAGTGAGTCAGCTGTACATGAATCCAAAGGCCTGGAACACA
ATGGTACTCAAAAACATAGCTGCCTCGGGGAAATTCTCCAGTGACCGAACAATTAAAGAA
TATGCCCAAAACATCTGGAACGTGGAACCTTCAGATCTAAAGATTTCTCTATCCAATGAA
TCTAACAAAGTCAATGGAAATTGA
Enzyme 28 GenBank Gene ID M14636 Link Image
Enzyme 28 GeneCard ID PYGL Link Image
Enzyme 28 GenAtlas ID PYGL Link Image
Enzyme 28 HGNC ID HGNC:9725 Link Image
Enzyme 28 Chromosome Location 14
Enzyme 28 Locus 14q21-q22
Enzyme 28 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 28 General References
  1. Newgard CB, Nakano K, Hwang PK, Fletterick RJ: Sequence analysis of the cDNA encoding human liver glycogen phosphorylase reveals tissue-specific codon usage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(21):8132-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Chang S, Rosenberg MJ, Morton H, Francomano CA, Biesecker LG: Identification of a mutation in liver glycogen phosphorylase in glycogen storage disease type VI. Hum Mol Genet. 1998 May;7(5):865-70. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Burwinkel B, Bakker HD, Herschkovitz E, Moses SW, Shin YS, Kilimann MW: Mutations in the liver glycogen phosphorylase gene (PYGL) underlying glycogenosis type VI. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Apr;62(4):785-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gorin FA, Mullinax RL, Ignacio PC, Neve RL, Kurnit DM: McArdle's & Hers' diseases: glycogen phosphorylase transcriptional expression in human tissues. J Neurogenet. 1987 Dec;4(6):293-308. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Rath VL, Ammirati M, Danley DE, Ekstrom JL, Gibbs EM, Hynes TR, Mathiowetz AM, McPherson RK, Olson TV, Treadway JL, Hoover DJ: Human liver glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors bind at a new allosteric site. Chem Biol. 2000 Sep;7(9):677-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Rath VL, Ammirati M, LeMotte PK, Fennell KF, Mansour MN, Danley DE, Hynes TR, Schulte GK, Wasilko DJ, Pandit J: Activation of human liver glycogen phosphorylase by alteration of the secondary structure and packing of the catalytic core. Mol Cell. 2000 Jul;6(1):139-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Ekstrom JL, Pauly TA, Carty MD, Soeller WC, Culp J, Danley DE, Hoover DJ, Treadway JL, Gibbs EM, Fletterick RJ, Day YS, Myszka DG, Rath VL: Structure-activity analysis of the purine binding site of human liver glycogen phosphorylase. Chem Biol. 2002 Aug;9(8):915-24. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 28 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 29 [top]
Enzyme 29 ID 5610
Enzyme 29 Name Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form
Enzyme 29 Synonyms
  1. Myophosphorylase
Enzyme 29 Gene Name PYGM
Enzyme 29 Protein Sequence >Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form 
MSRPLSDQEKRKQISVRGLAGVENVTELKKNFNRHLHFTLVKDRNVATPRDYYFALAHTV
RDHLVGRWIRTQQHYYEKDPKRIYYLSLEFYMGRTLQNTMVNLALENACDEATYQLGLDM
EELEEIEEDAGLGNGGLGRLAACFLDSMATLGLAAYGYGIRYEFGIFNQKISGGWQMEEA
DDWLRYGNPWEKARPEFTLPVHFYGHVEHTSQGAKWVDTQVVLAMPYDTPVPGYRNNVVN
TMRLWSAKAPNDFNLKDFNVGGYIQAVLDRNLAENISRVLYPNDNFFEGKELRLKQEYFV
VAATLQDIIRRFKSSKFGCRDPVRTNFDAFPDKVAIQLNDTHPSLAIPELMRILVDLERM
DWDKAWDVTVRTCAYTNHTVLPEALERWPVHLLETLLPRHLQIIYEINQRFLNRVAAAFP
GDVDRLRRMSLVEEGAVKRINMAHLCIAGSHAVNGVARIHSEILKKTIFKDFYELEPHKF
QNKTNGITPRRWLVLCNPGLAEVIAERIGEDFISDLDQLRKLLSFVDDEAFIRDVAKVKQ
ENKLKFAAYLEREYKVHINPNSLFDIQVKRIHEYKRQLLNCLHVITLYNRIKREPNKFFV
PRTVMIGGKAAPGYHMAKMIIRLVTAIGDVVNHDPAVGDRLRVIFLENYRVSLAEKVIPA
ADLSEQISTAGTEASGTGNMKFMLNGALTIGTMDGANVEMAEEAGEENFFIFGMRVEDVD
KLDQRGYNAQEYYDRIPELRQVIEQLSSGFFSPKQPDLFKDIVNMLMHHDRFKVFADYED
YIKCQEKVSALYKNPREWTRMVIRNIATSGKFSSDRTIAQYAREIWGVEPSRQRLPAPDE
AI
Enzyme 29 Number of Residues 842
Enzyme 29 Molecular Weight 97093
Enzyme 29 Theoretical pI 7.03
Enzyme 29 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • phosphorylase activity
  • pyridoxal phosphate binding
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups
  • transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
  • vitamin binding
Process
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 29 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Enzyme 29 Specific Function Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties
Enzyme 29 Pathways
Enzyme 29 Reactions
  • (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n + phosphate = (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n-1 + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
Enzyme 29 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 29 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 29 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 29 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 29 GenBank ID Protein 190784 Link Image
Enzyme 29 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P11217 Link Image
Enzyme 29 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PYGM_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 29 PDB ID 1XL1 Link Image
Enzyme 29 PDB File Show
Enzyme 29 3D Structure
Enzyme 29 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 29 Gene Sequence >2529 bp 
ATGTCCCGGCCCCTGTCAGACCAAGAGAAAAGAAAGCAAATCAGTGTGCGTGGCCTGGCC
GGCGTGGAGAACGTGACTGAGCTGAAAAAGAACTTCAACCGGCACCTGCATTTCACACTC
GTAAAGGACCGCAATGTGGCCACCCCACGAGACTACTACTTTGCTCTGGCCCATACCGTG
CGCGACCACCTCGTGGGGCGGTGGATCCGCACGCAGCAGCACTACTATGAGAAGGACCCC
AAGAGGATCTACTACCTGTCTTTAGAGTTCTATATGGGACGGACGCTACAGAACACCATG
GTGAACCTGGCCTTAGAGAATGCCTGTGACGAGGCCACCTACCAGCTGGGCCTGGACATG
GAGGAGCTGGAGGAAATTGAGGAGGATGCGGGGCTGGGCAACGGGGGCCTGGGCCGGCTG
GCAGCCTGCTTTCTTGACTCCATGGCAACACTGGGCCTGGCTGCCTATGGCTACGGGATT
CGCTATGAGTTTGGGATTTTTAACCAGAAGATCTCCGGGGGCTGGCAGATGGAGGAGGCC
GATGACTGGCTTCGCTACGGCAACCCCTGGGAGAAGGCCCGGCCCGAGTTCACGCTACCT
GTGCACTTCTACGGCCATGTGGAGCACACCAGCCAGGGTGCCAAGTGGGTGGACACACAG
GTGGTACTGGCCATGCCCTACGATACCCCGGTGCCTGGCTATCGCAACAATGTTGTCAAC
ACCATGCGCCTCTGGTCTGCCAAGGCTCCCAATGACTTCAACCTCAAGGACTTCAATGTC
GGTGGCTACATCCAGGCTGTGTTGGACCGAAACCTGGCGGAGAACATCTCTCGTGTCCTG
TACCCCAATGATAATTTCTTCGAAGGGAAGGAGCTGCGGCTGAAGCAGGAGTATTTCGTG
GTGGCTGCCACCCTCCAGGACATCATCCGTCGCTTCAAGTCTTCCAAGTTCGGCTGCCGT
GATCCCGTGCGCACGAACTTCGATGCCTTCCCAGATAAGGTGGCCATCCAGCTCAATGAC
ACCCACCCCTCCCTGGCCATCCCCGAGCTGATGAGGATCCTGGTGGACCTGGAACGGATG
GACTGGGACAAGGCGTGGGATGTGACAGTGAGGACCTGTGCCTACACCAACCACACGGTG
CTGCCCGAGGCCCTGGAGCGCTGGCCGGTGCACCTCTTGGAGACGCTGCTGCCGCGGCAC
CTCCAGATCATCTACGAGATCAACCAGCGCTTCCTCAACCGGGTGGCGGCCGCATTCCCA
GGGGACGTAGACCGGCTGCGGCGCATGTCGCTGGTGGAGGAGGGCGCAGTGAAGCGCATC
AACATGGCACACCTGTGCATCGCGGGGTCGCACGCCGTCAACGGTGTGGCCCGCATCCAC
TCGGAGATCCTCAAGAAGACCATCTTCAAAGACTTCTATGAGCTGGAGCCTCATAAGTTC
CAGAATAAGACCAACGGCATCACCCCTCGGCGCTGGCTGGTTCTGTGTAACCCCGGGCTG
GCAGAGGTCATTGCTGAGCGCATCGGGGAGGACTTCATCTCTGACCTGGACCAGCTGCGC
AAACTGCTCTCCTTTGTGGATGATGAAGCTTTCATTCGGGATGTGGCCAAAGTGAAGCAG
GAAAACAAGTTGAAGTTTGCTGCCTACCTAGAGAGGGAATACAAAGTCCACATCAACCCC
AACTCACTCTTCGACATCCAGGTGAAGCGGATTCACGAATATAAACGACAGCTCCTCAAC
TGCCTCCATGTCATCACCCTGTACAACCGCATCAAGAGGGAGCCCAATAAGTTTTTTGTG
CCTCGGACTGTGATGATTGGAGGGAAGGCTGCACCTGGGTACCACATGGCCAAGATGATC
ATCAGACTCGTCACAGCCATCGGGGATGTGGTCAACCATGACCCGGCAGTGGGTGACCGC
CTCCGTGTCATCTTCCTGGAGAACTACCGAGTCTCACTGGCCGAGAAAGTGATCCCAGCT
GCAGACCTCTCTGAGCAGATCTCCACTGCGGGCACTGAAGCCTCAGGCACCGGCAACATG
AAGTTCATGCTCAACGGGGCTCTGACCATTGGCACCATGGACGGGGCCAATGTGGAGATG
GCAGAAGAGGCGGGAGAGGAAAACTTCTTCATCTTTGGCATGCGGGTGGAGGATGTGGAT
AAGCTTGACCAAAGAGGGTACAATGCCCAGGAGTACTACGATCGCATTCCTGAGCTTCGG
CAGGTCATTGAGCAGCTGAGCAGTGGCTTCTTCTCCCCCAAACAACCCGACCTGTTCAAG
GACATTGTCAATATGCTCATGCACCATGACCGGTTTAAAGTCTTCGCAGATTATGAAGAC
TACATTAAATGCCAGGAGAAAGTCAGCGCCTGGTACAAGAACCCAAGAGAGTGGACGCGG
ATGGTGATCCGGAACATAGCCACTTCTGGCAAGTTCTCCAGTGACCGCACCATTGCCCAG
TATGCCCGGGAGATCTGGGGTGTGGAGCCTTCCCGCCAGCGCCTGCCAGCCCCGGATGAG
GCCATCTGA
Enzyme 29 GenBank Gene ID M32598 Link Image
Enzyme 29 GeneCard ID PYGM Link Image
Enzyme 29 GenAtlas ID PYGM Link Image
Enzyme 29 HGNC ID HGNC:9726 Link Image
Enzyme 29 Chromosome Location 11
Enzyme 29 Locus 11q12-q13.2
Enzyme 29 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 29 General References
  1. Burke J, Hwang P, Anderson L, Lebo R, Gorin F, Fletterick R: Intron/exon structure of the human gene for the muscle isozyme of glycogen phosphorylase. Proteins. 1987;2(3):177-87. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hwang PK, See YP, Vincentini AM, Powers MA, Fletterick RJ, Crerar MM: Comparative sequence analysis of rat, rabbit, and human muscle glycogen phosphorylase cDNAs. Eur J Biochem. 1985 Oct 15;152(2):267-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gautron S, Daegelen D, Mennecier F, Dubocq D, Kahn A, Dreyfus JC: Molecular mechanisms of McArdle's disease (muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency). RNA and DNA analysis. J Clin Invest. 1987 Jan;79(1):275-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Tsujino S, Shanske S, DiMauro S: Molecular genetic heterogeneity of myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease). N Engl J Med. 1993 Jul 22;329(4):241-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Tsujino S, Shanske S, Martinuzzi A, Heiman-Patterson T, DiMauro S: Two novel missense mutations (E654K, L396P) in Caucasian patients with myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease). Hum Mutat. 1995;6(3):276-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Tsujino S, Shanske S, Nonaka I, DiMauro S: The molecular genetic basis of myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease). Muscle Nerve. 1995;3:S23-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Vorgerd M, Kubisch C, Burwinkel B, Reichmann H, Mortier W, Tettenborn B, Pongratz D, Lindemuth R, Tegenthoff M, Malin JP, Kilimann MW: Mutation analysis in myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease). Ann Neurol. 1998 Mar;43(3):326-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Gamez J, Fernandez R, Bruno C, Andreu AL, Cervera C, Navarro C, Schwartz S, Dimauro S: A new mutation in the regulatory domain of the myophosphorylase gene affecting protein dimer contact. Muscle Nerve. 1999 Aug;22(8):1136-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Andreu AL, Bruno C, Tamburino L, Gamez J, Shanske S, Cervera C, Navarro C, DiMauro S: A new mutation in the myophosphorylase gene (Asn684Tyr) in a Spanish patient with McArdle's disease. Neuromuscul Disord. 1999 May;9(3):171-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Rubio JC, Martin MA, Garcia A, Campos Y, Cabello A, Culebras JM, Arenas J: McArdle's disease associated with homozygosity for the missense mutation Gly204Ser of the myophosphorylase gene in a Spanish patient. Neuromuscul Disord. 1999 May;9(3):174-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Fernandez R, Navarro C, Andreu AL, Bruno C, Shanske S, Gamez J, Teijeira S, Hernandez I, Teijeiro A, Fernandez JM, Musumeci O, DiMauro S: A novel missense mutation (W797R) in the myophosphorylase gene in Spanish patients with McArdle disease. Arch Neurol. 2000 Feb;57(2):217-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Rubio JC, Martin MA, Campos Y, Auciello R, Cabello A, Arenas J: A missense mutation W797R in the myophosphorylase gene in a Spanish patient with McArdle's disease. Muscle Nerve. 2000 Jan;23(1):129-31. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Rubio JC, Martin MA, Campos Y, Cabello A, Arenas J: A missense mutation T487N in the myophosphorylase gene in a Spanish patient with McArdle's disease. Neuromuscul Disord. 2000 Feb;10(2):138-40. [PubMed Link Image]
  14. Martin MA, Rubio JC, Campos Y, Ricoy JR, Cabello A, Arenas J: A homozygous missense mutation (A659D) in the myophosphorylase gene in a Spanish patient with McArdle's disease. Neuromuscul Disord. 2000 Aug;10(6):447-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  15. Martin MA, Rubio JC, Buchbinder J, Fernandez-Hojas R, del Hoyo P, Teijeira S, Gamez J, Navarro C, Fernandez JM, Cabello A, Campos Y, Cervera C, Culebras JM, Andreu AL, Fletterick R, Arenas J: Molecular heterogeneity of myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease): a genotype-phenotype correlation study. Ann Neurol. 2001 Nov;50(5):574-81. [PubMed Link Image]
  16. Bruno C, Lanzillo R, Biedi C, Iadicicco L, Minetti C, Santoro L: Two new mutations in the myophosphorylase gene in Italian patients with McArdle's disease. Neuromuscul Disord. 2002 Jun;12(5):498-500. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 29 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 30 [top]
Enzyme 30 ID 5612
Enzyme 30 Name Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form
Enzyme 30 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 30 Gene Name PYGB
Enzyme 30 Protein Sequence >Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form 
MAKPLTDSEKRKQISVRGLAGLGDVAEVRKSFNRHLHFTLVKDRNVATPRDYFFALAHTV
RDHLVGRWIRTQQHYYERDPKRIYYLSLEFYMGRTLQNTMVNLGLQNACDEAIYQLGLDL
EELEEIEEDAGLGNGGLGRLAACFLDSMATLGLAAYGYGIRYEFGIFNQKIVNGWQVEEA
DDWLRYGNPWEKARPEYMLPVHFYGRVEHTPDGVKWLDTQVVLAMPYDTPVPGYKNNTVN
TMRLWSAKAPNDFKLQDFNVGDYIEAVLDRNLAENISRVLYPNDNFFEGKELRLKQEYFV
VAATLQDIIRRFKSSKFGCRDPVRTCFETFPDKVAIQLNDTHPALSIPELMRILVDVEKV
DWDKAWEITKKTCAYTNHTVLPEALERWPVSMFEKLLPRHLEIIYAINQRHLDHVAALFP
GDVDRLRRMSVIEEGDCKRINMAHLCVIGSHAVNGVARIHSEIVKQSVFKDFYELEPEKF
QNKTNGITPRRWLLLCNPGLADTIVEKIGEEFLTDLSQLKKLLPLVSDEVFIRDVAKVKQ
ENKLKFSAFLEKEYKVKINPSSMFDVHVKRIHEYKRQLLNCLHVVTLYNRIKRDPAKAFV
PRTVMIGGKAAPGYHMAKLIIKLVTSIGDVVNHDPVVGDRLKVIFLENYRVSLAEKVIPA
ADLSQQISTAGTEASGTGNMKFMLNGALTIGTMDGANVEMAEEAGAENLFIFGLRVEDVE
ALDRKGYNAREYYDHLPELKQAVDQISSGFFSPKEPDCFKDIVNMLMHHDRFKVFADYEA
YMQCQAQVDQLYRNPKEWTKKVIRNIACSGKFSSDRTITEYAREIWGVEPSDLQIPPPNI
PRD
Enzyme 30 Number of Residues 843
Enzyme 30 Molecular Weight 96697
Enzyme 30 Theoretical pI 6.85
Enzyme 30 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • phosphorylase activity
  • pyridoxal phosphate binding
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups
  • transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
  • vitamin binding
Process
  • carbohydrate metabolism
  • macromolecule metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 30 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Enzyme 30 Specific Function Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties
Enzyme 30 Pathways
Enzyme 30 Reactions
  • (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n + phosphate = (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n-1 + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate
Enzyme 30 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 30 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 30 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 30 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 30 GenBank ID Protein 307200 Link Image
Enzyme 30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P11216 Link Image
Enzyme 30 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PYGB_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 30 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 30 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 30 Gene Sequence >2592 bp 
ATGGGCGAACCGCTGACGGACAGCGAGAAGCGGAAGCAGATCAGCGTGCGCGGCCTGGCG
GGGCTAGGCGACGTGGCCGAGGTGCGGAAGAGCTTCAACCGGCACTTGCACTTCACGCTG
GTCAAGGACCGCAATGTGGCCACGCCCCGCGACTACTTCTTCGCGCTGGCGCACACGGTG
CGCGACCACCTCGTGGGCCGCTGGATCCGCACGCAGCAGCACTACTACGAGCGCGACCCC
AAGCGAATTTATTATCTTTCCCTGGAATTCTACATGGGTCGCACGCTGCAGAACACGATG
GTGAACCTGGGCCTTCAGAATGCCTGCGATGAAGCCATCTATCAGTTGGGGTTAGACTTG
GAGGAACTCGAGGAGATAGAAGAAGATGCTGGCCTTGGGAATGGAGGCCTGGGGAGGCTG
GCAGCGTGTTTCCTTGACTCAATGGCTACCTTGGGCCTGGCAGCATACGGCTATGGAATC
CGCTATGAATTTGGGATTTTTAACCAGAAGATTGTCAATGGCTGGCAGGTAGAGGAGGCC
GATGACTGGCTGCGCTACGGCAACCCCTGGGAGAAAGCGCGGCCTGAGTATATGCTTCCC
GTGCACTTCTACGGACGCGTGGAGCACACCCCCGACGGCGTGAAGTGGCTGGACACACAG
GTGGTGCTGGCCATGCCCTACGACACCCCAGTGCCCGGCTACAAGAACAACACCGTCAAC
ACCATGCGGCTGTGGTCCGCAAGGGCTCCCAACGACTTCAAGCTGCAGGACTTCAACGTG
GGAGACTACATCGAGGCGGTCCTGGACCGGAACTTGGCTGAGAACATCTCCAGGGTCCTG
TATCCAAATGATAACTTCTTTGAGGGGAAGGAGCTGCGGCTGAAGCAGGAGTACTTCGTG
GTGGGCGCCACGCTCCAGGACATCATCCGCCGCTTCAAGTCGTCCAAGTTCGGCTGCCGG
GACCCTGTGAGAACCTGTTTCGAGACGTTCCCAGACAAGGTGGCCATCCAGCTGAACGAC
ACCCACCCCGCCCTCTCCATCCCTGAGCTCATGCGGATCCTGGTGGACGTGGAGAAGGTG
GACTGGGACAAGGCCTGGGAAATCACGAAGAAGACCTGTGCATACACCAACCACACTGTG
CTGCCTGAGGCCTTGGAGCGCTGGCCCGTGTCCATGTTTGAGAAGCTGCTGCCGCGGCAC
CTGGAGATAATCTATGCCATCAACCAGCGGCACCTGGACCACGTGGCCGCGCTGTTTCCC
GGCGATGTGGACCGCCTGCGCAGGATGTCTGTGATCGAGGAGGGGGACTGCAAGCGGATC
AACATGGCCCACCTGTGTGTGATTGGGTCCCATGCTGTCAATGGTGTGGCGAGGATCCAC
TCGGAGATCGTGAAACAGTCGGTCTTTAAGGATTTTTATGAACTGGAGCCAGAGAAGTTC
CAGAATAAGACCAATGGCATCACCCCCCGCCGGTGGCTGCTGCTGTGCAACCCGGGGCTG
GCCGATACCATCGTGGAGAAAATTGGGGAGGAGTTCCTGACTGACCTGAGCCAGCTGAAG
AAGCTGCTGCCGCTGGTCAGTGACGAGGTGTTCATCAGGGACGTGGCCAAGGTCAAACAG
GAGAACAAGCTCAAGTTCTCGGCCTTCCTGGAGAAGGAGTACAAGGTGAAGATCAACCCC
TCCTCCATGTTCGATGTGCATGTGAAGAGGATCCACGAGTACAAGCGGCAGCTGCTCAAC
TGCCTGCACGTCGTCACCCTGTACAATCGAATCAAGAGAGACCCGGCCAAGGCTTTTGTG
CCCAGGACTGTTATGATTGGGGGCAAGGCAGCGCCCGGTTACCACATGGCCAAGCTGATC
ATCAAGTTGGTCACCTCCATCGGCGACGTCGTCAATCATGACCCAGTTGTGGGTGACAGG
TTGAAAGTGATCTTCCTGGAGAACTACCGTGTGTCCTTGGCTGAGAAAGTGATCCCGGCC
GCTGATCTGTCGCAGCAGATCTCCACTGCAGGCACCGAGGCCTCAGGCACAGGCAACATG
AAGTTCATGCTCAACGGGGCCCTCACCATCGGCACCATGGACGGCGCCAACGTGGAGATG
GCCGAGGAGGCCGGGGCCGAGAACCTCTTCATCTTCGGCCTGCGGGTGGAGGATGTCGAG
GCCTTGGACCGGAAAGGGTACAATGCCAGGGAGTACTACGACCACCTGCCCGAGCTGAAG
CAGGCCGTGGACCAGATCAGCAGTGGCTTTTTTTCTCCCAAGGAGCCAGACTGCTTCAAG
GACATCGTGAACATGCTGATGCACCATGACAGGTTCAAGGTGTTTGCAGACTATGAAGCC
TACATGCAGTGCCAGGCACAGGTGGACCAGCTGTACCGGAACCCCAAGGAGTGGACCAAG
AAGGTCATCAGGAACATCGCCTGCTCGGGCAAGTTCTCCAGTGACCGGACCATCACGGAG
TATGCACGGGAGATCTGGGGTGTGGAGCCCTCCGACCTGCAGCTTCAGCACCTGCCCCAC
CCAGAGTGGGAGTCAGGTGGAGCCACCTGCTGGGCTCCCCCAGAACTTTGCACACATCTT
GCTATGTATTAG
Enzyme 30 GenBank Gene ID J03544 Link Image
Enzyme 30 GeneCard ID PYGB Link Image
Enzyme 30 GenAtlas ID PYGB Link Image
Enzyme 30 HGNC ID HGNC:9723 Link Image
Enzyme 30 Chromosome Location 20
Enzyme 30 Locus 20p11.2-p11.1
Enzyme 30 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 30 General References
  1. Newgard CB, Littman DR, van Genderen C, Smith M, Fletterick RJ: Human brain glycogen phosphorylase. Cloning, sequence analysis, chromosomal mapping, tissue expression, and comparison with the human liver and muscle isozymes. J Biol Chem. 1988 Mar 15;263(8):3850-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gelinas RP, Froman BE, McElroy F, Tait RC, Gorin FA: Human brain glycogen phosphorylase: characterization of fetal cDNA and genomic sequences. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1989 Nov;6(2-3):177-85. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, Van Damme J, Staes A, Thomas GR, Vandekerckhove J: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides. Nat Biotechnol. 2003 May;21(5):566-9. Epub 2003 Mar 31. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 30 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 31 [top]
Enzyme 31 ID 5613
Enzyme 31 Name Glucose-6-phosphatase
Enzyme 31 Synonyms
  1. G6Pase
  2. G-6-Pase
Enzyme 31 Gene Name G6PC
Enzyme 31 Protein Sequence >Glucose-6-phosphatase 
MEEGMNVLHDFGIQSTHYLQVNYQDSQDWFILVSVIADLRNAFYVLFPIWFHLQEAVGIK
LLWVAVIGDWLNLVFKWILFGQRPYWWVLDTDYYSNTSVPLIKQFPVTCETGPGSPSGHA
MGTAGVYYVMVTSTLSIFQGKIKPTYRFRCLNVILWLGFWAVQLNVCLSRIYLAAHFPHQ
VVAGVLSGIAVTETFSHIHSIYNASLKKYFLITFFLFSFAIGFYLLLKGLGVDLLWTLEK
AQRWCEQPEWVHIDTTPFASLLKNLGTLFGLGLALNSSMYRESCKGKLSKWLPFRLSSIV
ASLVLLHVFDSLKPPSQVELVFYVLSFCKSAVVPLASVSVIPYCLAQVLGQPHKKSL
Enzyme 31 Number of Residues 357
Enzyme 31 Molecular Weight 40514
Enzyme 31 Theoretical pI 8.61
Enzyme 31 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 31 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 31 Specific Function May be a single membrane channel protein acting both as a hydrolase and a translocase. It is the key enzyme in homeostatic regulation of blood glucose levels
Enzyme 31 Pathways
Enzyme 31 Reactions
  • D-glucose 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucose + phosphate
Enzyme 31 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 31 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 31 Transmembrane Regions
  • 30-46 59-75 153-169 211-227 296-312 320-336
Enzyme 31 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 31 GenBank ID Protein 452444 Link Image
Enzyme 31 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P35575 Link Image
Enzyme 31 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name G6PT_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 31 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 31 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 31 Gene Sequence >1074 bp 
ATGGAGGAAGGAATGAATGTTCTCCATGACTTTGGGATCCAGTCAACACATTACCTCCAG
GTGAATTACCAAGACTCCCAGGACTGGTTCATCTTGGTGTCCGTGATCGCAGACCTCAGG
AATGCCTTCTACGTCCTCTTCCCCATCTGGTTCCATCTTCAGGAAGCTGTGGGCATTAAA
CTCCTTTGGGTAGCTGTGATTGGAGACTGGCTCAACCTCGTCTTTAAGTGGATTCTCTTT
GGACAGCGTCCATACTGGTGGGTTTTGGATACTGACTACTACAGCAACACTTCCGTGCCC
CTGATAAAGCAGTTCCCTGTAACCTGTGAGACTGGACCAGGGAGCCCCTCTGGCCATGCC
ATGGGCACAGCAGGTGTATACTACGTGATGGTCACATCTACTCTTTCCATCTTTCAGGGA
AAGATAAAGCCGACCTACAGATTTCGGTGCTTGAATGTCATTTTGTGGTTGGGATTCTGG
GCTGTGCAGCTGAATGTCTGTCTGTCACGAATCTACCTTGCTGCTCATTTTCCTCATCAA
GTTGTTGCTGGAGTCCTGTCAGGCATTGCTGTTACAGAAACTTTCAGCCACATCCACAGC
ATCTATAATGCCAGCCTCAAGAAATATTTTCTCATTACCTTCTTCCTGTTCAGCTTCGCC
ATCGGATTTTATCTGCTGCTCAAGGGACTGGGTGTAGACCTCCTGTGGACTCTGGAGAAA
GCCCAGAGGTGGTGCGAGCAGCCAGAATGGGTCCACATTGACACCACACCCTTTGCCAGC
CTCCTCAAGAACCTGGGCACGCTCTTTGGCCTGGGGCTGGCTCTCAACTCCAGCATGTAC
AGGGAGAGCTGCAAGGGGAAACTCAGCAAGTGGCTCCCATTCCGCCTCAGCTCTATTGTA
GCCTCCCTCGTCCTCCTGCACGTCTTTGACTCCTTGAAACCCCCATCCCAAGTCGAGCTG
GTCTTCTACGTCTTGTCCTTCTGCAAGAGTGCGGTAGTGCCCCTGGCATCCGTCAGTGTC
ATCCCCTACTGCCTCGCCCAGGTCCTGGGCCAGCCGCACAAGAAGTCGTTGTAA
Enzyme 31 GenBank Gene ID U01120 Link Image
Enzyme 31 GeneCard ID G6PC Link Image
Enzyme 31 GenAtlas ID G6PC Link Image
Enzyme 31 HGNC ID HGNC:4056 Link Image
Enzyme 31 Chromosome Location 17
Enzyme 31 Locus 17q21
Enzyme 31 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 31 General References
  1. Lei KJ, Shelly LL, Pan CJ, Sidbury JB, Chou JY: Mutations in the glucose-6-phosphatase gene that cause glycogen storage disease type 1a. Science. 1993 Oct 22;262(5133):580-3. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Pan CJ, Lei KJ, Chou JY: Asparagine-linked oligosaccharides are localized to a luminal hydrophilic loop in human glucose-6-phosphatase. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):21658-62. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Lei KJ, Chen YT, Chen H, Wong LJ, Liu JL, McConkie-Rosell A, Van Hove JL, Ou HC, Yeh NJ, Pan LY, et al.: Genetic basis of glycogen storage disease type 1a: prevalent mutations at the glucose-6-phosphatase locus. Am J Hum Genet. 1995 Oct;57(4):766-71. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Parvari R, Moses S, Hershkovitz E, Carmi R, Bashan N: Characterization of the mutations in the glucose-6-phosphatase gene in Israeli patients with glycogen storage disease type 1a: R83C in six Jews and a novel V166G mutation in a Muslim Arab. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1995;18(1):21-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Hwu WL, Chuang SC, Tsai LP, Chang MH, Chuang SM, Wang TR: Glucose-6-phosphatase gene G327A mutation is common in Chinese patients with glycogen storage disease type Ia. Hum Mol Genet. 1995 Jun;4(6):1095-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Lee WJ, Lee HM, Chi CS, Shu SG, Lin LY, Lin WH: Genetic analysis of the glucose-6-phosphatase mutation of type 1a glycogen storage disease in a Chinese family. Clin Genet. 1996 Oct;50(4):206-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Chevalier-Porst F, Bozon D, Bonardot AM, Bruni N, Mithieux G, Mathieu M, Maire I: Mutation analysis in 24 French patients with glycogen storage disease type 1a. J Med Genet. 1996 May;33(5):358-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Rake JP, ten Berge AM, Verlind E, Visser G, Niezen-Koning KE, Buys CH, Smit GP, Scheffer H: Glycogen storage disease type Ia: four novel mutations (175delGG, R170X, G266V and V338F) identified. Mutations in brief no. 220. Online. Hum Mutat. 1999;13(2):173. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Trioche P, Francoual J, Chalas J, Capel L, Bernard O, Labrune P: Identification of three novel mutations (Q54P, W70X and T108I) in the glucose-6-phosphatase gene of patients with glycogen storage disease type Ia. Mutation in brief no. 256. Online. Hum Mutat. 1999;14(1):91. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Seydewitz HH, Matern D: Molecular genetic analysis of 40 patients with glycogen storage disease type Ia: 100% mutation detection rate and 5 novel mutations. Hum Mutat. 2000 Jan;15(1):115-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 31 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 32 [top]
Enzyme 32 ID 5634
Enzyme 32 Name S-methyl-5-thioadenosine phosphorylase
Enzyme 32 Synonyms
  1. 5'- methylthioadenosine phosphorylase
  2. MTA phosphorylase
  3. MTAPase
Enzyme 32 Gene Name MTAP
Enzyme 32 Protein Sequence >S-methyl-5-thioadenosine phosphorylase 
MASGTTTTAVKIGIIGGTGLDDPEILEGRTEKYVDTPFGKPSDALILGKIKNVDCVLLAR
HGRQHTIMPSKVNYQANIWALKEEGCTHVIVTTACGSLREEIQPGDIVIIDQFIDRTTMR
PQSFYDGSHSCARGVCHIPMAEPFCPKTREVLIETAKKLGLRCHSKGTMVTIEGPRFSSR
AESFMFRTWGADVINMTTVPEVVLAKEAGICYASIAMATDYDCWKEHEEAVSVDRVLKTL
KENANKAKSLLLTTIPQIGSTEWSETLHNLKNMAQFSVLLPRH
Enzyme 32 Number of Residues 283
Enzyme 32 Molecular Weight 31236
Enzyme 32 Theoretical pI 7.21
Enzyme 32 GO Classification Not Available
Enzyme 32 General Function Nucleotide transport and metabolism
Enzyme 32 Specific Function Plays a major role in polyamine metabolism and is important for the salvage of both adenine and methionine
Enzyme 32 Pathways Not Available
Enzyme 32 Reactions
  • S-methyl-5-thioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
Enzyme 32 Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Enzyme 32 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 32 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 32 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 32 GenBank ID Protein 847724 Link Image
Enzyme 32 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q13126 Link Image
Enzyme 32 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name MTAP_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 32 PDB ID 1SD2 Link Image
Enzyme 32 PDB File Show
Enzyme 32 3D Structure
Enzyme 32 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 32 Gene Sequence >852 bp 
ATGGCCTCTGGCACCACCACCACCGCCGTGAAGATTGGAATAATTGGTGGAACAGGCCTG
GATGATCCAGAAATTTTAGAAGGAAGAACTGAAAAATATGTGGATACTCCATTTGGCAAG
CCATCTGATGCCTTAATTTTGGGGAAGATAAAAAATGTTGATTGCATCCTCCTTGCAAGG
CATGGAAGGCAGCACACCATCATGCCTTCAAAGGTCAACTACCAGGCGAACATCTGGGCT
TTGAAGGAAGAGGGCTGTACACATGTCATAGTGACCACAGCTTGTGGCTCCTTGAGGGAG
GAGATTCAGCCCGGCGATATTGTCATTATTGATCAGTTCATTGACAGGACCACTATGAGA
CCTCAGTCCTTCTATGATGGAAGTCATTCTTGTGCCAGAGGAGTGTGCCATATTCCAATG
GCTGAGCCGTTTTGCCCCAAAACGAGAGAGGTTCTTATAGAGACTGCTAAGAAGCTAGGA
CTCCGGTGCCACTCAAAGGGGACAATGGTCACAATCGAGGGACCTCGTTTTAGCTCCCGG
GCAGAAAGCTTCATGTTCCGCACCTGGGGGGCGGATGTTATCAACATGACCACAGTTCCA
GAGGTGGTTCTTGCTAAGGAGGCTGGAATTTGTTACGCAAGTATCGCCATGGCGACAGAT
TATGACTGCTGGAAGGAGCACGAGGAAGCAGTTTCGGTGGACCGGGTCTTAAAGACCCTG
AAAGAAAACGCTAATAAAGCCAAAAGCTTACTGCTCACTACCATACCTCAGATAGGGTCC
ACAGAATGGTCAGAAACCCTCCATAACCTGAAGAATATGGCCCAGTTTTCTGTTTTATTA
CCAAGACATTAA
Enzyme 32 GenBank Gene ID U22233 Link Image
Enzyme 32 GeneCard ID MTAP Link Image
Enzyme 32 GenAtlas ID MTAP Link Image
Enzyme 32 HGNC ID HGNC:7413 Link Image
Enzyme 32 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 32 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 32 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 32 General References
  1. Olopade OI, Pomykala HM, Hagos F, Sveen LW, Espinosa R 3rd, Dreyling MH, Gursky S, Stadler WM, Le Beau MM, Bohlander SK: Construction of a 2.8-megabase yeast artificial chromosome contig and cloning of the human methylthioadenosine phosphorylase gene from the tumor suppressor region on 9p21. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jul 3;92(14):6489-93. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Nobori T, Takabayashi K, Tran P, Orvis L, Batova A, Yu AL, Carson DA: Genomic cloning of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase: a purine metabolic enzyme deficient in multiple different cancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jun 11;93(12):6203-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Della Ragione F, Takabayashi K, Mastropietro S, Mercurio C, Oliva A, Russo GL, Della Pietra V, Borriello A, Nobori T, Carson DA, Zappia V: Purification and characterization of recombinant human 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase: definite identification of coding cDNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Jun 25;223(3):514-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Appleby TC, Erion MD, Ealick SE: The structure of human 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase at 1.7 A resolution provides insights into substrate binding and catalysis. Structure. 1999 Jun 15;7(6):629-41. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 32 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 33 [top]
Enzyme 33 ID 5655
Enzyme 33 Name S-adenosylmethionine synthetase isoform type-1
Enzyme 33 Synonyms
  1. Methionine adenosyltransferase 1
  2. AdoMet synthetase 1
  3. Methionine adenosyltransferase I/III
  4. MAT-I/III
Enzyme 33 Gene Name MAT1A
Enzyme 33 Protein Sequence >S-adenosylmethionine synthetase isoform type-1 
MNGPVDGLCDHSLSEGVFMFTSESVGEGHPDKICDQISDAVLDAHLKQDPNAKVACETVC
KTGMVLLCGEITSMAMVDYQRVVRDTIKHIGYDDSAKGFDFKTCNVLVALEQQSPDIAQC
VHLDRNEEDVGAGDQGLMFGYATDETEECMPLTIILAHKLNARMADLRRSGLLPWLRPDS
KTQVTVQYMQDNGAVIPVRIHTIVISVQHNEDITLEEMRRALKEQVIRAVVPAKYLDEDT
VYHLQPSGRFVIGGPQGDAGVTGRKIIVDTYGGWGAHGGGAFSGKDYTKVDRSAAYAARW
VAKSLVKAGLCRRVLVQVSYAIGVAEPLSISIFTYGTSQKTERELLDVVHKNFDLRPGVI
VRDLDLKKPIYQKTACYGHFGRSEFPWEVPRKLVF
Enzyme 33 Number of Residues 395
Enzyme 33 Molecular Weight 43648
Enzyme 33 Theoretical pI 6.24
Enzyme 33 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • methionine adenosyltransferase activity
  • nucleotide binding
  • purine nucleotide binding
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl (other than methyl) groups
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • one-carbon compound metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 33 General Function Coenzyme transport and metabolism
Enzyme 33 Specific Function Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP
Enzyme 33 Pathways
Enzyme 33 Reactions
  • ATP + L-methionine + H2O = phosphate + diphosphate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
Enzyme 33 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 33 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 33 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 33 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 33 GenBank ID Protein 220066 Link Image
Enzyme 33 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q00266 Link Image
Enzyme 33 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name METK1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 33 PDB ID 1O9T Link Image
Enzyme 33 PDB File Show
Enzyme 33 3D Structure
Enzyme 33 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 33 Gene Sequence >1188 bp 
ATGAATGGACCGGTGGATGGCTTGTGTGACCACTCTCTAAGTGAAGGAGTCTTCATGTTC
ACATCGGAGTCTGTGGGAGAGGGACACCCGGATAAGATCTGTGACCAGATCAGTGATGCA
GTGCTGGATGCCCATCTCAAGCAAGACCCCAATGCCAAGGTGGCCTGTGAGACAGTGTGC
AAGACCGGCATGGTGCTGCTGTGTGGTGAGATCACCTCAATGGCCATGGTGGACTACCAG
CGGGTGGTGAGGGACACCATCAAGCACATCGGCTACGATGACTCAGCCAAGGGCTTTGAC
TTCAAGACTTGCAACGTGCTGGTGGCTTTGGAGCAGCAATCCCCAGATATTGCCCAGTGC
GTCCATCTGGACAGAAATGAGGAGGATGTGGGGGCAGGAGATCAGGGTTTGATGTTCGGC
TATGCCACCGACGAGACAGAGGAGTGCATGCCCCTCACCATCATCCTTGCTCACAAGCTC
AACGCCCGGATGGCAGACCTCAGGCGCTCCGGCCTCCTCCCCTGGCTGCGGCCTGACTCT
AAGACTCAGGTGACAGTTCAGTACATGCAGGACAATGGCGCAGTCATCCCTGTGCGCATC
CACACCATCGTCATCTCTGTGCAGCACAACGAAGACATCACGCTGGAGGAGATGCGCAGG
GCCCTGAAGGAGCAAGTCATCAGGGCCGTGGTGCCGGCCAAGTACCTGGACGAAGACACC
GTCTACCACCTGCAGCCCAGTGGGCGGTTTGTCATCGGAGGTCCCCAGGGGGATGCGGGT
GTCACTGGCCGTAAGATTATTGTGGACACCTATGCGGCCTGGGGGGCTCATGGTGGTGGG
GCCTTCTCTGGGAAGGACTACACCAAGGTGGACCGCTCAGCCGCATATGCTGCCCGCTGG
GTGGCCAAGTCTCTGGTGAAAGCAGGGCTCTGCCGGAGAGTGCTTGTCCAGGTTTCCTAT
GCCATTGGTGTGGCCGAGCCGCTGTCCATTTCCATCTTCACCTACGGAACCTCTCAGAAG
ACAGAGCGAGAGCTGCTGGATGTGGTGCATAAGAACTTCGACCTCCGGCCGGGCGTCATT
GTCAGGGACTTGGATTTGAAGAAGCCCATCTACCAGAAGACAGCATGCTACGGCCATTTC
GGAAGAAGCGAGTTCCCATGGGAGGTTCCCAGGAAGCTTGTATTTTAG
Enzyme 33 GenBank Gene ID D49357 Link Image
Enzyme 33 GeneCard ID MAT1A Link Image
Enzyme 33 GenAtlas ID MAT1A Link Image
Enzyme 33 HGNC ID HGNC:6903 Link Image
Enzyme 33 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 33 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 33 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 33 General References
  1. Alvarez L, Corrales F, Martin-Duce A, Mato JM: Characterization of a full-length cDNA encoding human liver S-adenosylmethionine synthetase: tissue-specific gene expression and mRNA levels in hepatopathies. Biochem J. 1993 Jul 15;293 ( Pt 2):481-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Horikawa S, Tsukada K: Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNA encoding the human liver S-adenosylmethionine synthetase. Biochem Int. 1991 Sep;25(1):81-90. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ubagai T, Lei KJ, Huang S, Mudd SH, Levy HL, Chou JY: Molecular mechanisms of an inborn error of methionine pathway. Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1995 Oct;96(4):1943-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Chamberlin ME, Ubagai T, Mudd SH, Wilson WG, Leonard JV, Chou JY: Demyelination of the brain is associated with methionine adenosyltransferase I/III deficiency. J Clin Invest. 1996 Aug 15;98(4):1021-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Chamberlin ME, Ubagai T, Mudd SH, Levy HL, Chou JY: Dominant inheritance of isolated hypermethioninemia is associated with a mutation in the human methionine adenosyltransferase 1A gene. Am J Hum Genet. 1997 Mar;60(3):540-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Chamberlin ME, Ubagai T, Mudd SH, Thomas J, Pao VY, Nguyen TK, Levy HL, Greene C, Freehauf C, Chou JY: Methionine adenosyltransferase I/III deficiency: novel mutations and clinical variations. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Feb;66(2):347-55. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 33 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 34 [top]
Enzyme 34 ID 5755
Enzyme 34 Name Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase beta chain, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 34 Synonyms
  1. 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 2
  2. MCCase subunit beta
  3. 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA:carbon dioxide ligase subunit beta
  4. 3- methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase non-biotin-containing subunit
Enzyme 34 Gene Name MCCC2
Enzyme 34 Protein Sequence >Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase beta chain, mitochondrial precursor 
MWAVLRLALRPCARASPAGPRAYHGDSVASLGTQPDLGSALYQENYKQMKALVNQLHERV
EHIKLGGGEKARALHISRGKLLPRERIDNLIDPGSPFLELSQFAGYQLYDNEEVPGGGII
TGIGRVSGVECMIIANDATVKGGAYYPVTVKKQLRAQEIAMQNRLPCIYLVDSGGAYLPR
QADVFPDRDHFGRTFYNQAIMSSKNIAQIAVVMGSCTAGGAYVPAMADENIIVRKQGTIF
LAGPPLVKAATGEEVSAEDLGGADLHCRKSGVSDHWALDDHHALHLTRKVVRNLNYQKKL
DVTIEPSEEPLFPADELYGIVGANLKRSFDVREVIARIVDGSRFTEFKAFYGDTLVTGFA
RIFGYPVGIVGNNGVLFSESAKKGTHFVQLCCQRNIPLLFLQNITGFMVGREYEAEGIAK
DGAKMVAAVACAQVPKITLIIGGSYGAGNYGMCGRAYSPRFLYIWPNARISVMGGEQAAN
VLATITKDQRAREGKQFSSADEAALKEPIIKKFEEEGNPYYSSARVWDDGIIDPADTRLV
LGLSFSAALNAPIEKTDFGIFRM
Enzyme 34 Number of Residues 563
Enzyme 34 Molecular Weight 61334
Enzyme 34 Theoretical pI 7.75
Enzyme 34 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 34 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 34 Specific Function ATP + 3-methylcrotonoyl-CoA + HCO(3)(-) = ADP + phosphate + 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA
Enzyme 34 Pathways
  • Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 Link Image)
Enzyme 34 Reactions
  • ATP + 3-methylcrotonoyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA
Enzyme 34 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 34 Signals
  • 1-15
Enzyme 34 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 34 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 34 GenBank ID Protein 10934059 Link Image
Enzyme 34 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9HCC0 Link Image
Enzyme 34 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name MCCC2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 34 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 34 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 34 Gene Sequence >1692 bp 
ATGTGGGCCGTCCTGAGGTTAGCCCTGCGGCCGTGTGCCCGCGCCTCTCCCGCCGGGCCG
CGCGCCTATCACGGGGACTCGGTGGCCTCGCTGGGCACCCAGCCGGACTTGGGCTCTGCC
CTCTACCAGGAGAACTACAAGCAGATGAAAGCACTAGTAAATCAGCTCCATGAACGAGTG
GAGCATATAAAACTAGGAGGTGGTGAGAAAGCCCGAGCACTTCACATATCAAGAGGAAAA
CTATTGCCCAGAGAAAGAATTGACAATCTCATAGACCCAGGGTCTCCATTTCTGGAATTA
TCCCAGTTTGCAGGTTACCAGTTATATGACAATGAGGAGGTGCCAGGAGGTGGCATTATT
ACAGGCATTGGAAGAGTATCAGGAGTAGAATGCATGATTATTGCCAATGATGCCACCGTC
AAAGGAGGTGCCTACTACCCAGTGACTGTGAAAAAACAATTACGGGCCCAAGAAATTGCC
ATGCAAAACAGGCTCCCCTGCATCTACTTAGTTGATTCGGGAGGAGCATACTTACCTCGA
CAAGCAGATGTGTTTCCAGATCGAGACCACTTTGGCCGTACATTCTATAATCAGGCAATT
ATGTCTTCTAAAAATATTGCACAGATCGCAGTGGTCATGGGCTCCTGCACCGCAGGAGGA
GCCTATGTGCCTGCCATGGCTGATGAAAACATCATTGTACGCAAGCAGGGTACCATTTTC
TTGGCAGGACCCCCCTTGGTTAAAGCGGCAACTGGGGAAGAAGTATCTGCTGAGGATCTT
GGAGGTGCTGATCTTCATTGCAGAAAGTCTGGAGTAAGTGACCACTGGGCTTTGGATGAT
CATCATGCCCTTCACTTAACTAGGAAGGTTGTGAGGAATCTAAATTATCAGAAGAAATTG
GATGTCACCATTGAACCTTCTGAAGAGCCTTTATTTCCTGCTGATGAATTGTATGGAATA
GTTGGTGCTAACCTTAAGAGGAGCTTTGATGTCCGAGAGGTCATTGCTAGAATCGTGGAT
GGAAGCAGATTCACTGAGTTCAAAGCCTTTTATGGAGACACATTAGTTACAGGATTTGCT
CGAATATTTGGGTACCCAGTAGGTATCGTTGGAAACAACGGAGTTCTCTTTTCTGAATCT
GCAAAAAAGGGTACTCACTTTGTCCAGTTATGCTGCCAAAGAAATATTCCTCTGCTGTTC
CTTCAAAACATTACTGGATTTATGGTTGGTAGAGAGTATGAAGCTGAAGGAATTGCCAAG
GATGGTGCCAAGATGGTGGCCGCTGTGGCCTGTGCCCAAGTGCCTAAGATAACCCTCATC
ATTGGGGGCTCCTATGGAGCCGGAAACTATGGGATGTGTGGCAGAGCGTATAGCCCAAGA
TTTCTCTACATTTGGCCAAATGCTCGTATCTCAGTGATGGGAGGAGAGCAGGCAGCCAAT
GTGTTGGCCACGATAACAAAGGACCAAAGAGCCCGGGAAGGAAAGCAGTTCTCCAGTGCT
GATGAAGCGGCTTTAAAAGAGCCCATCATTAAGAAGTTTGAAGAGGAAGGAAACCCTTAC
TATTCCAGCGCAAGGGTATGGGATGATGGGATCATTGATCCAGCAGACACCAGACTGGTC
TTGGGTCTCAGTTTTAGTGCAGCCCTCAACGCACCAATAGAGAAGACTGACTTCGGTATC
TTCAGGATGTAA
Enzyme 34 GenBank Gene ID AB050049 Link Image
Enzyme 34 GeneCard ID MCCC2 Link Image
Enzyme 34 GenAtlas ID MCCC2 Link Image
Enzyme 34 HGNC ID HGNC:6937 Link Image
Enzyme 34 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 34 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 34 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 34 General References
  1. Holzinger A, Roschinger W, Lagler F, Mayerhofer PU, Lichtner P, Kattenfeld T, Thuy LP, Nyhan WL, Koch HG, Muntau AC, Roscher AA: Cloning of the human MCCA and MCCB genes and mutations therein reveal the molecular cause of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA: carboxylase deficiency. Hum Mol Genet. 2001 Jun 1;10(12):1299-306. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Baumgartner MR, Almashanu S, Suormala T, Obie C, Cole RN, Packman S, Baumgartner ER, Valle D: The molecular basis of human 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 2001 Feb;107(4):495-504. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 34 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 35 [top]
Enzyme 35 ID 5757
Enzyme 35 Name Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase subunit alpha, mitochondrial precursor
Enzyme 35 Synonyms
  1. 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 1
  2. MCCase subunit alpha
  3. 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA:carbon dioxide ligase subunit alpha
  4. 3- methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase biotin-containing subunit
Enzyme 35 Gene Name MCCC1
Enzyme 35 Protein Sequence >Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase subunit alpha, mitochondrial precursor 
MAAASAVSVLLVAAERNRWHRLPSLLLPPRTWVWRQRTMKYTTATGRNITKVLIANRGEI
ACRVMRTAKKLGVQTVAVYSEADRNSMHVDMADEAYSIGPAPSQQSYLSMEKIIQVAKTS
AAQAIHPGCGFLSENMEFAELCKQEGIIFIGPPPSAIRDMGIKSTSKSIMAAAGVPVVEG
YHGEDQSDQCLKEHARRIGYPVMIKAVRGGGGKGMRIVRSEQEFQEQLESARREAKKSFN
DDAMLIEKFVDTPRHVEVQVFGDHHGNAVYLFERDCSVQRRHQKIIEEAPAPGIKSEVRK
KLGEAAVRAAKAVNYVGAGTVEFIMDSKHNFCFMEMNTRLQVEHPVTEMITGTDLVEWQL
RIAAGEKIPLSQEEITLQGHAFEARIYAEDPSNNFMPVAGPLVHLSTPRADPSTRIETGV
RQGDEVSVHYDPMIAKLVVWAADRQAALTKLRYSLRQYNIVGLHTNIDFLLNLSGHPEFE
AGNVHTDFIPQHHKQLLLSRKAAAKESLCQAALGLILKEKAMTDTFTLQAHDQFSPFSSS
SGRRLNISYTRNMTLKDGKNNVAIAVTYNHDGSYSMQIEDKTFQVLGNLYSEGDCTYLKC
SVNGVASKAKLIILENTIYLFSKEGSIEIDIPVPKYLSSVSSQETQGGPLAPMTGTIEKV
FVKAGDKVKAGDSLMVMIAMKMEHTIKSPKDGTVKKVFYREGAQANRHTPLVEFEEEESD
KRESE
Enzyme 35 Number of Residues 725
Enzyme 35 Molecular Weight 80474
Enzyme 35 Theoretical pI 7.86
Enzyme 35 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • biotin binding
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
  • nucleotide binding
  • purine nucleotide binding
  • vitamin binding
Process
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 35 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 35 Specific Function ATP + 3-methylcrotonoyl-CoA + HCO(3)(-) = ADP + phosphate + 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA
Enzyme 35 Pathways
  • Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine Degradation (map00280 Link Image)
Enzyme 35 Reactions
  • ATP + 3-methylcrotonoyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA
Enzyme 35 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 35 Signals
  • 1-14
Enzyme 35 Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Enzyme 35 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 35 GenBank ID Protein 12382296 Link Image
Enzyme 35 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96RQ3 Link Image
Enzyme 35 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name MCCA_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 35 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 35 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 35 Gene Sequence >2178 bp 
ATGGCGGCGGCCTCTGCGGTGTCGGTGCTGCTGGTGGCGGCGGAGAGGAACCGGTGGCAT
CGTCTCCCGAGCCTGCTCCTGCCGCCGAGGACATGGGTGTGGAGGCAAAGAACCATGAAG
TACACAACAGCCACAGGAAGAAACATTACCAAGGTCCTCATTGCAAACAGAGGAGAAATT
GCCTGCAGGGTGATGCGCACAGCCAAAAAACTGGGTGTACAGACTGTGGCGGTTTATAGT
GAGGCTGACAGAAATTCCATGCATGTAGATATGGCAGATGAAGCATATTCCATCGGCCCC
GCTCCCTCCCAGCAGAGCTACCTATCTATGGAGAAAATCATTCAAGTGGCCAAGACCTCT
GCTGCACAGGCTATCCATCCAGGATGCGGTTTTCTTTCAGAAAACATGGAATTTGCTGAA
CTTTGTAAGCAAGAAGGAATTATTTTTATAGGCCCTCCTCCATCTGCAATTAGAGACATG
GGTATAAAGAGCACATCCAAATCCATAATGGCTGCTGCTGGAGTACCTGTTGTGGAGGGT
TATCATGGTGAGGACCAATCAGACCAGTGCCTGAAGGAACACGCCAGGAGAATTGGCTAT
CCTGTCATGATTAAAGCCGTCCGGGGTGGAGGAGGAAAAGGAATGAGGATTGTTAGATCA
GAACAAGAATTTCAAGAACAGTTAGAGTCAGCACGGAGAGAAGCTAAGAAGTCTTTCAAT
GATGATGCTATGCTGATCGAGAAGTTTGTAGACACACCGAGGCATGTAGAAGTCCAGGTG
TTTGGTGATCACCATGGCAATGCTGTGTACTTGTTTGAAAGAGACTGTAGTGTGCAGAGG
CGACATCAGAAGATCATTGAGGAGGCCCCAGCGCCTGGTATTAAATCTGAAGTAAGAAAA
AAGCTGGGAGAAGCTGCAGTCAGAGCTGCTAAAGCTGTAAATTATGTTGGAGCAGGGACT
GTGGAGTTTATTATGGACTCAAAACATAATTTCTGTTTCATGGAGATGAATACAAGGCTG
CAAGTGGAACATCCTGTTACTGAGATGATCACAGGAACTGACTTGGTGGAGTGGCAGCTT
AGAATTGCAGCAGGAGAGAAGATTCCTTTGAGCCAGGAAGAAATAACTCTGCAGGGCCAT
GCCTTCGAAGCTAGAATATATGCAGAAGATCCTAGCAATAACTTCATGCCTGTGGCAGGC
CCATTAGTGCACCTCTCTACTCCTCGAGCAGACCCTTCCACCAGGATTGAAACTGGAGTA
CGGCAAGGAGACGAAGTTTCCGTGCATTATGACCCCATGATTGCGAAGCTGGTCGTGTGG
GCAGCAGATCGCCAGGCGGCATTGACAAAACTGAGGTACAGCCTTCGTCAGTACAATATT
GTTGGACTGCACACCAACATTGACTTCTTACTCAACCTGTCTGGCCACCCAGAGTTTGAA
GCTGGGAACGTGCACACTGATTTCATCCCTCAACACCACAAACAGTTGTTGCTCAGTCGG
AAGGCTGCAGCCAAAGAGTCTTTATGCCAGGCAGCCCTGGGTCTCATCCTCAAGGAGAAA
GCCATGACCGACACTTTCACTCTTCAGGCACATGATCAATTCTCTCCATTTTCGTCTAGC
AGTGGAAGAAGACTGAATATCTCGTATACCAGAAACATGACTCTTAAAGATGGTAAAAAC
AATGTAGCCATAGCTGTAACGTATAACCATGATGGGTCTTATAGCATGCAGATTGAAGAT
AAAACTTTCCAAGTCCTTGGTAATCTTTACAGCGAGGGAGACTGCACTTACCTGAAATGT
TCTGTTAATGGAGTTGCTAGTAAAGCGAAGCTGATTATCCTGGAAAACACTATTTACCTA
TTTTCCAAGGAAGGAAGTATTGAGATTGACATTCCAGTCCCCAAATACTTATCTTCTGTG
AGCTCACAAGAAACTCAGGGCGGCCCCTTAGCTCCTATGACTGGAACCATTGAAAAGGTG
TTTGTCAAAGCTGGAGACAAAGTGAAAGCGGGAGATTCCCTCATGGTTATGATCGCCATG
AAGATGGAGCATACCATAAAGTCTCCAAAGGATGGCACAGTAAAGAAAGTGTTCTACAGA
GAAGGTGCTCAGGCCAACAGACACACTCCTTTAGTCGAGTTTGAGGAGGAAGAATCAGAC
AAAAGGGAATCGGAATAA
Enzyme 35 GenBank Gene ID AF310972 Link Image
Enzyme 35 GeneCard ID MCCC1 Link Image
Enzyme 35 GenAtlas ID MCCC1 Link Image
Enzyme 35 HGNC ID HGNC:6936 Link Image
Enzyme 35 Chromosome Location 3
Enzyme 35 Locus 3q27
Enzyme 35 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 35 General References
  1. Obata K, Fukuda T, Morishita R, Abe S, Asakawa S, Yamaguchi S, Yoshino M, Ihara K, Murayama K, Shigemoto K, Shimizu N, Kondo I: Human biotin-containing subunit of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase gene (MCCA): cDNA sequence, genomic organization, localization to chromosomal band 3q27, and expression. Genomics. 2001 Mar 1;72(2):145-52. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Holzinger A, Roschinger W, Lagler F, Mayerhofer PU, Lichtner P, Kattenfeld T, Thuy LP, Nyhan WL, Koch HG, Muntau AC, Roscher AA: Cloning of the human MCCA and MCCB genes and mutations therein reveal the molecular cause of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA: carboxylase deficiency. Hum Mol Genet. 2001 Jun 1;10(12):1299-306. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Baumgartner MR, Almashanu S, Suormala T, Obie C, Cole RN, Packman S, Baumgartner ER, Valle D: The molecular basis of human 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency. J Clin Invest. 2001 Feb;107(4):495-504. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 35 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 36 [top]
Enzyme 36 ID 5759
Enzyme 36 Name Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit
Enzyme 36 Synonyms
  1. Gamma- glutamylcysteine synthetase
  2. Gamma-ECS
  3. GCS heavy chain
Enzyme 36 Gene Name GCLC
Enzyme 36 Protein Sequence >Glutamate--cysteine ligase catalytic subunit 
MGLLSQGSPLSWEETKRHADHVRRHGILQFLHIYHAVKDRHKDVLKWGDEVEYMLVSFDH
ENKKVRLVLSGEKVLETLQEKGERTNPNHPTLWRPEYGSYMIEGTPGQPYGGTMSEFNTV
EANMRKRRKEATSILEENQALCTITSFPRLGCPGFTLPEVKPNPVEGGASKSLFFPDEAI
NKHPRFSTLTRNIRHRRGEKVVINVPIFKDKNTPSPFIETFTEDDEASRASKPDHIYMDA
MGFGMGNCCLQVTFQACSISEARYLYDQLATICPIVMALSAASPFYRGYVSDIDCRWGVI
SASVDDRTREERGLEPLKNNNYRISKSRYDSIDSYLSKCGEKYNDIDLTIDKEIYEQLLQ
EGIDHLLAQHVAHLFIRDPLTLFEEKIHLDDANESDHFENIQSTNWQTMRFKPPPPNSDI
GWRVEFRPMEVQLTDFENSAYVVFVVLLTRVILSYKLDFLIPLSKVDENMKVAQKRDAVL
QGMFYFRKDICKGGNAVVDGCGKAQNSTELAAEEYTLMSIDTIINGKEGVFPGLIPILNS
YLENMEVDVDTRCSILNYLKLIKKRASGELMTVARWMREFIANHPDYKQDSVITDEMNYS
LILKCNQIANELCECPELLGSAFRKVKYSGSKTDSSN
Enzyme 36 Number of Residues 637
Enzyme 36 Molecular Weight 72767
Enzyme 36 Theoretical pI 5.98
Enzyme 36 GO Classification
Function
  • acid-amino acid ligase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • glutamate-cysteine ligase activity
  • ligase activity
  • ligase activity, forming carbon-nitrogen bonds
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • coenzyme metabolism
  • cofactor metabolism
  • glutathione biosynthesis
  • glutathione metabolism
  • metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 36 General Function Not Available
Enzyme 36 Specific Function ATP + L-glutamate + L-cysteine = ADP + phosphate + gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine
Enzyme 36 Pathways
Enzyme 36 Reactions
  • ATP + L-glutamate + L-cysteine = ADP + phosphate + gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine
Enzyme 36 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 36 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 36 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 36 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 36 GenBank ID Protein 183039 Link Image
Enzyme 36 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P48506 Link Image
Enzyme 36 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GSH1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 36 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 36 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 36 Gene Sequence >1914 bp 
ATGGGGCTGCTGTCCCAGGGCTCGCCGCTGAGCTGGGAGGAAACCAAGCGCCATGCCGAC
CACGTGCGGCGGCACGGGATCCTCCAGTTCCTGCACATCTACCACGCCGTCAAGGACCGG
CACAAGGACGTTCTCAAGTGGGGCGATGAGGTGGAATACATGTTGGTATCTTTTGATCAT
GAAAATAAAAAAGTCCGGTTGGTCCTGTCTGGGGAGAAAGTTCTTGAAACTCTGCAAGAG
AAGGGGGAAAGGACAAACCCAAACCATCCTACCCTTTGGAGACCAGAGTATGGGAGTTAC
ATGATTGAAGGGACACCAGGACAGCCCTACGGAGGAACAATGTCCGAGTTCAATACAGTT
GAGGCCAACATGCGAAAACGCCGGAAGGAGGCTACTTCTATATTAGAAGAAAATCAGGCT
CTTTGCACAATAACTTCATTTCCCAGATTAGGCTGTCCTGGGTTCACACTGCCCGAGGTC
AAACCCAACCCAGTGGAAGGAGGAGCTTCCAAGTCCCTCTTCTTTCCAGATGAAGCAATA
AACAAGCACCCTCGCTTCAGTACCTTAACAAGAAATATCCGACATAGGAGAGGAGAAAAG
GTTGTCATCAATGTACCAATATTTAAGGACAAGAATACACCATCTCCATTTATAGAAACA
TTTACTGAGGATGATGAAGCTTCAAGGGCTTCTAAGCCGGATCATATTTACATGGATGCC
ATGGGATTTGGAATGGGCAATTGCTGTCTCCAGGTGACATTCCAAGCCTGCAGTATATCT
GAGGCCAGATACCTTTATGATCAGTTGGCTACTATCTGTCCAATTGTTATGGCTTTGAGT
GCTGCATCTCCCTTTTACCGAGGCTATGTGTCAGACATTGATTGTCGCTGGGGAGTGATT
TCTGCATCTGTAGATGATAGAACTCGGGAGGAGCGAGGACTGGAGCCATTGAAGAACAAT
AACTATAGGATCAGTAAATCCCGATATGACTCAATAGACAGCTATTTATCTAAGTGTGGT
GAGAAATATAATGACATCGACTTGACGATAGATAAAGAGATCTACGAACAGCTGTTGCAG
GAAGGCATTGATCATCTCCTGGCCCAGCATGTTGCTCATCTCTTTATTAGAGACCCACTG
ACACTGTTTGAAGAGAAAATACACCTGGATGATGCTAATGAGTCTGACCATTTTGAGAAT
ATTCAGTCCACAAATTGGCAGACAATGAGATTTAAGCCCCCTCCTCCAAACTCAGACATT
GGATGGAGAGTAGAATTTCGACCCATGGAGGTGCAATTAACAGACTTTGAGAACTCTGCC
TATGTGGTGTTTGTGGTACTGCTCACCAGAGTGATCCTTTCCTACAAATTGGATTTTCTC
ATTCCACTGTCAAAGGTTGATGAGAACATGAAGGTAGCACAGAAAAGAGATGCTGTCTTG
CAGGGAATGTTTTATTTCAGGAAAGATATTTGCAAAGGTGGCAATGCAGTGGTGGATGGT
TGTGGCAAGGCCCAGAACAGCACGGAGCTCGCTGCAGAGGAGTACACCCTCATGAGCATA
GACACCATCATCAATGGGAAGGAAGGTGTGTTTCCTGGACTGATCCCAATTCTGAACTCT
TACCTTGAAAACATGGAAGTGGATGTGGACACCAGATGTAGTATTCTGAACTACCTAAAG
CTAATTAAGAAGAGAGCATCTGGAGAACTAATGACAGTTGCCAGATGGATGAGGGAGTTT
ATCGCAAACCATCCTGACTACAAGCAAGACAGTGTCATAACTGATGAAATGAATTATAGC
CTTATTTTGAAGTGTAACCAAATTGCAAATGAATTATGTGAATGCCCAGAGTTACTTGGA
TCAGCATTTAGGAAAGTAAAATATAGTGGAAGTAAAACTGACTCATCCAACTAG
Enzyme 36 GenBank Gene ID M90656 Link Image
Enzyme 36 GeneCard ID GCLC Link Image
Enzyme 36 GenAtlas ID GCLC Link Image
Enzyme 36 HGNC ID HGNC:4311 Link Image
Enzyme 36 Chromosome Location 6
Enzyme 36 Locus 6p12
Enzyme 36 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 36 General References
  1. Gipp JJ, Chang C, Mulcahy RT: Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a full-length cDNA for human liver gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 May 29;185(1):29-35. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, Edwards CA, Ashurst JL, Wilming L, Jones MC, Horton R, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Gilbert JG, Clamp ME, Bethel G, Milne S, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Andrews TD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beare DM, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bray-Allen S, Brook J, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clark G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley V, Collier RE, Collins JE, Colman LK, Corby NR, Coville GJ, Culley KM, Dhami P, Davies J, Dunn M, Earthrowl ME, Ellington AE, Evans KA, Faulkner L, Francis MD, Frankish A, Frankland J, French L, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori MJ, Gilby LM, Gillson CJ, Glithero RJ, Grafham DV, Grant M, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths M, Hall R, Halls KS, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart EA, Heath PD, Heathcott R, Holmes SJ, Howden PJ, Howe KL, Howell GR, Huckle E, Humphray SJ, Humphries MD, Hunt AR, Johnson CM, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan SJ, Kimberley AM, King A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd CR, Lloyd DM, Loveland JE, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Maslen GL, Matthews L, McCann OT, McLaren SJ, McLay K, McMurray A, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Niblett D, Nickerson T, Novik KL, Oliver K, Overton-Larty EK, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Phillimore B, Phillips S, Plumb RW, Porter KM, Ramsey Y, Ranby SA, Rice CM, Ross MT, Searle SM, Sehra HK, Sheridan E, Skuce CD, Smith S, Smith M, Spraggon L, Squares SL, Steward CA, Sycamore N, Tamlyn-Hall G, Tester J, Theaker AJ, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tubby B, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, White SS, Whitehead SL, Whittaker H, Wild A, Willey DJ, Wilmer TE, Wood JM, Wray PW, Wyatt JC, Young L, Younger RM, Bentley DR, Coulson A, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Sulston JE, Dunham I, Rogers J, Beck S: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature. 2003 Oct 23;425(6960):805-11. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Mulcahy RT, Gipp JJ: Identification of a putative antioxidant response element in the 5'-flanking region of the human gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase heavy subunit gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Apr 6;209(1):227-33. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Beutler E, Gelbart T, Kondo T, Matsunaga AT: The molecular basis of a case of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase deficiency. Blood. 1999 Oct 15;94(8):2890-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Ristoff E, Augustson C, Geissler J, de Rijk T, Carlsson K, Luo JL, Andersson K, Weening RS, van Zwieten R, Larsson A, Roos D: A missense mutation in the heavy subunit of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene causes hemolytic anemia. Blood. 2000 Apr 1;95(7):2193-6. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 36 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 37 [top]
Enzyme 37 ID 5801
Enzyme 37 Name Uridine phosphorylase 1
Enzyme 37 Synonyms
  1. UrdPase 1
  2. UPase 1
Enzyme 37 Gene Name UPP1
Enzyme 37 Protein Sequence >Uridine phosphorylase 1 
MAATGANAEKAESHNDCPVRLLNPNIAKMKEDILYHFNLTTSRHNFPALFGDVKFVCVGG
SPSRMKAFIRCVGAELGLDCPGRDYPNICAGTDRYAMYKVGPVLSVSHGMGIPSISIMLH
ELIKLLYYARCSNVTIIRIGTSGGIGLEPGTVVITEQAVDTCFKAEFEQIVLGKRVIRKT
DLNKKLVQELLLCSAELSEFTTVVGNTMCTLDFYEGQGRLDGALCSYTEKDKQAYLEAAY
AAGVRNIEMESSVFAAMCSACGLQAAVVCVTLLNRLEGDQISSPRNVLSEYQQRPQRLVS
YFIKKKLSKA
Enzyme 37 Number of Residues 310
Enzyme 37 Molecular Weight 33935
Enzyme 37 Theoretical pI 7.95
Enzyme 37 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups
  • transferase activity, transferring pentosyl groups
  • uridine phosphorylase activity
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • nucleoside metabolism
  • nucleotide catabolism
  • nucleotide metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
  • cell
  • cytoplasm
  • intracellular
Enzyme 37 General Function Nucleotide transport and metabolism
Enzyme 37 Specific Function Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylytic cleavage of uridine and deoxyuridine to uracil and ribose- or deoxyribose-1- phosphate. The produced molecules are then utilized as carbon and energy sources or in the rescue of pyrimidine bases for nucleotide synthesis
Enzyme 37 Pathways
Enzyme 37 Reactions
  • uridine + phosphate = uracil + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
Enzyme 37 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 37 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 37 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 37 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 37 GenBank ID Protein 1050525 Link Image
Enzyme 37 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q16831 Link Image
Enzyme 37 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name UPP1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 37 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 37 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 37 Gene Sequence >933 bp 
ATGGCGGCCACGGGAGCCAATGCAGAGAAAGCTGAAAGTCACAATGATTGCCCCGTCAGA
CTTTTAAATCCAAACATAGCAAAAATGAAAGAAGATATTCTCTATCATTTCAATCTCACC
ACTAGCAGACACAATTTCCCAGCCTTGTTTGGAGATGTGAAGTTTGTGTGTGTTGGTGGA
AGCCCCTCCCGGATGAAAGCCTTCATCAGGTGCGTTGGTGCAGAGCTGGGCCTTGACTGC
CCAGGTAGAGACTATCCCAACATCTGTGCGGGAACTGACCGCTATGCCATGTATAAAGTA
GGACCGGTGCTGTCTGTCAGTCATGGTATGGGCATTCCTTCTATCTCAATCATGTTGCAT
GAGCTCATAAAGCTGCTGTACTATGCCCGGTGCTCCAACGTCACTATCATCCGCATTGGC
ACTTCTGGTGGGATAGGTCTGGAGCCCGGCACTGTGGTCATAACAGAGCAGGCAGTGGAT
ACCTGCTTCAAGGCAGAGTTTGAGCAGATTGTCCTGGGGAAGCGGGTCATCCGGAAAACG
GACCTTAACAAGAAGCTGGTGCAGGAGCTGTTGCTGTGTTCTGCAGAGCTGAGCGAGTTC
ACCACAGTGGTGGGGAACACCATGTGCACCTTGGACTTCTATGAAGGGCAAGGCCGTCTG
GATGGGGCTCTCTGCTCCTACACGGAGAAGGACAAGCAGGCGTATCTGGAGGCAGCCTAT
GCAGCCGGCGTCCGCAATATCGAGATGGAGTCCTCGGTGTTTGCCGCCATGTGCAGCGCC
TGCGGCCTCCAAGCGGCCGTGGTGTGTGTCACCCTCCTGAACCGCCTGGAAGGGGACCAG
ATCAGCAGCCCTCGCAATGTGCTCAGCGAGTACCAGCAGAGGCCGCAGCGGCTGGTGAGC
TACTTCATCAAGAAGAAACTGAGCAAGGCCTGA
Enzyme 37 GenBank Gene ID X90858 Link Image
Enzyme 37 GeneCard ID UPP1 Link Image
Enzyme 37 GenAtlas ID UPP1 Link Image
Enzyme 37 HGNC ID HGNC:12576 Link Image
Enzyme 37 Chromosome Location 7
Enzyme 37 Locus 7p12.3
Enzyme 37 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 37 General References
  1. Watanabe S, Uchida T: Cloning and expression of human uridine phosphorylase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Nov 2;216(1):265-72. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 37 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 38 [top]
Enzyme 38 ID 5805
Enzyme 38 Name Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
Enzyme 38 Synonyms
  1. Inosine phosphorylase
  2. PNP
Enzyme 38 Gene Name NP
Enzyme 38 Protein Sequence >Purine nucleoside phosphorylase 
MENGYTYEDYKNTAEWLLSHTKHRPQVAIICGSGLGGLTDKLTQAQIFDYGEIPNFPRST
VPGHAGRLVFGFLNGRACVMMQGRFHMYEGYPLWKVTFPVRVFHLLGVDTLVVTNAAGGL
NPKFEVGDIMLIRDHINLPGFSGQNPLRGPNDERFGDRFPAMSDAYDRTMRQRALSTWKQ
MGEQRELQEGTYVMVAGPSFETVAECRVLQKLGADAVGMSTVPEVIVARHCGLRVFGFSL
ITNKVIMDYESLEKANHEEVLAAGKQAAQKLEQFVSILMASIPLPDKAS
Enzyme 38 Number of Residues 289
Enzyme 38 Molecular Weight 32118
Enzyme 38 Theoretical pI 6.95
Enzyme 38 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups
  • transferase activity, transferring pentosyl groups
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 38 General Function Nucleotide transport and metabolism
Enzyme 38 Specific Function Purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
Enzyme 38 Pathways
Enzyme 38 Reactions
  • purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate
Enzyme 38 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 38 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 38 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 38 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 38 GenBank ID Protein 35565 Link Image
Enzyme 38 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P00491 Link Image
Enzyme 38 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PNPH_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 38 PDB ID 1RT9 Link Image
Enzyme 38 PDB File Show
Enzyme 38 3D Structure
Enzyme 38 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 38 Gene Sequence >870 bp 
ATGGAGAACGGATACACCTATGAAGATTATAAGAACACTGCAGAATGGCTTCTGTCTCAT
ACTAAGCACCGACCTCAAGTTGCAATAATCTGTGGTTCTGGATTAGGAGGTCTGACTGAT
AAATTAACTCAGGCCCAGATCTTTGACTACAGTGAAATCCCCAACTTTCCTCGAAGTACA
GTGCCAGGTCATGCTGGCCGACTGGTGTTTGGGTTCCTGAATGGCAGGGCCTGTGTGATG
ATGCAGGGCAGGTTCCACATGTATGAAGGGTACCCACTCTGGAAGGTGACATTCCCAGTG
AGGGTTTTCCACCTTCTGGGTGTGGACACCCTGGTAGTCACCAATGCAGCAGGAGGGCTG
AACCCCAAGTTTGAGGTTGGAGATATCATGCTGATCCGTGACCATATCAACCTACCTGGT
TTCAGTGGTCAGAACCCTCTCAGAGGGCCCAATGATGAAAGGTTTGGAGATCGTTTCCCT
GCCATGTCTGATGCCTACGACCGGACTATGAGGCAGAGGGCTCTCAGTACCTGGAAACAA
ATGGGGGAGCAACGTGAGCTACAGGAAGGCACCTATGTGATGGTGGCAGGCCCCAGCTTT
GAGACTGTGGCAGAATGTCGTGTGCTGCAGAAGCTGGGAGCAGACGCTGTTGGCATGAGT
ACAGTACCAGAAGTTATCGTTGCACGGCACTGTGGACTTCGAGTCTTTGGCTTCTCACTC
ATCACTAACAAGGTCATCATGGATTATGAAAGCCTGGAGAAGGCCAACCATGAAGAAGTC
TTAGCAGCTGGCAAACAAGCTGCACAGAAATTGGAACAGTTTGTCTCCATTCTTATGGCC
AGCATTCCACTCCCTGACAAAGCCAGTTGA
Enzyme 38 GenBank Gene ID X00737 Link Image
Enzyme 38 GeneCard ID NP Link Image
Enzyme 38 GenAtlas ID NP Link Image
Enzyme 38 HGNC ID HGNC:7892 Link Image
Enzyme 38 Chromosome Location 14
Enzyme 38 Locus 14q13.1
Enzyme 38 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 38 General References
  1. Williams SR, Goddard JM, Martin DW Jr: Human purine nucleoside phosphorylase cDNA sequence and genomic clone characterization. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jul 25;12(14):5779-87. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Williams SR, Gekeler V, McIvor RS, Martin DW Jr: A human purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency caused by a single base change. J Biol Chem. 1987 Feb 15;262(5):2332-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Yu L, Kalla K, Guthrie E, Vidrine A, Klimecki WT: Genetic variation in genes associated with arsenic metabolism: glutathione S-transferase omega 1-1 and purine nucleoside phosphorylase polymorphisms in European and indigenous Americans. Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Aug;111(11):1421-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Ealick SE, Rule SA, Carter DC, Greenhough TJ, Babu YS, Cook WJ, Habash J, Helliwell JR, Stoeckler JD, Parks RE Jr, et al.: Three-dimensional structure of human erythrocytic purine nucleoside phosphorylase at 3.2 A resolution. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jan 25;265(3):1812-20. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Aust MR, Andrews LG, Barrett MJ, Norby-Slycord CJ, Markert ML: Molecular analysis of mutations in a patient with purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Oct;51(4):763-72. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Pannicke U, Tuchschmid P, Friedrich W, Bartram CR, Schwarz K: Two novel missense and frameshift mutations in exons 5 and 6 of the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) gene in a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) patient. Hum Genet. 1996 Dec;98(6):706-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 38 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 39 [top]
Enzyme 39 ID 5824
Enzyme 39 Name Acylphosphatase-2
Enzyme 39 Synonyms
  1. Acylphosphate phosphohydrolase 2
  2. Acylphosphatase, muscle type isozyme
Enzyme 39 Gene Name ACYP2
Enzyme 39 Protein Sequence >Acylphosphatase-2 
MSTAQSLKSVDYEVFGRVQGVCFRMYTEDEARKIGVVGWVKNTSKGTVTGQVQGPEDKVN
SMKSWLSKVGSPSSRIDRTNFSNEKTISKLEYSNFSIRY
Enzyme 39 Number of Residues 99
Enzyme 39 Molecular Weight 11140
Enzyme 39 Theoretical pI 10.01
Enzyme 39 GO Classification
Function
  • acylphosphatase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides
  • hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 39 General Function Energy production and conversion
Enzyme 39 Specific Function Its physiological role is not yet clear
Enzyme 39 Pathways
Enzyme 39 Reactions
  • An acylphosphate + H2O = a carboxylate + phosphate
Enzyme 39 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 39 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 39 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 39 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 39 GenBank ID Protein 15341747 Link Image
Enzyme 39 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P14621 Link Image
Enzyme 39 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ACYP2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 39 PDB ID 1APS Link Image
Enzyme 39 PDB File Show
Enzyme 39 3D Structure
Enzyme 39 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 39 Gene Sequence >300 bp 
ATGTCTACCGCCCAGTCACTCAAATCCGTGGACTACGAGGTGTTCGGAAGAGTGCAGGGT
GTTTGCTTCAGAATGTATACAGAAGATGAAGCTAGGAAAATAGGAGTGGTTGGCTGGGTG
AAGAATACCAGCAAAGGCACCGTGACAGGCCAAGTGCAGGGGCCAGAAGACAAAGTCAAT
TCCATGAAGTCCTGGCTGAGCAAGGTTGGAAGCCCTAGTTCTCGCATTGACCGCACAAAC
TTTTCTAATGAAAAAACCATCTCTAAGCTTGAATACTCTAATTTTAGTATTAGATACTAA
Enzyme 39 GenBank Gene ID BC012290 Link Image
Enzyme 39 GeneCard ID ACYP2 Link Image
Enzyme 39 GenAtlas ID ACYP2 Link Image
Enzyme 39 HGNC ID HGNC:180 Link Image
Enzyme 39 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 39 Locus 2p16.2
Enzyme 39 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 39 General References
  1. Manao G, Camici G, Modesti A, Liguri G, Berti A, Stefani M, Cappugi G, Ramponi G: Human skeletal muscle acylphosphatase: the primary structure. Mol Biol Med. 1984 Dec;2(6):369-78. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Chiarugi P, Raugei G, Marzocchini R, Fiaschi T, Ciccarelli C, Berti A, Ramponi G: Differential modulation of expression of the two acylphosphatase isoenzymes by thyroid hormone. Biochem J. 1995 Oct 15;311 ( Pt 2):567-73. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 39 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 40 [top]
Enzyme 40 ID 5925
Enzyme 40 Name Selenide, water dikinase 1
Enzyme 40 Synonyms
  1. Selenophosphate synthetase 1
  2. Selenium donor protein 1
Enzyme 40 Gene Name SEPHS1
Enzyme 40 Protein Sequence >Selenide, water dikinase 1 
MSTRESFNPESYELDKSFRLTRFTELKGTGCKVPQDVLQKLLESLQENHFQEDEQFLGAV
MPRLGIGMDTCVIPLRHGGLSLVQTTDYIYPIVDDPYMMGRIACANVLSDLYAMGVTECD
NMLMLLGVSNKMTDRERDKVMPLIIQGFKDAAEEAGTSVTGGQTVLNPWIVLGGVATTVC
QPNEFIMPDNAVPGDVLVLTKPLGTQVAVAVHQWLDIPEKWNKIKLVVTQEDVELAYQEA
MMNMARLNRTAAGLMHTFNAHAATDITGFGILGHAQNLAKQQRNEVSFVIHNLPVLAKMA
AVSKACGNMFGLMHGTCPETSGGLLICLPREQAARFCAEIKSPKYGEGHQAWIIGIVEKG
NRTARIIDKPRIIEVAPQVATQNVNPTPGATS
Enzyme 40 Number of Residues 392
Enzyme 40 Molecular Weight 42911
Enzyme 40 Theoretical pI 5.84
Enzyme 40 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • kinase activity
  • nucleotide binding
  • purine nucleotide binding
  • selenide, water dikinase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 40 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 40 Specific Function Synthesizes selenophosphate from selenide and ATP
Enzyme 40 Pathways
Enzyme 40 Reactions
  • ATP + selenide + H2O = AMP + selenophosphate + phosphate
Enzyme 40 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 40 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 40 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 40 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 40 GenBank ID Protein 1000284 Link Image
Enzyme 40 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P49903 Link Image
Enzyme 40 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SPS1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 40 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 40 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 40 Gene Sequence >1152 bp 
ATGTCTACGCGGGAGTCCTTTAACCCGGAAAGTTACGAATTGGACAAAAGCTTCCGGCTA
ACCAGATTCACTGAACTGAAGGGCACAGGCTGCAAAGTGCCCCAAGATGTCCTGCAAAAA
TTGCTGGAATCTTTACAGGAGAACCACTTCCAAGAAGATGAGCAGTTTCTGGGAGCCGTT
ATGCCAAGGCTTGGCATTGGAATGGATACTTGTGTCATTCCTTTGAGGCACGGTGGGCTT
TCCTTGGTTCAAACCACAGATTACATTTACCCGATCGTAGACGACCCTTACATGATGGGC
AGGATAGCGTGTGCCAATGTCCTCAGTGACCTCTATGCAATGGGGGTCACGGAATGTGAC
AATATGCTGATGCTCCTTGGAGTCAGTAATAAAATGACCGACAGGGAAAGGGATAAAGTG
ATGCCTCTGATTATCCAAGGTTTTAAAGACGCAGCTGAGGAAGCAGGAACGTCTGTAACA
GGCGGCCAAACAGTACTAAACCCCTGGATTGTCCTGGGAGGAGTGGCTACCACTGTCTGC
CAACCCAATGAATTTATCATGCCAGACAATGCAGTGCCAGGGGACGTGCTGGTGCTGACA
AAACCCCTGGGGACACAGGTGGCAGTGGCTGTGCACCAGTGGCTGGATATCCCTGAGAAA
TGGAATAAGATTAAACTAGTGGTCACCCAAGAAGATGTAGAGCTGGCCTACCAGGAGGCG
ATGATGAACATGGCGAGGCTCAACAGGACAGCTGCAGGACTCATGCACACGTTCAATACC
CACGCCGCCACTGACATCACGGGCTTCGGGATTTTGGGCCATGCGCAGAACCTGGCCAAG
CAGCAGAGGAACGAGGTGTCGTTTGTAATTCACAACCTCCCGGTGCTGGCCAAGATGGCT
GCGGTGAGCAAGGCCTGCGGAAACATGTTCGGCCTCATGCACGGGACCTGCCCGGAGACT
TCAGGCGGCCTTCTGATCTGTTTACCACGTGAGCAAGCAGCTCGGTTCTGTGCAGAGATA
AAGTCCCCCAAATATGGTGAAGGCCACCAAGCATGGATTATTGGGATTGTAGAGAAGGGC
AACCGCACAGCCAGAATCATAGACAAACCCCGGATCATCGAGGTCGCACACAAGTGGCCA
CTCAAAACGTGA
Enzyme 40 GenBank Gene ID U34044 Link Image
Enzyme 40 GeneCard ID SEPHS1 Link Image
Enzyme 40 GenAtlas ID SEPHS1 Link Image
Enzyme 40 HGNC ID HGNC:19685 Link Image
Enzyme 40 Chromosome Location 10
Enzyme 40 Locus 10p14
Enzyme 40 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 40 General References
  1. Low SC, Harney JW, Berry MJ: Cloning and functional characterization of human selenophosphate synthetase, an essential component of selenoprotein synthesis. J Biol Chem. 1995 Sep 15;270(37):21659-64. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 40 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 41 [top]
Enzyme 41 ID 5930
Enzyme 41 Name Selenide, water dikinase 2
Enzyme 41 Synonyms
  1. Selenophosphate synthetase 2
  2. Selenium donor protein 2
Enzyme 41 Gene Name SEPHS2
Enzyme 41 Protein Sequence >Selenide, water dikinase 2 
MAEASATGACGEAMAAAEGSSGPAGLTLGRSFSNYRPFEPQALGLSPSWRLTGFSGMKGC
GCKVPQEALLKLLAGLTRPDVRPPLGRGLVGGQEEASQEAGLPAGAGPSPTFPALGIGMD
SCVIPLRHGGLSLVQTTDFFYPLVEDPYMMGRIACANVLSDLYAMGITECDNMLMLLSVS
QSMSEEEREKVTPLMVKGFRDAAEEGGTAVTGGQTVVNPWIIIGGVATVVCQPNEFIMPD
SAVVGDVLVLTKPLGTQVAVNAHQWLDNPERWNKVKMVVSREEVELAYQEAMFNMATLNR
TAAGLMHTFNAHAATDITGFGILGHSQNLAKQQRNEVSFVIHNLPIIAKMAAVSKASGRF
GLLQGTSAETSGGLLICLPREQAARFCSEIKSSKYGEGHQAWIVGIVEKGNRTARIIDKP
RVIEVLPRGATAAVLAPDSSNASSEPSS
Enzyme 41 Number of Residues 448
Enzyme 41 Molecular Weight 47259
Enzyme 41 Theoretical pI 5.69
Enzyme 41 GO Classification
Function
  • ATP binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • kinase activity
  • nucleotide binding
  • purine nucleotide binding
  • selenide, water dikinase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Process
—
Component
—
Enzyme 41 General Function Amino acid transport and metabolism
Enzyme 41 Specific Function Synthesizes selenophosphate from selenide and ATP
Enzyme 41 Pathways
Enzyme 41 Reactions
  • ATP + selenide + H2O = AMP + selenophosphate + phosphate
Enzyme 41 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 41 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 41 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 41 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 41 GenBank ID Protein 14717790 Link Image
Enzyme 41 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q99611 Link Image
Enzyme 41 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SPS2_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 41 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 41 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 41 Gene Sequence >1347 bp 
ATGGCGGAAGCCTCGGCGACGGGCGCCTGCGGAGAGGCGATGGCAGCGGCGGAAGGCTCC
TCGGGCCCGGCGGGCTTGACTCTGGGCCGGAGCTTCTCGAACTACCGGCCCTTCGAGCCC
CAGGCGTTGGGCCTCAGCCCGAGCTGGCGGCTGACGGGCTTCTCCGGCATGAAGGGCTGA
GGCTGCAAGGTCCCGCAGGAGGCGCTGCTCAAACTCCTGGCGGGACTGACGCGGCCGGAC
GTGCGGCCCCCGCTGGGCCGGGGCCTGGTGGGTGGCCAGGAAGAGGCGTCCCAGGAAGCC
GGCCTGCCGGCAGGAGCGGGCCCCAGCCCCACCTTTCCAGCCCTGGGCATCGGGATGGAC
TCCTGCGTCATCCCCCTGAGGCACGGGGGCCTGTCACTGGTGCAGACCACGGACTTCTTT
TACCCCTTGGTAGAAGATCCCTACATGATGGGGCGCATAGCTTGTGCCAACGTGCTGAGT
GACCTCTACGCCATGGGGATTACTGAGTGTGACAACATGTTGATGTTACTCAGCGTCAGC
CAGAGTATGAGTGAGGAGGAACGCGAAAAGGTAACGCCACTCATGGTCAAAGGCTTTCGG
GATGCGGCTGAGGAAGGAGGGACGGCAGTGACCGGTGGGCAAACGGTGGTCAACCCTTGG
ATTATAATCGGTGGAGTTGCCACTGTAGTATGCCAACCAAATGAGTTCATAATGCCGGAC
AGCGCCGTCGTTGGGGACGTGCTGGTGTTAACCAAACCGTTAGGAACCCAGGTTGCTGTC
AATGCCCACCAATGGCTGGATAATCCTGAAAGATGGAATAAAGTAAAGATGGTGGTCTCC
AGAGAAGAGGTGGAGCTGGCCTATCAGGAAGCCATGTTCAATATGGCTACCCTCAACAGA
ACTGCTGCAGGTTTAATGCACACATTTAATGCCCATGCGGCCACAGATATCACAGGCTTT
GGCATTCTAGGACACTCCCAGAACCTTGCAAAACAACAAAGAAATGAAGTGTCCTTTGTT
ATTCATAATCTGCCAATAATTGCCAAGATGGCTGCCGTCAGCAAGGCCAGTGGACGGTTT
GGGCTTCTTCAAGGAACCTCAGCTGAAACCTCTGGGGGATTACTGATTTGTCTGCCAAGA
GAACAGGCGGCTCGCTTTTGTTCTGAAATCAAATCCTCCAAGTACGGAGAGGGTCACCAA
GCGTGGATCGTTGGCATTGTGGAAAAGGGAAACCGAACGGCCCGGATCATTGACAAGCCG
CGAGTTATTGAAGTCCTGCCTCGTGGGGCCACAGCTGCTGTTCTTGCTCCTGACAGTTCA
AATGCCTCCTCTGAGCCTAGCTCGTGA
Enzyme 41 GenBank Gene ID U43286 Link Image
Enzyme 41 GeneCard ID SEPHS2 Link Image
Enzyme 41 GenAtlas ID SEPHS2 Link Image
Enzyme 41 HGNC ID HGNC:19686 Link Image
Enzyme 41 Chromosome Location 16
Enzyme 41 Locus 16p11.2
Enzyme 41 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 41 General References
  1. Guimaraes MJ, Bazan JF, Zlotnik A, Wiles MV, Grimaldi JC, Lee F, McClanahan T: A new approach to the study of haematopoietic development in the yolk sac and embryoid bodies. Development. 1995 Oct;121(10):3335-46. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Guimaraes MJ, Peterson D, Vicari A, Cocks BG, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Ferrick DA, Kastelein RA, Bazan JF, Zlotnik A: Identification of a novel selD homolog from eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea: is there an autoregulatory mechanism in selenocysteine metabolism? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Dec 24;93(26):15086-91. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 41 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 42 [top]
Enzyme 42 ID 5949
Enzyme 42 Name CTP synthase 1
Enzyme 42 Synonyms
  1. UTP--ammonia ligase 1
  2. CTP synthetase 1
Enzyme 42 Gene Name CTPS
Enzyme 42 Protein Sequence >CTP synthase 1 
MKYILVTGGVISGIGKGIIASSVGTILKSCGLHVTSIKIDPYINIDAGTFSPYEHGEVFV
LDDGGEVDLDLGNYERFLDIRLTKDNNLTTGKIYQYVINKERKGDYLGKTVQVVPHITDA
IQEWVMRQALIPVDEDGLEPQVCVIELGGTVGDIESMPFIEAFRQFQFKVKRENFCNIHV
SLVPQPSSTGEQKTKPTQNSVRELRGLGLSPDLVVCRCSNPLDTSVKEKISMFCHVEPEQ
VICVHDVSSIYRVPLLLEEQGVVDYFLRRLDLPIERQPRKMLMKWKEMADRYDRLLETCS
IALVGKYTKFSDSYASVIKALEHSALAINHKLEIKYIDSADLEPITSQEEPVRYHEAWQK
LCSAHGVLVPGGFGVRGTEGKIQAIAWARNQKKPFLGVCLGMQLAVVEFSRNVLGWQDAN
STEFDPTTSHPVVVDMPEHNPGQMGGTMRLGKRRTLFQTKNSVMRKLYGDADYLEERHRH
RFEVNPVWKKCLEEQGLKFVGQDVEGERMEIVELEDHPFFVGVQYHPEFLSRPIKPSPPY
FGLLLASVGRLSHYLQKGCRLSPRDTYSDRSGSSSPDSEITELKFPSINHD
Enzyme 42 Number of Residues 591
Enzyme 42 Molecular Weight 66691
Enzyme 42 Theoretical pI 6.42
Enzyme 42 GO Classification
Function
  • CTP synthase activity
  • catalytic activity
  • ligase activity
  • ligase activity, forming carbon-nitrogen bonds
Process
  • cellular metabolism
  • metabolism
  • nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism
  • nucleotide metabolism
  • physiological process
  • pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis
  • pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism
Component
—
Enzyme 42 General Function Nucleotide transport and metabolism
Enzyme 42 Specific Function Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen
Enzyme 42 Pathways
Enzyme 42 Reactions
  • ATP + UTP + NH3 = ADP + phosphate + CTP
Enzyme 42 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 42 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 42 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 42 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 42 GenBank ID Protein 30293 Link Image
Enzyme 42 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P17812 Link Image
Enzyme 42 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PYRG1_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 42 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 42 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 42 Gene Sequence >1776 bp 
ATGAAGTACATTCTGGTTACTGGTGGTGTTATATCAGGAATTGGAAAAGGAATCATTGCC
AGCAGTGTGGGCACAATACTCAAGTCATGTGGTTTACATGTAACTTCAATCAAAATTGAC
CCCTACATTAACATTGATGCAGGAACATTCTCTCCTTATGAGCATGGTGAGGTTTTTGTG
CTGGATGATGGTGGGGAAGTAGACCTTGACCTGGGTAACTATGAGCGGTTCCTTGACATC
CGCCTCACCAAGGACAATAATCTGACCACTGGAAAGATATACCAGTATGTCATTAACAAG
GAACGGAAAGGAGATTACTTGGGGAAAACTGTCCAAGTTGTCCCTCATATCACAGATGCA
ATCCAGGAGTGGGTGATGAGACAGGCGTTAATACCTGTAGATGAAGATGGCCTGGAACCT
CAAGTGTGTGTTATTGAGCTTGGTGGAACCGTGGGGGACATAGAAAGCATGCCCTTTATT
GAGGCCTTCCGTCAGTTCCAATTCAAGGTCAAAAGAGAGAACTTTTGTAACATCCACGTC
AGTCTAGTTCCCCAGCCAAGTTCAACAGGGGAACAGAAGACTAAACCTACCCAGAATAGT
GTTCGGGAACTTAGAGGACTTGGGCTTTCCCCAGATCTGGTTGTATGCAGGTGCTCAAAT
CCACTTGACACATCAGTGAAGGAGAAAATATCAATGTTCTGCCATGTTGAGCCTGAACAA
GTGATCTGTGTCCACGATGTCTCATCCATCTACCGAGTCCCCTTGTTGTTAGAGGAGCAA
GGGGTTGTAGATTATTTTCTTCGAAGACTTGACCTTCCTATTGAGAGGCAGCCAAGAAAA
ATGCTGATGAAATGGAAAGAGATGGCTGACAGATATGATCGCTTGCTGGAGACCTGCTCT
ATTGCCCTTGTGGCGAAATACACCGAGTTCTCAGACTCCTATGCCTCTGTCATTAAGGCT
CTGGAGCATTCTGCACTGGCCATCAACCACAAATTGGAAATCAAGTACATAGATTCTGCG
GACTTGGAGCCCATCACCTCGCAAGAAGAGCCCGTGCGCTACCACGAAGCTTGGCAGAAG
CTCTGTAGTGCTCATGGAGTGCTGGTTCCAGGAGGATTTGGTGTTCGAGGAACAGAAGGA
AAAATCCAAGCAATTGCCTGGGCTCGGAATCAGAAAAAGCCTTTTTTGGGCGTGTGCTTA
GGGATGCAGTTGGCAGTGGTTGAATTCTCAAGAAACGTGCTGGGATGGCAAGATGCCAAT
TCTACAGAGTTTGACCCTACGACCAGTCATCCCGTGGTCGTAGACATGCCAGAACACAAC
CCAGGGCAGATGGGCGGAACCATGAGGCTGGGCAAGAGGAGAACCCTGTTCCAGACCAAG
AACTCAGTCATGAGGAAACTCTATGGAGACGCAGACTACTTGGAAGAGAGGCACCGCCAC
CGATTTGAGGTGAATCCAGTCTGGAAAAAGTGTTTGGAAGAACAAGGCTTGAAGTTTGTT
GGCCAAGATGTTGAAGGAGAGAGAATGGAAATTGTGGAGTTAGAAGATCATCCCTTTTTT
GTTGGGGTTCAGTACCACCCTGAGTTCCTGTCCAGGCCTATCAAGCCCTCCCCACCATAC
TTTGGCCTCCTCCTGGCCTCTGTGGGGCGGCTCTCACATTACCTCCAGAAAGGCTGCAGG
CTCTCACCCAGGGACACCTATAGTGACAGGAGTGGAAGCAGCTCCCCTGACTCTGAAATC
ACCGAACTGAAGTTTCCATCAATAAATCATGACTGA
Enzyme 42 GenBank Gene ID X52142 Link Image
Enzyme 42 GeneCard ID CTPS Link Image
Enzyme 42 GenAtlas ID CTPS Link Image
Enzyme 42 HGNC ID HGNC:2519 Link Image
Enzyme 42 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 42 Locus 1p34.1
Enzyme 42 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 42 General References
  1. Yamauchi M, Yamauchi N, Meuth M: Molecular cloning of the human CTP synthetase gene by functional complementation with purified human metaphase chromosomes. EMBO J. 1990 Jul;9(7):2095-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 42 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 43 [top]
Enzyme 43 ID 5962
Enzyme 43 Name Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific
Enzyme 43 Synonyms
  1. Spermatogenic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
  2. Spermatogenic cell-specific glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2
  3. GAPDH-2
Enzyme 43 Gene Name GAPDHS
Enzyme 43 Protein Sequence >Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific 
MSKRDIVLTNVTVVQLLRQPCPVTRAPPPPEPKAEVEPQPQPEPTPVREEIKPPPPPLPP
HPATPPPKMVSVARELTVGINGFGRIGRLVLRACMEKGVKVVAVNDPFIDPEYMVYMFKY
DSTHGRYKGSVEFRNGQLVVDNHEISVYQCKEPKQIPWRAVGSPYVVESTGVYLSIQAAS
DHISAGAQRVVISAPSPDAPMFVMGVNENDYNPGSMNIVSNASCTTNCLAPLAKVIHERF
GIVEGLMTTVHSYTATQKTVDGPSRKAWRDGRGAHQNIIPASTGAAKAVTKVIPELKGKL
TGMAFRVPTPDVSVVDLTCRLAQPAPYSAIKEAVKAAAKGPMAGILAYTEDEVVSTDFLG
DTHSSIFDAKAGIALNDNFVKLISWYDNEYGYSHRVVDLLRYMFSRDK
Enzyme 43 Number of Residues 408
Enzyme 43 Molecular Weight 44502
Enzyme 43 Theoretical pI 8.34
Enzyme 43 GO Classification
Function
  • NAD binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • coenzyme binding
  • cofactor binding
  • glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (phosphorylating) activity
  • glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Process
  • alcohol metabolism
  • cellular metabolism
  • glucose catabolism
  • glucose metabolism
  • glycolysis
  • hexose metabolism
  • metabolism
  • monosaccharide metabolism
  • physiological process
Component
—
Enzyme 43 General Function Carbohydrate transport and metabolism
Enzyme 43 Specific Function May play an important role in regulating the switch between different pathways for energy production during spermiogenesis and in the spermatozoon. Required for sperm motility and male fertility
Enzyme 43 Pathways
Enzyme