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Human Metabolome Database Version 2.5

 

Showing metabocard for Pyridoxal (HMDB01545)

Legend: metabolite field enzyme field

Version 2.5
Creation Date 2005-11-16 15:48:42
Update Date 2009-05-05 20:58:54
Accession Number HMDB01545
Secondary Accession Numbers Not Available
Common Name Pyridoxal
Description The 4-carboxyaldehyde form of vitamin B6 which is converted to pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid.
Synonyms
  1. 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridine-4-carboxaldehyde
  2. Pyridoxal
  3. Pyridoxaldehyde
Chemical IUPAC Name 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-pyridine-4-carbaldehyde
Chemical Formula C8H9NO3
Chemical Structure Structure
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom
  • Organic
Super Class
  • Heterocyclic molecules
Class
  • Pyridoxals and Derivatives
Sub Class
  • Miscellaneous pyridoxals
Family
  • Mammalian Metabolite
Species
  • aldehyde
  • primary alcohol
  • phenol or hydroxyhetarene
  • aromatic compound
  • heterocyclic compound
Biofunction
  • Component of Vitamin B6 metabolism
Application
Source
  • Endogenous
Average Molecular Weight 167.162
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 167.058243
Isomeric SMILES CC1=C(O)C(C=O)=C(CO)C=N1
Canonical SMILES CC1=C(O)C(C=O)=C(CO)C=N1
KEGG Compound ID C00250 Link Image
BioCyc ID PYRIDOXAL Link Image
BiGG ID 34393 Link Image
Wikipedia Link Pyridoxal Link Image
NuGOwiki Link HMDB01545 Link Image
Metagene Link HMDB01545 Link Image
METLIN ID 6312 Link Image
PubChem Compound 1050 Link Image
PubChem Substance 7890123 Link Image
ChEBI ID 17310 Link Image
CAS Registry Number 66-72-8
InChI Identifier InChI=1/C8H9NO3/c1-5-8(12)7(4-11)6(3-10)2-9-5/h2,4,10,12H,3H2,1H3
Synthesis Reference Fujimoto, Yasuo. Pyridoxal. Jpn. Tokkyo Koho (1971), 2 pp.
Melting Point (Experimental) 165 oC
Experimental Water Solubility 500.0 mg/mL [COFFEN,DL (1978)] Source: PhysProp
Predicted Water Solubility 11.7 mg/mL [Predicted by ALOGPS] Calculated using ALOGPS
Physiological Charge 0
State Solid
Experimental LogP/Hydrophobicity Not Available Source: PhysProp
Predicted LogP/Hydrophobicity 0.02 [Predicted by ALOGPS]; 0 [Predicted by PubChem via XLOGP]; 0.45 [MEYLAN,WM & HOWARD,PH (1995)] Calculated using ALOGPS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
MOL File Show Link Image
SDF File Show Link Image
PDB File Show Link Image
2D Structure
3D Structure
Experimental PDB ID Not Available
Experimental 1H NMR Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Varian)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Experimental 13C NMR Spectrum Not Available
Experimental 13C HSQC Spectrum Download Spectrum
Download FID (Bruker)
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum Show Image
Show Peaklist
Mass Spectrum
Low Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Medium Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
High Energy
Download File
Show Experimental Conditions Link Image
Simplified TOCSY Spectrum Not Available
BMRB Spectrum Not Available
Cellular Location
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
Biofluid Location
  • Blood
Tissue Location
Tissue References
Erythrocyte
Fibroblasts
Kidney
Placenta
Concentrations (Normal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 0.251 +/- 0.051 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Patient information Normal
Comments Not Available
References
  • Geigy Scientific Tables, 8th Rev edition, pp. 165-177. Edited by C. Lentner, West Cadwell, N.J.: Medical education Div., Ciba-Geigy Corp., Basel, Switzerland c1981-1992.
Concentrations (Abnormal)
Biofluid Blood
Value 0.036 +/- 0.031 uM
Age Adult:>18 yrs old
Sex Both
Condition Sickle cell anemia
Comments Not Available
References
  • Nelson MC, Zemel BS, Kawchak DA, Barden EM, Frongillo EA Jr, Coburn SP, Ohene-Frempong K, Stallings VA: Vitamin B6 status of children with sickle cell disease. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2002 Aug-Sep;24(6):463-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Associated Disorders
Condition References
Sickle cell anemia
  • Nelson MC, Zemel BS, Kawchak DA, Barden EM, Frongillo EA Jr, Coburn SP, Ohene-Frempong K, Stallings VA: Vitamin B6 status of children with sickle cell disease. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2002 Aug-Sep;24(6):463-9. [PubMed Link Image]
OMIM ID
Pathways
Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
Vitamin B6 Metabolism SMP00017 Link Image map00750 Link Image
General References
  1. Huang YC, Lan PH, Cheng CH, Lee BJ, Kan MN: Vitamin B6 intakes and status of mechanically ventilated critically ill patients in Taiwan. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002 May;56(5):387-92. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. el-Habet AE, el-Sewedy SM, el-Sharaky A, Gaafar NK, Abdel-Rafee A, Hamoud F: Biochemical studies on bilharzial and nonbilharzial hyperoxaluria: effect of pyridoxine and allopurinol treatment. Biochem Med Metab Biol. 1987 Aug;38(1):1-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Mehansho H, Henderson LM: Transport and accumulation of pyridoxine and pyridoxal by erythrocytes. J Biol Chem. 1980 Dec 25;255(24):11901-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Kark JA, Bongiovanni R, Hicks CU, Tarassoff PG, Hannah JS, Yoshida GY: Modification of intracellular hemoglobin with pyridoxal and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Blood Cells. 1982;8(2):299-314. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Fonda ML: Vitamin B6 metabolism and binding to proteins in the blood of alcoholic and nonalcoholic men. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1993 Dec;17(6):1171-8. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Rajamohan F, Nelms L, Joslin DL, Lu B, Reagan WJ, Lawton M: cDNA cloning, expression, purification, distribution, and characterization of biologically active canine alanine aminotransferase-1. Protein Expr Purif. 2006 Jul;48(1):81-9. Epub 2006 Jan 30. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Bosse TR, Donald EA: The vitamin B6 requirement in oral contraceptive users. I. Assessment by pyridoxal level and transferase activity in erythrocytes. Am J Clin Nutr. 1979 May;32(5):1015-23. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Linares P, Luque de Castro MD, Valcarcel M: Simultaneous determination of pyridoxal and pyridoxal 5-phosphate in human serum by flow injection analysis. Anal Chem. 1985 Sep;57(11):2101-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Schenker S, Johnson RF, Mahuren JD, Henderson GI, Coburn SP: Human placental vitamin B6 (pyridoxal) transport: normal characteristics and effects of ethanol. Am J Physiol. 1992 Jun;262(6 Pt 2):R966-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  10. Brenner A, Wapnir RA: A pyridoxine-dependent behavioral disorder unmasked by isoniazid. Am J Dis Child. 1978 Aug;132(8):773-6. [PubMed Link Image]
  11. Kark JA, Tarassoff PG, Bongiovanni R: Pyridoxal phosphate as an antisickling agent in vitro. J Clin Invest. 1983 May;71(5):1224-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  12. Yiakouvaki A, Savovic J, Al-Qenaei A, Dowden J, Pourzand C: Caged-iron chelators a novel approach towards protecting skin cells against UVA-induced necrotic cell death. J Invest Dermatol. 2006 Oct;126(10):2287-95. Epub 2006 May 18. [PubMed Link Image]
  13. Wikipedia Link Image
Metabolic Enzymes
  1. Aldehyde oxidase
  2. Pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase
  3. Glycine dehydrogenase [decarboxylating], mitochondrial
  4. Pyridoxal kinase
  5. Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase
  6. Aldehyde oxidase 1
Enzyme 1 [top]
Enzyme 1 ID 5358
Enzyme 1 Name Aldehyde oxidase
Enzyme 1 Synonyms Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Name AOX1
Enzyme 1 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde oxidase
MDRASELLFYVNGRKVIEKNVDPETMLLPYLRKKLRLTGTKYGCGGGGCGACTVMISRYN
PITKRIRHHPANACLIPICSLYGAAVTTVEGIGSTHTRIHPVQERIAKCHGTQCGFCTPG
MVMSIYTLLRNHPEPTLDQLTDALGGNLCRCTGYRPIIDACKTFCKTSGCCQSKENGVCC
LDQGINGLPEFEEGSKTSPKLFAEEEFLPLDPTQELIFPPELMIMAEKQSQRTRVFGSER
MMWFSPVTLKELLEFKFKYPQAPVIMGNTSVGPEVKFKGVFHPVIISPDRIEELSVVNHA
YNGLTLGAGLSLAQVKDILADVVQKLPEEKTQMYHALLKHLGTLAGSQIRNMASLGGHII
SRHPDSDLNPILAVGNCTLNLLSKEGKRQIPLNEQFLSKCPNADLKPQEILVSVNIPYSR
KWEFVSAFRQAQRQENALAIVNSGMRVFFGEGDGIIRELCISYGGVGPATICAKNSCQKL
IGRHWNEQMLDIACRLILNEVSLLGSAPGGKVEFKRTLIISFLFKFYLEVSQILKKMDPV
HYPSLADKYESALEDLHSKHHCSTLKYQNIGPKQHPEDPIGHPIMHLSGVKHATGEAIYC
DDMPLVDQELFLTFVTSSRAHAKIVSIDLSEALSMPGVVDIMTAEHLSDVNSFCFFTEAE
KFLATDKVFCVGQLVCAVLADSEVQAKRAAKRVKIVYQDLEPLILTIEESIQHNSSFKPE
RKLEYGNVDEAFKVVDQILEGEIHMGGQEHFYMETQSMLVVPKGEDQEMDVYVSTQFPKY
IQDIVASTLKLPANKVMCHVRRVGGAFGGKVLKTGIIAAVTAFAANKHGRAVRCVLERGE
DMLITGGRHPYLGKYKAGFMNDGRILALDMEHYSNAGASLDESLFVIEMGLLKMDNAYKF
PNLRCRGWACRTNLPSNTAFRGFGFPQAALITESCITEVAAKCGLSPEKVRIINMYKEID
QTPYKQEINAKNLIQCWRECMAMSSYSLRKVAVEKFNAENYWKKKGLAMVPLKFPVGLGS
RAAGQAAALVHIYLDGSVLVTHGGIEMGQGVHTKMIQVVSRELRMPMSNVHLRGTSTETV
PNANISGGSVVADLNGLAVKDACQTLLKRLEPIISKNPKGTWKDWAQTAFDESINLSAVG
YFRGYESDMNWEKGEGQPFEYFVYGAACSEVEIDCLTGDHKNIRTDIVMDVGCSINPAID
IGQIEGAFIQGMGLYTIEELNYSPQGILHTRGPDQYKIPAICDMPTELHIALLPPSQNSN
TLYSSKGLGESGVFLGCSVFFAIHDAVSAARQERGLHGPLTLNSPLTPEKIRMACEDKFT
KMIPRDEPGSYVPWNVPI
Enzyme 1 Number of Residues 1338
Enzyme 1 Molecular Weight 147916.7
Enzyme 1 Theoretical pI 7.17
Enzyme 1 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NAD or NADH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 1 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 1 Specific Function An aldehyde + H(2)O + O(2) = a carboxylic acid + H(2)O(2)
Enzyme 1 Pathways
Enzyme 1 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + H2O + O2 = a carboxylic acid + H2O2 [RN:R00635]
Enzyme 1 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 1 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 1 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 1 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 1 GenBank ID Protein 71773480 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q06278 Link Image
Enzyme 1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ADO_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 1 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 1 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 1 Gene Sequence >4017 bp
ATGGACCGGGCGTCCGAGCTGCTCTTCTACGTGAACGGCCGCAAGGTGATAGAAAAAAAT
GTCGATCCTGAAACAATGCTGTTGCCTTATTTGAGGAAGAAGCTTCGACTCACAGGAACT
AAGTATGGCTGTGGAGGAGGAGGCTGTGGTGCTTGTACAGTGATGATATCACGATACAAC
CCCATCACCAAGAGGATAAGGCATCACCCAGCCAATGCCTGTCTGATTCCCATCTGTTCT
CTGTATGGTGCTGCCGTCACCACAGTAGAAGGCATAGGAAGCACCCACACCAGAATTCAT
CCTGTTCAGGAGAGGATTGCCAAGTGTCATGGCACCCAGTGTGGCTTCTGCACACCTGGG
ATGGTGATGTCCATCTACACGCTGCTCAGGAACCACCCAGAGCCCACTCTGGATCAGTTA
ACTGATGCCCTTGGTGGTAACCTGTGCCGTTGCACTGGATACAGGCCCATAATTGATGCA
TGCAAGACTTTCTGTAAAACTTCGGGCTGCTGTCAAAGTAAAGAAAATGGGGTTTGCTGT
TTGGATCAAGGAATCAATGGATTGCCAGAATTTGAGGAAGGAAGTAAGACAAGTCCAAAA
CTCTTCGCAGAAGAGGAGTTTCTGCCATTGGATCCAACCCAGGAACTGATATTTCCTCCT
GAGCTAATGATAATGGCTGAGAAACAGTCGCAAAGGACCAGGGTGTTTGGCAGTGAGAGA
ATGATGTGGTTTTCCCCCGTGACCCTGAAGGAACTGCTGGAATTTAAATTCAAGTATCCC
CAGGCTCCTGTTATCATGGGAAACACCTCTGTGGGGCCTGAAGTGAAATTTAAAGGCGTC
TTTCACCCAGTTATAATTTCTCCTGATAGAATTGAAGAACTGAGTGTTGTAAACCATGCA
TATAATGGACTCACCCTTGGTGCTGGTCTCAGCCTAGCCCAGGTGAAGGACATTTTGGCT
GATGTAGTCCAGAAGCTTCCAGAGGAGAAGACACAGATGTACCATGCTCTCCTGAAGCAT
TTGGGAACTCTGGCTGGGTCCCAGATCAGGAACATGGCTTCTTTAGGGGGACACATCATT
AGCAGGCATCCAGATTCAGATCTGAATCCCATCCTGGCTGTGGGTAACTGTACCCTCAAC
TTGCTATCAAAAGAAGGAAAACGACAGATTCCTTTAAATGAGCAATTCCTCAGCAAGTGC
CCTAATGCAGATCTTAAGCCTCAAGAAATCTTGGTCTCAGTGAACATCCCCTACTCAAGG
AAGTGGGAATTTGTGTCAGCCTTCCGACAAGCCCAGCGACAGGAGAATGCGCTAGCGATA
GTCAATTCAGGAATGAGAGTCTTTTTTGGAGAAGGGGATGGCATTATTAGAGAGTTATGC
ATCTCATATGGAGGCGTTGGTCCAGCCACCATCTGTGCCAAGAATTCCTGCCAGAAACTC
ATTGGAAGGCACTGGAACGAACAGATGCTGGATATAGCCTGCAGGCTTATTCTGAATGAA
GTCTCCCTTTTGGGCTCGGCGCCAGGTGGGAAAGTGGAGTTCAAGAGGACTCTCATCATC
AGCTTCCTCTTCAAGTTCTACCTGGAAGTGTCACAGATTTTGAAAAAGATGGATCCAGTT
CACTATCCTAGCCTTGCAGACAAGTATGAAAGTGCTTTAGAAGATCTTCATTCCAAACAT
CACTGCAGTACATTAAAGTACCAGAATATAGGCCCAAAGCAGCATCCTGAAGACCCAATT
GGCCACCCCATCATGCATCTGTCTGGTGTGAAGCATGCCACGGGGGAGGCCATCTACTGT
GATGACATGCCTCTGGTGGACCAGGAACTTTTCTTGACTTTTGTGACTAGTTCAAGAGCT
CATGCTAAGATTGTGTCTATTGATCTGTCAGAAGCTCTCAGCATGCCCGGTGTGGTGGAC
ATCATGACAGCAGAACATCTTAGTGACGTCAACTCCTTCTGCTTTTTTACTGAAGCTGAG
AAATTTCTGGCGACAGATAAGGTGTTCTGTGTGGGTCAGCTTGTCTGTGCTGTGCTTGCC
GATTCTGAGGTTCAGGCAAAGCGAGCTGCTAAGCGAGTGAAGATTGTCTATCAAGACTTG
GAGCCGCTGATACTAACAATTGAGGAAAGTATACAACACAACTCCTCCTTCAAGCCAGAA
AGGAAACTGGAATATGGAAATGTTGACGAAGCATTTAAAGTGGTTGATCAAATTCTTGAA
GGTGAAATACATATGGGAGGTCAAGAACATTTTTATATGGAAACCCAAAGCATGCTTGTC
GTTCCCAAGGGAGAGGATCAAGAAATGGATGTCTACGTGTCCACACAGTTTCCCAAATAT
ATACAGGACATTGTTGCCTCAACCTTGAAGCTCCCAGCTAACAAGGTCATGTGCCATGTA
AGGCGTGTTGGTGGAGCGTTTGGAGGGAAGGTGTTAAAAACCGGAATCATTGCAGCCGTC
ACTGCATTTGCCGCAAACAAACATGGCCGTGCAGTTCGCTGTGTTCTGGAACGAGGAGAA
GACATGTTAATAACTGGAGGCCGCCATCCTTACCTTGGAAAGTACAAAGCTGGATTCATG
AACGATGGCAGAATCTTGGCCCTGGACATGGAGCATTACAGCAATGCAGGCGCCTCCTTG
GATGAATCATTATTCGTGATAGAAATGGGACTTCTGAAAATGGACAATGCTTACAAGTTT
CCCAATCTCCGCTGCCGGGGTTGGGCATGCAGAACCAACCTTCCATCCAACACAGCTTTT
CGTGGGTTTGGCTTTCCTCAGGCAGCGCTGATCACCGAATCTTGTATCACGGAAGTTGCA
GCCAAATGTGGACTATCCCCTGAGAAGGTGCGAATCATAAACATGTACAAGGAAATTGAT
CAAACACCCTACAAACAAGAGATCAATGCCAAGAACCTAATCCAGTGTTGGAGAGAATGT
ATGGCCATGTCTTCCTACTCCTTGAGGAAAGTTGCTGTGGAAAAGTTCAATGCAGAGAAT
TATTGGAAGAAGAAAGGACTGGCCATGGTCCCCCTGAAGTTTCCTGTTGGCCTTGGCTCA
CGTGCTGCTGGTCAGGCTGCTGCCTTGGTTCACATTTATCTTGATGGCTCTGTGCTGGTC
ACTCACGGTGGAATTGAAATGGGGCAGGGGGTCCACACTAAAATGATTCAGGTGGTCAGC
CGTGAATTAAGAATGCCAATGTCGAATGTCCACCTGCGTGGAACAAGCACAGAAACTGTC
CCTAATGCAAATATCTCTGGAGGTTCTGTGGTGGCAGATCTCAACGGTTTGGCAGTAAAG
GATGCCTGTCAAACTCTTCTAAAACGCCTCGAACCCATCATCAGCAAGAATCCTAAAGGA
ACTTGGAAAGACTGGGCACAGACTGCTTTTGATGAAAGCATTAACCTTTCAGCTGTTGGA
TACTTCAGAGGTTATGAGTCAGACATGAACTGGGAGAAAGGCGAAGGCCAGCCCTTCGAA
TACTTTGTTTATGGAGCTGCCTGTTCCGAGGTTGAAATAGACTGCCTGACGGGGGATCAT
AAGAACATCAGAACAGACATTGTCATGGATGTTGGCTGCAGTATAAATCCAGCCATTGAC
ATAGGCCAGATTGAAGGTGCATTTATTCAAGGCATGGGACTTTATACAATAGAGGAACTG
AATTATTCTCCCCAGGGCATTCTGCACACTCGTGGTCCAGACCAATATAAAATCCCTGCC
ATCTGTGACATGCCCACGGAGTTGCACATTGCTTTGTTGCCTCCTTCTCAAAACTCAAAT
ACTCTTTATTCATCTAAGGGTCTGGGAGAGTCGGGGGTGTTCCTGGGGTGTTCCGTGTTT
TTCGCTATCCATGACGCAGTGAGTGCAGCACGACAGGAGAGAGGCCTGCATGGACCCTTG
ACCCTTAATAGTCCACTGACCCCGGAGAAGATTAGGATGGCCTGTGAAGACAAGTTCACA
AAAATGATTCCGAGAGATGAACCTGGATCCTACGTTCCTTGGAATGTACCCATCTGA
Enzyme 1 GenBank Gene ID NM_001159.3 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GeneCard ID AOX1 Link Image
Enzyme 1 GenAtlas ID AOX1 Link Image
Enzyme 1 HGNC ID HGNC:553 Link Image
Enzyme 1 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 1 Locus 2q33
Enzyme 1 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 1 General References
  1. Wright RM, Vaitaitis GM, Wilson CM, Repine TB, Terada LS, Repine JE: cDNA cloning, characterization, and tissue-specific expression of human xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Nov 15;90(22):10690-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 1 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 2 [top]
Enzyme 2 ID 5947
Enzyme 2 Name Pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase
Enzyme 2 Synonyms
  1. Pyridoxamine-phosphate oxidase
Enzyme 2 Gene Name PNPO
Enzyme 2 Protein Sequence >Pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase
MTCWLRGVTATFGRPAEWPGYLSHLCGRSAAMDLGPMRKSYRGDREAFEETHLTSLDPVK
QFAAWFEEAVQCPDIGEANAMCLATCTRDGKPSARMLLLKGFGKDGFRFFTNFESRKGKE
LDSNPFASLVFYWEPLNRQVRVEGPVKKLPEEEAECYFHSRPKSSQIGAVVSHQSSVIPD
REYLRKKNEELEQLYQDQEVPKPKSWGGYVLYPQVMEFWQGQTNRLHDRIVFRRGLPTGD
SPLGPMTHRGEEDWLYERLAP
Enzyme 2 Number of Residues 261
Enzyme 2 Molecular Weight 29987.8
Enzyme 2 Theoretical pI 7.09
Enzyme 2 GO Classification
Function
  • FMN binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, oxygen as acceptor
  • pyridoxamine-phosphate oxidase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • pyridoxine biosynthetic process
  • pyridoxine metabolic process
  • small molecule metabolic process
  • vitamin B6 metabolic process
  • vitamin metabolic process
  • water-soluble vitamin metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 2 General Function Involved in pyridoxamine-phosphate oxidase activity
Enzyme 2 Specific Function Catalyzes the oxidation of either pyridoxine 5'- phosphate (PNP) or pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP) into pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)
Enzyme 2 Pathways
Enzyme 2 Reactions
  • (1) pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + H2O + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R00277]
  • (2) pyridoxine 5'-phosphate + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + H2O2 [RN:R00278]
Enzyme 2 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 2 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 2 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 2 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 2 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9NVS9 Link Image
Enzyme 2 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PNPO_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB ID 1NRG Link Image
Enzyme 2 PDB File Show
Enzyme 2 3D Structure
Enzyme 2 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 2 Gene Sequence >786 bp
ATGACGTGCTGGCTGCGGGGCGTCACGGCGACGTTCGGGCGACCTGCCGAGTGGCCAGGC
TACCTCAGTCACCTGTGTGGTCGCAGTGCTGCCATGGACCTGGGACCCATGCGCAAGAGT
TACCGCGGGGACCGAGAGGCATTTGAGGAGACTCATCTGACCTCCCTTGACCCAGTGAAA
CAGTTTGCTGCCTGGTTTGAGGAGGCTGTTCAGTGTCCTGACATAGGGGAAGCCAATGCC
ATGTGTCTGGCTACCTGCACCAGAGATGGAAAACCCTCTGCTCGCATGTTGCTGCTGAAG
GGCTTCGGGAAAGATGGCTTCCGCTTCTTCACTAACTTCGAGAGTCGAAAAGGAAAAGAG
CTGGACTCTAATCCCTTTGCTTCCCTTGTCTTCTACTGGGAGCCACTTAACCGTCAGGTG
CGTGTGGAAGGCCCTGTGAAGAAACTGCCTGAGGAGGAGGCTGAGTGCTACTTCCACTCC
CGCCCCAAGAGCAGCCAGATTGGGGCTGTGGTCAGCCACCAGAGTTCTGTGATCCCTGAT
CGGGAGTATCTGAGAAAGAAAAATGAGGAACTGGAACAGCTCTACCAGGATCAAGAGGTG
CCCAAGCCAAAATCCTGGGGTGGCTATGTCCTGTACCCTCAGGTGATGGAGTTCTGGCAA
GGTCAAACCAACCGCCTGCATGACCGGATAGTCTTTCGGCGGGGCCTACCCACAGGAGAT
TCCCCTTTGGGGCCCATGACCCACCGCGGGGAGGAAGACTGGCTCTATGAGAGACTTGCA
CCTTAA
Enzyme 2 GenBank Gene ID AF468030 Link Image
Enzyme 2 GeneCard ID PNPO Link Image
Enzyme 2 GenAtlas ID PNPO Link Image
Enzyme 2 HGNC ID HGNC:30260 Link Image
Enzyme 2 Chromosome Location 1
Enzyme 2 Locus 17q21.32
Enzyme 2 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 2 General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Molina H, Horn DM, Tang N, Mathivanan S, Pandey A: Global proteomic profiling of phosphopeptides using electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 13;104(7):2199-204. Epub 2007 Feb 7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Musayev FN, Di Salvo ML, Ko TP, Schirch V, Safo MK: Structure and properties of recombinant human pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase. Protein Sci. 2003 Jul;12(7):1455-63. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Mills PB, Surtees RA, Champion MP, Beesley CE, Dalton N, Scambler PJ, Heales SJ, Briddon A, Scheimberg I, Hoffmann GF, Zschocke J, Clayton PT: Neonatal epileptic encephalopathy caused by mutations in the PNPO gene encoding pyridox(am)ine 5'-phosphate oxidase. Hum Mol Genet. 2005 Apr 15;14(8):1077-86. Epub 2005 Mar 16. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 2 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 3 [top]
Enzyme 3 ID 6075
Enzyme 3 Name Glycine dehydrogenase [decarboxylating], mitochondrial
Enzyme 3 Synonyms
  1. Glycine cleavage system P protein
  2. Glycine decarboxylase
Enzyme 3 Gene Name GLDC
Enzyme 3 Protein Sequence >Glycine dehydrogenase [decarboxylating], mitochondrial
MQSCARAWGLRLGRGVGGGRRLAGGSGPCWAPRSRDSSSGGGDSAAAGASRLLERLLPRH
DDFARRHIGPGDKDQREMLQTLGLASIDELIEKTVPANIRLKRPLKMEDPVCENEILATL
HAISSKNQIWRSYIGMGYYNCSVPQTILRNLLENSGWITQYTPYQPEVSQGRLESLLNYQ
TMVCDITGLDMANASLLDEGTAAAEALQLCYRHNKRRKFLVDPRCHPQTIAVVQTRAKYT
GVLTELKLPCEMDFSGKDVSGVLFQYPDTEGKVEDFTELVERAHQSGSLACCATDLLALC
ILRPPGEFGVDIALGSSQRFGVPLGYGGPHAAFFAVRESLVRMMPGRMVGVTRDATGKEV
YRLALQTREQHIRRDKATSNICTAQALLANMAAMFAIYHGSHGLEHIARRVHNATLILSE
GLKRAGHQLQHDLFFDTLKIQCGCSVKEVLGRAAQRQINFRLFEDGTLGISLDETVNEKD
LDDLLWIFGCESSAELVAESMGEECRGIPGSVFKRTSPFLTHQVFNSYHSETNIVRYMKK
LENKDISLVHSMIPLGSCTMKLNSSSELAPITWKEFANIHPFVPLDQAQGYQQLFRELEK
DLCELTGYDQVCFQPNSGAQGEYAGLATIRAYLNQKGEGHRTVCLIPKSAHGTNPASAHM
AGMKIQPVEVDKYGNIDAVHLKAMVDKHKENLAAIMITYPSTNGVFEENISDVCDLIHQH
GGQVYLDGANMNAQVGICRPGDFGSDVSHLNLHKTFCIPHGGGGPGMGPIGVKKHLAPFL
PNHPVISLKRNEDACPVGTVSAAPWGSSSILPISWAYIKMMGGKGLKQATETAILNANYM
AKRLETHYRILFRGARGYVGHEFILDTRPFKKSANIEAVDVAKRLQDYGFHAPTMSWPVA
GTLMVEPTESEDKAELDRFCDAMISIRQEIADIEEGRIDPRVNPLKMSPHSLTCVTSSHW
DRPYSREVAAFPLPFVKPENKFWPTIARIDDIYGDQHLVCTCPPMEVYESPFSEQKRASS
Enzyme 3 Number of Residues 1020
Enzyme 3 Molecular Weight 112728.8
Enzyme 3 Theoretical pI 7.11
Enzyme 3 GO Classification
Function
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cofactor binding
  • glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity
  • lyase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors
  • oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, disulfide as acceptor
  • pyridoxal phosphate binding
Process
  • cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
  • cellular amino acid metabolic process
  • cellular metabolic process
  • glycine metabolic process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
  • serine family amino acid metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 3 General Function Involved in lyase activity
Enzyme 3 Specific Function The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine. The P protein binds the alpha-amino group of glycine through its pyridoxal phosphate cofactor; CO(2) is released and the remaining methylamine moiety is then transferred to the lipoamide cofactor of the H protein
Enzyme 3 Pathways
  • Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism (map00260 Link Image)
Enzyme 3 Reactions
  • glycine + H-protein-lipoyllysine = H-protein-S-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine + CO2 [RN:R03425]
Enzyme 3 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 3 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 3 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 3 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 3 GenBank ID Protein 189054321 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P23378 Link Image
Enzyme 3 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GCSP_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 3 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 3 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 3 Gene Sequence >3063 bp
ATGCAGTCCTGTGCCAGGGCGTGGGGGCTGCGCCTGGGCCGCGGGGTCGGGGGCGGCCGC
CGCCTGGCTGGGGGATCGGGGCCGTGCTGGGCGCCGCGGAGCCGGGACAGCAGCAGTGGC
GGCGGGGACAGCGCCGCGGCTGGGGCCTCGCGCCTCCTGGAGCGCCTTCTGCCCAGACAC
GACGACTTCGCTCGGAGGCACATCGGCCCTGGGGACAAAGACCAGAGAGAGATGCTGCAG
ACCTTGGGGCTGGCGAGCATTGATGAATTGATCGAGAAGACGGTCCCTGCCAACATCCGT
TTGAAAAGACCCTTGAAAATGGAAGACCCTGTTTGTGAAAATGAAATCCTTGCAACTCTG
CATGCCATTTCAAGCAAAAACCAGATCTGGAGATCGTATATTGGCATGGGCTATTATAAC
TGCTCAGTGCCACAGACGATTTTGCGGAACTTACTGGAGAACTCAGGATGGATCACCCAG
TATACTCCATACCAGCCTGAGGTGTCTCAGGGGAGGCTGGAGAGTTTACTCAACTACCAG
ACCATGGTGTGTGACATCACAGGCCTGGACATGGCCAATGCATCCCTGCTGGATGAGGGG
ACTGCAGCCGCAGAGGCACTGCAGCTGTGCTACAGACACAACAAGAGGAGGAAATTTCTC
GTTGATCCCCGTTGCCACCCACAGACAATAGCTGTTGTCCAGACTCGAGCCAAATATACT
GGAGTCCTCACTGAGCTGAAGCTACCCTGTGAAATGGACTTCAGTGGAAAAGATGTCAGT
GGAGTGTTGTTCCAGTACCCAGACACGGAGGGGAAGGTGGAAGACTTTACGGAACTCGTG
GAGAGAGCTCATCAGAGTGGGAGCCTGGCCTGCTGTGCTACTGACCTTTTAGCTTTGTGC
ATCTTGAGGCCACCTGGAGAATTTGGGGTAGACATCGCCCTGGGCAGCTCCCAGAGATTT
GGAGTGCCACTGGGCTATGGGGGACCCCATGCAGCATTTTTTGCTGTCCGAGAAAGCTTG
GTGAGAATGATGCCTGGAAGAATGGTGGGGGTAACAAGAGATGCCACTGGGAAAGAAGTG
TATCGTCTTGCTCTTCAAACCAGGGAGCAACACATTCGGAGAGACAAGGCTACCAGCAAC
ATCTGTACAGCTCAGGCCCTCTTGGCGAATATGGCTGCCATGTTTGCAATCTACCATGGT
TCCCATGGGCTGGAGCATATTGCTAGGAGGGTACATAATGCCACTTTGATTTTGTCAGAA
GGTCTCAAGCGAGCAGGGCATCAACTCCAGCATGACCTGTTCTTTGATACCTTGAAGATT
CAGTGTGGCTGCTCAGTGAAGGAGGTCTTGGGCAGGGCCGCTCAGCGGCAGATCAATTTT
CGGCTTTTTGAGGATGGCACACTTGGTATTTCTCTTGATGAAACAGTCAATGAAAAAGAT
CTGGACGATTTGTTGTGGATCTTTGGTTGTGAGTCATCTGCAGAACTGGTTGCTGAAAGC
ATGGGAGAGGAGTGCAGAGGTATTCCAGGGTCTGTGTTCAAGAGGACCAGCCCGTTCCTC
ACCCATCAAGTGTTCAACAGCTACCACTCTGAAACAAACATTGTCCGGTACATGAAGAAA
CTGGAAAATAAAGACATTTCCCTTGTTCACAGCATGATTCCACTGGGATCCTGCACCATG
AAACTGAACAGTTCGTCTGAACTCGCACCTATCACATGGAAAGAATTTGCAAACATCCAC
CCCTTTGTGCCTCTGGATCAAGCTCAAGGATATCAGCAGCTTTTCCGAGAGCTTGAGAAG
GATTTGTGTGAACTCACAGGTTATGACCAGGTCTGTTTCCAGCCAAACAGCGGAGCCCAG
GGAGAATATGCTGGACTGGCCACTATCCGAGCCTACTTAAACCAGAAAGGAGAGGGGCAC
AGAACGGTTTGCCTCATTCCGAAATCAGCACATGGGACCAACCCAGCAAGTGCCCACATG
GCAGGCATGAAGATTCAGCCTGTGGAGGTGGATAAATATGGGAATATCGATGCAGTTCAC
CTCAAGGCCATGGTGGATAAGCACAAGGAGAACCTAGCAGCTATCATGATTACATACCCA
TCCACCAATGGGGTGTTTGAAGAGAACATCAGTGACGTGTGTGACCTCATCCATCAACAT
GGAGGACAGGTCTACCTAGACGGGGCAAATATGAATGCTCAGGTGGGAATCTGTCGCCCT
GGAGACTTCGGGTCTGATGTCTCGCACCTAAATCTTCACAAGACCTTCTGCATTCCCCAC
GGAGGAGGTGGTCCTGGCATGGGGCCCATCGGAGTGAAGAAACATCTCGCCCCGTTTTTG
CCCAATCATCCCGTCATTTCACTAAAGCGGAATGAGGATGCCTGTCCTGTGGGAACCGTC
AGTGCGGCCCCATGGGGCTCCAGTTCCATCTTGCCCATTTCCTGGGCTTATATCAAGATG
ATGGGAGGCAAGGGTCTTAAACAAGCCACGGAAACTGCGATATTAAATGCCAACTACATG
GCCAAGCGATTAGAAACACACTACAGAATTCTTTTCAGGGGTGCAAGAGGTTATGTGGGT
CATGAATTTATTTTGGACACGAGACCCTTCAAAAAGTCTGCAAATATTGAGGCTGTGGAT
GTGGCCAAGAGACTCCAGGATTATGGATTTCACGCCCCTACCATGTCCTGGCCTGTGGCA
GGGACCCTCATGGTGGAGCCCACTGAGTCGGAGGACAAGGCAGAGCTGGACAGATTCTGT
GATGCCATGATCAGCATTCGGCAGGAAATTGCTGACATTGAGGAGGGCCGCATCGACCCC
AGGGTCAATCCGCTGAAGATGTCTCCACACTCCCTGACCTGCGTTACATCTTCCCACTGG
GACCGGCCTTATTCCAGAGAGGTGGCAGCATTCCCACTCCCCTTCGTGAAACCAGAGAAC
AAATTCTGGCCAACGATTGCCCGGATTGATGACATATATGGAGATCAGCACCTGGTTTGT
ACCTGCCCACCCATGGAAGTTTATGAGTCTCCATTTTCTGAACAAAAGAGGGCGTCTTCT
TAG
Enzyme 3 GenBank Gene ID AK314156 Link Image
Enzyme 3 GeneCard ID GLDC Link Image
Enzyme 3 GenAtlas ID GLDC Link Image
Enzyme 3 HGNC ID HGNC:4313 Link Image
Enzyme 3 Chromosome Location 9
Enzyme 3 Locus 9p22
Enzyme 3 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 3 General References
  1. Kure S, Narisawa K, Tada K: Structural and expression analyses of normal and mutant mRNA encoding glycine decarboxylase: three-base deletion in mRNA causes nonketotic hyperglycinemia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Feb 14;174(3):1176-82. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Kume A, Koyata H, Sakakibara T, Ishiguro Y, Kure S, Hiraga K: The glycine cleavage system. Molecular cloning of the chicken and human glycine decarboxylase cDNAs and some characteristics involved in the deduced protein structures. J Biol Chem. 1991 Feb 15;266(5):3323-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR, Plumb RW, Loveland JE, Howe KL, Andrews TD, Searle S, Hunt SE, Scott CE, Jones MC, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ambrose KD, Ashwell RI, Babbage AK, Babbage S, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Barker DJ, Barlow KF, Bates K, Beasley H, Beasley O, Bird CP, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford D, Burrill W, Burton J, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Chen Y, Clarke G, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Collier RE, Corby N, Crosier M, Cummings AT, Davies J, Dhami P, Dunn M, Dutta I, Dyer LW, Earthrowl ME, Faulkner L, Fleming CJ, Frankish A, Frankland JA, French L, Fricker DG, Garner P, Garnett J, Ghori J, Gilbert JG, Glison C, Grafham DV, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Griffiths-Jones S, Grocock R, Guy J, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Harrison ES, Hart EA, Heath PD, Henderson CD, Hopkins BL, Howard PJ, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Johnson C, Johnson D, Joy AA, Kay M, Keenan S, Kershaw JK, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Langford C, Lawlor S, Leongamornlert DA, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell J, Martin S, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nisbett J, Nordsiek G, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Porter KM, Pandian R, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Povey S, Ramsey Y, Rand V, Scharfe M, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims SK, Skuce CD, Smith M, Steward CA, Swarbreck D, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans A, Thomas DW, Wall M, Wallis JM, West AP, Whitehead SL, Willey DL, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Ashurst JL, Coulson A, Blocker H, Durbin R, Sulston JE, Hubbard T, Jackson MJ, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J, Dunham I: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):369-74. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Zahedi RP, Lewandrowski U, Wiesner J, Wortelkamp S, Moebius J, Schutz C, Walter U, Gambaryan S, Sickmann A: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets. J Proteome Res. 2008 Feb;7(2):526-34. Epub 2007 Dec 19. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Kure S, Takayanagi M, Narisawa K, Tada K, Leisti J: Identification of a common mutation in Finnish patients with nonketotic hyperglycinemia. J Clin Invest. 1992 Jul;90(1):160-4. [PubMed Link Image]
  8. Toone JR, Applegarth DA, Coulter-Mackie MB, James ER: Recurrent mutations in P- and T-proteins of the glycine cleavage complex and a novel T-protein mutation (N145I): a strategy for the molecular investigation of patients with nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH). Mol Genet Metab. 2001 Apr;72(4):322-5. [PubMed Link Image]
  9. Applegarth DA, Toone JR: Nonketotic hyperglycinemia (glycine encephalopathy): laboratory diagnosis. Mol Genet Metab. 2001 Sep-Oct;74(1-2):139-46. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 3 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 4 [top]
Enzyme 4 ID 6344
Enzyme 4 Name Pyridoxal kinase
Enzyme 4 Synonyms
  1. Pyridoxine kinase
Enzyme 4 Gene Name PDXK
Enzyme 4 Protein Sequence >Pyridoxal kinase
MEEECRVLSIQSHVIRGYVGNRAATFPLQVLGFEIDAVNSVQFSNHTGYAHWKGQVLNSD
ELQELYEGLRLNNMNKYDYVLTGYTRDKSFLAMVVDIVQELKQQNPRLVYVCDPVLGDKW
DGEGSMYVPEDLLPVYKEKVVPLADIITPNQFEAELLSGRKIHSQEEALRVMDMLHSMGP
DTVVITSSDLPSPQGSNYLIVLGSQRRRNPAGSVVMERIRMDIRKVDAVFVGTGDLFAAM
LLAWTHKHPNNLKVACEKTVSTLHHVLQRTIQCAKAQAGEGVRPSPMQLELRMVQSKRDI
EDPEIVVQATVL
Enzyme 4 Number of Residues 312
Enzyme 4 Molecular Weight 35102.1
Enzyme 4 Theoretical pI 6.05
Enzyme 4 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • kinase activity
  • pyridoxal kinase activity
  • transferase activity
  • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Process
  • metabolic process
  • pyridoxine biosynthetic process
  • pyridoxine metabolic process
  • small molecule metabolic process
  • vitamin B6 metabolic process
  • vitamin metabolic process
  • water-soluble vitamin metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 4 General Function Involved in pyridoxal kinase activity
Enzyme 4 Specific Function Required for synthesis of pyridoxal-5-phosphate from vitamin B6
Enzyme 4 Pathways
Enzyme 4 Reactions
  • ATP + pyridoxal = ADP + pyridoxal 5'-phosphate [RN:R00174]
Enzyme 4 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 4 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 4 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 4 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 4 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O00764 Link Image
Enzyme 4 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PDXK_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB ID 1RFV Link Image
Enzyme 4 PDB File Show
Enzyme 4 3D Structure
Enzyme 4 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 4 Gene Sequence >939 bp
ATGGAGGAGGAGTGCCGGGTGCTCTCCATACAGAGCCACGTCATCCGCGGCTACGTGGGC
AACCGGGCGGCCACGTTCCCGCTGCAGGTTTTGGGATTTGAGATTGACGCGGTGAACTCT
GTCCAGTTTTCAAACCACACAGGCTATGCCCACTGGAAGGGCCAAGTGCTGAATTCAGAT
GAGCTCCAGGAGTTGTACGAAGGCCTGAGGCTGAACAACATGAATAAATATGACTACGTG
CTCACAGGTTATACGAGGGACAAGTCGTTCCTGGCCATGGTGGTGGACATTGTGCAGGAG
CTGAAGCAGCAGAACCCCAGGCTGGTGTACGTGTGTGATCCAGTCTTGGGTGACAAGTGG
GACGGCGAAGGCTCGATGTACGTCCCGGAGGACCTCCTTCCCGTCTACAAAGAAAAAGTG
GTGCCGCTTGCAGACATTATCACGCCCAACCAGTTTGAGGCCGAGTTACTGAGTGGCCGG
AAGATCCACAGCCAGGAGGAAGCCTTGCGGGTGATGGACATGCTGCACTCTATGGGCCCC
GACACCGTGGTCATCACCAGCTCCGACCTGCCCTCCCCGCAGGGCAGCAACTACCTGATT
GTGCTGGGGAGTCAGAGGAGGAGGAATCCCGCTGGCTCCGTGGTGATGGAACGCATCCGG
ATGGACATTCGCAAAGTGGACGCCGTCTTTGTGGGCACTGGGGACCTGTTTGCTGCCATG
CTCCTGGCGTGGACACACAAGCACCCCAATAACCTCAAGGTGGCCTGTGAGAAGACCGTG
TCTACCTTGCACCACGTTCTGCAGAGGACCATCCAGTGTGCAAAAGCCCAGGCCGGGGAA
GGAGTGAGGCCCAGCCCCATGCAGCTGGAGCTGCGGATGGTGCAGAGCAAAAGGGACATC
GAGGACCCAGAGATCGTCGTCCAGGCCACGGTGCTGTGA
Enzyme 4 GenBank Gene ID U89606 Link Image
Enzyme 4 GeneCard ID PDXK Link Image
Enzyme 4 GenAtlas ID PDXK Link Image
Enzyme 4 HGNC ID HGNC:8819 Link Image
Enzyme 4 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 4 Locus 21q22.3
Enzyme 4 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 4 General References
  1. Hanna MC, Turner AJ, Kirkness EF: Human pyridoxal kinase. cDNA cloning, expression, and modulation by ligands of the benzodiazepine receptor. J Biol Chem. 1997 Apr 18;272(16):10756-60. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Fang X, Zhou ZM, Lu L, Yin LL, Li JM, Zhen Y, Wang H, Sha JH: Expression of a novel pyridoxal kinase mRNA splice variant, PKH-T, in human testis. Asian J Androl. 2004 Jun;6(2):83-91. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, Watanabe H, Yada T, Park HS, Toyoda A, Ishii K, Totoki Y, Choi DK, Groner Y, Soeda E, Ohki M, Takagi T, Sakaki Y, Taudien S, Blechschmidt K, Polley A, Menzel U, Delabar J, Kumpf K, Lehmann R, Patterson D, Reichwald K, Rump A, Schillhabel M, Schudy A, Zimmermann W, Rosenthal A, Kudoh J, Schibuya K, Kawasaki K, Asakawa S, Shintani A, Sasaki T, Nagamine K, Mitsuyama S, Antonarakis SE, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Nordsiek G, Hornischer K, Brant P, Scharfe M, Schon O, Desario A, Reichelt J, Kauer G, Blocker H, Ramser J, Beck A, Klages S, Hennig S, Riesselmann L, Dagand E, Haaf T, Wehrmeyer S, Borzym K, Gardiner K, Nizetic D, Francis F, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Yaspo ML: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21. Nature. 2000 May 18;405(6784):311-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  5. Lee HS, Moon BJ, Choi SY, Kwon OS: Human pyridoxal kinase: overexpression and properties of the recombinant enzyme. Mol Cells. 2000 Aug 31;10(4):452-9. [PubMed Link Image]
  6. Daub H, Olsen JV, Bairlein M, Gnad F, Oppermann FS, Korner R, Greff Z, Keri G, Stemmann O, Mann M: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. Mol Cell. 2008 Aug 8;31(3):438-48. [PubMed Link Image]
  7. Oppermann FS, Gnad F, Olsen JV, Hornberger R, Greff Z, Keri G, Mann M, Daub H: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009 Jul;8(7):1751-64. Epub 2009 Apr 15. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 4 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 5 [top]
Enzyme 5 ID 9426
Enzyme 5 Name Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase
Enzyme 5 Synonyms
  1. PLP phosphatase
Enzyme 5 Gene Name PDXP
Enzyme 5 Protein Sequence >Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase
MARCERLRGAALRDVLGRAQGVLFDCDGVLWNGERAVPGAPELLERLARAGKAALFVSNN
SRRARPELALRFARLGFGGLRAEQLFSSALCAARLLRQRLPGPPDAPGAVFVLGGEGLRA
ELRAAGLRLAGDPSAGDGAAPRVRAVLVGYDEHFSFAKLREACAHLRDPECLLVATDRDP
WHPLSDGSRTPGTGSLAAAVETASGRQALVVGKPSPYMFECITENFSIDPARTLMVGDRL
ETDILFGHRCGMTTVLTLTGVSRLEEAQAYLAAGQHDLVPHYYVESIADLTEGLED
Enzyme 5 Number of Residues 296
Enzyme 5 Molecular Weight 31697.7
Enzyme 5 Theoretical pI 6.51
Enzyme 5 GO Classification
Function
  • catalytic activity
  • hydrolase activity
  • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
  • phosphatase activity
  • phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
Process
  • metabolic process
Component
Enzyme 5 General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Enzyme 5 Specific Function Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase. Has some activity towards pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PMP) and Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP), with a highest activity with PLP followed by PNP
Enzyme 5 Pathways
Enzyme 5 Reactions
  • pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + H2O = pyridoxal + phosphate [RN:R00173]
Enzyme 5 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 5 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 5 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 5 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 5 GenBank ID Protein Not Available
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96GD0 Link Image
Enzyme 5 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PLPP_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 5 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 5 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 5 Gene Sequence >891 bp
ATGGCGCGCTGCGAGAGGCTGCGCGGAGCGGCCCTGCGCGACGTGCTGGGCCGGGCGCAG
GGGGTCCTGTTCGACTGTGACGGGGTGCTGTGGAACGGCGAGCGCGCCGTGCCGGGCGCC
CCGGAGCTGCTGGAGCGGCTGGCGCGGGCCGGCAAGGCGGCTCTGTTTGTGAGCAACAAC
AGCCGGCGCGCGCGGCCCGAGCTGGCCCTGCGCTTCGCGCGCCTCGGCTTCGGGGGGCTG
CGCGCCGAGCAGCTCTTCAGCTCCGCGCTGTGCGCCGCGCGCCTGCTGCGCCAGCGCCTG
CCCGGGCCTCCGGACGCGCCGGGCGCCGTGTTCGTGCTGGGCGGCGAGGGGCTGCGCGCC
GAGCTGCGCGCCGCGGGGCTGCGCCTGGCCGGGGACCCGAGCGCGGGGGACGGCGCGGCC
CCGCGCGTGCGCGCCGTGCTTGTGGGCTACGACGAGCACTTCTCCTTCGCCAAGCTGAGG
GAGGCGTGCGCGCACCTGCGCGACCCCGAGTGCCTACTCGTGGCCACCGACCGTGACCCA
TGGCACCCGCTGAGCGACGGCAGCCGGACCCCTGGCACCGGGAGCCTGGCCGCTGCAGTG
GAGACAGCCTCGGGACGCCAGGCCCTGGTGGTGGGCAAGCCCAGCCCCTACATGTTCGAG
TGCATCACGGAGAACTTCAGCATCGACCCCGCACGCACGCTTATGGTGGGTGACCGCCTG
GAGACCGACATCCTCTTTGGCCACCGCTGCGGCATGACCACTGTGCTCACGCTCACAGGA
GTCTCCCGCCTAGAAGAGGCCCAGGCCTACCTAGCGGCCGGCCAGCACGACCTCGTGCCC
CATTACTATGTGGAGAGCATCGCAGACTTGACAGAGGGGTTGGAGGACTGA
Enzyme 5 GenBank Gene ID AY125047 Link Image
Enzyme 5 GeneCard ID PDXP Link Image
Enzyme 5 GenAtlas ID PDXP Link Image
Enzyme 5 HGNC ID HGNC:30259 Link Image
Enzyme 5 Chromosome Location 2
Enzyme 5 Locus 22cen-q12.3
Enzyme 5 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 5 General References
  1. Jang YM, Kim DW, Kang TC, Won MH, Baek NI, Moon BJ, Choi SY, Kwon OS: Human pyridoxal phosphatase. Molecular cloning, functional expression, and tissue distribution. J Biol Chem. 2003 Dec 12;278(50):50040-6. Epub 2003 Sep 30. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95. [PubMed Link Image]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
  4. Gao G, Fonda ML: Identification of an essential cysteine residue in pyridoxal phosphatase from human erythrocytes. J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 18;269(11):8234-9. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 5 Metabolite References Not Available
Enzyme 6 [top]
Enzyme 6 ID 13071
Enzyme 6 Name Aldehyde oxidase 1
Enzyme 6 Synonyms
  1. SubName: Aldehyde oxidase 1, isoform CRA_b
  2. SubName: Aldeyde oxidase
Enzyme 6 Gene Name hAO
Enzyme 6 Protein Sequence >Aldehyde oxidase 1
MDRASELLFYVNGRKVIEKNVDPETMLLPYLRKKLRLTGTKYGCGGGGCGACTVMISRYN
PITKRIRHHPANACLIPICSLYGAAVTTVEGIGSTHTRIHPVQERIAKCHGTQCGFCTPG
MVMSIYTLLRNHPEPTLDQLTDALGGNLCRCTGYRPIIDACKTFCKTSGCCQSKENGVCC
LDQGINGLPEFEEGSKTSPKLFAEEEFLPLDPTQELIFPPELMIMAEKQSQRTRVFGSER
MMWFSPVTLKELLEFKFKYPQAPVIMGNTSVGPEVKFKGVFHPVIISPDRIEELSVVNHA
YNGLTLGAGLSLAQVKDILADVVQKLPEEKTQMYHALLKHLGTLAGSQIRNMASLGGHII
SRHPDSDLNPILAVGNCTLNLLSKEGKRQIPLNEQFLSKCPNADLKPQEILVSVNIPYSR
KWEFVSAFRQAQRQENALAIVNSGMRVFFGEGDGIIRELCISYGGVGPATICAKNSCQKL
IGRHWNEQMLDIACRLILNEVSLLGSAPGGKVEFKRTLIISFLFKFYLEVSQILKKMDPV
HYPSLADKYESALEDLHSKHHCSTLKYQNIGPKQHPEDPIGHPIMHLSGVKHATGEAIYC
DDMPLVDQELFLTFVTSSRAHAKIVSIDLSEALSMPGVVDIMTAEHLSDVNSFCFFTEAE
KFLATDKVFCVGQLVCAVLADSEVQAKRAAKRVKIVYQDLEPLILTIEESIQHNSSFKPE
RKLEYGNVDEAFKVVDQILEGEIHMGGQEHFYMETQSMLVVPKGEDQEMDVYVSTQFPKY
IQDIVASTLKLPANKVMCHVRRVGGAFGGKVLKTGIIAAVTAFAANKHGRAVRCVLERGE
DMLITGGRHPYLGKYKAGFMNDGRILALDMEHYSNAGASLDESLFVIEMGLLKMDNAYKF
PNLRCRGWACRTNLPSNTAFRGFGFPQAALITESCITEVAAKCGLSPEKVRIINMYKEID
QTPYKQEINAKNLIQCWRECMAMSSYSLRKVAVEKFNAENYWKKKGLAMVPLKFPVGLGS
RAAGQAAALVHIYLDGSVLVTHGGIEMGQGVHTKMIQVVSRELRMPMSNVHLRGTSTETV
PNANISGGSVVADLNGLAVKDACQTLLKRLEPIISKNPKGTWKDWAQTAFDESINLSAVG
YFRGYESDMNWEKGEGQPFEYFVYGAACSEVEIDCLTGDHKNIRTDIVMDVGCSINPAID
IGQIEGAFIQGMGLYTIEELNYSPQGILHTRGPDQYKIPAICDMPTELHIALLPPSQNSN
TLYSSKGLGESGVFLGCSVFFAIHDAVSAARQERGLHGPLTLNSPLTPEKIRMACEDKFT
KMIPRDEPGSYVPWNVPI
Enzyme 6 Number of Residues 1338
Enzyme 6 Molecular Weight 147916.7
Enzyme 6 Theoretical pI 7.17
Enzyme 6 GO Classification
Function
  • FAD or FADH2 binding
  • NAD or NADH binding
  • adenyl nucleotide binding
  • binding
  • catalytic activity
  • cation binding
  • electron carrier activity
  • ion binding
  • iron ion binding
  • iron-sulfur cluster binding
  • metal cluster binding
  • metal ion binding
  • nucleoside binding
  • nucleotide binding
  • oxidoreductase activity
  • purine nucleoside binding
  • transition metal ion binding
Process
  • metabolic process
  • oxidation reduction
Component
Enzyme 6 General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Enzyme 6 Specific Function Not Available
Enzyme 6 Pathways
Enzyme 6 Reactions
  • an aldehyde + H2O + O2 = a carboxylic acid + H2O2 [RN:R00635]
Enzyme 6 Pfam Domain Function
Enzyme 6 Signals
  • None
Enzyme 6 Transmembrane Regions
  • None
Enzyme 6 Essentiality Not Available
Enzyme 6 GenBank ID Protein 13516379 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q9BYF0 Link Image
Enzyme 6 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name Q9BYF0_HUMAN Link Image
Enzyme 6 PDB ID Not Available
Enzyme 6 Cellular Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Gene Sequence >4017 bp
ATGGACCGGGCGTCCGAGCTGCTCTTCTACGTGAACGGCCGCAAGGTGATAGAAAAAAAT
GTCGATCCTGAAACAATGCTGTTGCCTTATTTGAGGAAGAAGCTTCGACTCACAGGAACT
AAGTATGGCTGTGGAGGAGGAGGCTGTGGTGCTTGTACAGTGATGATATCACGATACAAC
CCCATCACCAAGAGGATAAGGCATCACCCAGCCAATGCCTGTCTGATTCCCATCTGTTCT
CTGTATGGTGCTGCCGTCACCACAGTAGAAGGCATAGGAAGCACCCACACCAGAATTCAT
CCTGTTCAGGAGAGGATTGCCAAGTGTCATGGCACCCAGTGTGGCTTCTGCACACCTGGG
ATGGTGATGTCCATCTACACGCTGCTCAGGAACCACCCAGAGCCCACTCTGGATCAGTTA
ACTGATGCCCTTGGTGGTAACCTGTGCCGTTGCACTGGATACAGGCCCATAATTGATGCA
TGCAAGACTTTCTGTAAAACTTCGGGCTGCTGTCAAAGTAAAGAAAATGGGGTTTGCTGT
TTGGATCAAGGAATCAATGGATTGCCAGAATTTGAGGAAGGAAGTAAGACAAGTCCAAAA
CTCTTCGCAGAAGAGGAGTTTCTGCCATTGGATCCAACCCAGGAACTGATATTTCCTCCT
GAGCTAATGATAATGGCTGAGAAACAGTCGCAAAGGACCAGGGTGTTTGGCAGTGAGAGA
ATGATGTGGTTTTCCCCCGTGACCCTGAAGGAACTGCTGGAATTTAAATTCAAGTATCCC
CAGGCTCCTGTTATCATGGGAAACACCTCTGTGGGGCCTGAAGTGAAATTTAAAGGCGTC
TTTCACCCAGTTATAATTTCTCCTGATAGAATTGAAGAACTGAGTGTTGTAAACCATGCA
TATAATGGACTCACCCTTGGTGCTGGTCTCAGCCTAGCCCAGGTGAAGGACATTTTGGCT
GATGTAGTCCAGAAGCTTCCAGAGGAGAAGACACAGATGTACCATGCTCTCCTGAAGCAT
TTGGGAACTCTGGCTGGGTCCCAGATCAGGAACATGGCTTCTTTAGGGGGACACATCATT
AGCAGGCATCCAGATTCAGATCTGAATCCCATCCTGGCTGTGGGTAACTGTACCCTCAAC
TTGCTATCAAAAGAAGGAAAACGACAGATTCCTTTAAATGAGCAATTCCTCAGCAAGTGC
CCTAATGCAGATCTTAAGCCTCAAGAAATCTTGGTCTCAGTGAACATCCCCTACTCAAGG
AAGTGGGAATTTGTGTCAGCCTTCCGACAAGCCCAGCGACAGGAGAATGCGCTAGCGATA
GTCAATTCAGGAATGAGAGTCTTTTTTGGAGAAGGGGATGGCATTATTAGAGAGTTATGC
ATCTCATATGGAGGCGTTGGTCCAGCCACCATCTGTGCCAAGAATTCCTGCCAGAAACTC
ATTGGAAGGCACTGGAACGAACAGATGCTGGATATAGCCTGCAGGCTTATTCTGAATGAA
GTCTCCCTTTTGGGCTCGGCGCCAGGTGGGAAAGTGGAGTTCAAGAGGACTCTCATCATC
AGCTTCCTCTTCAAGTTCTACCTGGAAGTGTCACAGATTTTGAAAAAGATGGATCCAGTT
CACTATCCTAGCCTTGCAGACAAGTATGAAAGTGCTTTAGAAGATCTTCATTCCAAACAT
CACTGCAGTACATTAAAGTACCAGAATATAGGCCCAAAGCAGCATCCTGAAGACCCAATT
GGCCACCCCATCATGCATCTGTCTGGTGTGAAGCATGCCACGGGGGAGGCCATCTACTGT
GATGACATGCCTCTGGTGGACCAGGAACTTTTCTTGACTTTTGTGACTAGTTCAAGAGCT
CATGCTAAGATTGTGTCTATTGATCTGTCAGAAGCTCTCAGCATGCCCGGTGTGGTGGAC
ATCATGACAGCAGAACATCTTAGTGACGTCAACTCCTTCTGCTTTTTTACTGAAGCTGAG
AAATTTCTGGCGACAGATAAGGTGTTCTGTGTGGGTCAGCTTGTCTGTGCTGTGCTTGCC
GATTCTGAGGTTCAGGCAAAGCGAGCTGCTAAGCGAGTGAAGATTGTCTATCAAGACTTG
GAGCCGCTGATACTAACAATTGAGGAAAGTATACAACACAACTCCTCCTTCAAGCCAGAA
AGGAAACTGGAATATGGAAATGTTGACGAAGCATTTAAAGTGGTTGATCAAATTCTTGAA
GGTGAAATACATATGGGAGGTCAAGAACATTTTTATATGGAAACCCAAAGCATGCTTGTC
GTTCCCAAGGGAGAGGATCAAGAAATGGATGTCTACGTGTCCACACAGTTTCCCAAATAT
ATACAGGACATTGTTGCCTCAACCTTGAAGCTCCCAGCTAACAAGGTCATGTGCCATGTA
AGGCGTGTTGGTGGAGCGTTTGGAGGGAAGGTGTTAAAAACCGGAATCATTGCAGCCGTC
ACTGCATTTGCCGCAAACAAACATGGCCGTGCAGTTCGCTGTGTTCTGGAACGAGGAGAA
GACATGTTAATAACTGGAGGCCGCCATCCTTACCTTGGAAAGTACAAAGCTGGATTCATG
AACGATGGCAGAATCTTGGCCCTGGACATGGAGCATTACAGCAATGCAGGCGCCTCCTTG
GATGAATCATTATTCGTGATAGAAATGGGACTTCTGAAAATGGACAATGCTTACAAGTTT
CCCAATCTCCGCTGCCGGGGTTGGGCATGCAGAACCAACCTTCCATCCAACACAGCTTTT
CGTGGGTTTGGCTTTCCTCAGGCAGCGCTGATCACCGAATCTTGTATCACGGAAGTTGCA
GCCAAATGTGGACTATCCCCTGAGAAGGTGCGAATCATAAACATGTACAAGGAAATTGAT
CAAACACCCTACAAACAAGAGATCAATGCCAAGAACCTAATCCAGTGTTGGAGAGAATGT
ATGGCCATGTCTTCCTACTCCTTGAGGAAAGTTGCTGTGGAAAAGTTCAATGCAGAGAAT
TATTGGAAGAAGAAAGGACTGGCCATGGTCCCCCTGAAGTTTCCTGTTGGCCTTGGCTCA
CGTGCTGCTGGTCAGGCTGCTGCCTTGGTTCACATTTATCTTGATGGCTCTGTGCTGGTC
ACTCACGGTGGAATTGAAATGGGGCAGGGGGTCCACACTAAAATGATTCAGGTGGTCAGC
CGTGAATTAAGAATGCCAATGTCGAATGTCCACCTGCGTGGAACAAGCACAGAAACTGTC
CCTAATGCAAATATCTCTGGAGGTTCTGTGGTGGCAGATCTCAACGGTTTGGCAGTAAAG
GATGCCTGTCAAACTCTTCTAAAACGCCTCGAACCCATCATCAGCAAGAATCCTAAAGGA
ACTTGGAAAGACTGGGCACAGACTGCTTTTGATGAAAGCATTAACCTTTCAGCTGTTGGA
TACTTCAGAGGTTATGAGTCAGACATGAACTGGGAGAAAGGCGAAGGCCAGCCCTTCGAA
TACTTTGTTTATGGAGCTGCCTGTTCCGAGGTTGAAATAGACTGCCTGACGGGGGATCAT
AAGAACATCAGAACAGACATTGTCATGGATGTTGGCTGCAGTATAAATCCAGCCATTGAC
ATAGGCCAGATTGAAGGTGCATTTATTCAAGGCATGGGACTTTATACAATAGAGGAACTG
AATTATTCTCCCCAGGGCATTCTGCACACTCGTGGTCCAGACCAATATAAAATCCCTGCC
ATCTGTGACATGCCCACGGAGTTGCACATTGCTTTGTTGCCTCCTTCTCAAAACTCAAAT
ACTCTTTATTCATCTAAGGGTCTGGGAGAGTCGGGGGTGTTCCTGGGGTGTTCCGTGTTT
TTCGCTATCCATGACGCAGTGAGTGCAGCACGACAGGAGAGAGGCCTGCATGGACCCTTG
ACCCTTAATAGTCCACTGACCCCGGAGAAGATTAGGATGGCCTGTGAAGACAAGTTCACA
AAAATGATTCCGAGAGATGAACCTGGATCCTACGTTCCTTGGAATGTACCCATCTGA
Enzyme 6 GenBank Gene ID AB046692 Link Image
Enzyme 6 GeneCard ID hAO Link Image
Enzyme 6 GenAtlas ID hAO Link Image
Enzyme 6 HGNC ID HGNC:553 Link Image
Enzyme 6 Chromosome Location Not Available
Enzyme 6 Locus Not Available
Enzyme 6 SNPs SNPJam Report Link Image
Enzyme 6 General References
  1. Ichida K, Matsumura T, Sakuma R, Hosoya T, Nishino T: Mutation of human molybdenum cofactor sulfurase gene is responsible for classical xanthinuria type II. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Apr 20;282(5):1194-200. [PubMed Link Image]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed Link Image]
Enzyme 6 Metabolite References Not Available