1. DL-Methionine sulfoxide
2. L-Methionine sulfoxide
3. S-oxide-methionine
4. alpha-amino-gamma-(methylsulfinyl)-Butyric acid
5. 2-amino-4-(methylsulfinyl)-Butanoic acid
6. 2-amino-4-(methylsulfinyl)-Butanoate
7. L-methionine R-oxide;L-methionine (S)-S-oxide

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• Cytoplasm (Predicted from LogP)

• Blood
• Urine

1. Schallreuter KU: Functioning methionine-S-sulfoxide reductases A and B are present in human skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2006 May;126(5):947-9. [PubMed ]
2. O'Donohue TL, Charlton CG, Thoa NB, Helke CJ, Moody TW, Pert A, Williams A, Miller RL, Jacobowitz DM: Release of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone into rat and human cerebrospinal fluid in vivo and from rat hypothalamus slices in vitro. Peptides. 1981 Spring;2(1):93-100. [PubMed ]
3. Boudier C, Cadene M, Bieth JG: Inhibition of neutrophil cathepsin G by oxidized mucus proteinase inhibitor. Effect of heparin. Biochemistry. 1999 Jun 29;38(26):8451-7. [PubMed ]
4. Mashima R, Nakanishi-Ueda T, Yamamoto Y: Simultaneous determination of methionine sulfoxide and methionine in blood plasma using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem. 2003 Feb 1;313(1):28-33. [PubMed ]

1. Peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase
2. Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B2, mitochondrial
3. Methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B3, mitochondrial

1. Peptide-methionine (S)-S-oxide reductase
2. Peptide Met(O) reductase
3. Protein-methionine-S-oxide reductase
4. PMSR

MLSATRRACQLLLLHSLFPVPRMGNSASNIVSPQEALPGRKEQTPVAAKHHVNGNRTVEP
FPEGTQMAVFGMGCFWGAERKFWVLKGVYSTQVGFAGGYTSNPTYKEVCSEKTGHAEVVR
VVYQPEHMSFEELLKVFWENHDPTQGMRQGNDHGTQYRSAIYPTSAKQMEAALSSKENYQ
KVLSEHGFGPITTDIREGQTFYYAEDYHQQYLSKNPNGYCGLGGTGVSCPVGIKK

• (1) peptide-L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = peptide-L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin [RN:R04120]
• (2) L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin [RN:R07606]

• PMSR (PF01625 )

• None

• None

ATGCTCTCGGCCACCCGGAGGGCTTGCCAGCTCCTCCTCCTCCACAGCCTCTTTCCCGTC
CCGAGGATGGGCAACTCGGCCTCGAACATCGTCAGCCCCCAGGAGGCCTTGCCGGGCCGG
AAGGAACAGACCCCTGTAGCGGCCAAACATCATGTCAATGGCAACAGAACAGTCGAACCT
TTCCCAGAGGGAACACAGATGGCTGTATTTGGAATGGGATGTTTCTGGGGAGCTGAAAGG
AAATTCTGGGTCTTGAAAGGAGTGTATTCAACTCAAGTTGGTTTTGCAGGAGGCTATACT
TCAAATCCTACTTATAAAGAAGTCTGCTCAGAAAAAACTGGCCATGCAGAAGTCGTCCGA
GTGGTGTACCAGCCAGAACACATGAGTTTTGAGGAACTGCTCAAGGTCTTCTGGGAGAAT
CACGACCCGACCCAAGGTATGCGCCAGGGGAACGACCATGGCACTCAGTACCGCTCGGCC
ATCTACCCGACCTCTGCCAAGCAAATGGAGGCAGCCCTGAGCTCCAAAGAGAACTACCAA
AAGGTTCTTTCAGAGCACGGCTTCGGCCCCATCACTACCGACATCCGGGAGGGACAGACT
TTCTACTATGCGGAAGACTACCACCAGCAGTACCTGAGCAAGAACCCCAATGGCTACTGC
GGCCTTGGGGGCACCGGCGTGTCCTGCCCAGTGGGTATTAAAAAATAA

1. Kuschel L, Hansel A, Schonherr R, Weissbach H, Brot N, Hoshi T, Heinemann SH: Molecular cloning and functional expression of a human peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase (hMsrA). FEBS Lett. 1999 Jul 30;456(1):17-21. [PubMed ]
2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]

1. MsrB2

MARLLWLLRGLTLGTAPRRAVRGQAGGGGPGTGPGLGEAGSLATCELPLAKSEWQKKLTP
EQFYVTREKGTEPPFSGIYLNNKEAGMYHCVCCDSPLFSSEKKYCSGTGWPSFSEAHGTS
GSDESHTGILRRLDTSLGSARTEVVCKQCEAHLGHVFPDGPGPNGQRFCINSVALKFKPR
KH

• SelR (PF01641 )

• None

• None

ATGGCGCGGCTCCTCTGGTTGCTCCGGGGCCTGACCCTCGGAACTGCGCCTCGGCGGGCG
GTGCGGGGCCAAGCGGGCGGCGGCGGGCCCGGCACCGGGCCGGGACTGGGGGAGGCAGGG
TCTCTTGCAACGTGTGAGCTGCCTCTTGCCAAGAGTGAGTGGCAAAAGAAACTAACCCCG
GAGCAGTTCTACGTCACAAGAGAAAAGGGAACGGAACCGCCTTTCAGTGGGATCTACCTG
AATAACAAGGAAGCAGGAATGTATCATTGCGTGTGCTGCGACAGTCCACTCTTCAGTTCT
GAGAAAAAGTACTGCTCTGGCACTGGGTGGCCTTCGTTTTCCGAGGCTCATGGTACGTCT
GGCTCTGATGAAAGCCACACAGGGATCCTGAGACGTCTGGATACCTCGTTAGGATCAGCT
CGCACAGAGGTTGTCTGCAAGCAGTGTGAAGCTCATCTAGGTCACGTGTTTCCTGATGGA
CCTGGGCCCAATGGTCAGAGGTTTTGCATCAACAGTGTGGCTTTGAAGTTCAAACCAAGG
AAACACTGA

1. Huang W, Escribano J, Sarfarazi M, Coca-Prados M: Identification, expression and chromosome localization of a human gene encoding a novel protein with similarity to the pilB family of transcriptional factors (pilin) and to bacterial peptide methionine sulfoxide reductases. Gene. 1999 Jun 11;233(1-2):233-40. [PubMed ]
2. Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, Liu CS, Lin W: Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics. Genome Res. 2000 May;10(5):703-13. [PubMed ]
3. Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004 May 27;429(6990):375-81. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Marchetti MA, Pizarro GO, Sagher D, Deamicis C, Brot N, Hejtmancik JF, Weissbach H, Kantorow M: Methionine sulfoxide reductases B1, B2, and B3 are present in the human lens and confer oxidative stress resistance to lens cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Jun;46(6):2107-12. [PubMed ]

1. MsrB3

MSAFNLLHLVTKSQPVALRACGLPSGSCRDKKNCKVVFSQQELRKRLTPLQYHVTQEKGT
ESAFEGEYTHHKDPGIYKCVVCGTPLFKSETKFDSGSGWPSFHDVINSEAITFTDDFSYG
MHRVETSCSQCGAHLGHIFDDGPRPTGKRYCINSAALSFTPADSSGTAEGGSGVASPAQA
DKAEL

• SelR (PF01641 )

• None

• None

ATGTCTGCATTCAACCTGCTGCATTTGGTGACAAAGAGCCAGCCAGTAGCCCTTCGAGCC
TGTGGGCTTCCCTCAGGGTCGTGTAGGGATAAAAAGAACTGTAAGGTGGTCTTTTCCCAG
CAGGAACTGAGGAAGCGGCTAACACCCCTGCAGTACCATGTCACTCAGGAGAAAGGGACC
GAAAGTGCCTTTGAAGGAGAATACACACATCACAAAGATCCTGGAATATATAAATGTGTT
GTTTGTGGAACTCCATTGTTTAAGTCAGAAACCAAATTTGACTCCGGTTCAGGTTGGCCT
TCATTCCACGATGTGATCAATTCTGAGGCAATCACATTCACAGATGACTTTTCCTATGGG
ATGCACAGGGTGGAAACAAGCTGCTCTCAGTGTGGTGCTCACCTTGGGCACATTTTTGAT
GATGGGCCTCGTCCAACTGGGAAAAGATACTGCATAAATTCGGCTGCCTTGTCTTTTACA
CCTGCGGATAGCAGTGGCACCGCCGAGGGAGGCAGTGGGGTCGCCAGCCCGGCCCAGGCA
GACAAAGCGGAGCTCTAG

1. Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, Chen J, Chow B, Chui C, Crowley C, Currell B, Deuel B, Dowd P, Eaton D, Foster J, Grimaldi C, Gu Q, Hass PE, Heldens S, Huang A, Kim HS, Klimowski L, Jin Y, Johnson S, Lee J, Lewis L, Liao D, Mark M, Robbie E, Sanchez C, Schoenfeld J, Seshagiri S, Simmons L, Singh J, Smith V, Stinson J, Vagts A, Vandlen R, Watanabe C, Wieand D, Woods K, Xie MH, Yansura D, Yi S, Yu G, Yuan J, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Goddard A, Wood WI, Godowski P, Gray A: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res. 2003 Oct;13(10):2265-70. Epub 2003 Sep 15. [PubMed ]
2. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed ]
3. Bechtel S, Rosenfelder H, Duda A, Schmidt CP, Ernst U, Wellenreuther R, Mehrle A, Schuster C, Bahr A, Blocker H, Heubner D, Hoerlein A, Michel G, Wedler H, Kohrer K, Ottenwalder B, Poustka A, Wiemann S, Schupp I: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA Consortium. BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 31;8:399. [PubMed ]
4. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed ]
5. Kim HY, Gladyshev VN: Methionine sulfoxide reduction in mammals: characterization of methionine-R-sulfoxide reductases. Mol Biol Cell. 2004 Mar;15(3):1055-64. Epub 2003 Dec 29. [PubMed ]
6. Marchetti MA, Pizarro GO, Sagher D, Deamicis C, Brot N, Hejtmancik JF, Weissbach H, Kantorow M: Methionine sulfoxide reductases B1, B2, and B3 are present in the human lens and confer oxidative stress resistance to lens cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Jun;46(6):2107-12. [PubMed ]
7. Kim HY, Gladyshev VN: Different catalytic mechanisms in mammalian selenocysteine- and cysteine-containing methionine-R-sulfoxide reductases. PLoS Biol. 2005 Dec;3(12):e375. Epub 2005 Nov 8. [PubMed ]