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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2006-05-22 14:17:32 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:16:03 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0002016
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB02016
Metabolite Identification
Common Name4-Carboxyphenylglycine
Description4-Carboxyphenylglycine, also known as 4-CPG, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on 4-Carboxyphenylglycine.
Structure
Data?1676999763
Synonyms
ValueSource
(+-)- alpha-Amino-4-carboxy-benzeneacetic acidHMDB
(S)-4-CarboxyphenylglycineHMDB
4-CarboxylphenylglycineHMDB
4-CPGHMDB
4-[Amino(carboxy)methyl]benzoateHMDB
4-CarboxyphenylglycineMeSH
Chemical FormulaC9H9NO4
Average Molecular Weight195.1721
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight195.053157781
IUPAC Name4-[amino(carboxy)methyl]benzoic acid
Traditional Name4-carboxyphenylglycine
CAS Registry Number7292-81-1
SMILES
NC(C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C9H9NO4/c10-7(9(13)14)5-1-3-6(4-2-5)8(11)12/h1-4,7H,10H2,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)
InChI KeyVTMJKPGFERYGJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon).
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentAlpha amino acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Alpha-amino acid
  • Benzoic acid or derivatives
  • Benzoic acid
  • Benzoyl
  • Aralkylamine
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Amino acid
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Primary amine
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Amine
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility1.94 g/LALOGPS
logP-2.7ALOGPS
logP-1.9ChemAxon
logS-2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)1.38ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)8.87ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area100.62 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity47.62 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability18.43 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+142.431661259
DarkChem[M-H]-140.30631661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+139.29430932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-136.37230932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-172.74630932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+148.28430932474
AllCCS[M+H]+142.932859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+138.732859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+146.732859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+147.832859911
AllCCS[M-H]-139.732859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-140.332859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-141.032859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
4-CarboxyphenylglycineNC(C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(O)=O2730.7Standard polar33892256
4-CarboxyphenylglycineNC(C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(O)=O1762.1Standard non polar33892256
4-CarboxyphenylglycineNC(C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(O)=O2127.5Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C12013.5Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(N)C(=O)O)C=C12013.6Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,1TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C12096.7Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(N)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C11990.0Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C12081.6Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,2TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C12070.1Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,2TMS,isomer #4C[Si](C)(C)N(C(C(=O)O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C2239.8Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C12047.0Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C12042.2Standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C12263.9Standard polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C2179.8Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C2195.7Standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C2341.4Standard polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C12169.1Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C12142.8Standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C12378.3Standard polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C12160.1Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C12184.4Standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C12208.5Standard polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C12298.8Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(N)C(=O)O)C=C12300.0Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,1TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C12376.5Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(N)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C12496.8Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C12621.4Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,2TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C12609.5Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,2TBDMS,isomer #4CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(C(=O)O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2708.1Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C12736.9Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C12658.1Standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C12646.7Standard polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2901.2Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2788.4Standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2641.5Standard polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C12895.5Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C12711.1Standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C12675.0Standard polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C13047.8Semi standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C12932.4Standard non polar33892256
4-Carboxyphenylglycine,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C12638.9Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0udi-3900000000-b3d3b2a4df53c92fc1062017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0fk9-7591000000-c11217670ba88f4f8d922017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0ufr-0900000000-e120caf3490f6f1438672017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0900000000-b08501aff10fd9e309112017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0udi-1900000000-94c93c5d3a30eb4c7d1d2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0f6x-0900000000-50d9eab23e5b390141072017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udl-0900000000-3dc72aef06db252f355d2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0fmi-9800000000-a6ff281a0a33188e6c622017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0900000000-7bfab160e87920314fc92021-09-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004r-0900000000-21420528696c12897e9e2021-09-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-4900000000-2d731dfbc98915ff290a2021-09-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0006-0900000000-9d7d4ba6b6400f2702332021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0900000000-5146d76be6dfbfa16d222021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4-Carboxyphenylglycine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0fb9-9300000000-81f5978b7ad1f1dab3a12021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-29Wishart LabView Spectrum

IR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm (predicted from logP)
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022798
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID4934
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN ID6439
PubChem Compound5115
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID242989
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
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  2. Saul'skaia NB, Mikhailova MO: [Vesicular and nonvesicular glutamate release in the nucleus accumbens during a forced switch in behavioral strategy]. Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 2004 Jul-Aug;54(4):526-32. [PubMed:15481390 ]
  3. Car H, Oksztel R, Nadlewska A, Wisniewski K: NMDA receptor antagonists change behavioral activity of rats treated with (S)-4CPG. Pol J Pharmacol. 2001 Jul-Aug;53(4):331-9. [PubMed:11990079 ]
  4. Melendez RI, Vuthiganon J, Kalivas PW: Regulation of extracellular glutamate in the prefrontal cortex: focus on the cystine glutamate exchanger and group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Jul;314(1):139-47. Epub 2005 Mar 15. [PubMed:15769865 ]
  5. Kingston AE, Griffey K, Johnson MP, Chamberlain MJ, Kelly G, Tomlinson R, Wright RA, Johnson BG, Schoepp DD, Harris JR, Clark BP, Baker RS, Tizzano JT: Inhibition of group I metabotropic glutamate receptor responses in vivo in rats by a new generation of carboxyphenylglycine-like amino acid antagonists. Neurosci Lett. 2002 Sep 20;330(2):127-30. [PubMed:12231428 ]
  6. Kiss IJ, Farago E, Schnitzler J, Varhelyi I: Amoxycillin levels in human serum, bile, gallbladder, lung, and liver tissue. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol. 1981 Feb;19(2):69-74. [PubMed:7216553 ]
  7. Hunter L: Letter: Aerosol propellants as an occupational hazard in medical practice. Med J Aust. 1975 Aug 9;2(6):233. [PubMed:1160780 ]