| Record Information |
|---|
| Version |
3.5 |
| Creation Date |
2006-05-22 08:17:47 -0600 |
| Update Date |
2013-02-08 17:11:43 -0700 |
| HMDB ID |
HMDB02306 |
| Secondary Accession Numbers |
|
| Metabolite Identification |
|---|
| Common Name |
Hydrochloric acid |
| Description |
Hydrochloric acid constitutes the majority of gastric acid, the human digestive fluid. In a complex process and at a large energetic burden, it is secreted by parietal cells (also known as oxyntic cells). These cells contain an extensive secretory network (called canaliculi) from which the HCl is secreted into the lumen of the stomach. They are part of the epithelial fundic glands (also known as oxyntic glands) in the stomach. The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride gas (HCl). It is a strong acid, the major component of gastric acid and of wide industrial use. Hydrochloric acid must be handled with appropriate safety precautions because it is a highly corrosive liquid. Hydrochloric acid, or muriatic acid by its historical but still occasionally used name, has been an important and frequently used chemical from early history and was discovered by the alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan around the year 800. Hydrogen chloride, also known under the name HCl, is a highly corrosive and toxic colorless gas that forms white fumes on contact with humidity. These fumes consist of hydrochloric acid which forms when hydrogen chloride dissolves in water. The hydrogen chloride molecule HCl is a simple diatomic molecule consisting of a hydrogen atom H and a chlorine atom Cl connected with a covalent single bond. Since the chlorine atom is much more electronegative than the hydrogen atom, the covalent bond between the atoms is quite polar. Hydrogen chloride forms corrosive hydrochloric acid on contact with body tissue. Inhalation of the fumes can cause coughing, choking, inflammation of the nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract, and in severe cases, pulmonary edema, circulatory system failure, and death. Skin contact can cause redness, pain, and severe skin burns. Hydrogen chloride may cause severe burns to the eye and permanent eye damage. |
| Structure |
Download:
MOL |
SDF |
SMILES |
InChI
Display:
2D Structure |
3D Structure
|
| Synonyms |
- Anhydrous Hydrochloric acid
- Aqueous hydrogen chloride
- Chlorane
- Chlorohydric acid
- HCL]
- Hydrochloric acid (JP15/NF)
- Hydrochloric acid gas
- Hydrochloric acid [jan]
- Hydrogen chloric anhydrous
- Hydrogen chloride (acid)
- Hydrogen chloride (HCL)
- Hydrogen chloride anhydrous [UN1050] [Poison gas]
- Marine acid
- Muriatic acid
- Spirit of salt
- [HCL]
|
| Chemical Formula |
ClH |
| Average Molecular Weight |
36.461 |
| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight |
35.976677739 |
| IUPAC Name |
hydrogen chloride |
| Traditional IUPAC Name |
hydrochloric acid |
| CAS Registry Number |
7647-01-0 |
| SMILES |
Cl |
| InChI Identifier |
InChI=1S/ClH/h1H |
| InChI Key |
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Chemical Taxonomy |
|---|
| Kingdom |
Inorganic Compounds |
| Super Class |
Homogeneous Non-metal Compounds |
| Class |
Halogen Organides |
| Sub Class |
Halogen Hydrides |
| Other Descriptors |
- Aliphatic Acyclic Compounds
- a small molecule(Cyc)
- chlorine molecular entity(ChEBI)
- hydrogen halide(ChEBI)
- mononuclear parent hydride(ChEBI)
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| Substituents |
|
| Direct Parent |
Halogen Hydrides |
| Ontology |
|---|
| Status |
Expected and Not Quantified |
| Origin |
|
| Biofunction |
- Osmolyte, enzyme cofactor, signalling
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| Application |
Not Available |
| Cellular locations |
Not Available |
| Physical Properties |
|---|
| State |
Solid |
| Experimental Properties |
| Property |
Value |
Reference |
| Melting Point |
Not Available |
Not Available |
| Boiling Point |
Not Available |
Not Available |
| Water Solubility |
Not Available |
Not Available |
| LogP |
Not Available |
Not Available |
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| Predicted Properties |
|
| Spectra |
|---|
|
Not Available
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| Biological Properties |
|---|
| Cellular Locations |
Not Available
|
| Biofluid Locations |
Not Available
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| Tissue Location |
Not Available
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| Pathways |
Not Available
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| Normal Concentrations |
|---|
|
Not Available |
| Abnormal Concentrations |
|---|
|
Not Available |
| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
|---|
| Disease References |
None |
| Associated OMIM IDs |
None |
| External Links |
|---|
| DrugBank ID |
Not Available |
| Phenol Explorer Compound ID |
Not Available |
| Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID |
Not Available |
| FoodDB ID |
FDB016076 |
| KNApSAcK ID |
Not Available |
| Chemspider ID |
307  |
| KEGG Compound ID |
C01327 |
| BioCyc ID |
Not Available |
| BiGG ID |
Not Available |
| Wikipedia Link |
Hydrochloric acid |
| NuGOwiki Link |
HMDB02306 |
| Metagene Link |
HMDB02306 |
| METLIN ID |
Not Available |
| PubChem Compound |
313 |
| PDB ID |
Not Available |
| ChEBI ID |
17883 |
| References |
|---|
| Synthesis Reference |
Suzuta, Tetsuya; Mori, Yasuhiko; Abe, Tadashi. method to produce chlorine and hydrochloric acid. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho (2005), 13 pp. |
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) |
Download (PDF)
|
| General References |
Not Available
|
