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Human Metabolome Database Version 3.5

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Showing metabocard for Silver (HMDB02659)

Record Information
Version 3.5
Creation Date 2006-05-22 09:12:01 -0600
Update Date 2013-02-08 11:22:35 -0700
HMDB ID HMDB02659
Secondary Accession Numbers None
Metabolite Identification
Common Name Silver
Description Silver is widely distributed in the earth's crust and is found in soil, fresh and sea water, and the air. It is readily absorbed into the human body with food and drink and through inhalation, but the low levels of silver commonly present in the bloodstream (< 2.3 b.mu g/L) and in key tissues like liver and kidney have not been associated with any disease or disability. Silver is not an acknowledged trace element in the human body and fulfills no physiological or biochemical role in any tissue even though it interacts with several essential elements including zinc and calcium. Physiologically, it exists as an ion in the body. Silver has a long history in the treatment of human diseases, including epilepsy, neonatal eye disease, venereal diseases, and wound infections. It has been employed in water purification and is currently used to safeguard hospital hot water systems against Legionella infections. Principle routes of human exposure to silver nowadays are through its widespread use as an antimicrobial agent in wound care products and medical devices, including in-dwelling catheters, bone cements, cardiac valves and prostheses, orthopedic pins, and dental devices. In each case, the antimicrobial properties of silver are dependent upon release of biologically active silver ion (Ag*) from metallic silver (including nanocrystalline forms), silver nitrate, silver sulfadiazine, and other silver compounds incorporated in the various devices, and its lethal effect on pathogenic organisms. Experience has shown that a large proportion of the silver ion released from medical devices not required for antimicrobial action is disseminated into tissue fluids and exudates, where it combines with albumins and macroglobulins. These silver-protein complexes are absorbed into the systemic circulation to be deposited in key soft tissues, including the skin, liver, kidney, spleen, lungs, and brain. As a xenobiotic material, silver must be presumed to present a health risk to exposed persons under some circumstances. Unlike the well-documented neurotoxic metals including lead and mercury, silver does not appear to be a cumulative poison and is eliminated from the body through the urine and feces. Excretion of silver by these routes may be a measure of mean daily intake, but since this view is based largely on the clinical use of silver nitrate and silver sulfadiazine used in burn wound therapy, its true relevance in the metabolism of silver used in the wider context of medical devices is questionable. Argyria is the most widely publicized clinical condition associated with silver accumulation in blood and soft tissues. It commonly occurs in individuals exposed to high levels of silver occupationally (metallurgy, photography, and mining industries), or consuming or inhaling silver hygiene products (including colloidal silver products) for long periods. Silver is absorbed into the body and deposited in the perivascular regions of the skin and other soft tissues as black granules of silver sulfide or silver selenide. The resulting slate grey discoloration of the skin occasionally associated with melanogenic changes, is semipermanent and cosmetically undesirable but is not known to be life-threatening. (PMID: 17453933 Link_out).
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Synonyms
  1. AG
  2. Ag+
  3. AGN
  4. Algaedyn
  5. Amalgum
  6. Argent. nit.
  7. Argentum
  8. Argentum colloidale
  9. Argentum cyanatum
  10. Argentum Met.Praep.D8(D10 D12 D15 D20 D30)
  11. Argentum metallicum
  12. Argentum Metallicum (Silver Metallicum 6x)
  13. Argentum Metallicum 4ch - 30ch
  14. Argentum Mettallicum Gtte 4ch-30ch
  15. Argentum nitricum
  16. Argentum Nitricum 3ch-30ch
  17. Argentum Nitricum Drops D3-C1000
  18. Argentum Nitricum Gtte 5ch-15ch
  19. Argentum nitricum homaccord
  20. Argentum phosphoricum
  21. Astroflake 5
  22. Carey lea silver
  23. Col sil
  24. Colloidal silver
  25. Collosol argentum
  26. D 25 (Metal)
  27. Degussa 67
  28. Degussa 80
  29. Dermazin Crm 1%
  30. Dotite XA 208
  31. Epinall
  32. FA 2 (metal)
  33. Flamazine Crm 1%
  34. G 12 (Metal)
  35. Germany: C-Pigment 2
  36. Jelcon SH 1
  37. KS (metal)
  38. L-3 (Element)
  39. Lead refinery silver bullion
  40. Liquid silver
  41. Metz 25B
  42. Pekana - argentum metallicum
  43. Pekana - argentum nitricum
  44. Shell silver
  45. Silber
  46. Silber [german]
  47. Silflake 135
  48. Silpowder 130
  49. Silvadene
  50. Silver atom
  51. Silver atomic absorption standard solution
  52. Silver atomic spectroscopy standard concentrate 1.00 g Ag
  53. Silver colloidal
  54. Silver elemental
  55. Silver iodide
  56. Silver ion standard solution
  57. Silver Liquid (S#107)-Liq
  58. Silver metal
  59. Silver metal and soluble compounds
  60. Silver nanoparticles
  61. Silver Nitrate Liquid (S#106)-Liq
  62. Silver nitrate solution
  63. Silver preparation
  64. Silver standard for aas
  65. Silver standard for icp
  66. Silver(0)
  67. Silver(II)
  68. Ssd (1% Silver Sulfadiazine Cream Usp)
  69. TCG 7R
Chemical Formula Ag
Average Molecular Weight 107.8682
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight 106.90509302
IUPAC Name silver(1+) ion
Traditional IUPAC Name silver(1+)
CAS Registry Number 7440-22-4
SMILES [Ag+]
InChI Identifier InChI=1S/Ag/q+1
InChI Key FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom Inorganic Compounds
Super Class Homogeneous Metal Compounds
Class Homogeneous Transition Metal Compounds
Sub Class N/A
Other Descriptors
  • a cation(Cyc)
  • elemental silver(ChEBI)
  • monoatomic monocation(ChEBI)
  • monovalent inorganic cation(ChEBI)
  • silver cation(ChEBI)
Substituents
  • N/A
Direct Parent Homogeneous Transition Metal Compounds
Ontology
Status Detected and Quantified
Origin
Biofunction
  • Osmolyte, enzyme cofactor, signalling
Application Not Available
Cellular locations Not Available
Physical Properties
State Solid
Experimental Properties
Property Value Reference
Melting Point 960.5 °C Not Available
Boiling Point Not Available Not Available
Water Solubility Not Available Not Available
LogP Not Available Not Available
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source
LogP -0.73 ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count 0 ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count 0 ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area 0 A2 ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count 0 ChemAxon
Refractivity 0 ChemAxon
Polarizability 1.78 ChemAxon
Formal Charge 1 ChemAxon
Physiological Charge 1 ChemAxon
Spectra
Not Available
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations Not Available
Biofluid Locations
  • Blood
  • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Tissue Location Not Available
Pathways Not Available
Normal Concentrations
Biofluid Status Value Age Sex Condition Comments
Blood Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
0.0063 +/- 0.0058 uM Adult (>18 years old) Both Normal Not Available
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Detected and Quantified
Article_icon
0.0025 (0.0005-0.0046) uM Adult (>18 years old) Both Normal Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References None
Associated OMIM IDs None
DrugBank ID Not Available
Phenol Explorer Compound ID Not Available
Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID Not Available
FoodDB ID FDB004188
KNApSAcK ID Not Available
Chemspider ID 94565 Link_out
KEGG Compound ID C06710 Link_out
BioCyc ID AG%2b Link_out
BiGG ID Not Available
Wikipedia Link Silver Link_out
NuGOwiki Link HMDB02659 Link_out
Metagene Link HMDB02659 Link_out
METLIN ID Not Available
PubChem Compound 104755 Link_out
PDB ID AG Link_out
ChEBI ID 49468 Link_out
References
Synthesis Reference Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Download (PDF)
General References Not Available