| Record Information |
| Version |
3.5 |
| Creation Date |
2006-05-22 09:12:34 -0600 |
| Update Date |
2013-02-08 17:12:17 -0700 |
| HMDB ID |
HMDB03125 |
| Secondary Accession Numbers |
|
| Metabolite Identification |
| Common Name |
Hydrogen peroxide |
| Description |
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a very pale blue liquid which appears colourless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. It is a weak acid. It has strong oxidizing properties and is therefore a powerful bleaching agent that is mostly used for bleaching paper, but has also found use as a disinfectant and as an oxidizer. Hydrogen peroxide in the form of carbamide peroxide is widely used for tooth whitening (bleaching), both in professionally- and in self-administered products. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a well-documented component of living cells. It plays important roles in host defense and oxidative biosynthetic reactions. In addition there is growing evidence that at low levels, H2O2 also functions as a signaling agent, particularly in higher organisms. H2O2 has increasingly been viewed as an important cellular signaling agent in its own right, capable of modulating both contractile and growth-promoting pathways with more far-reaching effects. Due to the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in the skin of patients with the depigmentation disorder vitiligo, the human epidermis cannot have the normal capacity for autocrine synthesis, transport and degradation of acetylcholine as well as the muscarinic (m1-m5) and nicotinic signal transduction in keratinocytes and melanocytes. Accumulating evidence suggests that hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) plays an important role in cancer development. Experimental data have shown that cancer cells produce high amounts of H(2)O(2). An increase in the cellular levels of H(2)O(2) has been linked to several key alterations in cancer, including DNA alterations, cell proliferation, apoptosis resistance, metastasis, angiogenesis and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activation. (PMID: 17150302 , 17335854 , 16677071 , 16607324 , 16514169 ). |
| Structure |
Download:
MOL |
SDF |
SMILES |
InChI
Display:
2D Structure |
3D Structure
|
| Synonyms |
- Adeka Super EL
- Albone
- Albone 35
- Albone DS
- Anti-Keim 50
- Asepticper
- Baquashock
- CIX
- Clarigel Gold
- Crestal Whitestrips
- Crystacide
- Dentasept
- Deslime LP
- Hioxyl
- Hipox
- Hybrite
- Hydrogen dioxide
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Inhibine
- Lase Peroxide
- Lensan A
- Magic Bleaching
- Metrokur
- Mirasept
- Nite White Excel 2
- Odosat D
- Opalescence Xtra
- Oxigenal
- Oxydol
- Oxyfull
- Oxysept
- Oxysept I
- Pegasyl
- Perhydrol
- Perone
- Peroxaan
- Peroxclean
- Quasar Brite
- Select Bleach
- Superoxol
- T-Stuff
- Whiteness HP
- Whitespeed
- Xtra White
|
| Chemical Formula |
H2O2 |
| Average Molecular Weight |
34.0147 |
| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight |
34.005479308 |
| IUPAC Name |
peroxol |
| Traditional IUPAC Name |
hydrogen peroxide |
| CAS Registry Number |
7722-84-1 |
| SMILES |
OO |
| InChI Identifier |
InChI=1S/H2O2/c1-2/h1-2H |
| InChI Key |
MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Chemical Taxonomy |
| Kingdom |
Inorganic Compounds |
| Super Class |
Homogeneous Non-metal Compounds |
| Class |
Non-metal Oxoanionic Compounds |
| Sub Class |
Non-metal Superoxides |
| Other Descriptors |
- a small molecule(Cyc)
- inorganic peroxide(ChEBI)
- reactive oxygen species(ChEBI)
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| Substituents |
|
| Direct Parent |
Non-metal Superoxides |
| Ontology |
| Status |
Detected and Quantified |
| Origin |
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| Biofunction |
|
| Application |
Not Available |
| Cellular locations |
Not Available |
| Physical Properties |
| State |
Liquid |
| Experimental Properties |
| Property |
Value |
Reference |
| Melting Point |
-0.43 °C |
Not Available |
| Boiling Point |
Not Available |
Not Available |
| Water Solubility |
1000 mg/mL at 25 °C |
Not Available |
| LogP |
Not Available |
Not Available |
|
| Predicted Properties |
|
| Spectra |
|
Not Available
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| Biological Properties |
| Cellular Locations |
Not Available
|
| Biofluid Locations |
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| Tissue Location |
Not Available
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| Pathways |
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| Normal Concentrations |
|
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
10.5 +/- 3.6 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Normal |
Not Available |
|
| Abnormal Concentrations |
|
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
23.5 +/- 3.0 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Coronary heart disease |
Measured in plasma (negative single photon...
|
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
21.0 +/- 2.9 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Coronary heart disease |
Measured in plasma (negative single photon...
|
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
50.3 +/- 5.4 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Coronary heart disease |
Measured in plasma (positive single photon...
|
| Blood |
Detected and Quantified |
|
30.5 +/- 4.6 uM |
Adult (>18 years old) |
Both |
Coronary heart disease |
Measured in plasma (positive single photon...
|
|
| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
| Disease References |
| Coronary heart disease |
- Kazmierczak M, Wysocki H, Wykretowicz A, Minczykowski A: Estimation of hydrogen peroxide plasma levels in patients evaluated for coronary heart disease using dipyridamole infusion followed by SPECT. Coron Artery Dis. 1995 Jan;6(1):65-9.
Pubmed: 7767505
|
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| Associated OMIM IDs |
None |
| External Links |
| DrugBank ID |
Not Available |
| Phenol Explorer Compound ID |
Not Available |
| Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID |
Not Available |
| FoodDB ID |
FDB014562 |
| KNApSAcK ID |
Not Available |
| Chemspider ID |
763  |
| KEGG Compound ID |
C00027  |
| BioCyc ID |
HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE  |
| BiGG ID |
33570  |
| Wikipedia Link |
Hydrogen peroxide  |
| NuGOwiki Link |
HMDB03125  |
| Metagene Link |
HMDB03125  |
| METLIN ID |
Not Available |
| PubChem Compound |
784  |
| PDB ID |
PEO  |
| ChEBI ID |
16240  |
| References |
| Synthesis Reference |
Not Available |
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) |
Download (PDF)
|
| General References |
Not Available |
| Enzymes |
|
|
|
|
| Name: |
Aldehyde oxidase
|
| Reactions: |
- an aldehyde + H2O + O2 = a carboxylic acid + H2O2 [RN:R00635]
|
| Gene Name: |
AOX1 |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q06278  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
|
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|
| Name: |
D-aspartate oxidase
|
| Reactions: |
- D-aspartate + H2O + O2 = oxaloacetate + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R00359]
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| Gene Name: |
DDO |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q99489  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
D-amino-acid oxidase
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| Reactions: |
- a D-amino acid + H2O + O2 = a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R01340]
|
| Gene Name: |
DAO |
| Uniprot ID: |
P14920  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
|
|
|
| Name: |
Lactoperoxidase
|
| Reactions: |
- donor + H2O2 = oxidized donor + 2 H2O [RN:R03532]
|
| Gene Name: |
LPO |
| Uniprot ID: |
P22079  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
|
| Name: |
Myeloperoxidase
|
| Reactions: |
- donor + H2O2 = oxidized donor + 2 H2O [RN:R03532]
|
| Gene Name: |
MPO |
| Uniprot ID: |
P05164  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase
|
| Reactions: |
- (1) pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + H2O + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R00277]
- (2) pyridoxine 5'-phosphate + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + H2O2 [RN:R00278]
|
| Gene Name: |
PNPO |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q9NVS9  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
|
| Name: |
Protein-lysine 6-oxidase
|
| Reactions: |
- peptidyl-L-lysyl-peptide + O2 + H2O = peptidyl-allysyl-peptide + NH3 + H2O2 [RN:R04239]
|
| Gene Name: |
LOX |
| Uniprot ID: |
P28300  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Catalase
|
| Reactions: |
- 2 H2O2 = O2 + 2 H2O [RN:R00009]
|
| Gene Name: |
CAT |
| Uniprot ID: |
P04040  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Dual oxidase 2
|
| Reactions: |
- NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + H2O2 [RN:R07171 R07172]
|
| Gene Name: |
DUOX2 |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q9NRD8  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
|
|
|
| Name: |
Dual oxidase 1
|
| Reactions: |
- NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + H2O2 [RN:R07171 R07172]
|
| Gene Name: |
DUOX1 |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q9NRD9  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
|
| Name: |
Prenylcysteine oxidase 1
|
| Reactions: |
- an S-prenyl-L-cysteine + O2 + H2O = a prenal + L-cysteine + H2O2 [RN:R07360]
|
| Gene Name: |
PCYOX1 |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q9UHG3  |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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