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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2006-08-12 20:15:26 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:00:09 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0003406
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB03406
Metabolite Identification
Common NameD-Serine
DescriptionD-serine is a stereo-isomer of the common amino acid, L-serine. D-serine was only thought to exist in bacteria until relatively recently. D-serine was the second D amino acid discovered to naturally exist in humans. The first one was D-aspartate. D-serine is synthesized from L-serine by serine racemase (SRR), and it is degraded by D-amino acid oxidase (DAO). It is found in high abundance in the brain. D-serine acts on the glycine binding site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and modulates glutamate-mediated receptor activation. For the receptor to open, glutamate and either glycine or D-serine must bind to it. In fact, D-serine is a more potent agonist at the glycine site on the NMDAR than glycine itself. The importance of D-serine in mammalian brain function is apparent from extensive investigations reported and reviewed over the past decade, including roles in synaptic plasticity and memory. D-serine is also implicated in the pathophysiology and therapy of several psychiatric and neurological conditions including schizophrenia and glioma. In schizophrenia, there is evidence that D-serine levels are decreased, a deficiency that may contribute to the proposed NMDAR hypofunction of the disorder and that has led to D-serine replenishment as a novel therapeutic strategy.
Structure
Data?1586372579
Synonyms
ValueSource
(2R)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acidChEBI
(R)-2-Amino-3-hydroxy-propionic acidChEBI
(R)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acidChEBI
D-SerinChEBI
DSNChEBI
(2R)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropanoateGenerator
(R)-2-Amino-3-hydroxy-propionateGenerator
(R)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropanoateGenerator
DL-SerineHMDB
Serine D-formHMDB
Chemical FormulaC3H7NO3
Average Molecular Weight105.0926
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight105.042593095
IUPAC Name(2R)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid
Traditional NameD-serine
CAS Registry Number312-84-5
SMILES
N[C@H](CO)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C3H7NO3/c4-2(1-5)3(6)7/h2,5H,1,4H2,(H,6,7)/t2-/m1/s1
InChI KeyMTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UWTATZPHSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as serine and derivatives. Serine and derivatives are compounds containing serine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of serine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassCarboxylic acids and derivatives
Sub ClassAmino acids, peptides, and analogues
Direct ParentSerine and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Serine or derivatives
  • Alpha-amino acid
  • D-alpha-amino acid
  • Beta-hydroxy acid
  • Hydroxy acid
  • Amino acid
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Alcohol
  • Primary amine
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Amine
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point229 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility364 mg/mL at 20 °CNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility480 g/LALOGPS
logP-3.4ALOGPS
logP-3.9ChemAxon
logS0.66ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.03ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)8.93ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area83.55 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity22.04 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability9.39 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+120.0831661259
DarkChem[M-H]-114.37631661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+117.86930932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-115.06930932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-151.48330932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+126.18330932474
AllCCS[M+H]+127.632859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+123.332859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+131.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+132.832859911
AllCCS[M-H]-120.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-124.232859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-128.432859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
D-SerineN[C@H](CO)C(O)=O2030.7Standard polar33892256
D-SerineN[C@H](CO)C(O)=O1098.5Standard non polar33892256
D-SerineN[C@H](CO)C(O)=O1623.2Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
D-Serine,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](N)C(=O)O1208.8Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](N)CO1132.8Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,1TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)O1262.0Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](N)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1244.3Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O1320.0Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,2TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1293.4Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,2TMS,isomer #4C[Si](C)(C)N([C@H](CO)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C1465.7Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1376.7Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1408.1Standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C1459.9Standard polar33892256
D-Serine,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1510.6Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1454.5Standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1587.0Standard polar33892256
D-Serine,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CO)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1470.0Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CO)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1391.6Standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CO)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1542.5Standard polar33892256
D-Serine,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1565.7Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1522.1Standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C1440.7Standard polar33892256
D-Serine,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](N)C(=O)O1460.8Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@H](N)CO1384.7Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,1TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)O1525.0Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@@H](N)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1697.4Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O1772.5Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,2TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1729.7Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,2TBDMS,isomer #4CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N([C@H](CO)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1906.9Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1997.4Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2018.7Standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N[C@H](CO[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1887.9Standard polar33892256
D-Serine,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2145.5Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2080.8Standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1941.3Standard polar33892256
D-Serine,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CO)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2123.0Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CO)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2056.5Standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)[C@@H](CO)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1908.5Standard polar33892256
D-Serine,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2386.5Semi standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2312.5Standard non polar33892256
D-Serine,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC[C@H](C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C1970.0Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - D-Serine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-06sl-9000000000-033631650075b940e0e22016-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - D-Serine GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0089-9810000000-06fed7f6e260b107d95a2017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - D-Serine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-03di-9000000000-d33888cff00d0ade0ffe2012-07-25HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-03di-9000000000-f7e50afcb90768dce4a52012-07-25HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated)splash10-0006-9000000000-043951ed5540cce44f4e2012-07-25HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-08g0-9300000000-dab8446816db786db1712016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03dl-9000000000-1a5aef91299ef3583ca22016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-b6cfe52e68c644cacfd72016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-6900000000-ee98a5a83ffbd434740e2016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0uki-9200000000-fa8d04d6ce99a290d1872016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-05fu-9000000000-001b18464fb313594dec2016-09-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-9000000000-c00dff763ff1f56fda002021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-9000000000-980e3923ad0861629a122021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-9000000000-90338875078d415c50362021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00di-9100000000-113290360f404e0abfe62021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00di-9000000000-a5d4e47e8a548414bcb52021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - D-Serine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0596-9000000000-45f597b943c27fee51e72021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)2012-12-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-24Wishart LabView Spectrum
Experimental 2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, 5%_DMSO, experimental)2012-12-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Saliva
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Epidermis
  • Fibroblasts
  • Intestine
  • Kidney
  • Lung
  • Neuron
  • Pancreas
  • Placenta
  • Platelet
  • Prostate
  • Skeletal Muscle
  • Spleen
  • Testis
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified1.88 +/- 0.07 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
BloodDetected and Quantified2.28 +/- 0.59 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodDetected and Quantified3.6 +/- 2.2 uMAdult (>18 years old)MaleNormal details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
SalivaDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Male
Normal
details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.0021 - 10.1 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified1.57 +/- 0.07 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Schizophrenia
details
BloodDetected and Quantified1.86 +/- 0.53 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothSchizophrenia details
UrineDetected and Quantified0.0041 - 0.0122 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothADPKD details
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Schizophrenia
  1. Hashimoto K, Fukushima T, Shimizu E, Komatsu N, Watanabe H, Shinoda N, Nakazato M, Kumakiri C, Okada S, Hasegawa H, Imai K, Iyo M: Decreased serum levels of D-serine in patients with schizophrenia: evidence in support of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor hypofunction hypothesis of schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003 Jun;60(6):572-6. [PubMed:12796220 ]
  2. Fukushima T, Iizuka H, Yokota A, Suzuki T, Ohno C, Kono Y, Nishikiori M, Seki A, Ichiba H, Watanabe Y, Hongo S, Utsunomiya M, Nakatani M, Sadamoto K, Yoshio T: Quantitative analyses of schizophrenia-associated metabolites in serum: serum D-lactate levels are negatively correlated with gamma-glutamylcysteine in medicated schizophrenia patients. PLoS One. 2014 Jul 8;9(7):e101652. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101652. eCollection 2014. [PubMed:25004141 ]
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
  1. Gronwald W, Klein MS, Zeltner R, Schulze BD, Reinhold SW, Deutschmann M, Immervoll AK, Boger CA, Banas B, Eckardt KU, Oefner PJ: Detection of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease by NMR spectroscopic fingerprinting of urine. Kidney Int. 2011 Jun;79(11):1244-53. doi: 10.1038/ki.2011.30. Epub 2011 Mar 9. [PubMed:21389975 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
  • 181500 (Schizophrenia)
  • 601313 (Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease)
DrugBank IDDB03929
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB023164
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID64231
KEGG Compound IDC00740
BioCyc IDD-SERINE
BiGG ID35846
Wikipedia LinkSerine
METLIN ID6920
PubChem Compound71077
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16523
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDSER_D
MarkerDB IDMDB00000423
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceZhu, Yanxin; Yuan, Minglong; Yuan, Mingwei; Du, Bilin; Zheng, Ling. Preparation of D-serine from acetylglycine. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2006), 4pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Strauss JF 3rd, Kallen CB, Christenson LK, Watari H, Devoto L, Arakane F, Kiriakidou M, Sugawara T: The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR): a window into the complexities of intracellular cholesterol trafficking. Recent Prog Horm Res. 1999;54:369-94; discussion 394-5. [PubMed:10548884 ]
  2. Shafqat S, Tamarappoo BK, Kilberg MS, Puranam RS, McNamara JO, Guadano-Ferraz A, Fremeau RT Jr: Cloning and expression of a novel Na(+)-dependent neutral amino acid transporter structurally related to mammalian Na+/glutamate cotransporters. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jul 25;268(21):15351-5. [PubMed:8340364 ]
  3. Jones CM, Smith M, Henderson MJ: Reference data for cerebrospinal fluid and the utility of amino acid measurement for the diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism. Ann Clin Biochem. 2006 Jan;43(Pt 1):63-6. [PubMed:16390611 ]
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  5. Amberger VR, Hensel T, Ogata N, Schwab ME: Spreading and migration of human glioma and rat C6 cells on central nervous system myelin in vitro is correlated with tumor malignancy and involves a metalloproteolytic activity. Cancer Res. 1998 Jan 1;58(1):149-58. [PubMed:9426071 ]
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Enzymes

General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of serine from carbohydrates. The reaction mechanism proceeds via the formation of a phosphoryl-enzyme intermediates.
Gene Name:
PSPH
Uniprot ID:
P78330
Molecular weight:
25007.49
General function:
Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Sodium-independent, high affinity transport of small neutral D- and L-amino acids. May play a role in the modulation of glutamatergic transmission through mobilization of D-serine at the glutamatergic synapse
Gene Name:
SLC7A10
Uniprot ID:
Q9NS82
Molecular weight:
56797.4
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the synthesis of D-serine from L-serine. D-serine is a key coagonist with glutamate at NMDA receptors. Has dehydratase activity towards both L-serine and D-serine.
Gene Name:
SRR
Uniprot ID:
Q9GZT4
Molecular weight:
36565.905
Reactions
L-Serine → D-Serinedetails
D-Serine → Pyruvic acid + Ammoniadetails