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Human Metabolome Database Version 3.5

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Showing metabocard for Galactan (HMDB04162)

Record Information
Version 3.5
Creation Date 2006-08-13 07:21:05 -0600
Update Date 2013-01-28 19:35:12 -0700
HMDB ID HMDB04162
Secondary Accession Numbers None
Metabolite Identification
Common Name Galactan
Description Galactan is a beta-glucan consisting of polymerized galactose. Beta -glucans are glucose polymers found in the cell walls of plants, fungi, and bacteria and as conserved structures can be considered to be classical pathogen-associated molecular patterns. These polymers belong to a class of drugs known as biological response modifiers and have a variety of effects on the immune system, including antitumor and anti-infective activities, protecting against fungal, bacterial, viral, and protozoal infections. Both particulate and soluble beta -glucans mediate these activities by activating leukocytes and stimulating their phagocytic activity and the production of reactive oxygen intermediates, inflammatory mediators, and cytokines. Despite the wealth of knowledge regarding the effects of beta-glucans and their obvious therapeutic potential, the molecular mechanisms that underlie these responses are not well understood. A number of receptors are thought to play a role in mediating these responses, including murine Dectin-1, which we recently identified as a beta-glucan receptor. Dectin-1 is a C-type lectin receptor that mediates the production of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines. Galactan is found in hemicellulose and can be converted to galactose by hydrolysis. (PMID: 11567029 Link_out, 11567029 Link_out, 16880608 Link_out).
Structure Thumb
Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI
Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure
Synonyms
    Chemical Formula Not Available
    Average Molecular Weight Not Available
    Monoisotopic Molecular Weight Not Available
    IUPAC Name Not Available
    Traditional IUPAC Name Not Available
    CAS Registry Number 39300-87-3
    SMILES Not Available
    InChI Identifier InChI=1S/C14H26O11/c1-21-11-5(3-15)24-14(10(20)7(11)17)25-12-6(4-16)23-13(22-2)9(19)8(12)18/h5-20H,3-4H2,1-2H3/t5-,6-,7-,8-,9-,10-,11+,12+,13-,14+/m1/s1
    InChI Key PTHCMJGKKRQCBF-ICIGWGHZSA-N
    Chemical Taxonomy
    Kingdom Organic Compounds
    Super Class Carbohydrates and Carbohydrate Conjugates
    Class Disaccharides
    Sub Class Dihexoses
    Other Descriptors
    • Aliphatic Heteropolycyclic Compounds
    Substituents
    • 1,2 Diol
    • Acetal
    • Dialkyl Ether
    • Glycosyl Compound
    • O Glycosyl Compound
    • Oxane
    • Primary Alcohol
    • Secondary Alcohol
    Direct Parent Dihexoses
    Ontology
    Status Expected and Not Quantified
    Origin
    • Plant
    • Microbial
    Biofunction Not Available
    Application Not Available
    Cellular locations Not Available
    Physical Properties
    State Solid
    Experimental Properties
    Property Value Reference
    Melting Point Not Available Not Available
    Boiling Point Not Available Not Available
    Water Solubility Not Available Not Available
    LogP Not Available Not Available
    Predicted Properties
    Property Value Source
    Formal Charge 0 ChemAxon
    Spectra
    MS/MS Spectrum Quattro_QQQ 10
    MS/MS Spectrum Quattro_QQQ 25
    MS/MS Spectrum Quattro_QQQ 40
    Biological Properties
    Cellular Locations Not Available
    Biofluid Locations Not Available
    Tissue Location Not Available
    Pathways
    Name SMPDB Link KEGG Link
    Galactose Metabolism SMP00043 map00052 Link_out
    Normal Concentrations
    Not Available
    Abnormal Concentrations
    Not Available
    Associated Disorders and Diseases
    Disease References None
    Associated OMIM IDs None
    DrugBank ID Not Available
    Phenol Explorer Compound ID Not Available
    Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID Not Available
    FoodDB ID FDB005116
    KNApSAcK ID Not Available
    Chemspider ID Not Available
    KEGG Compound ID C05796 Link_out
    BioCyc ID Not Available
    BiGG ID Not Available
    Wikipedia Link Galactan Link_out
    NuGOwiki Link HMDB04162 Link_out
    Metagene Link HMDB04162 Link_out
    METLIN ID 7023 Link_out
    PubChem Compound 53477780 Link_out
    PDB ID Not Available
    ChEBI ID Not Available
    References
    Synthesis Reference Not Available
    Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Download (PDF)
    General References
    1. Vierbuchen M, Bohmer G, Uhlenbruck G, Fischer R: Immuno- and histochemical studies on galactan and human blood group-related receptors in the bovine lung. Immunobiology. 1986 Aug;172(1-2):11-20. Pubmed: 3095224 Link_out
    2. Uhlenbruck G, Karduck D, Haupt H, Schwick HG: C-reactive protein (CRP), 9.5 salpha1-glycoprotein and C1q: serum proteins with lectin properties? Z Immunitatsforsch Immunobiol. 1979 Feb;155(3):262-6. Pubmed: 425611 Link_out
    Enzymes
    Name: Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase
    Reactions:
    • lactose + H2O = D-galactose + D-glucose [RN:R01100 R06114]
    Gene Name: LCT
    Uniprot ID: P09848 Link_out
    Protein Sequence: FASTA
    Gene Sequence: FASTA
    Name: Beta-galactosidase
    Reactions:
    • Hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-D-galactosides ALL_REAC (other) R01100 R01105 R01678 R03355 R04633 R04783 R05112 R05994(G) R06010(G) R06098(G) R06099(G) R06114(G) R06144(G) R06202(G) R07807(G)
    Gene Name: GLB1
    Uniprot ID: P16278 Link_out
    Protein Sequence: FASTA
    Gene Sequence: FASTA