| Record Information |
|---|
| Version |
3.5 |
| Creation Date |
2005-11-16 08:48:42 -0700 |
| Update Date |
2013-02-08 17:13:24 -0700 |
| HMDB ID |
HMDB04841 |
| Secondary Accession Numbers |
None |
| Metabolite Identification |
|---|
| Common Name |
Galabiosylceramide (d18:1/25:0) |
| Description |
Galabiosylceramide is a non-acidic diglycosphingolipids, i.e. a sphingolipid with two or more carbohydrate moieties attached to a ceramide unit. It is a vital component of cellular membranes of most eukaryotic organisms and some bacteria. Its abundance relative to other lipids is usually low other than in epithelial and neuronal cells. Galabiosylceramide has also been found in small amounts in kidney and pancreas, for example. Galabiosylceramide is one of the lipids that accumulates in excessive amounts in Fabry's disease. It is the precursor of the gala series of oligoglycosylceramides. An animal tissues, biosynthesis involves addition of a second monosaccharides unit from the appropriate sugar nucleotide to a monoglycosylceramide, catalysed by a glycosyl transferase, in the lumen of the Golgi apparatus. Glycolipids are important components of the body's immune defense system, either in haptenic reactivity or in antibody-producing potency, i.e. as cellular immunogens or antigens. Certain glycolipids are involved in the antigenicity of blood group determinants, while others bind to specific toxins or bacteria. Some also function as receptors for cellular recognition, and they can be specific for particular tissues or tumours. |
| Structure |
Download:
MOL |
SDF |
SMILES |
InChI
Display:
2D Structure |
3D Structure
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| Synonyms |
- 1-O-(4-O-alpha-D-Galactopyrnosyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-Ceramide
- 1-O-(4-O-alpha-delta-Galactopyrnosyl-beta-delta-galactopyranosyl)-Ceramide
- Digalactosylceramide
- Gal-alpha1->4Gal-beta1->1'Cer
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| Chemical Formula |
C55H105NO13 |
| Average Molecular Weight |
988.4211 |
| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight |
987.758592451 |
| IUPAC Name |
N-[(4Z)-1-{[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-{[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-2-yl]pentacosanamide |
| Traditional IUPAC Name |
N-[(4Z)-1-{[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-{[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-2-yl]pentacosanamide |
| CAS Registry Number |
77538-38-6 |
| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NC(CO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O[C@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O)C(O)\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCC |
| InChI Identifier |
InChI=1S/C55H105NO13/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24-25-27-29-31-33-35-37-39-47(60)56-43(44(59)38-36-34-32-30-28-26-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2)42-66-54-52(65)50(63)53(46(41-58)68-54)69-55-51(64)49(62)48(61)45(40-57)67-55/h36,38,43-46,48-55,57-59,61-65H,3-35,37,39-42H2,1-2H3,(H,56,60)/b38-36-/t43?,44?,45-,46-,48+,49+,50-,51-,52-,53+,54-,55-/m1/s1 |
| InChI Key |
WPIHMWBQRSAMDE-JRHAWULRSA-N |
| Chemical Taxonomy |
|---|
| Kingdom |
Organic Compounds |
| Super Class |
Lipids |
| Class |
Sphingolipids |
| Sub Class |
Neutral Glycosphingolipids |
| Other Descriptors |
- Aliphatic Heteropolycyclic Compounds
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| Substituents |
- 1,2 Diol
- Acetal
- Alkyl Glycoside
- Allyl Alcohol
- Carboxamide Group
- Ceramide
- Fatty Acyl Glycoside
- Glycosyl Compound
- Hexose Disaccharide
- N Acyl Amine
- O Glycosyl Compound
- Oxane
- Primary Alcohol
- Saccharide
- Secondary Alcohol
- Secondary Carboxylic Acid Amide
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| Direct Parent |
Gal- (Gala series) |
| Ontology |
|---|
| Status |
Expected and Not Quantified |
| Origin |
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| Biofunction |
- Cell signaling
- Fuel and energy storage
- Fuel or energy source
- Membrane integrity/stability
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| Application |
- Nutrients
- Stabilizers
- Surfactants and Emulsifiers
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| Cellular locations |
- Cytoplasm
- Extracellular
- Membrane
- Lysosome
- Golgi apparatus
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| Physical Properties |
|---|
| State |
Solid |
| Experimental Properties |
| Property |
Value |
Reference |
| Melting Point |
Not Available |
Not Available |
| Boiling Point |
Not Available |
Not Available |
| Water Solubility |
Insoluble |
Not Available |
| LogP |
Not Available |
Not Available |
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| Predicted Properties |
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| Spectra |
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Not Available
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| Biological Properties |
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| Cellular Locations |
- Cytoplasm
- Extracellular
- Membrane
- Lysosome
- Golgi apparatus
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| Biofluid Locations |
Not Available
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| Tissue Location |
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| Pathways |
Not Available
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| Normal Concentrations |
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Not Available |
| Abnormal Concentrations |
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|
Not Available |
| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
|---|
| Disease References |
None |
| Associated OMIM IDs |
None |
| External Links |
|---|
| DrugBank ID |
Not Available |
| Phenol Explorer Compound ID |
Not Available |
| Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID |
Not Available |
| FoodDB ID |
FDB023442 |
| KNApSAcK ID |
Not Available |
| Chemspider ID |
16744858  |
| KEGG Compound ID |
C06126 |
| BioCyc ID |
Not Available |
| BiGG ID |
2267787 |
| Wikipedia Link |
Not Available |
| NuGOwiki Link |
HMDB04841 |
| Metagene Link |
HMDB04841 |
| METLIN ID |
7100 |
| PubChem Compound |
20057282 |
| PDB ID |
Not Available |
| ChEBI ID |
Not Available |
| References |
|---|
| Synthesis Reference |
Not Available |
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) |
Not Available
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| General References |
- Ghislain J, Lingwood CA, Fish EN: Evidence for glycosphingolipid modification of the type 1 IFN receptor. J Immunol. 1994 Oct 15;153(8):3655-63.
Pubmed: 7930586
- van der Bijl P, Lopes-Cardozo M, van Meer G: Sorting of newly synthesized galactosphingolipids to the two surface domains of epithelial cells. J Cell Biol. 1996 Mar;132(5):813-21.
Pubmed: 8603914
- Ohdoi C, Nyhan WL, Kuhara T: Chemical diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Jul 15;792(1):123-30.
Pubmed: 12829005
- Ledvinova J, Poupetova H, Hanackova A, Pisacka M, Elleder M: Blood group B glycosphingolipids in alpha-galactosidase deficiency (Fabry disease): influence of secretor status. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Apr 1;1345(2):180-7.
Pubmed: 9106497
- Lanne B, Jondal M, Karlsson KA: Gal alpha 4Gal-binding antibodies: specificity and use for the mapping of glycolipids of Burkitt lymphoma and other human tumors. Glycobiology. 1996 Jun;6(4):423-31.
Pubmed: 8842706
- Falk P, Hoskins LC, Larson G: Enhancing effects of bile salts on the degradation of glycosphingolipids by glycosidases from bacteria of the human fecal flora. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991 Jul 9;1084(2):139-48.
Pubmed: 1854798
- Burger KN, van der Bijl P, van Meer G: Topology of sphingolipid galactosyltransferases in ER and Golgi: transbilayer movement of monohexosyl sphingolipids is required for higher glycosphingolipid biosynthesis. J Cell Biol. 1996 Apr;133(1):15-28.
Pubmed: 8601603
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| Enzymes |
|---|
| Name: |
Galactocerebrosidase
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| Reactions: |
- D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = D-galactose + N-acylsphingosine [RN:R03617]
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| Gene Name: |
GALC |
| Uniprot ID: |
P54803 |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Galactosylceramide sulfotransferase
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| Reactions: |
- 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + a galactosylceramide = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + a galactosylceramidesulfate [RN:R04017 R06279]
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| Gene Name: |
GAL3ST1 |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q99999 |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Alpha-galactosidase A
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| Reactions: |
- Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-galactose residues in alpha-D-galactosides, including galactose oligosaccharides, galactomannans and galactolipids ALL_REAC (other) R01101 R01103 R01104 R01194 R01329 R02926 R03618 R03634 R04019 R04470 R05549 R05961(G) R06070(G) R06091(G) R06093(G) R06094(G) R06096(G) R06142(G) R06152(G)
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| Gene Name: |
GLA |
| Uniprot ID: |
P06280 |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Acid ceramidase
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| Reactions: |
- N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a carboxylate + sphingosine [RN:R01493]
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| Gene Name: |
ASAH1 |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q13510 |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Glucosylceramidase
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| Reactions: |
- D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine + H2O = D-glucose + N-acylsphingosine [RN:R01498]
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| Gene Name: |
GBA |
| Uniprot ID: |
P04062 |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Alkaline ceramidase 2
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| Reactions: |
- N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a carboxylate + sphingosine [RN:R01493]
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| Gene Name: |
ACER2 |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q5QJU3 |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Neutral ceramidase
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| Reactions: |
- N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a carboxylate + sphingosine [RN:R01493]
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| Gene Name: |
ASAH2 |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q9NR71 |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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| Name: |
Alkaline ceramidase 1
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| Reactions: |
- N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a carboxylate + sphingosine [RN:R01493]
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| Gene Name: |
ACER1 |
| Uniprot ID: |
Q8TDN7 |
| Protein Sequence: |
FASTA |
| Gene Sequence: |
FASTA |
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