| Record Information |
|---|
| Version |
3.5 |
| Creation Date |
2005-11-16 08:48:42 -0700 |
| Update Date |
2013-02-08 17:13:28 -0700 |
| HMDB ID |
HMDB04874 |
| Secondary Accession Numbers |
None |
| Metabolite Identification |
|---|
| Common Name |
Lactosylceramide (d18:1/26:0) |
| Description |
Lactosylceramide (d18:1/26:0) is a lactosylceramide or LacCer. Lactosylceramides are the most important and abundant of the diosylceramides. Lactosylceramides (LacCer) were originally called 'cytolipin H'. It is found in small amounts only in most animal tissues, but it has a number of significant biological functions and it is of great importance as the biosynthetic precursor of most of the neutral oligoglycosylceramides, sulfatides and gangliosides. In animal tissues, biosynthesis of lactosylceramide involves addition of the second monosaccharides unit (galactose) as its nucleotide derivative to monoglucosylceramide, catalysed by a specific beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase on the lumenal side of the Golgi apparatus. The glucosylceramide precursor must first cross from the cytosolic side of the membrane, possibly via the action of a flippase. The lactosylceramide produced can be further glycosylated or transferred to the plasma membrane. Lactosylceramide may assist in stabilizing the plasma membrane and activating receptor molecules in the special micro-domains or rafts, as with the cerebrosides. It may also have its own specialized function in the immunological system in that it is known to bind to specific bacteria. In addition, it is believed that a number of pro-inflammatory factors activate lactosylceramide synthase to generate lactosylceramide, which in turn activates "oxygen-sensitive" signalling pathways that affect such cellular processes as proliferation, adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. Dysfunctions in these pathways can affect several diseases of the cardiovascular system, cancer and inflammatory states, so lactosylceramide metabolism is a potential target for new therapeutic treatments. beta-D-Galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosylceramide is the second to last step in the synthesis of N-Acylsphingosine and is converted. from Glucosylceramide via the enzyme beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 6(EC:2.4.1.-). It can be converted to Glucosylceramide via the enzyme beta-galactosidase (EC:3.2.1.23). |
| Structure |
Download:
MOL |
SDF |
SMILES |
InChI
Display:
2D Structure |
3D Structure
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| Synonyms |
- 1-O-(4-O-b-D-Galactopyranosyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-Ceramide
- 1-O-(4-O-beta-D-Galactopyranosyl-beta-glucopyranosyl)ceramide
- 1-O-(4-O-beta-delta-Galactopyranosyl-beta-delta-glucopyranosyl)-Ceramide
- 1-O-(4-O-beta-delta-Galactopyranosyl-beta-glucopyranosyl)ceramide
- 1ylce-O-(4-O-beta-delta-Galactopyranosyl-beta-glucopyranosyl)ceramide
- beta-D-Galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-Glucosylceramide
- beta-delta-Galactosyl-1,4-beta-delta-glucoceramide
- beta-delta-Galactosyl-1,4-beta-delta-Glucosylceramide
- CDH
- CDw17 antigen
- Cytolipin H
- D-Galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosylceramide
- delta-Galactosyl-1,4-beta-delta-glucosylceramide
- Gal-beta1->4Glc-beta1->1'Cer
- LacCer
- LacCer(d18:1/26:0)
- Lactosyl ceramide (d18:1/26:0)
- Lactosyl-N-acylsphingosine
- Lactosylceramide
- N-Lignoceryl sphingosyl lactoside
|
| Chemical Formula |
C56H107NO13 |
| Average Molecular Weight |
1002.4477 |
| Monoisotopic Molecular Weight |
1001.774242515 |
| IUPAC Name |
N-[(2S,3R,4E)-1-{[(2R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-{[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-2-yl]hexacosanamide |
| Traditional IUPAC Name |
N-[(2S,3R,4E)-1-{[(2R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-{[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-2-yl]hexacosanamide |
| CAS Registry Number |
4682-48-8 |
| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)C1O)[C@H](O)\C=C\CCCCCCCCCCCCC |
| InChI Identifier |
InChI=1S/C56H107NO13/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24-25-26-28-30-32-34-36-38-40-48(61)57-44(45(60)39-37-35-33-31-29-27-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2)43-67-55-53(66)51(64)54(47(42-59)69-55)70-56-52(65)50(63)49(62)46(41-58)68-56/h37,39,44-47,49-56,58-60,62-66H,3-36,38,40-43H2,1-2H3,(H,57,61)/b39-37+/t44-,45+,46+,47+,49-,50-,51+,52+,53?,54+,55+,56-/m0/s1 |
| InChI Key |
IQRQEGPSHLXODZ-LTCFFSHHSA-N |
| Chemical Taxonomy |
|---|
| Kingdom |
Organic Compounds |
| Super Class |
Lipids |
| Class |
Sphingolipids |
| Sub Class |
Neutral Glycosphingolipids |
| Other Descriptors |
- Aliphatic Heteropolycyclic Compounds
|
| Substituents |
- 1,2 Diol
- Acetal
- Alkyl Glycoside
- Allyl Alcohol
- Carboxamide Group
- Ceramide
- Fatty Acyl Glycoside
- Glycosyl Compound
- Hexose Disaccharide
- N Acyl Amine
- O Glycosyl Compound
- Oxane
- Primary Alcohol
- Saccharide
- Secondary Alcohol
- Secondary Carboxylic Acid Amide
|
| Direct Parent |
Gal- (Gala series) |
| Ontology |
|---|
| Status |
Expected and Not Quantified |
| Origin |
|
| Biofunction |
- Cell signaling
- Component of Ganglioside biosynthesis
- Fuel and energy storage
- Fuel or energy source
- Membrane integrity/stability
|
| Application |
- Nutrients
- Stabilizers
- Surfactants and Emulsifiers
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| Cellular locations |
|
| Physical Properties |
|---|
| State |
Solid |
| Experimental Properties |
| Property |
Value |
Reference |
| Melting Point |
Not Available |
Not Available |
| Boiling Point |
Not Available |
Not Available |
| Water Solubility |
Insoluble |
Not Available |
| LogP |
Not Available |
Not Available |
|
| Predicted Properties |
|
| Spectra |
|---|
|
Not Available
|
| Biological Properties |
|---|
| Cellular Locations |
|
| Biofluid Locations |
Not Available
|
| Tissue Location |
- Fibroblasts
- Neuron
- Brain
- Adrenal Gland
- Nerve Cells
|
| Pathways |
Not Available
|
| Normal Concentrations |
|---|
|
Not Available |
| Abnormal Concentrations |
|---|
|
Not Available |
| Associated Disorders and Diseases |
|---|
| Disease References |
None |
| Associated OMIM IDs |
None |
| External Links |
|---|
| DrugBank ID |
Not Available |
| Phenol Explorer Compound ID |
Not Available |
| Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID |
Not Available |
| FoodDB ID |
FDB023468 |
| KNApSAcK ID |
Not Available |
| Chemspider ID |
16744888  |
| KEGG Compound ID |
C01290 |
| BioCyc ID |
CYTOLIPIN_H |
| BiGG ID |
Not Available |
| Wikipedia Link |
CDH |
| NuGOwiki Link |
HMDB04874 |
| Metagene Link |
HMDB04874 |
| METLIN ID |
7131 |
| PubChem Compound |
20057311 |
| PDB ID |
Not Available |
| ChEBI ID |
Not Available |
| References |
|---|
| Synthesis Reference |
Nicolaou, K. C.; Caulfield, T.; Kataoka, H.; Kumazawa, T. A practical and enantioselective synthesis of glycosphingolipids and related compounds. Total synthesis of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3). Journal of the American Chemical Society (1988), 110(23), 791 |
| Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) |
Not Available
|
| General References |
- Moore RM, Silver RJ, Moore JJ: Physiological apoptotic agents have different effects upon human amnion epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Placenta. 2003 Feb-Mar;24(2-3):173-80.
Pubmed: 12566244
- Prinetti A, Basso L, Appierto V, Villani MG, Valsecchi M, Loberto N, Prioni S, Chigorno V, Cavadini E, Formelli F, Sonnino S: Altered sphingolipid metabolism in N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-retinamide-resistant A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem. 2003 Feb 21;278(8):5574-83. Epub 2002 Dec 16.
Pubmed: 12486134
- Furukawa K, Takamiya K, Furukawa K: Beta1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase--GM2/GD2 synthase: a key enzyme to control the synthesis of brain-enriched complex gangliosides. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Dec 19;1573(3):356-62.
Pubmed: 12417418
- Ohdoi C, Nyhan WL, Kuhara T: Chemical diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Jul 15;792(1):123-30.
Pubmed: 12829005
- Choudhury A, Dominguez M, Puri V, Sharma DK, Narita K, Wheatley CL, Marks DL, Pagano RE: Rab proteins mediate Golgi transport of caveola-internalized glycosphingolipids and correct lipid trafficking in Niemann-Pick C cells. J Clin Invest. 2002 Jun;109(12):1541-50.
Pubmed: 12070301
- Ledvinova J, Poupetova H, Hanackova A, Pisacka M, Elleder M: Blood group B glycosphingolipids in alpha-galactosidase deficiency (Fabry disease): influence of secretor status. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Apr 1;1345(2):180-7.
Pubmed: 9106497
- Hulkova H, Ledvinova J, Asfaw B, Koubek K, Kopriva K, Elleder M: Lactosylceramide in lysosomal storage disorders: a comparative immunohistochemical and biochemical study. Virchows Arch. 2005 Jul;447(1):31-44. Epub 2005 May 26.
Pubmed: 15918012
- Komagome R, Sawa H, Suzuki T, Suzuki Y, Tanaka S, Atwood WJ, Nagashima K: Oligosaccharides as receptors for JC virus. J Virol. 2002 Dec;76(24):12992-3000.
Pubmed: 12438625
- Sharma DK, Brown JC, Cheng Z, Holicky EL, Marks DL, Pagano RE: The glycosphingolipid, lactosylceramide, regulates beta1-integrin clustering and endocytosis. Cancer Res. 2005 Sep 15;65(18):8233-41.
Pubmed: 16166299
- Takizawa M, Nomura T, Wakisaka E, Yoshizuka N, Aoki J, Arai H, Inoue K, Hattori M, Matsuo N: cDNA cloning and expression of human lactosylceramide synthase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 May 18;1438(2):301-4.
Pubmed: 10320813
- Sala G, Dupre T, Seta N, Codogno P, Ghidoni R: Increased biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids in congenital disorder of glycosylation Ia (CDG-Ia) fibroblasts. Pediatr Res. 2002 Nov;52(5):645-51.
Pubmed: 12409508
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