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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:00:39 UTC
Update Date2020-11-09 23:29:19 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0013974
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB13974
Metabolite Identification
Common Name4'-Hydroxydiclofenac
Description4'-Hydroxydiclofenac is only found in individuals that have used or taken Diclofenac. 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac is a metabolite of Diclofenac. 4'-hydroxydiclofenac belongs to the family of Phenylacetic Acid Derivatives. These are compounds containing a phenylacetic acid moiety, which consists of a phenyl group substituted at the second position by an acetic acid.
Structure
Data?1582753159
Synonyms
ValueSource
(O-(2,6-Dichloro-4-hydroxyanilino)phenyl)acetic acidChEBI
4'-Hydroxy diclofenacChEBI
4'-OH DCFChEBI
(O-(2,6-Dichloro-4-hydroxyanilino)phenyl)acetateGenerator
{2-[(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)amino]phenyl}acetic acidHMDB
4-Hydroxy diclofenacHMDB
Chemical FormulaC14H11Cl2NO3
Average Molecular Weight312.148
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight311.011598637
IUPAC Name2-{2-[(2,6-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)amino]phenyl}acetic acid
Traditional Name4'-hydroxydiclofenac
CAS Registry Number64118-84-9
SMILES
OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=C(O)C=C1Cl
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C14H11Cl2NO3/c15-10-6-9(18)7-11(16)14(10)17-12-4-2-1-3-8(12)5-13(19)20/h1-4,6-7,17-18H,5H2,(H,19,20)
InChI KeyKGVXVPRLBMWZLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dichlorobenzenes. Dichlorobenzenes are compounds containing a benzene with exactly two chlorine atoms attached to it.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassHalobenzenes
Direct ParentDichlorobenzenes
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • P-aminophenol
  • Aminophenol
  • 1,3-dichlorobenzene
  • Aniline or substituted anilines
  • 3-halophenol
  • 3-chlorophenol
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Phenol
  • Aryl chloride
  • Aryl halide
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Amino acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Secondary amine
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Amine
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Organochloride
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateNot Available
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogP3.7Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0096 g/LALOGPS
logP4.43ALOGPS
logP3.96ChemAxon
logS-4.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.76ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-0.59ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area69.56 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity77.44 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability29.12 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+161.83530932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-159.47730932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-192.36330932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+167.92830932474
AllCCS[M+H]+164.432859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+161.132859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+167.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+168.432859911
AllCCS[M-H]-160.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-160.032859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-159.432859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
4'-HydroxydiclofenacOC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=C(O)C=C1Cl4600.0Standard polar33892256
4'-HydroxydiclofenacOC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=C(O)C=C1Cl2641.4Standard non polar33892256
4'-HydroxydiclofenacOC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=C(O)C=C1Cl2727.2Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=C(O)C=C1Cl2501.2Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC(Cl)=C(NC2=CC=CC=C2CC(=O)O)C(Cl)=C12569.3Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,1TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)N(C1=CC=CC=C1CC(=O)O)C1=C(Cl)C=C(O)C=C1Cl2507.4Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1Cl2575.4Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1N(C1=C(Cl)C=C(O)C=C1Cl)[Si](C)(C)C2470.3Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,2TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC(Cl)=C(N(C2=CC=CC=C2CC(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C)C(Cl)=C12511.1Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1N(C1=C(Cl)C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1Cl)[Si](C)(C)C2514.3Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1N(C1=C(Cl)C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1Cl)[Si](C)(C)C2508.1Standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1N(C1=C(Cl)C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1Cl)[Si](C)(C)C2789.0Standard polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=C(O)C=C1Cl2762.4Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC(Cl)=C(NC2=CC=CC=C2CC(=O)O)C(Cl)=C12810.6Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,1TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C1=CC=CC=C1CC(=O)O)C1=C(Cl)C=C(O)C=C1Cl2742.5Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1Cl3026.1Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1N(C1=C(Cl)C=C(O)C=C1Cl)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2946.0Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,2TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC(Cl)=C(N(C2=CC=CC=C2CC(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(Cl)=C12987.4Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1N(C1=C(Cl)C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1Cl)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3201.7Semi standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1N(C1=C(Cl)C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1Cl)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3123.7Standard non polar33892256
4'-Hydroxydiclofenac,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1N(C1=C(Cl)C=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1Cl)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3072.6Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-014i-3190000000-25ce329c964159e0d7b12017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-006x-8029300000-4d616f6edc330b4778952017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-0091000000-09a6e4f2f72b1efdd1e32017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-0090000000-f6075707e7d10cfdc0f22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-0159-0980000000-6a8b77e985a0c629688e2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-0920000000-79eb4df0e476648a8c962017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-0900000000-b6ccaa680b1ad83bdd0d2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-0900000000-d83cf910c878ae6f18302017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-03dl-2900000000-e55d97b337566e7352632017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-0h93-9500000000-7d4d0bd8b2716cf8827a2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-9000000000-5b6172743cd1c276862a2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-02tc-0093000000-bf74c218197bc58807bb2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0090000000-a979107147ec17e9859e2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0090000000-118c10ddba962a9021702017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0090000000-b3ed2e7bca59fc876fda2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0090000000-76e8de6bb0949fde240f2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0390000000-304796a3d9841ccdcae22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0910000000-5e5782b650537ff5664b2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-014r-0900000000-e1567d66af55e61a20212017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-00ku-2900000000-1fba80e85d14e8642f622017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac 30V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0090000000-b48940be8afea41e43142021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03dl-0096000000-a80b9f12328f8329ce952016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0090000000-17cbc61457ac744e81b92016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0gb9-2190000000-f07e15b3c2f7d84987992016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03xr-0059000000-e80b7aefe1c404165a4f2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03xr-0095000000-ec4d0fb1cc75e756a5fa2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-052f-4490000000-80e01d0c3fc6693791602016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Kidney
  • Liver
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry details
UrineDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)BothNormal details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID104192
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound116545
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID59613
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 25 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in phospholipase A2 activity
Specific function:
Thought to participate in the regulation of the phospholipid metabolism in biomembranes including eicosanoid biosynthesis. Catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides.
Gene Name:
PLA2G2A
Uniprot ID:
P14555
Molecular weight:
16082.525
References
  1. Madanick RD, O'Loughlin CJ, Barkin JS: Diclofenac reduces the incidence of acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Dig Dis Sci. 2005 May;50(5):879-81. [PubMed:15906762 ]
  2. Singh N, Jabeen T, Sharma S, Somvanshi RK, Dey S, Srinivasan A, Singh TP: Specific binding of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to phospholipase A2: structure of the complex formed between phospholipase A2 and diclofenac at 2.7 A resolution. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2006 Apr;62(Pt 4):410-6. Epub 2006 Mar 18. [PubMed:16552142 ]
  3. Makela A, Kuusi T, Schroder T: Inhibition of serum phospholipase-A2 in acute pancreatitis by pharmacological agents in vitro. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1997 Aug;57(5):401-7. [PubMed:9279965 ]
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Its unique specificity for 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol suggests it may play an important role in regulating the level and activity of these potent and active estrogen metabolites. Is also active with androsterone, hyodeoxycholic acid and tetrachlorocatechol (in vitro).
Gene Name:
UGT2B7
Uniprot ID:
P16662
Molecular weight:
60720.15
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific function:
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone.
Gene Name:
UGT1A1
Uniprot ID:
P22309
Molecular weight:
59590.91
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
General function:
Involved in metal ion binding
Specific function:
Catalyzes the first step in leukotriene biosynthesis, and thereby plays a role in inflammatory processes.
Gene Name:
ALOX5
Uniprot ID:
P09917
Molecular weight:
77982.595
References
  1. Charlier C, Michaux C: Dual inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) as a new strategy to provide safer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Eur J Med Chem. 2003 Jul-Aug;38(7-8):645-59. [PubMed:12932896 ]
  2. Kudo C, Kori M, Matsuzaki K, Yamai K, Nakajima A, Shibuya A, Niwa H, Kamisaki Y, Wada K: Diclofenac inhibits proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2003 Jul 15;66(2):289-95. [PubMed:12826271 ]
  3. Whittle BJ: Cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide systems in the gut as therapeutic targets for safer anti-inflammatory drugs. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2004 Dec;4(6):538-45. [PubMed:15525540 ]
General function:
Involved in peroxidase activity
Specific function:
Mediates the formation of prostaglandins from arachidonate. May have a role as a major mediator of inflammation and/or a role for prostanoid signaling in activity-dependent plasticity.
Gene Name:
PTGS2
Uniprot ID:
P35354
Molecular weight:
68995.625
References
  1. Kirchheiner J, Meineke I, Steinbach N, Meisel C, Roots I, Brockmoller J: Pharmacokinetics of diclofenac and inhibition of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2: no relationship to the CYP2C9 genetic polymorphism in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Jan;55(1):51-61. [PubMed:12534640 ]
  2. Blomme EA, Chinn KS, Hardy MM, Casler JJ, Kim SH, Opsahl AC, Hall WA, Trajkovic D, Khan KN, Tripp CS: Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition does not affect the healing of cutaneous full-thickness incisional wounds in SKH-1 mice. Br J Dermatol. 2003 Feb;148(2):211-23. [PubMed:12588370 ]
  3. Beubler E: [Pharmacology of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibition]. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2003;153(5-6):95-9. [PubMed:12705061 ]
  4. Chavez ML, DeKorte CJ: Valdecoxib: a review. Clin Ther. 2003 Mar;25(3):817-51. [PubMed:12852704 ]
  5. Rowlinson SW, Kiefer JR, Prusakiewicz JJ, Pawlitz JL, Kozak KR, Kalgutkar AS, Stallings WC, Kurumbail RG, Marnett LJ: A novel mechanism of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition involving interactions with Ser-530 and Tyr-385. J Biol Chem. 2003 Nov 14;278(46):45763-9. Epub 2003 Aug 18. [PubMed:12925531 ]
General function:
Involved in peroxidase activity
Specific function:
May play an important role in regulating or promoting cell proliferation in some normal and neoplastically transformed cells.
Gene Name:
PTGS1
Uniprot ID:
P23219
Molecular weight:
68685.82
References
  1. Calkin AC, Sudhir K, Honisett S, Williams MR, Dawood T, Komesaroff PA: Rapid potentiation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation by estradiol in postmenopausal women is mediated via cyclooxygenase 2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Nov;87(11):5072-5. [PubMed:12414874 ]
  2. Kirchheiner J, Meineke I, Steinbach N, Meisel C, Roots I, Brockmoller J: Pharmacokinetics of diclofenac and inhibition of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2: no relationship to the CYP2C9 genetic polymorphism in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Jan;55(1):51-61. [PubMed:12534640 ]
  3. Kampfer H, Brautigam L, Geisslinger G, Pfeilschifter J, Frank S: Cyclooxygenase-1-coupled prostaglandin biosynthesis constitutes an essential prerequisite for skin repair. J Invest Dermatol. 2003 May;120(5):880-90. [PubMed:12713596 ]
  4. Chavez ML, DeKorte CJ: Valdecoxib: a review. Clin Ther. 2003 Mar;25(3):817-51. [PubMed:12852704 ]
  5. Hinz B, Rau T, Auge D, Werner U, Ramer R, Rietbrock S, Brune K: Aceclofenac spares cyclooxygenase 1 as a result of limited but sustained biotransformation to diclofenac. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Sep;74(3):222-35. [PubMed:12966366 ]
  6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
  7. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
  2. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan.
Gene Name:
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID:
P11712
Molecular weight:
55627.365
References
  1. Mo SL, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Wei MQ, Zhou SF: New insights into the structural features and functional relevance of human cytochrome P450 2C9. Part I. Curr Drug Metab. 2009 Dec;10(10):1075-126. [PubMed:20167001 ]
  2. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
  3. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
  4. Obach RS, Reed-Hagen AE: Measurement of Michaelis constants for cytochrome P450-mediated biotransformation reactions using a substrate depletion approach. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Jul;30(7):831-7. [PubMed:12065442 ]
  5. Leemann T, Transon C, Dayer P: Cytochrome P450TB (CYP2C): a major monooxygenase catalyzing diclofenac 4'-hydroxylation in human liver. Life Sci. 1993;52(1):29-34. [PubMed:8417277 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
Gene Name:
CYP2C19
Uniprot ID:
P33261
Molecular weight:
55944.565
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Metabolizes several precarcinogens, drugs, and solvents to reactive metabolites. Inactivates a number of drugs and xenobiotics and also bioactivates many xenobiotic substrates to their hepatotoxic or carcinogenic forms.
Gene Name:
CYP2E1
Uniprot ID:
P05181
Molecular weight:
56848.42
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]

Transporters

General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Mediates the Na(+)-independent high affinity transport of organic anions such as the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and rT3. Other potential substrates, such as triiodothyronine (T3), 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, estrone-3-sulfate and sulfobromophthalein (BSP) are transported with much lower efficiency
Gene Name:
SLCO1C1
Uniprot ID:
Q9NYB5
Molecular weight:
78695.6
References
  1. Westholm DE, Stenehjem DD, Rumbley JN, Drewes LR, Anderson GW: Competitive inhibition of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1c1-mediated thyroxine transport by the fenamate class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Endocrinology. 2009 Feb;150(2):1025-32. doi: 10.1210/en.2008-0188. Epub 2008 Oct 9. [PubMed:18845642 ]
  2. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [PubMed:10592235 ]
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o- glucuronide, methotrexate, antiviral drugs and other xenobiotics. Confers resistance to anticancer drugs. Hydrolyzes ATP with low efficiency
Gene Name:
ABCC1
Uniprot ID:
P33527
Molecular weight:
171589.5
References
  1. Reid G, Wielinga P, Zelcer N, van der Heijden I, Kuil A, de Haas M, Wijnholds J, Borst P: The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9244-9. Epub 2003 Jun 30. [PubMed:12835412 ]
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells
Gene Name:
ABCB1
Uniprot ID:
P08183
Molecular weight:
141477.3
References
  1. Wang E, Lew K, Barecki M, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Quantitative distinctions of active site molecular recognition by P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A4. Chem Res Toxicol. 2001 Dec;14(12):1596-603. [PubMed:11743742 ]
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Mediates saturable uptake of estrone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and related compounds
Gene Name:
SLC22A11
Uniprot ID:
Q9NSA0
Molecular weight:
59970.9
References
  1. Cha SH, Sekine T, Kusuhara H, Yu E, Kim JY, Kim DK, Sugiyama Y, Kanai Y, Endou H: Molecular cloning and characterization of multispecific organic anion transporter 4 expressed in the placenta. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 11;275(6):4507-12. [PubMed:10660625 ]
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
May be an organic anion pump relevant to cellular detoxification
Gene Name:
ABCC4
Uniprot ID:
O15439
Molecular weight:
149525.3
References
  1. Reid G, Wielinga P, Zelcer N, van der Heijden I, Kuil A, de Haas M, Wijnholds J, Borst P: The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9244-9. Epub 2003 Jun 30. [PubMed:12835412 ]
General function:
Involved in ion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one molecule of endogenous dicarboxylic acid (glutarate, ketoglutarate, etc). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of p- aminohippurate (PAH), ochratoxin (OTA), acyclovir (ACV), 3'-azido- 3-'deoxythymidine (AZT), cimetidine (CMD), 2,4-dichloro- phenoxyacetate (2,4-D), hippurate (HA), indoleacetate (IA), indoxyl sulfate (IS) and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2- furanpropionate (CMPF), cidofovir, adefovir, 9-(2- phosphonylmethoxyethyl) guanine (PMEG), 9-(2- phosphonylmethoxyethyl) diaminopurine (PMEDAP) and edaravone sulfate. PAH uptake is inhibited by p- chloromercuribenzenesulphonate (PCMBS), diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC), sulindac, diclofenac, carprofen, glutarate and okadaic acid. PAH uptake is inhibited by benzothiazolylcysteine (BTC), S-chlorotrifluoroethylcysteine (CTFC), cysteine S-conjugates S-dichlorovinylcysteine (DCVC), furosemide, steviol, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), calcium ionophore A23187, benzylpenicillin, furosemide, indomethacin, bumetamide, losartan, probenecid, phenol red, urate, and alpha-ketoglutarate
Gene Name:
SLC22A6
Uniprot ID:
Q4U2R8
Molecular weight:
61815.8
References
  1. Mulato AS, Ho ES, Cihlar T: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs efficiently reduce the transport and cytotoxicity of adefovir mediated by the human renal organic anion transporter 1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Oct;295(1):10-5. [PubMed:10991954 ]
  2. Kuze K, Graves P, Leahy A, Wilson P, Stuhlmann H, You G: Heterologous expression and functional characterization of a mouse renal organic anion transporter in mammalian cells. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jan 15;274(3):1519-24. [PubMed:9880528 ]
  3. Apiwattanakul N, Sekine T, Chairoungdua A, Kanai Y, Nakajima N, Sophasan S, Endou H: Transport properties of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by organic anion transporter 1 expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Mol Pharmacol. 1999 May;55(5):847-54. [PubMed:10220563 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 25 proteins in total.