Showing metabocard for (S)-lipoic acid (HMDB14312)

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

This enzyme is required for electron transfer from NADP to cytochrome P450 in microsomes. It can also provide electron transfer to heme oxygenase and cytochrome B5.

Gene Name:

POR

Uniprot ID:

P16435

Molecular weight:

77047.575

References

1. Dudka J: Decrease in NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activity of the human heart, Liver and lungs in the presence of alpha-lipoic acid. Ann Nutr Metab. 2006;50(2):121-5. Epub 2006 Jan 2. [PubMed:16391466 ]
2. Wen B, Coe KJ, Rademacher P, Fitch WL, Monshouwer M, Nelson SD: Comparison of in vitro bioactivation of flutamide and its cyano analogue: evidence for reductive activation by human NADPH:cytochrome P450 reductase. Chem Res Toxicol. 2008 Dec;21(12):2393-406. doi: 10.1021/tx800281h. [PubMed:19548358 ]
3. Gan L, von Moltke LL, Trepanier LA, Harmatz JS, Greenblatt DJ, Court MH: Role of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase and cytochrome-b5/NADH-b5 reductase in variability of CYP3A activity in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Jan;37(1):90-6. doi: 10.1124/dmd.108.023424. Epub 2008 Oct 6. [PubMed:18838505 ]

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the radical-mediated insertion of two sulfur atoms into the C-6 and C-8 positions of the octanoyl moiety bound to the lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes, thereby converting the octanoylated domains into lipoylated derivatives (By similarity).

Gene Name:

LIAS

Uniprot ID:

O43766

Molecular weight:

41910.695

References

1. Morikawa T, Yasuno R, Wada H: Do mammalian cells synthesize lipoic acid? Identification of a mouse cDNA encoding a lipoic acid synthase located in mitochondria. FEBS Lett. 2001 Jun 1;498(1):16-21. [PubMed:11389890 ]
2. Yasuno R, Wada H: Biosynthesis of lipoic acid in Arabidopsis: cloning and characterization of the cDNA for lipoic acid synthase. Plant Physiol. 1998 Nov;118(3):935-43. [PubMed:9808738 ]
3. Ollagnier-de Choudens S, Fontecave M: The lipoate synthase from Escherichia coli is an iron-sulfur protein. FEBS Lett. 1999 Jun 18;453(1-2):25-8. [PubMed:10403368 ]
4. Wrenger C, Muller S: The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum has distinct organelle-specific lipoylation pathways. Mol Microbiol. 2004 Jul;53(1):103-13. [PubMed:15225307 ]
5. Gunther S, McMillan PJ, Wallace LJ, Muller S: Plasmodium falciparum possesses organelle-specific alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes and lipoylation pathways. Biochem Soc Trans. 2005 Nov;33(Pt 5):977-80. [PubMed:16246025 ]

General function:

Involved in transporter activity

Specific function:

Transports pantothenate, biotin and lipoate in the presence of sodium.

Gene Name:

SLC5A6

Uniprot ID:

Q9Y289

Molecular weight:

68641.27

References

1. Prasad PD, Wang H, Huang W, Fei YJ, Leibach FH, Devoe LD, Ganapathy V: Molecular and functional characterization of the intestinal Na+-dependent multivitamin transporter. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1999 Jun 1;366(1):95-106. [PubMed:10334869 ]
2. Dey S, Subramanian VS, Chatterjee NS, Rubin SA, Said HM: Characterization of the 5' regulatory region of the human sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter, hSMVT. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Mar 19;1574(2):187-92. [PubMed:11955628 ]
3. Griffin JB, Stanley JS, Zempleni J: Synthesis of a rabbit polyclonal antibody to the human sodium-dependent multivitamin transporter. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2002 Jul;72(4):195-8. [PubMed:12214555 ]

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

Has medium-chain fatty acid:CoA ligase activity with broad substrate specificity (in vitro). Acts on acids from C(4) to C(11) and on the corresponding 3-hydroxy- and 2,3- or 3,4-unsaturated acids (in vitro). Functions as GTP-dependent lipoate-activating enzyme that generates the substrate for lipoyltransferase (By similarity).

Gene Name:

ACSM1

Uniprot ID:

Q08AH1

Molecular weight:

65272.74

Reactions

General function:

Involved in catalytic activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the transfer of the lipoyl group from lipoyl-AMP to the specific lysine residue of lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes (By similarity).

Gene Name:

LIPT1

Uniprot ID:

Q9Y234

Molecular weight:

42478.8

References

1. Gunther S, McMillan PJ, Wallace LJ, Muller S: Plasmodium falciparum possesses organelle-specific alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes and lipoylation pathways. Biochem Soc Trans. 2005 Nov;33(Pt 5):977-80. [PubMed:16246025 ]
2. Fujiwara K, Toma S, Okamura-Ikeda K, Motokawa Y, Nakagawa A, Taniguchi H: Crystal structure of lipoate-protein ligase A from Escherichia coli. Determination of the lipoic acid-binding site. J Biol Chem. 2005 Sep 30;280(39):33645-51. Epub 2005 Jul 25. [PubMed:16043486 ]
3. Gueguen V, Macherel D, Neuburger M, Pierre CS, Jaquinod M, Gans P, Douce R, Bourguignon J: Structural and functional characterization of H protein mutants of the glycine decarboxylase complex. J Biol Chem. 1999 Sep 10;274(37):26344-52. [PubMed:10473591 ]
4. Macherel D, Bourguignon J, Forest E, Faure M, Cohen-Addad C, Douce R: Expression, lipoylation and structure determination of recombinant pea H-protein in Escherichia coli. Eur J Biochem. 1996 Feb 15;236(1):27-33. [PubMed:8617275 ]
5. Fujiwara K, Hosaka H, Matsuda M, Okamura-Ikeda K, Motokawa Y, Suzuki M, Nakagawa A, Taniguchi H: Crystal structure of bovine lipoyltransferase in complex with lipoyl-AMP. J Mol Biol. 2007 Aug 3;371(1):222-34. Epub 2007 May 26. [PubMed:17570395 ]