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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:51 UTC
Update Date2023-02-21 17:18:21 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0014986
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB14986
Metabolite Identification
Common NameLevamisole
DescriptionAn antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6)
Structure
Data?1676999901
Synonyms
ValueSource
(-)-6-Phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazoleChEBI
(-)-6-Phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b]thiazoleChEBI
(-)-TetramisoleChEBI
(S)-(-)-LevamisoleChEBI
(S)-(-)-TetramisoleChEBI
(S)-2,3,5,6-Tetrahydro-6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazoleChEBI
KetraxChEBI
LepuronChEBI
LevamisolChEBI
LevamisolumChEBI
LevomysolChEBI
LevovermaxChEBI
TotalonChEBI
WormicidChEBI
DL-TetramisolHMDB
DL-TetramisoleHMDB
L-TetramisoleHMDB
Levamisole hydrochlorideHMDB
Phenyl imidothiazoleHMDB
DecarisHMDB
DekarisHMDB
Hydrochloride, levamisoleHMDB
LevotetramisoleHMDB
SolaskilHMDB
Chemical FormulaC11H12N2S
Average Molecular Weight204.291
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight204.072119084
IUPAC Name(6S)-6-phenyl-2H,3H,5H,6H-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole
Traditional Namelevamisole
CAS Registry Number14769-73-4
SMILES
C1CN2C[C@@H](N=C2S1)C1=CC=CC=C1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C11H12N2S/c1-2-4-9(5-3-1)10-8-13-6-7-14-11(13)12-10/h1-5,10H,6-8H2/t10-/m1/s1
InChI KeyHLFSDGLLUJUHTE-SNVBAGLBSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as imidazothiazoles. These are organic polycyclic compounds containing an imidazole ring fused to a thiazole ring. Imidazole is 5-membered ring consisting of three carbon atoms, and two nitrogen centers at the 1- and 3-positions. Thiazole is a 6-membered ring that contains both sulfur and nitrogen.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassImidazothiazoles
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentImidazothiazoles
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Imidazothiazole
  • Benzenoid
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Thiazolidine
  • 2-imidazoline
  • Isothiourea
  • Azacycle
  • Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
  • Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
  • Carboximidamide
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
  • 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole (CHEBI:6432 )
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point264 - 265 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility1.44 g/LNot Available
LogP2.3Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M+H]+CBM144.630932474
[M+H]+Not Available143.906http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00001018
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility1.44 g/LALOGPS
logP2.2ALOGPS
logP2.36ChemAxon
logS-2.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)6.98ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area15.6 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count1ChemAxon
Refractivity60.08 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability22.35 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+143.1431661259
DarkChem[M-H]-140.76631661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+141.89630932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-139.50130932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-172.80330932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+147.80930932474
AllCCS[M+H]+144.232859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+140.032859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+148.132859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+149.232859911
AllCCS[M-H]-148.432859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-148.432859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-148.532859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
LevamisoleC1CN2C[C@@H](N=C2S1)C1=CC=CC=C12747.4Standard polar33892256
LevamisoleC1CN2C[C@@H](N=C2S1)C1=CC=CC=C11846.8Standard non polar33892256
LevamisoleC1CN2C[C@@H](N=C2S1)C1=CC=CC=C11987.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Levamisole GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0udi-6900000000-5160cd42f946bfd44b1d2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Levamisole GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-3287b9f97484db3f82592017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0290000000-2a8784dae8e131756f292017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-056r-0930000000-975ff964afb959f70b6f2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0900000000-a8c5505d0b7fdeaf03702017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-00o0-0900000000-80c580945e5a7ddd91412017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-056r-0930000000-d376a4d6ffa9741936182017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-d856a825b29504cf56b62017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-29757710d68d19c20f762017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0190000000-e4e9e3b226281380147b2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a6r-0980000000-ac1adb2c160be1dafe122017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-056r-1920000000-4c40f20cc8cba971e7f62017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-00bc-2900000000-9a1379a30cf72af41c532017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-7b7b26cae9b220d1caab2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0090000000-1bbcf954ce60d0b1fcaa2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0190000000-07d289ec95e677a1b3aa2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0a6r-0890000000-c2231044d3a23c9eb2702017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-056r-1920000000-0a9caf1aaab83df711592017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-00bc-2900000000-46aebcf766e13a170e5d2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole LC-ESI-ITFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0920000000-eed44b98c34d9c4e1c342017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0190000000-e27d3eae5d0536103a2b2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0490000000-20fbde0c1ba744332cbd2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0udi-5900000000-f25084a300a530a01cfe2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-2390000000-16c6d1782c45041a70fe2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udl-9780000000-047086ae86d48e30ebbb2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Levamisole 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9100000000-70b78a5f84acbfee2c2e2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum

IR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Predicted IR SpectrumIR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+)2023-02-03FELIX labView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00848 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00848 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00848
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID25037
KEGG Compound IDC07070
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkLevamisole
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound26879
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID6432
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Van Belle H: Alkaline phosphatase. I. Kinetics and inhibition by levamisole of purified isoenzymes from humans. Clin Chem. 1976 Jul;22(7):972-6. [PubMed:6169 ]
  2. Authors unspecified: Levamisole for corticosteroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in childhood. British Association for Paediatric Nephrology. Lancet. 1991 Jun 29;337(8757):1555-7. [PubMed:1675705 ]
  3. Grishchenko SV, Lavrukhina LA, Ketiladze ES, Krylov VF, Ershov FI: [Results of combined therapy using levamisole for patients with influenza complicated by pneumonia]. Vopr Virusol. 1984 Mar-Apr;29(2):175-9. [PubMed:6203228 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
ALPPL2
Uniprot ID:
P10696
Molecular weight:
57376.515
References
  1. Chang YL, Stanford CM, Keller JC: Calcium and phosphate supplementation promotes bone cell mineralization: implications for hydroxyapatite (HA)-enhanced bone formation. J Biomed Mater Res. 2000 Nov;52(2):270-8. [PubMed:10951365 ]
  2. Funk CJ: Alkaline phosphatase activity in whitefly salivary glands and saliva. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2001 Apr;46(4):165-74. [PubMed:11304750 ]
  3. de Aguiar Matos JA, Borges FP, Tasca T, Bogo MR, De Carli GA, da Graca Fauth M, Dias RD, Bonan CD: Characterisation of an ATP diphosphohydrolase (Apyrase, EC 3.6.1.5) activity in Trichomonas vaginalis. Int J Parasitol. 2001 Jun;31(8):770-5. [PubMed:11403767 ]
  4. McDougall K, Plumb C, King WA, Hahnel A: Inhibitor profiles of alkaline phosphatases in bovine preattachment embryos and adult tissues. J Histochem Cytochem. 2002 Mar;50(3):415-22. [PubMed:11850443 ]
  5. Soory M, Suchak A: Effects of alkaline phosphatase and its inhibitor levamisole on the modulation of androgen metabolism by nicotine and minocycline in human gingival and oral periosteal fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol. 2003 Jan;48(1):69-76. [PubMed:12615144 ]
  6. Mota A, Silva P, Neves D, Lemos C, Calhau C, Torres D, Martel F, Fraga H, Ribeiro L, Alcada MN, Pinho MJ, Negrao MR, Pedrosa R, Guerreiro S, Guimaraes JT, Azevedo I, Martins MJ: Characterization of rat heart alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes and modulation of activity. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2008 Jul;41(7):600-9. [PubMed:18719742 ]