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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:52 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:52:00 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0015487
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB15487
Metabolite Identification
Common NameAcenocoumarol
DescriptionAcenocoumarol, also known as mini-sintrom or acenokumarin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 4-hydroxycoumarins. These are coumarins that contain one or more hydroxyl groups attached to C4-position the coumarin skeleton. Acenocoumarol is a drug which is used for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic diseases. more specifically, it is indicated for the prevention of cerebral embolism, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, thromboembolism in infarction and transient ischemic attacks. it is used for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and myocardial infarction. A hydroxycoumarin that is warfarin in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is replaced by a nitro group. Acenocoumarol is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). In humans, acenocoumarol is involved in acenocoumarol action pathway. Acenocoumarol is a potentially toxic compound.
Structure
Data?1582753302
Synonyms
ValueSource
3-(alpha-(4'-Nitrophenyl)-beta-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinChEBI
3-(alpha-(p-Nitrophenol)-beta-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinChEBI
3-(alpha-Acetonyl-4-nitrobenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinChEBI
3-(alpha-Acetonyl-p-nitrobenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinChEBI
3-(alpha-p-Nitrophenyl-beta-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinChEBI
4-Hydroxy-3-(1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-oxobutyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-oneChEBI
4-Hydroxy-3-[1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-oxobutyl]-2H-chromen-2-oneChEBI
AcenocoumarinChEBI
AcenocoumarolumChEBI
AcenocumarolChEBI
AcenocumaroloChEBI
AcenokumarinChEBI
NicoumaloneChEBI
NicumalonChEBI
Nitrophenylacetylethyl-4-hydroxycoumarineChEBI
NitrovarfarianChEBI
NitrowarfarinChEBI
Mini-sintromKegg
3-(a-(4'-Nitrophenyl)-b-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinGenerator
3-(Α-(4'-nitrophenyl)-β-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinGenerator
3-(a-(p-Nitrophenol)-b-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinGenerator
3-(Α-(p-nitrophenol)-β-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinGenerator
3-(a-Acetonyl-4-nitrobenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinGenerator
3-(Α-acetonyl-4-nitrobenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinGenerator
3-(a-Acetonyl-p-nitrobenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinGenerator
3-(Α-acetonyl-p-nitrobenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinGenerator
3-(a-p-Nitrophenyl-b-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinGenerator
3-(Α-p-nitrophenyl-β-acetylethyl)-4-hydroxycoumarinGenerator
Ciba-geigy brand OF acenocoumarolHMDB
Mini sintromHMDB
Novartis brand OF acenocoumarolHMDB
SinkumarHMDB
SyncoumarHMDB
SynthromHMDB
Acenocoumarol alliance brandHMDB
Acenocoumarol novartis brandHMDB
Alliance brand OF acenocoumarolHMDB
Ciba geigy brand OF acenocoumarolHMDB
MiniSintromHMDB
SyncumarHMDB
Acenocoumarol ciba-geigy brandHMDB
SinthromeHMDB
SintromHMDB
Chemical FormulaC19H15NO6
Average Molecular Weight353.3255
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight353.089937217
IUPAC Name4-hydroxy-3-[1-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-oxobutyl]-2H-chromen-2-one
Traditional Nameacenocumarolo
CAS Registry Number152-72-7
SMILES
CC(=O)CC(C1=CC=C(C=C1)[N+]([O-])=O)C1=C(O)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C19H15NO6/c1-11(21)10-15(12-6-8-13(9-7-12)20(24)25)17-18(22)14-4-2-3-5-16(14)26-19(17)23/h2-9,15,22H,10H2,1H3
InChI KeyVABCILAOYCMVPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 4-hydroxycoumarins. These are coumarins that contain one or more hydroxyl groups attached to C4-position the coumarin skeleton.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassPhenylpropanoids and polyketides
ClassCoumarins and derivatives
Sub ClassHydroxycoumarins
Direct Parent4-hydroxycoumarins
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 4-hydroxycoumarin
  • Benzopyran
  • 1-benzopyran
  • Nitrobenzene
  • Nitroaromatic compound
  • Pyranone
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Pyran
  • Benzenoid
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Vinylogous acid
  • Ketone
  • Lactone
  • C-nitro compound
  • Organic nitro compound
  • Oxacycle
  • Organic oxoazanium
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Allyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
  • Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
  • Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point197 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.011 g/LNot Available
LogP1.98SANGSTER (1994)
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.011 g/LALOGPS
logP2.53ALOGPS
logP2.68ChemAxon
logS-4.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)5.79ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-6.8ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count5ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area109.42 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity94.18 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability34.35 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+182.90531661259
DarkChem[M-H]-183.0631661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+182.77930932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-180.42130932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-214.62530932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+189.85530932474
AllCCS[M+H]+181.732859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+178.532859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+184.732859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+185.532859911
AllCCS[M-H]-182.232859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-181.632859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-181.132859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
AcenocoumarolCC(=O)CC(C1=CC=C(C=C1)[N+]([O-])=O)C1=C(O)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O4278.3Standard polar33892256
AcenocoumarolCC(=O)CC(C1=CC=C(C=C1)[N+]([O-])=O)C1=C(O)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O1704.5Standard non polar33892256
AcenocoumarolCC(=O)CC(C1=CC=C(C=C1)[N+]([O-])=O)C1=C(O)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O3199.3Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Acenocoumarol,1TMS,isomer #1CC(=O)CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O3213.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,1TMS,isomer #2CC(=CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C3315.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,1TMS,isomer #3C=C(CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C3236.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TMS,isomer #1CC(=CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C3311.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TMS,isomer #1CC(=CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C3046.6Standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TMS,isomer #1CC(=CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C3728.1Standard polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TMS,isomer #2C=C(CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C3230.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TMS,isomer #2C=C(CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C2921.6Standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TMS,isomer #2C=C(CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C3729.3Standard polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(=O)CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O3491.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(=CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3611.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,1TBDMS,isomer #3C=C(CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3540.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(=CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3829.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(=CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3498.9Standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(=CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3827.7Standard polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TBDMS,isomer #2C=C(CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3740.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TBDMS,isomer #2C=C(CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3342.6Standard non polar33892256
Acenocoumarol,2TBDMS,isomer #2C=C(CC(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)C1=C(O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C2OC1=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3835.0Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0005-4394000000-cee5104d5911648240f02017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0h90-9486300000-ff32bbb6638456fac0ab2017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0009000000-a9c658b6227fbe7177862016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4r-0009000000-b7023b451fda1f0da3962016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-3509000000-10dd28ff6a33134ff6312016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-1009000000-bb35e9834abd3581b7c92016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-2009000000-0b9b626833d64db8299c2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Acenocoumarol 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9104000000-feadec6c8ab265c3c1b32016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB01418 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB01418 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Predicted Concentrations
BiospecimenValueOriginal ageOriginal sexOriginal conditionComments
Blood0.000 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Blood0.000 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB01418
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID10443441
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkAcenocoumarol
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound54676537
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID53766
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Ufer M: Comparative pharmacokinetics of vitamin K antagonists: warfarin, phenprocoumon and acenocoumarol. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(12):1227-46. [PubMed:16372822 ]
  2. Montes R, Ruiz de Gaona E, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Alberca I, Hermida J: The c.-1639G > A polymorphism of the VKORC1 gene is a major determinant of the response to acenocoumarol in anticoagulated patients. Br J Haematol. 2006 Apr;133(2):183-7. [PubMed:16611310 ]
  3. Girard P, Nony P, Erhardtsen E, Delair S, Ffrench P, Dechavanne M, Boissel JP: Population pharmacokinetics of recombinant factor VIIa in volunteers anticoagulated with acenocoumarol. Thromb Haemost. 1998 Jul;80(1):109-13. [PubMed:9684795 ]
  4. Cesar JM, Garcia-Avello A, Navarro JL, Herraez MV: Aging and oral anticoagulant therapy using acenocoumarol. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2004 Oct;15(8):673-6. [PubMed:15613922 ]
  5. Lengyel M: [Warfarin or acenocoumarol is better in the anticoagulant treatment of chronic atrial fibrillation?]. Orv Hetil. 2004 Dec 26;145(52):2619-21. [PubMed:15724697 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Ufer M: Comparative pharmacokinetics of vitamin K antagonists: warfarin, phenprocoumon and acenocoumarol. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(12):1227-46. [PubMed:16372822 ]
  2. Morales-Molina JA, Arrebola MA, Robles PA, Mangana JC: Possible interaction between topical terbinafine and acenocoumarol. Ann Pharmacother. 2009 Nov;43(11):1911-2. doi: 10.1345/aph.1M299. Epub 2009 Oct 20. [PubMed:19843835 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan.
Gene Name:
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID:
P11712
Molecular weight:
55627.365
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
  2. Stehle S, Kirchheiner J, Lazar A, Fuhr U: Pharmacogenetics of oral anticoagulants: a basis for dose individualization. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2008;47(9):565-94. [PubMed:18698879 ]
  3. Bodin L, Verstuyft C, Tregouet DA, Robert A, Dubert L, Funck-Brentano C, Jaillon P, Beaune P, Laurent-Puig P, Becquemont L, Loriot MA: Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKORC1) genotypes as determinants of acenocoumarol sensitivity. Blood. 2005 Jul 1;106(1):135-40. Epub 2005 Mar 24. [PubMed:15790782 ]
  4. Gonzalez-Conejero R, Corral J, Roldan V, Ferrer F, Sanchez-Serrano I, Sanchez-Blanco JJ, Marin F, Vicente V: The genetic interaction between VKORC1 c1173t and calumenin a29809g modulates the anticoagulant response of acenocoumarol. J Thromb Haemost. 2007 Aug;5(8):1701-6. Epub 2007 May 21. [PubMed:17596133 ]
  5. Montes R, Ruiz de Gaona E, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Alberca I, Hermida J: The c.-1639G > A polymorphism of the VKORC1 gene is a major determinant of the response to acenocoumarol in anticoagulated patients. Br J Haematol. 2006 Apr;133(2):183-7. [PubMed:16611310 ]
  6. Rettie AE, Farin FM, Beri NG, Srinouanprachanh SL, Rieder MJ, Thijssen HH: A case study of acenocoumarol sensitivity and genotype-phenotype discordancy explained by combinations of polymorphisms in VKORC1 and CYP2C9. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Nov;62(5):617-20. Epub 2006 Jul 21. [PubMed:16869821 ]
  7. Schalekamp T, Brasse BP, Roijers JF, Chahid Y, van Geest-Daalderop JH, de Vries-Goldschmeding H, van Wijk EM, Egberts AC, de Boer A: VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotypes and acenocoumarol anticoagulation status: interaction between both genotypes affects overanticoagulation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Jul;80(1):13-22. [PubMed:16815313 ]
  8. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
Gene Name:
CYP2C19
Uniprot ID:
P33261
Molecular weight:
55944.565
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.
Gene Name:
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID:
P05177
Molecular weight:
58406.915
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
General function:
Involved in vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-sensi
Specific function:
Involved in vitamin K metabolism. Catalytic subunit of the vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) complex which reduces inactive vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to active vitamin K.
Gene Name:
VKORC1
Uniprot ID:
Q9BQB6
Molecular weight:
18234.3
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
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