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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-11 18:17:36 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:53:46 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0033557
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB33557
Metabolite Identification
Common Name(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan
Description6-chlorotryptophan belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives. Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a carboxylic acid chain (of at least 2 carbon atoms) linked to an indole ring. Based on a literature review very few articles have been published on 6-chlorotryptophan.
Structure
Data?1563862424
Synonyms
ValueSource
6-chloro-DL-TryptophanHMDB
6-chloro-TryptophanHMDB
6-ChlorotryptophanHMDB, MeSH
6-Chlorotryptophan, (R)-isomerMeSH
6-Chlorotryptophan, (DL)-isomerMeSH
Chemical FormulaC11H11ClN2O2
Average Molecular Weight238.67
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight238.050905313
IUPAC Name2-amino-3-(6-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid
Traditional Name2-amino-3-(6-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid
CAS Registry Number17808-21-8
SMILES
NC(CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC(Cl)=C2)C(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C11H11ClN2O2/c12-7-1-2-8-6(3-9(13)11(15)16)5-14-10(8)4-7/h1-2,4-5,9,14H,3,13H2,(H,15,16)
InChI KeyFICLVQOYKYBXFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives. Indolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a carboxylic acid chain (of at least 2 carbon atoms) linked to an indole ring.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassIndoles and derivatives
Sub ClassIndolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives
Direct ParentIndolyl carboxylic acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Indolyl carboxylic acid derivative
  • Alpha-amino acid
  • Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
  • 3-alkylindole
  • Indole
  • Aralkylamine
  • Aryl chloride
  • Aryl halide
  • Benzenoid
  • Substituted pyrrole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Pyrrole
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Amino acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Azacycle
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Primary aliphatic amine
  • Primary amine
  • Amine
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Organochloride
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External DescriptorsNot Available
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
ProcessNot Available
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point278 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.6 g/LALOGPS
logP-0.49ALOGPS
logP-0.48ChemAxon
logS-2.6ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)2.11ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.4ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area79.11 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity61.01 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability23.64 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+144.34830932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-141.9930932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-176.51630932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+152.00630932474
AllCCS[M+H]+152.032859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+148.132859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+155.532859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+156.632859911
AllCCS[M-H]-151.632859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-151.732859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-151.932859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
(??)-6-ChlorotryptophanNC(CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC(Cl)=C2)C(O)=O3481.3Standard polar33892256
(??)-6-ChlorotryptophanNC(CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC(Cl)=C2)C(O)=O2151.2Standard non polar33892256
(??)-6-ChlorotryptophanNC(CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC(Cl)=C2)C(O)=O2568.1Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
(??)-6-Chlorotryptophan,1TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(N)CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C122365.1Semi standard non polar33892256
(??)-6-Chlorotryptophan,1TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O2351.0Semi standard non polar33892256
(??)-6-Chlorotryptophan,1TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)N1C=C(CC(N)C(=O)O)C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C212372.8Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C2320.3Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C2256.0Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C122352.9Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C122253.7Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C2497.7Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C2367.4Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TMS,isomer #4C[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O2350.0Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TMS,isomer #4C[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O2307.6Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C2481.0Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C2424.2Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C2331.9Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TMS,isomer #2C[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C2338.2Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C2525.2Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TMS,isomer #3C[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C2462.7Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C2551.1Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,4TMS,isomer #1C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)N([Si](C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C2491.0Standard non polar33892256
(??)-6-Chlorotryptophan,1TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(N)CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C122651.8Semi standard non polar33892256
(??)-6-Chlorotryptophan,1TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O2622.3Semi standard non polar33892256
(??)-6-Chlorotryptophan,1TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N1C=C(CC(N)C(=O)O)C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C212640.3Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2809.3Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2730.9Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C122843.1Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C122684.5Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2987.4Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2798.4Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TBDMS,isomer #4CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O2829.8Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,2TBDMS,isomer #4CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O2743.2Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3179.7Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=C[NH]C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3064.3Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3007.0Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TBDMS,isomer #2CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)NC(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C2961.1Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3201.4Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,3TBDMS,isomer #3CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)N(C(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)O)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3025.4Standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3381.7Semi standard non polar33892256
(±)-6-Chlorotryptophan,4TBDMS,isomer #1CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C(CC1=CN([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C3231.6Standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0006-7920000000-789144f6b1b4ef754a722017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0006-4910000000-8f35950521db532c4ad22017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan GC-MS (TBDMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-03Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000f-0960000000-d1a6bb0c7310defe574d2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0910000000-fd077e1d4a8ed23187342016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-0900000000-0ed6491205d3c9f87f5f2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-2190000000-5fa3c1e42a157430c3da2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00di-9650000000-f6dbe63ad939332246b22016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-00di-9600000000-3ceb6a9136cd1f78c0ac2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0940000000-cbb58b3e3ee6fd88262b2021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-4900000000-a6364cf34396d6eb9aab2021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-4900000000-7085fbdb39cb851bb2d52021-09-22Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-009l-0690000000-87163f254c9df21b17372021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0910000000-48fe8efe86b17d7c027c2021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - (±)-6-Chlorotryptophan 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0900000000-f940dd32bab360bb5dc62021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID58751
KEGG Compound IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem CompoundNot Available
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID140516
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. (). Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.. .