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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-11 19:52:34 UTC
Update Date2022-07-19 22:09:51 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0034945
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB34945
Metabolite Identification
Common NameStevioside
DescriptionStevioside belongs to the class of organic compounds known as steviol glycosides. These are prenol lipids containing a carbohydrate moiety glycosidically linked to a steviol (a diterpenoid based on a 13-Hydroxykaur-16-en-18-oic acid) moiety. Steviol glycosides are the chemical compounds responsible for the sweet taste of the leaves of the South American plant Stevia rebaudiana (Asteraceae), which is a member of the sunflower family native to Paraguay and Brazil.  Steviol glycosides are the main ingredients (or precursors) of many sweeteners marketed under the generic name stevia and several other trade names. Stevioside is one of the major sweetening constituents of commercial stevia, accounting for between 5-10% of the dry weight of steviol glycosides found in this plant. Stevioside is up to 300 times sweeter than sucrose and is widely used as a non-nutritive replacement for common sugar (sucrose). However, a more recent evaluation suggests that stevioside is only 140 times sweeter than sucrose (PMID: 17397883 ). Stevia rebaudiana is extensively cultivated in Japan, and stevia is now a permitted sweetener in many countries. The two main compounds in stevia (stevioside and rebaudioside) primarily responsible for the sweet taste of stevia leaves, were first isolated by two French chemists (Bridel and Lavielle) in 1931. In 1980, Tomoya Ogawa and colleagues at the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (now Riken) in Japan reported the total synthesis of stevioside (https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-4020(80)80136-0). Stevioside binds to the T1R2 and T1R3 (sweet) receptors as well as the T2R4 and T2R14 (bitter) receptors (PMID: 24705770 ). Stevioside is not an endogenously occurring human metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically stevioside is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults or impacts from environmental, dietary and occupational sources.
Structure
Data?1595281855
Synonyms
ValueSource
13-[(2-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]kaur-16-en-18-Oic acid beta-D-glucopyranosyl esterChEBI
SteviosinChEBI
13-[(2-O-b-D-Glucopyranosyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]kaur-16-en-18-Oate b-D-glucopyranosyl esterGenerator
13-[(2-O-b-D-Glucopyranosyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]kaur-16-en-18-Oic acid b-D-glucopyranosyl esterGenerator
13-[(2-O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]kaur-16-en-18-Oate beta-D-glucopyranosyl esterGenerator
13-[(2-O-Β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]kaur-16-en-18-Oate β-D-glucopyranosyl esterGenerator
13-[(2-O-Β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]kaur-16-en-18-Oic acid β-D-glucopyranosyl esterGenerator
Steviol glycosideHMDB
1,2-SteviosideHMDB
SteviosideHMDB
Chemical FormulaC38H60O18
Average Molecular Weight804.88
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight804.377965092
IUPAC Name(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (1R,4S,5R,9S,10R,13S)-13-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.0^{1,10}.0^{4,9}]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
Traditional Name(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (1R,4S,5R,9S,10R,13S)-13-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.0^{1,10}.0^{4,9}]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
CAS Registry Number57817-89-7
SMILES
[H][C@@]1(O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]2([H])O[C@@]23C[C@]4(CC2=C)CC[C@]2([H])[C@@](C)(CCC[C@@]2(C)[C@]4([H])CC3)C(=O)O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C38H60O18/c1-16-11-37-9-5-20-35(2,7-4-8-36(20,3)34(50)55-32-29(49)26(46)23(43)18(13-40)52-32)21(37)6-10-38(16,15-37)56-33-30(27(47)24(44)19(14-41)53-33)54-31-28(48)25(45)22(42)17(12-39)51-31/h17-33,39-49H,1,4-15H2,2-3H3/t17-,18-,19-,20+,21+,22-,23-,24-,25+,26+,27+,28-,29-,30-,31+,32+,33+,35-,36-,37-,38+/m1/s1
InChI KeyUEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as steviol glycosides. These are prenol lipids containing a carbohydrate moiety glycosidically linked to a steviol (a diterpenoid based on a 13-Hydroxykaur-16-en-18-oic acid) moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
Sub ClassTerpene glycosides
Direct ParentSteviol glycosides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Steviol glycoside
  • Diterpenoid
  • Kaurane diterpenoid
  • Fatty acyl glycoside
  • Fatty acyl glycoside of mono- or disaccharide
  • Disaccharide
  • Glycosyl compound
  • O-glycosyl compound
  • Oxane
  • Fatty acyl
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Polyol
  • Oxacycle
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Acetal
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Alcohol
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point238 - 239 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility1.25 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility4.51 g/LALOGPS
logP-1.2ALOGPS
logP-2.2ChemAxon
logS-2.2ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.84ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count17ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count11ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area294.98 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count10ChemAxon
Refractivity186.15 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability81.29 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings7ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M-2H]-288.59830932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+262.53130932474
AllCCS[M+H]+265.232859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+265.432859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+264.932859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+264.832859911
AllCCS[M-H]-253.232859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-257.832859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-262.932859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Stevioside[H][C@@]1(O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]2([H])O[C@@]23C[C@]4(CC2=C)CC[C@]2([H])[C@@](C)(CCC[C@@]2(C)[C@]4([H])CC3)C(=O)O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O3584.4Standard polar33892256
Stevioside[H][C@@]1(O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]2([H])O[C@@]23C[C@]4(CC2=C)CC[C@]2([H])[C@@](C)(CCC[C@@]2(C)[C@]4([H])CC3)C(=O)O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O5696.6Standard non polar33892256
Stevioside[H][C@@]1(O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]2([H])O[C@@]23C[C@]4(CC2=C)CC[C@]2([H])[C@@](C)(CCC[C@@]2(C)[C@]4([H])CC3)C(=O)O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O6024.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_5) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_6) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_7) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_8) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_9) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_10) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Stevioside GC-MS (TMS_1_11) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-19Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stevioside 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0udi-0200107590-c5b4671c3a625d819a1c2021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stevioside 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-08fu-5200204900-b63b39c609f2c02b0f7f2021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stevioside 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-052f-9100227200-3977f8c0e12dc64250322021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stevioside 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0bvl-0104908260-7aad2a6eaace15a8e8ff2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stevioside 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0udi-1328904010-47226ffd85ba0b3b976f2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Stevioside 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a59-9202101100-c6f23e9023704b67fc8d2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted 1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen LocationsNot Available
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Not Available
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB013538
KNApSAcK IDC00003485
Chemspider ID390625
KEGG Compound IDC09189
BioCyc IDCPD-14504
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkStevioside
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound442089
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID9271
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDrw1023901
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Simons K, Toomre D: Lipid rafts and signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000 Oct;1(1):31-9. [PubMed:11413487 ]
  2. Watson AD: Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2101-11. Epub 2006 Aug 10. [PubMed:16902246 ]
  3. Sethi JK, Vidal-Puig AJ: Thematic review series: adipocyte biology. Adipose tissue function and plasticity orchestrate nutritional adaptation. J Lipid Res. 2007 Jun;48(6):1253-62. Epub 2007 Mar 20. [PubMed:17374880 ]
  4. Lingwood D, Simons K: Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle. Science. 2010 Jan 1;327(5961):46-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1174621. [PubMed:20044567 ]
  5. Brandle JE, Telmer PG: Steviol glycoside biosynthesis. Phytochemistry. 2007 Jul;68(14):1855-63. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.02.010. Epub 2007 Mar 29. [PubMed:17397883 ]
  6. Risso D, Morini G, Pagani L, Quagliariello A, Giuliani C, De Fanti S, Sazzini M, Luiselli D, Tofanelli S: Genetic signature of differential sensitivity to stevioside in the Italian population. Genes Nutr. 2014 May;9(3):401. doi: 10.1007/s12263-014-0401-y. Epub 2014 Apr 6. [PubMed:24705770 ]
  7. (). Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.. .
  8. Gunstone, Frank D., John L. Harwood, and Albert J. Dijkstra (2007). The lipid handbook with CD-ROM. CRC Press.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor activity
Specific function:
Gustducin-coupled receptor for denatonium and N(6)- propyl-2-thiouracil implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5. In airway epithelial cells, binding of denatonium increases the intracellular calcium ion concentration and stimulates ciliary beat frequency
Gene Name:
TAS2R4
Uniprot ID:
Q9NYW5
Molecular weight:
33840.2
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor activity
Specific function:
Putative taste receptor. TAS1R1/TAS1R3 responds to the umami taste stimulus (the taste of monosodium glutamate). TAS1R2/TAS1R3 recognizes diverse natural and synthetic sweeteners. TAS1R3 is essential for the recognition and response to the disaccharide trehalose. Sequence differences within and between species can significantly influence the selectivity and specificity of taste responses
Gene Name:
TAS1R3
Uniprot ID:
Q7RTX0
Molecular weight:
93385.2
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor activity
Specific function:
Putative taste receptor. TAS1R2/TAS1R3 recognizes diverse natural and synthetic sweeteners
Gene Name:
TAS1R2
Uniprot ID:
Q8TE23
Molecular weight:
95182.5
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked. May play a role in sensing the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal content. The activity of this receptor may stimulate alpha gustducin, mediate PLC-beta-2 activation and lead to the gating of TRPM5
Gene Name:
TAS2R14
Uniprot ID:
Q9NYV8
Molecular weight:
36.0