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Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00436
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 5673
  • HMDBP04955
Name Sepiapterin reductase
Synonyms
  1. SPR
Gene Name SPR
Protein Type Enzyme
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific Function Catalyzes the final one or two reductions in tetra-hydrobiopterin biosynthesis to form 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin.
Pathways
  • Dopa-responsive dystonia
  • Folate biosynthesis
  • Hyperphenylalaniemia due to guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase deficiency
  • Hyperphenylalaninemia due to 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency (ptps)
  • Hyperphenylalaninemia due to dhpr-deficiency
  • Pterine Biosynthesis
  • Segawa syndrome
  • Sepiapterin reductase deficiency
Reactions
Dihydrobiopterin + NADP → Sepiapterin + NADPH details
Tetrahydrobiopterin + NADP → Dyspropterin + NADPH details
Tetrahydrobiopterin + NADP → 6-Lactoyltetrahydropterin + NADPH + Hydrogen Ion details
6-Lactoyltetrahydropterin + NADP → Dyspropterin + NADPH + Hydrogen Ion details
GO Classification
Biological Process
small molecule metabolic process
tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process
nitric oxide biosynthetic process
regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity
Cellular Component
cytosol
nucleus
Function
binding
catalytic activity
oxidoreductase activity, acting on the ch-oh group of donors, nad or nadp as acceptor
oxidoreductase activity, acting on ch-oh group of donors
oxidoreductase activity
sepiapterin reductase activity
Molecular Function
NADP binding
sepiapterin reductase activity
aldo-keto reductase (NADP) activity
Process
metabolic process
biosynthetic process
cellular biosynthetic process
heterocycle biosynthetic process
pteridine and derivative biosynthetic process
oxidation reduction
tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process
Cellular Location
  1. Cytoplasm
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 2
Locus 2p14-p12
SNPs SPR
Gene Sequence
>786 bp
ATGGAGGGCGGGCTGGGGCGTGCTGTGTGCTTGCTGACCGGGGCCTCCCGCGGCTTCGGC
CGGACGCTGGCCCCGCTCCTGGCCTCGCTGCTGTCGCCCGGCTCCGTGCTTGTCCTTAGC
GCCCGCAACGACGAGGCACTGCGCCAGCTGGAGGCCGAGCTGGGCGCCGAGCGGTCTGGC
CTGCGCGTGGTGCGGGTGCCCGCCGACCTGGGCGCCGAGGCCGGCTTGCAGCAGCTGCTC
GGCGCCCTGCGCGAGCTCCCCCGGCCCAAGGGGCTGCAGCGACTGCTGCTTATCAACAAC
GCGGGCTCTCTTGGGGATGTGTCCAAAGGCTTCGTGGACCTGAGTGACTCCACTCAAGTG
AACAACTACTGGGCACTGAACTTGACCTCCATGCTCTGCCTGACTTCCAGCGTCCTGAAG
GCCTTCCCGGACAGTCCTGGCCTCAACAGAACCGTGGTTAACATCTCGTCCCTCTGTGCC
CTGCAACCTTTCAAAGGCTGGGCGCTGTACTGTGCAGGAAAGGCTGCTCGTGATATGCTG
TTCCAGGTCCTGGCGCTGGAGGAACCTAATGTGAGGGTGCTGAACTATGCCCCAGGTCCT
CTGGACACAGACATGCAGCAGTTGGCCCGGGAGACCTCCGTGGACCCAGACATGCGAAAA
GGGCTGCAGGAGCTGAAGGCAAAGGGGAAGCTGGTGGATTGCAAGGTGTCAGCCCAGAAA
CTGCTGAGCTTACTGGAAAAGGACGAGTTCAAGTCTGGAGCCCACGTGGACTTCTATGAC
AAATAA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 261
Molecular Weight 28048.13
Theoretical pI 8.048
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Sepiapterin reductase
MEGGLGRAVCLLTGASRGFGRTLAPLLASLLSPGSVLVLSARNDEALRQLEAELGAERSG
LRVVRVPADLGAEAGLQQLLGALRELPRPKGLQRLLLINNAGSLGDVSKGFVDLSDSTQV
NNYWALNLTSMLCLTSSVLKAFPDSPGLNRTVVNISSLCALQPFKGWALYCAGKAARDML
FQVLALEEPNVRVLNYAPGPLDTDMQQLARETSVDPDMRKGLQELKAKGKLVDCKVSAQK
LLSLLEKDEFKSGAHVDFYDK
GenBank ID Protein 338021
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P35270
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SPRE_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID M76231
GeneCard ID SPR
GenAtlas ID SPR
HGNC ID HGNC:11257
References
General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed:14702039 ]
  2. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed:15815621 ]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  4. Ichinose H, Katoh S, Sueoka T, Titani K, Fujita K, Nagatsu T: Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding human sepiapterin reductase--an enzyme involved in tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Aug 30;179(1):183-9. [PubMed:1883349 ]
  5. Maier J, Schott K, Werner T, Bacher A, Ziegler I: Detection of a novel sepiapterin reductase mRNA: assay of mRNA in various cells and tissues of various species. Exp Cell Res. 1993 Feb;204(2):217-22. [PubMed:8440319 ]
  6. Ohye T, Hori TA, Katoh S, Nagatsu T, Ichinose H: Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the human sepiapterin reductase gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Oct 20;251(2):597-602. [PubMed:9792819 ]
  7. Fujimoto K, Takahashi SY, Katoh S: Mutational analysis of sites in sepiapterin reductase phosphorylated by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Jan 31;1594(1):191-8. [PubMed:11825621 ]
  8. Bonafe L, Thony B, Penzien JM, Czarnecki B, Blau N: Mutations in the sepiapterin reductase gene cause a novel tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent monoamine-neurotransmitter deficiency without hyperphenylalaninemia. Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Aug;69(2):269-77. Epub 2001 Jul 6. [PubMed:11443547 ]
  9. Abeling NG, Duran M, Bakker HD, Stroomer L, Thony B, Blau N, Booij J, Poll-The BT: Sepiapterin reductase deficiency an autosomal recessive DOPA-responsive dystonia. Mol Genet Metab. 2006 Sep-Oct;89(1-2):116-20. Epub 2006 May 2. [PubMed:16650784 ]
  10. Friedman J, Hyland K, Blau N, MacCollin M: Dopa-responsive hypersomnia and mixed movement disorder due to sepiapterin reductase deficiency. Neurology. 2006 Dec 12;67(11):2032-5. [PubMed:17159114 ]