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Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00516
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 5763
  • HMDBP03638
Name Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial
Synonyms
  1. BCAT(m)
  2. PP18
  3. Placental protein 18
Gene Name BCAT2
Protein Type Enzyme
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in catalytic activity
Specific Function Catalyzes the first reaction in the catabolism of the essential branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. May also function as a transporter of branched chain alpha-keto acids.
Pathways
  • 2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism
  • Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis
  • Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
  • Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation
Reactions
L-Leucine + Oxoglutaric acid → Ketoleucine + L-Glutamic acid details
L-Isoleucine + Oxoglutaric acid → 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid + L-Glutamic acid details
L-Valine + Oxoglutaric acid → alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid + L-Glutamic acid details
GO Classification
Biological Process
branched-chain amino acid catabolic process
cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
valine metabolic process
branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic process
isoleucine catabolic process
leucine biosynthetic process
regulation of hormone levels
lactation
Cellular Component
mitochondrial matrix
nucleus
Function
catalytic activity
branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase activity
transferase activity
transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups
transaminase activity
Molecular Function
branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase activity
L-isoleucine transaminase activity
L-leucine transaminase activity
L-valine transaminase activity
Process
metabolic process
cellular metabolic process
cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process
cellular amino acid metabolic process
branched chain family amino acid metabolic process
Cellular Location
  1. Isoform B:Cytoplasm
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 19
Locus 19q13
SNPs BCAT2
Gene Sequence
>1179 bp
ATGGCCGCAGCCGCTCTGGGGCAGATCTGGGCACGAAAGCTTCTCTCTGTCCCTTGGCTT
CTGTGTGGTCCCAGAAGATATGCCTCCTCCAGTTTCAAGGCTGCAGACCTGCAGCTGGAA
ATGACACAGAAGCCTCATAAGAAGCCTGGCCCCGGCGAGCCCCTGGTGTTTGGGAAGACA
TTTACCGACCACATGCTGATGGTGGAATGGAATGACAAGGGCTGGGGCCAGCCCCGAATC
CAGCCCTTCCAGAACCTCACGCTGCACCCAGCCTCCTCCAGCCTCCACTACTCCCTGCAG
CTGTTTGAGGGCATGAAGGCGTTCAAAGGCAAAGACCAGCAGGTGCGCCTCTTCCGCCCC
TGGCTCAACATGGACCGGATGCTGCGCTCAGCCATGCGCCTGTGCCTGCCGAGTTTCGAC
AAGCTGGAGTTGCTGGAGTGCATCCGCCGGCTCATCGAAGTGGACAAGGACTGGGTCCCC
GATGCCGCCGGCACCAGCCTCTATGTGCGGCCTGTGCTCATTGGGAACGAGCCCTCGCTG
GGTGTCAGCCAGCCCACGCGCGCGCTCCTGTTCGTCATTCTCTGCCCAGTGGGTGCCTAC
TTCCCTGGAGGCTCCGTGACCCCGGTCTCCCTCCTGGCCGACCCAGCCTTCATCCGGGCC
TGGGTGGGCGGGGTCGGCAACTACAAGTTAGGTGGGAATTATGGGCCCACCGTGTTAGTG
CAACAGGAGGCACTCAAGCGGGGCTGTGAACAGGTCCTCTGGCTGTATGGGCCCGACCAC
CAGCTCACCGAGGTGGGAACCATGAACATCTTTGTCTACTGGACCCACGAAGATGGGGTG
CTGGAGCTGGTGACGCCCCCGCTGAATGGTGTTATCCTGCCTGGAGTGGTCAGACAGAGT
CTACTGGACATGGCTCAGACCTGGGGTGAGTTCCGGGTGGTGGAGCGCACGATCACCATG
AAGCAGTTGCTGCGGGCCCTGGAGGAGGGCCGCGTGCGGGAAGTCTTTGGCTCGGGCACC
GCTTGCCAGGTCTGCCCAGTGCACCGAATCCTGTACAAAGACAGGAACCTCCACATTCCC
ACCATGGAAAATGGGCCTGAGCTGATCCTCCGCTTCCAGAAGGAGCTGAAGGAGATCCAG
TACGGAATCAGAGCCCACGAGTGGATGTTCCCGGTGTGA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 392
Molecular Weight 33776.315
Theoretical pI 7.72
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial
MAAAALGQIWARKLLSVPWLLCGPRRYASSSFKAADLQLEMTQKPHKKPGPGEPLVFGKT
FTDHMLMVEWNDKGWGQPRIQPFQNLTLHPASSSLHYSLQLFEGMKAFKGKDQQVRLFRP
WLNMDRMLRSAMRLCLPSFDKLELLECIRRLIEVDKDWVPDAAGTSLYVRPVLIGNEPSL
GVSQPTRALLFVILCPVGAYFPGGSVTPVSLLADPAFIRAWVGGVGNYKLGGNYGPTVLV
QQEALKRGCEQVLWLYGPDHQLTEVGTMNIFVYWTHEDGVLELVTPPLNGVILPGVVRQS
LLDMAQTWGEFRVVERTITMKQLLRALEEGRVREVFGSGTACQVCPVHRILYKDRNLHIP
TMENGPELILRFQKELKEIQYGIRAHEWMFPV
GenBank ID Protein 13699234
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O15382
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name BCAT2_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID AF268047
GeneCard ID BCAT2
GenAtlas ID BCAT2
HGNC ID HGNC:977
References
General References
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  3. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1175371. Epub 2009 Jul 16. [PubMed:19608861 ]
  4. Goto M, Miyahara I, Hirotsu K, Conway M, Yennawar N, Islam MM, Hutson SM: Structural determinants for branched-chain aminotransferase isozyme-specific inhibition by the anticonvulsant drug gabapentin. J Biol Chem. 2005 Nov 4;280(44):37246-56. Epub 2005 Sep 1. [PubMed:16141215 ]
  5. Bledsoe RK, Dawson PA, Hutson SM: Cloning of the rat and human mitochondrial branched chain aminotransferases (BCATm). Biochim Biophys Acta. 1997 Apr 25;1339(1):9-13. [PubMed:9165094 ]
  6. Than NG, Sumegi B, Than GN, Bellyei S, Bohn H: Molecular cloning and characterization of placental tissue protein 18 (PP18a)/human mitochondrial branched-chain aminotransferase (BCATm) and its novel alternatively spliced PP18b variant. Placenta. 2001 Feb-Mar;22(2-3):235-43. [PubMed:11170829 ]
  7. Eden A, Simchen G, Benvenisty N: Two yeast homologs of ECA39, a target for c-Myc regulation, code for cytosolic and mitochondrial branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases. J Biol Chem. 1996 Aug 23;271(34):20242-5. [PubMed:8702755 ]
  8. Yennawar N, Dunbar J, Conway M, Hutson S, Farber G: The structure of human mitochondrial branched-chain aminotransferase. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2001 Apr;57(Pt 4):506-15. [PubMed:11264579 ]
  9. Yennawar NH, Conway ME, Yennawar HP, Farber GK, Hutson SM: Crystal structures of human mitochondrial branched chain aminotransferase reaction intermediates: ketimine and pyridoxamine phosphate forms. Biochemistry. 2002 Oct 1;41(39):11592-601. [PubMed:12269802 ]
  10. Yennawar NH, Islam MM, Conway M, Wallin R, Hutson SM: Human mitochondrial branched chain aminotransferase isozyme: structural role of the CXXC center in catalysis. J Biol Chem. 2006 Dec 22;281(51):39660-71. Epub 2006 Oct 18. [PubMed:17050531 ]