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Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00523
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 5771
Name Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase
Synonyms
  1. 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase
  2. 2-acetyl-1-alkylglycerophosphocholine esterase
  3. Group-VIIA phospholipase A2
  4. LDL-PLA(2)
  5. LDL-associated phospholipase A2
  6. PAF 2-acylhydrolase
  7. PAF acetylhydrolase
  8. gVIIA-PLA2
Gene Name PLA2G7
Protein Type Enzyme
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase activity
Specific Function Modulates the action of platelet-activating factor (PAF) by hydrolyzing the sn-2 ester bond to yield the biologically inactive lyso-PAF. Has a specificity for substrates with a short residue at the sn-2 position. It is inactive against long-chain phospholipids.
Pathways
  • Ether lipid metabolism
Reactions
1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + Water → 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + Acetic acid details
2-Acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + Water → 1-Organyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + Acetic acid details
GO Classification
Biological Process
positive regulation of inflammatory response
lipid catabolic process
low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
lipid oxidation
plasma lipoprotein particle oxidation
positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis
Cellular Component
low-density lipoprotein particle
Function
1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase activity
hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
catalytic activity
hydrolase activity
carboxylesterase activity
Molecular Function
phospholipid binding
calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity
1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase activity
Process
metabolic process
primary metabolic process
lipid metabolic process
lipid catabolic process
Cellular Location
  1. Secreted
  2. extracellular space
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 6
Locus 6p21.2-p12
SNPs PLA2G7
Gene Sequence
>1326 bp
ATGGTGCCACCCAAATTGCATGTGCTTTTCTGCCTCTGCGGCTGCCTGGCTGTGGTTTAT
CCTTTTGACTGGCAATACATAAATCCTGTTGCCCATATGAAATCATCAGCATGGGTCAAC
AAAATACAAGTACTGATGGCTGCTGCAAGCTTTGGCCAAACTAAAATCCCCCGGGGAAAT
GGGCCTTATTCCGTTGGTTGTACAGACTTAATGTTTGATCACACTAATAAGGGCACCTTC
TTGCGTTTATATTATCCATCCCAAGATAATGATCGCCTTGACACCCTTTGGATCCCAAAT
AAAGAATATTTTTGGGGTCTTAGCAAATTTCTTGGAACACACTGGCTTATGGGCAACATT
TTGAGGTTACTCTTTGGTTCAATGACAACTCCTGCAAACTGGAATTCCCCTCTGAGGCCT
GGTGAAAAATATCCACTTGTTGTTTTTTCTCATGGTCTTGGGGCATTCAGGACACTTTAT
TCTGCTATTGGCATTGACCTGGCATCTCATGGGTTTATAGTTGCTGCTGTAGAACACAGA
GATAGATCTGCATCTGCAACTTACTATTTCAAGGACCAATCTGCTGCAGAAATAGGGGAC
AAGTCTTGGCTCTACCTTAGAACCCTGAAACAAGAGGAGGAGACACATATACGAAATGAG
CAGGTACGGCAAAGAGCAAAAGAATGTTCCCAAGCTCTCAGTCTGATTCTTGACATTGAT
CATGGAAAGCCAGTGAAGAATGCATTAGATTTAAAGTTTGATATGGAACAACTGAAGGAC
TCTATTGATAGGGAAAAAATAGCAGTAATTGGACATTCTTTTGGTGGAGCAACGGTTATT
CAGACTCTTAGTGAAGATCAGAGATTCAGATGTGGTATTGCCCTGGATGCATGGATGTTT
CCACTGGGTGATGAAGTATATTCCAGAATTCCTCAGCCCCTCTTTTTTATCAACTCTGAA
TATTTCCAATATCCTGCTAATATCATAAAAATGAAAAAATGCTACTCACCTGATAAAGAA
AGAAAGATGATTACAATCAGGGGTTCAGTCCACCAGAATTTTGCTGACTTCACTTTTGCA
ACTGGCAAAATAATTGGACACATGCTCAAATTAAAGGGAGACATAGATTCAAATGTAGCT
ATTGATCTTAGCAACAAAGCTTCATTAGCATTCTTACAAAAGCATTTAGGACTTCATAAA
GATTTTGATCAGTGGGACTGCTTGATTGAAGGAGATGATGAGAATCTTATTCCAGGGACC
AACATTAACACAACCAATCAACACATCATGTTACAGAACTCTTCAGGAATAGAGAAATAC
AATTAG
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 441
Molecular Weight 50076.99
Theoretical pI 7.556
Pfam Domain Function Not Available
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase
MVPPKLHVLFCLCGCLAVVYPFDWQYINPVAHMKSSAWVNKIQVLMAAASFGQTKIPRGN
GPYSVGCTDLMFDHTNKGTFLRLYYPSQDNDRLDTLWIPNKEYFWGLSKFLGTHWLMGNI
LRLLFGSMTTPANWNSPLRPGEKYPLVVFSHGLGAFRTLYSAIGIDLASHGFIVAAVEHR
DRSASATYYFKDQSAAEIGDKSWLYLRTLKQEEETHIRNEQVRQRAKECSQALSLILDID
HGKPVKNALDLKFDMEQLKDSIDREKIAVIGHSFGGATVIQTLSEDQRFRCGIALDAWMF
PLGDEVYSRIPQPLFFINSEYFQYPANIIKMKKCYSPDKERKMITIRGSVHQNFADFTFA
TGKIIGHMLKLKGDIDSNVAIDLSNKASLAFLQKHLGLHKDFDQWDCLIEGDDENLIPGT
NINTTNQHIMLQNSSGIEKYN
GenBank ID Protein Not Available
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q13093
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name PAFA_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID U20157
GeneCard ID PLA2G7
GenAtlas ID PLA2G7
HGNC ID HGNC:9040
References
General References
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  3. Tjoelker LW, Wilder C, Eberhardt C, Stafforini DM, Dietsch G, Schimpf B, Hooper S, Le Trong H, Cousens LS, Zimmerman GA, Yamada Y, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Gray PW: Anti-inflammatory properties of a platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase. Nature. 1995 Apr 6;374(6522):549-53. [PubMed:7700381 ]
  4. Tew DG, Southan C, Rice SQ, Lawrence MP, Li H, Boyd HF, Moores K, Gloger IS, Macphee CH: Purification, properties, sequencing, and cloning of a lipoprotein-associated, serine-dependent phospholipase involved in the oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1996 Apr;16(4):591-9. [PubMed:8624782 ]
  5. Tjoelker LW, Eberhardt C, Unger J, Trong HL, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Stafforini DM, Prescott SM, Gray PW: Plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is a secreted phospholipase A2 with a catalytic triad. J Biol Chem. 1995 Oct 27;270(43):25481-7. [PubMed:7592717 ]
  6. Samanta U, Bahnson BJ: Crystal structure of human plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase: structural implication to lipoprotein binding and catalysis. J Biol Chem. 2008 Nov 14;283(46):31617-24. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M804750200. Epub 2008 Sep 10. [PubMed:18784071 ]
  7. Samanta U, Kirby SD, Srinivasan P, Cerasoli DM, Bahnson BJ: Crystal structures of human group-VIIA phospholipase A2 inhibited by organophosphorus nerve agents exhibit non-aged complexes. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Aug 15;78(4):420-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.04.018. Epub 2009 Apr 24. [PubMed:19394314 ]
  8. Stafforini DM, Satoh K, Atkinson DL, Tjoelker LW, Eberhardt C, Yoshida H, Imaizumi T, Takamatsu S, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Gray PW, Prescott SM: Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase deficiency. A missense mutation near the active site of an anti-inflammatory phospholipase. J Clin Invest. 1996 Jun 15;97(12):2784-91. [PubMed:8675689 ]
  9. Yamada Y, Yokota M: Loss of activity of plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase due to a novel Gln281-->Arg mutation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Jul 30;236(3):772-5. [PubMed:9245731 ]
  10. Hiramoto M, Yoshida H, Imaizumi T, Yoshimizu N, Satoh K: A mutation in plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (Val279-->Phe) is a genetic risk factor for stroke. Stroke. 1997 Dec;28(12):2417-20. [PubMed:9412624 ]
  11. Yamada Y, Ichihara S, Fujimura T, Yokota M: Identification of the G994--> T missense in exon 9 of the plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase gene as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in Japanese men. Metabolism. 1998 Feb;47(2):177-81. [PubMed:9472966 ]
  12. Yoshida H, Imaizumi T, Fujimoto K, Itaya H, Hiramoto M, Yoshimizu N, Fukushi K, Satoh K: A mutation in plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (Val279Phe) is a genetic risk factor for cerebral hemorrhage but not for hypertension. Thromb Haemost. 1998 Sep;80(3):372-5. [PubMed:9759612 ]
  13. Kruse S, Mao XQ, Heinzmann A, Blattmann S, Roberts MH, Braun S, Gao PS, Forster J, Kuehr J, Hopkin JM, Shirakawa T, Deichmann KA: The Ile198Thr and Ala379Val variants of plasmatic PAF-acetylhydrolase impair catalytical activities and are associated with atopy and asthma. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 May;66(5):1522-30. Epub 2000 Mar 24. [PubMed:10733466 ]