Hmdb loader
Survey
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP01702
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 7040
Name Exostosin-2
Synonyms
  1. Glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan/N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
  2. Multiple exostoses protein 2
  3. Putative tumor suppressor protein EXT2
Gene Name EXT2
Protein Type Enzyme
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Specific Function Glycosyltransferase required for the biosynthesis of heparan-sulfate. The EXT1/EXT2 complex possesses substantially higher glycosyltransferase activity than EXT1 or EXT2 alone. Appears to be a tumor suppressor.
Pathways
  • Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - heparan sulfate / heparin
  • protein glycosylation
Reactions
Uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-proteoglycan → Uridine 5'-diphosphate + N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-proteoglycan details
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid + N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-proteoglycan → Uridine 5'-diphosphate + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-proteoglycan details
UDP-D-glucuronate + → UDP + details
+ UDP-D-glucuronate → + UDP details
+ UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine → + UDP details
GO Classification
Biological Process
signal transduction
glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process
protein glycosylation
heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process, polysaccharide chain biosynthetic process
mesoderm formation
cell differentiation
ossification
Cellular Component
endoplasmic reticulum membrane
intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane
integral to membrane
Golgi membrane
Component
membrane
cell part
membrane part
intrinsic to membrane
intrinsic to organelle membrane
intrinsic to endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Function
catalytic activity
transferase activity
transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
transferase activity, transferring glycosyl groups
Molecular Function
glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity
heparan sulfate N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity
N-acetylglucosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity
Cellular Location
  1. Golgi apparatus membrane
  2. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
  3. Single-pass type II membrane protein
  4. Single-pass type II membrane protein
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 11
Locus 11p12-p11
SNPs EXT2
Gene Sequence
>2157 bp
ATGTGTGCGTCGGTCAAGTATAATATCCGGGGTCCTGCCCTCATCCCAAGAATGAAGACC
AAGCACCGAATCTACTATATCACCCTCTTCTCCATTGTCCTCCTGGGCCTCATTGCCACT
GGCATGTTTCAGTTTTGGCCCCATTCTATCGAGTCCTCAAATGACTGGAATGTAGAGAAG
CGCAGCATCCGTGATGTGCCGGTTGTTAGGCTGCCAGCCGACAGTCCCATCCCAGAGCGG
GGGGATCTCAGTTGCAGAATGCACACGTGTTTTGATGTCTATCGCTGTGGCTTCAACCCA
AAGAACAAAATCAAGGTGTATATCTATGCTCTGAAAAAGTACGTGGATGACTTTGGCGTC
TCTGTCAGCAACACCATCTCCCGGGAGTATAATGAACTGCTCATGGCCATCTCAGACAGT
GACTACTACACTGATGACATCAACCGGGCCTGTCTGTTTGTTCCCTCCATCGATGTGCTT
AACCAGAACACACTGCGCATCAAGGAGACAGCACAAGCGATGGCCCAGCTCTCTAGGTGG
GATCGAGGTACGAATCACCTGTTGTTCAACATGTTGCCTGGAGGTCCCCCAGATTATAAC
ACAGCCCTGGATGTCCCCAGAGACAGGGCCCTGTTGGCTGGTGGCGGCTTTTCTACGTGG
ACTTACCGGCAAGGCTACGATGTCAGCATTCCTGTCTATAGTCCACTGTCAGCTGAGGTG
GATCTTCCAGAGAAAGGACCAGGTCCACGGCAATACTTCCTCCTGTCATCTCAGGTGGGT
CTCCATCCTGAGTACAGAGAGGACCTAGAAGCCCTCCAGGTCAAACATGGAGAGTCAGTG
TTAGTACTCGATAAATGCACCAACCTCTCAGAGGGTGTCCTTTCTGTCCGTAAGCGCTGC
CACAAGCACCAGGTCTTCGATTACCCACAGGTGCTACAGGAGGCTACTTTCTGTGTGGTT
CTTCGTGGAGCTCGGCTGGGCCAGGCAGTATTGAGCGATGTGTTACAAGCTGGCTGTGTC
CCGGTTGTCATTGCAGACTCCTATATTTTGCCTTTCTCTGAAGTTCTTGACTGGAAGAGA
GCATCTGTGGTTGTACCAGAAGAAAAGATGTCAGATGTGTACAGTATTTTGCAGAGCATC
CCCCAAAGACAGATTGAAGAAATGCAGAGACAGGCCCGGTGGTTCTGGGAAGCGTACTTC
CAGTCAATTAAAGCCATTGCCCTGGCCACCCTGCAGATTATCAATGACCGGATCTATCCA
TATGCTGCCATCTCCTATGAAGAATGGAATGACCCTCCTGCTGTGAAGTGGGGCAGCGTG
AGCAATCCACTCTTCCTCCCGCTGATCCCACCACAGTCTCAAGGGTTCACCGCCATAGTC
CTCACCTACGACCGAGTAGAGAGCCTCTTCCGGGTCATCACTGAAGTGTCCAAGGTGCCC
AGTCTATCCAAACTACTTGTCGTCTGGAATAATCAGAATAAAAACCCTCCAGAAGATTCT
CTCTGGCCCAAAATCCGGGTTCCATTAAAAGTTGTGAGGACTGCTGAAAACAAGTTAAGT
AACCGTTTCTTCCCTTATGATGAAATCGAGACAGAAGCTGTTCTGGCCATTGATGATGAT
ATCATTATGCTGACCTCTGACGAGCTGCAATTTGGTTATGAGGTCTGGCGGGAATTTCCT
GACCGGTTGGTGGGTTACCCGGGTCGTCTGCATCTCTGGGACCATGAGATGAATAAGTGG
AAGTATGAGTCTGAGTGGACGAATGAAGTGTCCATGGTGCTCACTGGGGCAGCTTTTTAT
CACAAGTATTTTAATTACCTGTATACCTACAAAATGCCTGGGGATATCAAGAACTGGGTA
GATGCTCATATGAACTGTGAAGATATTGCCATGAACTTCCTGGTGGCCAACGTCACGGGA
AAAGCAGTTATCAAGGTAACCCCACGAAAGAAATTCAAGTGTCCTGAGTGCACAGCCATA
GATGGGCTTTCACTAGACCAAACACACATGGTGGAGAGGTCAGAGTGCATCAACAAGTTT
GCTTCAGTCTTCGGGACCATGCCTCTCAAGGTGGTGGAACACCGAGCTGACCCTGTCCTG
TACAAAGATGACTTTCCTGAGAAGCTGAAGAGCTTCCCCAACATTGGCAGCTTATGA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 718
Molecular Weight 83569.135
Theoretical pI 6.409
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Exostosin-2
MCASVKYNIRGPALIPRMKTKHRIYYITLFSIVLLGLIATGMFQFWPHSIESSNDWNVEK
RSIRDVPVVRLPADSPIPERGDLSCRMHTCFDVYRCGFNPKNKIKVYIYALKKYVDDFGV
SVSNTISREYNELLMAISDSDYYTDDINRACLFVPSIDVLNQNTLRIKETAQAMAQLSRW
DRGTNHLLFNMLPGGPPDYNTALDVPRDRALLAGGGFSTWTYRQGYDVSIPVYSPLSAEV
DLPEKGPGPRQYFLLSSQVGLHPEYREDLEALQVKHGESVLVLDKCTNLSEGVLSVRKRC
HKHQVFDYPQVLQEATFCVVLRGARLGQAVLSDVLQAGCVPVVIADSYILPFSEVLDWKR
ASVVVPEEKMSDVYSILQSIPQRQIEEMQRQARWFWEAYFQSIKAIALATLQIINDRIYP
YAAISYEEWNDPPAVKWGSVSNPLFLPLIPPQSQGFTAIVLTYDRVESLFRVITEVSKVP
SLSKLLVVWNNQNKNPPEDSLWPKIRVPLKVVRTAENKLSNRFFPYDEIETEAVLAIDDD
IIMLTSDELQFGYEVWREFPDRLVGYPGRLHLWDHEMNKWKYESEWTNEVSMVLTGAAFY
HKYFNYLYTYKMPGDIKNWVDAHMNCEDIAMNFLVANVTGKAVIKVTPRKKFKCPECTAI
DGLSLDQTHMVERSECINKFASVFGTMPLKVVEHRADPVLYKDDFPEKLKSFPNIGSL
GenBank ID Protein 189065454
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q93063
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name EXT2_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID AK312375
GeneCard ID EXT2
GenAtlas ID EXT2
HGNC ID HGNC:3513
References
General References
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  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  3. Simmons AD, Musy MM, Lopes CS, Hwang LY, Yang YP, Lovett M: A direct interaction between EXT proteins and glycosyltransferases is defective in hereditary multiple exostoses. Hum Mol Genet. 1999 Nov;8(12):2155-64. [PubMed:10545594 ]
  4. Kobayashi S, Morimoto K, Shimizu T, Takahashi M, Kurosawa H, Shirasawa T: Association of EXT1 and EXT2, hereditary multiple exostoses gene products, in Golgi apparatus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Feb 24;268(3):860-7. [PubMed:10679296 ]
  5. Wuyts W, Van Hul W: Molecular basis of multiple exostoses: mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes. Hum Mutat. 2000;15(3):220-7. [PubMed:10679937 ]
  6. Philippe C, Porter DE, Emerton ME, Wells DE, Simpson AH, Monaco AP: Mutation screening of the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in patients with hereditary multiple exostoses. Am J Hum Genet. 1997 Sep;61(3):520-8. [PubMed:9326317 ]
  7. Xu L, Xia J, Jiang H, Zhou J, Li H, Wang D, Pan Q, Long Z, Fan C, Deng HX: Mutation analysis of hereditary multiple exostoses in the Chinese. Hum Genet. 1999 Jul-Aug;105(1-2):45-50. [PubMed:10480354 ]
  8. Bernard MA, Hall CE, Hogue DA, Cole WG, Scott A, Snuggs MB, Clines GA, Ludecke HJ, Lovett M, Van Winkle WB, Hecht JT: Diminished levels of the putative tumor suppressor proteins EXT1 and EXT2 in exostosis chondrocytes. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton. 2001 Feb;48(2):149-62. [PubMed:11169766 ]
  9. Stickens D, Clines G, Burbee D, Ramos P, Thomas S, Hogue D, Hecht JT, Lovett M, Evans GA: The EXT2 multiple exostoses gene defines a family of putative tumour suppressor genes. Nat Genet. 1996 Sep;14(1):25-32. [PubMed:8782816 ]
  10. Wuyts W, Van Hul W, Wauters J, Nemtsova M, Reyniers E, Van Hul EV, De Boulle K, de Vries BB, Hendrickx J, Herrygers I, Bossuyt P, Balemans W, Fransen E, Vits L, Coucke P, Nowak NJ, Shows TB, Mallet L, van den Ouweland AM, McGaughran J, Halley DJ, Willems PJ: Positional cloning of a gene involved in hereditary multiple exostoses. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Oct;5(10):1547-57. [PubMed:8894688 ]
  11. Clines GA, Ashley JA, Shah S, Lovett M: The structure of the human multiple exostoses 2 gene and characterization of homologs in mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans. Genome Res. 1997 Apr;7(4):359-67. [PubMed:9110175 ]
  12. Park KJ, Shin KH, Ku JL, Cho TJ, Lee SH, Choi IH, Phillipe C, Monaco AP, Porter DE, Park JG: Germline mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in Korean patients with hereditary multiple exostoses. J Hum Genet. 1999;44(4):230-4. [PubMed:10429361 ]
  13. Shi YR, Wu JY, Tsai FJ, Lee CC, Tsai CH: An R223P mutation in EXT2 gene causes hereditary multiple exostoses. Hum Mutat. 2000 Apr;15(4):390-1. [PubMed:10738008 ]
  14. Seki H, Kubota T, Ikegawa S, Haga N, Fujioka F, Ohzeki S, Wakui K, Yoshikawa H, Takaoka K, Fukushima Y: Mutation frequencies of EXT1 and EXT2 in 43 Japanese families with hereditary multiple exostoses. Am J Med Genet. 2001 Feb 15;99(1):59-62. [PubMed:11170095 ]
  15. Gigante M, Matera MG, Seripa D, Izzo AM, Venanzi R, Giannotti A, Digilio MC, Gravina C, Lazzari M, Monteleone G, Monteleone M, Dallapiccola B, Fazio VM: Ext-mutation analysis in Italian sporadic and hereditary osteochondromas. Int J Cancer. 2001 Nov 20;95(6):378-83. [PubMed:11668521 ]
  16. Francannet C, Cohen-Tanugi A, Le Merrer M, Munnich A, Bonaventure J, Legeai-Mallet L: Genotype-phenotype correlation in hereditary multiple exostoses. J Med Genet. 2001 Jul;38(7):430-4. [PubMed:11432960 ]