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Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP07277
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 12896
  • HMDBP09436
Name Aldose 1-epimerase
Synonyms
  1. Galactose mutarotase
  2. SubName: Putative uncharacterized protein LOC130589
  3. SubName: cDNA FLJ75695, highly similar to Homo sapiens galactose mutarotase (aldose 1-epimerase) (GALM), mRNA
Gene Name GALM
Protein Type Enzyme
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in isomerase activity
Specific Function Mutarotase converts alpha-aldose to the beta-anomer. It is active on D-glucose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-galactose, maltose and lactose (By similarity).
Pathways
  • Fanconi-bickel syndrome
  • Fructose-1,6-diphosphatase deficiency
  • Gluconeogenesis
  • Glycogen Storage Disease Type 1A (GSD1A) or Von Gierke Disease
  • Glycogenosis, Type IA. Von gierke disease
  • Glycogenosis, Type IB
  • Glycogenosis, Type IC
  • Glycogenosis, Type VII. Tarui disease
  • Glycolysis
  • Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
  • hexose metabolism
  • Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1 (PEPCK1)
  • Triosephosphate isomerase
Reactions
alpha-D-Glucose → D-Glucose details
GO Classification
Biological Process
hexose metabolic process
Cellular Component
cytoplasm
Function
binding
catalytic activity
isomerase activity
carbohydrate binding
Molecular Function
carbohydrate binding
aldose 1-epimerase activity
Process
metabolic process
primary metabolic process
carbohydrate metabolic process
small molecule metabolic process
alcohol metabolic process
monosaccharide metabolic process
hexose metabolic process
Cellular Location
  1. Cytoplasm (Probable)
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 2
Locus 2p22.1
SNPs GALM
Gene Sequence
>1029 bp
ATGGCTTCGGTGACCAGGGCCGTGTTTGGAGAGCTGCCCTCGGGAGGAGGGACAGTGGAG
AAGTTCCAGCTGCAGTCAGACCTCTTGAGAGTGGACATCATCTCCTGGGGCTGCACGATC
ACAGCCCTAGAGGTCAAAGACAGGCAGGGGAGAGCCTCGGACGTGGTGCTTGGCTTCGCC
GAGTTGGAAGGATACCTCCAAAAGCAGCCATACTTTGGAGCAGTTATTGGGAGGGTGGCC
AACCGAATCGCCAAAGGAACCTTCAAGGTGGATGGGAAGGAGTATCACCTGGCCATTAAC
AAGGAACCCAACAGTCTGCATGGAGGAGTCAGAGGGTTTGATAAAGTGCTCTGGACCCCT
CGGGTGCTGTCAAATGGCGTCCAGTTCTCGCGCATCAGTCCAGATGGTGAAGAAGGCTAC
CCCGGAGAGTTAAAAGTCTGGGTGACATACACCCTGGATGGCGGAGAGCTCATAGTCAAC
TACAGAGCACAAGCCAGTCAGGCCACACCAGTCAACCTGACCAACCATTCTTACTTCAAC
CTGGCAGGCCAGGCTTCCCCAAATATAAATGACCATGAAGTCACCATAGAAGCGGATACT
TATTTGCCTGTGGATGAAACCCTGATTCCTACAGGAGAAGTTGCCCCAGTGCAAGGCACT
GCATTCGACCTGAGAAAGCCAGTGGAGCTTGGAAAACACCTGCAGGACTTCCATCTCAAT
GGTTTTGACCACAATTTCTGTCTGAAGGGATCTAAAGAAAAGCATTTTTGTGCAAGGGTG
CATCATGCTGCAAGCGGGCGGGTACTAGAAGTATACACCACCCAGCCCGGGGTCCAGTTT
TACACGGGCAACTTCCTGGATGGCACATTAAAGGGCAAGAATGGAGCTGTCTATCCCAAG
CACTCCGGTTTCTGCCTGGAGACTCAGAACTGGCCTGATGCAGTCAATCAGCCCCGCTTC
CCTCCTGTGCTGCTGAGGCCTGGTGAGGAGTATGACCACACCACCTGGTTCAAGTTTTCT
GTGGCTTAA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 342
Molecular Weight 37765.365
Theoretical pI 6.66
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Aldose 1-epimerase
MASVTRAVFGELPSGGGTVEKFQLQSDLLRVDIISWGCTITALEVKDRQGRASDVVLGFA
ELEGYLQKQPYFGAVIGRVANRIAKGTFKVDGKEYHLAINKEPNSLHGGVRGFDKVLWTP
RVLSNGVQFSRISPDGEEGYPGELKVWVTYTLDGGELIVNYRAQASQATPVNLTNHSYFN
LAGQASPNINDHEVTIEADTYLPVDETLIPTGEVAPVQGTAFDLRKPVELGKHLQDFHLN
GFDHNFCLKGSKEKHFCARVHHAASGRVLEVYTTQPGVQFYTGNFLDGTLKGKNGAVYPK
HSGFCLETQNWPDAVNQPRFPPVLLRPGEEYDHTTWFKFSVA
GenBank ID Protein 20530222
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q96C23
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name GALM_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID AY064382
GeneCard ID GALM
GenAtlas ID GALM
HGNC ID HGNC:24063
References
General References
  1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  2. Gauci S, Helbig AO, Slijper M, Krijgsveld J, Heck AJ, Mohammed S: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. Anal Chem. 2009 Jun 1;81(11):4493-501. doi: 10.1021/ac9004309. [PubMed:19413330 ]
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  4. Timson DJ, Reece RJ: Identification and characterisation of human aldose 1-epimerase. FEBS Lett. 2003 May 22;543(1-3):21-4. [PubMed:12753898 ]
  5. Thoden JB, Timson DJ, Reece RJ, Holden HM: Molecular structure of human galactose mutarotase. J Biol Chem. 2004 May 28;279(22):23431-7. Epub 2004 Mar 16. [PubMed:15026423 ]