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Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP12759
Secondary Accession Numbers None
Name Pro-opiomelanocortin
Synonyms
  1. POMC
  2. Corticotropin-lipotropin
Gene Name POMC
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Not Available
Specific Function Stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol.Anorexigenic peptide. Increases the pigmentation of skin by increasing melanin production in melanocytes.Increases the pigmentation of skin by increasing melanin production in melanocytes.Endogenous orexigenic opiate.Endogenous opiate.
Pathways
  • Adipocytokine signaling pathway
  • Aldosterone synthesis and secretion
  • cAMP signaling pathway
  • Cortisol synthesis and secretion
  • Cushing syndrome
  • Estrogen signaling pathway
  • Melanogenesis
  • Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
Reactions Not Available
GO Classification
Biological Process
signal transduction
cell-cell signaling
negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
neuropeptide signaling pathway
generation of precursor metabolites and energy
glucose homeostasis
antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide
positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
regulation of blood pressure
killing of cells of other organism
regulation of corticosterone secretion
cellular pigmentation
modulation of process of other organism
positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus
regulation of appetite
regulation of glycogen metabolic process
Cellular Component
cytoplasm
secretory granule
peroxisomal matrix
extracellular region
extracellular space
secretory granule lumen
Molecular Function
G protein-coupled receptor binding
receptor binding
hormone activity
type 1 melanocortin receptor binding
type 3 melanocortin receptor binding
type 4 melanocortin receptor binding
Cellular Location Not Available
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location Not Available
Locus Not Available
SNPs Not Available
Gene Sequence Not Available
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 267
Molecular Weight 29423.72
Theoretical pI 7.65
Pfam Domain Function
Signals
  • 1-26;
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence Not Available
GenBank ID Protein Not Available
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P01189
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name COLI_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID Not Available
GeneCard ID Not Available
GenAtlas ID Not Available
HGNC ID Not Available
References
General References
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  3. Zhang Z, Henzel WJ: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites. Protein Sci. 2004 Oct;13(10):2819-24. Epub 2004 Aug 31. [PubMed:15340161 ]
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  5. Takahashi H, Teranishi Y, Nakanishi S, Numa S: Isolation and structural organization of the human corticotropin--beta-lipotropin precursor gene. FEBS Lett. 1981 Nov 30;135(1):97-102. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(81)80952-0. [PubMed:6274691 ]
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  7. Takahashi H, Hakamata Y, Watanabe Y, Kikuno R, Miyata T, Numa S: Complete nucleotide sequence of the human corticotropin-beta-lipotropin precursor gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Oct 11;11(19):6847-58. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.19.6847. [PubMed:6314261 ]
  8. Golovin SIa, Karginov VA, Bondar' AA, Beklemishev AB, Chekhranova MK: [Synthesis, cloning and primary structure of DNA complementary to mRNA for human pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin]. Bioorg Khim. 1987 Apr;13(4):562-4. [PubMed:3606677 ]
  9. Chang AC, Cochet M, Cohen SN: Structural organization of human genomic DNA encoding the pro-opiomelanocortin peptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Aug;77(8):4890-4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.8.4890. [PubMed:6254047 ]
  10. Seidah NG, Chretien M: Complete amino acid sequence of a human pituitary glycopeptide: an important maturation product of pro-opiomelanocortin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jul;78(7):4236-40. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.7.4236. [PubMed:6945581 ]
  11. Seidah NG, Rochemont J, Hamelin J, Lis M, Chretien M: Primary structure of the major human pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin NH2-terminal glycopeptide. Evidence for an aldosterone-stimulating activity. J Biol Chem. 1981 Aug 10;256(15):7977-84. [PubMed:6267033 ]
  12. Seidah NG, Rochemont J, Hamelin J, Benjannet S, Chretien M: The missing fragment of the pro-sequence of human pro-opiomelanocortin: sequence and evidence for C-terminal amidation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1981 Sep 30;102(2):710-6. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(81)80190-8. [PubMed:6272808 ]
  13. Bennett HP, Lowry PJ, McMartin C: Confirmation of the 1-20 amino acid sequence of human adrenocorticotrophin. Biochem J. 1973 May;133(1):11-3. doi: 10.1042/bj1330011. [PubMed:4352834 ]
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  21. Fenger M, Johnsen AH: Alpha-amidated peptides derived from pro-opiomelanocortin in normal human pituitary. Biochem J. 1988 Mar 15;250(3):781-8. doi: 10.1042/bj2500781. [PubMed:2839146 ]
  22. Morris JC, Savva D, Lowry PJ: Reduced expression of a naturally deleted form of human proopiomelanocortin complementary deoxyribonucleic acid after transfection into Chinese hamster ovary cells. Endocrinology. 1995 Jan;136(1):195-201. doi: 10.1210/endo.136.1.7828531. [PubMed:7828531 ]
  23. Krude H, Biebermann H, Luck W, Horn R, Brabant G, Gruters A: Severe early-onset obesity, adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans. Nat Genet. 1998 Jun;19(2):155-7. doi: 10.1038/509. [PubMed:9620771 ]
  24. Baker M, Gaukrodger N, Mayosi BM, Imrie H, Farrall M, Watkins H, Connell JM, Avery PJ, Keavney B: Association between common polymorphisms of the proopiomelanocortin gene and body fat distribution: a family study. Diabetes. 2005 Aug;54(8):2492-6. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.54.8.2492. [PubMed:16046320 ]
  25. Hinney A, Becker I, Heibult O, Nottebom K, Schmidt A, Ziegler A, Mayer H, Siegfried W, Blum WF, Remschmidt H, Hebebrand J: Systematic mutation screening of the pro-opiomelanocortin gene: identification of several genetic variants including three different insertions, one nonsense and two missense point mutations in probands of different weight extremes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Oct;83(10):3737-41. doi: 10.1210/jcem.83.10.5298. [PubMed:9768693 ]
  26. Echwald SM, Sorensen TI, Andersen T, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Clausen JO, Pedersen O: Mutational analysis of the proopiomelanocortin gene in Caucasians with early onset obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999 Mar;23(3):293-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800814. [PubMed:10193875 ]
  27. Challis BG, Pritchard LE, Creemers JW, Delplanque J, Keogh JM, Luan J, Wareham NJ, Yeo GS, Bhattacharyya S, Froguel P, White A, Farooqi IS, O'Rahilly S: A missense mutation disrupting a dibasic prohormone processing site in pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) increases susceptibility to early-onset obesity through a novel molecular mechanism. Hum Mol Genet. 2002 Aug 15;11(17):1997-2004. doi: 10.1093/hmg/11.17.1997. [PubMed:12165561 ]