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Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP13737
Secondary Accession Numbers None
Name Antileukoproteinase
Synonyms
  1. ALP
  2. BLPI
  3. HUSI-1
  4. Mucus proteinase inhibitor
  5. Protease inhibitor WAP4
  6. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor
  7. Seminal proteinase inhibitor
  8. WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 4
  9. MPI
Gene Name SLPI
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Not Available
Specific Function Acid-stable proteinase inhibitor with strong affinities for trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, and cathepsin G (PubMed:3533531, PubMed:3462719, PubMed:2039600, PubMed:2110563, PubMed:10702419, PubMed:24121345). Modulates the inflammatory and immune responses after bacterial infection, and after infection by the intracellular parasite L.major. Down-regulates responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (By similarity). Plays a role in regulating the activation of NF-kappa-B and inflammatory responses (PubMed:10702419, PubMed:24352879). Has antimicrobial activity against mycobacteria, but not against salmonella. Contributes to normal resistance against infection by M.tuberculosis. Required for normal resistance to infection by L.major. Required for normal wound healing, probably by preventing tissue damage by limiting protease activity (By similarity). Together with ELANE, required for normal differentiation and proliferation of bone marrow myeloid cells (PubMed:24352879).
Pathways Not Available
Reactions Not Available
GO Classification
Biological Process
neutrophil degranulation
response to lipopolysaccharide
innate immune response
negative regulation of viral genome replication
immune response
negative regulation of protein binding
modulation of process of other organism
antibacterial humoral response
Cellular Component
extracellular vesicular exosome
Golgi apparatus
specific granule lumen
extracellular region
collagen-containing extracellular matrix
extracellular space
Molecular Function
endopeptidase inhibitor activity
serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
enzyme binding
DNA binding
mRNA binding
Cellular Location Not Available
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location Not Available
Locus Not Available
SNPs Not Available
Gene Sequence Not Available
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 132
Molecular Weight 14325.965
Theoretical pI 8.745
Pfam Domain Function
Signals
  • 1-25;
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence Not Available
GenBank ID Protein Not Available
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P03973
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name SLPI_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID Not Available
GeneCard ID Not Available
GenAtlas ID Not Available
HGNC ID Not Available
References
General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed:14702039 ]
  2. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  3. Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, Burton J, Gilbert JG, Jones M, Stavrides G, Almeida JP, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Barlow KF, Bates KN, Beard LM, Beare DM, Beasley OP, Bird CP, Blakey SE, Bridgeman AM, Brown AJ, Buck D, Burrill W, Butler AP, Carder C, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clamp M, Clark G, Clark LN, Clark SY, Clee CM, Clegg S, Cobley VE, Collier RE, Connor R, Corby NR, Coulson A, Coville GJ, Deadman R, Dhami P, Dunn M, Ellington AG, Frankland JA, Fraser A, French L, Garner P, Grafham DV, Griffiths C, Griffiths MN, Gwilliam R, Hall RE, Hammond S, Harley JL, Heath PD, Ho S, Holden JL, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hunt AR, Hunt SE, Jekosch K, Johnson CM, Johnson D, Kay MP, Kimberley AM, King A, Knights A, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lehvaslaiho MH, Leversha M, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Lovell JD, Marsh VL, Martin SL, McConnachie LJ, McLay K, McMurray AA, Milne S, Mistry D, Moore MJ, Mullikin JC, Nickerson T, Oliver K, Parker A, Patel R, Pearce TA, Peck AI, Phillimore BJ, Prathalingam SR, Plumb RW, Ramsay H, Rice CM, Ross MT, Scott CE, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Skuce CD, Smith ML, Soderlund C, Steward CA, Sulston JE, Swann M, Sycamore N, Taylor R, Tee L, Thomas DW, Thorpe A, Tracey A, Tromans AC, Vaudin M, Wall M, Wallis JM, Whitehead SL, Whittaker P, Willey DL, Williams L, Williams SA, Wilming L, Wray PW, Hubbard T, Durbin RM, Bentley DR, Beck S, Rogers J: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. Nature. 2001 Dec 20-27;414(6866):865-71. [PubMed:11780052 ]
  4. Heinzel R, Appelhans H, Gassen G, Seemuller U, Machleidt W, Fritz H, Steffens G: Molecular cloning and expression of cDNA for human antileukoprotease from cervix uterus. Eur J Biochem. 1986 Oct 1;160(1):61-7. [PubMed:3533531 ]
  5. Stetler G, Brewer MT, Thompson RC: Isolation and sequence of a human gene encoding a potent inhibitor of leukocyte proteases. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Oct 24;14(20):7883-96. [PubMed:3640338 ]
  6. Seemuller U, Arnhold M, Fritz H, Wiedenmann K, Machleidt W, Heinzel R, Appelhans H, Gassen HG, Lottspeich F: The acid-stable proteinase inhibitor of human mucous secretions (HUSI-I, antileukoprotease). Complete amino acid sequence as revealed by protein and cDNA sequencing and structural homology to whey proteins and Red Sea turtle proteinase inhibitor. FEBS Lett. 1986 Apr 7;199(1):43-8. [PubMed:3485543 ]
  7. Thompson RC, Ohlsson K: Isolation, properties, and complete amino acid sequence of human secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, a potent inhibitor of leukocyte elastase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Sep;83(18):6692-6. [PubMed:3462719 ]
  8. Sallenave JM, Ryle AP: Purification and characterization of elastase-specific inhibitor. Sequence homology with mucus proteinase inhibitor. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler. 1991 Jan;372(1):13-21. [PubMed:2039600 ]
  9. Grutter MG, Fendrich G, Huber R, Bode W: The 2.5 A X-ray crystal structure of the acid-stable proteinase inhibitor from human mucous secretions analysed in its complex with bovine alpha-chymotrypsin. EMBO J. 1988 Feb;7(2):345-51. [PubMed:3366116 ]
  10. Azkargorta M, Soria J, Ojeda C, Guzman F, Acera A, Iloro I, Suarez T, Elortza F: Human Basal Tear Peptidome Characterization by CID, HCD, and ETD Followed by in Silico and in Vitro Analyses for Antimicrobial Peptide Identification. J Proteome Res. 2015 Jun 5;14(6):2649-58. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00179. Epub 2015 May 20. [PubMed:25946035 ]
  11. Eisenberg SP, Hale KK, Heimdal P, Thompson RC: Location of the protease-inhibitory region of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor. J Biol Chem. 1990 May 15;265(14):7976-81. [PubMed:2110563 ]
  12. Mulligan MS, Lentsch AB, Huber-Lang M, Guo RF, Sarma V, Wright CD, Ulich TR, Ward PA: Anti-inflammatory effects of mutant forms of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor. Am J Pathol. 2000 Mar;156(3):1033-9. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64971-1. [PubMed:10702419 ]
  13. Zhu J, Nathan C, Jin W, Sim D, Ashcroft GS, Wahl SM, Lacomis L, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Wright CD, Ding A: Conversion of proepithelin to epithelins: roles of SLPI and elastase in host defense and wound repair. Cell. 2002 Dec 13;111(6):867-78. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(02)01141-8. [PubMed:12526812 ]
  14. Klimenkova O, Ellerbeck W, Klimiankou M, Unalan M, Kandabarau S, Gigina A, Hussein K, Zeidler C, Welte K, Skokowa J: A lack of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) causes defects in granulocytic differentiation. Blood. 2014 Feb 20;123(8):1239-49. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-06-508887. Epub 2013 Dec 18. [PubMed:24352879 ]
  15. Koizumi M, Fujino A, Fukushima K, Kamimura T, Takimoto-Kamimura M: Complex of human neutrophil elastase with 1/2SLPI. J Synchrotron Radiat. 2008 May;15(Pt 3):308-11. doi: 10.1107/S0909049507060670. Epub 2008 Apr 18. [PubMed:18421166 ]
  16. Fukushima K, Kamimura T, Takimoto-Kamimura M: Structure basis 1/2SLPI and porcine pancreas trypsin interaction. J Synchrotron Radiat. 2013 Nov;20(Pt 6):943-7. doi: 10.1107/S090904951302133X. Epub 2013 Sep 29. [PubMed:24121345 ]