Accession NumberHMDB01059
Common_NameInositol 1,3,4,5-tetraphosphate
DescriptionInositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphopsphate (IP4) is a second messenger responsible for mediating Ca2+ entry through plasma membrane and mobilize intracellular Ca2+ by acting synergistically with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase (IP3K, EC 2.7.1.127) phosphorylates IP3 to IP4. Evidence shows that IP4 can activate a protein with ras- and rap-GAP activity and finally inactivate the G protein. This indicates that IP4 regulates Ca2+ influx in a GTP-dependent way, which potentially links the IP3 signaling pathway to GTP-regulated signaling mechanisms. IP4 is demonstrated to be a common regulator in Ca2+ homeostasis. IP4 can bind with high affinity to several intracellular proteins: synaptotagmin (I and II), Gap1, Btk, and centaurin-alpha-and may interact with synaptotagmin to inhibit synaptic transmission. IP4 also acts as a mediator in neuronal death in the ischemic hippocampus. IP4 production is not always associated with modification in calcium concentration, and control of calcium mobilization is not the sole function proposed for IP4. IP4 define an essential signaling pathway for T cell precursor responsiveness and development. In the thymus, IP4 is essential during positive and negative selection of double-positive thymocytes, and in the control of thymocyte reactivity to antigens. 1D-Myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate is also a substrate for Type I inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase, Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase A and Skeletal muscle and kidney enriched inositol phosphatase. (PMID: 15740635, Nature Immunology 4, 1136 - 1143 (2003) )
Chemical_IUPAC_Name[(2R,3S,5S,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2,4,6-triphosphonooxycyclohexyl] dihydrogen phosphate
Chemical FormulaC6H16O18P4
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