Description | Testerone is a predominantly male hormone, though females do produce certain amounts of it. The primary female hormone is estrogen and males also produce certain amounts of this hormone. testosterone causes the appearance of male traits (i.e deepening voice, pubic and facial hairs, muscular build, etc.)
The keto group on C-17 is reduced to an alcohol to yield testosterone. testosterone is a potential precursor of estradiol.
There is a myth that exogenous testosterone can more or less definitively be used for male birth control. However, the vast majority of physicians will agree that to prescribe exogenous testosterone for this purpose is inappropriate. But perhaps more importantly, many men of first hand found this myth to be untrue or at least, unreliable. This is especially true when exogenous testosterone is used in conjunction with hCG.[citation needed]
As testosterone affects the entire body (often by enlargening, such accepted facts such as, men have bigger hearts, lungs, liver etc) the brain is also affected by this 'sexual' advancement, the enzyme aromatase converts testosterone into estrogen that is responsible for 'masculinization' of the brain in a male fetus. Factors that in any way reduce this key enzyme(aromatase) can result in an individual with male gender, male body but with a "female" brain. There are some differences in a male and female brain (the result of testosterone) a clear difference is the size, the male human brain is on average larger, however in females the (that do not use testosterone as much) the corpus callosum is proportionally larger in females then males. This means that the effect of testosterone is a greater brain volume, however less interwoven brain halves.
testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group. testosterone is primarily secreted in the testes of males and the ovaries of females although small amounts are secreted by the adrenal glands. It is the principal male sex hormone and an anabolic steroid. In both males and females, it plays key roles in health and well-being. Examples include enhanced libido, energy, immune function, and protection against osteoporosis. On average, the adult male body produces about twenty times the amount of testosterone that an adult female's body does.
Free testosterone (T) is transported into the cytoplasm of target tissue cells, where it can bind to the androgen receptor, or can be reduced to 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by the cytoplasmic enzyme 5-alpha-reductase(5-alfa-reduktas). DHT binds to the same androgen receptor even more strongly than T, so that its androgenic potency is about 2.5 times that of T. The T-receptor or DHT-receptor complex undergoes a structural change that allows it to move into the cell nucleus and bind directly to specific nucleotide sequences of the chromosomal DNA. The areas of binding are called hormone response elements (HREs), and influence transcriptional activity of certain genes, producing the androgen effects. It is important to note that if there is a too low amount of 5-alpha-reductase(5-alfa-reduktas), the body (of a human) will -continue- growing into a female with testicles. |
Chemical_IUPAC_Name | [(8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-10,13-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] decanoate |