Accession NumberHMDB00304
Common_NameUridine diphosphate-N-acetylgalactosamine
DescriptionUridine diphosphate-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) is a sugar donor metabolite, transferring N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc, an O-glycan) from UDP-GalNAc to serine and threonine residues, forming an alpha anomeric linkage in a reaction catalyzed by enzymes known as UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases; addition of GalNAc to serine or threonine represents the first committed step in mucin biosynthesis. O-glycans impart unique structural features to mucin glycoproteins and numerous membrane receptors, and resistance to thermal change and proteolytic attack in a number of diverse proteins. O-linked carbohydrate side chains function as ligands for receptors; lymphocyte and leukocyte homing and as signals for protein sorting. (PMID: 12634319) Animal studies suggest that overactivity of the hexosamine pathway, resulting in increased UDP-hexosamines [i.e.: UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc)] is an important mechanism by which hyperglycemia causes insulin resistance. However, to date, human studies concerning the role of the hexosamine pathway in hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance are scarce and restricted to measurements of glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) enzyme activity. Both positive and negative correlations between GFAT activity in human muscle tissue from patients with type 2 DM and glucose disposal rate have been reported. (PMID: 12414889)
Chemical_IUPAC_Name[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-hydroxy-phosphoryl]oxy-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-oxolan-2-yl]methoxy]phosphinic acid
Chemical FormulaC17H27N3O17P2
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Predicted 1H NMR SpectrumDownload
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Predicted 13C NMR PeaklistDownload
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