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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:49:05 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0000717
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB00717
Metabolite Identification
Common NameIsolithocholic acid
DescriptionIsolithocholic acid is a bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic. A bile acid. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depending only on the presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g. membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues (PMID: 11316487 , 16037564 , 12576301 , 11907135 ).
Structure
Data?1582752152
Synonyms
ValueSource
(3beta,5beta)-3-Hydroxycholan-24-Oic acidChEBI
3-Epilithocholic acidChEBI
3beta-Hydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-Oic acidChEBI
3beta-Lithocholic acidChEBI
beta-Lithocholanic acidChEBI
beta-Lithocholic acidChEBI
(3b,5b)-3-Hydroxycholan-24-OateGenerator
(3b,5b)-3-Hydroxycholan-24-Oic acidGenerator
(3beta,5beta)-3-Hydroxycholan-24-OateGenerator
(3Β,5β)-3-hydroxycholan-24-OateGenerator
(3Β,5β)-3-hydroxycholan-24-Oic acidGenerator
3-EpilithocholateGenerator
3b-Hydroxy-5b-cholan-24-OateGenerator
3b-Hydroxy-5b-cholan-24-Oic acidGenerator
3beta-Hydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-OateGenerator
3Β-hydroxy-5β-cholan-24-OateGenerator
3Β-hydroxy-5β-cholan-24-Oic acidGenerator
3b-LithocholateGenerator
3b-Lithocholic acidGenerator
3beta-LithocholateGenerator
3Β-lithocholateGenerator
3Β-lithocholic acidGenerator
b-LithocholanateGenerator
b-Lithocholanic acidGenerator
beta-LithocholanateGenerator
Β-lithocholanateGenerator
Β-lithocholanic acidGenerator
b-LithocholateGenerator
b-Lithocholic acidGenerator
beta-LithocholateGenerator
Β-lithocholateGenerator
Β-lithocholic acidGenerator
IsolithocholateGenerator
3b-Hydroxy-5b-cholanateHMDB
3b-Hydroxy-5b-cholanic acidHMDB
3b-Hydroxy-5b-cholanoateHMDB
3b-Hydroxy-5b-cholanoic acidHMDB
5b-Cholanic acid-3b-olHMDB
Acid, isolithocholicHMDB
Acid, lithocholicHMDB
LithocholateHMDB
Lithocholic acidHMDB
Chemical FormulaC24H40O3
Average Molecular Weight376.5726
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight376.297745146
IUPAC Name(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,5S,7R,10R,11S,14R,15R)-5-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanoic acid
Traditional Name(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,5S,7R,10R,11S,14R,15R)-5-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanoic acid
CAS Registry Number1534-35-6
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCC(O)=O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CC[C@]2([H])C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]12C
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C24H40O3/c1-15(4-9-22(26)27)19-7-8-20-18-6-5-16-14-17(25)10-12-23(16,2)21(18)11-13-24(19,20)3/h15-21,25H,4-14H2,1-3H3,(H,26,27)/t15-,16-,17+,18+,19-,20+,21+,23+,24-/m1/s1
InChI KeySMEROWZSTRWXGI-WFVDQZAMSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monohydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives. These are bile acids, alcohols or any of their derivatives bearing a hydroxyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassBile acids, alcohols and derivatives
Direct ParentMonohydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Monohydroxy bile acid, alcohol, or derivatives
  • 3-hydroxysteroid
  • Hydroxysteroid
  • 3-beta-hydroxysteroid
  • Cyclic alcohol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Organic oxide
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0005 g/LALOGPS
logP4.38ALOGPS
logP5.02ChemAxon
logS-5.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.79ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-1.4ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area57.53 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity107.68 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability45.89 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+190.40731661259
DarkChem[M-H]-186.6231661259
AllCCS[M+H]+198.93432859911
AllCCS[M-H]-197.29632859911
DeepCCS[M-2H]-232.97830932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+207.44830932474
AllCCS[M+H]+198.932859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+196.632859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+201.132859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+201.732859911
AllCCS[M-H]-197.332859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-198.532859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-200.032859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Isolithocholic acid[H][C@@]12CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCC(O)=O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CC[C@]2([H])C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]12C3522.5Standard polar33892256
Isolithocholic acid[H][C@@]12CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCC(O)=O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CC[C@]2([H])C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]12C3167.6Standard non polar33892256
Isolithocholic acid[H][C@@]12CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCC(O)=O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CC[C@]2([H])C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]12C3255.3Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Isolithocholic acid,1TMS,isomer #1C[C@H](CCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC[C@@H]4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@@]21C3169.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Isolithocholic acid,1TMS,isomer #2C[C@H](CCC(=O)O)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC[C@@H]4C[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@@]21C3264.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Isolithocholic acid,2TMS,isomer #1C[C@H](CCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC[C@@H]4C[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@@]21C3182.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Isolithocholic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1C[C@H](CCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC[C@@H]4C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@@]21C3446.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Isolithocholic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2C[C@H](CCC(=O)O)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC[C@@H]4C[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@@]21C3492.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Isolithocholic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1C[C@H](CCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC[C@@H]4C[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3CC[C@@]21C3714.6Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0hft-0109000000-d80c67969566eb0697122017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0a4i-3214890000-a148637510771fd69f572017-10-06Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0129000000-066ac41ad9941f9e21f42021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00dl-0249000000-cce770467236fef9c1022021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-001m-9610000000-9bf43cf0de56ef3b91572021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00dl-0249000000-319218499f72e4ee3f1f2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a6r-0009000000-f631439c42560b6112dc2016-06-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0bu3-0029000000-77d9dd354e5acfcbb0592016-06-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-1195000000-4e93d1691883a980ad092016-06-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004i-0009000000-bc8a31ce5625ab01cbf92016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-056r-1009000000-703fb777c311a25b0d152016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4l-9006000000-6c71a6df88d4f84121d02016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-004i-0009000000-eccc9e9b8c78169f53132021-09-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-056r-0009000000-7777c272612ec6c534f12021-09-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-05di-3019000000-e5596a2bcefec4be517a2021-09-21Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004l-0009000000-4fc9c94a2a74d03b596d2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-6579000000-8d70683d9c59bbc7c41e2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Isolithocholic acid 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4j-8970000000-50834929c8da38b179bf2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
Biospecimen Locations
  • Feces
Tissue Locations
  • Gall Bladder
  • Intestine
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022201
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID144522
KEGG Compound IDC17658
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkNot Available
METLIN ID5685
PubChem Compound164853
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID81253
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceRadominska-Pyrek, Anna; Huynh, Triet; Lester, Roger; St. Pyrek, Jan. Preparation and characterization of 3-monohydroxylated bile acids of different side chain length and configuration at C-3. Novel approach to the synthesis of 24-norlithocholic acid. Journal of Lipid Research (1986), 27(1), 102-13.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References
  1. Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. [PubMed:2026685 ]
  2. van Faassen A, Bol J, van Dokkum W, Pikaar NA, Ockhuizen T, Hermus RJ: Bile acids, neutral steroids, and bacteria in feces as affected by a mixed, a lacto-ovovegetarian, and a vegan diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 1987 Dec;46(6):962-7. [PubMed:3120571 ]
  3. St-Pierre MV, Kullak-Ublick GA, Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ: Transport of bile acids in hepatic and non-hepatic tissues. J Exp Biol. 2001 May;204(Pt 10):1673-86. [PubMed:11316487 ]
  4. Claudel T, Staels B, Kuipers F: The Farnesoid X receptor: a molecular link between bile acid and lipid and glucose metabolism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005 Oct;25(10):2020-30. Epub 2005 Jul 21. [PubMed:16037564 ]
  5. Chiang JY: Bile acid regulation of hepatic physiology: III. Bile acids and nuclear receptors. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2003 Mar;284(3):G349-56. [PubMed:12576301 ]
  6. Davis RA, Miyake JH, Hui TY, Spann NJ: Regulation of cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase: BAREly missing a SHP. J Lipid Res. 2002 Apr;43(4):533-43. [PubMed:11907135 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in binding
Specific function:
Ileal protein which stimulates gastric acid and pepsinogen secretion. Seems to be able to bind to bile salts and bilirubins. Isoform 2 is essential for the survival of colon cancer cells to bile acid-induced apoptosis
Gene Name:
FABP6
Uniprot ID:
P51161
Molecular weight:
14371.2
References
  1. Kurz M, Brachvogel V, Matter H, Stengelin S, Thuring H, Kramer W: Insights into the bile acid transportation system: the human ileal lipid-binding protein-cholyltaurine complex and its comparison with homologous structures. Proteins. 2003 Feb 1;50(2):312-28. [PubMed:12486725 ]

Transporters

General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, taurocholate, triiodothyronine (T3), leukotriene C4, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), methotrexate and sulfobromophthalein (BSP)
Gene Name:
SLCO1B3
Uniprot ID:
Q9NPD5
Molecular weight:
77402.2
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as pravastatin, taurocholate, methotrexate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, estrone sulfate, prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2, leukotriene C3, leukotriene E4, thyroxine and triiodothyronine. May play an important role in the clearance of bile acids and organic anions from the liver
Gene Name:
SLCO1B1
Uniprot ID:
Q9Y6L6
Molecular weight:
76448.0
References
  1. Michalski C, Cui Y, Nies AT, Nuessler AK, Neuhaus P, Zanger UM, Klein K, Eichelbaum M, Keppler D, Konig J: A naturally occurring mutation in the SLC21A6 gene causing impaired membrane localization of the hepatocyte uptake transporter. J Biol Chem. 2002 Nov 8;277(45):43058-63. Epub 2002 Aug 23. [PubMed:12196548 ]
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
May act as an inducible transporter in the biliary and intestinal excretion of organic anions. Acts as an alternative route for the export of bile acids and glucuronides from cholestatic hepatocytes
Gene Name:
ABCC3
Uniprot ID:
O15438
Molecular weight:
169341.1
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes
Gene Name:
ABCB11
Uniprot ID:
O95342
Molecular weight:
146405.8
General function:
Involved in bile acid:sodium symporter activity
Specific function:
Plays a critical role in the sodium-dependent reabsorption of bile acids from the lumen of the small intestine. Plays a key role in cholesterol metabolism
Gene Name:
SLC10A2
Uniprot ID:
Q12908
Molecular weight:
37697.4
References
  1. Kramer W, Girbig F, Glombik H, Corsiero D, Stengelin S, Weyland C: Identification of a ligand-binding site in the Na+/bile acid cotransporting protein from rabbit ileum. J Biol Chem. 2001 Sep 21;276(38):36020-7. Epub 2001 Jul 10. [PubMed:11447228 ]
General function:
Involved in bile acid:sodium symporter activity
Specific function:
The hepatic sodium/bile acid uptake system exhibits broad substrate specificity and transports various non-bile acid organic compounds as well. It is strictly dependent on the extracellular presence of sodium.
Gene Name:
SLC10A1
Uniprot ID:
Q14973
Molecular weight:
38118.64
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids
Gene Name:
SLCO1A2
Uniprot ID:
P46721
Molecular weight:
74144.1
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as the thyroid hormones T3 (triiodo-L-thyronine), T4 (thyroxine) and rT3, and of estrone-3-sulfate and taurocholate
Gene Name:
SLCO4A1
Uniprot ID:
Q96BD0
Molecular weight:
77192.5