Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2006-05-22 14:17:33 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:16:06 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0002048 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | m-Cresol |
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Description | m-Cresol is an isomer of p-cresol and o-cresol. Cresols are organic compounds which are methylphenols. They are a widely occurring natural and manufactured group of aromatic organic compounds which are categorized as phenols (sometimes called phenolics). Depending on the temperature, cresols can be solid or liquid because they have melting points not far from room temperature. Like other types of phenols, they are slowly oxidized by long exposure to air and the impurities often give cresols a yellowish to brownish red tint. Cresols have an odor characteristic to that of other simple phenols, reminiscent to some of a "medicine" smell. Cresol solutions are used as household cleaners and disinfectants, perhaps most famously under the trade name Lysol. In the past, cresol solutions have been used as antiseptics in surgery, but they have been largely displaced in this role by less toxic compounds. Lysol was also advertised as a disinfecting vaginal douche in mid-twentieth century America. Cresols are found in many foods and in wood and tobacco smoke, crude oil, coal tar, and in brown mixtures such as creosote and cresylic acids, which are wood preservatives. Small organisms in soil and water produce cresols when they break down materials in the environment. Most exposures to cresols are at very low levels that are not harmful. When cresols are breathed, ingested, or applied to the skin at very high levels, they can be very harmful. Effects observed in people include irritation and burning of skin, eyes, mouth, and throat; abdominal pain and vomiting; heart damage; anemia; liver and kidney damage; facial paralysis; coma; and death. Breathing high levels of cresols for a short time results in irritation of the nose and throat. Aside from these effects, very little is known about the effects of breathing cresols, for example, at lower levels over longer times. Ingesting high levels results in kidney problems, mouth and throat burns, abdominal pain, vomiting, and effects on the blood and nervous system. Skin contact with high levels of cresols can burn the skin and damage the kidneys, liver, blood, brain, and lungs. m-Cresol is a microbial metabolite that can be found in Lysinibacillus. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C7H8O/c1-6-3-2-4-7(8)5-6/h2-5,8H,1H3 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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1-Hydroxy-3-methylbenzene | ChEBI | 3-Cresol | ChEBI | 3-Hydroxytoluene | ChEBI | 3-Methylphenol | ChEBI | m-Kresol | ChEBI | m-Methylphenol | ChEBI | Meta-cresol | ChEBI | Metacresol | ChEBI | 3-Cresol, calcium salt(1:2) | MeSH | 3-Cresol, sodium salt | MeSH | 3-Phenylphenol | ChEBI, HMDB | m-Cresylic acid | HMDB | m-Hydroxytoluene | HMDB | m-Oxytoluene | HMDB | m-Toluol | HMDB | m-Cresol | KEGG |
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Chemical Formula | C7H8O |
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Average Molecular Weight | 108.1378 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 108.057514878 |
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IUPAC Name | 3-methylphenol |
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Traditional Name | M-cresol |
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CAS Registry Number | 108-39-4 |
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SMILES | CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C7H8O/c1-6-3-2-4-7(8)5-6/h2-5,8H,1H3 |
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InChI Key | RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as meta cresols. These are aromatic compounds containing a meta-cresol moiety, which consists of a benzene ring bearing a methyl group and a hydroxyl group at ring positions 1 and 3, respectively. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Benzenoids |
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Class | Phenols |
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Sub Class | Cresols |
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Direct Parent | Meta cresols |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - M-cresol
- 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid
- 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
- Toluene
- Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Organic oxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Liquid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 11.8 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | 202.00 to 203.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg | The Good Scents Company Information System | Water Solubility | 22.7 mg/mL at 25 °C | Not Available | LogP | 1.96 | HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0a4i-6900000000-f2082b2d78602454887c | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0a4i-9700000000-987a7fd82a03c828f2f6 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0a4i-5900000000-80356192ec6d2f2cce17 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014l-3900000000-5be628cfaed43892ecb6 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0a4i-6900000000-f2082b2d78602454887c | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0a4i-9700000000-987a7fd82a03c828f2f6 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol EI-B (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0a4i-5900000000-80356192ec6d2f2cce17 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-014l-3900000000-5be628cfaed43892ecb6 | 2018-05-18 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0a4i-6900000000-b8ad5789d64b1436f653 | 2016-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-01b9-7900000000-bea1778da40d4c1353e5 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - m-Cresol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-0a4i-9800000000-f9433af649d30cc0e317 | 2014-09-20 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0a4i-4900000000-ff165ee98ef540125c4f | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-00kf-9000000000-606fcb6bc90a29dd8728 | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-014i-9000000000-dcdf60701ebd4f253aff | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol EI-B (VARIAN MAT-44) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-6900000000-8a57217dc9acf65664ce | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol EI-B (HITACHI RMU-6L) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9700000000-987a7fd82a03c828f2f6 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol EI-B (HITACHI RMU-7M) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-5900000000-80356192ec6d2f2cce17 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-50eeee8ccda679df8336 | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-1900000000-8d97f02d4ffa2f7ea5d7 | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0gb9-9100000000-5118914f1ab03a16ca6e | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-a61d3231658626b2b393 | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-373e69629866322cc176 | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9700000000-c3be74dad978cee7d152 | 2016-09-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0900000000-3f09649991cc4cfcf1ec | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-4900000000-058b7146c5399581303c | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-00kf-9000000000-1ab6752f7f0666600263 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-3900000000-1564c33b741bc83530e8 | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-054o-9200000000-627147be2fad4471903e | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - m-Cresol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014u-9000000000-4f6fdf895856dea20b9e | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | - Membrane (predicted from logP)
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Biospecimen Locations | |
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Tissue Locations | Not Available |
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Expected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Available | Not Available | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected and Quantified | 0.13 umol/mmol creatinine | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | 8849.0 (8877.0-9062.0) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Cresol poisoning | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 2219.0 (2126.0-2496.0) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Cresol poisoning | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Cresol poisoning IBS |
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- Monma-Ohtaki J, Maeno Y, Nagao M, Iwasa M, Koyama H, Isobe I, Seko-Nakamura Y, Tsuchimochi T, Matsumoto T: An autopsy case of poisoning by massive absorption of cresol a short time before death. Forensic Sci Int. 2002 Mar 28;126(1):77-81. [PubMed:11955837 ]
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
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- Raman M, Ahmed I, Gillevet PM, Probert CS, Ratcliffe NM, Smith S, Greenwood R, Sikaroodi M, Lam V, Crotty P, Bailey J, Myers RP, Rioux KP: Fecal microbiome and volatile organic compound metabolome in obese humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Jul;11(7):868-75.e1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2013.02.015. Epub 2013 Feb 27. [PubMed:23454028 ]
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Associated OMIM IDs | None |
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | DB01776 |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB008788 |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00035128 |
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Chemspider ID | 21105871 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C01467 |
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BioCyc ID | CPD-112 |
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BiGG ID | Not Available |
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Wikipedia Link | M-cresol |
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METLIN ID | Not Available |
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PubChem Compound | 342 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 17231 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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MarkerDB ID | Not Available |
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Good Scents ID | rw1007701 |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Oxford JS, Lambkin R, Gibb I, Balasingam S, Chan C, Catchpole A: A throat lozenge containing amyl meta cresol and dichlorobenzyl alcohol has a direct virucidal effect on respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A and SARS-CoV. Antivir Chem Chemother. 2005;16(2):129-34. [PubMed:15889535 ]
- Koetsawang A, Koetsawang S: The use of a condensation product of metacresol sulfonic acid with methanal in the treatment of cervical erosion. J Med Assoc Thai. 1980 Nov;63(11):608-10. [PubMed:7205102 ]
- Malaise J, Leonet J, Goffin E, Lefebvre C, Tennstedt D, Vandeleene B, Buysschaert M, Squifflet JP: Pancreas transplantation for treatment of generalized allergy to human insulin in type 1 diabetes. Transplant Proc. 2005 Jul-Aug;37(6):2839. [PubMed:16182826 ]
- Perez de Salazar JL, Diaz Loya FJ, Garcia Mendoza M: [The trichomonacidal, fungicidal and bactericidal effects of metacresol sulfonic acid polymer with methanal in cervico-vaginitis]. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 1983 Feb;51(310):43-8. [PubMed:6681370 ]
- Hussain K, Campagnolo ER: Suspected cresol poisoning in cattle presented for slaughter. Vet Hum Toxicol. 2002 Feb;44(1):11-4. [PubMed:11824764 ]
- Wang G, Jing F, Su S: [An experimental study of metacresol burn]. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Shao Shang Wai Ke Za Zhi. 1999 Jul;15(4):305-8. [PubMed:11593614 ]
- Jorgensen JT: Improvement of patient convenience in treatment with growth hormone. J Pediatr Endocrinol. 1994 Apr-Jun;7(2):175-80. [PubMed:8061763 ]
- Rasmussen LH, Zachmann M, Nilsson P: Authentic recombinant human growth hormone. Results of a multicenter clinical trial in patients with growth hormone deficiency. Helv Paediatr Acta. 1989 Jun;43(5-6):443-8. [PubMed:2663792 ]
- Wheeler BJ, Taylor BJ: Successful management of allergy to the insulin excipient metacresol in a child with type 1 diabetes: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2012 Aug 31;6:263. doi: 10.1186/1752-1947-6-263. [PubMed:22937994 ]
- Morfin de Madrigal A, Lopez Amado G: [500 cases of cervicitis treated with metacresol sulfonic acid]. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 1972 Jan;31(183):83-9. [PubMed:5007546 ]
- Phares KR, Weiser WE, Miller SP, Myers MA, Wade M: Stability and preservative effectiveness of treprostinil sodium after dilution in common intravenous diluents. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2003 May 1;60(9):916-22. [PubMed:12756943 ]
- Leonet J, Malaise J, Goffin E, Lefebvre C, Tennstedt D, Vandeleene B, Buysschaert M, Squifflet JP: Solitary pancreas transplantation for life-threatening allergy to human insulin. Transpl Int. 2006 Jun;19(6):474-7. [PubMed:16771868 ]
- Clerx V, Van Den Keybus C, Kochuyt A, Goossens A: Drug intolerance reaction to insulin therapy caused by metacresol. Contact Dermatitis. 2003 Mar;48(3):162-3. [PubMed:12755733 ]
- Plantin P, Sassolas B, Guillet MH, Tater D, Guillet G: [Cutaneous allergic accidents caused by insulin. Current aspects apropos of 2 cases]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1988;115(8):813-7. [PubMed:2974269 ]
- McSherry TJ: Incompatibility between chlorpromazine and metacresol. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1987 Jul;44(7):1574. [PubMed:3631086 ]
- Gloge A, Langer B, Poppe L, Retey J: The behavior of substrate analogues and secondary deuterium isotope effects in the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase reaction. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1998 Nov 1;359(1):1-7. [PubMed:9799553 ]
- Das Gupta V: Quantitation of meperidine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage forms by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Sci. 1983 Jun;72(6):695-7. [PubMed:6875832 ]
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