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Version5.0
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:49 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:38 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0014487
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB14487
Metabolite Identification
Common NameDiltiazem
DescriptionDiltiazem is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of the calcium ion in membrane functions. It is also teratogenic. [PubChem]Possibly by deforming the channel, inhibiting ion-control gating mechanisms, and/or interfering with the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, diltiazem, like verapamil, inhibits the influx of extracellular calcium across both the myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cell membranes. The resultant inhibition of the contractile processes of the myocardial smooth muscle cells leads to dilation of the coronary and systemic arteries and improved oxygen delivery to the myocardial tissue.
Structure
Data?1582753185
Synonyms
ValueSource
(+)-cis-5-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one acetate esterChEBI
(2S,3S)-5-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl acetateChEBI
(2S-cis)-3-(Acetyloxy)-5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-oneChEBI
Acetic acid (2S,3S)-5-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-benzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl esterChEBI
D-cis-DiltiazemChEBI
DiltiazemumChEBI
SurazemKegg
(+)-cis-5-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one acetic acid esterGenerator
(2S,3S)-5-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl acetic acidGenerator
Acetate (2S,3S)-5-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-benzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl esterGenerator
CardilHMDB
AldizemHMDB
DilrenHMDB
Watson pharmaceuticals brand OF diltazemHMDB
CRD 401HMDB
CRD-401HMDB
CardizemHMDB
DilacorHMDB
Dilacor XRHMDB
Diltiazem hydrochlorideHMDB
DilzemHMDB
TiazacHMDB
Biovail brand OF diltiazem hydrochlorideHMDB
Diltiazem malateHMDB
Chemical FormulaC22H26N2O4S
Average Molecular Weight414.518
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight414.16132802
IUPAC Name(2S,3S)-5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate
Traditional Namediltiazem
CAS Registry Number42399-41-7
SMILES
COC1=CC=C(C=C1)[C@@H]1SC2=CC=CC=C2N(CCN(C)C)C(=O)[C@@H]1OC(C)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C22H26N2O4S/c1-15(25)28-20-21(16-9-11-17(27-4)12-10-16)29-19-8-6-5-7-18(19)24(22(20)26)14-13-23(2)3/h5-12,20-21H,13-14H2,1-4H3/t20-,21+/m1/s1
InChI KeyHSUGRBWQSSZJOP-RTWAWAEBSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzothiazepines. These are organic compounds containing a benzene fused to a thiazepine ring (a seven-membered ring with a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom replacing two carbon atoms).
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassBenzothiazepines
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentBenzothiazepines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Benzothiazepine
  • Phenoxy compound
  • Aryl thioether
  • Anisole
  • Phenol ether
  • Methoxybenzene
  • Alkyl aryl ether
  • Alkylarylthioether
  • Monocyclic benzene moiety
  • Benzenoid
  • Tertiary carboxylic acid amide
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Carboxamide group
  • Carboxylic acid ester
  • Lactam
  • Tertiary amine
  • Tertiary aliphatic amine
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Ether
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Azacycle
  • Thioether
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Amine
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxide
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
  • 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate (CHEBI:101278 )
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point231 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.017 g/LNot Available
LogP2.8Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M+H]+CBM197.830932474
[M+H]+Not Available196.111http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00001102
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.017 g/LALOGPS
logP3.09ALOGPS
logP2.73ChemAxon
logS-4.4ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)12.86ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)8.18ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count4ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area59.08 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count7ChemAxon
Refractivity114.37 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability43.65 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+199.85431661259
DarkChem[M-H]-200.22131661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+195.83130932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-193.47330932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-227.06730932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+202.17930932474
AllCCS[M+H]+199.732859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+197.332859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+201.932859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+202.532859911
AllCCS[M-H]-199.132859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-199.532859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-200.132859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
DiltiazemCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)[C@@H]1SC2=CC=CC=C2N(CCN(C)C)C(=O)[C@@H]1OC(C)=O4619.2Standard polar33892256
DiltiazemCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)[C@@H]1SC2=CC=CC=C2N(CCN(C)C)C(=O)[C@@H]1OC(C)=O3055.0Standard non polar33892256
DiltiazemCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)[C@@H]1SC2=CC=CC=C2N(CCN(C)C)C(=O)[C@@H]1OC(C)=O3056.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Diltiazem GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0abc-9646000000-04d2eb286617fa8111902017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Diltiazem GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0ab9-9200000000-b1095b8fe5973d23fdd62014-09-20Not AvailableView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0fb9-0900000000-96509d36ba030e8f98c82021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0201900000-26955403b59e6618fe762021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-004i-0901100000-71e8128140c5e1ca0c522021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00xr-3109700000-d386c5de1a87c11cbc6f2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-7973000000-0bc5fc09ba611f5ad1fe2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-05fr-8911000000-3f9afe9e89e028c0d2582016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9003300000-aa0d02f7d6ac5f92863e2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9138100000-f2b6df8ef6a8cb7aed702016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0pb9-7951000000-c5814417a1eb6c5de03b2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0001900000-8a381f5579f5f7ad42f42021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-00di-6918100000-310ffaa05668b40141622021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0229-6958000000-c55c00ddc94a8d8265512021-09-23Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-03di-1023900000-78474bb391c4e477c10b2021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9188100000-db8c547169ab233cd8d12021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Diltiazem 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0nov-3149000000-652c4505661022e2d0b62021-09-25Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00343 details
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00343 details
Abnormal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
FecesDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedAdult (>18 years old)Both
Colorectal cancer
details
Predicted Concentrations
BiospecimenValueOriginal ageOriginal sexOriginal conditionComments
Blood0.000 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Blood0.000 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Colorectal cancer
  1. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
DrugBank IDDB00343
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID35850
KEGG Compound IDC06958
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkDiltiazem
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound39186
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID101278
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
  2. Williams JA, Ring BJ, Cantrell VE, Jones DR, Eckstein J, Ruterbories K, Hamman MA, Hall SD, Wrighton SA: Comparative metabolic capabilities of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Aug;30(8):883-91. [PubMed:12124305 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan.
Gene Name:
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID:
P11712
Molecular weight:
55627.365
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
Gene Name:
CYP2C19
Uniprot ID:
P33261
Molecular weight:
55944.565
References
  1. Kosuge K, Jun Y, Watanabe H, Kimura M, Nishimoto M, Ishizaki T, Ohashi K: Effects of CYP3A4 inhibition by diltiazem on pharmacokinetics and dynamics of diazepam in relation to CYP2C19 genotype status. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Oct;29(10):1284-9. [PubMed:11560871 ]
  2. McGinnity DF, Parker AJ, Soars M, Riley RJ: Automated definition of the enzymology of drug oxidation by the major human drug metabolizing cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Nov;28(11):1327-34. [PubMed:11038161 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants.
Gene Name:
CYP2D6
Uniprot ID:
P10635
Molecular weight:
55768.94
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
Gene Name:
CYP3A5
Uniprot ID:
P20815
Molecular weight:
57108.065
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
Gene Name:
CYP3A7
Uniprot ID:
P24462
Molecular weight:
57525.03
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. In the epoxidation of arachidonic acid it generates only 14,15- and 11,12-cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol).
Gene Name:
CYP2C8
Uniprot ID:
P10632
Molecular weight:
55824.275
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific function:
This protein is a subunit of the dihydropyridine (DHP) sensitive calcium channel. Plays a role in excitation-contraction coupling. The skeletal muscle DHP-sensitive Ca(2+) channel may function only as a multiple subunit complex
Gene Name:
CACNG1
Uniprot ID:
Q06432
Molecular weight:
25028.1
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
  3. Budriesi R, Ioan P, Carosati E, Cruciani G, Zhorov BS, Chiarini A: Ligands of diltiazem binding site: an overview of some chemotypes. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2009 Oct;9(12):1379-88. [PubMed:19929811 ]
  4. Romero M, Sanchez I, Pujol MD: New advances in the field of calcium channel antagonists: cardiovascular effects and structure-activity relationships. Curr Med Chem Cardiovasc Hematol Agents. 2003 Jun;1(2):113-41. [PubMed:15320693 ]

Transporters

General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells
Gene Name:
ABCB1
Uniprot ID:
P08183
Molecular weight:
141477.3
References
  1. Polli JW, Wring SA, Humphreys JE, Huang L, Morgan JB, Webster LO, Serabjit-Singh CS: Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Nov;299(2):620-8. [PubMed:11602674 ]
  2. Takara K, Sakaeda T, Tanigawara Y, Nishiguchi K, Ohmoto N, Horinouchi M, Komada F, Ohnishi N, Yokoyama T, Okumura K: Effects of 12 Ca2+ antagonists on multidrug resistance, MDR1-mediated transport and MDR1 mRNA expression. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2002 Aug;16(3):159-65. [PubMed:12128170 ]
  3. Saeki T, Ueda K, Tanigawara Y, Hori R, Komano T: P-glycoprotein-mediated transcellular transport of MDR-reversing agents. FEBS Lett. 1993 Jun 7;324(1):99-102. [PubMed:8099333 ]