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Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:49 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:41 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0014620
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB14620
Metabolite Identification
Common NameChlorpromazine
DescriptionChlorpromazine, also known as thorazine or aminazine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenothiazines. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a phenothiazine moiety, which is a linear tricyclic system that consists of a two benzene rings joined by a para-thiazine ring. A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety. Chlorpromazine is a drug which is used for the treatment of schizophrenia; to control nausea and vomiting; for relief of restlessness and apprehension before surgery; for acute intermittent porphyria; as an adjunct in the treatment of tetanus; to control the manifestations of the manic type of manic-depressive illness; for relief of intractable hiccups; for the treatment of severe behavioral problems in children (1 to 12 years of age) marked by combativeness and/or explosive hyperexcitable behavior (out of proportion to immediate provocations), and in the short-term treatment of hyperactive children who show excessive motor activity with accompanying conduct disorders consisting of some or all of the following symptoms: impulsivity, difficulty sustaining attention, aggressivity, mood lability, and poor frustration tolerance. Chlorpromazine is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Chlorpromazine is a potentially toxic compound.
Structure
Data?1582753200
Synonyms
ValueSource
3-(2-Chloro-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanamineChEBI
3-(2-Chlorophenothiazin-10-yl)-N,N-dimethyl-propan-1-amineChEBI
AminazineChEBI
ChlorderazinChEBI
ChloropromazineChEBI
ChlorpromadosChEBI
ChlorpromazinumChEBI
ClorpromazinaChEBI
ContominChEBI
CPZChEBI
LargactilChEBI
N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-chlorophenothiazineChEBI
ThorazineChEBI
ChlorazineHMDB
PropapheninHMDB
Chlorpromazine hydrochlorideHMDB
FenactilHMDB
ChlordelazineHMDB
Hydrochloride, chlorpromazineHMDB
Chemical FormulaC17H19ClN2S
Average Molecular Weight318.864
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight318.095747015
IUPAC Name[3-(2-chloro-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)propyl]dimethylamine
Traditional Namechlorpromazine
CAS Registry Number50-53-3
SMILES
CN(C)CCCN1C2=CC=CC=C2SC2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C2
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C17H19ClN2S/c1-19(2)10-5-11-20-14-6-3-4-7-16(14)21-17-9-8-13(18)12-15(17)20/h3-4,6-9,12H,5,10-11H2,1-2H3
InChI KeyZPEIMTDSQAKGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenothiazines. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a phenothiazine moiety, which is a linear tricyclic system that consists of a two benzene rings joined by a para-thiazine ring.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassBenzothiazines
Sub ClassPhenothiazines
Direct ParentPhenothiazines
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Phenothiazine
  • Alkyldiarylamine
  • Diarylthioether
  • Aryl thioether
  • Tertiary aliphatic/aromatic amine
  • Para-thiazine
  • Aryl chloride
  • Aryl halide
  • Benzenoid
  • Tertiary aliphatic amine
  • Tertiary amine
  • Azacycle
  • Thioether
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organochloride
  • Organohalogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Amine
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Not AvailableNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point< 25 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.0042 g/LNot Available
LogP4.9Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M+H]+CBM170.630932474
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0042 g/LALOGPS
logP5.18ALOGPS
logP4.54ChemAxon
logS-4.9ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.2ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area6.48 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count4ChemAxon
Refractivity93.76 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability35.1 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DeepCCS[M+H]+167.79830932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-165.4430932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-198.32630932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+173.89130932474
AllCCS[M+H]+170.532859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+167.532859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+173.432859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+174.232859911
AllCCS[M-H]-170.932859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-170.232859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-169.732859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
ChlorpromazineCN(C)CCCN1C2=CC=CC=C2SC2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C23562.6Standard polar33892256
ChlorpromazineCN(C)CCCN1C2=CC=CC=C2SC2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C22478.0Standard non polar33892256
ChlorpromazineCN(C)CCCN1C2=CC=CC=C2SC2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C22499.3Semi standard non polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4r-9053000000-9e1cc1d4fc6be5bc73b82017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-014i-2019000000-54e008f9fc11d7f45b682017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-000i-9070000000-9bbe6c5123c891b9489b2017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4r-9053000000-9e1cc1d4fc6be5bc73b82018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-014i-2019000000-54e008f9fc11d7f45b682018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine CI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-000i-9070000000-9bbe6c5123c891b9489b2018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0a4j-9161000000-fb3a39cba2075363c8332017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0a4i-9231000000-ed14fee152701eacf6892014-09-20Not AvailableView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0019000000-0028b3984b4c35e44def2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-0090000000-800bf68c2158920c3f302017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-03dj-0090000000-649e773296a3ecec2b042017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-0190000000-7404aac4e28621b4f60a2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine , positive-QTOFsplash10-01b9-0019000000-993566c51e802e754da22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 15V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-1009000000-9e085e0019e6d749bec72021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 30V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-000i-9001000000-63215388b62ecefa23192021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 60V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a4r-9000000000-0a622181e8ef22e693472021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 75V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-07vi-9100000000-c781f19efbf7f5bc080e2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 90V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-9000000000-a19b19eaa8aa053f7de72021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 45V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-052r-9000000000-7c7616a9c48b6deec4ce2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03dj-0090000000-649e773296a3ecec2b042021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 60V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-066r-9200000000-6c03747eb04ed227c0fc2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 45V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-0390000000-3ba26439eefecf96a16d2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 50V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-0190000000-911db04bc44a18aa9bcc2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 30V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0002-0090000000-800bf68c2158920c3f302021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0009000000-ed71cd0c4716568b4ed82021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 50V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-03di-0190000000-7404aac4e28621b4f60a2021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 15V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4l-0890000000-0864e24ac7a3c6e8e6c12021-09-20HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-1029000000-7e34879597957c9ee39f2016-06-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-01bi-9076000000-5e7e6025c08ddac427f22016-06-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-059f-9320000000-af8b418201e78097c5372016-06-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-014i-0019000000-86aa9bde1ce82c1803182016-08-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0aor-0393000000-613da71e073b4dd785122016-08-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chlorpromazine 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-001j-3890000000-a4243a809dea08eb0af62016-08-04Wishart LabView Spectrum
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00477 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00477 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Predicted Concentrations
BiospecimenValueOriginal ageOriginal sexOriginal conditionComments
Blood0.000 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Blood0.000 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00477
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID2625
KEGG Compound IDC06906
BioCyc IDNot Available
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkChlorpromazine
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound2726
PDB IDZ80
ChEBI ID3647
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Leucht S, Wahlbeck K, Hamann J, Kissling W: New generation antipsychotics versus low-potency conventional antipsychotics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2003 May 10;361(9369):1581-9. [PubMed:12747876 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 15 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in carboxylesterase activity
Specific function:
Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.
Gene Name:
BCHE
Uniprot ID:
P06276
Molecular weight:
68417.575
References
  1. Nasello AG, Gidali D, Felicio LF: A comparative study of the anticholinesterase activity of several antipsychotic agents. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003 Jul;75(4):895-901. [PubMed:12957233 ]
  2. Muraoka S, Miura T: Inactivation of cholinesterase induced by chlorpromazine cation radicals. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2003 Feb;92(2):100-4. [PubMed:12747580 ]
  3. Spinedi A, Pacini L, Limatola C, Luly P, Farias RN: A study of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase inhibition by chlorpromazine. Biochem J. 1991 Sep 1;278 ( Pt 2):461-3. [PubMed:1654884 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
References
  1. Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [PubMed:11996015 ]
  2. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Metabolizes several precarcinogens, drugs, and solvents to reactive metabolites. Inactivates a number of drugs and xenobiotics and also bioactivates many xenobiotic substrates to their hepatotoxic or carcinogenic forms.
Gene Name:
CYP2E1
Uniprot ID:
P05181
Molecular weight:
56848.42
References
  1. Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [PubMed:11996015 ]
  2. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants.
Gene Name:
CYP2D6
Uniprot ID:
P10635
Molecular weight:
55768.94
References
  1. Micallef J, Fakra E, Blin O: [Use of antidepressant drugs in schizophrenic patients with depression]. Encephale. 2006 Mar-Apr;32(2 Pt 1):263-9. [PubMed:16910628 ]
  2. Otani K, Aoshima T: Pharmacogenetics of classical and new antipsychotic drugs. Ther Drug Monit. 2000 Feb;22(1):118-21. [PubMed:10688273 ]
  3. Yoshii K, Kobayashi K, Tsumuji M, Tani M, Shimada N, Chiba K: Identification of human cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the 7-hydroxylation of chlorpromazine by human liver microsomes. Life Sci. 2000;67(2):175-84. [PubMed:10901285 ]
  4. Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [PubMed:11996015 ]
  5. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.
Gene Name:
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID:
P05177
Molecular weight:
58406.915
References
  1. Yoshii K, Kobayashi K, Tsumuji M, Tani M, Shimada N, Chiba K: Identification of human cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the 7-hydroxylation of chlorpromazine by human liver microsomes. Life Sci. 2000;67(2):175-84. [PubMed:10901285 ]
  2. Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [PubMed:11996015 ]
  3. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase
Gene Name:
DRD2
Uniprot ID:
P14416
Molecular weight:
50618.9
References
  1. Oades RD, Rao ML, Bender S, Sartory G, Muller BW: Neuropsychological and conditioned blocking performance in patients with schizophrenia: assessment of the contribution of neuroleptic dose, serum levels and dopamine D2-receptor occupancy. Behav Pharmacol. 2000 Jun;11(3-4):317-30. [PubMed:11103886 ]
  2. Seeman P: Atypical antipsychotics: mechanism of action. Can J Psychiatry. 2002 Feb;47(1):27-38. [PubMed:11873706 ]
  3. Wu S, Xing Q, Gao R, Li X, Gu N, Feng G, He L: Response to chlorpromazine treatment may be associated with polymorphisms of the DRD2 gene in Chinese schizophrenic patients. Neurosci Lett. 2005 Mar 7;376(1):1-4. Epub 2004 Dec 2. [PubMed:15694263 ]
  4. Wu SN, Gao R, Xing QH, Li HF, Shen YF, Gu NF, Feng GY, He L: Association of DRD2 polymorphisms and chlorpromazine-induced extrapyramidal syndrome in Chinese schizophrenic patients. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2006 Aug;27(8):966-70. [PubMed:16867246 ]
  5. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
  6. Seeman P: Dopamine D2 receptors as treatment targets in schizophrenia. Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses. 2010 Apr;4(1):56-73. doi: 10.3371/CSRP.4.1.5. [PubMed:20643630 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity
Gene Name:
HTR1A
Uniprot ID:
P08908
Molecular weight:
46106.3
References
  1. Cosi C, Koek W: Agonist, antagonist, and inverse agonist properties of antipsychotics at human recombinant 5-HT(1A) receptors expressed in HeLa cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 Dec 14;433(1):55-62. [PubMed:11755134 ]
  2. Newman-Tancredi A, Gavaudan S, Conte C, Chaput C, Touzard M, Verriele L, Audinot V, Millan MJ: Agonist and antagonist actions of antipsychotic agents at 5-HT1A receptors: a [35S]GTPgammaS binding study. Eur J Pharmacol. 1998 Aug 21;355(2-3):245-56. [PubMed:9760039 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. This receptor is involved in tracheal smooth muscle contraction, bronchoconstriction, and control of aldosterone production
Gene Name:
HTR2A
Uniprot ID:
P28223
Molecular weight:
52602.6
References
  1. Kusumi I, Takahashi Y, Suzuki K, Kameda K, Koyama T: Differential effects of subchronic treatments with atypical antipsychotic drugs on dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in the rat brain. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2000;107(3):295-302. [PubMed:10821438 ]
  2. Yamada J, Sugimoto Y, Horisaka K: Serotonin2 (5-HT2) receptor agonist 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) inhibits chlorpromazine- and haloperidol-induced hypothermia in mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 1995 Nov;18(11):1580-3. [PubMed:8593484 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
In peripheral tissues, the H1 subclass of histamine receptors mediates the contraction of smooth muscles, increase in capillary permeability due to contraction of terminal venules, and catecholamine release from adrenal medulla, as well as mediating neurotransmission in the central nervous system
Gene Name:
HRH1
Uniprot ID:
P35367
Molecular weight:
55783.6
References
  1. Hals PA, Hall H, Dahl SG: Muscarinic cholinergic and histamine H1 receptor binding of phenothiazine drug metabolites. Life Sci. 1988;43(5):405-12. [PubMed:2899826 ]
  2. Church MK, Young KD: The characteristics of inhibition of histamine release from human lung fragments by sodium cromoglycate, salbutamol and chlorpromazine. Br J Pharmacol. 1983 Apr;78(4):671-9. [PubMed:6189542 ]
  3. Johnson HG, Miller MD: Inhibition of histamine release and ionophore-induced calcium flux in rat mast cells by lidocaine and chlorpromazine. Agents Actions. 1979 Aug;9(3):239-43. [PubMed:91313 ]
  4. Palmer GC, Wagner HR, Palmer SJ, Manian AA: Histamine-, norepinephrine-, and dopamine-sensitive central adenylate cyclases: effects of chlorpromazine derivatives and butaclamol. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1978 Jun;233(2):314-25. [PubMed:687395 ]
  5. Ruffolo RR, Patil PN: Kinetics of blockade of different receptors by chlorpromazine in rabbit stomach strips. Eur J Pharmacol. 1978 Mar 15;48(2):151-7. [PubMed:25190 ]
General function:
Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
Specific function:
This alpha-adrenergic receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) proteins
Gene Name:
ADRA1A
Uniprot ID:
P35348
Molecular weight:
51486.0
References
  1. Cahir M, King DJ: Antipsychotics lack alpha 1A/B adrenoceptor subtype selectivity in the rat. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005 Mar;15(2):231-4. [PubMed:15695070 ]

Transporters

General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes
Gene Name:
ABCB11
Uniprot ID:
O95342
Molecular weight:
146405.8
References
  1. Wang EJ, Casciano CN, Clement RP, Johnson WW: Fluorescent substrates of sister-P-glycoprotein (BSEP) evaluated as markers of active transport and inhibition: evidence for contingent unequal binding sites. Pharm Res. 2003 Apr;20(4):537-44. [PubMed:12739759 ]
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells
Gene Name:
ABCB1
Uniprot ID:
P08183
Molecular weight:
141477.3
References
  1. Polli JW, Wring SA, Humphreys JE, Huang L, Morgan JB, Webster LO, Serabjit-Singh CS: Rational use of in vitro P-glycoprotein assays in drug discovery. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Nov;299(2):620-8. [PubMed:11602674 ]
  2. Boulton DW, DeVane CL, Liston HL, Markowitz JS: In vitro P-glycoprotein affinity for atypical and conventional antipsychotics. Life Sci. 2002 May 31;71(2):163-9. [PubMed:12031686 ]
General function:
Involved in ion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
Translocates a broad array of organic cations with various structures and molecular weights including the model compounds 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), tetraethylammonium (TEA), N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), 4-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)- N-methylpyridinium (ASP), the endogenous compounds choline, guanidine, histamine, epinephrine, adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine, and the drugs quinine, and metformin. The transport of organic cations is inhibited by a broad array of compounds like tetramethylammonium (TMA), cocaine, lidocaine, NMDA receptor antagonists, atropine, prazosin, cimetidine, TEA and NMN, guanidine, cimetidine, choline, procainamide, quinine, tetrabutylammonium, and tetrapentylammonium. Translocates organic cations in an electrogenic and pH-independent manner. Translocates organic cations across the plasma membrane in both directions. Transports the polyamines spermine and spermidine. Transports pramipexole across the basolateral membrane of the proximal tubular epithelial cells. The choline transport is activated by MMTS. Regulated by various intracellular signaling pathways including inhibition by protein kinase A activation, and endogenously activation by the calmodulin complex, the calmodulin- dependent kinase II and LCK tyrosine kinase
Gene Name:
SLC22A1
Uniprot ID:
O15245
Molecular weight:
61187.4
References
  1. Bednarczyk D, Ekins S, Wikel JH, Wright SH: Influence of molecular structure on substrate binding to the human organic cation transporter, hOCT1. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Mar;63(3):489-98. [PubMed:12606755 ]

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 15 proteins in total.