Hmdb loader
Survey
You are using an unsupported browser. Please upgrade your browser to a newer version to get the best experience on Human Metabolome Database.
Record Information
Version5.0
StatusExpected but not Quantified
Creation Date2012-09-06 15:16:50 UTC
Update Date2022-03-07 02:51:42 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0014659
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB14659
Metabolite Identification
Common NameAlbendazole
DescriptionAlbendazole is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintic structurally related to mebendazole that is effective against many diseases. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p38)Albendazole causes degenerative alterations in the tegument and intestinal cells of the worm by binding to the colchicine-sensitive site of tubulin, thus inhibiting its polymerization or assembly into microtubules. The loss of the cytoplasmic microtubules leads to impaired uptake of glucose by the larval and adult stages of the susceptible parasites, and depletes their glycogen stores. Degenerative changes in the endoplasmic reticulum, the mitochondria of the germinal layer, and the subsequent release of lysosomes result in decreased production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the energy required for the survival of the helminth. Due to diminished energy production, the parasite is immobilized and eventually dies.
Structure
Data?1582753205
Synonyms
ValueSource
(5-(Propylthio)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamic acid methyl esterChEBI
5-(Propylthio)-2-carbomethoxyaminobenzimidazoleChEBI
AlbenzaChEBI
EskazoleChEBI
O-Methyl N-(5-(propylthio)-2-benzimidazolyl)carbamateChEBI
ProftrilChEBI
ValbazenChEBI
ZentelChEBI
(5-(Propylthio)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate methyl esterGenerator
O-Methyl N-(5-(propylthio)-2-benzimidazolyl)carbamic acidGenerator
Albendazole armstrong brandHMDB
Albendazole diba brandHMDB
Albendazole pfizer brandHMDB
AlbendoralHMDB
Armstrong brand OF albendazoleHMDB
SK And F62979HMDB
Albendazole sanicoopa brandHMDB
Albendazole valdecasas brandHMDB
BendaparHMDB
DigezanolHMDB
EndoplusHMDB
Fustery brand OF albendazoleHMDB
Hormona brand OF albendazoleHMDB
Liferpal brand OF albendazoleHMDB
LurdexHMDB
Mediamix V disthelmHMDB
MetiazolHMDB
Monohydrochloride, albendazoleHMDB
SK And F-62979HMDB
Sanicoopa brand OF albendazoleHMDB
Albendazole fustery brandHMDB
GascopHMDB
Noé-socopharm brand OF albendazoleHMDB
Pfizer brand OF albendazoleHMDB
SmithKline beecham brand OF albendazoleHMDB
V Disthelm, mediamixHMDB
Albendazole hormona brandHMDB
Albendazole liferpal brandHMDB
Albendazole monohydrochlorideHMDB
Albendazole noé-socopharm brandHMDB
BilutacHMDB
Diba brand OF albendazoleHMDB
DisthelmHMDB
Disthelm, mediamix VHMDB
Noé socopharm brand OF albendazoleHMDB
SK And F 62979HMDB
Valdecasas brand OF albendazoleHMDB
AndazolMeSH
Chemical FormulaC12H15N3O2S
Average Molecular Weight265.331
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight265.088497429
IUPAC Namemethyl N-[6-(propylsulfanyl)-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-2-yl]carbamate
Traditional Namealbendazol
CAS Registry Number54965-21-8
SMILES
CCCSC1=CC2=C(C=C1)N=C(NC(=O)OC)N2
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C12H15N3O2S/c1-3-6-18-8-4-5-9-10(7-8)14-11(13-9)15-12(16)17-2/h4-5,7H,3,6H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,15,16)
InChI KeyHXHWSAZORRCQMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 2-benzimidazolylcarbamic acid esters. These are aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds that contain a carbamic acid ester group, which is N-linked to the C2-atom of a benzimidazole moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganoheterocyclic compounds
ClassBenzimidazoles
Sub Class2-benzimidazolylcarbamic acid esters
Direct Parent2-benzimidazolylcarbamic acid esters
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • 2-benzimidazolylcarbamic acid ester
  • Aryl thioether
  • Thiophenol ether
  • Alkylarylthioether
  • Benzenoid
  • Azole
  • Imidazole
  • Carbamic acid ester
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Carbonic acid derivative
  • Thioether
  • Azacycle
  • Sulfenyl compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organosulfur compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effectNot Available
Disposition
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point209 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility0.023 g/LNot Available
LogP2.7Not Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M+H]+Not Available161.991http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00001055
Predicted Molecular Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.023 g/LALOGPS
logP3.22ALOGPS
logP3.2ChemAxon
logS-4.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)9.51ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)4.27ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area67.01 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity73.01 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability29.3 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings2ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

PredictorAdduct TypeCCS Value (Å2)Reference
DarkChem[M+H]+162.21231661259
DarkChem[M-H]-164.16231661259
DeepCCS[M+H]+163.79330932474
DeepCCS[M-H]-161.43530932474
DeepCCS[M-2H]-194.3230932474
DeepCCS[M+Na]+169.88630932474
AllCCS[M+H]+159.332859911
AllCCS[M+H-H2O]+156.032859911
AllCCS[M+NH4]+162.532859911
AllCCS[M+Na]+163.432859911
AllCCS[M-H]-162.232859911
AllCCS[M+Na-2H]-162.232859911
AllCCS[M+HCOO]-162.332859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

MetaboliteSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
AlbendazoleCCCSC1=CC2=C(C=C1)N=C(NC(=O)OC)N23469.3Standard polar33892256
AlbendazoleCCCSC1=CC2=C(C=C1)N=C(NC(=O)OC)N22307.6Standard non polar33892256
AlbendazoleCCCSC1=CC2=C(C=C1)N=C(NC(=O)OC)N22670.7Semi standard non polar33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / StructureSMILESKovats RI ValueColumn TypeReference
Albendazole,1TMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]C2=C12371.1Semi standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,1TMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]C2=C12253.2Standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,1TMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C)[NH]C2=C13263.5Standard polar33892256
Albendazole,1TMS,isomer #2CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)N([Si](C)(C)C)C2=C12453.5Semi standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,1TMS,isomer #2CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)N([Si](C)(C)C)C2=C12258.7Standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,1TMS,isomer #2CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)N([Si](C)(C)C)C2=C13419.6Standard polar33892256
Albendazole,2TMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C)C2=C12408.8Semi standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,2TMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C)C2=C12353.9Standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,2TMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C)C2=C12893.8Standard polar33892256
Albendazole,1TBDMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]C2=C12585.4Semi standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,1TBDMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]C2=C12465.7Standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,1TBDMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)[NH]C2=C13262.9Standard polar33892256
Albendazole,1TBDMS,isomer #2CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=C12657.9Semi standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,1TBDMS,isomer #2CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=C12481.4Standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,1TBDMS,isomer #2CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=C13415.6Standard polar33892256
Albendazole,2TBDMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=C12777.0Semi standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,2TBDMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=C12732.0Standard non polar33892256
Albendazole,2TBDMS,isomer #1CCCSC1=CC=C2N=C(N(C(=O)OC)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)N([Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C2=C13023.6Standard polar33892256
Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Albendazole GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0zg0-1469000000-46c2b274ef14c131df222017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Albendazole GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00dl-2920000000-8bfa1e52a364c2e1f3ac2017-09-12HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Albendazole GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0zg0-1469000000-46c2b274ef14c131df222018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Experimental GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - Albendazole GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00dl-2920000000-8bfa1e52a364c2e1f3ac2018-05-18HMDB team, MONA, MassBankView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Albendazole GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00vl-3960000000-6405beb97aaf7baeef1e2017-09-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - Albendazole GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12Wishart LabView Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateSourceView
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-01q9-0090000000-672ce5296af7aee8b7052017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-001i-0390000000-5714d326ce05257dd82d2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0910000000-e659044fe535a4187c4c2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0900000000-a1c7141f3f860d69dca22017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-000i-0900000000-96ae063a35ee4fe533902017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-052r-2900000000-6103a7173b7b7689ee522017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9600000000-7a4cee3070ee6f08b2cb2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9200000000-109010056dd851a50ae42017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-9f06e0952a63ae1312b32017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , negative-QTOFsplash10-001r-0790000000-8ba2b09e2eefe111496f2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0290000000-db0e07ed437380dd7f562017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0910000000-80dd825626a5009e89242017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QTOF , positive-QTOFsplash10-052f-0900000000-ea3849a4ab993b24b4f02017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-014i-0090000000-fe82219d2c01efc3494d2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-00lr-0090000000-6d1f652e7ecf943d74002017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-001i-0190000000-ab8f5993bbc5ebfcb04c2017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-000x-0950000000-0c5ca5956802aa312e112017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-0006-0900000000-02e757b669a99db256082017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Experimental LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole LC-ESI-QFT , positive-QTOFsplash10-052f-0900000000-bef5aa7a328477b1c2792017-09-14HMDB team, MONAView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole 10V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0uxr-1190000000-b3b5e0c1c81c186e03232016-08-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole 20V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-0a6u-6390000000-49710f98d2607932e74d2016-08-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole 40V, Positive-QTOFsplash10-01vo-6920000000-f7a76ee929303af680122016-08-01Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole 10V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-06si-5390000000-662c83573e8207d720652016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole 20V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-0a4i-5960000000-7fffbfea1f1e67fdbb9c2016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Albendazole 40V, Negative-QTOFsplash10-01rx-9610000000-014e3ec45924170b49d02016-08-03Wishart LabView Spectrum

NMR Spectra

Spectrum TypeDescriptionDeposition DateSourceView
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Urine
Tissue LocationsNot Available
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00518 details
UrineExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00518 details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Predicted Concentrations
BiospecimenValueOriginal ageOriginal sexOriginal conditionComments
Blood0.000 uMAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Blood0.000 umol/mmol creatinineAdult (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB00518
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID1998
KEGG Compound IDC01779
BioCyc IDALBENDAZOLE
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkAlbendazole
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound2082
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16664
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Ramirez T, Benitez-Bribiesca L, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Herrera LA: In vitro effects of albendazole and its metabolites on the cell proliferation kinetics and micronuclei frequency of stimulated human lymphocytes. Arch Med Res. 2001 Mar-Apr;32(2):119-22. [PubMed:11343808 ]
  2. Haque A, Hollister WS, Willcox A, Canning EU: The antimicrosporidial activity of albendazole. J Invertebr Pathol. 1993 Sep;62(2):171-7. [PubMed:8228321 ]
  3. Oxberry ME, Reynoldson JA, Thompson RC: The binding and distribution of albendazole and its principal metabolites in Giardia duodenalis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Jun;23(3):113-20. [PubMed:11110097 ]
  4. Molina AJ, Merino G, Prieto JG, Real R, Mendoza G, Alvarez AI: Absorption and metabolism of albendazole after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2007 May;31(1):16-24. Epub 2007 Feb 6. [PubMed:17350811 ]

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.
Gene Name:
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID:
P08684
Molecular weight:
57255.585
Reactions
Albendazole + NADPH + Oxygen → albendazole S-oxide + NADP + Waterdetails
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
Gene Name:
CYP1A1
Uniprot ID:
P04798
Molecular weight:
58164.815
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in monooxygenase activity
Specific function:
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.
Gene Name:
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID:
P05177
Molecular weight:
58406.915
References
  1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
General function:
Involved in structural molecule activity
Specific function:
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha-chain
Gene Name:
TUBB2C
Uniprot ID:
P68371
Molecular weight:
49830.7
References
  1. Solana HD, Sallovitz JM, Lanusse CE, Rodriguez JA: Enantioselective binding of albendazole sulphoxide to cytosolic proteins from helminth parasites. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Jan-Feb;24(1):7-13. [PubMed:11980387 ]
  2. Chu SW, Badar S, Morris DL, Pourgholami MH: Potent inhibition of tubulin polymerisation and proliferation of paclitaxel-resistant 1A9PTX22 human ovarian cancer cells by albendazole. Anticancer Res. 2009 Oct;29(10):3791-6. [PubMed:19846910 ]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [PubMed:10592235 ]
General function:
Involved in structural molecule activity
Specific function:
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha-chain
Gene Name:
TUBA1A
Uniprot ID:
Q71U36
Molecular weight:
50135.2
References
  1. Ramirez T, Benitez-Bribiesca L, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Herrera LA: In vitro effects of albendazole and its metabolites on the cell proliferation kinetics and micronuclei frequency of stimulated human lymphocytes. Arch Med Res. 2001 Mar-Apr;32(2):119-22. [PubMed:11343808 ]
  2. Chu SW, Badar S, Morris DL, Pourgholami MH: Potent inhibition of tubulin polymerisation and proliferation of paclitaxel-resistant 1A9PTX22 human ovarian cancer cells by albendazole. Anticancer Res. 2009 Oct;29(10):3791-6. [PubMed:19846910 ]
  3. Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [PubMed:10592235 ]

Transporters

General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells
Gene Name:
ABCB1
Uniprot ID:
P08183
Molecular weight:
141477.3
References
  1. Merino G, Alvarez AI, Prieto JG, Kim RB: The anthelminthic agent albendazole does not interact with p-glycoprotein. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Apr;30(4):365-9. [PubMed:11901088 ]